CAPSTONE offers a lot in a small package, said Bradley Cheetham, the CEO of Advance Space, in a press release.

Along with configuring the orbital path, the CubeSat will test new navigation technologies, which will allow future missions to find their location without having to rely on tracking from Earth. CAPSTONE will also help the team answer how small dedicated launches to the Moon will work, once there are astronauts on Gateway.

CAPSTONE is only about the size of a small microwave. To reach its target orbit, itll take about three months. From there, it will begin a six-month demonstration phase. During this time, the team will understand how the CubeSat will operate in the orbit.

Gateway will be a NASA-built spacecraft that will serve almost as a travelers outpost, orbiting the Moon. The space agency hopes to have astronauts living on the small space station for up to three months, giving them a place to conduct experiments and travel to the lunar surface in a short amount of time. This will also serve as a checkpoint for astronauts, their first stop from Earth to the Moon. As they make their way toward the lunar surface, theyll have to stop at Gateway first.

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NASA CubeSat will test lunar space station orbit - Astronomy Magazine