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Molecular Medicine Conferences 2018 – Proteomics Conference

Posted on March 20, 2019 by Danzig

About Proteomics and Bioinformatics Conference 2019 Proteomics and Bioinformatics Conference 2019

Welcome to the official website of 2019 13th International Conference & Expo on Proteomics and Bioinformatics (Proteomics Congress 2019). Proteomics Congress 2019 will be held in Zurich, Switzerland during July 11-12, 2019.

Theme: Global Perspectives in Proteomics and Bioinformatics

Proteomics Congress 2019 is one of the front platforms for disseminating latest research results and techniques in Proteomics Research, Mass spectrometry, Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Cardiac Proteomics and many more. This Conference will provide a vibrant atmosphere and venue for proteomics and bioinformatics scientists to present and publish their research results, investigations and studies.

In recent years, most areas of proteomics, bioinformatics, mass spectrometry, computational biology and medical informatics have experienced significant advances driven by computational techniques and novel research. Moreover these researches continue to be a vibrant research area with broadening applications and new emerging challenges. Proteomics Congress 2019 seeks original and high-quality contributions in the fields of Proteomics Research, Mass spectrometry, Protein Expression and Analysis, Bioinformatics, Computational Molecular Biology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Glycobiology, Genetics and Genomics, Structural Biology, Structural Bioinformatics, Cardiac Proteomics, Advances in Proteomics and Bioinformatics and the related areas.Proteomics and Bioinformatics permits researchers to gauge physiological impacts and to screen for unfavorable responses to tranquilizes.

Why to attend??

Encounter the target market with members from across the globe, committed to learn about Proteomics and Bioinformatics. This is the best opportunity to outreach the largest gathering of participants from around the world. Conduct presentations, distribute and update knowledge about Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Mass spectrometry, Computational Biology and related areas and receive name recognition at this 2-days event. World-eminent speakers, most recent researches, latest treatment techniques and theadvanced updates in protein analysis, mass spectrometry, molecular diagnostics and devices are the principal features of this conference.

Target Audience:

Our Organization would be privileged to welcome the:

Highlights of latest advances on Proteomics and Bioinformatics 2019

Track: 1Proteomics from Discovery to Function

Proteomicsis an emerging field that has been highly enabled by the human genome project. Proteins are the products of genes, the machinery of the cells in our bodies. When genes are disrupted, theproteinsare also affected. Whenpathogensinfect us, causing disease, proteins play a key role in signaling the presence and ridding us of these invaders. Almost every process that occurs in our cells from the metabolization of simple sugar to the division of cells is dependent on proteins for smooth operation. In general,proteomicsseeks to detect and quantify as many proteins as possible.

18th Human Proteome Organization World Congress September 15-18, 2019 Adelaide, Australia; VI International Caparica Congress on Analytical Proteomics 2019 July 08-11, 2019 Caparica, Portugal; 44th Lorne Conference on Protein Structure and Function February 10-14, 2019 Lorne Australia; Great Lakes Bioinformatics Conference May 19-22, 2019 Madison, USA; 9th International Conference on Bioscience, Biochemistry and Bioinformatics January 7-9, 2019 Singapore

Relevant Societies:Human Proteome Organization,European Proteomics Association(Eupa),Spanish Proteomics Society (Seprot),Netherlands Proteomic Platform(Npp),Japan Human Proteome Organisation(Jhupo),Italian Proteomic Association(Itpa),Portugese Proteomic Association(Rede Procura),Iranian Proteomic Society,Taiwan Proteomic Society(Tps),Austrian Proteomics Society,European Proteomics Association,British Mass Spectrometry Society,Belgian Mass Spectrometry Society,Danish Mass Spectrometry Society, Polish Bioinformatics Society, Helmholtz Network for Bioinformatics, Hellenic Society for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Israeli Society for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Bioinformatics Italian Society, EMBL - European Bioinformatics Institute

Track: 2Mass Spectrometry in Proteome Research

Mass spectrometry(MS) - based proteomics allows the sensitive and accurate quantification of almost complete proteomes of complex biological fluids and tissues. At the moment, however, the routinely usage of MS-based proteomics is prevented and complicated by the very complex work flow comprising sample preparation,chromatography, MS measurement followed by data processing and evaluation. The new technologies, products and assays developed byPrecision Proteomicscould help enabling and establishing mass spectrometry (MS) - based proteomics in academic andpharmaceutical proteomicsresearch as well as in clinical diagnostics.

Track: 3Protein Expression and Analysis

Protein expressionrefers to the way in which proteins are synthesized, modified and regulated in living organisms. In protein research, the term can apply to either the object of study or the laboratory techniques required to manufacture proteins.Protein analysisis thebioinformaticsstudy of protein structure,protein interactionand function using database searches, sequence comparisons, structural and functional predictions.

Track: 4Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics, an amalgam science that associates biological data with techniques for information storage, distribution, and analysis to support compound areas of scientific research, comprising biomedicine. It is nurtured by high-throughput data-generating experiments, including genomic sequence. Progress of effective algorithms for measuring sequence likeness is an important objective of bioinformatics. Thus is used to predict interfaces between proteins, given individual structures of the partners known as docking problem. Nevertheless, the ends of bioinformatics are integrative and are aimed at presuming out how combinations of diverse types of data can be used to apprehend natural phenomena, including organisms and disease.

Track: 5 Computational Molecular Biology

Computational molecular biology brings together computational, statistical, experimental, and technological methods in order to further scientific discovery and develop new analytical tools for molecular biology.

Track: 6Biochemistry and Biophysics

Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. Biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Biophysics is a bridge between biology and physics. Biophysics studies life at every level, from atoms and molecules to cells, organisms, and environments.

Track: 7Glycobiology

Glycobiology is the study of the structure, function and biology of carbohydrates, also called glycans. Glycans are present in every living organism. Glycobiology is a rapidly growing field in biology, with relevance to biomedicine, biotechnology and basic research.

Track: 8 Genetics and Genomics

Genetics is the study of heredity, or how the characteristics of living organisms are transmitted from one generation to the next via DNA, the substance that comprises genes, the basic unit of heredity. Genetics involves the study of specific and limited numbers of genes, or parts of genes, that have a known function. In biomedical research, scientists try to understand how genes guide the bodys development, cause disease or affect response to drugs. Genomics, in contrast, is the study of the entirety of an organisms genes called the genome. Using high-performance computing and math techniques known as bioinformatics, genomics researchers analyze enormous amounts of DNA-sequence data to find variations that affect health, disease or drug response. In humans that means searching through about 3 billion units of DNA across 23,000 genes. Genomics is a much newer field than genetics and became possible only in the last couple of decades due to technical advances in DNA sequencing and computational biology.

Track: 9 Structural Biology

Structural biology is the study of the molecular structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules, particularly proteins and nucleic acids, and how alterations in their structures affect their function. Structural biology incorporates the principles of molecular biology, biochemistry and biophysics.

Track: 10Structural Bioinformatics

Structural bioinformatics is the branch of bioinformatics which is related to the analysis and prediction of the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules such as proteins, RNA, and DNA.

Track: 11Cardiac Proteomics

Cardiac proteomics is a scientific field spearheaded by the Lundby group. Cardiac proteomics allows for unbiased investigations of protein and signaling changes taking place in cardiac tissue. In the Lundby group cardiac proteomics is applied to gain molecular insights into regulatory processes in the heart.

Track: 12Advances in Proteomics and Bioinformatics

Proteomics & Bioinformatics deals with all aspects of translational proteomics, application of proteomic technology to all aspects of clinical research and molecular medicine and identification of proteins that are involved in pathological process which results in understanding the how a disease can lead to altered protein expression and it analysis the complete study of the proteins produced and expressed in the biological systems of an organism at a particular period of time..

Summary:

Proteomics attribute to the study of proteomes, but is also used to characterize the techniques used to determine the complete set of proteins of an organism or system, such as protein purification and MS. Proteomics is a developing field that has been deeply enabled by the human genome project. Proteins which are the products of genes, the machinery of the cells in our bodies. When genes are disturbed, the proteins are also damaged. When pathogens infect us, causing disease, proteins play a major role in signaling the presence & ridding us of these invaders. Almost every process which that occurs in our cells from the metabolization of clean sugar to the distribution of cells is dependent on proteins for smooth operation. In general, proteomics seeks to distinguish & quantify as many proteins as possible likewise Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that develops methods and software tools for understanding biological data. As an interdisciplinary field of science, bioinformatics combines biology, computer science, information engineering, mathematics and statistics to analyze and interpret biological data. Bioinformatics has been used for in silico analyses of biological queries using mathematical and statistical techniques.

Importance & Scope:

There are numerous advances in this proteomics innovation, especially in the field of sub-atomic science. New proteomics and genomics advancements and creations could be utilized for ailment particular biomarker revelation and to screen tolerant reaction to the treatment. Proteomics might likewise set up new, atomic order of the malady. Applying genomic and proteomic strategies to body liquids (serum, cerebrospinal liquid, pee, and so on.) and tissue concentrates would put profitable goal diagnostic force in the hands of the clinician however approval of those techniques is an imperative issue. The quick extension of the analytic apparatuses taking into account advancements in proteomic and genomic advances can be essential for the improvement of customized solution. As a science that studies interactions between the molecular components that carry out the various biological processes in living cells, an important idea in molecular biology states that information flow in organisms follows a one-way street: Genes are transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into proteins. Bioinformatics uses improvements in the area of computer science, information science, computer and information technology, communication technology to solve complex problems in life.

Why Zurich, Switzerland?

Europe is one such region which encompasses the major share of the Proteomics and Bioinformatics research. Zurich being one of the most advanced European economies is bound to hold the chief share in Europes Proteomics and molecular medicine market. Further as EU expands the research, export and trading relations are bound to enhance.

Major Proteomics and Bioinformatics Related Associations around the Globe:

Proteomics and Bioinformatics Market Projection:

The globalproteomics marketis expected to reach over USD 24.8 billion by 2024 according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. The introduction of technology-enabled proteomics products is one of the high-impact rendering drivers for the proteomics market growth. These products find extensive applications in drug discovery, diagnostic services, and many other research areas. The increasing market penetration of these technologies, such as ESI-LC-MS (electrospray ionization liquid chromatography mass spectrometry), is expected to serve as a driver of this market.

Proteomics Market By Product, USD Million, 2013 - 2024

The global bioinformatics market is projected to reach USD 13.50 billion in 2023 from USD 7.73 billion in 2018, at CAGR of 14.5%. Growing demand for nucleic acid and protein sequencing, initiatives from government and private organizations, growing applications of bioinformatics, and the increasing number of collaborations between companies and research institutes are the major factors driving the growth of the market.

Proteomics Congress 2018

Conference Series LLC Ltdtakes a great pride in announcing the 12th International Conference & Expo on Proteomics and Molecular Medicine(Proteomics Congress 2018) which was held in Dublin, Ireland, during 26-28 November, 2018.

Proteomics Congress 2018 witnessed an amalgamation of peerless speakers who enlightened the crowd with their knowledge and confabulated on various newfangled topics related to the field of proteomics and molecular medicine. The extremely illustrious conference hosted by Conference Series LLC Ltd was marked with the attendance of young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 30 countries around the world.

The conference aimed a parallel rail with theme Solving problems in Proteomics, Biology and Medicine. The meeting engrossed a vicinity of cognizant discussions on novel subjects like Mass spectrometry in Proteome Research, Protein Expression and Analysis, Proteomics from Discovery to Function, Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, to mention a few. The three days event implanted a firm relation of upcoming strategies in the field of Proteomics, Molecular Medicine, Bioinformatics and Mass Spectrometry Technology with the scientific community. The conceptual and applicable knowledge shared, will also foster organizational collaborations to nurture scientific accelerations.

The Organizing Committee would like to thank the moderator Dr. Magnus S. Magnusson from University of Iceland, Iceland for his contributions which resulted in smooth functioning of the conference.

The conference was embarked with an opening ceremony followed by a series of lectures delivered by both Honorable Guests and members of the Keynote forum. The highlights of the conference were the keynote forum by prominent scientists,Klaus Ammann,University of Bern, Switzerland;Magnus S. Magnusson,University of Iceland, Iceland;Graham Ball,CompanDX, UK;Henry M. Sobell,University of Rochester, USA;Frdric Fonlut, Biotechnology Consulting, Spain; gave their fruitful contributions in the form of highly informative presentations and made the conference a top notch one.

Conference Series LLC Ltdis prerogative to thank the Organizing Committee Members, Keynote speakers, Chair and Co-chairs on transcribing the plenary sessions and Symposium in a diversified and variegate manner to make this conference an enviable artifact.

Conference Series LLC Ltdwould sincerely extend our thanks to our chair persons Dr. Laszlo Takacs, Biosystems International Kft., Hungary and Dr. Graham Ball, CompanDX, UK who supported us by chairing the scientific sessions.

Conference Series LLC Ltdoffers its heartfelt appreciation to the collaborators European Biotechnology Network, Bilkent Genetik Toplulugu, Malaysian Biotechnology Information Center, Swiss Biotech Association & Human Behaviour Laboratory who supported the conference in every aspect for the awe-inspiring exhibition at the venue. We also express our sincere thanks to all the media partners for the promotion of our event to glory.

Conference Series LLC Ltdcongratulates the best poster award winnerMs. Inga Jamrozek,Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG MUG, Poland. We would also like to thank Dr. Klaus Ammann, University of Bern, Switzerland who supported us by evaluating the posters.

We once again thank all the participants for their wonderful contribution towards the event which helped us for successful accomplishment of this event.

Conference Series LLC Ltd 12th International Conference & Expo on Proteomics and Molecular Medicine would not have been successful if it has not been supported by international, multi-professional steering committee and coordination of theJournal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, Journal of Pharmacogenomics & Pharmacoproteomics & Journal of Data Mining in Genomics & Proteomics.

After the successful completion of eleven consecutive conferences we are overwhelmed to announce our next upcoming conferences which are going to be held in Europe is the 13th International Conference and Expo on Proteomics and Bioinformatics which is going to be held during July 11-12, 2019 in Zurich, Switzerland.

Conference Series llc LTDtakes a great pride in announcing the 9thInternational Conference & Expo on Proteomics and Molecular Medicine(Proteomics Congress 2017) which was held in Paris, France, during 13-15 November, 2017.

Proteomics Congress 2017 witnessed an amalgamation of peerless speakers who enlightened the crowd with their knowledge and confabulated on various newfangled topics related to the field of proteomics and molecular medicine. The extremely illustrious conference hosted byConference Series llc LTDwas marked with the attendance of young and brilliant researchers, business delegates and talented student communities representing more than 30 countries around the world.

The conference aimed a parallel rail with theme Novel Advancements in Proteomics and Molecular Medicine. The meeting engrossed a vicinity of cognizant discussions on novel subjects like Mass spectrometry in Proteome Research, Protein Expression and Analysis, Proteomics from Discovery to Function, Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, to mention a few. The three days event implanted a firm relation of upcoming strategies in the field of Proteomics, Molecular Medicine, Bioinformatics and Mass Spectrometry Technology with the scientific community. The conceptual and applicable knowledge shared, will also foster organizational collaborations to nurture scientific accelerations.

The Organizing Committee would like to thank the moderatorsDr. Oliva Petrafrom Sanofi Genzyme, USA,Dr. Marwa Eltoweissy, University of Gttingen, Germany for their contributions which resulted in smooth functioning of the conference.

The conference was embarked with an opening ceremony followed by a series of lectures delivered by both Honorable Guests and members of the Keynote forum. The highlights of the conference were the keynote forum by prominent scientists,Boris Zaslavsky,Cleveland Diagnostics, USA;Bin Huang,Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan;Judit Ovdi,Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary;Jarrod A Marto,Harvard Medical School, USA;Magnus S Magnusson, University of Iceland, Iceland; gave their fruitful contributions in the form of highly informative presentations and made the conference a top notch one.

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Molecular Medicine Conferences 2018 - Proteomics Conference

MSc Molecular Medicine | Study | Imperial College London

Posted on March 20, 2019 by Danzig

You take both research projects below.

You complete a mini research project to equip you with the skills and understanding required to complete the six-month research project. The mini research project is taken over two and a half weeks, either in pairs or groups of three, providing experience of a hands-on approach to experimental work.

In a set frame of scientific theme and of available samples, equipment and reagents, you first define your working hypothesis. You subsequently answer your framed scientific questions by researching and developing the most adapted protocols, performing all the experimental work, computing and critically analysing your own data.

The mini research project will be undertaken in dedicated teaching laboratories at the Hammersmith Campus.

You complete your six-month research project in the Faculty of Medicine at Hammersmith, St Mary's, Charing Cross or South Kensington campuses (subject to approval).

Each student will be assigned a research project and will be selectedon the basis that you can reasonably be expected to make an original contribution to the chosen area of research within the time period allotted.

You are provided with training in academic research and acquisition of practical skills, including the design of a research project, planning of experiments, dealing with practical problems, recording, presenting and analysing data. Time will be allocated towards the end of the project period to write a report of 10,000 words.

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MSc Molecular Medicine | Study | Imperial College London

Transhuman Space Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Welcome to the Transhuman Space WikiEdit

The Transhuman Space Wiki is an online reference for everything related to the GURPS Transhuman Space setting by Steve Jackson Games.

Transhuman Space (THS) is a hard science fiction setting that takes place in the year 2100. It's somewhere between 'cyberpunk' and 'space opera,' both in technology and mood. The world is neither pessimistic nor optimistic but realistic; science has both solved problems and made new ones.

The idea is to create content in the main page and only once a particular content will be rich enough it will be moved to its own page. That's way, we shall avoid minimalist pages.

Transhuman Space and GURPS are registered trademarks of Steve Jackson Games. All rights are reserved by Steve Jackson Games. Material used here is in accordance with the Steve Jackson Games online policy.

This Wiki is not official and is not endorsed by Steve Jackson Games. Steve Jackson Games is not responsible for the content posted by users of this Wiki. Content is not reviewed prior to posting, and nothing on these pages indicates any official sanction by Steve Jackson Games.

This wiki is not a replacement for official Transhuman Space or GURPS books and does not reproduce content from them. Rather than reproducing official content from the sourcebooks, please reference the material instead. Errata and/or book/page references are appreciated. Do not post the contents of the books themselves. No entry should diminish, even slightly, the necessity of anyone owning the book that is being referenced.

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Transhuman Space Wiki | FANDOM powered by Wikia

Overwatch Transhuman Arm | Xenic-HL2RP Wiki | FANDOM …

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

The Overwatch Transhuman Arm is a branch of the Combine Overwatch that is formed by the Combine to create Transhuman troops whose task is to ensure Combine rule on earth.

Overwatch Transhuman Arm Symbol.

They are no where near the lower skill set of some common Metropolitan Police Force units, and have high combat capabilities to ensure their power and brutality on the battlefield. They are specialized in most tasks that the Metropoltian Police Force is not, such as: Designated Marksman, Close Quarter Combat (CQC), and Ground Units. They are usually armed with the Combines most impressive weaponry, such as the AR2, MP7, Overwatch Sniper Rifle, and the Combine SPAS-12.

Overwatch Units are heavily augmented and have heavy kevlar, allowing them to safely engage in situations too dangerous/risky to be handled by Metropoltian Police Force. Overwatch Units are usually deployed in Resistance Raids, and sometimes sweeps.

They have multiple Divisions, as of now they are:

ECHO - The basic auxiliary supporting ground Unit.

SHADOW - Subtle reconnaissance Unit, used to aquire intel and assassinate high-value targets.

SYNTH - Synthetical supporting ground Unit.

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Overwatch Transhuman Arm | Xenic-HL2RP Wiki | FANDOM ...

List of Psoriasis Medications (220 Compared) – Drugs.com

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

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List of Psoriasis Medications (220 Compared) - Drugs.com

HEDONISM | definition in the Cambridge English Dictionary

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

These examples are from the Cambridge English Corpus and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.

Unless one requires that all preferences ultimately be about one's own-well-being, or adopts hedonism, there is no justification for bringing in good feelings.

The new paradox implies that hedonism is internally flawed.

It might seem obvious that hedonism cannot be a form of pluralism.

This idea of qualitative superiority gives rise to a non-standard 'pluralistic' version of hedonism.

At present, the suggestion amounts to little more than the assertion that hedonism is wrong.

If you accept general hedonism, you must either embrace the repugnant conclusion or alternatively deny utilitarianism.

Three general claims relating to the proper interpretation of hedonism can be drawn from my argument so far, assuming it is correct.

He in effect divides these objections into two classes: those that target consequentialism, and those that target hedonism.

Towards the end of the book, he includes a sub-section (242-3) which criticizes personal hedonism.

Further, general hedonism gives us not only a neutral level, but a non-vague one.

But his third argument against general hedonism depends on exactly this claim.

The second option is no better for hedonism.

Therefore, according to general hedonism, the level of the blank life is the neutral level.

Reflecting on this, he comes to see that his own life would indeed be better for him if he too abandoned hedonism for weightier goals.

However, he accepts certain objections to hedonism, and so ends up rejecting utilitarianism.

Hedonism Synonyms, Hedonism Antonyms | Thesaurus.com

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

And no hedonism, no theory of rights, could supply an operating rule for conduct.

Veblen has made it perfectly clear that particular matters of theory are affected by the presupposition of hedonism.

His own view is that the Austrians are not essentially bound up with hedonism.

The sonnets on the Days breathe the same quaint medieval hedonism.

Honora's amazement at her cousin's hedonism gave way to contempt for it.

It is of the utmost importance that this development of Cyrenaic hedonism should be fully realized.

Developing from this is a new point of practical importance to the hedonism of the Cyrenaics.

The theory of value which hedonism gives is, therefore, a theory of cost in terms of discomfort.

Hedonism, however, does not postulate uniformity between men except in the respect of sensuous cause and effect.

The later psychology is biological, as contrasted with the metaphysical psychology of hedonism.

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Hedonism Synonyms, Hedonism Antonyms | Thesaurus.com

Hedonism III and Runaway Bay in Jamaica

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

There was a time when singles,couples and even groups of like-minded adults could let go of their inhibitions and shed their swimsuits at the all-inclusiveHedonism III resort under the warm sun of Runaway Bay, Jamaica. Like its sister resortHedonism IIin Negril, this all-inclusive was one of those places couples either loved or hated.

Nude bathing waspermitted; children were not. The emphasis was on erotic travel and the environment encouraged unbridled sensuality both day and night. Whether it was the proximity of another Hedonism resort so close by, the general decline of the physical property, competition from theSandals Resortsof Jamaica (which are not clothing optional but offer private places to undress), or a return to propriety, Hedonism III closed in 2010 and the property has fallen into disuse.

One of the prettiest coastal townsin Jamaica, Runaway Bay isten miles east of Ocho Rios and easy to reach from there. Montego Bay lies to the west. And some of the best beaches in the Caribbean surround Runaway Bay, which is protected by a large tropical coral reef.

Part of Runaway Bay's attractionaside from the gorgeous scenery and pristine sandsis that it attracts fewer visitors than those other destinations. So your serene holiday alone together won't be overrun by hordes of tourists arriving on cruise ships. With them nowhere to be seen, aggressive vendors and ladies who offer to braid hair will ply their trades in bigger beach destinations where they disembark.

Runaway Bay won't dazzle you with things to do, but if all you want on a honeymoon or romantic getaway is a good hotel, perhaps a golf course, and clear turquoise water for swimming and aqua sports, it's worth considering for your next vacation destination.

Unless you join a tour, you will need to rent a car to visit these attractions. Remember thatdriving is on the left!

Where did that smiling, helpful hotel staff member learn to cook so well or anticipate your needs? Runaway Bay is also home to theHEART College of Hospitality Services, a schoolrun by the government to help young Jamaicans to develop tourismskills.

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Hedonism III and Runaway Bay in Jamaica

Hedonism II All Inclusive Resort, Negril, Jamaica – Booking.com

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

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Ethereum Project

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

SECURITY WARNINGS

You are responsible for your own computer security. If your machine is compromised you will lose your ether, access to any contracts and possibly more.

You are responsible for your own actions. If you mess something up or break any laws while using this software, it's your fault, and your fault only.

You are responsible for your own karma. Don't be a jerk and respect the rights of others. What goes around comes around.

The following Terms and Conditions (Terms) govern the use of the Ethereum open source software platform (Ethereum Platform). Prior to any use of the Ethereum Platform, the User confirms to understand and expressly agrees to all of the Terms. All capitalized terms in this agreement will be given the same effect and meaning as in the Terms. The group of developers and other personnel that is now, or will be, employed by, or contracted with, Stiftung Ethereum (Stiftung Ethereum) is termed the Ethereum Team. The Platform will be developed by persons and entities who support Ethereum, including both volunteers and developers who are paid by nonprofit entities interested in supporting the Ethereum Platform.

The user acknowledges the following serious risks to any use the Ethereum Platform and ETH and expressly agrees to neither hold Ethereum Stiftung nor the Ethereum Team liable should any of the following risks occur:

The Ethereum Platform and ETH could be impacted by one or more regulatory inquiries or regulatory actions, which could impede or limit the ability of Stiftung Ethereum to continue to develop the Ethereum Platform, or which could impede or limit the ability of a User to use Ethereum Platform or ETH.

It is possible that alternative Ethereum-based networks could be established, which utilize the same open source source code and open source protocol underlying the Ethereum Platform. The Ethereum network may compete with these alternative Ethereum-based networks, which could potentially negatively impact the Ethereum Platform and ETH.

It is possible that the Ethereum Platform will not be used by a large number of external businesses, individuals, and other organizations and that there will be limited public interest in the creation and development of distributed applications. Such a lack of interest could impact the development of the Ethereum Platform and potential uses of ETH. It cannot predict the success of its own development efforts or the efforts of other third parties.

The User recognizes that the Ethereum Platform is under development and may undergo significant changes before release. The User acknowledges that any expectations regarding the form and functionality of the Ethereum Platform held by the User may not be met upon release of the Ethereum Platform, for any number of reasons including a change in the design and implementation plans and execution of the implementation of the Ethereum Platform.

The Ethereum Platform rests on open-source software, and there is a risk that the Ethereum Stiftung or the Ethereum Team, or other third parties not directly affiliated with the Stiftung Ethereum, may introduce weaknesses or bugs into the core infrastructural elements of the Ethereum Platform causing the system to lose ETH stored in one or more User accounts or other accounts or lose sums of other valued tokens issued on the Ethereum Platform.

Cryptography is an art, not a science. And the state of the art can advance over time. Advances in code cracking, or technical advances such as the development of quantum computers, could present risks to cryptocurrencies and the Ethereum Platform, which could result in the theft or loss of ETH. To the extent possible, Stiftung Ethereum intends to update the protocol underlying the Ethereum Platform to account for any advances in cryptography and to incorporate additional security measures, but it cannot predict the future of cryptography or guarantee that any security updates will be made in a timely or successful manner.

As with other cryptocurrencies, the blockchain used for the Ethereum Platform is susceptible to mining attacks, including but not limited to:

Any successful attacks present a risk to the Ethereum Platform, expected proper execution and sequencing of ETH transactions, and expected proper execution and sequencing of contract computations. Despite the efforts of the Ethereum Stiftung and Team, known or novel mining attacks may be successful.

If the Ethereum Platform is rapidly adopted, the demand for ETH could rise dramatically and at a pace that exceeds the rate with which ETH miners can create new ETH tokens. Under such a scenario, the entire Ethereum Platform could become destabilized, due to the increased cost of running distributed applications. In turn, this could dampen interest in the Ethereum Platform and ETH. Instability in the demand of for ETH may lead to a negative change of the economical parameters of an Ethereum based business which could result in the business being unable to continue to operate economically or to cease operation.

If the Ethereum Platform is rapidly adopted, the demand for transaction processing and distributed application computations could rise dramatically and at a pace that exceeds the rate with which ETH miners can bring online additional mining power. Under such a scenario, the entire Ethereum Platform could become destabilized, due to the increased cost of running distributed applications. In turn, this could dampen interest in the Ethereum Platform and ETH. Insufficiency of computational resources and an associated rise in the price of ETH could result in businesses being unable to acquire scarce computational resources to run their distributed applications. This would represent revenue losses to businesses or worst case, cause businesses to cease operations because such operations have become uneconomical due to distortions in the crypto-economy.

Acknowledgment, Acceptance of all Risks and Disclaimer of Warranties and LiabilitiesTHE USER EXPRESSLY KNOWS AND AGREES THAT THE USER IS USING THE Ethereum PLATFORM AT THE USERS SOLE RISK. THE USER REPRESENTS THAT THE USER HAS AN ADEQUATE UNDERSTANDING OF THE RISKS, USAGES AND INTRICACIES OF CRYPTOGRAPHIC TOKENS AND BLOCKCHAIN-BASED OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE, ETH PLATFORM AND ETH. THE USER ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY ANY APPLICABLE LAW, THE DISCLAIMERS OF LIABILITY CONTAINED HEREIN APPLY TO ANY AND ALL DAMAGES OR INJURY WHATSOEVER CAUSED BY OR RELATED TO RISKS OF, USE OF, OR INABILITY TO USE, ETH OR THE Ethereum PLATFORM UNDER ANY CAUSE OF ACTION WHATSOEVER OF ANY KIND IN ANY JURISDICTION, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ACTIONS FOR BREACH OF WARRANTY, BREACH OF CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE) AND THAT NEITHER Stiftung Ethereum NOR ETHEREUM TEAM SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, GOODWILL OR DATA. SOME JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN WARRANTIES OR THE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION OF LIABILITY FOR CERTAIN TYPES OF DAMAGES. THEREFORE, SOME OF THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS IN THIS SECTION MAY NOT APPLY TO A USER. IN PARTICULAR, NOTHING IN THESE TERMS SHALL AFFECT THE STATUTORY RIGHTS OF ANY USER OR EXCLUDE INJURY ARISING FROM ANY WILLFUL MISCONDUCT OR FRAUD OF Stiftung Ethereum.

We recommend any groups handling large or important transactions to maintain a voluntary 24 hour waiting period on any ether deposited. In case the integrity of the network is at risk due to issues in the clients, we will endeavor to publish patches in a timely fashion to address the issues. We will endeavour to provide solutions within the voluntary 24 hour waiting period.

All disputes or claims arising out of, relating to, or in connection with the Terms, the breach thereof, or use of the Ethereum Platform shall be finally settled under the Rules of Arbitration of the International Chamber of Commerce by one or more arbitrators appointed in accordance with said Rules. All claims between the parties relating to these Terms that are capable of being resolved by arbitration, whether sounding in contract, tort, or otherwise, shall be submitted to ICC arbitration. Prior to commencing arbitration, the parties have a duty to negotiate in good faith and attempt to resolve their dispute in a manner other than by submission to ICC arbitration. The arbitration panel shall consist of one arbitrator only, unless the ICC Court of Arbitration determines that the dispute is such as to warrant three arbitrators. If the Court determines that one arbitrator is sufficient, then such arbitrator shall be Swiss resident. If the Court determines that three arbitrators are necessary, then each party shall have 30 days to nominate an arbitrator of its choice -- in the case of the Claimant, measured from receipt of notification of the ICC Courts decision to have three arbitrators; in the case of Respondent, measured from receipt of notification of Claimants nomination. All nominations must be Swiss resident. If a party fails to nominate an arbitrator, the Court will do so. The Court shall also appoint the chairman. All arbitrators shall be and remain independent of the parties involved in the arbitration. The place of arbitration shall be Zug, Switzerland. The language of the arbitration shall be English. In deciding the merits of the dispute, the tribunal shall apply the laws of Switzerland and any discovery shall be limited and shall not involve any depositions or any other examinations outside of a formal hearing. The tribunal shall not assume the powers of amiable compositeur or decide the case ex aequo et bono. In the final award, the tribunal shall fix the costs of the arbitration and decide which of the parties shall bear such costs in what proportion. Every award shall be binding on the parties. The parties undertake to carry out the award without delay and waive their right to any form of recourse against the award in so far as such waiver can validly be made.

Stiftung Ethereum is finally not liable for:

Ethereum vs Bitcoin: The Battle for the Crypto Throne – Coindoo

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Ever since the world of cryptocurrency has been established, Bitcoin has been (and still is, for the time being) the leader of the e-coin market. But Ethereum is another cryptocurrency project that has amassed a considerable amount of interest due to its unique qualities.

Ethereum is a blockchain-based platform that uses peer-to-peer contracts for its currency, called Ether. The blockchain stored applications used in Ethereums smart contracts offer a decentralized way of verifying and enforcing said contracts, making it very hard for any potential fraud and censorship to occur.

These smart contracts applications run on Ether, which quickly became the worlds second most valuable digital coins. Much like Bitcoin and its Bitcoin Wallet, ether is kept in the Ethereum Wallet.

Its important to understand that Ether differs from Bitcoin, thus they have different uses and overall a different impact on the market.

A first difference between the two blockchain-based projects would be their average block time (which is the time necessary for a new token to be issued). This is 10 minutes for Bitcoin, while Ethereums block time ranges from 10 to 20 seconds with an average of 12 seconds. This time gap is due to Ethereums GHOST protocol.

The monetary supply concerning the two cryptocurrencies is also different. Bitcoins supply style is of deflationary nature (a finite number of Bitcoins exist/will be made), while Ethereums is the opposite, meaning more ether tokens will be made over time. The current number of mined Bitcoins is 16 million (most of them belonging to early miners). There is no supply cap for ether, which is why its monetary supply is considered of inflationary nature.

In Ethereum, the costing of transactions is dependent on storage needs, the use of bandwidth and the smart contracts complexity. These transactions in the Bitcoin network are limited only by the blocks size.

Mining for ether is easier, with 5 tokens given for each block, in contrast to Bitcoins half a token at 210.000 blocks (that means 12.5 tokens at every 4 years). Ethereum uses a proof-of-work memory hard hashing algorithm called Ethash, attracting users looking for a decentralized way of mining, rather than using ASICs to mine, as is the case with Bitcoins.

The usage of Bitcoins can range from purchasing goods and services, to storing value (much like precious metals). Ethereum can be used for making decentralized applications on its blockchain that represent virtual shares, assets, proof membership etc.

Although they are both considered cryptocurrencies and its normal to want to compare how the technologies differ from one another, one must keep in mind with what purpose each project was created. Bitcoin was made to be a new currency to compete against existing money, aiming to be a globally stable digital currency, while Ethereum makes use of its smart contracts to make digital agreements and transactions.

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Ethereum vs Bitcoin: The Battle for the Crypto Throne - Coindoo

Ethereum Price Analysis: ETH Could Make a Sustained Move …

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Ethereum price spiked a few times higher against the US Dollar and bitcoin. ETH formed a solid support near $130 and it may climb higher above the $134 and $135 resistance levels.

Yesterday, we saw a few swing moves near the $130 level in ETH price against the US Dollar. The ETH/USD pair spiked sharply below the $130 and $129 levels and later recovered above the $130 level. Later, there were consolidation moves before the price climbed above the $131 and $132 resistance levels. More importantly, there was a close above the $132 resistance and the 100 hourly simple moving average.

During the upside, this weeks important bearish trend line was breached with resistance at $131 on the hourly chart of ETH/USD. The pair broke the 50% Fib retracement level of the last slide $135 swing high to $129 swing low. It opened the doors for more gains above the $132 level. There was also a spike above the $133 level, but upsides were capped by the key $134 resistance. The price also faced sellers near the 76.4% Fib retracement level of the last slide $135 swing high to $129 swing low. It is currently consolidating above the $132 support and the 100 hourly SMA.

On the upside, the price needs to clear the $134 resistance to continue higher. The next main resistance is near the last swing high at $135. Once the price clears both hurdles, it is likely to test the $140 resistance. On the other hand, if there is a downside correction, the $132 level might provide support. Any further losses might push it back towards the $130 support.

Looking at the chart, ETH price clearly made a few nasty moves, but it managed to settle above $132, which is a positive sign. As long as it stays above the $132 support and the 100 hourly SMA, it remains supported for more upsides towards the $135, $137 and $140 levels.

Hourly MACD The MACD for ETH/USD is gaining pace in the bullish zone.

Hourly RSI The RSI for ETH/USD climbed well above the 60 level and it is currently correcting lower towards 55.

Major Support Level $132

Major Resistance Level $135

The rest is here:

Ethereum Price Analysis: ETH Could Make a Sustained Move ...

Ethereum – reddit

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

This is going to be a post about cryptoeconomics. I hope the moderators will allow this to be posted to r/ethereum because cryptoeconomics is at the core of the success or failure of any decentralized crypto project, including Ethereum. I will discuss price but only in reference to the cryptoeconomic factors contributing to the success of Ethereum.

The motivation for writing this post came about because I have been hearing and reading a lot of people involved with Ethereum who seem to feel that price isn't important or needed for Ethereum to succeed. I even heard this sentiment stated by one of the main speakers at ETHDenver last month! I aim to show in this post that this viewpoint is very much incorrect, and that a high and increasing price of Ether over time is a critical component to achieving success for the Ethereum platform.

First of all, the very fact that ETHDenver exists is a function of the fact that there are thousands of people being paid to write code targeting Ethereum (wallets, clients, exchanges, smart contracts, vertically-integrated Dapps etc.) In some cases, the funding for those salaries comes directly from the millions of dollars investors made in the last price cycle, while in others it comes from VC and other investors building on Ethereum who are looking forward to future large-scale growth in Ethereum, mostly driven by growth of the value of Ether and other tokens running on Ethereum. This is the virtuous cryptonomic cycle, an increasing ether price brings more projects and developers which leads to more network effects and value to the entire ecosystem.

Secondly, Ethereum needs to do very well in the crypto marketplace to continue to attract future talent, investment, and network effects. If Ethereum slips to the #10 crypto asset, it will have far fewer people choosing to build on Ethereum, those projects and developers instead looking to build on platforms with better future prospects for becoming the global financial backbone for decentralized applications.

Finally, a high price of Ether provides security for the Ethereum chain. It funds mining hardware and electricity in the PoW phase of Ethereum. And directly secures the chain in the proof-of-stake phase. Ethereum has the potential one day of securing a significant fraction of all digital financial assets on a single platform of sharded ledgers and smart contracts. If those assets are worth trillions of dollars, then Ethereum needs to be worth enough so that it is not viable to attack those assets by attacking the underlying Ethereum cryptoeconomic system.

To summarize, when some people in the Ethereum community denigrate Ether investors, say that Ethereum can work fine with the price of Ether at $10, and that a strong and growing price of Ether isn't important, they are way off base! The price of Ether is critical to the success of Ethereum.

This virtuous cycle also explains why the value of the Ether token is important to the entire Ethereum community, and why some people react quite negatively to attempts to siphon value from ETH and accrue it to competitors instead. Those attempts, if successful, will damage the future success of the entire community.

Original post:

Ethereum - reddit

Ethereum – Investopedia

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

DEFINITION of Ethereum

Launched in 2015, Ethereum is a decentralized software platform that enables SmartContracts and Distributed Applications (Apps) to be built and run without any downtime, fraud, control or interference from a third party. The platform is also the basis for its own virtual currency, Ether. Ethereum is not just a platform but also a programming language (Turing complete) running on a blockchain, helping developers to build and publish distributed applications. The potential applications of Ethereum are wide ranging.

The applications on Ethereum are run on its platform-specific cryptographic token, ether. During 2014, Ethereum had launched a pre-sale for ether which had received an overwhelming response. Ether is like a vehicle for moving around on the Ethereum platform, and is sought by mostly developers looking to develop and run applications inside Ethereum. Ether is used broadly for two purposes, it is traded as a digital currency exchange like other cryptocurrencies and is used inside Ethereum to run applications and even to monetize work. The current market cap of ether (ETH) is now more than Ripple and Litecoin although its far behind bitcoin (BTC).

According to Ethereum, it can be used to codify, decentralize, secure and trade just about anything. One of the big projects around Ethereum is Microsofts partnership with ConsenSys which offers Ethereum Blockchain as a Service (EBaaS) on Microsoft Azure so Enterprise clients and developers can have a single click cloud based blockchain developer environment.

In 2016 Ethereum was split into two separate blockchains - Ethereum, and Ethereum Classic, after a malicious actor stole more than $50 million worth of funds which had been raised on The DAO, a set of smart contracts originating from Ethereum's software platform. The new Ethereum was a hard fork from the original software intended to protect against further malware attacks. As of July 2018 Ethereum was the second-largest virtual currency on the market, behind only Bitcoin. It is much faster to acquire ether currency than bitcoin (about 14 or 15 seconds to bitcoin's near-uniform 10 minutes) and there are far more ether units in circulation than there are bitcoin.

Excerpt from:

Ethereum - Investopedia

Ethereum Technical Analysis – FXStreet

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

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Opinions expressed at FXStreet are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinion of FXStreet or its management. FXStreet has not verified the accuracy or basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author: errors and Omissions may occur.Any opinions, news, research, analyses, prices or other information contained on this website, by FXStreet, its employees, partners or contributors, is provided as general market commentary and does not constitute investment advice. FXStreet will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation to, any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from use of or reliance on such information.

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Ethereum Technical Analysis - FXStreet

Buy and Sell ETH With The Peer-to-Peer Ethereum Marketplace …

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Buy and Sell ETH With The Peer-to-Peer Ethereum Marketplace LocalEthereum

You need to enable Javascript in your web browser settings to access localethereum.com's marketplace.

LocalEthereum is how people exchange ETH peer-to-peer

Money in your account within minutes.* Use any payment method in 130+ countries.

A trading interface built for all audiences. No KYC requiredbegin trading in 30 seconds!

The only marketplace thats self-custodial and end-to-end encrypted.

Choose from more than 30 payment methods.

* Most trades complete in a few minutes, however this largely depends on the chosen payment method.

LocalEthereum is the fast and secure way to make Ethereum trades.

Thanks to LE, I can earn money securely and save myself from hyperinflation.

Consider the offers. Anyone in the world can post a bid to buy or sell ETH. Offers can be filtered by payment method, currency, location and popularity.

From bank transfers to gift cardsevery payment method is allowed.

Find an offer youre happy with and open a trade with the user. Choose the amount you want to buy or sell, and lock the rate in.

After the seller puts the ETH in an escrow account, the buyer pays the seller outside the platform. Payment details are discussed using encrypted messages.

Once the seller confirms payment, the ETH is released from escrow to the buyer.

The escrow account is a decentralized Ethereum smart contract. Rather than trusting a centralized authority to hold your ETH, LocalEthereum's escrow system is trust-free.

Every conversation is protected by a unique secret key which self-destructs after completion. We can only decrypt your messages if the key is volunteered; e.g. during a payment dispute.

Optionally, you can log in without a password by using a compatible Ethereum wallet. Most popular wallets including imToken, MetaMask and Ledger are compatible.

Tested with these Ethereum wallets.

Stay up to date with the latest crypto-news and connect with other traders and staff in our official Telegram groups.

LocalEthereum

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Buy and Sell ETH With The Peer-to-Peer Ethereum Marketplace ...

Gene Therapy in Muscular Dystrophy – Muscular Dystrophy News

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Gene therapy, the use of genetic material to treat a disease or disorder, is making strides in muscular dystrophy. Although the approach is still considered experimental, studies in animal models have shown promising results and clinical trials in humans are underway.

Gene therapy has the potential to help people with inherited disorders, in which a gene mutation causes cells to produce a defective protein or no protein at all, leading to disease symptoms.

To deliver the genetic material to the cells, scientists use a tool called a vector. This is typically a virus that has been modified so that it doesnt cause disease. It is hoped that the vector will carry the therapeutic gene into the cells nucleus, where it will provide the instructions necessary to make the desired protein.

The most common form of muscular dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, is caused by a mutation in the DMD gene, which codes for a protein called dystrophin. Dystrophin is part of a protein complex that strengthens and protects muscle fibers. When the cells dont have functional dystrophin due to the gene mutation, muscles progressively weaken. Scientists think that supplying a gene that codes for a functional form of dystrophin might be an effective treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Using gene therapy to deliver a correct form of the dystrophin gene has been challenging because of the size of the DMD gene, which is the largest gene in the human genome so it does not fit into commonly used vectors.

Scientists are having more success with a shortened version of the DMD gene that produces a protein called micro-dystrophin. Even though its a smaller version of dystrophin, micro-dystrophin includes key elements of the protein and is functional.

Administering a gene for micro-dystrophin to golden retriever dogs that naturally develop muscular dystrophy showed promising results in a study published in July 2017. Muscular dystrophy symptoms were reduced for more than two years following the treatment and the dogs muscle strength improved. The gene was delivered using a recombinant adeno-associated virus, or rAAV, as the vector.

A similar therapy is now being tested in people in a Phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT03375164)at Nationwide Childrens Hospital in Columbus, Ohio. A single dose of the gene therapytreatment containing the gene encoding for micro-dystrophinwill be infused into the blood system of 12 patients in two age groups: 3 months to 3 years, and 4 to 7 years. The first patient in the trial, which is recruiting participants, already has received the treatment, according to a January 2018 press release.

The biopharmaceutical company Sarepta Therapeutics is contributing funding and other support to the project.

Sarepta is developing another potential gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy where rather than targeting the DMD gene that codes for dystrophin, the therapy will be used to try to increase the expression of a gene called GALGT2. The overproduction of this gene is thought to produce changes in muscle cell proteins that strengthen them and protect them from damage, even in the absence of functional dystrophin.

A Phase 1/2a clinical trial (NCT03333590) was launched in November 2017 at Nationwide Childrens Hospital for the therapy, called rAAVrh74.MCK.GALGT2.

***

Muscular Dystrophy Newsis strictly a news and information website about the disease. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. This content is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition. Never disregard professional medical advice or delay in seeking it because of something you have read on this website.

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Gene Therapy in Muscular Dystrophy - Muscular Dystrophy News

Gene Therapy Basics | Education | ASGCT American Society …

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Gene therapy has been studied for more than 40 years and can help stop or slow the effects of disease on the most basic level of the human bodyour genes. And to understand how it works, well start at the basics.

Genes are made up of DNA, which are blueprints to build enzymes and proteins that make our body work. As far as we know, humans have between 20,000 and 25,000 genes. We typically get two copies of each gene from our parents. They influence everything from the color of our hair to our immune system, but genes arent always built correctly. A small adjustment to them can change how our proteins work, which then alter the way we breathe, walk or even digest food. Genes can change as they go through inherited mutations, as they age, or by being altered or damaged by chemicals and radiation.

In the case that a gene changesalso known as mutatingin a way that causes disease, gene therapy may be able to help. Gene therapy is the introduction, removal or change in genetic materialspecifically DNA or RNAinto the cells of a patient to treat a specific disease. The transferred genetic material changes how a proteinor group of proteinsis produced by the cell.

This new genetic material or working gene is delivered into the cell by using a vector. Typically, viruses are used as vectors because they have evolved to be very good at sneaking into and infecting cells. But in this case, their motive is to insert the new genes into the cell. Some types of viruses being used are typically not known to cause disease and other times the viral genes known to cause disease are removed. Regardless of the type, all viral vectors are tested many times for safety prior to being used. The vector can either be delivered outside the body (ex-vivo treatment) or the vectors can be injected into the body (in-vivo treatment).

Other types of drugs are typically used to manage disease or infection symptoms to relieve pain, while gene therapy targets the cause of the disease. It is not provided in the form of a pill, inhalation or surgery, it is provided through an injection or IV.

What Counts as a Rare Disease?

Gene therapy treats diseases in patients that are rare and often life threatening. Rare is defined as any disease or disorder affecting fewer than 200,000 people in the U.S. by the National Institutes of Health. As of now, there are around 7,000 rare diseases, affecting a total of approximately one in ten people. Many of these rare diseases are caused by a simple genetic mutation inherited from one or both parents.

Show Answer

Which Diseases Have Gene Therapies?

Of gene therapies up for approval over the next five years, 45 percent are anticipated to focus on cancer treatments and 38 percent are expected to treat rare inherited genetic disorders. Gene therapy can help add to or change non-functioning genescreating a great opportunity to assist with rare inherited disorders, which are passed along from parents. The mutation might be present on one or both chromosomes passed along to the children. The majority of gene therapies are currently being studied in clinical trials.

Some of these inherited diseases include (but are not limited to):

Show Answer

Why Do We Use Viral Vectors?

As you know from cold and flu season, viruses are quite skilled in the art of invading our bodiesadding their genetic material into our cells. However, researchers have learned to harness this sneaky ability to our advantage. Viruses are often used as a vehicle to deliver good genes into our cells, as opposed to the ones that cause disease.

Viruses are sometimes modified into vectors as researchers remove disease-causing material and add the correct genetic material. In gene therapy, researchers often use adeno-associated viruses (AAV) as vectors. AAV is a small virus that isnt typically known to cause disease in the first place, significantly reducing a chance of a negative reaction.

Show Answer

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Gene Therapy Basics | Education | ASGCT American Society ...

Human Surgeons Are “Barely Trained” on Operating Room Robots

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

“Barely Trained”

In a new paper, social scientist Matthew Beane found a troubling trend: doctors were “barely trained” in how to operate robots in the operating room, Axios reports. The use of surgeon robots in hospitals has become a growing trend — but not without growing pains.

Beane, a professor from the University of California in Santa Barbara, examined the knowledge of those who were officially licensed to use robots like the Da Vinci —a high-tech robotic system that allows surgeons to perform operations through tiny incisions.

“Premature Specialization”

But since fewer surgeons are needed to operate the robots, fewer students get to have a shot at using it. “So the resident gets 10 to 20 times less practice,” said Beane, as quoted by Axios.

“I found that learning surgery through increasing participation using approved methods worked well in traditional (open) surgery, as current literature would predict,” Beane’s wrote in the paper. “But the radically different practice of robotic surgery greatly limited trainees’ role in the work, making approved methods ineffective.”

The Future of Medicine?

The trend of introducing robots for the sake of smaller incisions and faster recovery has been gaining a lot of momentum in recent years. Some hail is at the future of medicine, while others are more wary of having their tasks taken over by a robotic arm.

“The robotic arm becomes the master,” Anthony Adili, surgeon at St. Joseph’s Helathcare hospital in the Canadian province of Ontario, told the CBC. He was trained to operate an orthopedic surgical robot called MAKO. “I am just pushing the arm and it will only cut […] where it needs to go to match what I created on my 3D model.”

But to ensure that all license holders actually know what they’re doing in the operating room, they need to have ample training — “licensed” simply does not mean “practiced.’ And the best way to do just that is to ensure that everybody has an opportunity to spend supervised time with the technology.

READ MORE: Growing pains of tinkering with robots, disrupting society [Axios]

More on robot surgeons: Experts Want to Give Robot Surgeons a Sense of Touch

The post Human Surgeons Are “Barely Trained” on Operating Room Robots appeared first on Futurism.

The FCC Clears Experimental Frequencies to Pave Way for 6G

Posted on March 18, 2019 by Danzig

Terahertz Wireless

On Friday, the Federal Communications Commission has unanimously voted to clear “terahertz wave” (95 gigahertz to 3 terahertz) frequencies for engineers to start experimenting for uses for the next generation of wireless technology — possibly 6G. But how to take advantage of such high frequencies or what benefits they will bring to consumers in the future is still not entirely clear.

“Today, we take big steps towards making productive use of this spectrum,” said FCC Chairman Ajit Pai in a statement.

While FCC’s press release makes no mention of “6G” specifically, the frequencies could pave the way for the successor of 5G wireless technology (up to 86 GHz) that has yet to achieve mainstream use.

Device makers have been sprinting ahead to enable 5G connectivity in their offerings, promising blazing fast speeds and a whole new generation of “internet-of-things” devices. Cities like Chicago and Minneapolis will launch their own 5G service networks as soon as next month thanks to Verizon.

“5G and even 6G”

The news also comes after President Donald Trump tweeted last month that he wants “5G and even 6G” cell service in the U.S. “as soon as possible” — even though we don’t even have 5G service yet.

“Today, we take big steps towards making productive use of this spectrum,” Pai said in the statement. “This will give innovators strong incentives to develop new technologies using these airwaves while also protecting existing uses.”

Obstacles

But transmitting data over millimeter waves in the case of 5G and even shorter waves in 6G is extremely challenging. As wavelengths get shorter and shorter, connections become less reliable and far less capable of penetrating walls and other obstacles.

And not everybody is completely sold on the idea yet. “There is great uncertainty about what technologies will be introduced, what spectrum would be ideal, or what size channel blocks are needed,” said FCC Commissioner Michael O’Rielly in a statement. ” Therefore, I can support waiting to see what develops. Better that than being forced to undo a mess later.”

READ MORE: FCC opens up experimental spectrum licenses for 6G [CNET]

More on 5G wireless: NASA Is About to Test a Giant Solar Drone That Broadcasts 5G

The post The FCC Clears Experimental Frequencies to Pave Way for 6G appeared first on Futurism.

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The FCC Clears Experimental Frequencies to Pave Way for 6G

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