Report: ‘Automation risk is concentrated among low-wage, low-skilled workers’ – American Enterprise Institute

In my new The Weekcolumn, I briefly examine whether my fellow American humans are experiencing a technopanic right now, and if Silicon Valley is making things worse. (Spoiler: yes and yes!) Indeed, one look at recent headlines about automation and by recent I mean this week is enough to at least slightly unnerve any worker whos not a recreational therapist or emergency management director.

Those jobs, by the way, are the top two least automatable occupations, according to a new Ball State University analysisof existing literature on the subject.

Anyway, Bloomberg gives us Machines Poised to Take Over 30% of Work at Banks, McKinsey Says, while CNBC offers Half of American jobs are at risk from automation, new study suggests.That study CNBC refers to is the Ball State report, mentioned above. It also looks at the risk jobs being offshored, calculating that figure at 25%. Here is the summary:

These studies reveal that roughly one in four American jobs, across the income and educational spectrum, are at risk of foreign competition in the coming years. Much more critically, approximately half of the jobs are at risk for automation. Thus, considerable additional labor market turbulence is likely in the coming generation.

More worrisome, perhaps, is that there is a considerable concentration of job loss risks across labor markets, educational attainment and earnings. This accrues across industries and is more pronounced across urban regions, where agglomeration economies have concentrated all net new employment in the US for a generation.

Indeed, much of the political rhetoric surrounding these job loss risks misses the major policy worries. Job loss risk to offshoring is spread across income and education, while automation risk is concentrated among low-wage, low-skilled workers. Both types of job loss risk are concentrated within labor markets (which we define as a county and all adjacent counties), and urban places tend to offer more resilience due to existing forces of agglomeration. . . .

The evidence outlined above suggests a much higher share of jobs are susceptible to automation and offshorability in the future than in the recent past.

So the people who should be most worried right now about robots taking their jobs are with lesser skills who live outside cities, a point I also made in The Week. The study also suggests some overlap between communities suffering both offshoring and automation risk.

(Note that the McKinsey banking study refers to work tasks rather than jobs. The positive spin: In many higher-skill jobs, automating specific tasks will enable staff to focus on higher-value work, such as research, generating new ideas or tending to clients, as Bloomberg describes the McKinseys take.)

I think the proper response here is public policy creativity, not a) neo-Luddism or b) the acceptance of a post-work era that you see among many basic income advocates. And, yes, this is a big challenge! But it is to be hoped that Automation Will Lead To Collaboration Between Man And Machine, as it has in the past.

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Report: 'Automation risk is concentrated among low-wage, low-skilled workers' - American Enterprise Institute

New Report Claims Majority of US Workers Not Afraid of Automation … – ENGINEERING.com

Popular media has painted a picture of the publics fear of automation taking away jobsespecially in the manufacturing industry. However, Randstad US has released a report today indicating the opposite.

The 2017 Randstad Employer Brand Research found only 14 percent of US employees worry that automation will take their jobs away and that 30 percent believe automation will make their jobs better. The report contains input from over 5,300 individuals, aged 18-65 and across various industries, through online interviews.

The report indicated that 51 percent of respondents would be willing to retrain if paid the same or higher salary.

It is evident from our research that not only are workers not afraid of losing their jobs to automation, they are more than willing to retrain to leverage efficiencies and benefits of artificial intelligence and robotics in the workplace, said Linda Galipeau, CEO of Randstad North America.

She added, It has become necessary for todays employees and job seekers to continually cultivate, develop and update their skills to work successfully alongside AI and automation. In conjunction with retraining and upskilling efforts, workers should focus on growing unique human skills that AI and robots are unable to replicate, such as strategic and abstract thinking, complex communications, creativity and leadership competencies.

Randstads latest Talent Trends survey finds that only 6 percent of US C-suite and human capital leader respondents believe increasing automation will have a significant impact on workforce planning and shifting the talent needed.

AI and robotics will have a positive impact on the workplace within the next 5 years, according to 84 percent of U.S. respondents, while 48 percent believe automation and machine learning has already had a positive impact within the past 12 months. Forty-five percent say the same for robotics.

Nearly a third (31 percent) of employers said they have increased usage of automation/robotics in their business in the past 12 months.

The inescapable reality is automation and AI are here to stay and will continue to grow substantially, said Galipeau. As business leaders invest in digitization, automation, AI and other emerging technologies in the workplace, they must continue to evolve their workforce alongside these advancements The need for skilled humans to operate, utilize and advance technologies is equally unmistakable.

Its important to note however, that analysts from institutions including Oxford University, the World Economic Forum and others have painted a glum future in comprehensive pieces like those by Business Insiders Oscar Williams-Grut last year.

I find it impossible to disagree that some jobs are undeniably going to be lost, despite a relaxed or optimistic perspective on automation in the workforce. Although, these lost jobs will be menial, repetitive and dangerous ones, as we illustrate in a series of articles on industrial robots:

A History of Collaborative Robots: From Intelligent Lift Assists to Cobots

Randstads research, conducted since 2000, was done by Randstads International research partner, Kantar TNS. Respondents for the 2017 research were polled from Nov. 25 to Dec. 15, 2016.

For more information, visit the Randstad website or read on about their recommended four ways to update soft skills in an automated workplace.

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New Report Claims Majority of US Workers Not Afraid of Automation ... - ENGINEERING.com

AFRL researchers explore automation, additive technologies for cost … – Phys.Org

July 19, 2017 Dr. Santanu Bag, a project scientist at the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, is exploring cost-efficient manufacturing of solar cells using additive technology. Credit: Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Inspired by newspaper printing, and taking cues from additive manufacturing technology, researchers at the Air Force Research Laboratory are exploring new ways to make solar cells more cost efficientincreasing application potential in the process.

"Sun is abundant, and it's free," said Dr. Santanu Bag, a project scientist at the Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, AFRL. "Solar cells can generate electricity in an environmentally friendly way, but current, complex fabrication costs make the technology expensive. We're looking at new ways to use materials and manufacturing technologies to make these less expensively."

Though research into solar cells began in the 1950s, the technology for making them is complex and labor intensive. At a basic level, to fabricate solar cells, engineers rely on extremely pure, single-crystalline silicon. The pure silicon is extracted from an original material such as quartz or sand and is transformed into thin wafers. The silicon wafers are chemically treated to form an electric field, with a positive and negative polarity. These silicon semiconductors, or solar cells, are encapsulated in a support to form a photovoltaic module, where they are then able to collect and transform sunlight into an electric current.

This multistep, labor intensive process is time-consuming and uses highly sophisticated equipment, requiring a number of technicians and engineers to create the end product. Quality control is key, as a discrepancy during any stage of the manufacturing process could have an effect on the performance of the cells.

This high cost of manufacturing has prohibited widespread use of solar power, despite its cost saving potential.

"If you want to make solar competitive, you need to make solar cells more efficient and cost effective," said Bag.

Inspired by the concept of newsprint where rolls of paper are printed with ink to create newspapers, Bag and his team looked for alternatives to inorganic, hard silicon in search of a material able to transform solar into energyand be printed in the process.

"Silicon cells use purely inorganic materials, which by nature are very hard," said Bag. "We needed a material that was easy to print and at the same time able to capture sunlight. We determined an inorganic-organic hybrid material would be easy to print and could still harvest solar energy."

Bag's material of choice, thin-film perovskites, have an excellent light absorbing capability and power conversion efficiencies that have improved tremendously compared to the more than 30 years it took for silicon solar cells to improve to today's levels. Only recently has this material been explored for its solar power ability, with Bag among the researchers expanding the field.

"The material has been around since the 1990s and was used to make test-level, light-emitting diodes. Researchers knew it had solar ability, but this was not the focus at the time," said Bag.

In Bag's study, perovskite precursor material was atomized using ultrasonic waves to form extremely fine, aerosol droplets able to be transferred into the print nozzle of an aerosol-jet spray printer. Using computer-aided design tool paths, a surface was then coated with the material using the direct-write printer, forming a solar cell with a 15.4 percent efficiency on a flat surface.

Bag and his team also demonstrated the ability to print these solar cells on a 3-D surface with a 5.4 percent efficiencymarking the first time this has been shown in the field of printed photovoltaics.

"We have not optimized conditions for 3-D printing of these yet, but we know it can be done. Once you know how to print it, it has huge potential for other applications," said Bag.

For the Air Force, the applications for this material and the new printing process are enormous. The method can be used to print flexible solar cells on clothing, to create self-powered robotics and light-emitting devices and even to make flexible, self-powered sensors, to name a few.

Bag, along with fellow researchers Dr. Michael Durstock, Soft Matter Materials Branch Chief at the AFRL Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, and James Deneault, a research engineer at Universal Technology Corporation, have filed a patent application for the technology. Though this research is still in its early stages, the impact of the new manufacturing processes has great potential for the future.

"Understanding ways to make and print this material more efficiently at the most basic level can lead to future cost savings," Bag concluded.

Explore further: Semi-transparent perovskite solar cells for solar windows

More information: Santanu Bag et al. Aerosol-Jet-Assisted Thin-Film Growth of CH3 NH3 PbI3 Perovskites-A Means to Achieve High Quality, Defect-Free Films for Efficient Solar Cells, Advanced Energy Materials (2017). DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201701151

Journal reference: Advanced Energy Materials

Provided by: Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Scientists are exploring ways to develop transparent or semi-transparent solar cells as a substitute for glass walls in modern buildings with the aim of harnessing solar energy. But this has proven challenging, because transparency ...

Researchers at The Australian National University (ANU) have achieved a new record efficiency for low-cost semi-transparent perovskite solar cells in a breakthrough that could bring down the cost of generating solar electricity.

An organic-inorganic hybrid material may be the future for more efficient technologies that can generate electricity from either light or heat or devices that emit light from electricity.

A recent study, affiliated with UNIST has presented a new cost-efficient way to produce inorganic-organic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) which sets a new world-record efficiency performance, in particular photostability. ...

Five years ago, the world started to talk about third-generation solar cells that challenged the traditional silicon cells with a cheaper and simpler manufacturing process that used less energy.

Researchers at ANU have found a new way to fabricate high efficiency semi-transparent perovskite solar cells in a breakthrough that could lead to more efficient and cheaper solar electricity.

Microsoft's cloud computing platform will be used outside China for collaboration by members of a self-driving car alliance formed by Chinese internet search giant Baidu, the companies announced on Tuesday.

Laboratory equipment is one of the largest cost factors in neuroscience. However, many experiments can be performed with good results using self-assembled setups involving 3-D printed components and self-programmed electronics. ...

Access to clean, safe water is one of the world's pressing needs, yet today's water distribution systems lose an average of 20 percent of their supply because of leaks. These leaks not only make shortages worse but also can ...

A virtual reality "space ride" in which viewers feel as if they are flying through the air inside a giant glass ball has been developed in Japan.

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Virtually any modern information-capture devicesuch as a camera, audio recorder, or telephonehas an analog-to-digital converter in it, a circuit that converts the fluctuating voltages of analog signals into strings ...

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AFRL researchers explore automation, additive technologies for cost ... - Phys.Org

Advantech Launches Solution-Ready Platform Series – Automation World

Advantechs IIoT Automation Group is pleased to announce the launch of its SRP-FPV240 series of application-oriented solution-ready platforms (SRP).

With the arrival of Industry 4.0 and the resulting trend for increased automation and data communication in manufacturing; technology solutions that can centralize management and streamline data visualization have become essential. To address the need, Advantech created its SRP-FPV240 solutions series based on eight thin client options equipped with ACP BIOS that are fully compatible to the innovative ThinManager software.

Centralized Management for Efficient Management and Easy Maintenance The SRP-FPV240 series solutions provide a sustainable and scalable automation platform for boosting productivity by increasing production efficiency and minimizing system downtime through centralized management. Because applications are run on the terminal server and not on thin clients, applications only need to be installed once on the server to be available at all client devices. This reduces operational complexity and facilitates more efficient management of access privileges, authentication, and security through consistent policy application. To future enhance the monitoring, overseeing, and controlling of all processes, the SRP-FPV240 series solutions also supports the independent operation of MES, ERP, SCADA, and VM systems on a single client device.

Enhanced Visualization for Multi-Tasking The SRP-FPV240 series solutions paired with ThinManager software allows secure and centralized management of all thin client devices, server processes, and data visualization sources in an automation network. Powerful visualization features, including flexible screen tiling and multi-monitor support, enable multiple sessions and displays to be viewed on a single monitor for advanced multi-tasking operations. Additionally, the display layout and content delivered to client terminals can be completely customized according to specific user profiles.

Server Failover and Plug-and Play Functionality For added reliability and security, the SRP-FPV240 solutions are pre-installed with ACP BIOS for ThinManager support for both server failover and plug-and-play functionality. The provision of sever failover means that in the event of a server failure, all thin clients have the ability to switch to a backup terminal server without interruption. With plug-and-play functionality, if a thin client fails, the terminal can be easily replaced without configuration. The new thin client simply retrieves the terminal configuration data and assumes its identity. Moreover, active sessions are retained on the server to be automatically resumed on the new client, eliminating data losses and workflow disruptions.

Series Platform Offerings Advantechs SRP-FPV240 solution series comprises of eight thin clients embedded with ACP BIOS software. Featuring a low-power design and compact form factor, these industrial-grade thin clients can be flexibly installed in environments with limited space. Additionally, because they are diskless, they are less susceptible to damage from dust or vibration, resulting in minimal maintenance and reduced system downtime.

Every SRP-FPV240 thin client offers unrivaled performance for a variety of industrial automation and smart factory applications. The multi-display thin client models support multiple display outputs and video interfaces as well as full HD and ultra HD resolutions, providing high-value hardware solutions for divers display applications. Meanwhile, the multi-touch panel model with 21.5 full HD display is IP69K rated for protection from high pressure/temperature spray down and dust ingress, making it ideal for deployment in the food and beverage, pharmaceutical, and chemical manufacturing industries.

Multi-Display Thin Clients SRP-FPV240-AE: 1 x HDMI and 1 x DP SRP-FPV240-01: 1 x HDMI and 4 x USB SRP-FPV240-02: 1 x VGA and 1 x HDMI SRP-FPV240-03: 1 x HDMI, 1 x DP, and 8 x USB

Panel Thin Clients SRP-FPV240-03: 21.5 full HD TFT LED LCD industrial thin client multi-touch panel with stainless steel chassis and IP69K rating SRP-FPV240-04/05/06: 12.1/15/17 TFT LED LCD industrial think client touch panel

For more information, click here

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Advantech Launches Solution-Ready Platform Series - Automation World

Who’s Afraid of Automation? – Human Resource Executive Online (blog)

Despite all the hand-wringing over automations potential to displace scores of hard-working humans, it seems that a majority of employees are actually ready to welcome our new robot overlords.

In fact, just 14 percent of U.S. employees say theyre worried that automation will take their job away someday, according to new research from Atlanta-based Randstad North America.

The 2017 Randstad Employer Brand Research study polled more than 5,300 workers, with 76 percent of respondents saying they dont fear automation. Nearly one-third of employees (30 percent) said they think artificial intelligence and automation will make their jobs better.

This optimism seems to be at odds with how some have described the prevailing employee sentiment toward robotics in the workplace.

In a May 2017 HRE feature, for example, Laura Maechtlen discussed the Chicken Little-type thinking she often encounters in discussions about automations impact on the future of work.

Theres just so much fear about people being replaced, said Maechtlen, a San Francisco-based partner at Seyfarth Shaw, and co-chair of the firms diversity and inclusion action team.

That fear isnt well-founded, she told us, adding that automation should be seen as an opportunity to augment an organizations talent, not to supplant its employees.

This recent Randstad poll certainly suggests that employees are getting more comfortable with the concept of artificial intelligence and automation, and many would be willing to take part in additional training to maintain their current job status. Overall, 51 percent said they would be happy to retrain in order to develop and update the skills needed to work alongside AIprovided that they were being paid the same or more than their current salary.

It is evident from our research that not only are workers not afraid of losing their jobs to automation, they are more than willing to retrain to leverage the efficiencies and benefits of artificial intelligence and robotics in the workplace, says Linda Galipeau, CEO of Randstad North America, in a statement.

These sentiments should be welcome news for companies as they seek greater adoption of automation to drive productivity and innovation, says Galipeau. As we have known for quite some time, the success of organizations in the future will depend greatly on their ability to strike a balance between valuable human insight and interaction with technology.

While AI is becoming a reality in the workplace, thisinflux of automationdoesnt make human skills less valuable, Jim Link, chief human resources officer at Randstad North America, tells HRE.

In the future, says Link, an organizationssuccess will depend on its ability to enable humans and AI to function collectively and collaborate effectively.

Companies and HR leaders owe it to both their companies and their employees to play an active role in communicatingand teaching the skills needed for the future, as automation moves into the workplace, he says.

This can encompass anything from training programs that focus on upskilling employees strategic, problem-solving skillsexpertise that AI doesnt necessarily possessto providing employees with incentives to develop these skills on their own time.

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Who's Afraid of Automation? - Human Resource Executive Online (blog)

Money flows to robotic process automation – ZDNet

When asked about their top priorities over the coming year, enterprise managers put customer engagement via mobile and social at the top of their lists. These are technology initiatives that have been around and occupying the minds of IT and business managers for the past several years.

There's a new contender for IT and business mindshare on the rise, however. Coming in at number two this year is robotic process automation (RPA), a survey of 454 enterprises conducted by HfS Research and KPMG finds. (Analytics is #3, and Software as a Service is #4.)

The Institute for Robotic Process Automation and Artificial Intelligence (whew, they cover a lot of ground) defines RPA as "the application of technology that allows employees in a company to configure computer software or a 'robot' to capture and interpret existing applications for processing a transaction, manipulating data, triggering responses and communicating with other digital systems."

The IT department itself is seeing RPA first. Thirty-six percent of enterprises are implementing or piloting RPA against their IT and network infrastructure support functions, making this the leading area seeing such investments. Another 35% are deploying or piloting RPA against IT administrative functions.

Other areas of investment include the following: (Includes implementing and piloting.)

RPA seems to be catching the imaginations of higher-level business executives, a group usually not cognizant of technology flavors. Forty-three percent of senior VPs in the survey base say they intend to make "significant" investments in RPA.

Among industry groups, the high-tech and financial services industries leading the way with, respectively, 53% and 44% making significant investments in RPA over the next couple of years, HfS reports. "Only retail falls below 30%, which may be a result of highly distributed organizations finding it if challenging to find high-throughput, high-intensity process where there is real tangible ROI for the investment."

RPA puts businesses on the path to digitization, HfS explains. "Quite simply, you can't be an effective digital organization if you don't have your manual processes digitized and automated. That's what RPA does."

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Money flows to robotic process automation - ZDNet

Workflow automation startup Workato announces $10m Series A … – TechCrunch

Its a big day for Workatoas the startup announced a $10 million Series A, and the latest release of its workflow automation platform dubbed Turing.

The round was led by Storm Ventures with participation from strategic investors Salesforce Ventures and Workday Ventures. The four year old company has now raised a total of $16 million.

Workato helps companies simplify workflow integrations by automating when possible the connections between various SaaS applications and APIs. You can see why Salesforce and Workday saw fit to invest in them in that context.

One of the attractions of SaaS applications is the ability to self serve, but when it comes to building connections or workflows between applications, things get a bit more complicated. Typically that requires a trip to IT to create even simple connections across tools, says Workato CEO Vijay Tella.

He says its not just a case of end users looking for independence though. Its also IT wanting to provide knowledge workers in marketing, sales, finance and other departments with a tool to build integrations on their own that doesnt require developer skills.

The company created Workato to enable these types of end users to build workflows more easily by automating as much as possible and suggesting logical flows across tools. The solution relies on underlying machine learning algorithms to drive these suggestions in an interactive manner. As users adjust these recipes to suit their needs, the system learns and offers more complete ones over time, Tella said.

During the Beta of Turing, Tella said 55 percent of recipes were being auto-authored and presented to users in the form of suggestions, which they can accept or adjust by making a series of choices.

Since no process is completely fool-proof, the company is using machine learning to also self correct (or at least offer possible solutions) when a recipe breaks for some reason while making connections across systems. That involves showing the user the recipe flow in plain language instead of code, which should enable them to fix and rerun.

Workato claims that 78 percent of customers go live with their product in the first week. It helps that Workato has many recipes prepackaged out of the box using typical kinds of integrations for companies like Salesforce and Workday (surprise, surprise), but also Zendesk, Slack and many others.

The company reports that its product is being used at over 21,000 organizations including Box, IBM, Cisco, Ideo and Credo.

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Workflow automation startup Workato announces $10m Series A ... - TechCrunch

Bluetooth LE adds mesh networking to improve home/building automation, lighting & other IoT devices – 9to5Mac

Bluetooth is adding support for a new mesh networking specification that will improve Bluetooth LE devices across various categories, the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) announced in a briefing with press today.

The Bluetooth group said that mesh networking would provide a more reliable and scaleable solution for building and home automation devices, networks of sensors, and other IoT devices where many devices need to communicate with one another.Its adding the new spec after many requests from its member companies, and is making it available starting today for use in accessories using Bluetooth LE 4.0 or higher.

The new mesh capability enables many-to-many (m:m) device communications and is optimized for creating large-scale device networks. It is ideally suited for building automation, sensor networks and other IoT solutions where tens, hundreds, or thousands of devices need to reliably and securely communicate with one another.

The Bluetooth SIG made a point of highlighting industrial grade solutions for building and factory automation, as well as connected/smart lighting as two big areas that can benefit from the new mesh networking support.

New control and automation systems, from lighting to heating/cooling to security, are about to make homes and offices a lot smarter. Bluetooth mesh networking supports these smart buildings, enabling tens, hundreds or even thousands of wireless devices to reliably and securely communicate with each other.

Lighting company Fulham, one of the many member companies that contributed to the new spec, noted that its thrilled to finally see a wireless, multi-vendor, and interoperable standard for lighting controls. It added that it believes Bluetooth mesh and Bluetooth Low Energy will greatly expand the size and functionality of the lighting control market.

Bluetooth SIG said that it expects to see products using the new Mesh Networking specs within six months if not sooner, and devices that are already shipping will be able to add support through software updates (including smartphones and tablets).

Developers interested in learning more can head over to the Bluetooth SIGs blog.

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Bluetooth LE adds mesh networking to improve home/building automation, lighting & other IoT devices - 9to5Mac

Practical automation guide and tools for busy bloggers – TNW

Bill Gates is famous for saying, I choose a lazy person to do a hard job. Because a lazy person will find an easy way to do it.

However shocking that sounds, putting more work and hours into something doesnt always yield better results. And todays fast-paced online world can be especially tough on businesses that dont manage to keep up.

As a busy blogger, youre probably juggling a multitude of different tasks, many of which are repetitive and frankly, quite boring. For your blog to take off and scale into something greater than a company of one employee, you must use your time efficiently and learn to automate and delegate.

Read on to learn about the practical tools of automation and how to use them to grow your business.

On average 49 percent of companies are currently using marketing automation and the adoption is growing rapidly, as there are 11 times more B2B organizations using marketing automation now than in 2011.

Why is everyone jumping on this new trend? According to various research findings, marketers whove adopted marketing automation count multiple benefits:

Besides helping to improve customer experience, email marketing and, lead management as well as helping to reduce human error in marketing campaigns, the biggest and most important benefit of automation for busy bloggers is that it can save hours and hours of time, which could be spent creating new content and growing the business.

Creating excellent content for your blog is only half the story. You might be a skilled writer and an expert in your field, but churning out high-quality content every day is hardly possible if youre a one-man show. And yet, it doesnt mean you should let your social media presence suffer.

What you need to keep your communication flowing is a rich selection of well-written content that your target audience would find interesting and valuable. By sharing blog posts, videos or infographics created by other bloggers or businesses you will continue to create value for your followers and boost your credibility. Content curation can be an opportunity for bloggers to build their following and figure out the interests and motivations of their audience.

Credit: Pocket

Explore the most popular content curation tools, such as Pocket, Scoop.it, Feedly, and Storify that will help you to discover, save, and distribute the best content from around the web.

The best way to manage the time you spend on social media is by blocking off a few hours in your calendar for content scheduling and getting it all done in one go. Buffer and Hootsuite are the leading content scheduling tools available online that can take the pain out of this boring task. Instead of copy-pasting the same message across different platforms, fiddling with different settings and re-uploading visuals, get all your social media content planned out and scheduled by using a dedicated automation tool.

Credit: Buffer

To get the most of social media automation, be sure to craft your own social media content plan. A robust social media content calendar will not only help you stick to a consistent schedule, but will also make the planning of time-sensitive content easier and help you enforce a healthy sharing ratio. One of the most popular ways for figuring out the ideal ratio for the content youll share on different channels is to use the 411 rule. This rule refers to a practice of sharing four user-centric educational or entertaining posts for every one slightly promotional and one hard sale post.

Credit: Buffer

When it comes to choosing the optimal time to post on social media, youll need to do a bit of heavy-lifting yourself and analyze your audiences behavior and preferences. When are your followers online? When do you see the level of engagement spike throughout the day? Look into the built-in analytics on Twitter or Facebook to determine the best times to push your messages out. Alternatively, you can rely on the clever algorithms that Buffer and Hootsuite both use to automatically schedule your post to go out when theyre most likely to be noticed. CoSchedule have rounded up a number of studies to figure out the perfect times to post and found that:

Although not a WordPress plugin, IFTTT is one of the most versatile automation tools on the market. It can send you a daily email with the GIFs that are trending on Giphy or notify you when a new subscriber is added to your MailChimp list. The possibilities are wide-ranging and exciting.

To maximize the ROI of your email marketing, ensure your workflow is set up properly. Use a WordPress form builder to have a smart-looking subscription form that integrates with your email provider on your site. Then set up an automated workflow on your email platform to trigger a welcome campaign once a new email is added to your mailing list. If you want to quickly capture new leads on your blog and add them to the right mailing list, CaptainForm, a user-friendly WordPress form builder that integrates with MailChimp and GetResponse, is a good place to start.

Credit: CaptainForm

Another cool WordPress plugin that can take some work off your hands is Revive Old Post, which promises to help you keep the old posts alive and drive more traffic by reposting them on social media. To keep your content calendar neatly organized, you can also explore the CoSchedule plugin, which will help you take control of your blogging calendar.

Many bloggers will attest to the idea that hiring a VA right from the start is the best thing you can do for your business. The most common objection here is that it seems counterintuitive to pay someone before you start making money yourself, but it is the only way for you to focus on the most important, revenue-producing tasks and leave the rest in someone elses capable hands.

So where do you find a talented VA that will help you bring order to chaos? Many entrepreneurs scour freelancer marketplaces like Upwork and PeoplePerHour or leverage their personal and professional networks on social media (Facebook and LinkedIn groups, Twitter hashtags).

When hiring a VA, make sure you know exactly what type of tasks youll be outsourcing so that you can look out for the right set of skills. Do they need a good written English? Does it matter what time zone they live in? Do they need any specific knowledge? If youre struggling to wrap your head around this, use Foundrs Hiring a VA checklist to cover your bases.

Credit: Trello

If your VA lives on the other side of the world, you can use tools like Screenmailer to explain projects and tasks in a quick and reliable way. Trello is also an excellent tool to keep track of the progress and make sure youre all on the same page.

Dont be afraid of making a few mistakes here and there theyre not going to kill your business. But there are a few things to keep in mind when it comes to marketing automation:

1) Set goals for each automated effort

You will need a way to measure the success of your marketing automation, so make sure you set goals for each automated effort, such as social media, email workflows, and so on. This will help you to track the performance of automated campaigns and ensure theyre optimized for the best results.

2) Optimize your email automation

Automating your email marketing will be an exhilarating experience. However, its key to remember that adding your leads to onboarding or welcome automation workflows only works if the lists are segmented and you personalize the content that you send. Dont make the mistake of blasting generic emails to the entire mailing list because it will turn people away.

3) Dont get lazy

Marketing automation will save you tons of time, but dont make the mistake of letting things take their own course. Take time every week to re-test and review your automated messages to make sure theyre still relevant. If your engagement rates start to drop, its time to refresh the content and do some A/B testing.

Once you turn your blog into a source of income, your efforts must be focused on growing the business. So you cant spend your days plowing through a to-do list that has no direct (or very little) impact on your revenue. Automating the most time-consuming tasks will free up a lot of time and allow you to scale your business without much investment. And if you decide to hire a VA, there is only one thing to remember never outsource core tasks and youll be just fine!

Read next: Ashley Madison: Sorry for ruining your life, here's $3,500 (or $2)

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Practical automation guide and tools for busy bloggers - TNW

Expert Asserts that Retraining is the Best Response to AI Automation – Futurism

In BriefA chief strategy officer has stated that retraining is theanswer to the threat that AI represents to jobs and livelihoods.However, several other industry leaders back other solutions tothis major stumbling block in the age of automation. Retraining as Retaining

Jeremy Auger, a Chief Strategy Officer at D2L, an educational technology company, has asserted in a post on entrepreneur.com that the way for humans to maintain their relevance in the labor force in the face of artificial intelligence (AI) and automation developments is through ongoing, career-long retraining. His voice is added to a choir of individuals who are preaching the same message.

Auger argues that AI represents an unprecedented challenge to the work force on account of its cerebral capabilities, which could see it replacing the human workforce in the cognitive space as well as the physical one. He argues that

learning cant end with graduation. To be competitive, companies will need to step up and provide education opportunities themselves, while encouraging self-directed learning so they can ensure that their workers are continually acquiring new skills

Firstly, he argues that we need to change what people learn. Rather than attempt to match AI in ability, we should instead aim to cultivate the skills that AI is unlikely to develop, such as innovation and creativity: seeing connections in seemingly unrelated things. This is the impetus behind other related programs like IBMs P-Tech, which seeks to give children today a more tech-oriented education that befits tomorrows automation-driven world.

He also argues that we should shift the onus of education away from parents and schools, and towards ourselves and the companies we are part of, who should take responsibility for continually providing opportunities for their employees to develop. This is a view shared by David Kenny, IBMs senior Vice President for Watson, who wrote in an article for Wired that we should be

updating the Federal Work-Study program, something long overdue, [which] would give college students meaningful, career-focused internships at companies rather than jobs in the school cafeteria or library

However, retraining and re-educating is not the end-all-be-all answer to the ever-growing issue that is automation.There are rival choirs who are lauding different solutions to AI joining the workforce, which Stephen Hawking states will cause job destruction deep into the middle classes, and Oxford University researchers claim that 47 percent of US jobs are at riskbecause of it.

Bill Gates has proposed taxing robots and corporations in order to provide for people whose jobs are being replaced: he has asserted that Right now, the human worker who does, say, $50,000 worth of work in a factory, that income is taxed and you get income tax, Social Security tax, all those things. If a robot comes in to do the same thing, youd think that wed tax the robot at a similar level.

Others have proposed a system of universal basic income (UBI) an income prescribed by the government to any citizen to give individuals the money that they would have earned through a job replaced by automation. People would then be able to work to augment their pay, but would always be able to survive regardless of whether they are employed.

Mark Zuckerberg is an advocator of the UBI strategy, viewing it as a platform for innovation rather than the sad consequence of being exceeded by a robot. He told Harvard graduates that We should explore ideas like universal basic income to make sure everyone has a cushion to try new ideas.

There are a spectrum of views concerning the best response to increasing automation of the working world although none of them seem to guarantee the best situation for AI and humans. However, it is important that we continue to have these conversations now rather than face themafter the problem has progressed much further.

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Expert Asserts that Retraining is the Best Response to AI Automation - Futurism

90% of employees see value in automation – Fierce (registration)

Artificial intelligence (AI) and automation are buzzwords in retail, but what does all this technology mean for the state of the workforce?

Ninety percent of respondents to a recent survey believethat there are advantages to automating tasks at their organization, particularly a reduction in manual errors (48%), an increase in the speed at which tasks are completed (42%) and better quality work product (38%). Specifically, 53% of employees believe they could save about 20 hours a month with automation and 78% of business leaders could save about 30 hours a month with automation.

According to a report from WorkMarket, automation holds real business potential, despite the varying opinions of retail leaders and employees. In fact, while 52% of business leaders are interested in workforce automation, only 29% of employees are interested and 32% of employees also say they feel indifferent about automation.

Respondents agree that automation is more applicable today, while AI still has a ways to go. Less than half, 41%, of leaders are using workforce automation technology while only 13% are using AI. And 56% plan to implement automation into the workforce in the next three to five years compared to 44% for AI.

Almost three-fourths of those interviewed, both leaders and employees, believe at least parts of their job could be automated.While only 6% responded that their entire job could be automated, at least 61% said parts of the job could be automated and another 12% believe most of their job could be automated.

IT issues ranked as the biggest distraction keeping business leaders and employees from doing more important work, 43% and 29% respectively. Another 35% of leaders and 13% of employees cited scheduling meetings.

"Automation should be an integral component of a company's modern growth strategy. Retail companies looking to boost productivity would be wise to consider the impact workforce automation can have on their business. Some interesting findings to support this was the fact that 70% of business leaders surveyed say they're spending about 25% of their time on mundane, non-core tasks," Stephen DeWitt, CEO of WorkMarket,told FierceRetail. "That's about two hours a day. And amajority of business leaders (78%) believethey could save up to three hours a day by automating tasks. These are substantial figures that help reinforce the massive impact labor automation software can have on companies looking to empower their workforce, something retail should be particularly interested in."

DeWitt found the dichotomy between workers thinking that AI software would take over their jobs, to the belief that the technology would help automate mundane parts of their job, to be surprising.

"In fact, not only are robots/AI not coming to take their job, our findings suggest it will actually free up two hours of their day and allow them to become more productive while focusing on better serving their customers. Automation isn't here to strip away someone's livelihood," he added.

Excerpt from:

90% of employees see value in automation - Fierce (registration)

Automation businesses set to thrive in south west by 2050 – Bath Chronicle

The automation business is set to thrive in the South West in the next 33 years.

Robots are taking on mundane and what-would-be dangerous roles for humans.

And our region looks like it will be one of the areas championing the automation industry.

But it's not all going to be about fast-thinking machines as there will still be a key place for those with the right skills and a capacity to be adaptable.

The Bristol Port Company, which employs 550 members of staff at Avonmouth, and has an annual turnover of 80 million, has a particularly keen eye to the future.

John Chaplin, director of external affairs at the Port said the workplace of 2050 would be a very different place.

Looking more than 30 years is challenging, he said. Further automation seems inevitable with robots increasingly being used to undertake hazardous, unattractive and repetitive roles.

He called for the Government to look at more localised specialist training at post-GCSE/A level that is better suited to the regions local needs to help to create a suitably-adaptable workforce for the future.

Financial giants Hargreaves Lansdown had a similar vision of the future workplace

Danny Cox, a spokesman for the Bristol-based firm, which employs 1,000 people in the city and has a net revenue of 326.5 million, said: In 10 years our information technology team has grown from 30 to around 180 people. There was no such thing as an app then, now we have had nearly 600,000 downloads.

Technology will continue its dominance however it is those businesses which continue to focus on their clients and their changing needs, and who invest in their own people, who will still be successful in years to come.

When asked what one thing should be done to improve the quality of skills in the workplace to boost productivity, he called on the Government to provide the framework for business to thrive.

He said: Amongst other things this means sensible regulation, and proportionate and simple taxation. Thriving businesses attract skilled people to the area and improve the skills and knowledge of their workforce.

Down the road at Myrtle Farm in Sandford, north Somerset, Martin Thatcher employs 206 people at his 72.5 million-turnover Thatchers Cider.

He said: Recent focus on apprenticeships has led to improvements in skills, but there is still much more to be done. We are concerned that schools and universities are giving are young people qualifications, but are not work-ready. So we need redirection of what our young people are taught.

We would like to see more work based training where we as employers can teach people the latest technology as well as traditional methods, but also the responsibility and behaviours expected at work.

We currently support students at Weston College through a work experience and apprenticeship programme. We are also talking to local universities on ways of working together in the future.

Martins vision for 2050 is bright.

In one respect it feels like the world around us is changing so quickly from economic, social and political perspectives that to try and predict what is happening in one years time, let alone 30, is a massive challenge, he said. Yet here at Thatchers we can be certain that we will maintain our focus on being a family business led by our fifth generation by the time 2050 comes around.

At Myrtle Farm we have a commitment to the most advanced technology that allows us to craft the highest quality, consistently great tasting cider for our customers. The workplace of the future will of course see massive changes in technology but I firmly believe that whilst technology may well replace some manual jobs, it cannot replace the individuals enthusiasm and passion that we have within our workplace.

Aerospace giant Airbus employs some 4,000 people at its Filton site. With 2016 revenue of67 billion Euros, the Toulouse-headquartered firm is a global player when it comes to workplace skills. Over the last five years alone Airbus and Airbus Defence and Space have trained 500 external apprentices and a further 300 internal apprenticeships in the UK.

A spokesperson for the firm said: Now we have an Industrial Strategy we need a comprehensive Skills Strategy to underpin it, which effectively links the supply side with the demand side. The demand side for skills will take care of itself the Governments job is to work with industry to forecast what that demand will look like and to shape the skills system to fit so that there is a good supply of the right skills this becomes even more vital in the context of Brexit LEPs have a key role to play in ensuring local demand is matched with local need, and in strategically planning for new investment in the local skills system.

More widely, productivity in the UK has been lagging behind other countries for some time. We produce in five days, per worker, what Germany produces in four. Technological change has the potential to shift that but only if workers actually have the skills needed to work with new technologies we need government to again work with industry to ensure we can give workers the skills they need to adapt and learn how to master the new technologies and digital revolution we are on the cusp of.

To enable this we also need to embed new technologies in the education and skills system i.e. ensuring all apprenticeships have a digital element, using digital technology to teach in schools rather than treating digital as a bolt-on and it means giving existing workers the ability to upskill and reskill as needed for example, by allowing employers to use their levy to fund CPD training or by creating a new training entitlement for each individual worker.

Unsurprisingly, Airbus is already ahead of the curve when it comes to preparing for the workplace of 2050.

In 2050, 60 per cent of jobs are predicted to be new jobs which dont exist today, and in sectors which dont exist today, or will have new digital processes built into them, the Airbus spokesman said.

The Government is currently conducting a review of Industrial Digitalisation to map how Industry 4.0 will change the skills mix needed in different sectors, but by 2050 will we have begun a Fifth Industrial Revolution and what will it look like?

The traditional nine-to-five may not be completely killed off by 2050 but we can expect fewer people to work in such patterns; we can expect more payment by output and employees thanks to technological advances eliminating the need to do many of todays more mundane tasks, may well find that they have more leisure time the trend for 100 years has been to reduce working hours as technological change allows for increased productivity such as Henry Ford reducing from six to five days a week in the 1920s, and Carlos Slim proposing a three day week.

She added: There will be far fewer managers management is the fastest growing area today for apprenticeships and many companies are planning to spend their levy on such training but the need for management of many workers will be wiped out as technological gains make self-management and management by app the norm and we move to more self-empowered and self-managed teams.

Large employers and large workplaces will still exist but technology will make it even easier for new entrants to markets to quickly grow; disruptive technologies will continue to challenge and dislodge established players in the market where was Uber 10 years ago? Where was Netflix? Where was Ocado? Some of todays big names will still exist in 2050 but those that are slow to adapt to new consumer demands will find themselves washed away with the tide of history.

The bolder question is will workplaces even exist at all in 2050? Will work as we know it still need to be done? We cannot predict what even 2025 will look like, such is the pace of technological change.

Another of Bristols big employers is NatWest bank which has its regional headquarters in Temple Quay.

A spokesperson for the 12.4bn turnover bank, said: The skills shortage is a common theme when we talk to customers, not just in Bristol but across the country. We are fortunate here to have the forward-thinking West of England LEP, who are working with the business community to define future needs across different sectors. They are building a road map and linking with further education colleges and universities to make sure this insight is acted upon.

For instance they have agreed 8.7 million in funding for two Weston College projects an Infrastructure Construction Skills Centre and a Health and Active Living Skills Centre. Its this sort of collaboration, planning and investment which would benefit other areas. Its great to see the West of England leading the way.

She added: The workplace of the future will be more digitally focused and more flexible and Bristol is well-placed to lead the way. The city has a very vibrant tech cluster, with ambitious and interesting companies making their home here and a strong ecosystem in place to support them.

Digital innovations are already allowing companies to improve productivity, improve customer and staff interactions, help reduce risk and mean staff can be more mobile. NatWest customers currently use digital more than any other way of interacting with the bank nearly 80 per cent of customers interact with us via digital channels.

In June NatWest launched our digital centre of excellence here in Bristol. The studio will be at the forefront of the banks investment in digital for commercial and corporate customers across the UK, designed to help them reduce their risk and save them time.

Glass Wharf, at Temple Quay in Bristol at the heart of Bristols financial services industry

Developments in digital will mean an increased capacity for businesses and workers to be flexible. We know that flexible working makes employees more productive, so this, coupled with a focus on skills, should mean a workforce which is more empowered and innovative.

Another Bristol-based bank, Triodos, which employs more than 150 people in the city, with a 13.5 billion Euro annual turnover, also has its sights set on the future for skills.

Dan Foster, resourcing manager at Triodos Bank, explained: For the last three years, we have recruited an apprentice into our office services department and on completion of their apprenticeship they have secured permanent roles with us.

We have plans to expand this further across the UK. In previous years we have had numerous internship or placement students, with some returning to us after their degree in to permanent roles.

Apprenticeship is a great way to find people that are passionate about our mission and values as a bank, who become great co-workers and are strong advocates of the work we do.

He added: I think there needs to more support for those who come from more underprivileged backgrounds into employment. We also need employment pathways for people who feel that university is not the route they wish to take in their career. For example, the Apprenticeship Levy has given businesses the opportunity to invest into future co-workers, regardless of background, and nurture the skillset required for careers to thrive and businesses to grow. This is what creates the business leaders of the future.

Dan also has a digital vision of the future: By 2050, I think that the majority of work will be conducted online. There is going to be a big shift for many organisations in terms of where their employees physically work.

This continuing rise in flexible and remote workers gives companies an opportunity to source their employees globally in order to recruit the best possible individuals. At the same time, the disbursement of workers presents major challenges in creating and maintaining a company culture in which employees thrive. The workplace of the future will be able to creatively balance these two forces.

One of the regions biggest employers historically has been Imperial Tobacco, now rebranded as Imperial Brands. The 7.2 billion-turnover company still employs 550 people in and around Bristol.

When asked what one thing should be done, either regionally or nationally by government including LEPs to improve the quality of skills in the workplace to boost productivity, a spokesman for the firm said: We would encourage governments to look towards crafting national educational programmes which develop the specific skills needed to prosper in todays workplace.

Some suggest areas for might include: building commercial awareness to assist with decision-making in business, developing interpersonal skills, including resilience at work and dealing with conflict and improving digital skills.

He also had a clear vision of a different sort of workplace in 2050.

In the short term, were likely to see much more flexible workforces, he said. As technology improves people will hold virtual meetings and increasingly work from home. Companies will have fewer permanent employees and will use specialist contractors on a regular basis sourced from expanded freelance pools. There will be an increase in the gig economy, and more people will likely have portfolio careers working with multiple employers.

He added: In the longer term, developments in AI leading to creations like driverless cars will likely change the global workforce significantly, as machines take over certain tasks traditionally performed by humans. This could have a seismic impact on the employment market moving forward.

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Automation businesses set to thrive in south west by 2050 - Bath Chronicle

Ball State study finds automation could replace half of low-skilled jobs – nwitimes.com

A new study by Ball State University found automation could eliminate half of all low-skilled jobs, and offshoring could wipe out as many as a fourth of all American jobs.

Ball State University'sCenter for Business and Economic Research and Rural Policy Institute's Center for State Policy found automation could jeopardize jobs likedata-entry keyers, mathematical science occupations, telemarketers, insurance underwriters and mathematical technicians in coming years. TheHow Vulnerable Are American Communities to Automation, Trade and Urbanization? study also determined that outsourcing to foreign countries could displace computer programmers, data-entry keyers, electrical and electronic drafters, mechanical drafters and computer and information research scientists, as well as factory workers.

Automation is likely to replace half of all low-skilled jobs, Center for Business and Economic Research director Michael Hicks said. Communities where people have lower levels of educational attainment and lower incomes are the most vulnerable to automation. Considerable labor market turbulence is likely in the coming generation.

Communities with large number of low-skilled residents who only received high-school degrees, including many in Indiana, could face economic devastation.

More worrisome is that there is considerable concentration of job loss risks across labor markets, educational attainment and earnings, Hicks said. This accrues across industries and is more pronounced across urban regions, where economies have concentrated all net new employment in the U.S. for a generation.

Jobs that were deemed safest from offshoring and automation include recreational therapists, emergency management directors, mental health and substance abuse social workers, audiologists and first-line supervisors of mechanics, installers and repairers. They tend to pay an average of $80,000 a year, versus $40,000 a year for lower skilled jobs.

On a very basic level, long-term job instability and depression of wages has a direct impact on well-being, said Emily Wornell, a rural sociologist with the Rural Policy Research Institutes Center for State Policy. The impacts of job displacement go beyond economics, affecting health, family stability, educational outcomes and social integration.

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Ball State study finds automation could replace half of low-skilled jobs - nwitimes.com

Next-Gen MES Technology – Automation World

Manufacturing execution systems (MESs) can help manufacturers and other industrial organizations reduce costs while improving operations, collaboration, asset management, workflow and safety.

Specific MES functionality can vary significantly, depending upon the supplier and industry focus. Many of the newer MES applications are integrated solutions that include quality management and traceability, regulatory compliance documentation, planning and scheduling, energy management, and manufacturing intelligence and analytics, in addition to workflow enforcement and cloud capabilities.

ARC Advisory Group research indicates that MES technology usage continues to increase at a rate faster than automation in general. This is largely due to the technologys ability to help optimize production for operational excellence. Manufacturers continue to focus on driving waste out of their operations by eliminating silos, simplifying and improving workflows, integrating advanced analytics, adding pervasive visualization, and standardizing technologies and processes. Whether implemented in the cloud or in a more traditional on-premise manner, MES continues to be a critical technology for achieving those objectives.

ARC/Automation World MES survey

Early this year, ARC conducted a survey in conjunction with Automation World to assess the current state of MES adoption. Most qualified respondents (we filtered out suppliers) had more than 10 years of MES experience. We further filtered out those without direct experience with the technology.

Top 10 applications

The 10 most-used MES applications (in descending order), according to the survey, are:

Reporting is the most important function for most companies. For those still operating in silos, getting the right information into the right hands can be time-consuming, and MES can make immense improvements. Overall productivity, cycle times and yield improvements are achieved using MES. One respondent said that MES is their oxygen.

Top 5 MES applications by value

MES continues to grow because users continue to see value from their implementations. Some respondents mentioned that they see a lot of benefits from process quality and traceability.

According to the respondents, the top five applications for MES are:

Next-gen MES applications

Next-gen MES applications involve IT/OT/ET convergence, predictive analytics, cloud and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) deployments. About 42 percent of respondents have some cloud deployments. MES cloud deployment adoption varies by industry application and company because some industries see issues such as bandwidth, latency, IP and security as potential challenges. Once these issues are resolved, with newer technologies such as edge devices, ARC believes that cloud usage for MES will grow substantially.

ARC parsed the survey results into all cloud deployments vs. cloud deployment in oil and gas, petrochemical and chemical industries. Not surprisingly, we found that most cloud deployments in the latter industries employ private and hybrid clouds, but not public cloud computing. In other industries, such as the food and automotive industries and others in which its critical to collaborate with external partners, public cloud adoption is more prevalent.

End users have reduced costs just by using better visualization tools that enable the workface to obtain and understand information better. According to survey respondents, predictive analytics are being integrated into some MES solutions with immense benefits. A few users are adding virtual reality capabilities to be able to simulate process behaviors for new processes or products and prevent potential bottlenecks. Other new capabilities will be integrated into MES applications or provided as part of an MES solution.

ARC recommendations

MES is a valuable operations and production technology that will be integrated into companies digital transformation. ARC recommends the following actions for owner-operators and other technology users:

ARC's latest market research on MES for Process Industries explores these trends and drivers in more detail and includes information on the leading suppliers to this market.

>>Janice Abel, jabel@arcweb.com, is principal consultant at ARC Advisory Group.

Link:

Next-Gen MES Technology - Automation World

What happens when automation comes for highly paid doctors – CNNMoney

Radiologists, who receive years of training and are some of the highest paid doctors, are among the first physicians who will have to adapt as artificial intelligence expands into health care.

Radiologists use medical images, such as X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, ultrasounds and PET scans, to diagnose and treat patients. The field has greatly improved patient care, but has also driven up health care costs.

Precise numbers are hard to come by, but most estimates place radiology as an $8 billion industry in the U.S. Globally, the market is expected to grow from $28 billion to $36 billion by 2021, according to research firm Marketsandmarkets.

The tech and radiology communities expect artificial intelligence to transform medical imaging, providing better services at lower costs. For example, if you're getting an MRI, an AI program can improve the analysis, leading to better treatment.

"This is going to be transformational," said Keith Dreyer, vice chairman of radiology computing and information sciences at Massachusetts General Hospital. "Every month there's going to be a new algorithm that we're going to use and integrate into our solutions. When you look back we'll say, 'How did I ever live without this?'"

Today radiologists face a deluge of data as they serve patients. When Jim Brink, radiologist in chief at Massachusetts General Hospital, entered the field in the late 1980s, radiologists had to examine 20 to 50 images for CT and PET scans. Now, there can be as many as 1,000 images for one scan.

The work can be tedious, making it prone to error. The added imagery also makes it harder for radiologists to use their time efficiently. Brink expects artificial intelligence to act as a diagnostic aid, flagging specific images that a human should spend more time examining.

Related: Why U.S. workers are at a higher risk of automation

Arterys, a medical imaging startup, reads MRIs of the heart and measures blood flow through its ventricles. The process usually takes a human 45 minutes. Arterys can do it in 15 seconds.

The remarkable power of today's computers has raised the question of whether humans should even act as radiologists. Geoffrey Hinton, a legend in the field of artificial intelligence, went so far as to suggest that schools should stop training radiologists.

Those on the front lines are less dramatic.

"There's a misunderstanding that someone can program a bot that will take over everything the radiologist does," said Carla Leibowitz, head of strategy and marketing at Arterys. "Radiologists still use the product and still make judgment calls. [We're] trying to make products to make their lives easier."

According to Dreyer, a radiologist spends about half the day examining images. The rest is spent communicating with patients and other physicians. There's only so much that automated systems can take over.

"Our desire to have somebody in control, I don't think that will go away anytime soon," said General Leung, cofounder of MIMOSA Diagnostics, which is testing a smartphone device that uses AI to aid diabetics. "Someone's always going to want a person to have made the decision."

The future for radiologists may be similar to airline pilots. While planes generally fly on auotpilot, there's still a human in the cockpit.

Related: Goodbye high seas, hello cubicle. Sailor, the next desk job.

Dreyer's hospital is enthusiastically embracing the potential of AI to transform radiology. They've bulked up their computing power and are organizing their data to train algorithms. But there's a long road ahead. Artificial intelligence will need to be able to respond to thousands of situations to match the image interpretation that a radiologist does. Right now, Massachusetts General Hospital is focusing on 25 of them.

"The foreseeable future is not going to be human vs. machine, but human plus machine vs. a human without a machine," Dreyer said. "The human plus machine is going to win."

The future of radiologists appears to offer a lesson for any worker concerned about automation. If you can't beat the machines, join them.

CNNMoney (Washington) First published July 14, 2017: 10:55 AM ET

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What happens when automation comes for highly paid doctors - CNNMoney

Why automation isn’t everything in cybersecurity | CSO Online – CSO Online

With the latest advancements in automation and AI, many CISOs are recognizing the potential for automation to transform security operations. Given the way many technology vendors hype their solutions, you could be forgiven for thinking humans should be removed from security flows to the greatest extent possible. But, you would be wrong!

On the contrary, security analysts are not only an important part of the security process, they are THE most important part. So, when you think of automation, you should think of it not as a way of replacing security analysts, but rather as a way of empowering them to do more of what they do best. This is an important distinction.

The fact is, automation is not a panacea. Certainly, the early and rudimentary forms of automation our industry has seen in the past decade have fallen short of their promise. SIEM systems allow you to collect lots of log data, but the growth in data means ever-increasing amounts of backlog to process. Those same systems, with their inflexible, rules-based approach to threat detection, overwhelm analysts with torrents of false positives.

To make things worse, there are still far too many false negatives and intrusions that get by undetected. No matter what an automation vendor tells you, humans are still the absolute best at identifying previously unknown threats. However, we just cant do it at scale.

Solving the cybersecurity crisis cant start with the assumption humans should be automated out of the system - in fact, it should be quite the opposite. In an ideal configuration, human analysts are at the center of everything, supported with advanced automation tools that can make sense of the torrents of data being generated and allowing them to make the types of nuanced decisions that will take a very long time to yield to technology.

Some new generation solutions are purely focused on AI and machine learning. The promise is you turn it on in your environment and after a few days of the system learning on its own, it will be able to detect all the bad stuff. However, these systems suffer from a fatal flaw: missing the business context, adaptability and explainability needed to be truly effective.

What do human analysts know better than any system or, more importantly, any intruder? They know their own environment and the enterprise context, as well as having an intuition about how their system operates and what is normal versus what is questionable. Humans also adapt quickly to fast changing conditions and can always explain why they did something. On the other hand, humans cannot scale and could struggle with mistakes and inconsistencies. Machines, as we know, are exponentially faster and consistent.

The ideal system is still one that unites analyst and machine, augmenting the intelligence of a security analyst with the automation scale of a machine. To achieve this, we need the right kind of automation.

There are different types of automation. As explained by Harvard Business Review, basic robotic process automation handles routine and repeatable tasks, and can only scale some of the motions of an analyst, but cannot scale intelligence. Cognitive automation, on the other hand, can handle decision making around the severity of an alert by evaluating the full context of all data surrounding an event. Cognitive automation by itself, however, is not sufficient. To avoid pitfalls of a blackbox, automation needs to be complemented by analysts input and feedback on a continuous basis.

Recent, new technologies now make it possible to play to analysts strengths far more effectively. The next generation of automation technology allows analysts to feed their tribal knowledge about context and environment easily into the machine learning system, without requiring large training data sets. In addition to drastically increasingly efficacy, this allows a properly designed system to adapt and evolve flexibly as context and environment change. The analyst is in charge and the machine dutifully mimics and executes what the analysts would do, only at extreme scale.

Security automation doesnt mean removing analysts from the equation. Instead, good security automation is about empowering your analysts to force multiply their efforts, aiding them to be more productive and satisfied in their jobs, and freeing them to tackle the most challenging threats. With the right technologies and processes in place, your secops dream team can become a tag team of expert human security analysts plus virtual security analysts powered by cognitive automation.

This article is published as part of the IDG Contributor Network. Want to Join?

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Why automation isn't everything in cybersecurity | CSO Online - CSO Online

IBM, Automation Anywhere want to automate rote, data-intensive tasks – CIO Dive

Dive Brief:

IBM and Automation Anywhere are combiningAutomation Anywheres Robotic Process Automation (RPA) platform with IBMs digital process automation software to create software bots that can help businesses handle repetitive, task-based business processes, according to an IBM announcement.

IBM says the new offering will be especially helpful to companies whose employees regularly complete data-intensive manual tasks within business processes, a common practice in the banking, financial services, insurance and healthcare industries. Examples of such tasks include filing insurance claims, processing bank loans, paying vendors for services and opening customer accounts, according to IBM.

The offering is intended to free employees from repetitive manual tasks and allow them to focus on more creative aspects of their jobs, according to the report.

IBM pointed to The Hanover Insurance Group as an example. Hanover uses Automation Anywhere's RPA platform for back-office functions, such as underwriting, billing and claims.IBM's Business Process Manager comes into play to help manage larger system-wide processes, such as new business quoting, underwriting, and policy administration.

The key for the technology is integration. Though the systems work on their own, when combined customers can streamline business operations and eliminate some rote work for employees.

While some people express concerns about job losses due to automation, others focus on how the gradual displacement in the workforce through automation will aid the economy and drive growth.

Companies like IBM optimistic about the potential benefits of automation, focusing on how its technology will actually improve job satisfaction by freeing people from tasks theyd likely prefer not to do anyway. Employees may even get better at their jobs.A recent report from McKinsey estimates automation could raise productivity growth globally by 0.8% to 1.4% annually.

Top image credit: Pixabay

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IBM, Automation Anywhere want to automate rote, data-intensive tasks - CIO Dive

74% of professionals believe their jobs could be automated, report … – TechRepublic

As artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning continue to make their way into the enterprise, questions remain about which jobs will be most impacted by the technologies. According to a report from automation OS WorkMarket, published Thursday, 74% of business leaders and employees said they believe that some parts of their job could be automated in some way.

In addition to believing that automation could impact their jobs, many respondents felt that it could happen soon. Some 61% of business leaders said that automation could be deployed in their particular industry or job within a single year.

IT problems, data processing, and repetitive tasks like data entry are the most automatable tasks, the report said. IT issues were listed as the biggest hindrance to getting work done, with 43% of leaders and 29% of employees mentioning it as a roadblockmeaning that efforts to automate IT could lead in some deployments.

SEE: The Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Bundle (TechRepublic Academy)

While many of the respondents felt that automation could happen, they weren't all interested in exploring it. Only 29% of employees said that they were interested in automation, while 52% of business leaders said they were.

In the short term, process automation is more valuable than general AI, the report found. Automation technologies were currently being used by 41% of respondents, compared to the 13% using AI. More leaders (56%) have a plan in place for automation than do for AI (44%), the report said,

Overwhelmingly, respondents noted the potential value in automation. Some 90% said that they believe automating work tasks will provide particular advantages such as reducing manual errors, increasing speed, and improving the quality of the work. More than half of employees said they believe automation could save them up to two hours a day, and 78% of leaders said they could save up to three hours a day with automation, the report found.

"A key to success with tomorrow's mix of traditional employees, digital substitutes and crowd-based work systems is ensuring that the needs of both shareholders and the labor force are met," New York University professor Arun Sundararajan said in a press release for the report. "Productivity gains through automation and on-demand innovation are essential to maintaining economic growth levels that create sufficient future demand for human talent."

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74% of professionals believe their jobs could be automated, report ... - TechRepublic

IBM, Automation Anywhere partner on software bot solution to replace manual tasks – TechRepublic

A new partnership between IBM and Automation Anywhere, announced via press release on Thursday, will offer integrations of the two companies' technologies to more effectively automate data-intensive business processes.

Automation Anywhere uses its Robotic Process Automation (RPA) platform to create specific software bots that handle repetitive work tasks. That platform will be integrated with automation software from IBM, such as the IBM Business Process Manager and Operational Decision Manager, to provide a more broad approach to automation, the release said.

Essentially, businesses that are managing certain business processes through IBM software will be able to create bots to streamline those processes with Automation Anywhere's RPA platform, the release said. The joint effort will be available to business systems running on-premises or in the cloud.

SEE: Research: Automation and the future of IT jobs (Tech Pro Research)

By automating and improving business processes, the pair aims to "free employees to focus their time on more creative and customer-facing aspects of their jobs," the release said. This fits the trend of other companies looking to AI to complement employee work, not necessarily replace it.

Industries like banking, financial services, and insurance, which typically require manual tasks for many processes, stand to benefit from the partnership, the release said. This is especially true when the processes are data-intensive as well.

"The ability to smartly process and manage data is fast-becoming a competitive advantage," Denis Kennelly, general manager of IBM Hybrid Cloud solutions, said in the release. "The combination of the Automation Anywhere and IBM process management platforms provides a powerful new way for companies to streamline business processes so employees can spend less time filling out forms and more time working with customers."

For example, a bank employee could use a bot to make it easier to process new loans or open new accounts, the press release noted. The bot could find and capture the necessary data from other documents and bring it into the required forms.

Insurance provider The Hanover Insurance Group uses bots available through the partnership to more efficiently handle some of its back-office processes. In addition to speeding their completion of the tasks, Ian Maher, vice president of strategic sourcing at The Hanover Group, said in the release that it "could be a starting point for adding more advanced cognitive capabilities into our business processes."

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IBM, Automation Anywhere partner on software bot solution to replace manual tasks - TechRepublic

Automation takes away certain roles, but also creates new opportunity: Rekha Menon, MD, Accenture India – Economic Times

Global professional services company Accenture is sharpening its focus on learning and reskilling in India in the areas of "new IT" which is digital, analytics, cloud, mobility and security at a time when 50 per cent of its global revenue is coming from digital. "We caught the digital trend very early on, and started going down our digital journey and focusing on the 'new'," Rekha Menon, managing director of Accenture India , told ET in an interview.

Edited excerpts:

What is the purpose behind a renewed learning focus and investments?

The massive industry disruption led by digital meant that we needed to rotate ourselves to the new (which is digital, analytics, cloud, mobility and security). Today, 50 per cent of our global revenues come from digital. As a people business, rotating ourselves internally to the new means we must train our people. We spend nearly $1 billion on training globally.

In India, there are investments in infrastructure, such as our new learning centre in Bengaluru, which has a different design principle based on how people learn. There is learning on the gomore than 38,000 learning boards globally that can be accessed on any device, which is like having a big MOOC internally. We also have collaborative learning boards, so people can learn together, and we have gamified learning.

What is the learning focus at the leadership level in the context of the new IT? The focus is on future trends and what this means for our business, what kind of offerings will we take to our clients and what will we do internally. It is less technical, it is less subject specific deep knowledge. Leadership behaviour also needs to change since the workforce is very different. Even if I am working on weekends, I should be okay to not expect responses back. In the old world, that would not be the case. Because leadership mostly has grown up in a different environment, we must learn to work differently.

Do you think the middle management in companies is still under threat despite reskilling and some bit of redundancy is unavoidable due to automation? Automation takes away certain repetitive roles, but at the same time it creates new opportunity, so there are two sides to every change. Look at Uber. Yes, there was a lot of noise about it disrupting the entire vehicle industry, which it did, but look at the number of entrepreneurs it created, the number of jobs it created. It is a part of the cycle.

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Automation takes away certain roles, but also creates new opportunity: Rekha Menon, MD, Accenture India - Economic Times