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This Day in History – What Happened Today – HISTORY

Hopelessly trapped at Yorktown, Virginia, British General Lord Cornwallis surrenders 8,000 British soldiers and seamen to a larger Franco-American force, effectively bringing an end to the American Revolution.

Lord Cornwallis was one of the most capable British generals of the American Revolution. In 1776, he drove General George Washingtons Patriots forces out of New Jersey, and in 1780 he won a stunning victory over General Horatio Gates Patriot army at Camden, South Carolina. Cornwallis subsequent invasion of North Carolina was less successful, however, and in April 1781 he led his weary and battered troops toward the Virginia coast, where he could maintain seaborne lines of communication with the large British army of General Henry Clinton in New York City. After conducting a series of raids against towns and plantations in Virginia, Cornwallis settled in the tidewater town of Yorktown in August. The British immediately began fortifying the town and the adjacent promontory of Gloucester Point across the York River.

General George Washington instructed the Marquis de Lafayette, who was in Virginia with an American army of around 5,000 men, to block Cornwallis escape from Yorktown by land. In the meantime, Washingtons 2,500 troops in New York were joined by a French army of 4,000 men under the Count de Rochambeau. Washington and Rochambeau made plans to attack Cornwallis with the assistance of a large French fleet under the Count de Grasse, and on August 21 they crossed the Hudson River to march south to Yorktown. Covering 200 miles in 15 days, the allied force reached the head of Chesapeake Bay in early September.

READ MORE: How Alexander Hamilton's Men Surprised the Enemy at the Battle of Yorktown

Meanwhile, a British fleet under Admiral Thomas Graves failed to break French naval superiority at the Battle of Virginia Capes on September 5, denying Cornwallis his expected reinforcements. Beginning September 14, de Grasse transported Washington and Rochambeaus men down the Chesapeake to Virginia, where they joined Lafayette and completed the encirclement of Yorktown on September 28. De Grasse landed another 3,000 French troops carried by his fleet. During the first two weeks of October, the 14,000 Franco-American troops gradually overcame the fortified British positions with the aid of de Grasses warships. A large British fleet carrying 7,000 men set out to rescue Cornwallis, but it was too late.

On October 19, General Cornwallis surrendered 7,087 officers and men, 900 seamen, 144 cannons, 15 galleys, a frigate, and 30 transport ships. Pleading illness, he did not attend the surrender ceremony, but his second-in-command, General Charles OHara, carried Cornwallis sword to the American and French commanders. As the British and Hessian troops marched out to surrender, the British bands played the song The World Turned Upside Down.

Although the war persisted on the high seas and in other theaters, the Patriot victory at Yorktown effectively ended fighting in the American colonies. Peace negotiations began in 1782, and on September 3, 1783, the Treaty of Paris was signed, formally recognizing the United States as a free and independent nation after eight years of war.

CHECK OUT:George Washington: An Interactive Map of His Key Military Battles

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This Day in History - What Happened Today - HISTORY

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We cant allow our history to vanish | From the editor – SILive.com

Hi Neighbor,

Nostalgia . . . its a big thing in our community.

We love everything old about Staten Island. The historic Advance pages published in the print edition of the Staten Island Advance and its online eNewspaper every day. An advertisement for a womens leather jacket on sale at E.J. Korvettes for $29.99. A 1951 Dodge at Memoly Motors for fourteen hundred bucks. The times when Kolff and Kaufmann Realtors sold a brick ranch in Great Kills for $19,900.

So why dont we embrace the real history of Staten Island? The brick-wood-and-mortar history, and everything that it stands for, still with us after 350-plus years.

The headline said it all on reporter Maura Grunlunds story telling of a disturbing situation in Eltingville last week:

History under attack:

300-year-old-house vandalized with racial slurs, obscene images

Its the Olmsted-Beil House. Ill go out on a limb and suggest that most of our neighbors never heard of the place.

As Maura described it, the home is located at 4515 Hylan Blvd., nestled behind other development and reached from a blink-and-youll-miss-it entrance between Hales Avenue and Woods of Arden Road.

The two-story farmhouse sits on a 1.7-acre site that was once a 130-acre farm.

The vandals also broke windows. Not just any windows, but glass that could date back to when the home was built.

This isnt just any 300-year-old house, mind you, although its age alone should give it significant status in our borough.

Frederick Law Olmsted, a renowned landscape architect instrumental in the development of Central Park and Prospect Park, and Carlton Beil, a naturalist and educator at the American Museum of Natural History, lived there at one time or another.

Two pretty big deals in the history of New York City.

Tina Kaasmann-Dunn and her Friends of the Olmsted-Beil House have worked hard to stabilize the place. Theyre incensed over the vandalism.

But where is the larger community outrage?

Friends of Olmsted-Biel shouldnt feel alone.

Theres a community within a community in Rossville called Sandy Ground.

Given that a ferryboat was just named after the place might make the name better known to Staten Island commuters. But Ill go out on that limb again and suggest that most neighbors dont know what Sandy Ground is even if they do ride the boat every morning.

Sandy Ground was settled in 1833 by African-American oystermen fleeing restrictive industry laws of Maryland. The Raritan Bay was rich in oysters in those days.

Sandy Ground became the first free Black community in New York

Eventually, the oyster beds were depleted and Sandy Grounders turned to other professions like iron works and blacksmithing or left.

Joseph Bishop displays one fo the floral patterns he has produced from a cast. A piece like this may require a full day of work. August, 1973 at Sandy Ground.

Then a fire tore through the community in the 1960s, destroying many of the homes. But some do remain.

The only intact 18th-century African cemetery in America is said to be on the site, and its museum has the largest documentary collection of African-American culture and history on Staten Island . . . as well as letters, photographs, film, art, rare books, quilts and other archaeological artifacts, according to NYC-Arts.

The AME Zion Church, built around 1850 and a junction on the Underground Railroad, still stands and still holds services today. Sandy Ground descendants still live on Staten Island.

The Sandy Ground Historical Society headed by Julie Moody Lewis and her mom, Sylvia DAllesandro Sandy Ground descendants themselves struggles mightily but has been unable to keep up. The museum is closed because of water, mold and other damage.

Sandy Ground is not just a ferryboat named in its honor.

Sandy Ground not just a Staten Island story.

Its not just a New York story.

Sandy Ground is a national story. Think about it: The first free Black community in New York! And it still exists.

Where is our outrage over the potential loss of this piece of American history in our own hometown?

Youd think the little white house at 1476 Richmond Road in Dongan Hlls would be a no-brainer. It, too, has a name -- The Billliou-Stillwell-Perine House.

What makes it so special? Its the oldest surviving building on Staten Island, one of the oldest buildings in the entire state and still sits on the property where it was first built.

Im out on that limb again when I suggest that the tens of thousands of Richmond Road drivers who speed past the house every day to and from work have no clue of the homes history.

Exterior of the Perine House at 1476 Richmond Road. (Staten Island Advance)Staten Island Advance

It was built by 1663 by Pierre Billiou, a native of French Flanders. He found his way to Staten Island in 1661 with a bunch of other settlers and established Staten Islands first permanent Dutch settlement.

Historic Richmond Town, which owns the house, tells the extraordinary history.

Billiou and his family lived in the house when the English took control of Staten Island in 1664. During the American Revolution, when Ann Perine lived in the house with her seven children, British troops occupied the property For a few years in the late 1910s and early 1920s, Alice Austen and Gertrude Tate operated the Box Tree Tea Room in the house.

Today, the house is primarily notable for being the only remaining architectural evidence of the first permanent settlement on Staten Island

This is the interior of the final addition to the house, the kitchen built by the Perine family in the 19th century.STATEN ISLAND ADVANCE

But like Olmsted and Sandy Ground, keeping up with a 359-year-old structure is a struggle. A small group of Staten Islanders got together well before the pandemic and raised enough money to replace the roof in period style.

A phased fund-raising plan to bring the house back to its 1600s glory was established but the pandemic put everything on hold.

Its about to kick-start again but the small group, Historic Richmond Towns Executive Director and CEO Jessica Phillips and her board of directors, shouldnt be the only ones who care.

Like Sandy Ground, this is a national treasure, neighbors. We all should care.

Like the old saying goes, They dont build em like that anymore . . . "

Brian

Oh by the way: Finally! Weve been saying it since a Staten Island Yankee pitcher threw the first strike in 1999. They, and now the Ferry Hawks, treat it like its baseball. Its not. Its impossible to be baseball on the minor league or independent level on Staten Island when a guy named Aaron Judge is breaking the American League home run record for a team based about 26 miles away. Finally, the Hawks will bring baseball entertainment to St. George. As Advance/SILive sports reporter Nick Regina related, The Savanah Bananas 2023 World Tour will hit 33 cities across 20 states next year . . . joined by characters, dancers, performers, mascots, and musicians as it exposes its brand of baseball, known as Banana Ball. . . a fast-paced, action-packed style of baseball that doesnt allow for walks or bunting. Hitters arent allowed to leave the batters box and all games end after two hours. Among the quirkiest of rules, if a fan catches a foul ball its an out. The games are Aug. 11 and 12. Tickets arent on sale yet but stay tuned. Lets be first on line!

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We cant allow our history to vanish | From the editor - SILive.com

Public History Project exhibition generates ‘extraordinary’ interest during first month – University of Wisconsin-Madison

Attendees walk through the exhibition during a private reception for the Sifting and Reckoning: UWMadisons History of Exclusion and Resistance exhibit at the Chazen Museum of Art of the at the University of WisconsinMadison on Sept. 12, 2022. Photo: Bryce Richter

The campus community and broader public are showing strong interest in the Public History Projects Sifting and Reckoning exhibition.

The exhibition at the Chazen Museum of Art, which opened Sept. 12, recorded more than 7,400 visits its first month. A companion website had 4,400 visits during the same period. Visitors online represented 25 countries and 47 states.

Since the moment it opened at the Chazen,Sifting & Reckoninghas generated extraordinary interest and attendance, says Amy Gilman, Chazen director. This level of response reinforces how important it is for us to acknowledge our shared histories together, as a community, and why we wanted to host it here at the Chazen, which is a place of dialogue, discussion and contemplation. This is how we create a more equitable future for UWMadison.

The Public History Project is the universitys effort to uncover and give voice to those who experienced and challenged bigotry and exclusion on campus and who, through their resilience and actions, have made the university a better place.

The project began in fall 2019 and is set to end in mid-summer 2023. Throughout the project, staff members, including students, have published blog posts based on their research at publichistoryproject.wisc.edu. The projects museum exhibition runs through Dec. 23, 2022, at the Chazen. The companion website at reckoning.wisc.edu provides an immersive online experience that will remain available after the physical exhibit closes.

Throughout the first month of the exhibition, numerous special events brought crowds to the Chazen, beginning with an opening night reception. Other events that followed included a special night for students, a community night co-sponsored by the Division of Diversity, Equity and Educational Achievement, and a Directors Conversation with Gilman and Kacie Lucchini Butcher, director of the Public History Project. Upcoming events are listed at reckoning.wisc.edu.

Additionally, the projects staff members interacted with students and employees dozens of times across campus during the first month of the exhibition, giving presentations and participating in discussions at the request of instructors, department heads and others.

The response to the Public History Project in general and to the exhibition at the Chazen in particular has been heartening, Lucchini Butcher says. In the days and weeks leading up to the exhibitions opening, our team had many conversations about our hopes. We all came back to one thing that the community would come to see the exhibition, visit our websites and attend our community events. To the extent that already has happened, we are greatly appreciative. And we hope that strong interest in the project continues.

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Public History Project exhibition generates 'extraordinary' interest during first month - University of Wisconsin-Madison

A Chance to Be on Right Side of History in Iran – Foreign Policy

A specter is haunting London and Washingtonthe specter of the 1953 coup in Iran.

As diplomats on both sides of the Atlantic struggle to make sense of the national uprising that has erupted in Iran over the last four weeks, a debate is raging among them as to how Britain and the United States should respond to these protests.

Those doves who remain committed to negotiations for a nuclear deal with Tehran, despite the brutal suppression of peaceful protesters, argue that the United States and Britain should avoid meddling in Irans internal affairs, as they did in 1953.

A specter is haunting London and Washingtonthe specter of the 1953 coup in Iran.

As diplomats on both sides of the Atlantic struggle to make sense of the national uprising that has erupted in Iran over the last four weeks, a debate is raging among them as to how Britain and the United States should respond to these protests.

Those doves who remain committed to negotiations for a nuclear deal with Tehran, despite the brutal suppression of peaceful protesters, argue that the United States and Britain should avoid meddling in Irans internal affairs, as they did in 1953.

At the opposite extreme, those hawks who have long advocated a policy of regime change in Iran elide the U.S. role in the 1953 coup or, more perversely, argue that Washington was right to intervene in 1953 and should do so again today.

For decades, it was historys worst-kept secret that the 1953 coup was orchestrated by Britains Secret Intelligence Service and the CIA.

When the popular constitutional government of Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddeq nationalized Irans British-owned oil industry in 1951, it set in train an Anglo-Iranian confrontation that ended with the toppling of Mosaddeq in a royalist coup in 1953.

The 1953 coup ended Irans parliamentary democracy and transformed the countrys young shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, from a constitutional monarch to a dictator who would be overthrown in a revolution in 1979. The decision to intervene in Iran in 1953 was a disaster for Iranians and, in the long term, for both Britain and the United States.

But the misuse of the 1953 analogy is not only bad historyit is also bad policy. Britain and the United States were on the wrong side of history in 1953. Now they have an opportunity to be on the right side of history.

Mosaddeq was a liberal nationalist who wanted an independent and democratic Iran. When he visited the United States in 1951 to meet with President Harry Truman and present Irans case against Britain at the United Nations, he also toured the Liberty Bell and Independence Hall in Philadelphia and said Iranians envied Americans for having won their freedom from the English crown in 1776. President Dwight Eisenhowers decision to back the 1953 coup was a profound betrayal of Mosaddeq and of Irans struggle for liberty.

There is a deep reluctance in London and Washington to do anything to draw attention to this inconvenient history. When the Green Movement erupted in Iran in 2009 over a fraudulent presidential contest that handed reelection to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and denied victory to reformists, the Obama administration avoided supporting the Iranian protesters because it feared the Islamic Republic would invoke 1953 to brand the protesters as agents of the CIA. While Iranian protesters demanded that their votes be counted, President Barack Obama remained largely mute, issuing only a belated condemnation of the brutal suppression of the protests. Obama himself has acknowledged that this was an error of judgment.

Jake Sullivan, President Joe Bidens national security advisor and a veteran of Obamas Iran team, seems determined not to repeat this mistake and has been outspoken in his support for the Iranian demonstrators. Yet there are those in the State Department who invoke 1953 to argue for noninterference and press for a nuclear deal with the Islamic Republic. This would be a tragic mistake.

The explosion of protests across Iran in the last month, in cities large and small, is unprecedented. Women are in the vanguard of this national uprising, sparked by the death of 22-year-old Mahsa Amini at the hands of Irans so-called morality police for an alleged minor infraction of the Islamic Republics compulsory veiling laws. But Iranian women are not alone. Lawyers in Tehran, students in Rasht, shopkeepers in Mashhad, workers in AbadanIranians from all walks of life have joined their call for an end to the Islamic Republic.

For decades, Iranians gave the Islamic Republic opportunity after opportunity to peacefully reform itself. For decades, successive U.S. administrations, both Democrat and Republican, searched for an elusive Iranian moderate they could do business with. Twice Iranians elected moderate presidentsMohammad Khatami and Hassan Rouhanion promises of reform at home and dtente with the West. Twice these moderates failed to deliver.

With the imposition of the hard-line conservative loyalist Ebrahim Raisi as president in a sham election in 2021, the hope of reform was extinguished, and the Islamic Republic has now reached a dead end. It is time to think the unthinkable and imagine a world without the Islamic Republic.

It would be a gross betrayal of Iranians if the United States, Britain, and the other signatories to the 2015 nuclear deal were to strike a deal with the Islamic Republic now and ease sanctions on a regime that has lost all legitimacy.

It would also be a betrayal of the democratic values that Britain and the United States claim to hold dear to help a regime that shoots protesting women in the streets and sends protesting schoolchildren to psychiatric institutions. The Islamic Republic has shown little enthusiasm for a nuclear deal, but its calculations may change as the situation grows more desperate inside Iran. The suspension of nuclear talks would send a clear message to Tehran that as long as the regime brutalizes protesters, it will not be business as usual in its dealings with Western powers.

A nuclear deal now with the Islamic Republic would render 2022 no less infamous than 1953 in history. Iranians are not asking for Anglo-American intervention in Iran, as happened nearly 70 years ago. Rather, this time, they are asking for Britain and the United States to stand on the side of the Iranian people as they fight to achieve the precious liberty that Mosaddeq dreamed of.

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A Chance to Be on Right Side of History in Iran - Foreign Policy

Eagles notched their 600th regular-season win in franchise history. Which teams have they dominated? – The Philadelphia Inquirer

Buried deep in the footnotes of Sunday nights critical Eagles victory was that it was the 600th regular-season win for the team. There was a 10-year stretch starting in the late 1960s when the Eagles would regularly get blown out by the Cowboys who were on their way to becoming Americas team. Ask any grandparent in Philadelphia.

The Eagles are the eighth NFL franchise to get to 600. Their winning percentage isnt as high as the other seven teams, but theyre getting there.

Since Jeffrey Luries first full season as owner in 1995, the Eagles are 243-192-3, good for a .558 winning percentage. Before that, their overall record was 357-431-23 (.454).

More succinctly, the Eagles have had nine losing seasons during Luries 28 full seasons. In the previous 28 (1967-94), they had 17.

They may not be the leagues gold standard, but the Eagles have been a real football team for most of the last three decades. After beating Dallas to move to 6-0, No. 600 is sweet, but what it could mean down the road is even sweeter.

READ MORE: James Bradberry, Jalen Hurts, and Lane Johnson heroics add up to undefeated Eagles

Wins by coach (top 5): Andy Reid 130, Greasy Neale 58, Dick Vermeil 54, Buddy Ryan 43, Doug Pederson 42.

Wins by starting QB (top 5): Donovan McNabb 92, Ron Jaworski 69, Randall Cunningham 63, Carson Wentz 35, Norm Snead 28.

Wins during ownership (reverse chronological): Jeffrey Lurie 243, Norman Braman 86, Leonard Tose 96, Jerry Wolman 28, James P. Clark 87, Alexis Thompson 41, Bert Bell/Lud Wray 19.

The Packers and Bears each have 785 wins, but the Bears have played 34 more games. The NFL was a little disjointed early on and not every team played the same amount of games in a given season. Next are the Giants (711), Pittsburgh (654), Washington (619) and the Rams (602). Washington, by the way, has a .423 winning percentage (158-216-1) since Daniel Snyder became owner in 1999. It was at .528 before.

The Cardinals (579) and San Francisco (564) should hit 600 in the next few years. The Lions have 571 victories, but God only knows how long itll take for them to win 29 more games.

Even after they both lost on Sunday, the Cowboys (.5718) have the best winning percentage, barely ahead of Green Bay (.5714). Dallas, which joined the league in 1960, is 542-405-6. Since this report is focused on the regular season, well leave it to others to tally up the number of Super Bowl wins and appearances the Cowboys have made this century. Shouldnt take very long.

Divisional rivals will obviously top the list with 88 wins against the Giants, 83 vs. Washington, and 55 against Dallas. The Cowboys had won the last three games against the Eagles, and seven of nine, which makes Sundays win even more critical. All-time, the Eagles are 54-69 against Dallas in-season, 1-3 in the playoffs. This years rematch is on Christmas Eve in Dallas.

Outside the NFC East, the Eagles have 57 wins against the Cardinals, who were divisional rivals from 1970-2001. Their best winning percentage is against the Jets (12-0).

The Eagles also have regularly thumped Pittsburgh, which they will play in Week 8 following their bye week. The Eagles are 48-29-3 against the Steelers (.619). They combined with Pittsburgh in 1943 because of World War II player shortages and went 5-4-1 as the Steagles. Those five wins do not count toward the Eagles 600.

That 1943 team was co-coached by the Eagles Neale and Pittsburghs Walt Kiesling, and it sounded like it was quite an adventure. The story goes that one day Neale instructed Pittsburgh wide receiver Tony Bova on how to execute a certain play. Bova, however, did the opposite. Neale went berserk on Bova, Kiesling screamed at Neale, and that was the end of that practice.

Greasy Neale was a real good coach, an offensive coach, Art Rooney Jr., whose father owned the Steelers at the time, told the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette in 2018. But Walt and Greasy hated each other and never talked after 1943.

The Eagles have won 331 games at home, including 137 in 32 seasons at Veterans Stadium (1971-2002) and 90 in 19-plus seasons at Lincoln Financial Field (2003-22). Other home sites include Shibe Park/Connie Mack Stadium (54), Franklin Field (40), Municipal Stadium (5), Baker Bowl (3), Temple Stadium (1), and Laidley Field in Charleston, W.Va. (1).

Today, the NFL plays games in Europe. Back in 1938, West Virginia must have been considered exotic.

The Eagles faced Pittsburgh, which was led by rookie halfback Byron Whizzer White, the leagues highest-paid player at $15,000. That did not seem to concern Bert Bell, the Eagles owner who was confident his defense would carry the day.

Bill Hewitt and Joe Carter will take care of White, Bell said, according to a 2018 story by Mike Whiteford of the Charleston Gazette-Mail. And [halfback] Dave Smukler will cause the Pirates more trouble than eight tax collectors.

Great line, but Bell was only half right.

Smukler threw two touchdowns, but White ran for 133 yards, including a 79-yard touchdown in the Eagles 14-7 victory.

That win, by the way, was the 12th in franchise history.

Getting No. 601 in two weeks will be somewhat more meaningful since its never too early to start thinking about home-field advantage. It could be a big help in the most consequential number of them all: winning Super Bowl No. 2.

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Eagles notched their 600th regular-season win in franchise history. Which teams have they dominated? - The Philadelphia Inquirer

Yankees playoff history: When was the last time New York reached the ALCS? – DraftKings Nation

The New York Yankees were able to get past the Cleveland Guardians with a X-X win in Game 5 of the ALDS on Tuesday evening. The Yankees will go on to face the Houston Astros in the ALCS, which is set to begin on Wednesday in Texas. Here were going to look at the Yankees history in the ALCS and the last time they made an appearance.

New York was last in the ALCS in 2019, facing the same Astros team. The Yankees lost that series 4-2 and Houston would go on to lose the World Series to the Washington Nationals. This is the third time the Yankees will face the Astros in the ALCS in the past six seasons. New York also lost to Houston in 2017 in the ALCS in seven games.

The Yankees have a pretty extensive history in the ALCS. New York has the most ALCS appearances with 18 (including this season). the Yankees are 11-6 in the ALCS and their most recent win was back in 2009, when they defeated the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim to reach the World Series. The Yankees would go on to defeat the Philadelphia Phillies in the 09 World Series in six games. After 2009, the Yanks also went to the ALCS in 2010 and 2012, losing both series.

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Yankees playoff history: When was the last time New York reached the ALCS? - DraftKings Nation

Snowmass history: How the West Village was won – The Aspen Times

Snowmass PZ acts on West Village plan, stated The Aspen Times on Oct. 18, 1979. Snowmass Planning and Zoning Commission Monday recommended conceptual approval of the West Village planned unit development (PUD) and subdivision plat, but added a list of 20 concerns to be addressed by the developers prior to preliminary approval. The West Village application identifies five sites in the area with potential for future development. Three sites, the Base Village, Woodrun V, and Hoaglund Ranch, are proposed for development under the current application . According to Snowmass Mayor Jack Schuss, one of the key requirements is further articulation of a five year plan for an affordable employee housing plan. In my opinion, the word affordable is absolutely necessary, he said. Other problem areas pinpointed by PZ concern water and sewage requirements, soil conditions, ski capacity, size of the units proposed, and pedestrian access/linkage from the Base Village to the Snowmass Center. Conceptual level is the first of three steps required by the town in the approval process.

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Snowmass history: How the West Village was won - The Aspen Times

Holy Cow! History: The birds that don’t belong here – LimaOhio.com – LimaOhio.com

Autumns annual headache is under way. Starlings are holding their yearly get-togethers around the country. They gather in huge flocks to pass winter by roosting en masse. Were talking thousands upon thousands of birds all hunkered down in one place at one time.

This observation will likely detonate a full-scale nuclear meltdown, but here goes anyway. Starlings are nasty animals. They are to the bird world what street gangs are to humans mean, vicious punks bent on dominating their territory by violently running off everyone else. On top of that, when you have so many birds congregating in one place, their droppings pose a serious health hazard.

But heres the thing: Nature never intended for Americans to contend with this particular pest. Starlings are native to Europe. So, how did we wind up with them here?

Blame it on Eugene Schieffelin.

As is the case with so many things that turn out disastrously wrong, this one began with it seemed like a good idea at the time. Schieffelin was a wealthy, quiet man. Heir to his familys pharmaceutical fortune, he had two passions: Shakespeare and wildlife. And one day he hit upon a bizarre scheme to combine them.

There was a major effort to elevate the lives of the Big Apples citizenry in the closing days of the 19th century. For example, people suggested opening the Metropolitan Museum of Art on Sundays to lure New Yorkers out of saloons. (It didnt work.)

Schieffelin was an avid member of something called the American Acclimatization Society, whose members thought introducing European plants and animals in North America was a good thing. Instead, it unleashed what one writer called biological pollution.

It was an idea hatched in Schieffelins mind that was so utterly preposterous, author Kim Todd called him an eccentric at best, a lunatic at worst. He would fill the trees of New Yorks Central Park with all the birds mentioned in Shakespeares works. (Starlings pop up in Henry IV, by the way.) According to Schieffelins scheme, seeing living reminders of the Bards literature would somehow inspire New Yorkers to open a book and discover literary beauty for themselves. And his family fortune assured him the means to turn that absurdity into reality.

So, he ordered 80 European starlings shipped over from the Old Country. On a blistery cold, snowy morning in early March 1890, he opened their crates in Central Park. The birds, dazed after long weeks aboard a rolling ship crossing the Atlantic amid winter storms, walked out a few steps and just stood there. They seemed lost in a mental haze, unsure what to do in their new home.

Schieffelin finally grew tired of standing around in the cold waiting for the birds to fly off. He ran into them, waving his arms and shouting, Go, go, go! With that, the very first starlings took wing in American airspace. Schieffelin was so dedicated to the project he released an additional 100 starlings in 1891.

The birds were a novelty at first. The public was intrigued by them. In February 1900, a woman wrote a letter to The New York Times eagerly describing a new bird variety that had recently shown up in her neighborhood and wondered if it could be a starling.

But Americas love affair with the newcomer didnt last long. They quickly caused the decline of several other bird types, including the eastern bluebird, the state bird of both New York and Missouri.

Say this much for starlings they have an active love life. From those original 180 birds released in the 1890s, their numbers have grown to more than 200 million in the United States, Canada and Mexico today.

So if your local animal control agency is wrestling with the annual starling nightmare today, a wealthy elitists environmental meddling back then was to blame. Its a reminder that sometimes nature is best left to its own devices.

Holy Cow! History is written by novelist, former TV journalist and diehard history buff J. Mark Powell. Have a historic mystery that needs solving? A forgotten moment worth remembering? Please send it to [emailprotected]

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Holy Cow! History: The birds that don't belong here - LimaOhio.com - LimaOhio.com

How the 1970s US Energy Crisis Drove Innovation – History

The Arab oil embargo of 1973 put the United States economy on the back foot, causing fuel shortages, a quadrupling of oil prices, and long lines at gas stations. Several legacies of the resulting energy crisis have persisted decades later.

The spark of the embargo was the Yom Kippur War in October 1973, whena coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syrialaunched a surpriseattack on Israel on the holiest day on the Jewish calendar. In that war, the Soviet Union resupplied its allies Egypt and Syria, and the United States responded with a massive airlift of supplies to aid Israel.

Members of the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) retaliated with an oil embargo against the United States and the Netherlands, Israels main supporters at the time. The resulting shock to the U.S. economy proved to be a vexing problem for American consumers and a string of U.S. presidents, who struggled to adapt. But it also led to important changes in energy efficiency, policymaking and building designs.

WATCH VIDEO: Early Demonstration of Solar Power

In an April 1977 speech, new President Jimmy Carter proposed the creation of the Department of Energy, one of several policy changes he announced aimed at dealing with the challenge of a vastly changed energy landscape.

The energy crisis has not yet overwhelmed us, but it will if we do not act quickly, the Democratic president said in an address to the nation Both consumers and producers need policies they can count on so they can plan ahead. This is one reason I am working with the Congress to create a new Department of Energy, to replace more than 50 different agencies that now have some control over energy.

Later that year, Carter signed into law the Department of Energy Organization Act of 1977. The new agency put federal energy programs under one roof, and provided the framework for a comprehensive and balanced national energy plan, as the department noted in an online history.

The Energy Department put the U.S. government in a better position to coordinate federal policy in the face of the energy crisis. The department is also home to the Office of Nuclear Energy.

In the 1970s, the Energy Department funded research to create low-emissivity window coatings, which are now found on many clear glass buildings. The "low-E coatings were a direct response to the energy crisis.

The Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, a Department of Energy Office of Science national laboratory managed by the University of California, collaborated with the window industry to come up with energy-efficient windows. The new coatings proved effective in preventing indoor temperatures from overheating in the summer and holding heat in during the winter.

More than half of window sales in the commercial market and 80 percent of sales in the residential market incorporate low-E coatings, according to the Energy Department, which says the technology can reduce energy use by as much as 40 percent.

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A physicist named Steve Selkowitz was instrumental in making this happen.

The concept and some of the materials and patents were already out there, Selkowitz said. But the theory had to be turned into practicemoving from a good idea to viable products and production processes that could be deployed at scale to save large amounts of energy at affordable costs.

According to the National Academy of Sciences, the switch to low-E windows has saved consumers billions of dollars.

There have been a host of other improvements in technology for everyday use, such as advances in energy-efficient lamps and light bulbs.

President Jimmy Carter speaking in front of solar panels placed on the West Wing Roof of the White House, announcing his solar energy policy on June 20, 1979.

Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

The energy crisis also forced U.S. presidents to make energy efficiency and conservation national priorities. Just two months after taking office, President Gerald Ford gave a speech to Congresson October 8, 1974, laying out his plan to curb inflation, which he dubbed Whip Inflation Now, or WIN. His message included urging Americans to conserve energy.

To help save scarce fuel in the energy crisis, drive less, heat less, said Ford.

In a 1977 fireside chat, Carter sported a cardigan sweater and urged people to keep their thermostats at 65 during the day and 55 at night to help ease a winter natural gas shortage.

In his April 1977 speech, Carter warned of a possible national catastrophe unless Americans were willing to make sacrifices that entailed curtailing energy consumption.

With the exception of preventing war, this is the greatest challenge that our country will face during our lifetimes, said Carter.

Carter also took symbolic steps like installing solar panels on the top of the West Wing of the White House in 1979. Many experts agree that Carter was ahead of his time in his focus on renewable and clean energy.

A generation from now, Carter said, this solar heater can either be a curiosity, a museum piece, an example of a road not taken, or it can be a small part of one of the greatest and most exciting adventures ever undertaken by the American people harnessing the power of the sun to enrich our lives as we move away from our crippling dependence on foreign oil."

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How the 1970s US Energy Crisis Drove Innovation - History

One for the history books: Winona girls capture school’s first soccer section title with win over Byron – Rochester Post Bulletin

AUSTIN For Katie Pearce, it was just two years ago when her first season at the helm of the Winona girls soccer program resulted in a 1-9 record.

Never in her wildest dreams could she have envisioned this.

Never did she think that in her third season the Winhawks would be making history like they just did on Tuesday night.

Utilizing their blazing speed and quickness, the No. 3-seeded Winhawks knocked off unbeaten and top-seeded Byron 2-1 to punch the program's first ticket to the state tournament on Tuesday night at a chilly Art Hass Stadium in Austin.

In fact, it's the first state appearance in the school's soccer history (boys or girls) and comes in a season that the Winhawks started 0-4-1.

"We've definitely come a long way," Pearce said. "The girls have worked so hard. We made so many adjustments. It worked. It paid off."

"It just feels surreal," said senior Gwenyth Buswell, who played meaningful minutes for that 1-9 squad. "I mean it doesn't feel real. We're just so happy. I'm so proud of everyone on this team. We've worked so hard to get here. We couldn't have asked for a better game."

It was Buswell that put the Winhawks (12-5-2) on the board, uncorking a wicked right-footed shot from 30-yards out that beat the keeper for a 1-0 lead just 93 seconds into the game. It sent the Winona bench and the Winhawks' faithful into a frenzy.

Yet, top-seeded Byron (15-1-3) stayed calm and found the equalizer on a long shot from Payton Satzke with about 12 minutes remaining in the first half.

The rest of the first half saw good pace and play, but after halftime is when Winona began to control a bit.

Sophomore midfielder Adriana Brenengen was sensational, jump-starting the offense a number of times by dribbling the course of the field after providing support defensively.

Her, Buswell, Faith Quinn and Alivia Bell put tremendous amount of stress on the Byron defense all night.

"We knew that they were quick," Byron coach Jeremy Baumbach said. "We tried to match the quickness in the middle. It was just two good teams going at it. The last two years that we played, it was 1-1 and 0-0. So somebody had to break and unfortunately it was us. Tip of the cap to the Winhawks, they will represent our section quite well."

The Byron back end held up well until they mishandled a clearance attempt about 45 yards out from goal. It was only a moment, but it was all Bell needed.

The eighth-grader displayed impressive speed and strength, fending off the Byron defenders to corral the mistake, before beating the keeper with a well-placed shot. Bell's team-best 16th goal of the season gave Winona a 2-1 lead with just over 26 minutes left.

The lead was safe as the Winona defense was strong throughout.

The Winhawks stifled a Byron team that had averaged over 3.5 goals per game, frustrating the Bears along with prolific scorer Paige Halder. Sophomore Anna Gilmer had a big role in that.

Gilmer was Halder's shadow going wherever she went, becoming an unrelenting pest for the 21-goal scoring Halder.

"We weren't planning on man-marking," Pearce said. "But Anna does such a good job at just being so tight on different players. It frustrates them. ... It frustrated Halder enough where it worked. I think she barely touched the ball."

Byron put threatening pressure with about 10 minutes remaining and nearly found the equalizer when a long shot got caught up in the wind. It nearly sailed over the head of keeper Benna Wells, before the junior batted it down. Yet, the ball was still loose in the box and it seemed Wells almost laid on it with her back, before securing the ball.

It would be Byron's last chance, as the Winhawks were able to ride it out from there and make history in the process.

"It's just an insane feeling," Buswell said. "We really are making history."

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One for the history books: Winona girls capture school's first soccer section title with win over Byron - Rochester Post Bulletin

The Indiana Pacers are bound to make history soon with this move – 8 Points, 9 Seconds

The Indiana Pacers are just a couple of days away from starting their 2022-23 campaign, but the franchise is slated to pull off the inevitable in the near future and subsequently make history in the process.

Historically, the team has operated quite frugally. Since the flip of the century, the Pacers have paid the luxury tax justthrice, a surprisingly low output for a franchise that has been among the most consistently competitive teams in the league, even flirting with the title a bunch of times.

While that may not change in light of Indianas current trajectory, the front office should be in for quite the expense sooner than later, and it all revolves around a single player: Tyrese Haliburton.

Malcolm Brogdon, who raked in $21.7 million last season with the Pacers, holds the record for touting the most expensive deal in team history on a single-year span. Victor Oladipo, who made a flat $21 million in two seasons (2017-2019), is right behind him. Even Paul George topped at only $18.3 million when he donned the Blue and Gold.

All of those figures, however, will seem puny next to Haliburtons potential price tag. Aside from projected significant jumps in the salary cap and tax level around the league, recent player extensions in the league will definitely bolster the cost of extending the young point guard.

Here are the most recent rookie-scale contract extensions in the association:

With Haliburton being an easy bet to out-produce some, if not most of those players in the following campaign, his extension value should easily be along those benchmarks as well, if not more. And the Pacers pulling the trigger on such is a near-certainty, notwithstanding their relatively modest spending history.

If so, then Indiana will be on the trail of history. Herb Simon and co. also wont get to act cute and try to bargain for less, as the up-and-coming star has no reason at all to settle for a discounted deal.

Nevertheless, given Tyrese Haliburtons talent, investing in him will undeniably set the franchise up for the better. Spending big will be a clear message that the franchise is ready to abandon its olden ways.

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The Indiana Pacers are bound to make history soon with this move - 8 Points, 9 Seconds

Ranking the greatest scream queens in film history – The A.V. Club

The Fog (1980) - Official Trailer

Adrienne Barbeau was already a starthanks to her role as Bea Arthurs daughter on Maude and a Tony nomination for originating the role of Rizzo in Greasewhen she took on the mantle of Scream Queen in the 1970s. Barbeau and director John Carpenter fell in love while making the 1978 television thriller Someones Watching Me! and they subsequently collaborated on The Fog and Escape From New York, before divorcing in 1984. Early on, Barbeau established her horror character template: smart, tough, determined, often scantily clad, and no ones victim.

She appeared in Swamp Thing, Creepshow, Two Evil Eyes, and more before emerging as a go-to television guest star, recurring actress, voiceover artist, and series regular in everything from Batman: The Animated Series (as Catwoman/Selina Kyle), Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, and The Drew Carey Show as well as HBOs Carnivale, Greys Anatomy, General Hospital, Sons of Anarchy, and the upcoming Harlan Cobens Shelter. Now 77 years old, Barbeau seems happy to revisit her horror roots, popping up in the recent Swamp Thing and Creepshow series, as well as the films Gates Of Darkness, Unearth, and Hellblazers, plus, quite appropriately, American Horror Stories. [Ian Spelling]

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Ranking the greatest scream queens in film history - The A.V. Club

On this day in 1974, Nate Thurmond made NBA and Chicago Bulls history by recording the first-ever quadruple-double – Sports Illustrated

On this day in 1974, basketball superstar Nate Thurmond completed an amazing feat a quadruple double. This means he recorded double digits in four statistical categories: points, rebounds, assists, and blocks. It is an extremely rare accomplishment, and only four players have ever done it. Thurmond was one of the best players of his era, and this breathtaking performance was just another example of his greatness!

Nicknamed "Nate the Great," Thurmond was a physical specimen. Standing at 6'11" and weighing 225 pounds, he had the size and strength to dominate the paint. He was an excellent rebounder and shot-blocker, using his massive frame to protect the rim. And during the Chicago Bulls' season-opener of the 1974-1975 season against the Atlanta Hawks, Thurmond showcased his all-around skills by putting up an incredible stat line: 22 points, 14 rebounds, 13 assists, and 12 blocks.

While plenty of remarkable feats have resulted in losses, this one was different the Bulls won 120-115. Not only did Thurmond make history, but he also helped his team get a victory.

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Thurmond's quadruple-double was the first ever recorded in NBA history. It would be more than a decade before another player Alvin Robertson of the San Antonio Spurs would duplicate the feat. Robertson had 20 points, 11 rebounds, 10 assists, and 10 steals in a 120-114 win over the Phoenix Suns. Two Hall of Fame centers Hakeem Olajuwon and David Robinson would also later join the rare air of the quadruple-double country.

Thurmond joined the Bulls towards the end of his colorful 14-year career. And while his numbers with Chicago do not jump off the page (7.3 points, 10.5 rebounds, 3.8 assists, 2.2 blocks), Bulls fans will always have that one unforgettable game to remember him by. On October 18, 1974, Nate Thurmond made history.

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On this day in 1974, Nate Thurmond made NBA and Chicago Bulls history by recording the first-ever quadruple-double - Sports Illustrated

The (pathetic) history of the Miami Dolphins on Sunday Night Football – Phin Phanitic

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Sunday Night Football is held for the elites. It is typically the game of the week in the NFL, the marquee matchup that is held under the brightest lights that the league has to offer. If it feels foreign to you to see the Miami Dolphins appear on the SNF schedule, it is because it is.

The NFL has technically been playing games on Sunday nights for generations. The original Sunday Night Football broadcast belonged to ESPN, which carried the program from the late 80s up until 2005. During that time, the Monday Night Football broadcast was typically the game of the week, and the must-see prime time NFL event. That all changed when NBC took over.

The rights to SNF coverage changed hands in 2006, and it quickly became the premier telecast that the league had to offer. It was the first sports program to ever be the most-watched program on network television for any given year, and has been the best of the best ever since.

The league and schedule makers have it in their best interests to show the top teams in the premium prime time slot each week, of course with ratings and viewership in mind. The reward has so often been given to the teams that America loves to watch playing: Patriots, 49ers, Chiefsanyone in the NFC East.

The Jaguars have the least amount of Sunday Night Football appearances since 2006, with a whopping 2. And who might you guess is the team that has appeared the second-fewest times? The Lions? The Panthers? The Texans?

All wrong.

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The (pathetic) history of the Miami Dolphins on Sunday Night Football - Phin Phanitic

Cincinnati Football: Breaking down the Bearcats series history against SMU – Cincy on the Prowl

Since becoming conference opponents last decade, the Bearcats are 5-1 against SMU including a win in the first trip to Dallas in 2014. Make sure to review the all-time series history between the programs before kick off takes place on Saturday at noon!

The first meeting against SMU occurred in 2013 as the Bearcats came away with a 28-25 win at Nippert Stadium. Less than a year later, Cincinnati traveled to Dallas for the first time in program history and quarterback Gunner Kiel helped pull off a 41-3 win.

Each of the next two matchups went to overtime as the road team won both games. SMU survived in a last-second win in 2017 before Cincinnati bounced back with a 26-20 win in overtime as James Wiggins returned the game-winning touchdown in 2018.

The most recent matchup took place last season as Cincinnati blew past the Mustangs 48-14 at home to stay unbeaten. In the latest trip to Dallas in 2020, the Bearcats took down SMU 42-13 to secure the largest win over a ranked opponent in school history.

Even though the all-time series is still relatively new, the conference rivals have played in several marquee matchups and that will resume this Saturday. During a press conference this week, Luke Fickell discussed the history against SMU via Cincinnati Athletics.

We have to recognize were on the road and road games in the league are really difficult. I think the score can be misleading if you look at it from two years ago. It was a battle and it was a hard fought game. In the fourth quarter, they turned the ball over so the score may look a little lopsided. Two years before that, we had an overtime game against them. So its been a battle the last two times weve been there. We have to understand and recognize that. We always talk about the environment that were going to walk into so thats important for us when were talking about the maturity of our team. I dont think theres any one particular thing that we have to do better. Its more just the fundamentals and then be able to adjust.

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Cincinnati Football: Breaking down the Bearcats series history against SMU - Cincy on the Prowl