Panarchy (from pan and archy), coined by Paul Emile de Puydt in 1860, is a form of governance that would encompass all others.[1] The Oxford English Dictionary lists the noun as "chiefly poetic" with the meaning "a universal realm," citing an 1848 attestation by Philip James Bailey, "the starry panarchy of space". The adjective panarchic "all-ruling" has earlier attestations.[2] In the twentieth century the term was re-coined separately by scholars in international relations to describe the notion of global governance and then by systems theorists to describe non-hierarchical organizing theories.
In his 1860 article "Panarchy" de Puydt, who also expressed support for laissez-faire economics, applied the concept to the individual's right to choose any form of government without being forced to move from their current locale. This is sometimes described as "extra-territorial" (or "exterritorial") since governments often would serve non-contiguous parcels of land. De Puydt wrote:
The truth is that there is not enough of the right kind of freedom, the fundamental freedom to choose to be free or not to be free, according to one's preference....Thus I demand, for each and every member of human society, freedom of association according to inclination and of activity according to aptitude. In other words, the absolute right to choose the political surroundings in which to live, and to ask for nothing else.
De Puydt described how such a system would be administered:
In each community a new office is opened, a "Bureau of Political Membership". This office would send every responsible citizen a declaration form to fill in, just as for the income tax or dog registration: Question: What form of government would you desire? Quite freely you would answer, monarchy, or democracy, or any other... and once registered, unless you withdrew your declaration, respecting the legal forms and delays, you would thereby become either a royal subject or citizen of the republic. Thereafter you are in no way involved with anyone else's governmentno more than a Prussian subject is with Belgian authorities.
De Puydts definition of panarchy was expanded into a political philosophy of panarchism. It has been espoused by anarchist or libertarian-leaning individuals, including especially Max Nettlau[3] and John Zube.[4][5]
Le Grand E. Day and others have used the phrase "multigovernment" to describe a similar system.[6] Another similar idea is Functional Overlapping Competing Jurisdictions (FOCJ) promoted by Swiss economists Bruno Frey and Reiner Eichenberger.
James P. Sewell and Mark B. Salter in their 1995 article "Panarchy and Other Norms for Global Governance define panarchy as an inclusive, universal system of governance in which all may participate meaningfully." They romanticize the term by mentioning the playful Greek god Pan of sylvan and pastoral tranquillity, overseer of forests, shepherd of shepherds and their flocks. It thus connotes an archetypal steward of biospheric well-being."[7]
David Ronfeldt and John Arquilla, in their work on Netwar, which they describe as an emergent form of low intensity conflict, crime, and activism, that: "The design is a heterarchy, but also what might be termed a 'panarchy.'"[8]
Paul B. Hartzog writes in "Panarchy: Governance in the Network Age": Panarchy is a transdisciplinary investigation into the political and cultural philosophy of network culture. The primary fields of relevance for panarchy are world politics (international relations), political philosophy/theory, and information technology. Panarchy also draws on insights from information/communications theory, economics, sociology, networks, and complex systems."[9]
In Paul B. Hartzog's work, the term "panarchy" emerges at the intersection of three core concepts: 1) ecology and complex systems, 2) technology, and 3) politics. The "pan" of ecological thinking draws on the Greek-god Pan as a symbol for wild and unpredictable nature. The "pan" of technology refers to the Personal Area Network (a personal area network is the interconnection of information technology devices within the range of an individual person) that merges human beings into an interconnected global social web. The "pan" of politics refers to the "inside/outside" distinction, and how, in an era of global challenges and global governance, the frame-of-reference for a global social has no outside.
Systems theory is an interdisciplinary field of science which studies the nature and processes of complex systems of the physical and social sciences, as well as in information technology. Lance Gunderson and C. S. Holling, in their book Panarchy: Understanding Transformations in Systems of Humans and Nature coopted the term, saying:
The term [panarchy] was coined as an antithesis to the word hierarchy (literally, sacred rules). Our view is that panarchy is a framework of nature's rules, hinted at by the name of the Greek god of nature, Pan.
The publisher describes the book's theory thus:
Panarchy, a term devised to describe evolving hierarchical systems with multiple interrelated elements, offers an important new framework for understanding and resolving this dilemma. Panarchy is the structure in which systems, including those of nature (e.g., forests) and of humans (e.g., capitalism), as well as combined human-natural systems (e.g., institutions that govern natural resource use such as the Forest Service), are interlinked in continual adaptive cycles of growth, accumulation, restructuring, and renewal.
In Panarchy Gunderson and Holling write:
The cross-scale, interdisciplinary, and dynamic nature of the theory has led us to coin the term panarchy for it. Its essential focus is to rationalize the interplay between change and persistence, between the predictable and unpredictable.
See more here:
- Quietism and Activism | On the Mark - March 6th, 2018 [March 6th, 2018]
- Free Advice - April 6th, 2018 [April 6th, 2018]
- Markets - Casey Research - April 6th, 2018 [April 6th, 2018]
- Use volunteer in a sentence | volunteer sentence examples - May 7th, 2018 [May 7th, 2018]
- Christianarchism | the bastion of Christian anarchism! - May 12th, 2018 [May 12th, 2018]
- The Atlantean Conspiracy - May 15th, 2018 [May 15th, 2018]
- How to download videos from youtube on java? - Stack Overflow - June 10th, 2018 [June 10th, 2018]
- Southwest Pilot Was As Cool As A Cucumber During Engine ... - June 15th, 2018 [June 15th, 2018]
- Unschooling - Wikipedia - July 5th, 2018 [July 5th, 2018]
- Individual - Wikipedia - July 5th, 2018 [July 5th, 2018]
- Questions for Head of Department Interview | One Damn Thing - July 13th, 2018 [July 13th, 2018]
- The Right and Wrong of Compulsion by the State and Other ... - July 15th, 2018 [July 15th, 2018]
- News - WendyMcElroy.com - August 5th, 2018 [August 5th, 2018]
- Voluntaryism In Action: Fairy Tale Park In Oregon Gets A ... - September 26th, 2018 [September 26th, 2018]
- What is a Voluntaryist? - Zero Aggression Project - November 21st, 2018 [November 21st, 2018]
- Do it yourself - Wikipedia - December 8th, 2018 [December 8th, 2018]
- Voluntarism | Define Voluntarism at Dictionary.com - February 16th, 2019 [February 16th, 2019]
- Amazon.com: Customer reviews: The God of Atheists - February 23rd, 2019 [February 23rd, 2019]
- Quick and Clean: 40 Non-Processed Snacks That Meet Your ... - March 8th, 2019 [March 8th, 2019]
- Free State Project - Wikipedia - March 8th, 2019 [March 8th, 2019]
- The Voluntaryist - April 26th, 2019 [April 26th, 2019]
- Hatzalah - Wikipedia - May 11th, 2019 [May 11th, 2019]
- Introduction to Voluntaryism - The Art of Not Being Governed - May 19th, 2019 [May 19th, 2019]
- The Panarchist Solution to a World Divided - CounterPunch - December 21st, 2019 [December 21st, 2019]
- Bear Lake Hill Climbs were a success | News-Examiner - The Herald Journal - February 12th, 2020 [February 12th, 2020]
- Satyaniti and Swaraj constitute the historical backbone of India - Global News Hut - March 26th, 2020 [March 26th, 2020]
- Satyaniti and Swaraj constitute the historical backbone of the socio-political order of India, through the ages - OpIndia - March 26th, 2020 [March 26th, 2020]
- Satyaniti and Swaraj: The True Twin Pillars Of Society - Youth Ki Awaaz - March 26th, 2020 [March 26th, 2020]
- Black Friday Is Capitalism at Its Most Beautiful | Cole Webb Harter - Foundation for Economic Education - July 30th, 2020 [July 30th, 2020]
- Led Zeppelins Jimmy Page revealed the song that changed his life - Far Out Magazine - August 8th, 2020 [August 8th, 2020]
- What you need to know for Thursday, August 6 - Lompoc Record - August 8th, 2020 [August 8th, 2020]
- Rocket Propulsion Market 2020: Overview and Share Forecasted to 2027 - Market Research Posts - August 8th, 2020 [August 8th, 2020]
- Voluntaryism | Polcompball Wiki | Fandom - October 8th, 2020 [October 8th, 2020]
- voluntaryist.com - Fundamentals of Voluntaryism - October 8th, 2020 [October 8th, 2020]
- Black Friday Is Capitalism at Its Most Beautiful | Cole Webb Harter - Foundation for Economic - December 5th, 2020 [December 5th, 2020]
- Communism Quotes (1054 quotes) - Goodreads - November 13th, 2021 [November 13th, 2021]
- Frdric Bastiat Quotes (Author of The Law) - November 13th, 2021 [November 13th, 2021]
- Private police in the United States - Wikipedia - October 19th, 2022 [October 19th, 2022]
- Alexis de Tocqueville Quotes (Author of Democracy in America) - Goodreads - October 19th, 2022 [October 19th, 2022]
- Anarchist symbolism - Wikipedia - October 27th, 2022 [October 27th, 2022]
- Richard Epstein - Wikipedia - October 27th, 2022 [October 27th, 2022]
- Portal:Libertarianism - Wikipedia - October 27th, 2022 [October 27th, 2022]
- Frdric Bastiat Quotes (Author of The Law) - Goodreads - October 27th, 2022 [October 27th, 2022]
- Jeff Bezos' Housekeeper Says She Had to Climb Out the Window to Use the Bathroom - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- China Plans to Send Monkeys to Space Station to Have Sex With Each Other - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Huge Drone Swarm to Form Giant Advertisement Over NYC Skyline - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Hackers Just Took Down One of the World's Most Advanced Telescopes - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- AOC Says Her Twitter Account Broke After She Made Fun of Elon Musk - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Chinese Spaceplane Releases Mystery Object Into Orbit - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- That "Research" About How Smartphones Are Causing Deformed Human Bodies Is SEO Spam, You Idiots - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Elon Musk Meeting With Advertisers, Begging Them Not to Leave Twitter - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- US Gov to Crack Down on "Bossware" That Spies On Employees' Computers - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- This Deepfake AI Singing Dolly Parton's "Jolene" Is Worryingly Good - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Scientists Found a Way to Control How High Mice Got on Cocaine - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Scientists Spot "Stripped, Pulsating Core" of Star Caused By Horrific Accident - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Manslaughter Case Has a Strange Twist: Tesla That Killed Couple Was on Autopilot - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Twitter Working on Plan to Charge Users to Watch Videos - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Scientists Use Actual Lunar Soil Sample to Create Rocket Fuel - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Cats May Be Tampering With Crime Scenes, Scientists Say - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- NASA Sets Launch Date for Mission to $10 Quintillion Asteroid - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Greta Thunberg Says UN Climate Conference Is a Scam and She's Not Attending - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- There's Something Strange About How These Stars Are Moving, Scientists Say - November 4th, 2022 [November 4th, 2022]
- Amazing Map Lets You Scroll Through the Entire Known Universe - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- NASA Tells Astronauts That Tweeting Isn't As Important as Staying Alive - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Ticketmaster May Have Finally Met Its Match: Furious Swifties - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- So Many People Are Using a Diabetes Drug for Weight Loss That Actual Diabetics Are Having Trouble Getting It - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Twitter Claims Video of Moon Rocket Launch Is Revenge Porn - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Experts Excoriate NASA Report Claiming James Webb Wasn't Homophobic - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Behind the Lawsuit Against Celebs Who Shilled FTX Before Its Spectacular Meltdown - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Elon Musk Locks Twitter Employees Out Office, Then Asks Them to Meet Him on the 10th Floor - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- "Elon" Plummets in Popularity as a Baby Name for Some Reason - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Experts Baffled by Why NASA’s “Red Crew” Wear Blue Shirts - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Startup Says It's Building a Giant CO2 Battery in the United States - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Panicked Elon Musk Reportedly Begging Engineers Not to Leave - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Celebrities' Bored Apes Are Hilariously Worthless Now - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Sam Bankman-Fried Admits the "Ethics Stuff" Was "Mostly a Front" - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- NASA Drops Stunning New James Webb Image of a Star Being Born - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Celebrities Are Officially Being Sued by FTX Retail Investors - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- Former Facebook Exec Says Zuckerberg Has Surrounded Himself With Sycophants - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]
- NASA Orders Press Not to Photograph Launch Site After Moon Mission Takes Off - November 20th, 2022 [November 20th, 2022]