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The Internet, a historically unparalleled source of information and expression, has also become a playground for censorship, punishment and propaganda. Not a day goes by where an individual is not arrested, prosecuted or threatened for the content of a tweet or a post. States are ordering internet shutdowns in times of public protest, elections, and even school exams. Governments enjoy surveillance capabilities that drill deep into the lives of journalists, activists, political opposition, and regular citizens.

These threats, and many others, are typically driven by states, in violation of their obligations to respect everyones right to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, as both the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights provide. While states are undoubtedly obliged to protect human rights online, what are the roles and responsibilities of the companies that comprise the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) sector a multi-trillion-dollar industry that has become an essential pillar of democratic life today?

Last year marked the beginning of an attempt to flesh out the UN Human Rights Councils important recognition that human rights apply online as well as offline. David, the councils special rapporteur for freedom of expression, conducted an initial survey of chokepoints to free expression on the Internet that identified several areas where clarification of State obligations and private sector responsibilities is most needed. This years report follows up by exploring how global free expression is both supported and undermined on the networks that enable us to connect to the Internet the most basic level of the digital infrastructure. The report not only analyzes the role of States, but also the companies that build and operate these networks everything from telecommunications and Internet service providers, to Internet exchange points and content delivery networks, which ensure faster and more efficient exchange of Internet traffic, to network equipment vendors, which build and configure networks.

This week, states and NGOs got a first chance to react to the reports findings and recommendations when David presented them to the council in Geneva the culmination of more than a years worth of study and consultations. Here are five takeaways that we hope States and others address:

Read the full report, which also discusses the erosion of net neutrality, and the human rights impact of standards developing organizations like the Internet Engineering Task Force, and its supplementary materials, here. We are already turning to the next phase of this effort to explore freedom of expression in the digital age, which will focus on content regulation and Internet platforms. A prospectus and call for submissions will be circulated this summer, and we encourage everyone whos interested to engage.

Image: Getty/Omar Havana

Originally posted here:

Freedom of Expression and the Digital Access Industry: Five Key Takeaways - Just Security