About 1 in every 160 children globally has autism spectrum disorder. In the US, the rate is nearly triple, likely due to diagnostic and reporting differences. The developmental disability is often characterized by social, emotional, and communication challenges. It is not something that can be cured, but early interventions, like speech and behavioral therapy, can improve a childs development.
But such human-based interventions can often be expensive or time intensive; many children on the spectrum are recommended to have 20 hours of therapy a week. Traditional one-size-fits-all technology interventions can also be difficult to design; symptoms and behavioral patterns vary widely among affected individuals.
Fortunately, the advancement of socially-assistive robots in recent years has opened up a promising new way for autistic patients to get more affordable and personalized care. In theory, in-home robots could help supplement human therapists by taking over the more repetitive training activities, and AI could help individualize the experience.
Sign up for The Algorithm artificial intelligence, demystified
Now a new study, published in Science Robotics today, has taken an important step in advancing the AI that powers these in-home companions. Maja J. Matari and her team at the University of Southern California created a machine-learning model that uses audio and video data, such as dialogue and eye contact, from autistic childrens interactions with the robot to predict whether they are engaged in a given training activity. If theyre not, the idea is the robot could then react and reengage them to hold their attention on therapeutic exercises for longer stretches of time. During testing, the model reached a 90% accuracy in predicting the childs engagement, despite noisy data and high variability among participants.
Importantly, the study was done using data collected from robots that lived with the children in their homes for a month-long period. Its part of a multi-year research initiative that has sought to examine the impact and advance the capabilities of these companions in a realistic environment. In contrast, most other studies to date have been limited to short time scales and controlled lab settings because of the intensive approval and design processes required to bring such technology in-home.
Participants in the study were asked to regularly play space-themed math games on their in-home companions attached touchscreen tablet. The robot then gave expressive feedback based on performance and the game personalized to the individual over time through a reinforcement-learning algorithm.
While the content of the game focused on math, the main purpose was to teach the kids fundamental social skills through their interactions with the robot, such as turn-taking (is it my turn or the robots turn to talk?) and eye contact (should I look at the robot when Im talking?). With every intervention, a behavioral therapist evaluated the childs social skills before and after, validating the approach for improving them.
Kids need to learn in a social setting, says Matari. But for kids with autism, they dont get enough practice with that. Thats why the robot is important. Many of the children learned to engage with the robot as a friend over time, and improved their empathy towards other peers. Many also folded the robot into their family social circles, and became more engaged with their siblings and parents as well, validating the premise that the robots can improve rather than replace existing relationships. These findings were released in an earlier paper.
The in-home environment proved more challenging than the researchers originally anticipated. Participants sometimes accidentally damaged the robot or moved the camera, causing the collected data to be inconsistent and noisy. Oftentimes, the siblings of the autistic children also wanted to play the games themselves, adding more complexity to the analysis. But the realistic environment also gave the researchers a more holistic understanding of how to design the robots to be more effective. They found, for instance, that all the children decreased their engagement with the robot over time, which ultimately motivated the latest Science Robotics study.
This helps substantiate the positive use of socially interactive robots for children with special needs, says Ayanna Howard, a professor at Georgia Tech who also studies the therapeutic effects of robots for autistic children.
Mataris team is also looking at the minimum amount of data required to train the robots machine-learning algorithms, in order to protect privacy. The hope is that such socially-assistive robots will become affordable, personalized therapeutic companions for autistic children, allowing them to receive more comprehensive care and improve their development.
Read more here:
Robots that teach autistic kids social skills could help them develop - MIT Technology Review
- Robotics Academy - December 14th, 2016 [December 14th, 2016]
- KUKA Robotics | KUKA AG - December 14th, 2016 [December 14th, 2016]
- Robotics - The Great Courses - December 22nd, 2016 [December 22nd, 2016]
- Robotics - reddit - January 11th, 2017 [January 11th, 2017]
- Chatham Robotics Goes Undefeated and Moves On to State Championship - TAPinto.net - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Meridian robotics team gears up for Idaho FRC Regional - KBOI-TV - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Local robotics students headed to World Championship tournament - KOLO - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Report: Nearshoring favors robotics, will require heavy capital investment - Supply Chain Dive - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Belding hosts largest robotics competition in history of event - Greenville Daily News - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- First Tech Challenge: High schools battle in robotics competition - The Journal News | LoHud.com - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Robotics Team Takes Home Trophy at Lego Competition - Patch.com - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- OHS robotics club dazzles McKinley students - Southernminn.com - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Toyota Industries Acquires Warehouse Robotics Developer - Wall Street Journal - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- South High wins Volvo's robotics tournament - Herald-Mail Media - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Belding hosts robotics competition - Sentinel-Standard - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- CMS robotics program soars - SW News Media - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Update On The Megatrend of Robotics - CTOvision (blog) - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- 33C3: Edible Soft Robotics - Hackaday - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Shopping robots on the march in Ocado - BBC News - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Keller students Starstruck on robotics - Fort Worth Star Telegram - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Our obsession with robots keeps getting creepier - New York Post - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Rethink Robotics makes its workplace bots easier to train and redeploy - TechCrunch - February 7th, 2017 [February 7th, 2017]
- Donation will cover costs for Sequim robotic competition - Peninsula Daily News - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- Derby Middle School robotics club competes at high school competition - The Derby Informer - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- Raspberry Pi-powered arm: This kit aims to make robotics simple enough for kids - TechRepublic - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- WPI Robotics Team Has a Mission with Mars | News | WPI - WPI News - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- Rehab robotics field promises to return control, mobility to aging population - ScienceBlog.com (blog) - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- Rethink's Robots Get Massive Software Upgrade, Rodney Brooks So Excited - IEEE Spectrum - February 8th, 2017 [February 8th, 2017]
- Robotics: A robot that flies like a bat : Nature : Nature Research - Nature.com - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Robotics teams at CCS stay busy at tournaments - Imperial Republican - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Rethink Robotics rethinks its software | ZDNet - ZDNet - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Hartland robotics teams take on the FIRST Tech challenge at state competition - LC Sussex Sun - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Home-schooled students studying robotics - Valencia County News Bulletin - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Agility Robotics Introduces Cassie, a Dynamic and Talented Robot Delivery Ostrich - IEEE Spectrum - February 9th, 2017 [February 9th, 2017]
- Memphis robotics team headed to Super-Regionals - New Baltimore Voice Newspapers - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- Patriot Robotics Alliance upsets Brentwood Academy Alliances - Clarksville Now - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- Raptor legs & human hips: Giant leap for walking robots - RT - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- How drones and robotics may shape the future of conflict under President Trump - PRI - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- Robotics teams wins at state meet - The Citizen.com - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- Ford Bets $1B on Startup Founded by Waymo, Uber Vets - ABC News - February 10th, 2017 [February 10th, 2017]
- South Beach robotics squad advances to super regionals - The Daily World - February 11th, 2017 [February 11th, 2017]
- Personal robotics the next technological revolution: Dr Vivian Balakrishnan - Channel NewsAsia - February 11th, 2017 [February 11th, 2017]
- This bipedal robot could deliver your packages one day - The Verge - The Verge - February 11th, 2017 [February 11th, 2017]
- Robotics event offers lesson in teamwork - Lewiston Morning Tribune (subscription) - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Essex County Freeholders Honor Livingston Robotics Club Teams - TAPinto.net - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- College Town: WPI Robotics team aims for $1M NASA prize - Worcester Telegram - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Alice Shaw robotics team building invention to save wolves | Local ... - Lompoc Record - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Ford invests $1B in robotics startup in driverless car quest - CBS News - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Freshman Caldwell team takes first place in Regional Robotics Tournament - Idaho Press-Tribune - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- What went seriously wrong with Lily Robotics - VentureBeat - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Face off: Marion students compete in robotics competition - The Exponent Telegram (press release) (registration) - February 12th, 2017 [February 12th, 2017]
- Robotics Competition slated for Monday - San Angelo Standard Times - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Cornerstone Prep robotics team brings home trophy in first year - MDJOnline.com - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Center Grove robotics team headed to state competition - Daily Journal - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Hundreds piled into a Fort Mill gym. They cheered. They competed. They drove robots. - The Herald - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- My Turn: Arts education paved the way for girls' robotics win - AZCentral.com - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Young Alberta engineers face off in robotics showdown - CBC.ca - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Cougar robotics team advances to Super-Regionals - Times Bulletin - Times Bulletin - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- South Carroll Robotics teams compete at Maryland State Robotics Competition - Carroll County Times - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Cave Spring High School's Robotics Club wins in the First Tech ... - Roanoke Times - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- FIRST Robotics Competition - Wikipedia - February 13th, 2017 [February 13th, 2017]
- Designing robots to look more like ostriches can solve a key problem for our future biped overlords - Quartz - February 14th, 2017 [February 14th, 2017]
- More than 1000 high school students expected to Battlefield HS robotics tournament - PotomacLocal.com - February 14th, 2017 [February 14th, 2017]
- Event to look at Scotland's pivotal role in robotics - The Scotsman - February 14th, 2017 [February 14th, 2017]
- Kennett Coders to compete in NH State Robotics Championships on Saturday - Conway Daily Sun - February 14th, 2017 [February 14th, 2017]
- Are there enough robots? - Robotics Tomorrow (press release) - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Girl Scouts of Southern Illinois robotics team makes state tournament - Alton Telegraph - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Intuition Robotics raised $6 million for its ElliQ elder care assistant robot - TechCrunch - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Richmond robotics team gears up for districts - New Baltimore Voice Newspapers - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Microsoft lets you crash drones and robots in its new real world simulator - The Verge - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Makeblock's Lego-like 'Neuron' teaches kids robotics and code - Engadget - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- West Ridge robotics team maneuvers into national championship - Austin American-Statesman - February 15th, 2017 [February 15th, 2017]
- Immokalee High team set for robotics state championships Friday - Naples Daily News - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- What has Robotics got in store for our future? - RTE.ie - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- Uber Is Becoming a Robotics Company, CEO Says - Yahoo News - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- 3Doodler's new kits help kids craft their own robots - Engadget - Engadget - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- Magnetic Control Could Help Robots Navigate Inside Your Body - IEEE Spectrum - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- Boston's new hub, MassRobotics, is like a WeWork for robotics startups - TechCrunch - February 16th, 2017 [February 16th, 2017]
- 3Doodler announces a robotics kit, Star Trek and Powerpuff Girls ... - TechCrunch - February 17th, 2017 [February 17th, 2017]
- Chart: Are Robots Replacing High-Cost Workers? - Seeking Alpha - February 17th, 2017 [February 17th, 2017]