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EMPLOYMENT

Body Art and Oil, Gas: Are Your Tattoos Keeping You From a Job?

Have attitudes towards tattoos in the workplace changed or does body art hinder job candidates' chances of getting hired and promoted?

OUTLOOK

The RZ Interview: Outlook for Oil, Gas for 2017 Expects Hiring Challenges

Following more than two years of an economic downturn that's roiled oil and gas markets, experts are cautiously optimistic the industry is finally prepared to turn a corner in 2017.

EMPLOYMENT

Better Conditions See West Africa Attract Most Oil, Gas Workers

Better conditions, higher pay and more jobs sees West Africa attracts the largest numbers of oil and gas workers in the African continent, oil and gas analysts say.

RIGZONE SURVEY

Rigzone Survey: Millennials Want Training and Growth Opportunities

Millennials value solid training programs in their ideal oil and gas employers and the industry is tweaking its recruitment efforts to meet the needs of the millennial generation.

Rigzone tracks the worldwide offshore rig fleet through its proprietary RigLogix database, and we make some of the key rig fleet data available to you here. You'll find information on offshore rig utilization, day rates, contracts, equipment specs, and much more.

The Rigzone Equipment Market brings buyers and sellers of oilfield equipment including land rigs, offshore rigs, drilling equipment, production equipment, and more in a seamless, worldwide exchange.

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High Seas Forecast (Tropical Atlantic)

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000FZNT02 KNHC 081531HSFAT2HIGH SEAS FORECASTNWS NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL1630 UTC THU DEC 8 2016SUPERSEDED BY NEXT ISSUANCE IN 6 HOURSSEAS GIVEN AS SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT...WHICH IS THE AVERAGEHEIGHT OF THE HIGHEST 1/3 OF THE WAVES. INDIVIDUAL WAVES MAY BEMORE THAN TWICE THE SIGNIFICANT WAVE HEIGHT.SECURITEATLANTIC FROM 07N TO 31N W OF 35W INCLUDING CARIBBEAN SEA ANDGULF OF MEXICOSYNOPSIS VALID 1200 UTC THU DEC 8.24 HOUR FORECAST VALID 1200 UTC FRI DEC 9.48 HOUR FORECAST VALID 1200 UTC SAT DEC 10..WARNINGS....GALE WARNING....GULF OF MEXICO COLD FRONT FROM 27N83W TO 28N90W...THEN STATIONARYFRONT TO 27N95W TO 25N98W. WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 28N95W TO29N95W TO 28N97W TO 27N97W TO 26N97W TO 27N96W TO 28N95W N TO NEWINDS 20 TO 30 KT WITH FREQUENT GUSTS TO 40 KT. SEAS 9 TO 11 FT.SCATTERED MODERATE TO ISOLATED STRONG CONVECTION FROM 25N TO 28NBETWEEN 89W AND 96W. .24 HOUR FORECAST REINFORCED COLD FRONT FROM 25N81W TO 22N93W TO18N94W. WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 24N95W TO 25N97W TO 23N98W TO19N96W TO 20N93W TO 21N95W TO 24N95W...INCLUDING WITHIN 60 NM OFCOAST OF VERACRUZ...NW TO N WINDS 35 TO 45 KT. SEAS 11 TO 16 FT.ELSEWHERE WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 30N84W TO 28N97W TO 24N98W TO22N95W TO 23N86W TO 26N82W TO 30N84W NE WINDS 20 TO 30 KT. SEAS 9TO 11 FT..48 HOUR FORECAST COLD FRONT FROM 23.5N81W TO 21N92W TO 18N93W.WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 21N96W TO 21N97W TO 20N97W TO 19N96W TO18N95W TO 19N94W TO 21N96W...INCLUDING WITHIN 60 NM OF COAST OFVERACRUZ...NW WINDS 25 TO 35 KT. SEAS 10 TO 14 FT. ELSEWHERE WITHINAREA BOUNDED BY 24N85W TO 26N90W TO 25N97W TO 21N97W TO 19N93W TO24N85W...INCLUDING STRAITS OF FLORIDA AND WITHIN 60 NM OF COAST OFVERACRUZ AND IN YUCATAN CHANNEL AND WITHIN 60 NM OF COAST OFCAMPECHE...NE WINDS 20 TO 30 KT. SEAS 8 TO 13 FT..SYNOPSIS AND FORECAST..ATLC WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 31N67W TO 31N35W TO 27N35W TO 25N48WTO 31N67W WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8 FT IN NW SWELL..24 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 31N35W TO 31N55W TO28N56W TO 23N35W TO 31N35W WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8 TO 10 FT INNW SWELL..36 HOUR FORECAST WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8 FT..ATLC WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 17N35W TO 15N58W TO 09N54W TO07N49W TO 08N35W TO 17N35W WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8 TO 9 FT INMIXED NW AND NE SWELL..24 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 16N35W TO 15N55W TO12N59W TO 08N55W TO 07N35W TO 16N35W WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8TO 9 FT IN MIXED NW AND NE SWELL..48 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 15N44W TO 14N58W TO11N60W TO 07N50W TO 08N41W TO 15N44W...INCLUDING ATLANTICEXPOSURES... WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS 8 TO 9 FT IN MIXED NW ANDNE SWELL..ATLC 36 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 29N75W TO 30N77WTO 28N79W TO 27N78W TO 28N76W TO 29N75W N TO NE WINDS 20 TO 25KT. SEAS 8 FT. .48 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 28N72W TO 28N80W TO26N80W TO 26N77W TO 26N74W TO 27N72W TO 28N72W...INCLUDINGATLANTIC EXPOSURES... NE WINDS 20 TO 25 KT. SEAS LESS THAN 8 FT..CARIBBEAN WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 13N75W TO 13N77W TO 11N77W TO 11N75WTO 12N74W TO 13N75W...INCLUDING WITHIN 90 NM OF COAST OF COLOMBIA...EWINDS 20 TO 25 KT. SEAS 8 TO 10 FT. WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 14N73WTO 16N77W TO 14N82W TO 11N82W TO 11N76W TO 12N74W TO 14N73W...INCLUDINGWITHIN 90 NM OF COAST OF COLOMBIA...NE TO E WINDS 20 TO 25 KT. SEAS8 TO 10 FT..24 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 12N75W TO 13N76W TO12N77W TO 11N77W TO 11N76W TO 11N75W TO 12N75W NE TO E WINDS 20 TO25 KT. SEAS 8 FT. WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 16N70W TO 18N71W TO17N72W TO 15N73W TO 14N72W TO 16N70W NE TO E WINDS 20 TO 25 KT.SEAS 8 FT..48 HOUR FORECAST WITHIN AREA BOUNDED BY 17N72W TO 17N77W TO13N81W TO 11N77W TO 13N70W TO 17N72W...INCLUDING WITHIN 90 NM OFCOAST OF COLOMBIA... NE TO E WINDS 20 TO 25 KT. SEAS 8 TO 10 FT..REMAINDER OF AREA WINDS 20 KT OR LESS. SEAS LESS THAN 8 FT.$$.FORECASTER CHRISTENSEN. NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER.

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High Seas Forecast (Tropical Atlantic)

Micronation Wikipdia

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Une micronation[1], se dit d'une entit cre par un petit nombre de personnes, qui prtend au statut de nation indpendante ou qui en prsente des caractristiques, mais n'est en aucune faon reconnue comme telle par les nations officielles ou par les organismes transnationaux.

Certaines micronations ont de vritables prtentions l'indpendance (Hutt River enclave en Australie, Sealand au large du Royaume-Uni, par exemple)[2], alors que d'autres sont plus fantaisistes ou folkloriques (la Rpublique du Saugeais en France par exemple)[3].

Certains critres rcurrents caractrisent la micronation comme, par exemple:

Gnralement de petite taille (gographiquement et dmographiquement), les micronations se caractrisent le plus souvent par une volont de reconnaissance de leur souverainet, par l'intermdiaire d'mission de passeports, de timbres, de monnaie et de titres de noblesse. Pour la plupart, faute de reconnaissance extrieure, elles n'existent que sur papier ou sur internet. Elles sont la plupart du temps soit le fruit d'une rflexion sur la politique, l'conomie, la diplomatie (et sont dans ce cas-l des jeux ou des crations personnelles), soit des assises pour des activits illicites ou indpendantistes.

La plupart des royaumes africains traditionnels encore existants, aujourd'hui inclus dans les tats africains modernes issus de la colonisation, se retrouvent de facto dans la situation de micronations, alors que leur existence historique est atteste et ancienne. Le royaume Xhosa de Thembu, en Afrique du Sud, qui abrite prs de 2 millions d'habitants, est un exemple. Cette nation, qui n'a plus aucune existence lgale depuis 1885, a eu comme roi Rolihlahla Mand'ela, plus connu sous le nom de Nelson Mandela[5].

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Micronation Wikipdia

Liste de micronations Wikipdia

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La liste de micronations ci-dessous indique des micronations notables, existantes ou ayant exist. Une micronation[1] est une entit cre par un petit nombre de personnes, qui prtend au statut de nation indpendante ou qui en prsente des caractristiques, mais n'est pas formellement reconnue comme telle par des nations officielles ou par des organismes transnationaux[2]. En 2014, on estime prs de 400 le nombre de celles-ci[3].

Aujourd'hui, certaines personnes[Qui?] tentent de faire revivre cette micronation en se proclamant exiles de l'tat libre de Counani et revendiquent encore ce territoire.

Le prsident, nomm vie, est Egrgore le Virtuel, tandis que Jean-Claude Mayo en devient le ministre convoyeur du verbe. La petite Rpublique dite sa propre monnaie, la polymonnaie qui n'a cours lgal que dans la Rpublique.

Lorsque la mine de la Vieille-Montagne y fut puise en 1885, lexistence mme de Moresnet neutre fut remise en question. Plusieurs propositions furent avances pour y amener de nouvelles activits conomiques, telle la cration dun casino ou dun service postal mettant ses propres timbres, bien que cette dernire ide fut repousse par le gouvernement local. Linitiative la plus remarquable fut avance par le docteur Wilhelm Molly, qui proposait de faire de Moresnet une micronation sous forme du premier tat utilisant officiellement lespranto, sous le nom dAmikejo (lieu damiti).

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Liste de micronations Wikipdia

Farallon Islands – Wikipedia

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The Farallon Islands, or Farallones (from the Spanish faralln meaning "pillar" or "sea cliff"), are a group of islands and sea stacks in the Gulf of the Farallones, off the coast of San Francisco, California, United States. They lie 30 miles (48km) outside the Golden Gate and 20 miles (32km) south of Point Reyes, and are visible from the mainland on clear days. The islands are officially part of the City and County of San Francisco. The only inhabited portion of the islands is on Southeast Farallon Island (SEFI), where researchers from Point Blue Conservation Science and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service stay.[2] The islands are closed to the public.[3]

The Farallon National Wildlife Refuge is one of 63 National Wildlife Refuges that have congressionally designated wilderness status.[4] In 1974 the Farallon Wilderness was established (Public Law 93-550) and includes all islands except the Southeast Island for a total of 141 acres (57ha).[5]

The islands were long known by the name "Islands of the Dead" to the American Indians who lived in the Bay Area prior to the arrival of Europeans, but they are not thought to have traveled to them, either for practical reasons (the voyage and landing would be difficult and dangerous) or because of superstition (the islands were believed to be an abode of the spirits of the dead).[6][7][8]

The first European to land and record the islands was Spanish explorer Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo in 1539, who named the islands "Farallones", Spanish for cliffs or small pointed islets.[9] Cabrillo had departed from Puerto de Navidad in Mxico with two ships (three according to others): San Salvador, Victoria, and San Miguel, after which Catalina Island, Clemente and San Diego Bay were respectively named in this voyage. The expedition missed the entrance to San Francisco Bay, but it sighted and named nearby places such as "Punta de los Pinos" (Point Reyes), and "Bahia de los Pinos" (Monterey Bay).[10]

On July 24, 1579, English privateer and explorer Sir Francis Drake landed on the islands, in order to collect seal meat and bird eggs for his ship.[9] He named them the Islands of Saint James because the day after his arrival was the feast day of St James the Great. The name of St James is now applied to only one of the rocky islets of the North Farallones.

The islands were given the name "Los Frayles" ("The Friars") by Spanish explorer Sebastin Vizcano, when he first charted them in 1603.

In the years following their discovery, during the Maritime Fur Trade era, the islands were exploited by seal hunters, first from New England and later from Russia. The Russians maintained a sealing station in the Farallones from 1812 to 1840, taking 1,200 to 1,500 fur seals annually, though American ships had already exploited the islands.[11] The Albatross, captained by Nathan Winship, and the O'Cain, captained by his brother Jonathan Winship, were the first American ships sent from Boston in 1809 to establish a settlement on the Columbia River. In 1810, they met up with two other American ships at the Farallon Islands, the Mercury and the Isabella, and at least 30,000 seal skins were taken.[12][13] By 1818 the seals diminished rapidly until only about 500 could be taken annually and within the next few years, the fur seal was extirpated from the islands. It is not known whether the northern fur seal or the Guadalupe fur seal were the islands' native fur seal, although the northern fur seal is the species that began to recolonize the islands in 1996.

On July 17, 1827, the French sea captain Auguste Duhaut-Cilly sailed by the southernmost Farallon Island and counted the "crude dwellings of about a hundred Kodiaks stationed there by the Russians of Bodega...the Kodiaks, in their light boats, slip into San Francisco Bay by night, moving along the coast opposite the fort, and once inside this great basin they station themselves temporarily on some of the inner islands, from where they catch the sea otter without hindrance."[15]

After Alta California was ceded by Mexico to the United States in 1848 with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the islands' environment became linked to the growth of the city of San Francisco. Beginning in 1853, a lighthouse was constructed on SEFI. As the city grew, the seabird colonies came under severe threat as eggs were collected in the millions for San Francisco markets. The trade, which in its heyday could yield 500,000 eggs a month, was the source of conflict between the egg collecting companies and the lighthouse keepers. This conflict turned violent in a confrontation between rival companies in 1863. The clash between two rival companies, known as the Egg War, left two men dead and marked the end of private companies on the islands, although the lighthouse keepers continued egging. This activity, combined with the threat of oil spills from San Francisco's shipping lanes, prompted President Theodore Roosevelt to sign Executive Order No. 1043 in 1909, creating the Farallon Reservation to protect the chain's northern islands. This was expanded to the other islands in 1969 when it became a National Wildlife Refuge.

The islands are the site of many shipwrecks. The liberty ship SS Henry Bergh, a converted troop carrier that hit West End in 1944, pieces of which can still be seen from the island today (all hands were saved). The USS Conestoga, a US Navy tugboat that disappeared with its 56 crew members in 1921, was found in 2009 and positively identified in 2016. (The Conestoga had sailed from nearby San Francisco, but the waters of the Farallons were never searched because the vessel was assumed to have traveled far out into the Pacific.)[16]

The islands have also been mentioned in connection with the schooner Malahat as one possible site for Rum Row during Prohibition.[17] The United States Coast Guard maintained a manned lighthouse until 1972, when it was automated. The islands are currently managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, in conjunction with the Marin-based Point Blue Conservation Science (formerly Point Reyes Bird Observatory - PRBO). The islands are currently the subject of long term ecological research. Today, the Farallones are closed to the public, although birders and wildlife enthusiasts can approach them on whale watching boats and the sail-training vessel Seaward out of Sausalito.[18]

From 1902 to 1913, the former U.S. Weather Bureau maintained a weather station on the southeast island, which was connected with the mainland by cable. The results of the meteorological study were later published in a book on California's climate. Temperatures during those years never exceeded 90F (32C) or dropped to 32F (0C).[19] Years later, the National Weather Service provided some weather observations from the lighthouse on its local radio station.

Three people have successfully swum from the Farallones to the Golden Gate, with two more swimming to points north of the Gate. The first, Ted Erikson, made the swim in September 1967, with the second, Joseph Locke, swimming to the Golden Gate on July 12, 2014, in 14 hours.[20] The third person, and the first woman to complete the distance, Kimberley Chambers, made it in just over 17 hours on Friday August 7, 2015.[21]

The Farallon Islands are outcroppings of the Salinian Block, a vast geologic province of granitic continental crust sharing its origins with the core of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. The block was torn off far to the south of its present position and rifted north by the movement of the Pacific Plate on which the islands rest. Other nearby examples of the Salinian Block include the Point Reyes Peninsula and Bodega Head. The San Andreas Fault, marking a boundary zone between the Pacific and North American Plates, passes a few miles east of the islands.

The ancient Farallon Plate is named after the islands.

The islands string northwestward from Southeast Farallon Island for 5 miles (8.0km). Their total land area is 0.16 square miles (0.41km2). The islands were initially exploited for bird eggs and fur seal skins, then used as a lighthouse station and a radio station. They have been protected in the Farallon National Wildlife Refuge, first established in 1909 with the Southeast Farallons added in 1969,[22] and contain the largest seabird colony in the U.S. outside of Alaska and Hawaii. The islands are part of the City and County of San Francisco, and are considered part of Supervisorial District One (Northwest), also called Richmond District.

Middle Farallon Island, 2 miles (3.2km) northwest of SEFI, is a 20-foot (6.1m) high guano-covered black rock about 65 meters in diameter, with an area of 3,362 m2. This island is informally known as "the pimple."

North Farallon Islands, about 7km further northwest, consist of two clusters of bare precipitous islets and rocks 31 to 85 meters high, with an aggregate area of 28,270 m2

Some of those unnamed rocks however have Spanish names, such as Piedra Guadalupe, Peasco Quebrado and Faralln Vizcano.

5km WNW of the North Farallones is Fanny Shoal, a bank 3km in extent, with depth less than 55 meters, marking the northernmost and westernmost feature of the group, albeit entirely submerged. Noonday Rock, which rises abruptly from a depth of 37 meters, with a least depth of 4 meters (13ft) over it at low tide, is the shallowest point of Fanny Shoal. There is a lighted bell buoy about 1km west of Noonday Rock. Noonday Rock derives its name from that of the clipper ship that struck it on January 1, 1863 and sank within one hour.[24]

The banks northwest of Fanny Shoal are not considered part of the Farallon Islands anymore, and they are outside of U.S. territorial waters. About 25km northwest of Fanny Shoal is Cordell Bank, a significant marine habitat (3801N 12325W / 38.017N 123.417W / 38.017; -123.417). About halfway between Fanny Shoal and Cordell Bank is Rittenburg Bank, with depths of less than 80 meters (3753N 12318W / 37.883N 123.300W / 37.883; -123.300).

The Farallon Islands are an important reserve protecting a huge seabird colony. The islands' position in the highly productive California Current and eastern Pacific upwelling region, as well as the absence of other large islands that would provide suitable nesting grounds, result in a seabird population of over 250,000. Twelve species of seabird and shorebird nest on the islands; western gull, Brandt's cormorant, pelagic cormorant, double-crested cormorant, pigeon guillemot, common murre, Cassin's auklet, tufted puffin, black oystercatcher, rhinoceros auklet, ashy storm-petrel, and Leach's storm-petrel. Since the islands were protected, common murres, which once numbered nearly 500,000 pairs but suffered from the egg collecting, oil spills and other disturbances that had greatly reduced their numbers, recovered and climbed from 6,000 birds to 160,000. Additionally, since protection, the locally extinct rhinoceros auklet has begun to breed on the islands again. The island has the world's largest colonies of western gulls and ashy storm petrels, the latter species being considered endangered and a conservation priority. The island also is the wintering ground of several species of migrants, and regularly attracts vagrant birds (about 400 species of bird have been recorded on or around the island).

Five species of pinniped come to shore on the islands, and in some cases breed. These are the northern elephant seal, harbor seal, Steller's sea lion, California sea lion, and the northern fur seal (the last of which, like the rhinoceros auklet, began to return to the island again after protection).

American whalers took 150,000 northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) from the Farallons between 1810 and 1813, followed by Russian fur hunters who lived on the Farallons and extirpated the pinnipeds from the islands. In 1996 West End Island became the fourth American northern fur seal rookery when a pup was born. The recolonizers bore tags from San Miguel Island in the Channel Islands. By 2006, nearly 100 pups were born.[25] The fur seals are aggressive and have displaced larger sea lions from their territory. The high count for 2011 was 476 individuals, a 69 percent increase from the year before.[26]

Several species of cetaceans are found near the Farallon Islands, most frequently gray whales, blue whales, and humpback whales. Blue whales and humpback whales are most frequently found near the islands in the summer and fall, when strong upwelling may support a rich pelagic food web. Killer whales are also found around the islands. Gray whales are reliably found near the Farallones during their spring migration north and the fall/winter migration south. Some gray whales may also be found during the summer, when a few whales skip the trip north to Alaska and spend the summer months off the coast of Canada and the continental United States.

In December 2005 one humpback was rescued from netting entanglement east of the Farallones by staff of The Marine Mammal Center.[27] The last sighting of another famous humpback, named Humphrey, was near the Farallones in 1991. The islands are in the Gulf of the Farallones National Marine Sanctuary, which protects the feeding grounds of the wildlife of the refuge.

The elephant seal population attracts a population of great white sharks to the islands. In 1970 Farallon biologists witnessed their first shark attack, on a Stellers sea lion. During the next fifteen years, more than one hundred attacks on seals and sea lions were observed at close range. By the year 2000, biologists were logging almost eighty attacks in a single season.

While the males return annually, the females return only every other year, often with fresh, deep bites around their heads. The seasonal shark population at the Farallones is unclear, with estimates from thirty to one hundred. The Farallones are unique in the size of the great whites that are attracted. The average length of a full-grown great white shark is 4 to 4.8 metres (13.3 to 15.8ft), with a weight of 680 to 1,100 kilograms (1,500 to 2,450lbs), females generally being larger than males. Farallon great whites range between the "smaller" males at 13ft (4.0m) to the females, which generally range between 17ft (5.2m) to 19ft (5.8m). The largest accurately measured great white shark was a female caught in August 1988 at Prince Edward Island off the North Atlantic coast and measured 20.3ft (6.2m). A killer whale was recorded killing a great white near the Farallones in 1997.[29] Over the decades of study, many of the individual white sharks visiting the Farallones have been nicknamed, often based off their scars and appearances, such as Gouge, The Hunchback, The Jester, and Stumpy. Stumpy, an 18-foot female great white, in particular was well known for her appearance in the BBC documentary "Great White Shark" narrated by David Attenborough and stock footage of her attacks on decoys is often utilized in more recent documentaries, and another example, Tom Johnson, a 16-foot male white shark that was featured in an episode of the 2012 season of Shark Week called "Great White Highway" is believed to be the oldest living white shark so far documented returning to the Farallones, estimated at around 2530 years old.

Some individual sharks have been tagged and found to roam the Pacific as far as Hawaii and Guadalupe Island off Baja California, returning regularly to the Farallones every year in the autumn. Satellite tracking has revealed the majority of great white sharks from the Faralllones (and from other parts of California, Hawaii and the west coast of Mexico) migrate to an area of ocean dubbed the White Shark Caf, 1,500 miles (2,400km) west of Ensenada, Baja California. The peak of activity at this location is from mid-April to Mid-July, but some shark spend up to eight months of the year there.

According to a report in USA Today, it is the most rodent-dense island in the world, with an average of 500 Eurasian house mice occupying each of its 120 acres (49ha) and an amount of 60,000 total.[32]

From 1946 to 1970, the sea around the Farallones was used as a nuclear dumping site for radioactive waste under the authority of the Atomic Energy Commission at a site known as the Farallon Island Nuclear Waste Dump. Most of the dumping took place before 1960, and all dumping of radioactive wastes by the United States was terminated in 1970. By then, 47,500 containers (55-gallon steel drums) had been dumped in the vicinity, with a total estimated radioactive activity of 14,500 Ci. The materials dumped were mostly laboratory materials containing traces of contamination. Much of the radioactivity had decayed by 1980.[33]

44,000 containers were dumped at 3737N 12317W / 37.617N 123.283W / 37.617; -123.283, and another 3,500 at 3738N 12308W / 37.633N 123.133W / 37.633; -123.133.[33]

The exact location of the containers and the potential hazard the containers pose to the environment are unknown.[34] Attempts to remove the barrels would likely produce greater risk than leaving them undisturbed.[33]

Waste containers were shipped to Hunters Point Shipyard, then loaded onto barges for transportation to the Farallones. Containers were weighted with concrete. Those that floated were sometimes shot with rifles to sink them.[35]

In January 1951, the highly radioactive hull of USS Independence, which was used in Operation Crossroads and then loaded with barrels of radioactive waste, was scuttled in the area.[36]

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Farallon Islands - Wikipedia

Twin Oaks Intentional Community – Twin Oaks Intentional …

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Twin Oaks is an intentional community in rural central Virginia, made up of around 90 adult members and 15 children. Since the community's beginning in 1967, our way of life has reflected our values of cooperation, sharing, nonviolence, equality, and ecology. We welcome you toschedule a visit.

We do not have a group religion; our beliefs are diverse. We do not have a central leader; we govern ourselves by a form of democracy with responsibility shared among various managers, planners, and committees. We are self-supporting economically, and partly self-sufficient. We are income-sharing. Each member works 42 hours a week in the community's business and domestic areas. Each member receives housing, food, healthcare, and personal spending money from the community.

Our hammocks and casual furniture business has generated most of our income in the past. Making tofu as of 2011 has become roughly equal in importance to hammocks. Indexing books and now seed growing are also significant sources of income. Still, less than half of our work goes into these income-producing activities; the balance goes into a variety of tasks that benefit our quality of lifeincluding milking cows, gardening, cooking, and childcare. Most people prefer doing a variety of work, rather than the same job day in, day out.

A number of us choose to be politically active in issues of peace, ecology, anti-racism, and feminism. Each summer we are hosts to a Women's Gathering and a Communities Conference where we welcome both experienced communitarians, and seekers who are new to community living.

We give tours of Twin Oaks almost every Saturday afternoon from March through October, and on most alternating Saturdays from November through February. Read about the Saturday Tour here.

We offer a structured three week visit designed to give the visitor some general education and experience in living at Twin Oaks. Read about the Visitor Program here

Please do not drop in and expect to get a tour or be able to stay overnight. Tours and visits must always be pre-arranged, and to be a guest here, a member must agree to be your host before you arrive.

Twin Oaks Community 138 Twin Oaks Road # W Louisa, VA 23093 USA

540-894-5126 888-424-8838 Fax Email Us

When communicating with us by email please do not send attachments. Please send only plain text email, not HTML formatted mail. When you write, please tell us how/where you heard about Twin Oaks. If it was through another website, we'd like to know which one, and the URL if possible.

More about Twin Oaks

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Twin Oaks Intentional Community - Twin Oaks Intentional ...

Rise of the Posthuman Technocracy : Waking Times

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Nathaniel Mauka, Staff Writer Waking Times

When Seth Lloyd, a professor of Quantum-Mechanical Engineering at MIT first suggested that the Universe was a giant, quantum computer, the notion garnered a few peoples attention. Lloyd believes that everything in the Universe is made up of chunks of information called bits, disputable as a seeming extension of the materialistic view of the world where stuff is all there is, with no ability for a sentient being to escape the Matrix. Those green, streaming numbers in the opening scene of the film, in fact, would account for everything if it were up to Lloyd, but he is not alone in assuming that we live in a Universe with such a limited description.

There are purportedly a number of billionaires in Silicon Valley and elsewhere who are using Lloyds popularized view as a jumping board to develop technologies which would free us from a bit-made actuality otherwise known as the computer simulation we collectively call the Matrix. Lloyd thinks that even atoms are made of bits. If this were the case, then a simple reprogramming of the 1s and 0s ought to give us an innumerable number of options, but even a quantum computer has limitations.

Mathematician, Peter Shor was able to show that a quantum computer can solve some of the most impossible problems in nanoseconds, but just like Artificial Intelligence, you cant fake real experience and sentient reality. More importantly, what are the implications of giving the machines power over our lives, even if some of them have made redundant activities less bothersome?

Ray Kurzweil once wrote that the exponential growth of AI will lead to a technological singularity, a point when machine intelligence will overpower human intelligence. Lloyd argues that a great quantum computer has already taken over. Stephen Hawking has also warned that Artificial Intelligence could take over humanity so if we were to juxtapose these scenarios over one another, even you and I are just bits, certain to experience an impending doom.

Other large corporations just took over the Internet, the last bastion of fairinformation sharing on the planet. Do Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Apple, and others in this technocracy threaten not just the democratic governance of technology, but the absolute sovereignty of ourselves?

Transhumanists have already popularized the notion of cyborgs and super human powers augmented with hardware machinery and software computer parts. The game is half played.

Katherine Hayles wrote in her 1999 publication How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics,

In the posthuman, there are no essential differences, or absolute demarcations, between bodily existence and computer simulation, cybernetic mechanism and biological organism, robot technology and human goals. Humans can either go gently into that good night, joining the dinosaurs as a species that once ruled the earth but is now obsolete, or hang on for a while longer by becoming machines themselves. In either casethe age of the human is drawing to a close.

In a technocracy, power is given only to those who can make decisions based on technological knowledge. The system of governance which holds technology as God cannot fathom the subtleties of human emotion, nor express compassion, morality, or achieve spiritual ascension.

As William Henry has put it, Are you ready to cede your body to the global body and to Transhumanist technology under [the] Transnationalistss control? Really this is a world a Universe no different than the one imagined by the cabal for thousands of years. An elite few create a One World Government, only in this case it expands into solar systems and planets we have yet imagined visiting. The United Nationshas even called this Universal Plan a way to extend peace, but we should not be fooled.

If you dont agree with the technocratic agenda, fear not that youll be on the other end of a gun. Youll be micro-chipped instead. Or, youll pick out your implantable device, or your retina lenscreated by Google. In one of the most secretive start-ups ever, Magic Leap, has raised more than billion dollars to create an implantable contact lens that injects computer-generated images or floats virtual objects into your very real world view. DARPA has already developed numerous technologies to infiltrate your brain, and even to take control over your peripheral nervous system. You wont have personal relations with other human beings. Your avatar will do it for you.

Humanity is undergoing a metamorphosis, but there are two directions we could take. Lloyds version is only one. Another involves ascending spiritually, instead of relying on technology and artificial intelligence in order to outsmart mortality. WhileGoogle and Big Pharma, along with the Department of Defense promise an extra 500 years to some among us, those who have obtained true enlightenment, as suggested by Tulku Urgyen Rinpoche, can experience something much greater than a little bit of extended time in a skin suit.

Nathaniel Mauka is a researcher of the dark side of government and exopolitics, and a staff writer forWaking Times.

This article (Rise of the Posthuman Technocracy) was originally created and published by Waking Times and is published here under a Creative Commons license with attribution toNathaniel Maukaand WakingTimes.com. It may be re-posted freely with proper attribution and author bio.

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Sympathetic Sci-Fi – The New Yorker

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In Sense8, the Wachowskis find another way out of the Matrix: empathy. Credit Photograph by Murray Close / Netflix / Everett

The defining scene of Sense8, the new sci-fi drama on Netflix, comes about halfway through the first season. It starts in San Francisco, where Nomi, a hacktivist and transgender lesbian, is making out with her girlfriend, Amanita. At the same time, in Mexico City, Lito, a smoldering actor, is lifting weights with his boyfriend, Hernando. In Berlin, Wolfgang, a safecracker, is relaxing, naked, in a hot tub. And in Chicago, Will, a police officer, is working out at the gym. The premise of Sense8 is that Nomi, Lito, Wolfgang, and Willalong with four other sensates in Nairobi, Seoul, Mumbai, and Reykjavikare telepathically linked. They are able to feel each others emotions, appear in each others minds, and even control each others bodies. In this instance, because theyre all feeling sexy, the sensates find themselves having an impromptutelepathic orgy. Theyre a little freaked out until they realize that they can all enjoy Wolfgangs hot tubsimultaneously.

All sorts of crazy things happen in Sense8. Theres a big conspiracy that may explain how the sensates came to be linked. Theres sci-fi theorizing about human evolution and psychic phenomena. There are euphoric action sequences in which Sun Bak, the Korean sensate, deploys heracrobatic martial-arts skills. (Two of the shows three executive producers, Andy and Lana Wachowski, were responsible for The Matrix.) When a car chase ensues, the sensates can take turns driving the same car. One episode includes aBollywood dance number. Other scenes, in which the sensatescombine their skills and consciousnessesto solve insurmountable problems, have a ludic, dance-like energy: in one of the shows best moments, all eight main characters find themselvessinging Whats Up, by 4 Non Blondes. In another scene, they allflash back to their own birthswhile listening to Beethovens Emperor Piano Concerto No. 5. (The Wachowskis havesaidthat they filmed live births for the show, and, watching the scene, you believe it.)

In sci-fi speak, Sense8 is about transhumanismthe idea that in the future, as a species, we might become more than we are right now. Julian Huxley, the brother of Aldous, coined the term in a 1927 book called Religion Without Revelation, in which he wrote that transhumanism was man remaining man, but transcending himself, by realizing new possibilities of and for his human nature. Huxley helped found the World Wildlife Fund and was the first director of UNESCO; he was also, for a time, the president of the British Eugenics Society. Like him,the transhumanist movementwhich now tends to focus on high-tech enhancementis both intriguing and scary.

Sense8, though, isnt really about the negative aspects of transhumanism. It makes emotionally expansive telepathic empathy seem like a great ideaits global, sexy, useful, and romantic. The sensates become friends and even fall in love with one another. (Will, the Chicago cop, gets together with Riley, an Icelandic d.j.) In one scene, set at the Diego Rivera Museum, in Mexico City, Nomi, the transgender hacker, helps Lito, who is closeted, come out. Sense8 is not subtlethis is sci-fi T.V.but their scene together issimple, direct, and moving: theres a lot of authentic emotion to go with all the artifice. (Slate has called Sense8 a queer masterpiece; Jamie Clayton, the actress who plays Nomi, is transgender, as is Lana Wachowski.) Some people dont like the sensatesan evil biotech corporation has it out for them, and some reviewers have found Sense8 to be cheesy, nonsensical, and slow. Fair enough, but if youre in the shows target audienceif you rooted for Neo and Trinitys romance in The Matrixyoull enjoy it. Despite its sci-fi premise, Sense8 is almost entirely about strong feelings. Its transhumanism for softies.

Sci-fi stories divide roughly into three categories. First, there are stories about regular people who just happen to live in the future, like Star Trek and Star Wars. Second, there are transhumanist stories, such asDuneandSense8, in which human nature is somehow altered. And third, there are robot stories, in which human nature is, for the most part, fixed, the better to be inherited by our technological replacementsthe Cylons in Battlestar Galactica, say, or Ava, the robot in Alex Garlands recent film, Ex Machina. Many great works of science fiction weave these mini-genres together. In 2001: A Space Odyssey, HAL inherits our flawed human nature and goes mad. At the same time, the film is a transhumanist tale, in which the ships surviving astronaut ascends to a new plane of consciousness. Transhumanist stories and robot stories are mirror images of each other. Robot stories ask whether our spiritual flaws will trickle down to the new beings we create; transhumanist stories ask whether they will propagate up into the beings we become.

Recently, in awonderful essayin theNew York Review of Books, Daniel Mendelsohn wrote about the ancient roots of the robot story. He pointed out that there are robots in theIliad, and that robot tales address theological questions about creators and their creations. Today, though, stories about robotsparticularly human-shaped oneshave come to feel a little quaint. Technology has made the classic robot obsolete. In Humans, a new show on AMC, robots that look and act like human beings are shown tending tomato plants on a farm. Its a striking image, but we all know that, in real-life, agricultural robots arelikely to be weird-looking. In Ex Machina, Ava, the robot played by Alicia Vikander, is a compelling femme fatale; even so, you cant help noticing that, unlike every other piece of technology in the modern world, she isnt networked, and can communicate with other robots only by speaking. Samantha, the artificial intelligence voiced by Scarlett Johansson in Her, seems more in sync with technological reality: shes a cloud-based software program capable of realizing herself at many physical locations simultaneously, the same way Google appears on many screens at once. (Genisys, the evil A.I. in the new Terminator movie, operates on a similar principle.) This doesnt make Her better than Ex Machina, but it does mean that, while Her seems to present a plausible vision of the future, Ex Machina feels more like a fable.

For a while now, robot stories have been shifting to the cloud. In the CBS showPerson of Interest,two cloud-based A.I.s are locked in a power struggle, manipulating stock exchanges, operating shell corporations, and giving orders to acolytes who regard them with quasi-religious reverence. In Ann Leckies novel Ancillary Justice, a single intelligence, housed in a spaceshipa giant robot, in a sensemakes its presence felt through people, called ancillaries, whose bodies it controls remotely; in effect, its turnedusinto robots. This is a big reversal. Traditional robot stories tend to be Promethean: theyre about people who seize the forbidden and god-like power of creation. By contrast, artificial-intelligence stories are about people who invent their own god-like overlords. They know that the new gods are just complicated programs, but they end up subjugated by them anyway.

Theres always been some crossover between robot and transhumanist stories, because people, if they are transformed enough, can become posthuman. That process, too, has changed over time. In the 1965 novel Dune, the hero used a psychedelic drug to upgrade his consciousness; by contrast, in last years Transcendence, Johnny Depp uploaded himself into a quantum computer. But most transhumanist stories stop far short of total transformation, instead exploring the discrete consequences of highly specific transhuman upgrades. In Starfish, Peter Watts imagines a power station, located at a deep-sea vent, where physical modifications (replaced lungs, enhanced eyes) allow the workers to swim among the tube worms; some divers go native, developing a new sensibility suited for the sea floor. Liking What You See: A Documentary, a short story by Ted Chiang, takes place at a hyper-progressive liberal-arts college where the students have modified their brains so that they cant distinguish between beautiful people and ugly people. (For decades peopleve been willing to talk about racism and sexism, but theyre still reluctant to talk about lookism, one student complains.) Some professors think this is a great idea, because the hierarchy of personal beauty is offensive; others wonder how the new, beauty-blind student body is supposed to produce any great painters or sculptors. Theres a gleeful, brutal curiosity to these stories. They envision a future when our economic and cultural niches shrink and we change ourselves to fit within them. Today, we have subcultures; in the future, well have subspecies.

Many transhumanist stories have a circular structure: theyre about the rediscovery (or nostalgic appreciation) of old human virtues. The most optimistic transhumanist novel that Ive read recently is Ramez Naams Nexus. Naam is a programmer by trade; in a previous life, he helped develop Microsoft Outlook and Internet Explorer. In his book, billions of people take a drugactually a soup of nano-machinesthat allows them to network their brains together, so that they can experience each others thoughts, sensations, and memories. Then, usingmeditation techniquesthat theyve learned from Buddhist monks in Thailand, they synchronize their minds, merging into a single, vast consciousness. In this form, the transhumans must confront the menace posed by a posthuman: an intelligent Chinese computer system, based upon the mind of a gifted scientist, that controls weapons and other gadgets all over the world. On one level, Nexus is a libertarian techno-fable about how bottom-up innovation will win out over top-down systems of control. But its also wistfully old-fashioneda paean to Buddhist meditators, who, when you think about it, probably came up with this whole transhumanism thing in the first place.

If you read a lot of science fiction in one go, you notice that it has two weaknesses. The first is the future, which tends to be complicated, depressing, and fatiguing to read about; the second is the aesthetic of futurism, which is grim and predictable. Everything is big, scary, and metallic (or else small, gross, and biotechnological). The implicit message of futurism is thathuman progress is inseparable from suffering; often, the only kind of beauty is terrible beauty. Futurism is what gives sci-fi itsfrisson. The supposedly horrific vision of the future in The Matrix, for example,is also undeniably cool; the robots may have won, but the survivors look great in their leather and shades. This paradox makes the movie great, but its also a kind of trapan aesthetic cynicism.

Sense8, though, is joyful, in part because it shows us transhumanism without futurism. Its not a superhero show, in which a random individual is elevated into something better; it hints, science-fictionally, at a fundamental change in human nature generally. At the same time, theres no technological explanationand, therefore, no futurist costfor that change.(In one episode, its suggested that, in the distant evolutionary past,allhuman beings were once telepathic, but no one seems to care very much about this hand-wavey idea.) On some level, the sensates telepathic empathy is a metaphor for the Internet, which seems, in some ways, to be making us more open to others experiences (especially queer experiences). The show also evokes the joys of creative collaboration: people who watch the Wakowskis work together often say that they have two bodies, one brain. Really, though, the point of Sense8 is to revel in the broadening of empathyto fantasize about how in-tune with each other we could be. In its own, low-key way, therefore, Sense8 is a critique of sci-fi. It asks whether, in tying our dreams about human transformation to fantasies of technological development, we might be making an error. The show suggests another path to transcendence: each other.

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Sympathetic Sci-Fi - The New Yorker

Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom Richard … – Zyvex

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An Invitation to Enter a New Field of Physics

by Richard P. Feynman

This transcript of the classic talk that Richard Feynman gave on December 29th 1959 at the annual meeting of the American Physical Society at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) was first published in Caltech Engineering and Science, Volume 23:5, February 1960, pp 22-36. It has been made available on the web at http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html with their kind permission. The scanned original is available.

The Wikipedia entry on Feynman's talk.

Information on the Feynman Prizes

Search YouTube for Richard Feynman

For an account of the talk and how people reacted to it, see chapter 4 of Nano! by Ed Regis, Little/Brown 1995. An excellent technical introduction to nanotechnology is Nanosystems: molecular machinery, manufacturing, and computation by K. Eric Drexler, Wiley 1992.

The Feynman Lectures on Physics are available online.

I would like to describe a field, in which little has been done, but in which an enormous amount can be done in principle. This field is not quite the same as the others in that it will not tell us much of fundamental physics (in the sense of, "What are the strange particles?") but it is more like solid-state physics in the sense that it might tell us much of great interest about the strange phenomena that occur in complex situations. Furthermore, a point that is most important is that it would have an enormous number of technical applications.

What I want to talk about is the problem of manipulating and controlling things on a small scale.

As soon as I mention this, people tell me about miniaturization, and how far it has progressed today. They tell me about electric motors that are the size of the nail on your small finger. And there is a device on the market, they tell me, by which you can write the Lord's Prayer on the head of a pin. But that's nothing; that's the most primitive, halting step in the direction I intend to discuss. It is a staggeringly small world that is below. In the year 2000, when they look back at this age, they will wonder why it was not until the year 1960 that anybody began seriously to move in this direction.

Why cannot we write the entire 24 volumes of the Encyclopaedia Brittanica on the head of a pin?

Let's see what would be involved. The head of a pin is a sixteenth of an inch across. If you magnify it by 25,000 diameters, the area of the head of the pin is then equal to the area of all the pages of the Encyclopaedia Brittanica. Therefore, all it is necessary to do is to reduce in size all the writing in the Encyclopaedia by 25,000 times. Is that possible? The resolving power of the eye is about 1/120 of an inch that is roughly the diameter of one of the little dots on the fine half-tone reproductions in the Encyclopaedia. This, when you demagnify it by 25,000 times, is still 80 angstroms in diameter 32 atoms across, in an ordinary metal. In other words, one of those dots still would contain in its area 1,000 atoms. So, each dot can easily be adjusted in size as required by the photoengraving, and there is no question that there is enough room on the head of a pin to put all of the Encyclopaedia Brittanica.

Furthermore, it can be read if it is so written. Let's imagine that it is written in raised letters of metal; that is, where the black is in the Encyclopedia, we have raised letters of metal that are actually 1/25,000 of their ordinary size. How would we read it?

If we had something written in such a way, we could read it using techniques in common use today. (They will undoubtedly find a better way when we do actually have it written, but to make my point conservatively I shall just take techniques we know today.) We would press the metal into a plastic material and make a mold of it, then peel the plastic off very carefully, evaporate silica into the plastic to get a very thin film, then shadow it by evaporating gold at an angle against the silica so that all the little letters will appear clearly, dissolve the plastic away from the silica film, and then look through it with an electron microscope!

There is no question that if the thing were reduced by 25,000 times in the form of raised letters on the pin, it would be easy for us to read it today. Furthermore, there is no question that we would find it easy to make copies of the master; we would just need to press the same metal plate again into plastic and we would have another copy.

This method might be very slow because of space charge limitations. There will be more rapid methods. We could first make, perhaps by some photo process, a screen which has holes in it in the form of the letters. Then we would strike an arc behind the holes and draw metallic ions through the holes; then we could again use our system of lenses and make a small image in the form of ions, which would deposit the metal on the pin.

A simpler way might be this (though I am not sure it would work): We take light and, through an optical microscope running backwards, we focus it onto a very small photoelectric screen. Then electrons come away from the screen where the light is shining. These electrons are focused down in size by the electron microscope lenses to impinge directly upon the surface of the metal. Will such a beam etch away the metal if it is run long enough? I don't know. If it doesn't work for a metal surface, it must be possible to find some surface with which to coat the original pin so that, where the electrons bombard, a change is made which we could recognize later.

There is no intensity problem in these devices not what you are used to in magnification, where you have to take a few electrons and spread them over a bigger and bigger screen; it is just the opposite. The light which we get from a page is concentrated onto a very small area so it is very intense. The few electrons which come from the photoelectric screen are demagnified down to a very tiny area so that, again, they are very intense. I don't know why this hasn't been done yet!

That's the Encyclopaedia Brittanica on the head of a pin, but let's consider all the books in the world. The Library of Congress has approximately 9 million volumes; the British Museum Library has 5 million volumes; there are also 5 million volumes in the National Library in France. Undoubtedly there are duplications, so let us say that there are some 24 million volumes of interest in the world.

What would happen if I print all this down at the scale we have been discussing? How much space would it take? It would take, of course, the area of about a million pinheads because, instead of there being just the 24 volumes of the Encyclopaedia, there are 24 million volumes. The million pinheads can be put in a square of a thousand pins on a side, or an area of about 3 square yards. That is to say, the silica replica with the paper-thin backing of plastic, with which we have made the copies, with all this information, is on an area of approximately the size of 35 pages of the Encyclopaedia. That is about half as many pages as there are in this magazine. All of the information which all of mankind has ever recorded in books can be carried around in a pamphlet in your hand and not written in code, but as a simple reproduction of the original pictures, engravings, and everything else on a small scale without loss of resolution.

What would our librarian at Caltech say, as she runs all over from one building to another, if I tell her that, ten years from now, all of the information that she is struggling to keep track of 120,000 volumes, stacked from the floor to the ceiling, drawers full of cards, storage rooms full of the older books can be kept on just one library card! When the University of Brazil, for example, finds that their library is burned, we can send them a copy of every book in our library by striking off a copy from the master plate in a few hours and mailing it in an envelope no bigger or heavier than any other ordinary air mail letter.

Now, the name of this talk is "There is Plenty of Room at the Bottom" not just "There is Room at the Bottom." What I have demonstrated is that there is room that you can decrease the size of things in a practical way. I now want to show that there is plenty of room. I will not now discuss how we are going to do it, but only what is possible in principle in other words, what is possible according to the laws of physics. I am not inventing anti-gravity, which is possible someday only if the laws are not what we think. I am telling you what could be done if the laws are what we think; we are not doing it simply because we haven't yet gotten around to it.

Let us represent a dot by a small spot of one metal, the next dash by an adjacent spot of another metal, and so on. Suppose, to be conservative, that a bit of information is going to require a little cube of atoms 5 x 5 x 5 that is 125 atoms. Perhaps we need a hundred and some odd atoms to make sure that the information is not lost through diffusion, or through some other process.

I have estimated how many letters there are in the Encyclopaedia, and I have assumed that each of my 24 million books is as big as an Encyclopaedia volume, and have calculated, then, how many bits of information there are (1015). For each bit I allow 100 atoms. And it turns out that all of the information that man has carefully accumulated in all the books in the world can be written in this form in a cube of material one two-hundredth of an inch wide which is the barest piece of dust that can be made out by the human eye. So there is plenty of room at the bottom! Don't tell me about microfilm!

This fact that enormous amounts of information can be carried in an exceedingly small space is, of course, well known to the biologists, and resolves the mystery which existed before we understood all this clearly, of how it could be that, in the tiniest cell, all of the information for the organization of a complex creature such as ourselves can be stored. All this information whether we have brown eyes, or whether we think at all, or that in the embryo the jawbone should first develop with a little hole in the side so that later a nerve can grow through it all this information is contained in a very tiny fraction of the cell in the form of long-chain DNA molecules in which approximately 50 atoms are used for one bit of information about the cell.

We have friends in other fields in biology, for instance. We physicists often look at them and say, "You know the reason you fellows are making so little progress?" (Actually I don't know any field where they are making more rapid progress than they are in biology today.) "You should use more mathematics, like we do." They could answer us but they're polite, so I'll answer for them: "What you should do in order for us to make more rapid progress is to make the electron microscope 100 times better."

What are the most central and fundamental problems of biology today? They are questions like: What is the sequence of bases in the DNA? What happens when you have a mutation? How is the base order in the DNA connected to the order of amino acids in the protein? What is the structure of the RNA; is it single-chain or double-chain, and how is it related in its order of bases to the DNA? What is the organization of the microsomes? How are proteins synthesized? Where does the RNA go? How does it sit? Where do the proteins sit? Where do the amino acids go in? In photosynthesis, where is the chlorophyll; how is it arranged; where are the carotenoids involved in this thing? What is the system of the conversion of light into chemical energy?

It is very easy to answer many of these fundamental biological questions; you just look at the thing! You will see the order of bases in the chain; you will see the structure of the microsome. Unfortunately, the present microscope sees at a scale which is just a bit too crude. Make the microscope one hundred times more powerful, and many problems of biology would be made very much easier. I exaggerate, of course, but the biologists would surely be very thankful to you and they would prefer that to the criticism that they should use more mathematics.

The theory of chemical processes today is based on theoretical physics. In this sense, physics supplies the foundation of chemistry. But chemistry also has analysis. If you have a strange substance and you want to know what it is, you go through a long and complicated process of chemical analysis. You can analyze almost anything today, so I am a little late with my idea. But if the physicists wanted to, they could also dig under the chemists in the problem of chemical analysis. It would be very easy to make an analysis of any complicated chemical substance; all one would have to do would be to look at it and see where the atoms are. The only trouble is that the electron microscope is one hundred times too poor. (Later, I would like to ask the question: Can the physicists do something about the third problem of chemistry namely, synthesis? Is there a physical way to synthesize any chemical substance?

The reason the electron microscope is so poor is that the f- value of the lenses is only 1 part to 1,000; you don't have a big enough numerical aperture. And I know that there are theorems which prove that it is impossible, with axially symmetrical stationary field lenses, to produce an f-value any bigger than so and so; and therefore the resolving power at the present time is at its theoretical maximum. But in every theorem there are assumptions. Why must the field be axially symmetrical? Why must the field be stationary? Can't we have pulsed electron beams in fields moving up along with the electrons? Must the field be symmetrical? I put this out as a challenge: Is there no way to make the electron microscope more powerful?

There may even be an economic point to this business of making things very small. Let me remind you of some of the problems of computing machines. In computers we have to store an enormous amount of information. The kind of writing that I was mentioning before, in which I had everything down as a distribution of metal, is permanent. Much more interesting to a computer is a way of writing, erasing, and writing something else. (This is usually because we don't want to waste the material on which we have just written. Yet if we could write it in a very small space, it wouldn't make any difference; it could just be thrown away after it was read. It doesn't cost very much for the material).

If I look at your face I immediately recognize that I have seen it before. (Actually, my friends will say I have chosen an unfortunate example here for the subject of this illustration. At least I recognize that it is a man and not an apple.) Yet there is no machine which, with that speed, can take a picture of a face and say even that it is a man; and much less that it is the same man that you showed it before unless it is exactly the same picture. If the face is changed; if I am closer to the face; if I am further from the face; if the light changes I recognize it anyway. Now, this little computer I carry in my head is easily able to do that. The computers that we build are not able to do that. The number of elements in this bone box of mine are enormously greater than the number of elements in our "wonderful" computers. But our mechanical computers are too big; the elements in this box are microscopic. I want to make some that are sub-microscopic.

If we wanted to make a computer that had all these marvelous extra qualitative abilities, we would have to make it, perhaps, the size of the Pentagon. This has several disadvantages. First, it requires too much material; there may not be enough germanium in the world for all the transistors which would have to be put into this enormous thing. There is also the problem of heat generation and power consumption; TVA would be needed to run the computer. But an even more practical difficulty is that the computer would be limited to a certain speed. Because of its large size, there is finite time required to get the information from one place to another. The information cannot go any faster than the speed of light so, ultimately, when our computers get faster and faster and more and more elaborate, we will have to make them smaller and smaller.

But there is plenty of room to make them smaller. There is nothing that I can see in the physical laws that says the computer elements cannot be made enormously smaller than they are now. In fact, there may be certain advantages.

But I would like to discuss, just for amusement, that there are other possibilities. Why can't we manufacture these small computers somewhat like we manufacture the big ones? Why can't we drill holes, cut things, solder things, stamp things out, mold different shapes all at an infinitesimal level? What are the limitations as to how small a thing has to be before you can no longer mold it? How many times when you are working on something frustratingly tiny like your wife's wrist watch, have you said to yourself, "If I could only train an ant to do this!" What I would like to suggest is the possibility of training an ant to train a mite to do this. What are the possibilities of small but movable machines? They may or may not be useful, but they surely would be fun to make.

Consider any machine for example, an automobile and ask about the problems of making an infinitesimal machine like it. Suppose, in the particular design of the automobile, we need a certain precision of the parts; we need an accuracy, let's suppose, of 4/10,000 of an inch. If things are more inaccurate than that in the shape of the cylinder and so on, it isn't going to work very well. If I make the thing too small, I have to worry about the size of the atoms; I can't make a circle out of "balls" so to speak, if the circle is too small. So, if I make the error, corresponding to 4/10,000 of an inch, correspond to an error of 10 atoms, it turns out that I can reduce the dimensions of an automobile 4,000 times, approximately so that it is 1 mm. across. Obviously, if you redesign the car so that it would work with a much larger tolerance, which is not at all impossible, then you could make a much smaller device.

It is interesting to consider what the problems are in such small machines. Firstly, with parts stressed to the same degree, the forces go as the area you are reducing, so that things like weight and inertia are of relatively no importance. The strength of material, in other words, is very much greater in proportion. The stresses and expansion of the flywheel from centrifugal force, for example, would be the same proportion only if the rotational speed is increased in the same proportion as we decrease the size. On the other hand, the metals that we use have a grain structure, and this would be very annoying at small scale because the material is not homogeneous. Plastics and glass and things of this amorphous nature are very much more homogeneous, and so we would have to make our machines out of such materials.

There are problems associated with the electrical part of the system with the copper wires and the magnetic parts. The magnetic properties on a very small scale are not the same as on a large scale; there is the "domain" problem involved. A big magnet made of millions of domains can only be made on a small scale with one domain. The electrical equipment won't simply be scaled down; it has to be redesigned. But I can see no reason why it can't be redesigned to work again.

This rapid heat loss would prevent the gasoline from exploding, so an internal combustion engine is impossible. Other chemical reactions, liberating energy when cold, can be used. Probably an external supply of electrical power would be most convenient for such small machines.

What would be the utility of such machines? Who knows? Of course, a small automobile would only be useful for the mites to drive around in, and I suppose our Christian interests don't go that far. However, we did note the possibility of the manufacture of small elements for computers in completely automatic factories, containing lathes and other machine tools at the very small level. The small lathe would not have to be exactly like our big lathe. I leave to your imagination the improvement of the design to take full advantage of the properties of things on a small scale, and in such a way that the fully automatic aspect would be easiest to manage.

A friend of mine (Albert R. Hibbs) suggests a very interesting possibility for relatively small machines. He says that, although it is a very wild idea, it would be interesting in surgery if you could swallow the surgeon. You put the mechanical surgeon inside the blood vessel and it goes into the heart and "looks" around. (Of course the information has to be fed out.) It finds out which valve is the faulty one and takes a little knife and slices it out. Other small machines might be permanently incorporated in the body to assist some inadequately-functioning organ.

Now comes the interesting question: How do we make such a tiny mechanism? I leave that to you. However, let me suggest one weird possibility. You know, in the atomic energy plants they have materials and machines that they can't handle directly because they have become radioactive. To unscrew nuts and put on bolts and so on, they have a set of master and slave hands, so that by operating a set of levers here, you control the "hands" there, and can turn them this way and that so you can handle things quite nicely.

Most of these devices are actually made rather simply, in that there is a particular cable, like a marionette string, that goes directly from the controls to the "hands." But, of course, things also have been made using servo motors, so that the connection between the one thing and the other is electrical rather than mechanical. When you turn the levers, they turn a servo motor, and it changes the electrical currents in the wires, which repositions a motor at the other end.

Now, I want to build much the same device a master-slave system which operates electrically. But I want the slaves to be made especially carefully by modern large-scale machinists so that they are one-fourth the scale of the "hands" that you ordinarily maneuver. So you have a scheme by which you can do things at one- quarter scale anyway the little servo motors with little hands play with little nuts and bolts; they drill little holes; they are four times smaller. Aha! So I manufacture a quarter-size lathe; I manufacture quarter-size tools; and I make, at the one-quarter scale, still another set of hands again relatively one-quarter size! This is one-sixteenth size, from my point of view. And after I finish doing this I wire directly from my large-scale system, through transformers perhaps, to the one-sixteenth-size servo motors. Thus I can now manipulate the one-sixteenth size hands.

Well, you get the principle from there on. It is rather a difficult program, but it is a possibility. You might say that one can go much farther in one step than from one to four. Of course, this has all to be designed very carefully and it is not necessary simply to make it like hands. If you thought of it very carefully, you could probably arrive at a much better system for doing such things.

If you work through a pantograph, even today, you can get much more than a factor of four in even one step. But you can't work directly through a pantograph which makes a smaller pantograph which then makes a smaller pantograph because of the looseness of the holes and the irregularities of construction. The end of the pantograph wiggles with a relatively greater irregularity than the irregularity with which you move your hands. In going down this scale, I would find the end of the pantograph on the end of the pantograph on the end of the pantograph shaking so badly that it wasn't doing anything sensible at all.

At each stage, it is necessary to improve the precision of the apparatus. If, for instance, having made a small lathe with a pantograph, we find its lead screw irregular more irregular than the large-scale one we could lap the lead screw against breakable nuts that you can reverse in the usual way back and forth until this lead screw is, at its scale, as accurate as our original lead screws, at our scale.

We can make flats by rubbing unflat surfaces in triplicates together in three pairs and the flats then become flatter than the thing you started with. Thus, it is not impossible to improve precision on a small scale by the correct operations. So, when we build this stuff, it is necessary at each step to improve the accuracy of the equipment by working for awhile down there, making accurate lead screws, Johansen blocks, and all the other materials which we use in accurate machine work at the higher level. We have to stop at each level and manufacture all the stuff to go to the next level a very long and very difficult program. Perhaps you can figure a better way than that to get down to small scale more rapidly.

Yet, after all this, you have just got one little baby lathe four thousand times smaller than usual. But we were thinking of making an enormous computer, which we were going to build by drilling holes on this lathe to make little washers for the computer. How many washers can you manufacture on this one lathe?

Where am I going to put the million lathes that I am going to have? Why, there is nothing to it; the volume is much less than that of even one full-scale lathe. For instance, if I made a billion little lathes, each 1/4000 of the scale of a regular lathe, there are plenty of materials and space available because in the billion little ones there is less than 2 percent of the materials in one big lathe.

It doesn't cost anything for materials, you see. So I want to build a billion tiny factories, models of each other, which are manufacturing simultaneously, drilling holes, stamping parts, and so on.

As we go down in size, there are a number of interesting problems that arise. All things do not simply scale down in proportion. There is the problem that materials stick together by the molecular (Van der Waals) attractions. It would be like this: After you have made a part and you unscrew the nut from a bolt, it isn't going to fall down because the gravity isn't appreciable; it would even be hard to get it off the bolt. It would be like those old movies of a man with his hands full of molasses, trying to get rid of a glass of water. There will be several problems of this nature that we will have to be ready to design for.

Up to now, we have been content to dig in the ground to find minerals. We heat them and we do things on a large scale with them, and we hope to get a pure substance with just so much impurity, and so on. But we must always accept some atomic arrangement that nature gives us. We haven't got anything, say, with a "checkerboard" arrangement, with the impurity atoms exactly arranged 1,000 angstroms apart, or in some other particular pattern.

What could we do with layered structures with just the right layers? What would the properties of materials be if we could really arrange the atoms the way we want them? They would be very interesting to investigate theoretically. I can't see exactly what would happen, but I can hardly doubt that when we have some control of the arrangement of things on a small scale we will get an enormously greater range of possible properties that substances can have, and of different things that we can do.

Consider, for example, a piece of material in which we make little coils and condensers (or their solid state analogs) 1,000 or 10,000 angstroms in a circuit, one right next to the other, over a large area, with little antennas sticking out at the other end a whole series of circuits. Is it possible, for example, to emit light from a whole set of antennas, like we emit radio waves from an organized set of antennas to beam the radio programs to Europe? The same thing would be to beam the light out in a definite direction with very high intensity. (Perhaps such a beam is not very useful technically or economically.)

I have thought about some of the problems of building electric circuits on a small scale, and the problem of resistance is serious. If you build a corresponding circuit on a small scale, its natural frequency goes up, since the wave length goes down as the scale; but the skin depth only decreases with the square root of the scale ratio, and so resistive problems are of increasing difficulty. Possibly we can beat resistance through the use of superconductivity if the frequency is not too high, or by other tricks.

Another thing we will notice is that, if we go down far enough, all of our devices can be mass produced so that they are absolutely perfect copies of one another. We cannot build two large machines so that the dimensions are exactly the same. But if your machine is only 100 atoms high, you only have to get it correct to one-half of one percent to make sure the other machine is exactly the same size namely, 100 atoms high!

At the atomic level, we have new kinds of forces and new kinds of possibilities, new kinds of effects. The problems of manufacture and reproduction of materials will be quite different. I am, as I said, inspired by the biological phenomena in which chemical forces are used in a repetitious fashion to produce all kinds of weird effects (one of which is the author).

The principles of physics, as far as I can see, do not speak against the possibility of maneuvering things atom by atom. It is not an attempt to violate any laws; it is something, in principle, that can be done; but in practice, it has not been done because we are too big.

Ultimately, we can do chemical synthesis. A chemist comes to us and says, "Look, I want a molecule that has the atoms arranged thus and so; make me that molecule." The chemist does a mysterious thing when he wants to make a molecule. He sees that it has got that ring, so he mixes this and that, and he shakes it, and he fiddles around. And, at the end of a difficult process, he usually does succeed in synthesizing what he wants. By the time I get my devices working, so that we can do it by physics, he will have figured out how to synthesize absolutely anything, so that this will really be useless.

But it is interesting that it would be, in principle, possible (I think) for a physicist to synthesize any chemical substance that the chemist writes down. Give the orders and the physicist synthesizes it. How? Put the atoms down where the chemist says, and so you make the substance. The problems of chemistry and biology can be greatly helped if our ability to see what we are doing, and to do things on an atomic level, is ultimately developed a development which I think cannot be avoided.

Now, you might say, "Who should do this and why should they do it?" Well, I pointed out a few of the economic applications, but I know that the reason that you would do it might be just for fun. But have some fun! Let's have a competition between laboratories. Let one laboratory make a tiny motor which it sends to another lab which sends it back with a thing that fits inside the shaft of the first motor.

Perhaps this doesn't excite you to do it, and only economics will do so. Then I want to do something; but I can't do it at the present moment, because I haven't prepared the ground. It is my intention to offer a prize of $1,000 to the first guy who can take the information on the page of a book and put it on an area 1/25,000 smaller in linear scale in such manner that it can be read by an electron microscope.

And I want to offer another prize if I can figure out how to phrase it so that I don't get into a mess of arguments about definitions of another $1,000 to the first guy who makes an operating electric motor a rotating electric motor which can be controlled from the outside and, not counting the lead-in wires, is only 1/64 inch cube.

I do not expect that such prizes will have to wait very long for claimants.

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Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom Richard ... - Zyvex

WW3 What is the New World Order (NWO)?

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Introduction

The following article is extracted from an excellent analysis of the New World Order by author Ken Adachi which can be found at educate-yourself.org.

The term New World Order (NWO) has been used by numerous politicians through the ages, and is a generic term used to refer to a worldwide conspiracy being orchestrated by an extremely powerful and influential group of genetically-related individuals (at least at the highest echelons) which include many of the world's wealthiest people, top political leaders, and corporate elite, as well as members of the so-called Black Nobility of Europe (dominated by the British Crown) whose goal is to create a One World (fascist) Government, stripped of nationalistic and regional boundaries, that is obedient to their agenda.

Listen to the Zionist* banker, Paul Warburg:

Their intention is to effect complete and total control over every human being on the planet and to dramatically reduce the world's population by two thirds. While the name New World Order is the term most frequently used today to loosely refer to anyone involved in this conspiracy, the study of exactly who makes up this group is a complex and intricate one. For further research sources, please see the side bar on the left.

In 1992, Dr John Coleman published Conspirators Hierarchy: The Story of the Committee of 300. With laudable scholarship and meticulous research, Dr Coleman identifies the players and carefully details the New World Order agenda of worldwide domination and control. On page 161 of the Conspirators Hierarchy, Dr Coleman accurately summarizes the intent and purpose of the Committee of 300 as follows:

A One World Government and one-unit monetary system, under permanent non-elected hereditary oligarchists who self-select from among their numbers in the form of a feudal system as it was in the Middle Ages. In this One World entity, population will be limited by restrictions on the number of children per family, diseases, wars, famines, until 1 billion people who are useful to the ruling class, in areas which will be strictly and clearly defined, remain as the total world population.

There will be no middle class, only rulers and the servants. All laws will be uniform under a legal system of world courts practicing the same unified code of laws, backed up by a One World Government police force and a One World unified military to enforce laws in all former countries where no national boundaries shall exist. The system will be on the basis of a welfare state; those who are obedient and subservient to the One World Government will be rewarded with the means to live; those who are rebellious will simply be starved to death or be declared outlaws, thus a target for anyone who wishes to kill them. Privately owned firearms or weapons of any kind will be prohibited."

The sheer magnitude and complex web of deceit surrounding the individuals and organizations involved in this conspiracy is mind boggling, even for the most astute among us. Most people react with disbelief and skepticism towards the topic, unaware that they have been conditioned (brainwashed) to react with skepticism by institutional and media influences. Author and de-programmer Fritz Springmeier (The Top 13 Illuminati Bloodlines) says that most people have built in "slides" that short circuit the mind's critical examination process when it comes to certain sensitive topics. "Slides", Springmeier reports, is a CIA term for a conditioned type of response which dead ends a person's thinking and terminates debate or examination of the topic at hand. For example, the mention of the word "conspiracy" often solicits a slide response with many people.

What most people believe to be "Public Opinion" is in reality carefully crafted and scripted propaganda designed to elicit a desired behavioral response from the public. Public opinion polls are really taken with the intent of gauging the public's acceptance of the New World Order's planned programs. A strong showing in the polls tells them that the programming is "taking", while a poor showing tells the NWO manipulators that they have to recast or "tweak" the programming until the desired response is achieved.

The NWO global conspirators manifest their agenda through the skilful manipulation of human emotions, especially fear. In the past centuries, they have repeatedly utilized a contrivance that NWO researcher and author David Icke has characterized in his latest book, The Biggest Secret, as Problem, Reaction, and Solution.

The technique is as follows: NWO strategists create the Problem - by funding, assembling, and training an "opposition" group to stimulate turmoil in an established political power (sovereign country, region, continent, etc.) that they wish to impinge upon and thus create opposing factions in a conflict that the NWO themselves maneuvered into existence. In recent decades, so called opposition groups are usually identified in the media as 'freedom fighters' or 'liberators'.

At the same time, the leader of the established political power where the conflict is being orchestrated is demonized and, on cue, referred to as 'another Hitler' (take your pick: Saddam Hussein, Milosevic, Kadaffi, etc.). The 'freedom fighters' are not infrequently assembled from a local criminal element (i.e. KLA, drug traffickers). In the spirit of true Machiavellian deceit, the same NWO strategists are equally involved in covertly arming and advising the leader of the established power as well (the NWO always profits from any armed conflict by loaning money, arming, and supplying all parties involved in a war).

The conflict is drawn to the world stage by the controlled media outlets with a barrage of photos and video tape reports of horrific and bloody atrocities suffered by innocent civilians. The cry goes up "Something has to be done!" And that is the desired Reaction.

The NWO puppeteers then provide the Solution by sending in UN 'Peace Keepers' (Bosnia) or a UN 'Coalition Force' (Gulf War) or NATO Bombers and then ground troops (Kosovo), or the military to 'search for Weapons of Mass Destruction', which of course are never found. Once installed, the 'peace keepers' never leave. The idea is to have NWO controlled ground troops in all major countries or strategic areas where significant resistance to the New World Order takeover is likely to be encountered.

The corporate portion of the NWO is dominated by international bankers, oil barons and pharmaceutical cartels, as well as other major multinational corporations. The Royal Family of England, namely Queen Elizabeth II and the House of Windsor, (who are, in fact, descendants of the German arm of European Royalty - the Saxe-Coburg-Gotha family - changed the name to Windsor in 1914), are high level players in the oligarchy which controls the upper strata of the NWO. The decision making nerve centers of this effort are in London (especially the City of London), Basel Switzerland, and Brussels (NATO headquarters).

The United Nations, along with all the agencies working under the UN umbrella, such as theWorld Health Organization (WHO), are full time players in this scheme. Similarly, NATO is a military tool of the NWO.

The leaders of all major industrial countries like the United States, England, Germany, Italy, Australia, New Zealand, etc. (members of the "G7/G8" ) are active and fully cooperative participants in this conspiracy. In this century, the degree of control exerted by the NWO has advanced to the point that only certain hand-picked individuals, who are groomed and selected are even eligible to become the prime minister or president of countries like England, Germany, or The United States. It didn't matter whether Bill Clinton or Bob Dole won the Presidency in 1996, the results would have been the same. Both men are playing on the same team for the same ball club. Anyone who isn't a team player is taken out: i.e. President Kennedy, Ali Bhutto (Pakistan) and Aldo Moro (Italy). More recently, Admiral Borda and William Colby were also killed because they were either unwilling to go along with the conspiracy to destroy America, weren't cooperating in some capacity, or were attempting to expose/ thwart the takeover agenda.

Most of the major wars, political upheavals, and economic depression/recessions of the past 100 years (and earlier) were carefully planned and instigated by the machinations of these elites. They include The Spanish-American War (1898), World War I and World War II; The Great Depression; the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917; the Rise of Nazi Germany; the Korean War; the Vietnam War; the 1989-91 "fall" of Soviet Communism; the 1991 Gulf War; the War in Kosovo; and the two Iraq wars. Even the French Revolution was orchestrated into existence by elements of the NWO.

The instigation of a trumped-up war as a cover for amassing fortunes which can be dated back to at least the 12th Century when only a core group of nine members of the Knights Templar, kicked off the The Crusades that lasted for over a century and a half.

The core group mentioned above have been reported as being the military arm of a secret society known as the Priory of Sion, but this has been proven to be a hoax,

In 1307, the king of France, Philippe the Fair, coveted the wealth and was jealous of the Templars' power. The French king set out to arrest all the Templars in France on October 13. While many Templars were seized and tortured, including their Grand Master, Jacques de Molay, many other Templars (who had been tipped off) escaped. They eventually resurfaced in Portugal, in Malta (as the Knights of Malta) and later in Scotland as The Scottish Rites of Freemasonry, with Albert Pike playing a key role in defining a plan for establishing a world government.

The acquisition and consolidation of ever greater wealth, natural resources, total political power, and control over others are the motivating forces which drive the decisions of the NWO leaders. The toll in human suffering and the loss of innocent lives are non issues for these individuals.

* See Zionism for a discussion of the difference between Zionism and Judaism.

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WW3 What is the New World Order (NWO)?

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WW3 – Albert Pike and the Three World Wars

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Continued from Part 1: Who Was Albert Pike?.

Albert Pike received a vision, which he described in a letter that he wrote to Mazzini, dated August 15, 1871. This letter graphically outlined plans for three world wars that were seen as necessary to bring about the One World Order, and we can marvel at how accurately it has predicted events that have already taken place.

It is a commonly believed fallacy that for a short time, the Pike letter to Mazzini was on display in the British Museum Library in London, and it was copied by William Guy Carr, former Intelligence Officer in the Royal Canadian Navy. The British Library has confirmed in writing to me that such a document has never been in their possession. Furthermore, in Carr's book, Carr includes the following footnote:

It appears that Carr learned about this letter from Cardinal Caro y Rodriguez of Santiago, Chile, who wrote The Mystery of Freemasonry Unveiled.

To date, no conclusive proof exists to show that this letter was ever written. Nevertheless, the letter is widely quoted and the topic of much discussion.

Following are apparently extracts of the letter, showing how Three World Wars have been planned for many generations.

Students of history will recognize that the political alliances of England on one side and Germany on the other, forged between 1871 and 1898 by Otto von Bismarck, co-conspirator of Albert Pike, were instrumental in bringing about the First World War.

After this Second World War, Communism was made strong enough to begin taking over weaker governments. In 1945, at the Potsdam Conference between Truman, Churchill, and Stalin, a large portion of Europe was simply handed over to Russia, and on the other side of the world, the aftermath of the war with Japan helped to sweep the tide of Communism into China.

(Readers who argue that the terms Nazism and Zionism were not known in 1871 should remember that the Illuminati invented both these movements. In addition, Communism as an ideology, and as a coined phrase, originates in France during the Revolution. In 1785, Restif coined the phrase four years before revolution broke out. Restif and Babeuf, in turn, were influenced by Rousseau - as was the most famous conspirator of them all, Adam Weishaupt.)

Since the terrorist attacks of Sept 11, 2001, world events, and in particular in the Middle East, show a growing unrest and instability between Modern Zionism and the Arabic World. This is completely in line with the call for a Third World War to be fought between the two, and their allies on both sides. This Third World War is still to come, and recent events show us that it is not far off.

You might be interested in the following external links:

Albert Pike Defense: Defenses of certain Pike assertions taken from Walter Lee Brown, Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville and his book "A Life of Albert Pike," published by the U. of Arkansas press, 1997.

Freemasonry Inside Out: This sensational analysis of the Masonic brotherhood examines the basic question asked for almost 300 years by the general public and surprisingly by many masons themselves. "If Freemasonry is simply a fraternal and charitable organisation, why is there an almost fanatical obsession with secrecy."

Layout of Washington D.C. and discussion of how President Andrew Johnson considered himself to be the subordinate to Albert Pike, the leader of North American Freemasonry.

Looking for pictures of Albert Pike?

Footnotes

1. Lady Queensborough: Occult Theocracy, pp. 208-209.

2, 3, 4. Cmdr. William Guy Carr: Quoted in Satan: Prince of This World.

See the article here:

WW3 - Albert Pike and the Three World Wars

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The Prophecy of WW3 – oriharu.net

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There is a Prophecy of Nostradamus (6-21)

To Japanese document.(201306050409)

The Prophecy of Vladimir Solovyov is accurate. He wrote a book of prophecy in 1900 is right about upheavals of the 20th century, too. ( http://members.valley.net/~transnat/solsoc.html ) ( http://www.iep.utm.edu/solovyov/ ) He mentioned about Anti-Christ(666). I translated it from Japanese.( http://oriharu.net/j2031.htm#expelled_from_Italy )

According to Vladimir Solovyov, The United States of Europe will appear. At that time, Israel's population is about 30 million people. The Anti-Christ(666) becomes the first president of The United States of Europe.

Many people will die, near future. Perhaps around 2031.

I beg you to please work something out. (201304150351)

Prophecy is offered to mankind as a door for changing the future.(201304152014)

In Italy, with the authority of substantial is the prime minister. Prime Minister is supposed to be appointed by the President. At that time, be appointed from civilian is also possible. I think there is a risk that Anti-Christ(666) will be appointed from the private sector. As possibility, The President will be acquired or threatened ? (201304252032)

Thank you for coming to my home page.

Brazilian prophet Jucelino Nobrega da Luz prophesy the collapse of dollar happens on June 15, 2010. I think this incident will becomes communist's excuse.

Anton Johansson, Sweden (1858-1909) prophesied the following details:

2) New diseases used as weapons will cause 25 million people to die.

3) Persia and Turkey will be conquered by what seem to be Russian troops.

4) Revolutionaries will instigate unrest and war in India and Egypt to facilitate the occupation of India and Europe.

5) The Russians will conquer the Balkans.

6) There will be great destruction in Italy.

7) The "red storm" will approach France through Hungary, Austria, northern Italy and Switzerland. France will be conquered from inside and outside.

8) American supply depots will fall into Russian hands.

9) Germany will be attacked from the east.

10) There will be a civil war, Germans will fight against Germans.

11) The Eastern Bloc will cause a civil war in England.

12) Russia will lead a mass attack against the United States, so U.S. forces will be prevented from reinforcing Europe.

13) New weapons will cause huge hurricanes and firestorms in the USA where the largest cities will be destroyed.

Anton Johansson said The Third World War would break out at "the end of July, beginning of August." Her further added: "I do not know the year."

A Canadian prophet Anthony Carr prophesied "Effel Tower of Paris falls sideways" as in this year(2010). Is this Russian armies attack ? And he prophesied about June 12, 2010. He said "A certain dramatic happening will change many people's life". Is this the collapse of dollar ? -> (It must be this Emergency in Kyrgyz at June 12, 2010 (201006132151))

Anthony Carr prophesy that Canada and U.S.A. are forgotten economically and finally it will be as large as the recession of 1930's. It seems to happen natural disaster and The War like The World War I, The World War II to kill us. Is this means The World War III? It must be so.

Anthony Carr prophesy about 2010.07.04(Sun) that people cannot notice that begins in the day, and they cannot make preparations, either.(201006162150) Is this the meaning that a communism political change happens in any European countries? (201006191723)

Now I want to introduce you the scene explained in detail about WW3 (P23 to P30) from a book "Prophecies"(by Wladyslaw Biernacki). (201006030117)

Now I will describe the course of the Third World War. It will be a hell on earth. And yet in its greatest fury it will last only three and a half months. The Third World War will begin in Italy. There will be an appallingly bloody revolution there, which will start within the Vatican City itself. A Communist government will be set up, and the Communists will harass, torture and murder the clergy. Amidst this disorder, and surrounded by the corpses of his faithful Cardinals, Pope John Paul II will flee from the Holy See to France, and then to Poland. He will remain in Poland - at Czestochowa, and elsewhere - until after the end of the war. During much of this period he will in some sense be 'invisible' - perhaps in hiding? Altogether, Pope John Paul II will be in exile for three and a half years. During this time, the Communists will mock and lay waste to the Holy See. It will be a great punishment on the Church, to atone for the personal shortcomings of certain Popes in the past. It is possible that around this time there will be a surprise Soviet military invasion of southern Europe. What is certain is that the revolution will be deliberately introduced from Italy into France and Spain, and Communist governments established in those two countries. However, these regimes will survive for only between forty and forty-six days, and will quite quickly collapse. West Germany will feel desperately threatened by all these developments, but will also see an opportunity at hand to re-unite with East Germany, and to encircle the Red Army divisions stationed there. And so the southernmost division of the West German Army will suddenly move into Czechoslovakia. The invading troops will be welcomed by the local civilian population, and also by the Czech elements in the state army. However, the Slovak Military Units will try to oppose the German advance. From Czechoslovakia, the West German forces will drive deep into Poland, penetrating as far as Walbrzyeh. Walbrzych, Klodzko, Zloty Stok and all the countryside round about those places will be utterly laid waste in the ensuing fighting.

On the opposite flank - that is to say, to the north - German forces will invade Poland both from sea, and by airborne landings at Kolobrzeg. I have seen that Kolobrzeg will be utterly devastated (particularly the resort area of the town), the destruction being as severe as that which it suffered in the Second World War. There will be a great number of casualties, but finally the Germans will take Kolobrzeg, and will hold it for eight days. On the ninth day, however, the joint Polish-Russian Armies will surround and overwhelm the German positions at Kolobrzeg, and the survivors will be taken prisoner. After this, the conflict in the north will escalate in intensity, and the area of heavy fighting will spread out right along the Baltic Sea, in a belt fifty kilometres wide and extending from Klajpeda to Szczecin. Individual towns and villages will be attacked from the direction of the shore, where a NATO operational Headquarters will have been established. In some places, the Red Army will for a while be forced back, and as they withdraw, they will demolish entire cities (like Gdansk, and Elblag) behind them. In central Poland, meanwhile, there will have been no fighting at all. However, that isn't to say that there won't, in the near future, be any destruction there of any sort, since those central provinces (like everywhere else in the world) will be affected by the earthquakes, gales, thunderstorms, famine and other calamities which will rage across the globe. Once Kolobrzeg has been recaptured and secured, the Warsaw Pact forces will formally wage war on, and invade West Germany. In the first Russian counter-thrust, therefore, the German Division in the south of Poland will be driven back to Prague. There will be an enormous military build-up there; and fighting so fierce that the streets will be ankle-deep in the blood of both soldiers and civilians, and all the splendid buildings reduced to rubble. This dreadful catastrophe will befall the Czechs as a result of that nation's apostasy from Christ. Prague will never be rebuilt. In the next thrust, the Red Army will strike across West Germany, right up as far as the French border, and at the limit of their advance will be occupying three-quarters of German territory. They will be assisted in their attack by the Czechoslovakian army (although the actual Czech units, as I've said, will have joined the Germans.) This will be the end of the initial phase of the Third World War.

All kinds of patriotic Ukranian factions will have been formed round about this time, all having an independent Ukraine as their common goal. These Ukranian nationalist groups will try to drive off the Russian armies. But tilings will turn out even worse for them than they did for the Czechs, as the Russians will adopt a 'scorched earth' policy. Anything and everybody they come across will be set on fire, or otherwise destroyed. At this point the Ukranians, seeing themselves to be on the brink of extinction as a nation, will appeal for help to the new Polish ruler. This help will be granted them immediately, and the Polish army will march east at the greatest possible speed. Soon, the front line from Klajpeda down to the Mediterranean will have been made secure against the Russians. The armies of certain other countries will now come into the fray, on the Polish side. These nations will be, to the north, Sweden, Norway and Finland; and to the south, Hungary and Romania. (These last-named countries will both have experienced their own anti-Communist risings, at round about the same time as those in Poland.) France, too, will offer her economic and military help in the Polish cause; as also will a number of black African states. The Russian troops will disperse in the face of the combined allied might, and will scatter widely. Near Kostopol, on the river Horyn, they will re-group, but will be routed in the ferocious battle which will follow, and which will last three days and nights. There will be so many casualties on each side that the Horyn will flow red with blood. In the aftermath of this crushing defeat, all surviving Russian units will surrender. The Polish army will continue its advance until it reaches the river Dniepr - in former times, the eastern frontier of the Kingdom of Poland. The troops will halt there and rest, for a number of days.

(You may have to receive this part flexibly because Mr.Wladyslaw Biernacki is a Polish farmer. As for Pope John Paul II, it is connected with one meaning to his friend John Paul II for him. (201006071614) )

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8 Mystical Herbs and Legal Psychedelics For Lucid Dreaming

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8 Mystical Herbs and Legal Psychedelics For Lucid Dreaming

Trance Wikipedia

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Trance [trs] (lat. transire hinbergehen, berschreiten) ist ein Sammelbegriff fr vernderte Bewusstseinszustnde mit einem intensiven mentalen Erleben, die sich, in Abgrenzung zum gewhnlichen Wachbewusstsein, durch eine hochfokussierte Konzentration auf einen Vorgang bei gleichzeitig sehr tiefer Entspannung und unter Ausschaltung des logisch-reflektierenden Verstandes auszeichnen.

Trancezustnde knnen entweder willentlich (z.B. visuelle Imagination im Tagtraum, Selbsthypnose, schamanische Techniken), durch (zugelassene) Fremd-Suggestion (Hypnose), andauernde Aufmerksamkeit auf eintnige Reize (z.B. Vigilanz, mentale Vertiefung, Orgasmus) oder durch Krankheit (pathologische Trance- und Besessenheitszustnde) und Drogen ausgelst werden.

Von den beiden letztgenannten Trancen abgesehen sind der Wille und ein spezieller Auslser notwendige Bedingungen zum Entstehen von Trancen. Darber hinaus hat der kulturelle bzw. religise Hintergrund der Person einen entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Art und Tiefe des Zustandes.

Jede Trance ist in unterschiedlich starker Intensitt mit einer Einengung des Bewusstseins verbunden: Die Sinneswahrnehmungen und das Gefhl der persnlichen Identitt das Ichbewusstsein werden vorbergehend stark eingeschrnkt oder ganz ausgeblendet.

Trancen fhren zu verschiedenen vorbergehenden geistigen:

und krperlichen Vernderungen:

Es gibt keine allgemeingltige Definition von Trance. Die einleitende Begriffserluterung bildet den kleinsten gemeinsamen Nenner verschiedener Definitionen.[1][2][3][4]

Als Trance gilt im Vergleich zur weiten, panoramaartigen Achtsamkeit genau genommen jede fokussierte und damit begrenzte Aufmerksamkeit. Die verstrkte Fokussierung der Aufmerksamkeit auf bestimmte Aspekte des sensualen Erlebens geht, je nach Tiefe des Trancezustandes, mit einer schwach oder stark herabgesetzten Wachheit einher.

Wissenschaftlich wird genauer unterschieden: Wachheitsgrade werden hier als Vigilanzstadien bezeichnet.

Der Bewusstseinsforscher Charles Tart beschreibt den Zustand der durchschnittlichen oder normalen Aufmerksamkeit als Alltagstrance. Die Aufmerksamkeit in ihrer gesellschaftlichen Konstitution und Funktion bezeichnet Tart als Konsensustrance. In dieser Perspektive gilt jede Art von Konzentration als Trance, so dass sich Hypnose als der hchstgradige im Wachen erreichbare Konzentrationszustand erweisen wrde.[5]

Auch bei verschiedenen Ttigkeiten wie Sport, Liebesspiel, Beschftigungen, die ebenfalls hohe Konzentration erfordern, und in (psychischen) Extremsituationen knnen trancehnliche Bewusstseinszustnde auftreten.

Zur Auslsung einer Trance, die weder durch eine Droge induziert noch traumatisch erzeugt ist, werden mehrfach und schleifenartig bestimmte Reizmuster wiederholt. Eine Trance wird mit einer hheren Anzahl von Wiederholungen tiefer. Die meisten Reize sttzen sich auf repetitive, sprachliche und rhythmische Sinnesreize und Bewegungen wie Trommelmusik, Tanzen, Gesnge, Lichtblitze und Mantren sowie sich wiederholende sprachliche Beeinflussung. Hierzu zhlt auch die Verbindung einer rhythmischen Trancemusik mit visuellen Stimulationen. Typisch ist diese Kombination von Musik mit Lichteffektanlagen auf Konzerten und in Diskotheken.

Zum Beispiel bestehen Trommelrhythmen aus einzelnen Tnen, welche zusammen ein Thema bilden. Durch Wiederholung und Abwandlung kann dann die Trance gesteuert werden. Doch treten Trancezustnde ziemlich hufig und unbemerkt bei allen Menschen auf. Manchmal gengt schon ein monotones Gerusch wie etwa das einer Maschine, sofern es lange genug gehrt wird. Nimmt eine Person ein solches Gerusch dann nicht mehr wahr, obwohl es noch besteht, handelt es sich hchstwahrscheinlich bereits um eine Art Trance.

Bei allen tranceartigen Bewusstseinszustnden knnen hnliche neurologische und krperliche Prozesse beobachtet werden. So ist der Beginn der Trance durch Steifheit des Krpers, Schwitzen und schweres Atmen gekennzeichnet.[6] Fr die mentalen Zustnde haben David Lewis-Williams und Thomas Dowson 1988 das folgende neurologische Modell beschrieben.[7][8]

Trance und andere Rauschzustnde werden durch Hyper-Erregung oder einen Hyper-Ruhezustand erreicht. In beiden Fllen kommt es zu einer Verlangsamung der summierten elektrischen Aktivitt im Gehirn. Die Bewusstseinsvernderungen gliedern sich nach dem neurologischen Modell in drei Phasen:

In der ersten Phase werden geometrische Formen wie Punkte, Zickzackstreifen, Gitter, parallele Linien und Manderlinien wahrgenommen. Diese Erscheinungen werden als Phosphene (eingebildete Lichtwahrnehmungen) bezeichnet.

In der zweiten Phase entstehen verschiedene geometrische Formen, die von den Betroffenen je nach ihrem kulturellen oder religisen Hintergrund als sinnhafte Symbole aufgefasst werden.

In der dritten Trancephase erscheint eine Art Strudel oder wirbelnder Tunnel, der den Menschen anzusaugen scheint. In dieser Phase werden tiefreichende Erfahrungen wie synsthetische Wahrnehmung (Verschmelzen verschiedener Sinnesreize), das Verlassen des eigenen Krpers oder das Eintreten in andere Wirklichkeitsebenen (Jenseits, Geisterwelt u..) erlebt. Die Eindrcke dieser dritten Trancephase werden auch hufig ber sogenannte Nahtoderfahrungen berichtet.

In Trancezustnden treten optische, somatische (= Krperwahrnehmung) und akustische Halluzinationen auf. Dinge werden grer oder kleiner gesehen, als sie eigentlich sind. Zudem werden oft Tiere gesehen. Hufig erscheinen visuelle Halluzinationen wie bereinander folgend und dann ineinander verlaufend (palimpsestartig). Somatische Halluzinationen gehen mit dem Gefhl einher, dass sich der eigene Krper in einen anderen verwandelt, beispielsweise in ein Tier. Hinzu kommt, dass man in Trance oftmals flieendes Wasser wahrnimmt und das Gefhl hat, darin zu schweben oder zu schwimmen. Solche Wahrnehmungen hngen vor allem mit Vernderungen im Amygdala (Hirnareal) zusammen, das mitunter fr die Orientierung im Raum sowie fr das Empfinden von Furcht und Aggression verantwortlich ist.

Auf der Grundlage dieses Modelles hat Lewis-Williams anhand von Vergleichen mit Felsbildern in Sdafrika eine populre Theorie eines prhistorischen Schamanismus entwickelt. Die Schlussfolgerungen werden von vielen Kritikern jedoch als hoch spekulativ betrachtet.

Tagtrume, Fantasiereisen oder der kreative Flow sind willentlich herbeigefhrte und bewusst gesteuerte Konzentrationen, die groe Teile der Wahrnehmung ausblenden. Solche Phnomene werden entweder als Vorstufen oder bereits als leichte Formen der Trance angesehen.[3]

Gelingt es einem Patienten, der sich einer Psychotherapie unterzieht, aus seinem gewohnten Bezugsrahmen und seinen berzeugungen auszubrechen, indem er vor seinem inneren Auge intensiv neue Denkmuster und Assoziationen erlebt, die ihm helfen, seine Probleme zu lsen, spricht man von einer therapeutischen Trance.[1]

Bei einer durch hypnotische Verfahren induzierten Trance entsteht eine tiefe Entspannung bei gleichzeitiger Wachheit. Die hypnotisierte Person ist weiterhin fhig, sich willentlich zu bewegen und sinnzusammenhngende Stze zu sagen, ihre Aufmerksamkeit ist jedoch extrem eingeschrnkt und auf wenige Inhalte ausgerichtet.[2] Als Besonderheit gilt eine Wachhypnose, in der eine Person sich zwar in einem trancehnlichen Zustand befindet und hierbei sogar ein Rapport besteht, sie aber trotzdem augenscheinlich hellwach ist. Die Person bewegt und verhlt sich so, dass fr ungebte Beobachter kein Unterschied zum normalen Wachzustand erkennbar ist. Diese Form der Trance besteht unterschwellig und beeintrchtigt das Wachbewusstsein nicht.

Der sterreichische Tranceforscher Giselher Guttmann stellte fest, dass im Gegensatz zu anderen Trancezustnden unter Hypnose keine signifikant verschiedene elektrische Aktivitt in der Grohirnrinde stattfindet als im normalen Wachzustand.[2]

In der Hypnose sind verschiedene Stadien der Trance bekannt: Whrend in leichten bis mittleren Stadien das Ich-Bewusstsein noch wach ist, ist es in einer Tieftrance aufgehoben. Das zeigt, dass Trance generell kein scharf abgrenzbares Phnomen ist, sondern die bergnge vom normalen Wachzustand in einzelne Trancestufen flieend sind.

Die Ethnologie belegt, dass Trancen, die als spirituell, rituell oder ekstatisch bezeichnet werden, in 90 Prozent aller menschlichen Kulturen zum religisen oder therapeutischen Repertoire gehren. Bei diesen ekstatischen Trancen, die vor allem in Zusammenhang mit Schamanismus-Konzepten beschrieben werden, werden sehr real wirkende bildhafte Halluzinationen von diversen Geistwesen durch verschiedene Techniken willentlich herbeigefhrt.

In vielen Religionen wird Trance als Mittel angesehen, um spirituell oder magisch mit Gott, Geistern oder anderen Wesen oder mythischen Orten in Verbindung zu treten. Dadurch sollen Botschaften oder Erkenntnisse erlangt werden, um weltliche Probleme zu lsen. In manchen Kulturen werden dazu Drogen verwendet.[9] Fast berall werden bestimmte rituelle Krperhaltungen in Verbindung mit rhythmischen Trommel- oder Rasselklngen zur Einleitung spiritueller Trancen verwendet. Die rhythmische Anregung ist dabei eine zwingende Voraussetzung.[2][10]

Auch in dieser durch Drogen bewirkten Form der Trance kann eine Person sich willentlich bewegen und sinnzusammenhngende Stze wiedergeben. Oftmals kommt es in dieser Tranceform zu Halluzinationen. Ausgelst wird die Trance durch psychoaktiv oder dissoziativ wirkende Substanzen. Darunter fallen Halluzinogene wie zum Beispiel LSD, Meskalin, Psilocybin und Psilocin. Aber auch Dissoziativa wie Ketamin oder Phencyclidin. Es existieren ebenfalls Berichte ber durch Cannabis induzierte Trance-artige Zustnde.

Akute Schmerzen infolge krperlicher Verletzungen knnen eine Trance auslsen. Hierzu gehren auch schmerzhafte Riten wie im schiitischen Aschura und im Sonnentanz der Indianer oder ein Lustschmerz im Zusammenhang mit BDSM-Praktiken. In dieser Trance werden krpereigene Endorphine ausgeschttet, welche die Schmerzempfindlichkeit herabsetzen und zu einem Trancezustand fhren knnen. Eine traumatische Trance kann auch durch seelische Verletzungen hervorgerufen werden.

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Trance Wikipedia

Cyberpunk 2077 Soundtrack – Bullets by Archive – YouTube

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As known from the Official Cyberpunk 2077 Teaser Trailer. Download track from Itunes store. -- Lyrics here --

Come touch me like I'm an ordinary man Have a look in my eyes Underneath my skin there is a violence It's got a gun in its hands

Ready to make Ready to make Read- Ready to make sense of anyone anything Anyone anything Anyone anything Anyone anything Anyone anything Anyone anything

Black holes living in the side of your face Razor wire spinning around you [+echo] Blistering sky Blistering sky Blistering sky Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why

Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility

Come find me Let me be the lesser of a beautiful man Without the blood on his hands Come and make me a martyr Come and break my feeling With your violence Put the gun in my hand

Ready to take... Ready to take... Ready to take... Ready to take... ...Out anyone, anywhere Anyone, anywhere Anyone, anywhere Anyone, anywhere Anyone, anywhere

Black holes living in the side of your face Razor wire spinning around you [+echo] Blister in sky Blister in sky Blister in sky Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why

Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility

Black holes living in the side of your face Razor wire spinning around you [+echo] Blistering sky Blistering sky Blistering sky Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why Bullets are the beauty of the blistering sky Bullets are the beauty and I don't know why

Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility Personal responsibility

---

(C) Island Records & Background Art by CD Project RED.

Disclaimer: Content intended for private entertainment use only. All rights belong to their respective owners.

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Cyberpunk 2077 Soundtrack - Bullets by Archive - YouTube

Tile Map Service – Wikipedia

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Tile Map Service or TMS, is a specification for tiled web maps, developed by the Open Source Geospatial Foundation. The definition generally requires a URI structure which attempts to fulfill REST principles. The TMS protocol fills a gap between the very simple standard used by OpenStreetMap and the complexity of the Web Map Service standard, providing simple urls to tiles while also supporting alternate spatial referencing system.

TMS is most widely supported by web mapping clients and servers; although there is some desktop support, the Web Map Service protocol is more widespread for enterprise mapping applications. The OpenLayers JavaScript library supports TMS natively, while the Google Maps API allows URL templating, which makes support possible for developers. TileCache is one of the most popular supporting servers, while other servers like mod_tile and TileLite focus on the de facto OpenStreetMap standard.

TMS served as the basis for the OpenGIS Web Map Tile Service OGC standard. [1]

Free software server implementation of the TMS specification:

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Systems-Based Neurotechnology for Emerging Therapies (SUBNETS)

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The Systems-Based Neurotechnology for Emerging Therapies (SUBNETS) program was created in response to a pressing need. Despite the continued best efforts of the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs to protect the health of U.S. servicemembers and veterans, the effects of neuropsychological illness brought on by war, traumatic injuries, and other experiences remain challenging to treat. Current approachessurgery, medications, and psychotherapycan often help to alleviate the worst effects of illnesses such as major depression and post-traumatic stress, but they are imprecise and not universally effective. Through SUBNETS, DARPA hopes to generate the knowledge and technology required to deliver relief to patients with otherwise intractable neuropsychological illness.

The SUBNETS vision is distinct from current therapeutic approaches in that it seeks to create an implanted, closed-loop diagnostic and therapeutic system for treating, and possibly even curing, neuropsychological illness. That vision is premised on the understanding that brain functionand dysfunction, in the case of neuropsychological illnessplays out across distributed neural systems, as opposed to being strictly relegated to distinct anatomical regions of the brain. The program also aims to take advantage of neural plasticity, a feature of the brain by which the organs anatomy and physiology alter over time to support normal brain function. Because of plasticity, researchers are optimistic that by using SUBNETS-developed technology the brain can be trained or treated to restore normal functionality following injury or the onset of neuropsychological illness.

Through measuring pathways involved in complex systems-based brain disorders including post-traumatic stress, major depression, borderline personality, general anxiety, traumatic brain injury, substance abuse and addiction, and fibromyalgia/chronic pain, SUBNETS will pursue the capability to record and model how these systems function in both normal and abnormal conditions, among volunteers seeking treatment for unrelated neurologic disorders and impaired clinical research participants. SUBNETS will then use these models to determine safe and effective therapeutic stimulation methodologies. These models will be adapted onto next-generation, closed-loop neural stimulators that exceed currently developed capacities for simultaneous stimulation and recording, with the goal of providing investigators and clinicians an unprecedented ability to record, analyze, and stimulate multiple brain regions for therapeutic purposes. The program plan calls for research to be conducted along a schedule of prescribed milestones, culminating in technology demonstrations and submission of devices for approval by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

The SUBNETS approach is directed to advance neuropsychiatry beyond the realm of dialogue-driven observations and into the realm of therapy driven by quantifiable characteristics of neural state. In doing so, the program would create one of the most comprehensive datasets of systems-based brain activity ever recorded. If successful, SUBNETS will lead to informed and precise neurotechnological therapy to produce major improvements in quality of life for servicemembers and veterans with neuropsychological illness who have very few options with existing therapies.

SUBNETS and related DARPA neuroscience efforts are informed by members of an independent Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) panel. Communications with ELSI panelists supplement the oversight provided by institutional review boards that govern human clinical studies and animal use.

SUBNETS is part of a broader portfolio of programs within DARPA that support President Obamas brain initiative.

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Systems-Based Neurotechnology for Emerging Therapies (SUBNETS)

Johns Hopkins University | Coursera

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The Childfree-by-Choice Pages

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We are a group of adults who all share at least one common desire: we do not wish to have children of our own. We are teachers, doctors, business owners, authors, computer experts - you name it. We choose to call ourselves "childfree" rather than "childless," because we feel the term "childless" implies that we're missing something we want - and we aren't. We consider ourselves childFREE - free of the loss of personal freedom, money, time and energy that having children requires.

Because being childfree-by-choice is rather frowned upon by our kidcentric society, finding information (or links to information) is difficult. Most of us are almost afraid to ask someone who might know where we can find what we're looking for. . .the disapproving stares and cries of, "How can you not want children?!" often send us into a form of "hiding." We feel like freaks and don't realize exactly how many of us and exactly how much information is actually out there. This site attempts to remedy that problem.

Please feel free to look around and check out the plethora of information we have gathered for you. If you see an omission, we'd appreciate it if you'd drop us an email with the details. This site is an ever-growing document and your input is welcome. Please understand that ALL flames will get a good giggle and a trip to the trash.

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The Childfree-by-Choice Pages

The Childfree Life Index page

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No birthdays today

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The Childfree Life Index page