Fidelity's calculations include premiums, cost-sharing provisions and out-of-pocket costs associated with Medicare parts A, B and D but does not include other health expenses such as over-the-counter medications, dental services and long-term care. "Estimates are calculated for 'average' retirees, but may be more or less depending on actual health status, area of residence and longevity," according to the release.

Intimidating as retirement health-care figures may be, experts say there are a variety of ways to anticipate them in your overall retirement plan and, potentially, reduce them.

Health savings accounts, or HSAs, can be a smart tool, Stavisky said. These accounts, which are paired with high-deductible health plans, have a triple tax advantage: Contributions are tax deductible, grow tax free and can also be withdrawn tax-free for qualified medical costs.

"Given that $275,000 figure, the odds of you having too much money in a health savings account are pretty limited," he said.

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Expect to spend more on health care in retirement even if you're well - CNBC