by Ken Alltucker - Apr. 24, 2012 11:17 PM The Republic | azcentral.com

Medical schools in Arizona more than doubled their enrollment in the past decade, but most of those young doctors won't establish a practice in your neighborhood or work at a local hospital.

That is because most students who graduate from Arizona medical schools train out of state, and physicians are more likely to establish careers where they complete their residency training during those pivotal years after medical school.

One key reason that medical-school graduates leave Arizona is that the state does not have enough residency slots at hospitals or community health centers that allow doctors to train and practice their craft after graduating. The shortage has been made worse by a federal limit on Medicare-funded slots, state funding cuts to graduate medical education and some hospitals' reluctance to start or expand training programs.

Medical-school representatives and business leaders say the physician training crunch is an issue that affects health, quality of life and the economy in Arizona, where there is an ongoing physician shortage. With two new medical schools planned, the problem could grow even larger.

"We talk about importing physicians, but we are exporting graduates," said Lori Kemper, dean of the Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine at Midwestern University of Glendale.

Kemper and other medical-school representatives met Tuesday at the University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix to discuss a newly released report funded by St. Luke's Health Initiatives, a health-policy foundation, about Arizona's medical education challenges.

The report shows that Arizona ranked 20th in the nation in medical-school enrollment but 37th in the number of residency slots. The report suggests the state needs to add 848 to 885 residency slots at a cost of $89 million to $93 million to meet national averages.

If medical-school students train in Arizona, they are much more likely to practice medicine here. The St. Luke's report shows that 75 percent of active physicians who graduated and trained in Arizona stayed, while only 28 percent of Arizona medical-school graduates who completed training out of state returned to Arizona to practice.

Most residency slots are paid by the federal government through agencies such as Medicare and the Department of Veterans Affairs. The Medicare program, which provides about two-thirds of government funding for residency slots in Arizona, has capped funding of most new residency slots since 1997. Since then, Arizona's population has grown more than 25 percent.

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Exodus of medical graduates in Arizona stirs concerns