Elevate Your Leadership and Grow Your Business at Your Clouds Can 2019

Elevate your leadership potential with Futurism + IBM at this unique, one-day-only traveling experience in New York City. Your Clouds Can 2019 is an immersive journey behind closed doors at some of NYC’s most innovative companies working with data-driven cloud technologies.

This is not your typical conference. Your Clouds Can 2019 will deliver the tools and frameworks that drives impact for leaders and decision makers. This isn’t about what you could do, but what you can do. After our full day of visits, discussions, and design thinking workshop, attendees will not only be inspired, but equipped with new tools they can utilize the very next day.

If you’re working in retail, travel, CPG, or B2C products, your takeaways from Your Clouds Can 2019 will be immediately actionable, both in business and leadership. Though every industry can benefit from this daylong conference.

At Your Couds Can 2019, attendees will be guided through experiences at four trailblazing companies actively changing the landscape in their industries. After meeting for breakfast, we’ll first visit CAMP, a new toy store operating at the intersection of commerce, media, and play. Then, we’ll move to LivePerson, and learn how their an AI-powered conversational platform is changing the way consumers and brands communicate. Following lunch, we’ll explore the culture and data-driven decision making at BuzzFeed, and then conclude the conference at Betaworks, a startup platform designing community at their new membership club for builders.

We understand that leadership schedules are hectic. This is why we’ve hand-selected these companies and built no-frills agenda, packed with discussions and real life case studies. Attendees will meet with the CEOs, CMOs, and CTOs of these frontier businesses. Together, we’ll discuss not only the future for tech in business but also how these executives are employing these technologies today, right now. And how you can too.

Attendees will also experience and participate in the IBM Garage method, a unique design-thinking, prototyping, hands-on experience. In this method, clients and participants sit side by side with IBM industry experts, designers, and developers to incorporate user feedback in real time to build solutions in days or hours—and scale them in weeks. This is where the magic happens.

The Garage is about co-creating, co-developing new processes, technologies, and organizations, in real time, with specialized experts.

This is why it’s also important that we are hand-selecting not only our innovation leaders, but also our attendees. Tickets are free but space is limited. When you’re ready, please complete the application here.

After attending Your Clouds Can 2019, you will walk away with the knowledge and real-life case studies that will directly empower your business decisions and give your leadership and edge among your organization and markets.

This is not just an inspirational experience. This is hands-on learning behind closed doors. Level-up with some of today’s most innovative leaders and decision-makers at Your Clouds Can 2019, in NYC on June 5th, 2019.

Futurism fans: To create this content, a non-editorial team worked with IBM, who sponsored this post. They help us keep the lights on. This post does not reflect the views or the endorsement of the Futurism.com editorial staff.

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Elon Musk Ridicules Jeff Bezos’ Plan For Space Colonies

SpaceX CEO Elon Musk said on Twitter that Amazon founder Jeff Bezos' idea for giant off-world space colonies

Space Feud

Amazon founder Jeff Bezos has become increasingly vocal about the idea that humans will eventually live in “giant space colonies” — an idea that’s been widely mocked by critics who’ve pointed out that humans are doing a pretty bad job taking care of their first space habitat, the Earth.

Now, another outsize personality in the space research scene is roasting Bezos: SpaceX CEO Elon Musk.

Makes no sense. In order to grow the colony, you’d have to transport vast amounts of mass from planets/moons/asteroids. Would be like trying to build the USA in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean!

— Elon Musk (@elonmusk) May 23, 2019

Mass Effect

On Thursday, Musk took to Twitter to opine that Bezos’ idea “makes no sense.” The gist of his critique is that space colonies — Bezos favors a design called an “O’Neill cylinder,” which rotates in order to produce artificial gravity — would require extraordinary quantities of materials.

In theory, the fixings for a giant space habitat could be dragged up the gravity well of a planet, like the Earth, but with today’s launch technology, that would be incredibly inefficient.

More likely is an idea Musk alluded to in his tweet: sourcing materials for a space colony from asteroids that have far less gravitational pull than planets — or even building a space station inside an asteroid.

READ MORE: Elon Musk mocks Jeff Bezos’ space colony vision in snarky tweet [Fox Business]

More on space habitats: The Benefits of Colonizing Space: Space Habitats and The O’Neill Cylinder

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Elon Musk Ridicules Jeff Bezos’ Plan For Space Colonies

See China’s Newly Unveiled Maglev Train

China has unveiled a prototype for a new high-speed maglev train that it believes could dramatically cut travel times in the nation.

Fast Track

A new high-speed transportation system is taking shape in China.

On Thursday, state-owned China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation (CRRC) unveiled a prototype for a new high-speed magnetic-levitation — better known as “maglev” — train that could dramatically cut travel times in the nation.

“The prototype has already achieved static levitation and is in ideal condition,” CRCC Qingdao’s deputy chief engineer Ding Sansan said at a news conference, according to a report by China Daily. “We are building an experimental center and a trial production center for high-speed maglev trains and expect to put them into operation in the second half of the year.”

Quick Trip

Instead of using wheels and a track, a maglev train floats on a magnetically powered cushion of air. This reduces friction and allows the craft to reach incredibly fast speeds, like the 430 kilometers per hour (267 miles per hour) top speed of a maglev already in operation in Shanghai.

This new design would be able to far exceed the speed of that maglev, reaching a top speed of 600 kilometers per hour (372 miles per hour). Ding used a theoretical journey between Beijing and Shanghai to show how this could dramatically decrease travel times.

“It takes about four-and-a-half hours by plane including preparation time for the journey; about five-and-a-half hours by high-speed rail, and [would] only [take] about three-and-a-half hours by maglev,” he said, according to a South China Morning Post report.

READ MORE: Prototype maglev train can reach 600 km/h [China Daily]

More on maglev: China Is Set to Start Work on the World’s Fastest Maglev Train

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See China’s Newly Unveiled Maglev Train

New Research: The Oceans Are Slowly Leaking Into the Earth

The Earth's oceans are gradually leaking into the interior of the Earth — though nowhere near fast enough to cancel out climate change.

Drain Plug

The Earth’s oceans are gradually leaking into the interior of the planet.

That’s according to new research by Norwegian scientists, who told New Scientist that the Earth’s water is slowly draining into the planet’s crust — though nowhere near fast enough to cancel out the sea level rises we’re currently experiencing because of climate change.

Rapid Subduction

The new research, published in the journal Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, found that the rate at which the oceans are draining into the Earth spiked about 150 million years ago — when the supercontinent Pangaea split up.

“You have much more rapid subduction when you break up a supercontinent,” University of Oslo researcher Krister Karlsen told New Scientist. “The rapid subduction is crucial for bringing water in hydrated rock deep into the mantle.”

Prognosis

At their current rate, according to New Scientist, the oceans will be completely sucked dry in about 12 billion years.

But that doesn’t mean there’s any cause for concern, the magazine points out: the Sun itself will be long gone by then.

READ MORE: The oceans are very slowly draining into the rock below Earth’s crust [New Scientist]

More on the oceans: Diver Reaches Record Ocean Depth — and Finds a Plastic Bag

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New Research: The Oceans Are Slowly Leaking Into the Earth

Studying the Sun’s Atmosphere Could Make Fusion Power a Reality

By studying the plasma in the Sun's atmosphere, we could learn how to control it here on Earth and finally make fusion energy a reality.

Solar Plasma

Scientists from Dublin, Ireland and Paris, France just reported some amazing observations from a massive ultraviolet radio telescope in central France: they managed to image radio pulses and watch plasmas become unstable in the Sun’s atmosphere.

Plasma is extremely difficult to study and observe. But by studying the plasma in the Sun’s atmosphere — its gases exist primarily in plasma form since, obviously, it’s extremely hot — the researchers say we could learn how to control the plasma here on Earth and finally make fusion energy a reality.

Fusion Control

For fusion energy to occur, you need tightly contained and extremely hot and pressurized plasma inside a reactor. But controlling that plasma is extremely difficult.

“The only problem is that nuclear fusion plasmas are highly unstable,” said Dublin Institute of Advanced Studies professor Peter Gallagher in a statement about the new work. “As soon as the plasma starts generating energy, some natural process switches off the reaction.”

But that’s where studying an abundant source of the stuff in our Solar System comes in handy.

“By studying how plasmas become unstable on the Sun, we can learn about how to control them on Earth,” Gallagher added.

READ MORE: Scientists uncover exotic matter in the sun’s atmosphere [Trinity College]

More on energy: Scientists Have a New Idea to Make a Fusion Reactor Practical

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Studying the Sun’s Atmosphere Could Make Fusion Power a Reality

NASA Just Hired the First Contractor to Build Lunar Space Station

NASA has awarded Maxar Technologies a contract worth a maximum of $375 million to build the lunar Gateway's power and propulsion element.

Sign Here

NASA just picked its first construction partner for the lunar Gateway.

On Thursday, the agency announced it had awarded a contract worth a maximum of $375 million to Maxar Technologies. The Colorado-based spacetech company will now have the responsibility of developing and demonstrating power, propulsion, and communications capabilities for the Moon-orbiting space station — an integral piece of the lunar Gateway project.

Solar Power

According to a NASA press release, the contract begins with a 12-month base period during which Maxar will design the power and propulsion element, which NASA describes in the release as “a high-power, 50-kilowatt solar electric propulsion spacecraft.”

After that, NASA can choose to exercise a series of options totaling 64 months for the craft’s development, launch, and in-space flight demonstration.

Nearing Liftoff

This contract is just the first of many NASA will award during the creation of the lunar Gateway. However, according to NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, it’s an incredibly meaningful one.

“The power and propulsion element is the foundation of Gateway and a fine example of how partnerships with U.S. companies can help expedite NASA’s return to the Moon with the first woman and next man by 2024,” Bridenstine said in a press release. “It will be the key component upon which we will build our lunar Gateway outpost, the cornerstone of NASA’s sustainable and reusable Artemis exploration architecture on and around the Moon.”

READ MORE: NASA Awards Artemis Contract for Lunar Gateway Power, Propulsion [NASA]

More on Lunar Gateway: NASA’s Plan for a Lunar Outpost Just Leaked

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Anonymous Group of 3D-Printed Gun Makers Is Spreading Online

People interested in 3D-printed guns are sharing the files needed to build the firearms anonymously online, according to a troubling Wired story.

One of Many

A global network of gun enthusiasts is using the internet to anonymously share the files needed to 3D-print firearms — and there’s seemingly nothing anyone can do to stop them, according to a newly published Wired story that includes an interview with one of the network’s members.

“If they [the government] were to come after me, they’d first have to find my identity,” a person going by the name Ivan the Troll told Wired. “I’m one of many, many like-minded individuals who’re doing this sort of work.”

Guns on Demand

Guns are, obviously, not illegal in the United States. The issue with 3D-printed guns is that they make it easy for people to circumvent existing gun laws.

Essentially, anyone with access to an adequate 3D printer can go online, download a CAD file for free, and print the parts needed to build a functioning firearm — and “anyone” includes people prohibited from owning guns for legitimate reasons.

Drawing Fire

Ivan the Troll doesn’t seem to see an issue with this, telling Wired that thousands of people across the globe are currently developing 3D-printed guns — and there’s seemingly no magic bullet that could convince them to stop.

“I believe it is inherently important that… you should be able to own a gun,” he said. “You should be able to own the same legal force that the cops are using to control you.”

READ MORE: 3D-printed guns are back, and this time they are unstoppable [Wired]

More on 3D-printed guns: A Court Just Sent a Man to Prison for 3D Printing a Gun

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Anonymous Group of 3D-Printed Gun Makers Is Spreading Online

This Robot Scans Preschoolers’ Faces Daily for Signs of Sickness

Thousands of preschools are using a robot named Walklake that looks for signs of illness by scanning the faces and hands of students.

Dr. Robot

Every morning, children at more than 2,000 preschools in China start their days by facing off with a robot named Walklake.

The bot looks for signs of illness and alerts a teacher or school nurse if it notices that a child might be under the weather, according to a recent New Scientist story. It’s then up to the human to decide whether or not to send the student home for the day — and experts are divided on whether Walklake is a boon for schools or a potential privacy nightmare.

Open Wide

Walklake uses an array of cameras and sensors to check each student’s face and hands for signs of common ailments, such as a fever or irritated throat. The idea is that catching an illness early could prevent it from spreading throughout a school’s population, and it only takes the robot about three seconds to check each student.

“It’s allowing for better health monitoring, especially in places that have large populations but not enough skilled health professionals,” Karen Panetta, an engineering professor at Tufts University, told New Scientist.

Healthy Suspicion

The boxy, brightly colored Walklake looks innocuous enough. However, Joanna Bryson, a computer science professor at the University of Bath, told New Scientist there’s always the possibility that hackers could access the data collected by the healthcare robot.

Still, even she sees the benefits of Walklake in a school environment.

“The robots can be very appealing to kids,” she told New Scientist, “and may make them willing to have their health checked every day.”

READ MORE: Robots conduct daily health inspections of schoolchildren in China [New Scientist]

More on robot healthcare: Bill Gates Funds Tiny Robot Surgeons That Operate Inside the Body

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This Robot Scans Preschoolers’ Faces Daily for Signs of Sickness

Evolution | Definition of Evolution by Merriam-Webster

1a : descent with modification from preexisting species : cumulative inherited change in a population of organisms through time leading to the appearance of new forms : the process by which new species or populations of living things develop from preexisting forms through successive generations Evolution is a process of continuous branching and diversification from common trunks. This pattern of irreversible separation gives life's history its basic directionality. Stephen Jay Gould also : the scientific theory explaining the appearance of new species and varieties through the action of various biological mechanisms (such as natural selection, genetic mutation or drift, and hybridization) Since 1950, developments in molecular biology have had a growing influence on the theory of evolution. Nature In Darwinian evolution, the basic mechanism is genetic mutation, followed by selection of the organisms most likely to survive. Pamela Weintraub

(2) : a process of gradual and relatively peaceful social, political, and economic advance

3 : the process of working out or developing

4 : the extraction of a mathematical root

5 : a process in which the whole universe is a progression of interrelated phenomena

6 : one of a set of prescribed movements

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Evolution | Definition of Evolution by Merriam-Webster

evolution | Theory, Examples, & Facts | Britannica.com

Evolution, theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations. The theory of evolution is one of the fundamental keystones of modern biological theory.

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heredity: Heredity and evolution

centre of the theory of evolution as proposed by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace were the concepts of variation and natural selection.

The diversity of the living world is staggering. More than 2 million existing species of organisms have been named and described; many more remain to be discoveredfrom 10 million to 30 million, according to some estimates. What is impressive is not just the numbers but also the incredible heterogeneity in size, shape, and way of lifefrom lowly bacteria, measuring less than a thousandth of a millimetre in diameter, to stately sequoias, rising 100 metres (300 feet) above the ground and weighing several thousand tons; from bacteria living in hot springs at temperatures near the boiling point of water to fungi and algae thriving on the ice masses of Antarctica and in saline pools at 23 C (9 F); and from giant tube worms discovered living near hydrothermal vents on the dark ocean floor to spiders and larkspur plants existing on the slopes of Mount Everest more than 6,000 metres (19,700 feet) above sea level.

The virtually infinite variations on life are the fruit of the evolutionary process. All living creatures are related by descent from common ancestors. Humans and other mammals descend from shrewlike creatures that lived more than 150 million years ago; mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes share as ancestors aquatic worms that lived 600 million years ago; and all plants and animals derive from bacteria-like microorganisms that originated more than 3 billion years ago. Biological evolution is a process of descent with modification. Lineages of organisms change through generations; diversity arises because the lineages that descend from common ancestors diverge through time.

The 19th-century English naturalist Charles Darwin argued that organisms come about by evolution, and he provided a scientific explanation, essentially correct but incomplete, of how evolution occurs and why it is that organisms have featuressuch as wings, eyes, and kidneysclearly structured to serve specific functions. Natural selection was the fundamental concept in his explanation. Natural selection occurs because individuals having more-useful traits, such as more-acute vision or swifter legs, survive better and produce more progeny than individuals with less-favourable traits. Genetics, a science born in the 20th century, reveals in detail how natural selection works and led to the development of the modern theory of evolution. Beginning in the 1960s, a related scientific discipline, molecular biology, enormously advanced knowledge of biological evolution and made it possible to investigate detailed problems that had seemed completely out of reach only a short time previouslyfor example, how similar the genes of humans and chimpanzees might be (they differ in about 12 percent of the units that make up the genes).

This article discusses evolution as it applies generally to living things. For a discussion of human evolution, see the article human evolution. For a more complete treatment of a discipline that has proved essential to the study of evolution, see the articles genetics, human and heredity. Specific aspects of evolution are discussed in the articles coloration and mimicry. Applications of evolutionary theory to plant and animal breeding are discussed in the articles plant breeding and animal breeding. An overview of the evolution of life as a major characteristic of Earths history is given in community ecology: Evolution of the biosphere. A detailed discussion of the life and thought of Charles Darwin is found in the article Darwin, Charles.

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evolution | Theory, Examples, & Facts | Britannica.com

Ron Paul | Abortion | Pro-Life Profiles

Both the fifth and 14th Amendments create a constitutional right to life for all "persons" as well as a federal duty to protect those lives. Therefore, if the Court were to overturn Roe on the basis that the unborn child is a person, their lives would be protected by the Constitution and this nightmare would be over. However, most legal experts feel that the Court is far more likely to overturn Roe on the basis that abortion is... a "states' rights" matter. That would be an unmitigated disaster for the unborn. We would almost immediately end up with a "patchwork quilt" of abortion laws in which a few states would prohibit abortion altogether, others would allow it in any circumstance, and the vast majority would take some sort of middle path. Given that state lines are freely crossed, this would leave every unborn baby in every state exposed to abortion. It could also guarantee that our great-grandchildren will still be fighting this battle a hundred years from now. when someone claims to be pro-life, he or she is saying that the unborn are persons. After all, there is no other basis upon which to justify the pro-life position. So in light of the Fifth and 14th Amendments, it would be preposterous for the pro-life movement to be working toward a situation where the right-to-life of the unborn is negotiated within the state legislatures. we must always be mindful that until America has a constitutional amendment that affirms the personhood of the unborn from the moment of fertilization, this battle cannot end the Personhood Movement is reminding us of that.

"So if we are ever to have fewer abortions, society must change again. The law will not accomplish that. However, that does not mean that the states shouldnt be allowed to write laws dealing with abortion. Very early pregnancies and victims of rape can be treated with the day after pill, which is nothing more than using birth control pills in a special manner. These very early pregnancies could never be policed, regardless. Such circumstances would be dealt with by each individual making his or her own moral choice." -Ron Paul, Liberty Defined

Ron Paul's legacy is apparent. When politicians run for mayor and they are asked about children being dismembered in the womb they reply that abortion is not a matter of city statute. When politicians run for governor they say abortion is a federal issue. When they run for president they say abortion is a state issue. They pass the buck. Ron Paul style. Paul is teaching a generation of politicians how to pass the buck regarding human rights and the slaughter of the innocent. When Paul makes his moral equivalence argument that just as Roe is invalid, "a federal law banning abortion across all 50 states would be equally invalid," he trivializes the slaughter of millions and shows he has been seduced by legal positivism which is moral relativism in government. Process does not trump principle. Yet Paul undermines the most fundamental moral principles when he claims that abortion is a states' rights issue. There is no right, anywhere, to decriminalize child killing. No constitution can bestow such a "right" and no one and no country nor political subdivision could ever in truth have the right to decriminalize killing children. Because human rights trump states' rights, Ron Paul should not give a false sense of security to a state which legitimizes genocide, suggesting that state should expect to operate free from forceful intervention. To illustrate Paul's bankrupt view of governance, he would have amended the Weimar Constitution to oppose a national ban on concentration camps, and he would have justified this by arguing that such a ban would have been just as invalid as the Holocaust. We urge obstetrician Dr. Ron Paul to humble himself before the greatest Physician, who conceived not only delivery, but reproduction itself. We pray that Paul will acknowledge that process does not trump principle, for no agreement among men could ever justify any part of America tolerating the intentional slaughter of innocent children in the States.

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Ron Paul | Abortion | Pro-Life Profiles

Ron Paul, Author at Antiwar.com Original

Is President Trump about to invade Venezuela? His advisors keep telling us in ever-stronger terms that all options are on the table and that US military intervention to restore Venezuelas constitution may be necessary. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo was on the Sunday news programs to claim that President Trump could launch a military attack Continue reading A Nuclear War? Over Venezuela?Russian gun rights activist and graduate exchange student Maria Butina was sentenced to 18 months in prison last week for conspiracy to act as a foreign agent without registering. Her crime was to work to make connections among American gun rights activists in hopes of building up her organization, the Right to Bear Arms, when Continue reading Why is Maria Butina in Prison?Last weeks arrest of WikiLeaks publisher Julian Assange by the British government on a US extradition order is an attack on all of us. It is an attack on the US Constitution. It is an attack on the free press. It is an attack on free speech. It is an attack on our right to Continue reading Julian Assange: Political PrisonerThis week President Trump admitted what the Washington policy establishment of both parties would rather be kept quiet. Asked why he intervened to block a new round of sanctions on North Korea, he told the media that he believes the people of North Korea have suffered enough. "They are suffering greatly in North Korea And Continue reading Trump Tells the Truth: Sanctions Cause People to SufferLast week Secretary of State Mike Pompeo ordered the last of the US diplomats out of Venezuela, saying their presence was a constraint on US policy toward the country. The wording seemed intended to convey the idea that the US is about to launch military action to place a Washington-backed, self-appointed politician to the presidency. Continue reading Is Trump Really About To Attack Venezuela?President Trumps second summit with North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un last week was criticized by both parties in Washington long before Air Force One even touched down in Hanoi. Washingtons political class seemed terrified that the nearly 70 year state of war with North Korea might actually end. In the end the only positive thing Continue reading Did Bolton Blow North Korea?In a fitting legacy for my friend Walter Jones, Jr. who passed away last week, the US House made history by voting in favor of H.J.Res. 37, a resolution Directing the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been authorized by Congress. As George ONeill wrote Continue reading Walter Jones and the Vote to End US War on YemenLast weeks bipartisan Senate vote to rebuke President Trump for his decision to remove troops from Syria and Afghanistan unfortunately tells us a lot about what is wrong with Washington, DC. While the two parties loudly bicker about minor issues, when it comes to matters like endless wars overseas they enthusiastically join together. With few Continue reading President Starts a War? Congress Yawns. Threatens to End One? Condemnation!Last week President Trump announced that the United States would no longer recognize Nicholas Maduro as president of Venezuela and would recognize the head of its national assembly, Jose Guaido, as president instead. US thus openly backs regime change. But what has long been a dream of the neocons may well turn out to be Continue reading Trumps Venezuela FiascoIm starting to wonder whether President Trump has any power over US foreign policy at all. Many people believe that the US president is just a figurehead, with actual foreign policy firmly in the hands of the deep state. Trumps latest dramatic U-turn on pulling troops from Syria certainly feeds such theories. When President Trump Continue reading Trumps Neocons Reverse His Syria Withdrawal Plan

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Ron Paul, Author at Antiwar.com Original

Inside Ron Paul’s Counter-Convention | Vanity Fair

Last week, thousands of people descended upon Minneapolisthe other Twin Cityfor Ron Paul's Rally for the Republic, a colorful affair heavy on Revolutionary War symbolism. The gathering was meant to serve as a message of revolt to the Republican Party from some of its most disaffected constituents. Just a little more than a cannon's range away from the Xcel Center in St. Paul, where the official R.N.C was taking place, Paul's rally attracted pilgrims from all over the countrysome driving from as far as New York and Alabama, some even walking from Wisconsin, 200 miles awayand ended up having all the energy that the R.N.C. lacked in its halting start. The atmosphere was certainly more informal and the attendees more outr. Compared to the general electorate, Ron Paul believers tend to be disproportionately white and male, but they're also younger and grungier. There's a misfit quality to many of them, and a disagreeable odor to some. Ponytails, mullets, goatees, dreadlocks, and piercings were everywhere. But families also made the trip, a few wearing tricorne hats and other colonial clothing.

The culmination of the rally took place on Tuesday at the Target Center, where a procession of libertarian- and conservative-leaning speakers, including Grover Norquist, Tucker Carlson, and Jesse Ventura, condemned the state of the Republican establishment. ("Socialist" Democrats also took a lashing, though their evilness was so obvious as to warrant less mention.) They also praised Paul's proposals to abolish the Fed, reinstate the gold standard, and immediately withdraw nearly all U.S. troops from abroad. By the time Barry Goldwater Jr. made the grand introduction, 12,000 people had gathered in the arena, and when Paul took the stage he electrified them with a call to action and a hard-hitting denunciation of the Patriot Act, the War on Drugs, national I.D. cards, and executive abuses. Paul is an underrated speaker capable of preacher-like animation, and he was particularly fired up on this night. No fewer than three times did stomping chants of "END THE FED!" break out.Paul is no longer running for president. In fact, when I ask the 73-year-old Texas congressman if he'll ever run for the White House again, he answers, "Oh, I doubt that very much," then adds, "If I was anxious to do that then I would have continued the process, as an independent person or something, because we had a fair amount of momentum." So what was the point of his convention?

The Rally for the Republic was announced back in June, as a way for Paul to make a loud and clear statement to his party as it tried to suppress his and his supporters' views. Paul's campaign said he was not invited to speak at the R.N.C., despite getting 1.2 million votes in the Republican primaries. (Fred Thompson, by comparison, received 286,000 votes and a prime time Tuesday slot.) His followers found themselves cheated at several state conventions when their fellow Republicans bent or broke rules in order to exclude them from the national convention. Clearly, top Republicans had decided that party unity called for keeping troublemakers out of the big tent.

As a result, the G.O.P. may have further incited the Ron Paul revolution. Shortly after the rally was announced, Paul also launched a grass-roots action group called Campaign for Liberty, dedicated to furthering the goals of "individual liberty, constitutional government, sound money, free markets, and a noninterventionist foreign policy." The organization, a 501(c)(4), represents an attempt by Paul to convert the lightning he captured in the primary and convert it into a lasting movement. It will focus on educating and recruiting new leaders at all levels of government, from local precincts on up.

Some 700 activists attended the Campaign for Liberty grass-roots training session on August 31. One trainee told me that three fourths of the people in attendance were either running for office or planning to run for office. It's this level of intense engagement that was perhaps the most striking part of the Rally for the Republic. A goodly number of the Paul supporters I encountered at the concert on Monday night and the blowout on Tuesday told me with calm convictionor slightly unsettling zealthat it was just a matter of time until they sought office, if they weren't running for Congress or state assembly already. And if most didn't have the intellectual capacity of Bill Clinton or the charisma of Ronald Reagan, a few had genuine potential, and most, upon cursory inspection at least, seemed generally free of the conspiracy thinking and fringe lunacy that stalk the edges of Paul's events.

B.J. Lawson may be the most promising example. Thirty-two years old, with the all-American good looks and dimpled chin of a more boyish Aaron Eckhardt, Lawson is a self-identified "Ron Paul Republican" running for Congress in North Carolina's fourth district. He studied engineering at Duke and then received an M.D. before leaving a residency in neurosurgery, also at Duke, to start a company that specializes in delivering clinical information to doctors' wireless devices. His experience as an entrepreneur, he says, led him to start asking questions about our healthcare system, national debt, and other thorny issues.

Lawson faces an uphill battle against 20-year Democratic incumbent David Price but claims his campaign's internal polling gives him reason to be optimistic. (No public polls are available yet.) He has already overcome a challenge by the G.O.P. in his primary. "Honestly, the party establishment worked really hard to get me not to run," he tells me after Monday night's outdoor concert and speech by Paul, whom he introduced. "They actually put up a guy to run against me. A lot of folks thought I was going to get toasted." Pulling out a copy of the Constitution from his coat pocket (he carries one around with him at all times), he says, "We gave away about 10,000 of these things, we had lots of grass-roots support, and we walked away with 71 percent of the [primary] vote." Lawson doesn't call for scrapping the Fed, as Paul does, but he does want to eliminate the income tax, and he shares Paul's opposition to pre-emptive war and nation building. He cites Paul as "definitely my inspiration," explaining, "I'd almost given up hope" before the congressman's presidential bid.

Almost all the Paul activists seeking office for the first time told me they will run again if they come up short this time around. Paul's supporters have both a sense of urgency and the patience to wait until 2012 or beyond to start seeing the fruits of their labor. Many compare their mission to the Goldwater movement, which took years to produce results but eventually left a deep mark on the Republican Party.

Carl Bunce, an affable, talkative 31-year-old Republican with a Kentucky drawl now running for Congress in Nevada's third district, has also been inspired by Paul's example. "If it weren't for Ron Paul," he says, "I'd be sitting on my couch, playing PlayStation or Xbox with my little brother." Nevada's congressional primaries have not yet taken place, and as a newcomer Bunce, who resembles a less obnoxious version of Spencer Pratt, is a distant long shot against Republican incumbent Jon Porter. But he is fearless in criticizing the establishment frontrunner. To him, the Republican Party has become a "country club" of "neocon warmongers," and he takes personal offense at the fact that, as he tells it, elder party figures counseled him to save his money instead of wasting it on a quixotic bid for Congress.

Paul has suffered from a similar lack of respect, even after pulling in more than $6 million in contributions in one day, raising more money from U.S. soldiers and veterans than all the other Republican candidates combined, and drawing as much as 15 percent of the vote away from John McCain in late primaries. Paul owes his very stardom to a defining moment of disrespect during the South Carolina Republican debate in May 2007, when Rudy Giuliani bullied him for suggesting that U.S. foreign policy might have in part motivated 9/11. The anti-war candidate stood his ground with a provocative response about America's meddling in the Middle East and about "blowback"the notion that actions we take abroad have unintended consequences that may harm us down the roadand gained a huge following overnight.

The Republican pollster and strategist Frank Luntz once compared Paul's followers to crabgrass, and that's just one example of the disdain in which they are held by the powers that be in the G.O.P. But is that changing? Paul says that he has been contacted by numerous Republican Congressmen in tight races seeking his endorsement. And The Washington Times reported that the McCain campaign actually negotiated with Paul through the R.N.C. about giving him a speaking slot in exchange for his support and the names of his voter database. (Paul suggests he may make a presidential endorsement later this month and seems to be leaning toward Chuck Baldwin of the Constitution Party or Libertarian Bob Barr.) Appearing on The Colbert Report on September 4, Paul said he could have spoken at the convention if he'd simply given up everything he believed in. (Colbert's reply: "So, just like everybody else. Listen, you want to play with the big boys, you've got to play along.") The McCain campaign would not elaborate on the negotiations when asked by Vanity Fair about them.

As voters grow increasingly tired of the Republican Party's politics and priorities, its foreign policy, and its handling of the economy, it will have to evolve somehow to regain its footing. Several theories on how this can be accomplished are already being debated among conservatives. Should the G.O.P. start listening to Ron Paul? Reihan Salam, an associate editor at The Atlantic, and co-author of Grand New Party: How Republicans Can Win the Working Class and Save the American Dream, believes the coalition Paul put together may be too flaky and heterogeneousand, frankly, not Republican enoughto ever be taken seriously by the party. "A lot of that movement has to do with Goldwater rights, libertarian conservatism, a lot of it is Rainbow Coalition, and maybe half of it comes from the far left," says Salam. "It was a very unusual, quirky collection of lots of people who kind of reject the mainstream of American politics. I think the relationship to the mainstream of Republican politics is not really there."

To Ron Paul's supporters, that might make Salam yet another skeptic to disprove. At least these things are certain: The G.O.P. is vulnerable right now. And the opening salvos of "phase two" of the revolution, as Paul's followers call it, have been sounded. In the coming election cycles, we'll see how his armies fare with him still carrying the banner but no longer leading the charge.

Photograph by Keith Bedford/Bloomberg News/Landov

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Ron Paul: Julian Assange, Political Prisoner OpEd Eurasia …

Last weeks arrest of Wikileaks publisher Julian Assange by the Britishgovernment on a US extradition order is an attack on all of us. It is anattack on the US Constitution. It is an attack on the free press. It isan attack on free speech. It is an attack on our right to know what ourgovernment is doing with our money in our name. Julian Assange is everybit as much a political prisoner as was Cardinal Mindszenty in Hungaryor Nelson Mandela in South Africa.

They, and so many more, were imprisoned because they told the truth about their governments.

Repressivegovernments do not want their citizens to know that they are up to sothey insist on controlling the media. We are taught, at the same time,that we have a free press whose job it is to uncover the corruption inour system so that we can demand our political leaders make some changesor face unemployment. That, we are told, is what makes us differentfrom the totalitarian.

The arrest of Assange is a canary in a coal mine to warn us that something is very wrong with our system.

Whatswrong? The US mainstream media always seems to do the bidding of the USgovernment. That is why they rushed to confirm Washingtons claim thatthe Assange indictment was not in any way about journalism. It was onlyabout hacking government computers!

As the New York Times said inan editorial, sounding like a mouthpiece of the US government, JulianAssange committed an indisputable crime. But was it? As actualjournalist Glenn Greenwald wrote last week, what Julian Assange did in2010, for which he is facing extradition to the US, is no different fromwhat New York Times and other journalists do every day! He attempted tohelp Chelsea Manning shield his identity as he blew the whistle on USgovernment crimes to a publisher. The information in question included avideo showing US military personnel participating in and cheering themurder of Iraqi civilians. Why is it criminal for us to know this?

Thedifference is that what Assange and Manning did embarrassed the USgovernment, which was lying to us that it was liberating Iraq andAfghanistan when it was actually doing the opposite. Mainstreamjournalists publish leaks that help bolster the neocon or other vestednarratives of the different factions of the US government. Thats whythe US media wants to see Assange in prison, or worse: he upset theirapple cart.

The lesson is clear: when you bolster thegovernments narrative you are a brave journalist. When you exposecorruption in government you are a criminal. Do we really want to livein a country where it is illegal to learn that our government is engagedin criminal acts? I thought we had an obligation as an engagedcitizenry to hold our government accountable!

As long as JulianAssange is in prison, we are all in prison. When the government has thepower to tell us what we we allowed to see, hear, and know, we no longerlive in a free society. Julian Assange will be extradited to the US andhe will have dozens of charges piled on. They want him to disappear sothat the next Assange will think twice before informing us of ourgovernments crimes. Are we going to let them steal our freedom?

This article was published by RonPaul Institute.

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Ron Paul: Julian Assange, Political Prisoner OpEd Eurasia ...

The Dollar Is Going to Self Destruct: Talking Bitcoin With …

Dr. Ron Paul was into sound money before it was cool.

Before he became an initiate in the Austrian school of economics, he served as a flight surgeon in the United States Airforce and as a private practice OBGYN in Texas. Proselytized by the works of Ludwig von Mises and Ayn Rand, Paul decided to run for Congress in the 70s following the termination of the Bretton Woods agreement an international pact that was the dollar's final, albeit tentative, tie to the gold standard.

Nixons decision to withdraw from this agreement would have lasting consequences on U.S. monetary policy and Dr. Paul launched his political career as a crusade against these changes and the danger he saw in the fiat economy that they created. In his on-again-off-again career as a politician which included Texas Congressional Representative terms from 1976 to 1977, 1979 to 1985 and 1997 to 2013 as well as presidential runs in 2008 and 2012 the godfather of the modern right-wing Libertarian movement made a name for himself with his zealous advocacy of the gold standard and his uncompromising critique of the Federal Reserve and the hazards of its monetary policy.

As a fledgling congressman, his position on the House Banking Committee gave him a platform to disseminate his Austrian ideals. Today, his 2009 bestseller End the Fed and his 2012 presidential run can be seen as career capstones which also encapsulated the core tenets of his political philosophy: liberty, revolution and sound money.

Its not shocking, then, that Ron Paul is privy to Bitcoin. He and his son, former presidential candidate and Kentucky Senator Rand Paul, accept bitcoin for their political foundation.

Dr. Paul attended this years Consensus conference as a guest of the Digital Asset Policy Network (DAPNet), a cryptocurrency policy and lobbying non-proft led by veteran campaign manager Jesse Benton and Bitcoin Center Founder Nick Spanos. During the conference, Bitcoin Magazine sat down with Dr. Paul to discuss his views on bitcoin as a disruptive and sovereign asset. Our conversation showed that gold bugs have more in kind with bitcoiners than not (and its also a good reminder that bitcoin is not age specific not every old bull is a salty no-coiner la Warren Buffet).

When did you first learn about bitcoin and what were your initial reservations with it?

There was no one time where I read an article and it struck me. I just heard a little about it, but I didnt pay too much attention to it. And then I finally got interested enough to watch what it was doing in the marketplace I love to watch markets and, you know, down to $0 up to $20,000, that was sort of fascinating. What does this mean? Im still trying to figure out what the endpoint is.

So that got me interested, and then I looked at the technology and Im not a computer person. If I had to explain blockchain technology, I wouldnt do well. Im interested in the issue of alternative currencies, Im interested in what happens when the market crashes and Im interested in preserving an environment where people can have alternative ideas that might help solve the problems we have. I think thats what bitcoin offers: an alternative. I want a free marketplace.

Ive heard you mention free markets in relation to bitcoin, in an interview with CoinDesk, for instance. I want to ask you about Congressman Shermans remarks on a ban of cryptocurrencies. What do you think this signals for Congress? Do you think were going to see hostility?

There will be hostility but it will be more dignified. They will work behind the scenes and put in roadblocks if they can. The more successful that cryptos are, the more the government will get involved. There are people like Sherman, but they wont be talking like that. I dont think that he has the clout since hes over the top. Theyre not [going to] all of a sudden pass this; I dont even think hell introduce a bill. It wont be a movement, it just got everyones attention.

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Do you think Congress is paying more attention to these things than its letting on? Because weve seen some incompetency from Congress when it comes to technical topics.

No, I dont think there are many [people in Congress] who are more knowledgeable than I am and [theyre] much less interested in the principles of the marketplace. And theyre less in agreement that big problems lie ahead, so they have less interest in Bitcoin. I dont think that if you did a poll for Congress about whether to ban it or tax it, they probably havent thought it through. Republicans I would think would tend more to be very tolerant, but lovers of big government like Brad Sherman they know what is going on. His reaction, his emotions are his belief, because he can see what could happen to the Federal Reserves monopoly over the monetary system. You cant allow people to talk about using alternative currencies. Usually, we punish people for that.

To your point toward the end there, it seems like Sherman has thought it through. Because if you listen to his argument, he basically says cryptocurrency poses a threat to the dollars dominance and the U.S.s international commerce.

That tells you a lot. Hes speaking for the deep state establishment, military people and everyone else in the banking system. Hes representing their position that You dont mess with the dollar. But I dont worry about that because the dollar is going to self-destruct.

Yeah, I want to touch on that. In End the Fed, you speak of the dollar like a ticking time bomb just waiting to go off. What do you think could accelerate it and do you see crypto acting as a sort of hedge as weve seen with gold and silver at times of market volatility?

I would think so, but someone else needs to answer that question. I just want to make sure that theres allowed to be a hedge. In our country, for a lot of years, we werent allowed to own gold as a hedge. I think that there are a lot of time bombs. We have difficulty figuring out what our foreign policy is. You know, the on-again-off-again with Syria and North Korea, Iran.

The John Boltons and Abrahams of the world and the senators that are wild as long as they are in charge, a bad accident can happen or a bad judgement made. That could change everything. That could change the dollar system; it could change the stock market.

In End the Fed, you talk about a financial crisis that is worse than in 2008 to 2009. Do you think that were starting to see the foundations shake? Is the writing on the wall?

I think so, but its been there a long time. I decided that this trend was established with our announcement that we no longer could honor the dollar. Which was really an announcement of bankruptcy, and its been steadily building up the problem. And the trust in the dollar has allowed the bubble to get bigger. Its held together for a long time and thats just going to make the crash worse.

Im glad you mentioned the word bubble because that gets thrown around a lot in this industry. What would you say about the volatility of bitcoin when taken in kind with the devaluation of the dollar through inflation?

Theres going to be volatility. The dollar is going to be volatile. You have the supply and demand of the dollar: how many people really want to use it versus how fast theyre printing the money. A lot of people look at prices in terms of supply and demand but they dont look at the purchasing power of the dollar, which is hard to calculate. The thing that I realized in 1971 was that, since Nixon took us off the gold standard, this is a different world. Now, we have the digital currencies and I think theyll follow the same economic laws, but there is going to be a subjective element to it. You cant deny that there was some subjectivity when bitcoin hit $20,000. But does that mean its worthless? No, I dont think so things do that. This is new, so its going to have ups and downs.

If we see a threat to it, when someone comes along and says, We need a law to ban cryptocurrencies to get rid of this uncertainty. That to me is going to be around and its going to be a lot worse.

Do you think that the best way to regulate this is to not regulate it at all? Or do you think that theres a way to let these bitcoin and blockchain companies grow organically while providing investor protections?

I believe in regulation and that it has to be strict, but who are the regulators? Ever since the Depression, weve had hundreds of thousands of rules and regulations regulating the financial system and yet we still had 2009. It didnt do any good. And then when they decided that they need to save the system, they went hog wild rewarding the people who had already been ripping us off: the mortgage companies. And the people who lost their mortgages didnt get rescued.

I want to return to gold really quickly. Have you seen Grayscales Drop Gold campaign? It is trying to make gold obsolete and replace it with bitcoin, which it says is a digital alternative.

Well, theyre missing the whole point. If its obsolete, the market will declare it obsolete. But in a crisis, even if people are using bitcoin in a crisis, gold is going to be used. Id think that youd be a very wealthy person if you had a bag of gold coins in Venezuela.

Bitcoin has gone on an insane uptrend recently while the DOW, S&P and other traditional markets are trending downward. Do you think that its a little bit early to say this shows a decoupling from traditional markets?

Yes, I think its too early to tell. I dont think anybody knows. Its hard to say, but theres obviously enough confidence in bitcoin for people to go and buy it. But did you have one million buyers or 15 buyers? That could be pretty important.

Last question: Do you own any bitcoin?

Do I own any bitcoin? No. We accept bitcoin at our foundation, but we immediately convert it because we need to pay our bills.

This article originally appeared on Bitcoin Magazine.

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The Dollar Is Going to Self Destruct: Talking Bitcoin With ...

ecosystem | Definition, Components, & Structure …

Ecosystem, the complex of living organisms, their physical environment, and all their interrelationships in a particular unit of space.

Read More on This Topic

conservation: The loss of ecosystems

) Conservation justifiably prioritizes tropical moist forests (see tropical forest) because they hold such a large fraction

A brief treatment of ecosystems follows. For full treatment, see biosphere.

Britannica Quiz

Ecosystems

Mangrove forests are found along the borders of high-elevation deserts.

An ecosystem can be categorized into its abiotic constituents, including minerals, climate, soil, water, sunlight, and all other nonliving elements, and its biotic constituents, consisting of all its living members. Linking these constituents together are two major forces: the flow of energy through the ecosystem, and the cycling of nutrients within the ecosystem.

The fundamental source of energy in almost all ecosystems is radiant energy from the Sun. The energy of sunlight is used by the ecosystems autotrophic, or self-sustaining, organisms. Consisting largely of green vegetation, these organisms are capable of photosynthesisi.e., they can use the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple, energy-rich carbohydrates. The autotrophs use the energy stored within the simple carbohydrates to produce the more complex organic compounds, such as proteins, lipids, and starches, that maintain the organisms life processes. The autotrophic segment of the ecosystem is commonly referred to as the producer level.

Organic matter generated by autotrophs directly or indirectly sustains heterotrophic organisms. Heterotrophs are the consumers of the ecosystem; they cannot make their own food. They use, rearrange, and ultimately decompose the complex organic materials built up by the autotrophs. All animals and fungi are heterotrophs, as are most bacteria and many other microorganisms.

Together, the autotrophs and heterotrophs form various trophic (feeding) levels in the ecosystem: the producer level, composed of those organisms that make their own food; the primary consumer level, composed of those organisms that feed on producers; the secondary consumer level, composed of those organisms that feed on primary consumers; and so on. The movement of organic matter and energy from the producer level through various consumer levels makes up a food chain. For example, a typical food chain in a grassland might be grass (producer) mouse (primary consumer) snake (secondary consumer) hawk (tertiary consumer). Actually, in many cases the food chains of the ecosystem overlap and interconnect, forming what ecologists call a food web. The final link in all food chains is made up of decomposers, those heterotrophs that break down dead organisms and organic wastes. A food chain in which the primary consumer feeds on living plants is called a grazing pathway; that in which the primary consumer feeds on dead plant matter is known as a detritus pathway. Both pathways are important in accounting for the energy budget of the ecosystem.

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ecosystem | Definition, Components, & Structure ...

ecosystem | National Geographic Society

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms. Abiotic factors include rocks, temperature, and humidity.

Every factor in an ecosystem depends on every other factor, either directly or indirectly. A change in the temperature of an ecosystem will often affect what plants will grow there, for instance. Animals that depend on plants for food and shelter will have to adapt to the changes, move to another ecosystem, or perish.

Ecosystems can be very large or very small. Tide pools, the ponds left by the ocean as the tide goes out, are complete, tiny ecosystems. Tide pools contain seaweed, a kind of algae, which uses photosynthesis to create food. Herbivores such as abalone eat the seaweed. Carnivores such as sea stars eat other animals in the tide pool, such as clams or mussels. Tide pools depend on the changing level of ocean water. Some organisms, such as seaweed, thrive in an aquatic environment, when the tide is in and the pool is full. Other organisms, such as hermit crabs, cannot live underwater and depend on the shallow pools left by low tides. In this way, the biotic parts of the ecosystem depend on abiotic factors.

The whole surface of Earth is a series of connected ecosystems. Ecosystems are often connected in a larger biome. Biomes are large sections of land, sea, or atmosphere. Forests, ponds, reefs, and tundra are all types of biomes, for example. They're organized very generally, based on the types of plants and animals that live in them. Within each forest, each pond, each reef, or each section of tundra, you'll find many different ecosystems.

The biome of the Sahara Desert, for instance, includes a wide variety of ecosystems. The arid climate and hot weather characterize the biome. Within the Sahara are oasis ecosystems, which have date palm trees, freshwater, and animals such as crocodiles. The Sahara also has dune ecosystems, with the changing landscape determined by the wind. Organisms in these ecosystems, such as snakes or scorpions, must be able to survive in sand dunes for long periods of time. The Sahara even includes a marine environment, where the Atlantic Ocean creates cool fogs on the Northwest African coast. Shrubs and animals that feed on small trees, such as goats, live in this Sahara ecosystem.

Even similar-sounding biomes could have completely different ecosystems. The biome of the Sahara Desert, for instance, is very different from the biome of the Gobi Desert in Mongolia and China. The Gobi is a cold desert, with frequent snowfall and freezing temperatures. Unlike the Sahara, the Gobi has ecosystems based not in sand, but kilometers of bare rock. Some grasses are able to grow in the cold, dry climate. As a result, these Gobi ecosystems have grazing animals such as gazelles and even takhi, an endangered species of wild horse.

Even the cold desert ecosystems of the Gobi are distinct from the freezing desert ecosystems of Antarctica. Antarcticas thick ice sheet covers a continent made almost entirely of dry, bare rock. Only a few mosses grow in this desert ecosystem, supporting only a few birds, such as skuas.

Threats to Ecosystems

For thousands of years, people have interacted with ecosystems. Many cultures developed around nearby ecosystems. Many Native American tribes of North Americas Great Plains developed a complex lifestyle based on the native plants and animals of plains ecosystems, for instance. Bison, a large grazing animal native to the Great Plains, became the most important biotic factor in many Plains Indians cultures, such as the Lakota or Kiowa. Bison are sometimes mistakenly called buffalo. These tribes used buffalo hides for shelter and clothing, buffalo meat for food, and buffalo horn for tools. The tallgrass prairie of the Great Plains supported bison herds, which tribes followed throughout the year.

As human populations have grown, however, people have overtaken many ecosystems. The tallgrass prairie of the Great Plains, for instance, became farmland. As the ecosystem shrunk, fewer bison could survive. Today, a few herds survive in protected ecosystems such as Yellowstone National Park.

In the tropical rain forest ecosystems surrounding the Amazon River in South America, a similar situation is taking place. The Amazon rain forest includes hundreds of ecosystems, including canopies, understories, and forest floors. These ecosystems support vast food webs.

Canopies are ecosystems at the top of the rainforest, where tall, thin trees such as figs grow in search of sunlight. Canopy ecosystems also include other plants, called epiphytes, which grow directly on branches. Understory ecosystems exist under the canopy. They are darker and more humid than canopies. Animals such as monkeys live in understory ecosystems, eating fruits from trees as well as smaller animals like beetles. Forest floor ecosystems support a wide variety of flowers, which are fed on by insects like butterflies. Butterflies, in turn, provide food for animals such as spiders in forest floor ecosystems.

Human activity threatens all these rain forest ecosystems in the Amazon. Thousands of acres of land are cleared for farmland, housing, and industry. Countries of the Amazon rain forest, such as Brazil, Venezuela, and Ecuador, are underdeveloped. Cutting down trees to make room for crops such as soy and corn benefits many poor farmers. These resources give them a reliable source of income and food. Children may be able to attend school, and families are able to afford better health care.

However, the destruction of rain forest ecosystems has its costs. Many modern medicines have been developed from rain forest plants. Curare, a muscle relaxant, and quinine, used to treat malaria, are just two of these medicines. Many scientists worry that destroying the rain forest ecosystem may prevent more medicines from being developed.

The rain forest ecosystems also make poor farmland. Unlike the rich soils of the Great Plains, where people destroyed the tallgrass prairie ecosystem, Amazon rain forest soil is thin and has few nutrients. Only a few seasons of crops may grow before all the nutrients are absorbed. The farmer or agribusiness must move on to the next patch of land, leaving an empty ecosystem behind.

Rebounding Ecosystems

Ecosystems can recover from destruction, however. The delicate coral reef ecosystems in the South Pacific are at risk due to rising ocean temperatures and decreased salinity. Corals bleach, or lose their bright colors, in water that is too warm. They die in water that isnt salty enough. Without the reef structure, the ecosystem collapses. Organisms such as algae, plants such as seagrass, and animals such as fish, snakes, and shrimp disappear.

Most coral reef ecosystems will bounce back from collapse. As ocean temperature cools and retains more salt, the brightly colored corals return. Slowly, they build reefs. Algae, plants, and animals also return.

Individual people, cultures, and governments are working to preserve ecosystems that are important to them. The government of Ecuador, for instance, recognizes ecosystem rights in the countrys constitution. The so-called Rights of Nature says Nature or Pachamama [Earth], where life is reproduced and exists, has the right to exist, persist, maintain and regenerate its vital cycles, structure, functions and its processes in evolution. Every person, people, community or nationality, will be able to demand the recognitions of rights for nature before the public bodies. Ecuador is home not only to rain forest ecosystems, but also river ecosystems and the remarkable ecosystems on the Galapagos Islands.

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ecosystem | National Geographic Society

Ecosystem – Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a system which is formed when a community of organisms interacts with the environment.

An ecosystem is basically an organism community which interacts with one another and their environment in such a way that energy is transferred between them and system-level processes like the cycle of elements emerge.

The ecosystem is the core concept in Ecology and Biology, and serves as the building block of biological organization where organisms interact with each other simultaneously and with the environment as well. Therefore, ecosystems are a step after the ecological community level ( in which organisms of different species interact with one another) and are at a stage below or equal to the biosphere and biomes. Essentially, they are regional ecosystems, while the biosphere is larger than all the possible ecosystems.

Ecosystems include the living organisms alonside the dead organic matter which they produce, the abiotic environment which these organisms inhabit and exchange elements, for example, soils, water, the atmosphere, etc, and the interactions with the components. Ecosystems follow the concept that the living organisms must continually interact with one another and with their environment to create complex systems with different emergent properties, like that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" or "everything is connected".

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Ecosystem - Ecosystem

Redheads, redhead gallery, hot redheads, sexy redheads

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Redheads, redhead gallery, hot redheads, sexy redheads

7 Reasons Why Transhumanism is the Greatest Threat to the …

A number of people see transhumanism and artificial intelligence as a way of upgrading humans, rather like a software programme needing im...

by Paul A Philips

Some proponents go as far as to say that it will in time lead us into having extraordinary capabilities beyond our present imagination

Arguably, these people are not interested in the current state of the human species, ignoring those inherent qualities we already have.

In light of this, here are 7 disturbing reasons explaining why transhumanism is said to be the greatest threat to the human race and what needs to be done to prevent it.

1. Mass exploitation for world takeover

In their power-mad pursuits, prepared to spend countless millions, the ruling elite see transhumanism technology as a way to becoming immortal godlike beings.

Like most advanced technologies, they will continue to develop transhumanism for their own selfish benefit and as a means of mass exploitation for world takeover.

However, what they dont realize is that we humans are already powerful godlike beings. The next level or transformation comes from the consequences of the realization of this.

2. Loss of spirituality

While accepting transhumanism technology without discernment, seen purely as beneficial or enhancing through cybernetics, genetic changes, mind-altering drugs, robotizing, bionics, micro-chipping and nano-technology there is a serious risk of humans losing their power through a loss of spiritual connection to God/ Goddess/ All-There-Is: Infinite possibility, infinite wisdom, infinite love.

- If this happens en masse, becoming robots, humans will lose their ability to do anything significant against the ruling elites control system. For the ruling elite this would be the ultimate got you where we want you human race.

3. Loss of humanity

As a consequence of 2, as we become dehumanized empty shells, those human qualities of empathy, compassion, generosity, kindness, caring and sharing would be lost.

This would lead to disastrous consequences: It is love that makes the world go around.

Similarly, as James Corbett said, Only love will defeat the New World Order.

4. Controlling

In summary of 1-3 dont fall for the ruse: While its great, for example, that lost limbs can be effectively replaced by the technology, ultimately, transhumanism is a way of controlling the people, while masquerading solely as beneficial or enhancing.

The creation of the hive mind through transhumanism and technocracy has long been on the ruling elites controlling agenda. The hive mind is flawed in that it does not address humans as individuals.

When push comes to shove, with all their individual needs and self-expressions humans are bound to revolt against the technocrats hive mind control system

5. Mass surveillance

Take the use of micro-chipped pills to monitor drug dosage control in patients as an example of mass surveillance.

The micro-chips in the pills could be used for other darker purposes such as mood altering and mind reading during the surveillance, activated from a central control location using computers.

Mass mind controlling through surveillance is high on the technological autocrats wish list

6. Some serious health threats

Theres the disturbing case of vaccines capable of changing our DNA. The vaccine introduced into our bodies contains live viruses. These viruses can incorporate into our host cells DNA and thus alter our genetic composition and gene expression.

A deeply concerning health issue is the recent push for vaccinating pregnant women, which has to stop. If you are pregnant or know anyone who is then please circulate the following or other similar pieces.

Going beyond the mother's placental barrier, the vaccines have shown to cause brain damaging alterations in the developing foetus through their toxicity.

This also causes foetal inflammation. With further vaccinations after birth and drug treatment such as paracetamol to try and reduce the infant's inflammation, the brain-damaging continues:

It causes further alterations in the brains structural development, mainly affecting the pre-frontal cortex the front area responsible for cognitive (thought) processes and the animalistic limbic system a region of the hindbrain affecting emotion.

The 3rd important part of the brain also affected is the anterior cingulate cortex (sorry about the jargon) which acts as a relay station allowing connections between the pre-frontal cortex and limbic system.

Damage and mal-development of these 3 brain structures results in a number of disorders such as autism

Consequently, the childs ability to express its humanity through empathy is seriously under threat and may be irretrievably lost. Consider the implications for this.

For more on this heres Richie Allen interviewing consultant doctor Graham Downing:

In the silent war on humanity transhumanist stealth weapons exist in many forms.

Examples include: Psychotronic, scalar, genetic, magnetic, implanting, energy directing and chemtrail weapons... Then there are the mandatory vaccines developed by US military technology and Bill Gates.

Taking the case of chemtrail weapons, large human populations continue to be infected with nano-bot nano-technology through aerosol spraying without them knowing.

Whether you like it or not the purpose of this technology is to give your DNA a nano-bot refurbishment.

- Put simply, most people dont know about these technologies and that they are being forced on us for the ultimate goal of total control.

Imagine, at some data collecting control centre consisting of super-computers, like the sci-fi film Minority Report, your behaviour could be predicted or detected. If, for example, youve been found to be involved in government overthrow then you could face dire consequences

Solutions

The war on humanity and indeed our very existence as a species is seriously under threat through the ruling elites transhumanist agenda for total worldwide control. However, there are powerful solutions.

Why not get active by spreading the word? Let people know about the disturbing transhumanism agenda to raise awareness. Write blogs, form email groups, give slideshow presentations, use the social media, and send letters to relevant authorities demanding accountability whatever it takes.

A word of advice: You may find it easier to get this subject across to others by simply saying Its being done for profit rather than coming from the point of view that Its an agenda At least, this is what I have found.

One authoritative body dealing with the transhumanism agenda and its manipulative, unethical, non-consensual experimentation on humans, violating rights, is the European Coalition Against Covert Harassment (EUCACH).

One of EUCACHs goals has been to pressure the European Union to enforce a ban on transhumanist tech weapons.

In spite of their control the ruling elite only have a false power in an illusory world. The real power resides with us: It exists in how we choose to direct our consciousness. -This cannot be taken away from us.

Evidence has shown that making choices related to the development of humanity changes our DNA.

The illusory world is here for you to use it, not the other way around where youre a victim. A shift in mass consciousness to co-create an evolved humanity will overturn the ruling elites control system.

As mentioned earlier, we humans are already powerful godlike beings. The next level or transformation comes from the consequences of the realization of this.

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7 Reasons Why Transhumanism is the Greatest Threat to the ...