Space Station 76 (2014) Full Movie – YouTube

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Movie Synopsis: Space Station 76 is a refueling satellite near an alternate-reality Earth, circa 1976. Jessica arrives to serve as the station's new first mate. While she narrates a piece about how she likes the predictability of asteroids, some placidly drifting asteroids are shown colliding in chain-reaction fashion. While at first the station appears normal and the people friendly, Jessica soon discovers that the people on board have issues due to the isolation and stress of being cooped up with one another in a relatively small space far from Earth. This is in addition the usual problems people struggle with, such as infidelity, loneliness, depression, and drug abuse. She tries to make friends and fit in, but, unable to connect meaningfully with anyone, she becomes lonely. She's baffled and disillusioned by the stiff and irritable Captain Glenn, who harbors secrets of his own. She finds herself drawn to Ted, a lonely, married crewman, and his 7 year-old daughter, Sunshine. Ted yearns to reconnect with his unhappy, medicated wife, Misty, but she's too far gone to respond and is driving him away. His daughter Sunshine contends with her unhappy, mentally ill mother and her own isolation issues. Events finally come to a head at a Christmas party when a rapidly unhinging Misty decides everyone needs to play the "Truth Game." Just when it seems like everything's falling apart, a celestial event shakes everyone to their core, reminding them what their real priorities in life should be.. Or maybe Space Station 76.

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How Space Station Tech Is Helping the Fight Against Cancer

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One of the tools used in the fight against cancer is, quite literally, out of this world.

Research performed on the International Space Station and its predecessors, along with technology developed initially for work in space, play important roles in understanding the disease and improving treatments.

When the Soviet Union launched Salyut 1, the first space station, into orbit in the 1970s, humans began spending more and more time in extremely low-gravity environments. On the International Space Station today, gravity ranges from 1,000 to 1,000,000 times less than the force experienced on Earth. These weightless environments are also known as "microgravity" environments, offering an invaluable platform for cancer research in space.

In a recent article published in the journal Nature Reviews Cancer, cell biologist Jeanne Becker, of Nano3D biosciences in Houston, explored how microgravity environments in space stations of the past and present allow biologists to study the cells in three-dimensional growth environments similar to those experienced in the human body. [Space Shuttle Science: What It Did for You]

On Earth, gravityflattens the cells in a lab, but in space they retain their rounded shapes. At the same time, in microgravity, the cells arrange themselves into three-dimensional groupings, or aggregates, that bear a strong resemblance to what happens inside the human body. Becker was the principle investigatorfor a space station experiment that focused on ovarian cancer cells, according to a NASA statement.

Since 2003, the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), has studied the high-quality crystals formed by protein molecules in space, where microgravity no longer causes flows based on density differences and the sinking of heavier particles. The resulting orderly formation of protein crystals may hold the key to treating diseases. One newfound protein, H-PGDS, plays a useful role in the treatment of muscular dystrophy.

Another study, Cellbox-Thyroid, examines cancer at a cellular level. Building on findings from a previous investigation, Cellbox-Thyroid studies the spherical structure of cancer cells in microgravity and how they spread, potentially providing an improved understanding on what drives the cells.

Not all space research requires a station.

One team of scientists, led by Daniela Grimm, a researcher with the Laboratory of Space Medicine and Space Pharmacology at Aarhus University in Denmark, studied the Science in Microgravity Box (SIMBOX) on the Shenzhou 8 spacecraft, an unmanned Chinese spacecraft that docked with that country's Tiangong 1 space module in 2011. The team determined that some tumors seem to become less aggressive in microgravity than they are on Earth. Grimm and her colleagues continue to search for as many genes and proteins as possible that are affected by microgravity. [10 Do's and Don'ts to Reduce Your Risk of Cancer]

Doctors have plenty of experience fighting cancer on the ground. But astronauts in space are constantly bombarded by cosmic rays, a different form of radiation than is experienced on Earth, where gamma and X-ray radiation prevail. The different types of radiation can produce different changes in human DNA, the genetic material present in nearly every cell in the body.

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SpaceX readies barge for off-shore rocket landing

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A 300-foot-long barge will be used as an off-shore landing platform during launch of a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket Friday. The primary goal of the flight is to deliver critical supplies and equipment to the space station, but SpaceX hopes to land the rocket's first stage on the barge for possible refurbishment and reuse -- a key milestone in the company's push to reduce launch costs. Harwood/CBS News

SpaceX engineers are gearing up to launch a Dragon cargo ship atop a Falcon 9 rocket Friday for the company's fifth operational space station resupply mission. And if all goes well, the Falcon 9's first stage will attempt to land on a barge stationed off the coast of Jacksonville, Fla., a key milestone in SpaceX founder Elon Musk's drive to lower costs by reusing boosters that otherwise would be discarded in the sea.

The Marmac 300, a platform barge listed on McDonough Marine Service's website and modified for use by SpaceX, features a spacious deck measuring 300 feet long and 170 feet wide. The barge, which SpaceX calls an autonomous spaceport drone ship, was seen by reporters over the weekend docked adjacent to the Jacksonville cruise ship terminal.

"Reusability is the critical breakthrough needed in rocketry to take things to the next level," Musk said during the MIT AeroAstro Centennial Symposium in October. "We've been able to soft land the rocket booster in the ocean twice so far. Unfortunately, it sort of sat there for several seconds then tipped over and exploded (laughter). It's quite difficult to reuse. It's as tall as a 14-story building. When a 14-story building falls over, it's quite a belly flop!

"So what we need to do is be able to either land on a floating platform or ideally boost back to the launch site and land back at the launch site. But before we boost back to the launch site and try to land there, we need to show that we can land with precision over and over again, otherwise something bad could happen."

The SpaceX barge would appear to be an ideal offshore landing platform. The deck's dimensions are listed as 300 feet by 100 feet on McDonough Marine's website, but the barge was widened by two wing-like additions seen extending from its sides. Company officials did not return a phone call seeking additional information, but the barge is believed to be equipped with powerful thrusters capable of maintaining its position to within a few tens of feet and internal water tanks to help damp out wave action.

An industry source said the platform will be operated remotely or autonomously on launch day with a crew stationed on another ship a safe distance away.

The width of the Marmac 300 barge was extended to provide additional landing space for the Falcon 9 first stage, which has a leg span of some 70 feet. The dimensions of the landing platform are 300 feet by about 170 feet.

Harwood/CBS News

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Russia 'Considering' Constructing Rival To International Space Station With Recession Looming

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There soon could be more than one massive space station floating above Earths atmosphere if Russia follows through on a plan to construct a rival to the International Space Station. I confirm we are considering such an option, Oleg Ostapenko, head of the Russian space agency Roscosmos, told news agency RIA Novotsi, as quoted by Reuters. This is a possible direction of development.

NASA expects the $100 billion ISS, which is maintained and shared by 15 countries, to remain in service until at least 2024. Yet rumors have circulated in the Russian media for months that the Kremlin, which is engaged in prolonged, intense hostility with the West over Ukraine and other issues, hopes to build its own space station. With the oil-dependent country facing a currency crisis and expected to enter recession in 2015, however, experts wonder where the funding would come from.

How can they suddenly plan a new space station? Its impossible, Russian space industry analyst Pavel Luzin told the English-languageMoscow Times.

Officials have maintained that Russia will honor its commitment with the ISS, a partnership that lasts until 2020. Also, in September Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Rogozin, head of the space industry, said the federal space budget for the years 2016 to 2025 will dedicate 321 billion rubles ($6.8 billion) to continuing development on the ISS.

Experts have suggested that the contradiction only highlights the current conflict within the Kremlin. President Vladimir Putins popularity has hovered around 80 percent, in part because of a Russian national image thats become more assertive even as the value of the ruble falls.

The best thing for the economy short of an oil price which the Kremlin has no influence over would be to negotiate a settlement with Ukraine and climb down the escalation, foreign policy expect and Russian commentator Ian Bremmer told Business Insider. But that flies against whats actually sustained Putins popularity and the primary driver of his entire strategy for the past year.

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Russia 'Considering' Constructing Rival To International Space Station With Recession Looming

SpaceX to attempt rocket landing at sea

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REUTERS/Michael Brown A Falcon 9 rocket is launched by Space Exploration Technologies on its fourth cargo resupply service mission to the International Space Station, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida September 21, 2014.

Space Exploration Technologies will attempt to land its Falcon 9 rocket on a sea platform following launch on Friday, company officials said, a vital step to prove its precision landing capabilities needed before it can gain a ground landing license.

SpaceX, as the California-based firm is known, has been working on developing technology to return its rockets intact so they can be refurbished and reflown, dramatically cutting costs.

Falcon rockets practiced ocean touchdowns in September 2013 and twice the following year, demonstrating their ability to relight engines, position nose-up and deploy landing legs. But the rockets toppled over and smashed into the sea. Returning anything from space is a challenge, but returning a Falcon 9 first stage for a precision landing presents a number of additional hurdles, the company said in a statement.

At 14 stories tall and traveling upwards of 1,300 miles per second (2,092 km per second), stabilizing the Falcon 9 first stage for reentry is like trying to balance a rubber broomstick on your hand in the middle of a wind storm, SpaceX said.

SpaceX put the odds of success at about 50 percent. Though the probability of success ... is low, we expect to gather critical data to support future landing testing, it said.

Launch is scheduled for 1:22 p.m. EST from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

After separating from the capsule and the rockets upper-stage booster, the first stage will attempt to slow its fall back through the atmosphere by relighting its Merlin engines three times and positioning itself using steerable fins.

The landing target is a specially made floating platform that will be positioned in the Atlantic Ocean about 200 miles (322 km) northeast of Cape Canaveral.

Though the barge has thrusters for stability it will not be anchored. Finding the bullseye becomes particularly tricky, SpaceX said.

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NASAs MAVEN mission identifies reasons behind Mars' atmospheric loss

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Image: NASAs MAVEN mission is observing the upper atmosphere of Mars to help understand climate change on the planet. MAVEN entered its science phase on Nov. 16, 2014. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Provided by Nancy Neal-Jones, NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center

Early discoveries by NASAs newest Mars orbiter are starting to reveal key features about the loss of the planets atmosphere to space over time.

The findings are among the first returns from NASAs Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission, which entered its science phase on Nov. 16. The observations reveal a new process by which the solar wind can penetrate deep into a planetary atmosphere. They include the first comprehensive measurements of the composition of Mars upper atmosphere and electrically charged ionosphere. The results also offer an unprecedented view of ions as they gain the energy that will lead to their to escape from the atmosphere.

We are beginning to see the links in a chain that begins with solar-driven processes acting on gas in the upper atmosphere and leads to atmospheric loss, said Bruce Jakosky, MAVEN principal investigator with the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Over the course of the full mission, well be able to fill in this picture and really understand the processes by which the atmosphere changed over time.

On each orbit around Mars, MAVEN dips into the ionosphere the layer of ions and electrons extending from about 75 to 300 miles above the surface. This layer serves as a kind of shield around the planet, deflecting the solar wind, an intense stream of hot, high-energy particles from the sun.

[ Watch the Video: First Light for MAVEN ]

Scientists have long thought that measurements of the solar wind could be made only before these particles hit the invisible boundary of the ionosphere. MAVENs Solar Wind Ion Analyzer, however, has discovered a stream of solar-wind particles that are not deflected but penetrate deep into Mars upper atmosphere and ionosphere.

Interactions in the upper atmosphere appear to transform this stream of ions into a neutral form that can penetrate to surprisingly low altitudes. Deep in the ionosphere, the stream emerges, almost Houdini-like, in ion form again. The reappearance of these ions, which retain characteristics of the pristine solar wind, provides a new way to track the properties of the solar wind and may make it easier to link drivers of atmospheric loss directly to activity in the upper atmosphere and ionosphere.

MAVENs Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer is exploring the nature of the reservoir from which gases are escaping by conducting the first comprehensive analysis of the composition of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. These studies will help researchers make connections between the lower atmosphere, which controls climate, and the upper atmosphere, where the loss is occurring.

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Bristol SpacePlanes launches crowd-funding campaign to help it get into orbit

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The Ascender space plane, designed by David Ashford of Bristol SpacePlanes

Bristolians are being invited to help launch planes into space in a new crowd-funding campaign.

Bristol SpacePlanes, a local firm which hopes to one day make space travel affordable, wants to raise 10,000 to build the first model of its Ascender space plane.

Founder David Ashford believes organisations such as NASA having being going about space travel the wrong way and that it could become much cheaper by reviving some old ideas from the 1960s.

The main barrier is not the technology, but changing peoples mindset he said. The technology is proven its just a case of getting people to believe.

Support us and you will, we truly believe, be helping us to bring spaceflight to the masses within 15 years.

One the reasons space flight is so expensive, costing millions of pounds to send an astronaut into space, is that rockets burn out and cant be re-used.

Imagine how much motoring would cost if we threw away the car after every journey, said David.

It is clear that an airliner that could fly to orbit would transform this situation. It could provide an airline service to orbit and open up large new markets, especially tourist visits to space hotels.

What is less well known is that in the 1960s most big aircraft companies in Europe and the USA studied space planes in depth. There was a consensus that space planes were the obvious next step and that they were just about feasible with the technology of the day.

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Bristol SpacePlanes launches crowd-funding campaign to help it get into orbit

Apollo 13 mission director, 3 others to enter Aviation Hall of fame

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The steadfast mission control director under pressure as astronauts lives hung in the balance in the 1970 Apollo 13 mission, and a man dubbed the architect of American space flight are two of four inductees into the National Aviation Hall of Fame Class of 2015.

NAHF announced the inductees Tuesday on the eve of the 111th anniversary of the first-powered flight by Dayton aviation pioneers Wilbur and Orville Wright at Kitty Hawk, N.C., on Dec. 17, 1903.

Retired Air Force Brig. Gen. Robert L. Cardenas, former NASA space flight director Eugene Kranz, the late Robert N. Hartzell, a propeller-making pioneer, and the late Abe Silverstein, architect of the NASA space program, were chosen among 200 nominees, said Ron Kaplan, National Aviation Hall of Fame pioneer.

Collectively, they span the history of manned flight and individually each one stands as an icon in their own community of aviation, Kaplan said.

The Hall of Fame, inside the National Museum of the U.S. Air Force, will formally induct the aviation and space pioneers in an Oct. 2, 2015 ceremony at the museum.

* Cardenas, 95, of San Diego, Calif., was the pilot on the mother ship B-29 bomber on the record-breaking X-1 program, the first jet-powered aircraft to break the sound barrier in level flight on Oct. 14, 1947 over the California desert. Aviation buffs know Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier but Cardenas was flying the four-engine B-29 on its test flights, Kaplan said.

A World War II bomber pilot, Cardenas was chief pilot on the XB-49 flying wing test flights and a commanding officer of a F-105 Thunderchief unit in Southeast Asia and in the Air Force Special Operations Force. In his Air Force career, he was a test pilot at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base and attended the Air Force Institute of Technology, according to his military biography.

* The late Robert N. Hartzell, who was born in Greenville, Ohio and grew up in Dayton, started a company that manufactured propellers for Liberty engines in World War I. Orville Wright encouraged Hartzell, the son of a woodworker, to build propellers, Kaplan said. The company had a stint manufacturing planes. It assembled both wood and metal propellers for World War II aircraft. In the post-war era, Hartzell Propeller, based in Piqua, developed lightweight and more controllable propellers, NAHF said.

Robert Hartzell died in 1968.

* Eugene Gene Kranz, 81, a Toledo native and former NASA director of mission operations who gained fame as the flight director of the troubled Apollo 13 mission that never landed on the moon after an explosion on the spacecraft, but returned three astronauts safely to Earth. He was a co-recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his role in the Apollo 13 mission, where he is perhaps best remembered for the phrase failure is not an option.

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Wonkblog: The mesmerizing view of Christmas lights from space

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From Christmas to Ramadan, images of the Earth taken from space show how we use lights differently during the holidays. (NASA)

The holiday spirit can now be quantified and measured -- as a brightening of nighttime lighting so distinctive that, if you have the right technology to observe it, is visible from space.

Such is the upshot of a new series of powerful NASA satellite-based composite images, showing major increases in night lighting in many U.S. and global cities during the holidays -- and especially in the suburban areas surrounding them.

For instance, here's what the D.C.-Baltimore area looks like (anything colored green means there is more nighttime light at this time of year than in other seasons):

The image above is based on data from the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite, whoseVisible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), capable of glimpsing the side of the Earth that is facing away from the sun,is responsible for the famous "Earth at Night" pictures that we've all seen before.

So what's the reason for increased lighting? It's simple, saysNASA'sMiguel Romn, a physicist at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center who conducted the research behind the images with Eleanor Stokes, a NASA fellow and Ph.D. student and at Yale."What youre seeing here, anywhere you see green, is Christmas lights from space," says Romn.

"If you look at the spatial trend, you will find, a lot of the green in the DC area is concentrated in the suburbs," he adds.

Here are Los Angeles, San Diego, Phoenix, and Las Vegas:

The composite images are based on the period from the end of Thanksgiving through the first week of January.Only cities not under regular snowfall in winter could be imaged in this way (snow reflects light).

Overall, the researchers found that nighttime lighting increased by 20 to 50 percent in U.S. cities and suburbs during the holiday period, and that suburbs tended to light up more than urban centers. The images are based on data from 2012 and 2013.

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ASRC Federal InuTeq Awarded NASA Program Analysis and Control Contract

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Beltsville, Md. (PRWEB) December 16, 2014

NASA has awarded the Program Analysis and Control IV contract to ASRC Federal InuTeq. The five-year contract, primarily supporting NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., is valued over $290 million.

Under the contract, ASRC Federal InuTeq will provide a wide range of business services, including planning and scheduling, configuration management and documentation support. Additionally, ASRC Federal InuTeq will provide specialty IT services that support critical NASA missions.

We are proud to have earned the opportunity to continue our partnership with NASA Goddard Space Flight Center on the PAAC IV contract, said Mark Gray, ASRC Federal president and CEO. Our team is well-equipped to deliver the evolving services needed to help enable scientists and engineers to focus on NASAs space exploration missions.

NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is one of NASAs major field centers and is dedicated to the development and operation of unmanned spacecraft for scientific research. Since its inception in 1959, NASA Goddard has been involved in numerous key agency programs.

About ASRC Federal ASRC Federal comprises a family of companies that deliver engineering, information technology, logistics and technical services and solutions to U.S. civil and defense agencies. ASRC Federal companies have employees in over 40 locations across the U.S. focused on providing reliable, cost-efficient services that help government customers achieve mission success. Headquartered in Beltsville, Md., ASRC Federal is a wholly owned subsidiary of Arctic Slope Regional Corporation. For more information, please visit: http://www.asrcfederal.com

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Holiday Lights From Space: Satellite Sees Cities Brighten (Photos)

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SAN FRANCISCO Cities around the world brighten considerably during the holiday season, surprising new images from space reveal.

City lights across the United States blaze 20 to 50 percent more brightly in December than they do the rest of the year, and some cities in the Middle East brighten by more than 50 percent during the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, researchers said.

"What's happening during the holidays is that our patterns are changing," study co-leader Miguel Roman, of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, said during a press conference Tuesday (Dec. 16) here at the annual fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union. [Gallery: Holiday Lights From Space]

"People are leaving work for the holiday, and they're turning on the lights," he said, adding that scientists had previously thought that nighttime lights were relatively stable throughout the year. "People are demanding more energy services, and we see that embedded in this data."

Roman and his colleagues analyzed data collected in 2012 and 2013 by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard the Suomi NPP (National Polar-orbiting Partnership) satellite, a joint mission involving NASA and the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

The researchers developed a new algorithm that filtered out clouds and moonlight in the VIIRS data, allowing them to isolate city lights and track how they changed over time. Snow was too reflective for the algorithm to handle, however, so the team looked at 70 warm American cities, all south of St. Louis.

Every one of the 70 (as well as cities and towns throughout Puerto Rico, an unincorporated territory of the United States) lit up just after Thanksgiving and blazed brightly through Jan. 1, Roman said.

"This is telling us something that we all as Americans know, which is that Christmas is not just a religious holiday; it is also a civic holiday," he said. "This space-based retrieval is tracking this national tradition. It's amazing."

The same pattern was also observed throughout the Middle East but the holiday of note in this region is Ramadan, the ninth month in the Islamic calendar. Many Muslims fast during the daylight hours throughout Ramadan, delaying meals and a number of other activities until nightfall.

Cities in Muslim countries such as Jordan and Egypt exhibited the brightness spike during Ramadan while the lights in neighboring Israel remained stable throughout the year, showing that the VIIRS data can track cultural differences, researchers said.

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Holiday Lights From Space: Satellite Sees Cities Brighten (Photos)

Here Are the Best Dressed Stars, Constant Red Carpet Winners of 2014

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by Nicole Adlman Tue., Dec. 16, 2014 8:00 AM PST

If there was ever a time to overuse the word "chic," this would be it.

Our style stars showed out on the red carpets and in the streets this year looking better than ever, but we've narrowed the list down to four leading ladies whose sartorial choices really turned our heads (or, in some cases, unhinged our jaws). That's right: These gals owned their looks whether daytime casual or red carpet-ready, and continually surprised us with unique takes on classic closet staples.

Read on for our picks of the best dressed stars in 2014!

PHOTOS: Celebrity street style

Emma Stone "I've always admiredThe Amazing Spider-Manactress' red carpet style, but in 2014 I became president of her fashion fan club when she stepped out in ensembles like this yellow Versace dress, pink Thakoon number and a seriously swoon-worthy Valentino gown. This year Emma proved once and for all that there is no color or silhouette she can't pull off." Cinya Burton, Senior Editor

PHOTOS: The 2014 British Fashion Awards

Emma Watson "When it comes to effortless class, we could all take a lesson from Miss Watson. I am so in love with her understated elegance and wonderful knack for hitting the right style note, no matter what the occasion. From this oh so simple yet still totally stunning Ralph Lauren Collection white gown, to a contemporary take on classic tailoring in Saint Laurent, Emma has emerged as a style icon for the modern minimalists." Jacqueline Lee, Photo Editor

PHOTOS: Blake Lively's pregnancy style

Blake Lively "Reasons to worship Blake Lively? She's Blake Lively. Since her Gossip Girl days, she's been a consistent member of best-dressed lists everywhere. But this year especially, the blond beauty stepped up her red carpet game like never before. She turned the Cannes International Film Festival into her own personal runway with one drool-worthy look after the next, wearing stunning Gucci gowns and a glittering Chanel Couture halter dress. Safe to say, Blake's a true Queen B of all things glamorous." Lindsey Sirera, Intern

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Two UofL Researchers Named Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors

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Newswise LOUISVILLE, Ky. Two researchers at the University of Louisville today were named Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors (NAI).

Suzanne T. Ildstad, M.D., director of UofLs Institute for Cellular Therapeutics, and Kevin M. Walsh, Ph.D., director of the Micro/Nano Technology Center, were among 170 new Fellows named. They will be inducted by Deputy U.S. Commissioner for Patent Operations Andy Faile of the United States Patent and Trademark Office during the 4th Annual Conference of the National Academy of Inventors on March 20, 2015, at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.

As a premier metropolitan research university, UofL strives to develop ideas into discoveries, then to translate these into forms that benefit all, said UofL Executive Vice President for Research and Innovation William M. Pierce Jr., Ph.D. Drs. Ildstad and Walsh are two of our many brilliant and dedicated scholars who do this every day. We are very proud of them and their achievements.

Those named today bring the total number of NAI Fellows to 414, representing more than 150 prestigious research universities and governmental and non-profit research institutions.

Included among the NAI Fellows are 208 members of the other National Academies, 21 inductees of the National Inventors Hall of Fame, 16 recipients of the U.S. National Medal of Technology and Innovation, 10 recipients of the U.S. National Medal of Science, 21 Nobel Laureates, 11 Lemelson-MIT prize recipients, 107 American Association for the Advancement of Science Fellows, and 62 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Fellows, among other awards and distinctions.

To qualify for election, NAI Fellows must be academic inventors named on U.S. patents and nominated by their peers for outstanding contributions to innovation in areas such as patents and licensing, innovative discovery and technology, significant impact on society and support and enhancement of innovation.

About Suzanne Ildstad: Ildstad is the Jewish Hospital Distinguished Chair in Transplantation and professor in the Department of Surgery in the UofL School of Medicine. She also holds associate appointments in the schools Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology.

Ildstad has 20 patents related to her research and is the founding scientist of Regenerex LLC, a biotechnology company. Her research is being translated into the clinical arena with FDA approval to enroll patients in six different research protocols to treat autoimmune disease (multiple sclerosis) and red blood cell disorders (sickle cell anemia and thalassemia), inherited metabolic disorders and to induce tolerance to organ transplants (kidney).

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California Nanotechnologies Appoints Dr. Enrique Lavernia to the Board

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CERRITOS, CA California Nanotechnologies Corp. (TSX VENTURE: CNO) ("Cal Nano" or the "Company") is pleased to announce the appointment of Dr. Enrique Lavernia, Distinguished Professor and Dean of the College of Engineering at the University of California at Davis, to the Board of Directors of California Nanotechnologies Corp. Dr. Lavernia will replace David F. Grant on the Board. Mr. Grant will continue to support the development of the Company as a consultant.

Since the completion of his PhD in Materials Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1986, Dean Lavernia has served in various positions including as Chair and Chancellor's Professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science at the University of California at Irvine and as Provost and Executive Vice Chancellor of the University of California at Davis. He is a member of several professional organizations and fellowships and serves on various boards of review and advisory panels. In addition to his nine patents, Dean Lavernia has received numerous scholastic awards. He has also been awarded grants from several agencies including the National Science Foundation, the Office of Naval Research, the U.S. Department of Energy, NASA, and the Air Force Office of Scientific Research.

Dean Lavernia will receive 100,000 incentive stock options at a price of $0.11 CAD per share as compensation for joining the Board. The options are governed by the Company's stock option plan as approved at the last annual meeting on October 18, 2013 and as such vest over three years and are exercisable over a term of five years. All options offered by the Company are subject to TSX Venture Exchange (TSX-V) approval.

Dean Lavernia brings to Cal Nano a vast network of contacts and unparalleled expertise in the field of material science. To further support the commercialization of the Company, Dean Lavernia will provide consulting services to develop new and advance existing commercial projects. "The addition of Dean Lavernia to the Cal Nano team will provide additional insight and expertise into the commercial world of Nanotechnology. We look forward to many additional opportunities and commercial successes to come," stated Christopher Melnyk, CEO.

The Company plans to put forward a larger slate of directors at the annual meeting to be held in Calgary this fall. At that time, it will be possible for Mr. David Grant to return to the Board.

Contact Information

For further information, please contact:

Doren Quinton, President QIS Capital T: (250) 377-1182 E: info@smallcaps.ca W: http://www.smallcaps.ca

Andrew Bengis, Chief Financial Officer T: (562) 991-5211 F: (562) 926-6913 E: investorinfo@calnanocorp.com W: http://www.calnanocorp.com

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Researchers generate tunable photon-pair spectrum using room-temperature quantum optics silicon chip

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15-Dec-2014

Contact: Ioana Patringenaru ipatrin@eng.ucsd.edu 858-822-0899 University of California - San Diego @UCSanDiego

A team of researchers from the University of California, San Diego have demonstrated a way to emit and control quantum light generated using a chip made from silicon--one of the most widely used materials for modern electronics.

The UC San Diego researchers recently described their new device's performance online in the journal Nature Communications, available via Open Access .

The researchers say practical applications of quantum optics will seem more feasible if devices for generating and controlling these photons can be manufactured using conventional materials from the semiconductor industry such as silicon. These devices could have applications in secure communications, precise measurements of motion or shape, and sensing using ultra-low levels of light.

For instance, the researchers suggest that their silicon pair-generation chip could be used as part of a more complicated "quantum transceiver" module, which would eventually integrate a controllable photon source with a sensitive photon detector in a single package.

"Optical transceivers have revolutionized data communications, and tens of millions of these devices are used to send billions of bits of data all over the internet and inside data centers every second," said Shayan Mookherjea, an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering at the UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering. "But these transceivers contain lasers that are made using compound semiconductors, not silicon--which would be more manufacturable and cheaper.

The fact that silicon can be used to make a quantum photonic pair source, and that its spectral properties can be fine-tuned easily is exciting from a technological point of view."

"Silicon is known to be a poor light-emitting material--there is no silicon diode laser, for example, despite many decades of research," added Mookherjea. "However, if you want to make a chip that emits quantum light such as pairs of single photons which are entangled in some quantum mechanical properties and you want to do it at room temperature so that the chip can be widely used, then it turns out that silicon is actually quite a good material for generating photons."

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Researchers generate tunable photon-pair spectrum using room-temperature quantum optics silicon chip

Broad receptive field responsible for differentiated neuronal activity

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16-Dec-2014

Contact: Barbara Bachtler bachtler@mdc-berlin.de 49-309-406-3896 Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch

Some neurons are more active than others, even when they are positioned right next to each other and are one and the same neuron type. Dr. Jean-Sbastien Jouhanneau and Dr. James Poulet of the Max Delbrck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin Buch have discovered the cause for this phenomenon. They found that the more active neurons in the somatosensory area of the brain respond to a broader receptive field and probably play a particularly important role in our sensory perception. The findings of the researchers, who also work at the NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence at Charit in Berlin, have now been published in the journal Neuron*.

Billions of neurons process signals in our brain. In the sensory part of our cerebral cortex, which is responsible for perceptions of the outside world, not all neurons are equally active: even neurons positioned directly next to each other can be differentially active. If there is input of a stimulus, some neurons respond more than their neighbors. Until now, the reason for this remained elusive. Are the more active neurons perhaps more strongly connected within the cortex? Or do they get more information from upstream areas of the brain?

To clarify this, the researchers stimulated the whiskers of mice and investigated how different neurons in the brain react. For this purpose, they measured the activity of two neurons simultaneously. The active cells are characterized by a high concentration of the protein cFos. Since this was coupled to the green fluorescent protein (GFP), the researchers were able to distinguish more active cells from less active ones.

First they stimulated only one central whisker. Surprisingly, no differences showed up between the two neurons. However, if the researchers stimulated many whiskers at the same time with a short airpuff, the response of the GFP-labeled neuron was significantly earlier and larger. Apparently, the more active neurons are distinguished by the fact that they respond to a wider receptive field. But where does this information come from?

Before we perceive a stimulus from our environment, it must pass through the thalamus in the brain. This area is therefore also called "the gateway to consciousness". In mice, the signals from the whiskers are processed in two areas of the thalamus, the so-called ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) and the area of the posteromedial nucleus (POm). Using optogenetic stimulation, the team led by James Poulet determined which of these two nuclei is responsible for the enhanced response of specific neurons. By means of light impulses in the brain, they could specifically activate the thalamic nuclei and thus selectively simulate a flow of information through one of the two nuclei.

If the scientists activated the VPM, both types of neurons showed an equally strong response. They behaved exactly as if only a single whisker was touched. This specific reaction is thus apparently mediated by the VPM. The POm, by contrast, elicited - just like the stimulation of several whiskers - a stronger and faster response of the GFP-labeled neurons.

The POm is known for covering a broad receptive field and for transmitting the signals to widely distributed areas in the cerebrum. According to current research, the most active neurons in the somatosensory (touch-sensitive) cortex are characterized by the fact that they not only get specific information from the VPM, but can also draw on the wide receptive field of the POm. This parallel processing of specific and large-scale stimulus information by separate groups of neurons could be a fundamental mechanism of sensory perception. The more active neurons may have a particularly important role in sensory perception.

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Broad receptive field responsible for differentiated neuronal activity

Amount of Mitochondrial DNA Predicts Frailty and Mortality

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Newswise New research from The Johns Hopkins University suggests that the amount of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) found in peoples blood directly relates to how frail they are medically. This DNA may prove to be a useful predictor of overall risk of frailty and death from any cause 10 to 15 years before symptoms appear.

The investigators say their findings contribute to the scientific understanding of aging and may lead to a test that could help identify at-risk individuals whose physical fitness can be improved with drugs or lifestyle changes. A summary of the research was published online Dec. 4 in the Journal of Molecular Medicine.

We dont know enough yet to say whether the relationship is one of correlation or causation, says Dan Arking, Ph.D., associate professor of genetic medicine. But either way, mitochondrial DNA could be a very useful biomarker in the field of aging.

Mitochondria are structures within cells often referred to as power houses because they generate most of cells energy. Unlike other cell structures, they contain their own DNA separate from that enclosed in the nucleus in the form of two to 10 small, circular chromosomes that code for 37 genes necessary for mitochondrial function. There are 10 to thousands of mitochondria per cell, depending on a cells energy needs.

Previous research from Arkings laboratory linked genetic differences in mtDNA to increased frailty and reduced muscle strength in older individuals. Medically speaking, frailty refers to a well-recognized collection of aging symptoms that include weakness, decreased energy, lower activity levels and weight loss. To further test this link, Arkings team analyzed the amount of mtDNA in blood samples collected for two large, human studies that began in the late 1980s and tracked individuals health outcomes for 10 to 20 years.

After calculating how much mtDNA each sample contained relative to the amount of nuclear DNA, the team looked at measures of frailty and health status gathered on the studies participants over time.

On average, Arking says, subjects who met the criteria for frailty had 9 percent less mtDNA than nonfrail participants. And, when grouped by amount of mtDNA, white participants in the bottom one-fifth of the study population were 31 percent more likely to be frail than participants in the top one-fifth.

It makes intuitive sense that decreased mtDNA is associated with bad health outcomes, says Arking. As we age, our energy reserves decrease, and we become more susceptible to all kinds of health problems and disease.

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Amount of Mitochondrial DNA Predicts Frailty and Mortality

12 Reasons Robots Will Always Have An Advantage Over Humans

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We puny humans can be depressingly fragile and flawed, a realization that's all the more discouraging when we consider the incredible potential for robots. Here are 12 reasons why machines will always have the edge over us meatbags.

Before we get started, it's important to point out that I took a normative approach to this analysis. For the sake of simplicity, I assumed a sort of status quo among humans, one in which our future selves and descendants have opted out of enhancement technologies. Clearly, should we take the transhuman path to the future, our technologically enhanced minds and bodies would better match those of robots. We may even find ourselves integrating and fusing with them.

That said, we still don't know how safe, effective, and accessible human enhancement technologies will be. It's also an open question as to whether or not human enhancement will ever be socially sanctioned.

The development of robotic technologies, on the other hand, shows no signs of waning. Should we humans stay the same, here are 12 ways robots could come to dominate us in the future (listed in no particular order).

It's easier to build robots than it is to make humans. Currently, robots have to be designed and constructed by us, but that's set to change with the introduction of fully automated systems capable of manufacturing other robots on an assembly line. While still in its primitive stages, researchers at the Modular Robotics Lab at the University of Pennsylvania have already developed a robot that can build other robots with spray foam.

Robots of the future will also be capable of reproduction, or what mathematician John von Neumann referred to as kinematic self-replicating machines. Researchers are the University of Oslo have already developed squirming three-limbed starfish-bots who can produce their own parts and adapt to novel environments, and Matt Denton at Robosavvy has developed a hexapod robot equipped with a cutting tool enabling it to fashion various machine parts including, conceivably, its own parts. Considering these early developments, and given how long it takes to produce and raise a human (not to mention the costs), it's reasonable to assume we could eventually reach a tipping point when robots will start to outnumber us.

As this chart from the International Federation of Robotics shows, we're already on the way there at least for industrial robots. The IFR estimates that, from 2015 to 2017, robot installations will increase by 12% on average per year.

Robots will be able to change their bodies at will. It's an advantage we humans simply won't have (mind uploading technologies aside). In the far future, robots will be able to transfer, or upload, their digital minds from one robot to another. Should a robot body fail, become obsolete, or inadequate for a given task, there will always be another one available.

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12 Reasons Robots Will Always Have An Advantage Over Humans