Guest article by Damien Pieretti
African technology founders will likely contribute immensely to the continents economic boom.
From Cairo to Lagos, financial exclusion persists as a socio-economic hardship and a symptom of structural inefficiencies in African economies. Now more than ever, it also reflects opportunities for technology and telecommunications firms to catalyze innovations that expand market access to previously unserviceable customer segments while generating attractive returns for investors.
Recent American and Chinese venture capital transactions in payment solutions exemplify the magnitude of this dual socio-financial opportunity in both developed and emerging economies. In African countries like Egypt and Nigeria two of the continents largest and most mature economies where financial exclusion rates remain orders of magnitude greater than in the US hundreds of funded startups have already begun unlocking the long-term value in almost every sector, especially financial services.
By 2025, Google and the IFC project that Africas internet economy will add USD180 billion to - and account for 5.2% of - the continents annual GDP; by 2050, those figures will increase to USD712 billion and 8.5%, respectively. The Google/IFC report also noted a 2019 peak of ~USD2 billion in VC funding in Africa. However, tech founders here still lack sufficient access to capital, even in financial technology (FinTech), says Dr. Ayman Ismail, a Cairo-based angel investor and university professor.
Why Investors Should Pay More Attention
Recent anecdotal commentary by prominent VCs suggests valuations in the region are likely underpriced. Foreign capital allocators would be wise to examine the inherent opportunity landscape reflected in the digital transformations underway in African economies, starting with Egypt and Nigeria, two of Africas emerging technology hubs.
Even markets as geographically and culturally disparate as those of North and sub-Saharan Africa exhibit important converging success factors, including:
Beyond the medium-term improvements in exit prospects, longer-term liquidity for todays early-stage technology assets could also improve thanks to recent shifts towards Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) principles. Indeed, around USD 40.5 trillion in assets under management now get screened against ESG criteria.
FinTech, particularly payment solutions, has helped by laying down crucial digital infrastructure ... [+] over which further technological solutions can be extended.
Monetizing the Digitization of Egypts Informal Economy
In the span of just a decade, Egypts startup eco-system has evolved from a handful of incubators and pre-seed startups to encompass an expanding universe of government- and corporate-sponsored institutions, independent accelerators, a regulatory sandbox, and local venture capitalists and angel syndicates, all supporting the growth of hundreds of new technology companies each year.
FinTech, particularly payment solutions, has helped by laying down crucial digital infrastructure over which further technological solutions can be extended. Here, the Egyptian government has provided direct support, determined to unlock growth hindered by an inefficient cash-based informal economy amounting to roughly a third of GDP, while two thirds of the population still remains unbankable.
Fawry, a FinTech firm founded in 2008, now operates a nationwide B2B and B2C digital payments platform processing millions in daily transactional throughput while serving 29 million merchants and digital wallet holders. The firm went public in 2019 and currently has a market capitalization exceeding USD2 billion, with two state-owned banks among its largest shareholders. This makes Fawry the fourth largest publicly traded security in Egypt and more valuable than all but two of the countrys 13 listed banks. The Egyptian central bank will have assisted by subsidizing the deployment of 300k point of sale machines across the country.
Egyptian technology companies have clear competitive advantages enabling them to offer liquidity solutions to a growing population of consumers with various working capital challenges, points out Mazen Nadim, co-founder of Foundation Ventures (FV). Capiter, an FV portfolio company, is building out a receivables finance platform to serve thousands of small businesses in Cairo. Like Ismail, Nadim perceives opportunities for technology firms to reduce inefficiencies in almost every sector.
In financial services, this encompasses payment solutions, neo-banking products, as well as nano-lending and wealth management services, to name but a few verticals with recent seed- and venture-round transactions. Furthermore, Egyptian FinTech startups not only reduce financial exclusion, but also create opportunities for local financial institutions to pursue strategic partnerships that improve user experience and lower customer acquisition costs.
Thndr, Egypts youngest licensed securities brokerage, offers a potential example.
Retail asset management services might not seem like a material opportunity today considering the relatively small and illiquid market for publicly traded equities in Egypt. However, the prospect of new primary offerings has already caught the attention of foreign asset managers, while the democratization of capital markets services today likely augurs the emergence of whole new customer segments over the next decade. Egyptian regulators are also supportive of such initiatives which expand financial literacy and well-being, says Amal Enan, Managing Director at Dubai-based Global Ventures (GV).
In a world where technology allows any company to integrate financial services into its value proposition, Enan continues, Egypt is set to close the financial inclusion gap as we see more software and IT companies blending financial solutions into sectors as disparate as healthcare and agriculture.
Foreign investors have a historic opportunity to meet founders in the field and make a fortune.
A Nigerian E-Commerce Unicorn is Just the Beginning
In Nigeria, Egyptian technology firms can find more than a few formidable counterparts thanks to a similar convergence of local talent, government-sponsored initiatives, private infrastructure, venture capitalists and angel investors. Whereas Egypts first technology unicorn originated in payment solutions, Nigerias flagship startup emerged in e-commerce with Jumia, whose NYSE-traded ADRs are now valued at almost USD5 billion.
Nigerian banks, through partnerships in the local"agency banking"network, a key pillar of the central bank's financial inclusion initiative, have arguably kept better pace with digital product offerings than their counterparts in other countries in the region.
Still, a familiar narrative pervades whereby a massive economically marginalized population with high mobile penetration rates creates opportunities for software and telecom companies to lead the digitization of crucial economic sectors like consumer finance, e-commerce and healthcare. Solutions often blend in financial services, as seen with Helium Health (GV portfolio company), a B2C and B2B healthcare technology firm which offers ancillary products like lending and claims processing.
In Africa, says Fernando Cabral, Chief Venture Growth at Djassi Africa, mobile penetration has jumped from around 1% in 2000 to over half the population today, creating inherent competitive advantages for telecoms to distribute mass market financial services. Safaricom, Kenyas chief telecom operator, offers another salient example through its subsidiary M-Pesa which brought mobile money accounts to 96% of the population lifting millions out of poverty in the process.
Macro-economic realities coupled with the catalyzing effects of the global pandemic likely explain at least a portion of staggering financial ratios for Fawry (~250x P/E) and Jumia (~54x P/B), where investors clearly expect their respective serviceable markets to grow substantially.
Beyond IPOs, global technology corporations considering geographic expansion into Africa offer another possible exit ramp for investors in Nigeria and other regional startups hubs.
In Nigeria, Egypts Paymob now has a comparable exit multiple with Stripes USD200 million acquisition of Lagos-based Paystack last October. Both Paystack and Paymob provide merchants with API-enabled payment solutions, and Paymob already competes in markets outside Egypt, notably in Kenya, Pakistan and Palestine. Swvl, an Egyptian VC-backed logistics startup, is a major customer of Paymob and operates in many of the same foreign markets. When asked for his reaction to Stripes corporate buyout of Paystack, Ayman Ismail, Paymobs Board Chairman, described it as a welcome signal.
Challenges, Diversified Entry Ways and Expanding Exit Ramps
Treating the ~USD3 trillion African economy as a monolith would of course ignore its economic and cultural diversity. Nor should digitally native entrepreneurs underestimate technical and regulatory challenges in achieving scale, points out Pam Attebery, HSBCs Head of Innovation in MENA. These challenges include residual gaps in local and regional telecommunications infrastructure.
However, with the African Continental Free Trade Area in effect as of January, African tech startups can expect to compete for a share of larger regional markets. With that, it doesnt take much imagination to see burgeoning startup ecosystems in Egypt, Nigeria or any of the other nine African countries with large pools of professional developer talent, creating a steady pipeline of liquidity events through IPOs and accretive regional corporate buyouts over the next decade.
At the same time, financial innovation on the ground may also diversify opportunities for individual and institutional investors to allocate capital locally through, for example, the democratization of angel finance and emergence of venture debt funds.
It no longer seems to be a question of whether capital allocators should examine Africas technological opportunity landscape, but how they should approach this historic opportunity.
Damien Pieretti
Damien Pieretti is currently a Vice President at HSBC where he manages global affiliate risk and advises the firm on cross-border matters. The views expressed in thisarticleare entirely his own and do not reflect any official stance held by HSBC as a firm on the above topics.
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Why Investors Should Heed The African Tech Startups Devouring Consumer Finance - Forbes