Lawyers for U.S. Sen. Ron Johnson sought on Wednesday to revive the Wisconsin Republican's challenge to the federal health care overhaul, arguing before an appellate panel that he was indeed harmed by executive rules associated with the legislation.

The oral arguments heard by three judges of the 7th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Chicago centered on those rules, adopted after President Barack Obama's health care reform, which let congressional staffers keep favorable insurance benefits.

The main question for the appellate court is whether the rules harmed Johnson himself in some way, which he must show for the lawsuit to proceed. A U.S. district court judge in Wisconsin dismissed Johnson's suit in July, concluding that Johnson failed to show how rules conferring benefits on his staffers somehow hurt him.

But Johnson's lawyer, Paul Clement, said Wednesday that the rules, among other things, sullied Johnson's reputation in his constituents' eyes because his staffers were getting exclusive benefits others weren't entitled to.

Johnson and other legislators, even as critics of the rules, would still be subject to accusations that "they are being treated better than their constituents" and "feathering their nest," Clement said.

Government attorney Mark Stern responded that there's no precedent to back the view that a damaged political reputation constituted the kind of harm required for a lawsuit to go ahead.

If Johnson prevails, said Judge Ann Claire Williams, an appointee of Democrat Bill Clinton, politicians everywhere might start filing suits on the grounds that adhering to a new law or rule undermined them politically.

"Where do we draw the line?" she asked.

Clement responded that this case is unique because it directly affects the operations of U.S. lawmakers' staffs.

Congress included in the 2010 health care bill a requirement that members of Congress and their staffs move off the federal employee health care plan and into online marketplaces to put them in the same situation as all uninsured Americans.

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Issue on Appeal: Did Health-Care Reform Rules Hurt Senator?