The most important events of 2020 – The Highland County Press

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By Jim ThompsonHCP columnist

For many Americans, the most important events of 2020 do not include the COVID-19 virus, as painful and hurtful as that has been for many, many people.

No, the most important events of 2020 have been the appalling degradation of the 1st and 2nd Amendments to the Constitution. Attacks against these two bastions of American freedom have gone on for a long time, but this year the actions against them have reached unimaginable heights.

There is the couple in St. Louis being brought up on charges for standing in front of their own home with guns. What happened to Second Amendment rights? Youve no doubt read the story. Ill not bother with the details here.

Are we not allowed to defend our own home any longer?

After that one, I put three infrared cameras around our home, which record every movement and put it in cloud storage. We may be killed by "peaceful protesters," but there will be a file of evidence available, if there is any police force left to be interested in it.

It has been a year where one cannot feel free to speak their mind, our First Amendment rights. The only public place I feel I can even come close to speaking my mind is here in The Highland County Press, and even here I am very careful. I am not just talking about offering comments about current events; in most venues, I no longer feel it is safe to make statements about global warming and other subjects that are not considered mainstream no matter how wrong I think they are. There is no room for discourse any longer, if you are not on the right side of most issues, being shouted down may be the least of your worries.

For a long time, it has not been safe in many venues to talk about ones religion, but that is one I will not give up. They can put me in jail or kill me for that one if they want to, that one will continue to be out front.

Then, recently, the New York Post had new information on Hunter Bidens relationship with Ukraine, information that has not been seen before anywhere. What happens? Both Facebook and Twitter censor it immediately.

This is probably the scariest thing that has happened to our freedoms this year. If the big tech companies feel fearless when it comes to censoring free speech, we have lost it.

They should be of common carrier status like the old Ma Bell was, totally agnostic about what is said on their sites. These truth squads they have filtering free speech are ridiculous. I have friends who occasionally post scenes of Jesuss crucifixion in recent months, Facebook has been covering those up as being violent and disturbing. They do the same thing with pictures of the Twin Towers on 9/11.

I know there are many people who read this paper who only listen to one side of the news. It is obvious by their comments. That is a persons choice, if they only want to hear one side of the news, it is their right, even if it makes them look uniformed.

But it is our right as Americans to hear all sides of the news if we want to do so and to say what we think (except the old example, dont yell fire in a theater).

We are at a serious place when it comes to the amendments that are there for our rights and our protection. I hope, in the brief time that is left, you look carefully at the choices on Nov. 3 where you live and then vote to protect your rights and your freedoms. We lose these freedoms and there is nothing else to talk about. We are no better than the most despotic governments of the last 150 years.

Jim Thompson, formerly of Marshall, is a graduate of Hillsboro High School and the University of Cincinnati. He resides in Duluth, Ga. and is a columnist for The Highland County Press. He may be reached at jthompson@taii.com.

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The most important events of 2020 - The Highland County Press

UAW Bosses Abandon Case Seeking to Overturn Civil Service Commission Rule Protecting Workers’ First Amendment Janus Rights – National Right to Work…

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Policy requires state employees to opt in to union dues deductions annually to ensure dues are collected with voluntary waiver of First Amendment rights

Lansing, MI (October 15, 2020) A Michigan Civil Service Commission (MiCSC) policy which helps safeguard the First Amendment rights of the states workers under the landmark 2018 Janus v. AFSCME Supreme Court decision survives after United Auto Workers (UAW) union bosses abandoned their lawsuit seeking to overturn the rule in federal court.

The rule, which was adopted by MiCSC in October following detailed comments from National Right to Work Foundation staff attorneys, requires Michigan state agencies to annually obtain the consent of state employees before deducting any union dues from their wages. The rule reminds state employees of their constitutional right to refuse such payments and ensures that the state deducts no union dues unless workers first waive their right not to pay.

National Right to Work Foundation President Mark Mix commented on the development:

The Civil Service Commission rules endurance is a victory for Michigan state employees, who will now have their First Amendment right to refuse to subsidize union activities respected and safeguarded. That union officials so quickly dropped their attempts to scuttle the rule speaks to the strength of the legal case for it, namely that the Supreme Court clearly delineated in Janus v. AFSCME that union dues can only be taken from public employees paychecks with their affirmative and knowing consent.

Given this example, public officials in other states should enact similar measures to protect their workers, because union bosses across the country continue to manipulate state laws and internal union policies to keep workers trapped in union payments against their will in violation of their First Amendment rights.

UAW officials abandonment of their lawsuit comes after the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan rejected their request for a preliminary injunction against the rule earlier this month. Judge George Caram Steeh ruled that union lawyers not only failed to show that the rule was causing irreparable harm but that a recent Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals suit foreclosed union bosses ability to file one of the two claims in their suit in the first place.

The District Courts decision denying the injunction cited arguments first presented in an amicus brief from National Right to Work Foundation and Mackinac Center Legal Foundation staff attorneys, which the judge said was timely and helpful.

Other states that are taking steps to shore up their public employees Janus rights include Alaska, where Gov. Mike Dunleavy signed an executive order creating similar protections for state employees in September 2019. Also, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton and Indiana Attorney General Curtis Hill both issued legal opinions earlier this year urging public employers to notify employees that they have a First Amendment right to refuse to fund a union unless they opt-in to such payments.

The National Right to Work Legal Defense Foundation is a nonprofit, charitable organization providing free legal aid to employees whose human or civil rights have been violated by compulsory unionism abuses. The Foundation, which can be contacted toll-free at 1-800-336-3600, assists thousands of employees in more than 250 cases nationwide per year.

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UAW Bosses Abandon Case Seeking to Overturn Civil Service Commission Rule Protecting Workers' First Amendment Janus Rights - National Right to Work...

Bill Tucker: In the case of Christian v. Christian, everyone loses – STLtoday.com

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I just heard my colleague, Senator Coons, make a reference to an old case, the Griswold case, which I can only assume is another hit at Judge Barretts religious faith, referring to Catholic doctrinal beliefs, Hawley said. I dont know what else it could be since no one has challenged this case. Its not a live issue and has not been for decades Clearly this was a senator looking for a fight.

Hawley also referenced the much-quoted comment by Sen. Dianne Feinstein, D-Calif., at Barretts 2017 confirmation to a U.S. appeals panel that the dogma lives loudly within you. He accused her of using the very terminology of anti-Catholic bigotry current in this country a century ago.

Hawley, an evangelical Christian, may have been justifiably incensed by the Feinstein comment, but no one at the first day of the confirmation hearings had referenced those ill-advised comments or the religious faith of the Supreme Court nominee until Hawley leapt in with claws out. He was clearly planning on a First Amendment clash about the free exercise of religion.

This is not the 1960s, and people of faith should not be picking fights where no punches have been thrown. The Supreme Court has been packed in evangelicals favor, but the moral decline in public and political discourse has been stark. The rhetoric of President Donald Trump deserves some of the blame. He has been a man on the prowl for scapegoats and imaginary enemies during his entire tenure.

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Bill Tucker: In the case of Christian v. Christian, everyone loses - STLtoday.com

Media Summit theme to look at 2020 through lens of first amendment – Oswegonian

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On Friday, Oct. 9, SUNY Oswegos School of Media, Communication and the Arts announced the theme for the 16th annual Dr. Lewis B ODonnell Media Summit, which will take place virtually on Oct. 28. This years theme is On the Front Lines with the First Amendment.

The summit will analyze freedom of the press and speech through the lens of 2020. The three major prongs to the discussion will be the press impact or role in Black Lives Matter protests, the COVID-19 pandemic and the 2020 Presidential Election. These three were selected during the spring 2020 semester, when the committee was unsure what would still be relevant in October.

We have to choose a theme fairly early on, so we can select the right people on the panel. We thought COVID, and then when Black Lives Matter happened, we thought maybe we should address that We didnt want to choose something that would be out of date or old news, said Julie Pretzat, the Dean of the School of Media, Communications and the Arts. We figured the overarching theme for a lot of these things, COVID as well as Black Lives Matter as well as some of the political things, has been the first amendment. Its freedom of speech. Its how journalists are being treated. When Black Lives Matter marches started, there was some violence and some against journalists.

In an era of media mistrust, it is critical to inform the American public about the goals of good journalism. These goals, according to the Society of Professional Journalists, include seeking and reporting truth, acting independently and being accountable and transparent, among others.

While some people do not necessarily know this side of the media, the Media Summit can act as a way to educate the community regarding the importance of good journalism.

Good journalism is crucial, Pretzat said. Theres bad journalism on both sides of the [political] spectrum, but good investigative journalism is crucial to our country remaining a free democracy.

In a time as complex as 2020, the constitution brings things back into perspective. During the Black Lives Matter protests, journalists were reporting live in the streets risking their own lives to inform the public. Other people on the scene were not as passive, as there were several incidents where police shot foam bullets or hit journalists on the scene, in cities like Minneapolis, Minnesota; Los Angeles, California; and New York City.

People get caught up in the volatility of a specific situation and they forget we have a constitution that tells us really good guidelines about the importance of freedom of the press and freedom of speech, Pretzat said. If you dont have a free press, and you dont have investigative journalism, governments can run amuck. It is really really crucial that we have checks and balances in our government.

Good journalism has become exceptionally important in the political world. Good journalism goes beyond what a demographic wants to hear, it is giving them all the information they need to make good decisions. The Media Summit provides broadcasting and journalism students, as well as all students who want to learn about how the major events of 2020 and the First Amendment have interacted, a chance to learn what good journalism truly is.

It is [important] to remain in the middle, Pretzat said. And to hear both sides so the American people can make their own decisions about things.

Photo By Nicole Hube | The Oswegonian

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Media Summit theme to look at 2020 through lens of first amendment - Oswegonian

Email predicted taxpayers would pay price for panhandling crackdown, and they have – Oklahoman.com

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An email to a city councilman five years ago warned a crackdown on panhandling could end up costing Oklahoma City taxpayers a lot of money.

Five years later, that is exactly what has happened. And the bill could be much higher.

A three-judge panel of the 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals in Denver ruled Aug. 31 that Ordinance 25,777 violated the First Amendment.

Attorneys who challenged the constitutionality of the 2015 ordinance now are entitled to their fees, which would be paid by taxpayers.

In the Aug. 18, 2015, email, city attorney Kenneth Jordan warned the "downside" of adopting panhandling regulations that could be unconstitutional would be a federal lawsuit by civil rights attorneys such as ACLU Oklahoma.

That is just what happened, when a team including the ACLU, a University of Oklahoma College of Law professor, and Legal Aid sued following passage in December 2015 of restrictions on "standing, sitting or staying" in traffic medians.

Jordan advised in his email that the "right to beg or seek alms in a public place is First Amendment activity."

"If such a lawsuit were filed and was decided against the city," he said, "the city and its ad valorem taxpayers would be forced to pay the ACLU's attorney fees."

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Email predicted taxpayers would pay price for panhandling crackdown, and they have - Oklahoman.com

Amy Coney Barrett’s confirmation hearings; the First Amendment and disinformation; and the latest election machinations. – Slate

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Amy Coney Barrett's confirmation hearings; the First Amendment and disinformation; and the latest election machinations. - Slate

‘Where Would the Black Lives Matter Movement Be Without the Right To Free Speech?’ – Reason

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"Where would the Black Lives Matter movement be without the right to free speech?" asks Ira Glasser, the executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) from 1978 to 2001."There is no social justice movement in America that has ever not needed the First Amendment to initiate its movement for justice, to sustain its movement to justice, to help its movement survive."

Glasser is the subject of the new documentary Mighty Ira, which chronicles his efforts to secure the speech rights of Nazis, undermine government attempts to regulate internet content, combat hate speech laws, and abolish campus speech codes. It is a portrait of a First Amendment hero who managed to have friends across ideological divides while remaining civil, engaged, and effective.

The 82-year-old Glasser is troubled by his former group's seeming embrace of identity politics over free speech, and he worries that younger social justice activists view the First Amendment as an adversary rather than an ally. "John Lewis said that without free speech and the right to dissent, the civil rights movement would have been a bird without wings," Glasser says. "That's historically and politically true without exception."

Written by Nick Gillespie. Produced and edited by Paul Detrick.

Neo-Nazis; Credit: Alexandra Buxbaum/ABACAUSA.COM/Newscom; Ira Glasser; Credit: Mario Ruiz/ZUMA Press/Newscom; Neo Nazi marcher; Credit: ID 132745286 Patrick Morrissey | Dreamstime.com; Black Lives Matter protesters; Credit: Scott W. Grau/Icon Sportswire CBW, Tim Evans/ZUMA Press/Newscom, Adam J. Dewey/ZUMA Press/Newscom; Women's rights marcher; Credit: Jeff Malet Photography/Newscom; Anti-war activist; Credit: Zach D Roberts/ZUMA Press/Newscom; David Duke; Credit: file UPI Photo Service/Newscom; Eldridge Cleaver; Credit: Underwood Archives/UIG Universal Images Group/Newscom; Supreme court protesters; Credit: Jeff Malet Photography/Newscom; Gay rights protester; Credit: Louis Brems/ZUMA Press/Newscom; AIDS activists; Credit: Frances M. Roberts/Newscom, Ezio Petersen UPI Photo Service/Newscom, Michale Smith UPI Photo Service/Newscom; Civil rights movement; Credits: akg-images/Newscom; ICE protest; Credit: John Marshall Mantel/SIPA/Newscom; Joseph McCarthy; Credit: Everett Collection/Newscom; Richard Nixon; Credit: JT Vintage/ZUMA Press/Newscom; Rudy Giuliani; Credit: Jason Winslow / Splash News/Newscom; Donald Trump; Credit: Paul Hennessy/ZUMA Press/Newscom; Bill Barr; Credit: Jeff Roberson/UPI/Newscom; ACLU legal observers; Credit: Mark Hertzberg/ZUMA Press/Newscom, Lannis Waters/ZUMA Press/Newscom, Alex Milan Tracy/Sipa USA/Newscom, Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call/Newscom; ACLU clients; Credit: GDA Photo Service/Newscom, Pat Vasquez-Cunningham/ZUMA Press/Newscom, Romain Blanquart/MCT/Newscom; Neo-nazis; Credit: Jim De Pree/TNS/Newscom; Unite the Right rally; Credit: Stephanie Keith/Reuters/Newscom; ACLU protesters; Credit: ID 173780741 Jerry Coli | Dreamstime.com

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'Where Would the Black Lives Matter Movement Be Without the Right To Free Speech?' - Reason

Voter intimidation at the polls and political coercion: 4 articles to know – Journalist’s Resource

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At the first 2020 presidential debate on Sept. 29, President Donald Trump said the far-right fascist group Proud Boys should stand back and stand by, comments embraced by the groups members as supportive of their ideology. Trump also remarked during the debate that his supporters should go into the polls and watch very carefully.

Given the context of those and other recent statements from the president, election officials around the country are making security plans to deal with voter intimidation on and before Election Day.

Voter intimidation efforts have a long and unfortunate history in this nation, according to an Oct. 13 blog post by the Voter Protection Program, a bipartisan group of former state and federal officials and top municipal law enforcement leaders aiming to help state attorneys general ensure a safe, free and fair general election. These efforts often target communities of color. In the past, after hearing statements like the presidents, vigilantes have aggressively patrolled polling stations. And while they rarely show up at numerous locations, even minor disruptions can be amplified and publicized to intimidate voters more broadly.

With rising potential for intimidation at the polls during the 2020 general election, Journalists Resource is turning to what the research says. Weve summarized four scholarly articles that can help journalists covering voter intimidation offer nuance in their reporting. More on those articles below.

While poll watchers from both the Democratic and Republican parties are common at polling sites, those who arent official poll watchers could run afoul of state laws. The Institute for Constitutional Advocacy and Protection at Georgetown Law has put together fact sheets for each state, laying out laws on unauthorized private militias showing up to polling sites.

Also relevant: This presidential election will be the first in almost four decades that Republican party organizations wont be subject to a federal decree requiring that federal judges review their ballot security operations. Mark Krasovic, associate history professor at Rutgers University, recently explained in The Conversation the incident that led to that decree:

In November 1981, voters in several [New Jersey] cities saw posters at polling places printed in bright red letters. WARNING, they read. This area is being patrolled by the National Ballot Security Task Force. And voters soon encountered the patrols themselves. About 200 were deployed statewide, many of them uniformed and carrying guns.

In Trenton, patrol members asked a Black voter for her registration card and turned her away when she didnt produce it. Latino voters were similarly prevented from voting in Vineland, while in Newark some voters were physically chased from the polls by patrolmen, one of whom warned a poll worker not to stay at her post after dark. Similar scenes played out in at least two other cities, Camden and Atlantic City. Weeks later, after a recount, Republican Thomas Kean won the election by fewer than 1,800 votes.

Democrats, however, soon won a significant victory. With local civil rights activists, they discovered that the ballot security operation was a joint project of the state and national Republican committees. They filed suit in December 1981, charging Republicans with efforts to intimidate, threaten and coerce duly qualified black and Hispanic voters.

The peer-reviewed and law review articles featured here discuss federal legal recourse for voters intimidated at the polls, recourse for voters intimidated online, analyses of historical data on voter intimidation in America and political coercion at the workplace. Law review articles are different from peer-reviewed papers in that they typically make specific, sometimes subjective legal arguments. Keep reading:

True Threats: Voter Intimidation and the ConstitutionDaniel P. Tokaji. The Harbinger, 2015.

In this article, Daniel Tokaji, now dean of the University of Wisconsin Law School, responds to a previous article in The N.Y.U. Review of Law & Social Change. The Harbinger, an online publication of The N.Y.U. Review of Law & Social Change, runs timely and newsworthy articles on American law.

The authors of the original article, attorneys Ben Cady and Tom Glazer, argue that people who have experienced voter intimidation might seek legal recourse through Section 11(b) of the Voting Rights Act.

That section of the 1965 law reads in part: No person, whether acting under color of law or otherwise, shall intimidate, threaten, or coerce, or attempt to intimidate, threaten, or coerce any person for voting or attempting to vote.

The section is seldom used in litigation, and there is little case law exploring its scope, Cady and Glazer write, though the legislators who wrote the act considered the section to be an important part of the statute and a significant improvement over existing prohibitions on voter intimidation.

Tokaji partially agrees with Cady and Glazer. He writes they persuasively argue that this statute was designed to dispense with any requirement of intent, including both racially discriminatory intent and an intent to intimidate. In other words, they argue that an intimidated voter seeking legal recourse under Section 11(b) doesnt have to prove the person or group who allegedly intimidated them meant to intimidate them.

But Tokaji raises an issue relevant to potential voter intimidation during the 2020 general election, centering on the First Amendment guarantee of free speech. When it comes to free speech, intent to intimidate comes into play, according to Tokaji.

What seems like intimidation to a would-be voter may well be free speech to a group or individual perpetrating alleged intimidation if, for example, that group or individual didnt mean to intimidate voters but rather meant to promote electoral integrity, Tokaji writes. How the intersection of free speech and voter protection against intimidation might play out centers on a legal principle called the true threats exception.

He explains that in 2003 in Virginia v. Black, the Supreme Court defined true threats as statements where the speaker means to communicate a serious expression of an intent to commit an act of unlawful violence to a particular individual or group of individuals. If voters are outright threatened with physical violence, there would be no conflict between Section 11(b) and the First Amendment, according to Tokaji. But the constitutionality of Section 11(b) is less certain in cases involving statements private individuals make that are not obviously intended to threaten violence. He concludes:

There is no doubt of section 11(b)s consistency with the First Amendment where there is an intent to intimidate voters through a threat of physical violence. It is less clear whether section 11(b) may constitutionally be applied where non-violent harms are threatened or the intent to intimidate is lacking. However, because it provides only civil remedies, the statute is probably consistent with the First Amendment.

The Pernicious Problem of Platform-Enabled Voter IntimidationChristopher Conrad. Georgetown Law Technology Review, 2020.

Christopher Conrad, a recent graduate of Georgetown Law whos now a clerk for a federal judge in the Eastern District of Virginia, chronicles the shift of voter intimidation in America from overt physical violence to more subtle and virtual means.

As part of this transition to more inconspicuous forms of voter intimidation, individuals and political organizations have largely supplanted local law-enforcement officials and white-supremacist groups as the main perpetrators, Conrad writes. Instead of polling places, these actors have taken to Internet platforms to suppress the franchise of minority voters.

He further points out that its unlikely a social media platform like Facebook would be able to act quickly enough to remove content that intimidates voters. Conrad spotlights examples of Facebook posts with covert and overt threats of violence from Donald Trump supporters against Hillary Clinton supporters during the 2016 presidential campaign.

When users believe that their acts will not be attributable to them, they are more likely to defy social norms and act destructively without fear of external sanction, he writes. Conrad puts Section 11(b) of the Voting Rights Act in the context of online voter intimidation. An example: the reasonable speaker test that courts use to assess whether speech is protected by the First Amendment. Simply put, would someone expressing a view online reasonably think their content was truly threatening?

One of the 2016 Facebook posts Conrad mentions, written by someone who identifies as a military veteran, strongly suggests physical violence against civilians if Trump lost that years presidential election. The message is clearly threatening, according to Conrad. But, if the writer had set the content to private so that only their friends could see the post, and if that private network consisted of like-minded people, the writer might reasonably think that his macho bravado would prompt grunted laughter among his audience, rather than fear. An individual posting such content could be liable if one of the posters Facebook friends shared it to a broader network of users and if one of those users was reasonably intimidated by it, Conrad writes.

Conrad raises several legal questions and contradictions when it comes to protecting voters from intimidation online. But the crux is that federal voter intimidation laws, written to curb in-person intimidation, are inadequate to protect suffrage when it comes to online intimidation.

Illicit Tactics as Substitutes: Election Fraud, Ballot Reform, and Contested Congressional Elections in the United States, 1860-1930Didi Kuo and Jan Teorell. Comparative Political Studies, 2016.

What does an Australian ballot have to do with historical voter intimidation and electoral fraud in America? A lot, according to the authors. Didi Kuo is associate director for research at the Stanford University Center on Democracy, Development and the Rule of Law. Jan Teorell is a political science professor at Lund University in Sweden.

An Australian ballot is an official ballot printed at public expense on which the names of all the candidates and proposals appear and which is distributed only at the polling place and marked in secret. The concept came out of South Australia in the mid-1850s. By the Civil War, every state in the U.S. used written ballots except Kentucky, which still used oral voting for roughly two decades after the war. Until the 1890s, when Australian ballots became widespread in the states, political parties commonly printed ballots.

Election secrecy was easy to violate, because the tickets varied in color and size, and the party agents near the polling stations could monitor with whom the voters associated before they approached the voting window, the authors write. The Australian ballot, by contrast, made the state responsible for printing ballots at public expense.

Kuo and Teorell look specifically at 465 contested races for the U.S. House of Representatives from 1860 to 1930 to assess how the adoption of Australian ballots changed instances of voter intimidation and fraud. The authors identify 548 cases of fraud, including nearly 100 instances of violence. They also account for disenfranchisement of Black voters through efforts like literacy tests and poll taxes following Reconstruction.

They find that intimidation and vote buying decreased in the years following the adoption of Australian ballots while more opaque forms of election fraud, such as registration fraud and ballot stuffing, actually increased as an effect of the introduction of state-printed ballots. Ballot stuffing generally refers to a voter voting multiple times.

We further find that disenfranchisement obviated the need to manipulate voters directly, but had no visible effect on ballot fraud, Kuo and Teorell conclude.

American Employers as Political MachinesAlexander Hertel-Fernandez. The Journal of Politics, 2017.

Separate from intimidation at the polls, voters may also face political intimidation or at least coercion at the workplace.

Throughout the nineteenth century there were accounts of employers using physical or economic threats to pressure their employees into supporting firm-favored candidates, writes Alexander Hertel-Fernandez, an associate professor of international and public affairs at Columbia University. Outright intimidation was later curbed by the passage of secret ballot laws and other electoral reforms but employers continued to talk politics with their employees throughout the first half of the twentieth century.

Employers today can still legally coerce workers into actions favoring a particular politician or party or platform. The Supreme Court in Citizens United v. FEC in 2010 allowed companies to direct unlimited corporate resources which include worker time and effort toward partisan electoral politics so long as firms do not directly coordinate with candidates, Hertel-Fernandez writes. Most private employers can discipline or fire employees who refuse their requests to support political stances, according to Hertel-Fernandez.

Examining roughly 800 responses from the 2015 Cooperative Congressional Election Study, Hertel-Fernandez finds 5% of workers had been contacted by their employer in the past year about participating in some way in a political campaign. Slightly more 7% reported political contact from an employee union. Employer mobilization was most strongly associated with employees attending a political meeting, donating to a candidate or political party and volunteering for a campaign.

Hertel-Fernandez also finds that around the 2014 election cycle, which included U.S. Senate, House and gubernatorial races, employer political recruitment was as common as union political mobilization.

Employers are not simply recruiting their workers into politics to increase civic participation in general; rather, they are mobilizing their employee base in order to advance a specific set of favored causes and candidates, he writes.

Pressure from ones boss to engage in politics beneficial to the company isnt the same as overt physical intimidation at the polls, but it is coercive given the power dynamic between employee and employer. Hertel-Fernandez explains:

In all, the legal implications of Citizens United, coupled with the lack of federal protections against political retaliation in the workplace, mean that political recruitment requests from an employer may carry an extra weight for workers as employees trade off between their job security and political views.

Beyond the 19th: A Brief History of the Voter Suppression of Black Americans

Anthony Brown, Joanna Batt and Esther June Kim. Social Education, 2020.

The Disenfranchisement of Voters of Color: Redux

Shannon Portillo, Domonic Bearfield and Norma Riccucci. Public Integrity, 2020.

Voter Suppression Post-Shelby: Impacts and Issues of Voter Purge and Voter ID Laws

Lydia Hardy. Mercer Law Review, 2020.

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Voter intimidation at the polls and political coercion: 4 articles to know - Journalist's Resource

‘Beaches and Boots Witches Dance’ to benefit Ocean Cure – WWAY NewsChannel 3

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CAROLINA BEACH, NC (WWAY) This years popular Beaches and Boots Witches Dance in Carolina Beach will bring waves of good fortune to the non-profit Ocean Cure.

That organization provides increased beach accessibility to our coast for persons who have physical or mental challenges.

For at least a decade, Ocean Cure has served more than a thousand participants and their families through the use of beach wheel chairs, accessible flooring and adaptive surf boards. The goal is to make sure participants leave feeling there is no obstacle that they cannot overcome.

COVID-19 concerns caused a drop in fundraising for Ocean Cure, so the Beaches and Boots Line Dancers decided to give their proceeds from the Halloween Witches Dance to the non-profit.

Recently, Kelli Derengowski with Beaches and Boots appeared on Good Morning Carolina to share details about the fundraiser.

Click here to learn how you can support the Halloween night witches dance.

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'Beaches and Boots Witches Dance' to benefit Ocean Cure - WWAY NewsChannel 3

Brian Wilson wants nothing to do with Beach Boys Trump event – Los Angeles Times

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God only knows that, two weeks out from the presidential election, the stakes are high.

On Sunday, a version of the Beach Boys the touring incarnation of the group led by cofounder Mike Love performed at a last-minute fundraiser for President Trump near Newport Beach in Orange County.

Brian Wilson and Al Jardine, two other founding members of the beloved California band, were less than happy about the news.

We have absolutely nothing to do with the Trump benefit today in Newport Beach. Zero, Wilson and Jardine told Variety through a spokesperson Sunday. We didnt even know about it and were very surprised to read about it in the Los Angeles Times.

The Beach Boys rehearse in Newport Beach Saturday in preparation for President Trumps fundraiser.

(Mark Chervinsky / For The Times)

The L.A. Times published a story about the fundraiser Sunday, including the detail that Loves touring version of the group would headline the event. The Beach Boys formed in 1961 in Hawthorne, less than an hours drive from Lido Isle, the exclusive man-made island in Newport Beach where Trumps campaign held the fundraiser.

Everyone assumes hes going to go to battleground states. No one really thinks about how Orange County, California, is an ATM machine, Jon Fleischman, a former state GOP official, told The Times Sunday.

In 2016, Orange County shifted blue and voted Democratic in a presidential election for the first time since the Great Depression. Its collective pockets however, remain deep and GOP donors still have a strong presence.

The only reason a presidential candidate should be in California in late October is if the GPS breaks or if he is so desperate for money that he has no choice, political strategist Dan Schnur told The Times. At this stage in the campaign, every hour is precious. The fact that the candidate himself has to raise money in person means their fundraising situation is way beyond dire.

But Sunday wasnt the first time the Wouldnt It Be Nice hitmakers divided over political differences. In February, Wilson and Jardine both signed a Change.org petition urging supporters to Say No to Trophy Hunting!

At the time, the request called for a boycott of Loves group after it secured a headlining spot at the Safari Club International Convention in Reno, where Donald Trump Jr. was the keynote speaker.

This organization supports trophy hunting, which both Al and I are emphatically opposed to, Wilson wrote on Twitter. Theres nothing we can do personally to stop the show, so please join us in signing the petition.

Love holds the legal rights to the name for the touring edition of the Beach Boys, although Wilson and Jardine have plans to tour together too, playing Beach Boys music with guitarist Blondie Chaplin.

I dont have anything negative to say about the president of the USA, Love told Uncut magazine in 2017. We did attend the inauguration. That was a moving experience.

I understand there are so many factions and fractious things going on the chips will fall where they may, Love added. But Donald Trump has never been anything but kind to us. We have known him for many a year. Weve performed at some of his venues at fundraisers and so on.

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Brian Wilson wants nothing to do with Beach Boys Trump event - Los Angeles Times

Marine layer sweeps in over the coastal valleys and beaches Monday morning – KSBY San Luis Obispo News

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It will be a foggy start to the week as the marine layer fills in over coastal regions Monday morning.

As the afternoon approaches, most coastal valley regions will see plenty of sunshine but it's possible some coastal regions could stay fairly foggy at least through early afternoon due to weak onshore flow.

Daytime highs at the coast will range from the mid-to-upper 60s with wind speeds below 10 miles per hour. For the coastal valleys, some areas will be warmer than others. Towards Santa Maria Valley, temperatures are expected to peak in the mid-70s, while San Luis Obispo will likely hang on to the low 80s. Inland valleys will remain on the warmer side with daytime highs from the upper 80s to low 90s, but these temperatures will trend down fairly significantly by the weekend when daytime highs drop to the 70s.

A trough will dig into the state Wednesday, which will likely increase the marine layer and allow for an additional one to three degrees of cooling. The cooling trend will continue through the weekend.

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Marine layer sweeps in over the coastal valleys and beaches Monday morning - KSBY San Luis Obispo News

Pro-Trump and pro-police flags hung throughout Redondo Beach without city permission – The Daily Breeze

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Numerous flags supporting the Trump campaign were hung on light posts throughout southern Redondo Beach without the permission of city officials early Saturday, Oct. 17.

American flags, as well a variation of it symbolic of support for the thin blue line of law enforcement, were also displayed along the entire stretch of Esplande, part of Harbor Drive and in the traffic circle at the west end of Torrance Boulevard, said Redondo Beach District 1 Councilman Nils Nehrenheim.

Patrol officers first noticed them at about 4 a.m., followed shortly by multiple reports from residents, Redondo Police Sgt. Mike Snakenborg said.

The flags were hung in violation of municipal code, and public works crews were immediately sent to remove them, Snakenborg said. All of them were taken down by 9 a.m., and there did not appear to be any permanent damage left, Nehrenheim said.

It was not immediately clear who hung the flags.

Somebody did this to get a rise out of people, and they did. suggested Nehrenheim, a registered Libertarian.

Most of the Redondo Beach community is tolerant of diverse opinions, Nehrenheim said. A few people on social media were supportive of the unauthorized display, however, most of those who called officials through the afternoon Saturday voiced disapproval, the councilman said.

There is not a lot of support for the Trump campaign in Redondo Beach, and a lot of people were concerned about public property being used to promote it, Nehrenheim said. Its a huge shock to the community.

The flags were collected by the city, and were held in case their owner would like to retrieve them, Redondo Beach Mayor Bill Brand said on social media. Anyone wishing to pick them up should contact City Manager Joe Hoefgen.

They are available for collection, but be ready to pay the cost for the City to remove them, Brand said.

The incident took place with just 17 days until the Nov. 3 election, and two weeks after a bright red flag bearing the name Trump and the slogan Make America Great Again, was seen hanging from Long Beach Police Departments headquarters. That banner was also raised without permission and taken down one day after photos of it began to circulate on social media.

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Pro-Trump and pro-police flags hung throughout Redondo Beach without city permission - The Daily Breeze

Kure Beach pushes to reduce speed on Fort Fisher Blvd. – WWAY NewsChannel 3

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KURE BEACH, NC (WWAY) A change could be on the horizon when it comes to the roads and just how fast people will be able to drive on Fort Fisher Boulevard.

Kure Beach Town Council plan to approve a resolution that was voted on at their last meeting that will drop the speed limit from 35 mph to 25 mph on a section of Fort Fisher Blvd.

Well, it started with some residents who brought it up as a personal safety issue,says Kure Beach Mayor Pro Tem David Heglar. I mean it is really through a neighborhood even though its the main Fort Fisher Boulevard. We had a public hearing, it was actually very close and ended up to be a 3-2 decision that the town was going to request permission from the state to reduce the speed limit.

The proposed speed limit change will run from Alabama Ave. to N Ave. leading into the downtown area.

While the town has voted to change the speed limit, the resolution presented on Monday will have to be approved to be sent to the North Carolina Department of Transportation since it is a state road.

Residents say it is a no brainer to increase overall safety.

I think its a great idea specially with all the golf carts. Most of them cant go over 25 [mph] anyways and so I think it would safer for everyone driving a golf cart and all the kids on bikes. I think its a great idea.

If the speed limit changed is eventually approved by the DOT, Kure Beach will join Carolina Beach as the towns have requested to reduce speeds throughout Pleasure Island.

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Kure Beach pushes to reduce speed on Fort Fisher Blvd. - WWAY NewsChannel 3

Jess Weeth Designs a Breezy Beach House for Three Generations of Women – HouseBeautiful.com

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Any designeror anyone who's hired a designerknows that good interior projects require compromise. There's always a balance between the designer and the homeowner, function and aesthetics, and quite often, the question of finding middle ground between different tastes and needs in one family. This last hurdle is becoming more common than ever as America sees a new resurgence in multigenerational households. Whether it's in-laws moving in, adult children living with their parents, or both, designers across the country are grappling with creating spaces that speak to many generations. That was the case for Rehoboth Beachbased designer Jess Weeth, who was recently tasked with creating a welcoming beach house for not one, not two, but three generations of women.

"We needed to create a house that all three of them would enjoy," Weeth tells House Beautiful of her trio of clients. That meant creating accessible spaces for the grandmother, gathering areas for the adult granddaughter, and a balance between private rooms and open spaces where the family could convene.

Her ability to create a functional, livable space took on renewed importance this past year, when the somewhat quiet Delaware vacation town saw an influx of full-time residentsincluding this family. "Their plan was to spend maybe four months a year there," she says "But now they are living there full-time."

Here's how Weeth created a house the whole family would want to quarantine in.

"I wanted it to feel like you're at the beach but also strike a balance between that barefoot, laid-back look and still having it feel polished," says Weeth. She found that middle ground by incorporating more subtle, tailored nods to coastal decor in natural elements, like rattan and raffia accessories, or the cane-front built-in cabinets in the living room, shown here.

While all three women had distinct styles, Weeth says, what united them was "they absolutely love blue! All shades of blue." So, in the home's shared spaces, "the palette kept things looking cohesive, even with the mix of, say, the more traditional-shaped sofa with the modern-lined coffee table."

Meanwhile, the living room's mix of two sofas, club chairs, and easily-moveable stools make for a flexible setup conducive to solo lounging, family game nights, or any other type of gathering.

In a contrast to the typical white kitchenobsessed client, this trio was open to color in the kitchen, says Weeth. That said, the designer wanted to strike a balance between statement-making and timeless. "It was important to me to find a blue that they were going to love for a long time," Weeth says. "I love bold but some of the things they were suggesting were really blue." She settled on a Sherwin-Williams hue with a grayish undertone for the island, then kept the cabinets white. The drapes, meanwhile, bring in the blue and "bring that color to life."

To add a little bit of the grandmother's glam tastes to an otherwise fairly classic kitchen, Weeth added brass pendants and a gold Schluter edge between the marble tiles to provide the most subtle, shimmery glow of metallic. "It brings out the light and the whole kitchen just kind of glimmers," says the designer.

"If every single piece could have been woven, they probably would have gone for it," quips Weeth of the furniture. "So I tried to strike a balance by bringing in some darker wood tones to make it feel more grounded. A little bit of contrast is important when everything is so light."

"This long, narrow hallway was the entry into the space and they really wanted to make it a dramatic entry," says Weeth. The addition of decorative millwork, lanterns, and large-scale art get the effect.

The youngest client was the most reserved when it came to color, so, Weeth says, "We continued the palette with blues but we went for more muted tones, and made it more about texture," adding a woven headboard and rattan swing.

The mother, meanwhile, "really wanted those light French blues and some cerulean tones," achieved in the wallpaper and headboard here.

"It was really a priority to have the bathrooms be ADA-compliant," says Weeth. That meant incorporating anti-slip elements, grab bars, and wide openingsbut not sacrificing style. "I wanted to make it feel dressy and not like it was a compromise in any way," she emphasizes. "So all of the fixtures, even the grab bars, are a beautiful brass. And then the tile is such a statementthose elements feel a little more like jewelry and not just like a functional component alone."

"It was fun for me to have to look at these specifics," says the designer. "It was a lot less automatic and a lot more planned, down to the last detail."

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Jess Weeth Designs a Breezy Beach House for Three Generations of Women - HouseBeautiful.com

Thousands Of Trump Supporters Line Streets In Newport Beach To Welcome The President – CBS Los Angeles

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Gastro Garage Back After Pandemic HiatusGastro Garage offers pandemic-safe outdoor dining experiences.

How To Cope As Holiday Season, COVID-19, Election 2020 Adds On To StressorsThe best thing experts recommend is to set boundaries for holiday gatherings and pre-determine which topics are up for discussion and what safety precautions are required. Kristine Lazar reports.

No Tsunami Threat To California After 7.5 Earthquake In AlaskaThe National Tsunami Warning Center assured Americans on the West Coast Monday that there is currently no tsunami threat following a magnitude 7.5 earthquake in Alaska.

Airbnb Sues Promoter Over Glendora Mansion Party This Summerhttps://cbsloc.al/348Wqfk

Woman Arrested In Fatal Stabbing Of Metro Worker At Subway StationPolice Monday made an arrest in the deadly stabbing of a Los Angeles Metro worker at an L.A. subway station.

Chapman University Students Return To In-Person Classes Monday Despite Recent COVID-19 OutbreakMichele Gile reports.

Ballot Drop Box Catches Fire In Baldwin Park; Arson Investigation UnderwayAuthorities are investigating a fire that broke out in an official ballot drop box Sunday night in Baldwin Park, damaging countless ballots in the process. Hermela Aregawi reports.

Olympians, OC Officials Push For Youth Sports To ResumeOrange County Supervisor Don Wagner teamed up with some Olympic athletes Monday to call on Gov. Gavin Newsom to allow for youth sports competitions once again.

Southland Counties Report Additional Coronavirus Cases, DeathsLos Angeles and Orange counties reported additional deaths attributed to the novel coronavirus Monday, while Riverside, San Bernardino and Ventura counties reported additional cases.

Younger Angelenos Driving New LA County COVID-19 CasesAccording to Dr. Barbara Ferrer, county public health director, people between the ages of 18 and 49 now account for 58% of all newly confirmed coronavirus cases in the county.

Retweets Requested To Help Fledgling RestaurantCocina Express opened this year...and then the pandemic struck. Lesley Marin reports.

Airbnb Sues Promoter Over Glendora Mansion Party This SummerAirbnb Inc. Monday sued the organizer of a party held at a Glendora mansion this summer that attracted about 700 people, despite concerns by health officials that such events could be spreading grounds for COVID-19. Katie Johnston reports.

Montclair Man Arrested In Seal Beach Road Rage Incident Involving BB GunA Montclair man is in custody Monday following an alleged road rage incident in Seal Beach. Katie Johnston reports.

UCLA Study Finds That Vast Majority Of Calif. Gig Workers Struggling To Make Ends MeetA new report out of UCLA has found that four in every five California freelance workers have struggled to cover cost of living expenses during the coronavirus pandemic. Katie Johnston reports.

Kobe Bryant's 2008 NBA Finals Jersey Put On Display At National Museum Of African American History And CultureThe Sunday whites Kobe Bryant wore in Game 5 of the 2008 NBA Finals have been added to the Smithsonians National Museum of African American History and Culture. Katie Johnston reports.

Universal CityWalk, Cal State Northridge To Serve As Vote Center For November ElectionUniversal CityWalk and Cal State Northridge were added Monday to a list of venues that will serve as voting centers for the November election. Katie Johnston reports.

Woman Coming To Court For Identity Theft Case Arrested For EDD FraudJazmine Ugalde, 31, faces several charges of identity theft and unemployment fraud. Suzanne Marques reports.

Ballot Drop Box Catches Fire In Baldwin Park; Arson Investigation UnderwayAuthorities are investigating a fire which damaged an official ballot drop box Sunday night in Baldwin Park, damaging countless ballots in the process. Tina Patel reports.

Dodgers Outfielder Cody Bellinger Dislocates Shoulder Celebrating Game 7 NLCS HomerDodgers outfielder Cody Bellinger was the hero on Sunday night, crushing a solo homer in the bottom of the seventh inning that put the team up 4-3 which would prove to be the final score. But, in the excitement of the moment following the big home run, Bellinger appears to have done some damage to his oft injured right shoulder. Katie Johnston reports.

Teacher of The Week: Rhiannon ChavezThe Los Angeles Chargers, CBS2/KCAL9 and the LAUSD congratulate Rhiannon Chavez of 186th Street Elementary School! Not only is Rhiannon 'Teacher Of The Week', but she will also compete for the LA County 'Teacher Of The Year'

Woodland Hills Woman Recovering After Being Stranded In Zion National Park Nearly 2 WeeksHolly Courtier had injured her head on a tree and could not get back to help on her own. DeMarco Morgan reports.

Woman Arrested For EDD Fraud As She Arrived At Riverside Superior Court For Unrelated Identity Theft CaseA woman arrived at Riverside Superior Court to face charges in one identity theft and fraud case only to be arrested on suspicion of unemployment insurance fraud, Riverside police said Monday. Katie Johnston reports.

Chapman University Students Return To In-Person Classes MondayFor the first time in seven months, undergraduate students at Chapman University were allowed to return to campus for in-person classes Monday, this just days after a coronavirus outbreak among the school community.

San Bernardino Teacher Arrested For Sending 'Sexually Charged' Text Messages To Middle School StudentA teacher at Public Safety Academy in San Bernardino faces charges of sending sexually charged text messages to a middle school student. Katie Johnston reports.

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Thousands Of Trump Supporters Line Streets In Newport Beach To Welcome The President - CBS Los Angeles

Shaw airman charged in connection with shooting deaths in Myrtle Beach – AirForceTimes.com

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Senior Airman Samuel Alexander Frye, Jr., who is stationed at Shaw Air Force Base in South Carolina, was charged Oct. 15 with accessory after the fact of felony or murder, according to local authorities.

The Myrtle Beach Police Department said the charges stem from an Oct. 12 shooting at Allens Food Market in South Carolina. According to local news outlet WMBF News, two victims Darius Hemingway and Antonio Woods were killed and several others suffered injuries.

Myrtle Beach is about 106 miles east of the base.

Frye joined the service in April 2018 and is assigned to the 20th Equipment Maintenance Squadron based out of Shaw, Air Force Personnel Center officials told Air Force Times. Information was not available regarding personal decorations, but the command said the info may not be complete or up to date.

Its unclear whether Frye is currently in police custody, but WMBF News reports he had a bail hearing on deck for Friday morning. The Myrtle Beach Police Department did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

The police department said in a Facebook post late Thursday that an investigation into the incident is ongoing.

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Shaw airman charged in connection with shooting deaths in Myrtle Beach - AirForceTimes.com

For $399,000, five-bedroom Mastic Beach house near the water – Newsday

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A short walk to the beach is the benefit of this large home in the Osprey Point waterfront area of Mastic Beach. The other? Despite its proximity to water, it is not in the flood zone as are many other houses in the community. The home is listed for $399,000.

"Its a beautiful home," says Lisa Jaeger, listing agent at Keller Williams. "And its big."

The two-story, five-bedroom, two-bath home, built in 1974, has an updated kitchen, including custom maple cabinets, Corian countertops, and hardwood floors. Each of the bathrooms has also been updated.

The living room has a wood-burning fireplace, and there are Anderson windows throughout.

In the flat, fully fenced quarter-acre yard is a 20-by-10-foot patio with a retractable awning. A detached 1-car garage has both a front and side entrance.

The central air conditioning system, on two zones as is the heat, has a UV-light purification system.

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"It kills any bacteria that may be in the AC system," Jaeger says.

The home also comes with a 10-kilowatt Generac generator that can electrify the house when the utility power is out.

The present owners are empty-nesters, and are looking to move to warmer climes, Jaeger says.

The home is within the William Floyd School District boundary. Taxes are $9,300.

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For $399,000, five-bedroom Mastic Beach house near the water - Newsday

Market in Virginia Beach opens for veterans and their families – WAVY.com

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VIRGINIA BEACH, Va. (WAVY) Supporting our military members and their families, a military market has popped up in Virginia Beach.

This was the second Military Owned Market event this year.

Its focused on military families, so whether thats a veteran-owned business, a veteran-spouse-owned business, even active-duty family-owned business, said 1701 operations manager Alexandra Craig.

Vendors sell everything from coffee and food, to clothing, cleaning items, beautiful shells and hot sauce.

Its a great way to support so many people in our community of people who often get moved around a lot, who have a hard time establishing a footing in their business and so just as a community, in general, its a good way to support those neighbors, said Craig.

Craig says an event like this was missing in our community.

Were home to so many military families and a lot of those have businesses of their own and there wasnt a platform for them to share so we wanted to create that, she said.

The markets pop up on the third Saturday of every month.

Craig says the next market will be from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. at the same spot on Baltic Avenue in Virginia Beach.

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Market in Virginia Beach opens for veterans and their families - WAVY.com

A tiny boat was discovered on a remote beach 27 years after it was launched by teachers – CNN

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The red, white and blue vessel was found at a remote area on Apostle Islands National Seashore in Wisconsin with a very intentional message on the bottom.

"I am traveling to the ocean. Please put me back in the water. Will you send information on your whereabouts to: Lakewood School Room 116 & 118 5207 N. Tischer Duluth, MN (scribbled out zip code) 53304," the message reads.

There was no date, and no one knew where it came from until the school did a little digging.

It turns out two teachers, Brenda Schell and Bonnie Fritch, did a lesson on the book "Paddle-to-the-Sea" in 1993 and 1994 and two wooden boats were part of the lesson.

"A friend of Brenda's made the boats for us and our classes painted them and added the message to the bottom. On our end of the year field trip for our Duluth unit we stopped at Brighton Beach to launch the boats."

After almost 27 years, the boat was still in good shape making its way around the lake though, obviously, it's not known where it was the entire time.

"I am not sure what happened to Brenda's boat but mine was spotted a year later up the North Shore. The people put a second coat of varnish on the boat and relaunched it. I thought we wouldn't hear any more about it. Amazing it is still out there," Fritch added.

Lynn BeBeau and her husband were the ones who discovered this little wooden boat while out hiking on the lakeshore across from Eagle Island.

"It was a very fun and unexpected -- extremely -- unexpected discovery," BeBeau told CNN.

"We decided we wanted to go check out this area and my husband sees this red wood sticking out. He goes to pick it up and it's this crazy little boat!"

She said they didn't expect it to be as old as it was. They assume a storm put it on that beach years ago, based on how protected the area is from the elements.

"That little boat took on a journey of its own," BeBeau said.

After taking photos that are on the They released the boat back into the water like the inscription instructed, but the experience left BeBeau with a sense of wonder and greater appreciation for the unknown.

"You just never know what you are going to find, so get out there and explore because there is stuff to be found," she said.

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A tiny boat was discovered on a remote beach 27 years after it was launched by teachers - CNN

New Westminster Libertarian doing double duty in 2020 election campaign – The Record (New Westminster)

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Don Wilson is doing double duty with the BC Libertarians.

Wilson, who is the leader of the BC Libertarian Party, is also the partys candidate in the New Westminster riding. He was elected as the partys leader in 2018, after joining the party the year before.

The provincial election was only a couple months away and I was trying to find a political home. I was an odd political creature, fiscally conservative but socially liberal, he said in a statement to the Record. I first encounteredlibertarianideas in 2012 seeing Ron Paul's effort to become the Republican Nominee for U.S. president. He spoke against wars of aggression; he articulated a clearly defined role for government and preached a tolerance for others. His message resonated for me like a bell. It wasn't until Ifound the BCLibertarianParty in 2017 that made the connection between what Dr. Paul was saying and the libertarian political philosophy. I was hooked. I became a candidate right away and ran for president at the next annual general meeting in late2017. The following year I was elected party leader, a post I have been honoured to hold since.

According to Wilson, the BC Libertarian Party, which is fielding 25 candidates in ridings across B.C., puts an emphasis on limited government, civil liberties and the protection of private property rights.

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New Westminster Libertarian doing double duty in 2020 election campaign - The Record (New Westminster)