Government cant discriminate against religious schools, but they can discriminate when they hire teachers | – pennlive.com

In two recent decisions, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the government may not discriminate against private religious schools, but the schools may discriminate against their employees.

Sound troubling? It is. While there is a kernel of logic in each decision, the logic was stretched past the breaking point.

The first case involved a Montana scholarship program that allowed state-subsidized scholarships to be used at private secular schools but not private religious schools. Chief Justice John Roberts, writing for the majority, held that the exclusion of religious schools violated the First Amendments Free Exercise Clause, which he said forbids discrimination against religion.

Here is the kernel of truth in Roberts opinion. There is no doubt that some forms of government discrimination against religion are unconstitutional. For example, the government may not favor one religion over another, such as by giving benefits to Buddhists but not Protestants or Jews. Likewise, the government may not favor secular institutions over religious if the discrimination reflects hostility toward religion. The court would not allow a municipality to provide police, fire and sewer services only to secular institutions and not religious.

Difficulties arise only because there is another religion clause in the First Amendment, the Establishment Clause, which requires separation between church and state. The framers included this clause to help the country avoid the religious strife that engulfed Europe for centuries when religious and political power were aligned. To maintain this separation of church and state, our American tradition has been that churches rely on voluntary support from their adherents, not on taxpayer money. As the Supreme Court famously said in 1947, No tax in any amount, large or small, can be levied to support any religious activities or institutions.

The Montana case fell where the Free Exercise and Establishment Clauses collide. Roberts emphasized the Free Exercise Clause nondiscrimination value, holding that Montana could not exclude religious schools from the scholarship program because the schools were being disqualified solely because of their religious character. Justice Stephen Breyers dissent emphasized the Establishment Clause church/state separation value, arguing that government money should not fund sectarian religious education.

You can decide for yourself whether taxpayer money should be used to teach Catholic students about the existence of the Holy Trinity or Muslim students about the Prophet Muhammads revelations. Even if you think this use of public funds is proper, you might still think Roberts decision is problematic when paired with the Courts second recent religious school decision.

In that case, the question was whether religious school teachers can sue their institutions for discrimination based on race, age, sex or disability. One teacher alleged she was terminated because of her age. Another alleged she was fired because of her disability (she had breast cancer and had requested a leave of absence to obtain treatment). In both instances, the majority of justices said the teachers could not sue the schools for discrimination.

Sound outlandish? Maybe, but here again there is a kernel of logic. Surely everyone would agree that the government may not dictate whom a congregation may hire as its religious leader. For example, even though churches are not exempt from sex discrimination laws, a church is still allowed to discriminate against women when selecting a priest. Indeed, it would be an egregious infringement on church autonomy if government regulated employment decisions about a churchs minister.

In the second religious school case, the court concluded that this same ministerial exception applies to employment decisions about religious schoolteachers. After all, these teachers often act like ministers; they teach religious doctrine and frequently engage in religious rituals. Even a math teacher may be required to convey religious values. Consequently, the court held that these teachers, like ministers, are barred from bringing discrimination claims against their employers. This was true even if the teachers claimed that they were fired because of their age, disability, or race and not because they ineffectively taught calculus, French or the catechism.

Justice Sonia Sotomayor decried the majoritys decision in her written dissent. She said that the majority allowed religious school employers to discriminate because of a persons skin color, age, disability, sex, or any other protected trait so long as the employers claim that the employees duties included carrying out the mission of the church.

Bottom line: Religious schools must not be discriminated against when government benefits are being distributed, but the schools may discriminate against their teachers with impunity.

It is the Golden Rule, just turned on its head: Do unto others what may not be done unto to you.

Alan Garfield is a professor at Widener University Delaware Law School.

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Government cant discriminate against religious schools, but they can discriminate when they hire teachers | - pennlive.com

TSM: The US Dollar Halted the Tech Rally – StockNews.com

Recently, technology stock shares went down in value. The stocks didnt drop that much, but they had done so well for so long, even despite the pandemic, that it was a bit of a shock to Wall Street.

In particular, a few major tech stocks got hit the hardest. Im speaking of the Big Five: Apple, Amazon, Google, Microsoft, and Facebook. Not only are these stocks very large, but theyve done very well. As a result, the Big Five have had a massive impact on the stock market in general, and the tech market in particular.

In fact, thanks to the tech falloff, the Nasdaq Composite had its first back-to-back losses in 48 trading days. Thats a remarkable run.

So, what caused the tech stocks to fall? There are many reasons for the move, but I want to highlight one of the major reasons the U.S. dollar.

Thats right, we can blame the greenback. At Barrons, Ben Levisohn makes this point well. The truth is that the dollar hasnt been doing that well compared to other currencies. On top of that, it looks like the Federal Reserve is going to keep interest rates on the floor for some time. That means that less capital will be flowing to dollar-dominated assets, which has a major impact on how people invest.

Dollar Index (DXY)

First, let me say I dont believe anything is wrong with the dollar. The recent change is due to the natural flow of the market. Few investors even think of the dollar until it becomes an issue, but investors need to understand how the dynamic works. Just recently, the Dollar Index (DXY) fell to 94.36its lowest level in two years.

Why? Well, part of the reason is that the euro finally rallied , thanks to the big stimulus planned by the European Union. The EU is famously fractious, so it was impressive to see the member nations come together and agree on a program.

Of course, a weak dollar isnt all bad, especially for U.S. consumers. Sure, a lower greenback makes it more expensive to buy foreign-made stuff, but its good news for stuff made here. Domestic manufactures love a weak dollar.

Investors need to understand that a lower dollar does a few important things. For example, it raises inflation expectations. This is important to consumer spending patterns. A lower dollar tends to boost cyclical stocks and it makes foreign goods more expensive. Oftentimes the dollar can make a move that has little to do with the Federal Reserve and prospects for interest rates.

Bear in mind that these are all generalities. The market sometimes has a mind of its own. As Sir Isaac Newton said: I can calculate the movement of stars, but not the madness of menthats certainly true, and its a golden rule on Wall Street.

Speaking of gold: along with the weaker dollar, weve seen the price for gold rally to an all-time high. Earlier this week, the precious metal finally took out its high from nine years ago.

In Barrons, Levisohn writes: A weaker dollar is something that President Donald Trump had wanted Fed Chair Jerome Powell to deliver, but the coronavirus did so instead. Just dont expect Powell to say too much. I think that assessment is correct.

A weak dollar has the potential to lead investors into a major rotation. Emerging markets, for example, have badly lagged the U.S. market. The weak dollar could also boost European stocks.

Taiwan Semiconductor (TSM) & Intel (INTC)

To counter the effects of the weak dollar, investors should consider shares of companies based outside the U.S. In particular, you can consider foreign tech companies. One of our favorites in this regard has been on fire of late. Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor (TSM) jumped more than 22% over two days thanks to the news that Intel (INTC) faces production delays. Shares of Taiwan Semiconductor are now up more than 85% since we first added them to our Growth Stock Advisor portfolio. The company is the worlds largest chip foundry.

Related: Trade of the Week: INTC

This has been a very good time for Taiwan Semiconductor. Earlier this month, the company beat Wall Streets earnings estimates and guided high, earning 78 cents per share on sales of $10.38 billion. Thats up from 41 cent per share on sales of $7.75 billion one year ago.

Check out this recent chart:

Im expecting more good news from the company. For the current quarter, Taiwan Semiconductor expects revenue to range between $11.2 billion and $11.5 billion. This is a big increase over last years Q3 sales of $9.4 billion.

Lora Ho Taiwan Semiconductors CFO, said: We expect our business to be supported by strong demand for our industry-leading 5 nanometer and 7 nanometer technologies, driven by 5G smartphones, HPC and [Internet of Things] applications.

If youre looking to diversify your portfolio with a tech stock based outside the U.S., Taiwan Semiconductor is an excellent choice.

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TSM shares fell $0.03 (-0.04%) in after-hours trading Wednesday. Year-to-date, TSM has gained 44.20%, versus a 2.05% rise in the benchmark S&P 500 index during the same period.

Eddy is the editor of Growth Stock Advisor, an investment advisory that focuses on the top growth opportunities for investors. Each issue dissects the best areas that profit from a rapidly-changing business climate. Growth Stock Advisor takes a particular focus on emergent technologies and industries that are disrupting established incumbents. More...

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TSM: The US Dollar Halted the Tech Rally - StockNews.com

COLUMN: The writing’s on the wall: ‘You will be okay’ – Enid News & Eagle

Banksy, the world-famous and superbly talented graffiti artist, once said, People say graffiti is ugly, irresponsible and childish but thats only if its done properly.

Graffiti, it seems, is everywhere these days. In our little town it is mostly seen on the sides of train cars passing by as we sit fuming at a railroad crossing, watching our precious time ebb away along with our gasoline and our patience.

We are lucky that Enid is blessed with a great deal of street art, from innovative installations like Under Her Wing Was the Universe and Lazy Circles, to colorful murals painted on the sides of local businesses.

But these pieces have been well-planned, meticulously executed. They dont have the deliciously illicit feel and spontaneity of true street art.

There is one piece of graffiti that caught my eye the other day. Its located not far from my house, painted on a concrete barrier on a bridge that became infamous a few years ago for collapsing just after an Enid Fire Department truck passed over it.

There are no drawings accompanying this particular piece of street art, only text.

It says, simply, You will be okay, with the word will, underlined as if for emphasis. Just a side note, the proper spelling of the term is OK, according to the Associated Press Stylebook that for as long as I have been in the business has been the gold standard for newspapers everywhere. But the word painted on the bridge barrier is spelled out okay, so thats what Ill use.

Reading the words as I drove by set me to thinking, who was the artist talking about, or to? Was that sentiment directed at a specific person or group, or was that a blanket statement meant to reassure all who view it?

You will be okay. Its a comforting thought, reassuring, soothing, a lifeline to cling to as the rolling waves of anxiety and uncertainty continue their inexorable pounding on the shore of our sense of well-being.

The world, it seems, is going out of its way to make us feel not okay these days.

The pandemic seemed to be coming under some semblance of control while the world was still locked down tight, but now that states have reopened it is increasing its germ-y grip on our nations health and wellness.

So businesses and churches have reopened, and some, though not all, are requiring those entering their doors to don masks. And that has sparked further division in a nation already bifurcated along so many lines red or blue, right or left, mustard or ketchup, Fox News or MSNBC.

Into this divisive morass has come the issue of mask vs. no mask, not to mention debate over whether or not to take a vaccine that has yet to be developed. Many states and cities have made masks mandatory, but not ours. I for one am tired of getting scornful, often resentful looks from non-maskers while venturing out these days.

You will be okay. Will we? Will our economy rebound from the effects of the lockdown, which slowed but did not stop the acceleration of COVID-19?

Probably what we need is another national lockdown and stay at home mandate to stem the recent rise in coronavirus cases, but what would that do to our way of life? The government is already printing money so fast our greenbacks are in danger of become less valuable than the toilet paper that was the target of hoarders in the early days of the pandemic.

You will be okay. Will we? Will we ever get back to normal, or what passed for normal when we last rang in a new year? Will we ever be able to stop looking over our shoulders at a threat we cant even see without a high-powered microscope? We wash, we wipe, we disinfect, we stay home until we fear we will go mad then we venture out with a mask and gloves and still we wonder, where is it, was I exposed to it today?

You will be okay. Will we? And if we are will that mean we all will be okay, or just the white folks? The death of George Floyd sparked a national upheaval, a movement that has brought our nations deep-seated latent racism into the harsh glare of public attention.

Black Lives Matter has become a phrase that elicits pride in some and scorn in others. All lives matter, some say and indeed they do but if Black lives dont matter, then no lives matter that is the point of the term.

You will be okay. Will we? Well, the Bible says we will. Psalm 118:6-7 says, The Lord is on my side; I will not be afraid. What can mere mortals do to me?

We have come through difficult times before, times of war and famine, pestilence and drought, hatred and division, rioting and civil unrest, and yes, even pandemic, and we are still standing.

So yes, I think we will be okay, if we realize that while we may not be in the same boat we are in the same storm, if we will simply strive to be kind, generous, forgiving, loving and understanding, if we will stop worrying so much about gold and more about the Golden Rule.

You will be okay, just keep reminding yourself of that.

We are making critical coverage of the coronavirus available for free. Please consider subscribing so we can continue to bring you the latest news and information on this developing story.

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COLUMN: The writing's on the wall: 'You will be okay' - Enid News & Eagle

Germ Warfare

AUDIOBOOK

Germs. They are too small to see with the naked eye, but they have killed more human beings than all the wars in history.

Before humans even knew that germs caused disease, they knew disease could be a weapon of war.

Germ Warfare traces the long, brutal story of those microscopic weapons. From the infected arrows of Bronze Age archers, to the plague factories of World War 2, up through the biological arms race of the Cold War into our modern age of genetically manipulated terrorism.

This graphic history is both a lesson from the past and a warning for the future. It reminds us never to take public health for granted, because we never know when, or how, the next pandemic will rise.

Max Brooks is the author of the novels World War Z, Minecraft: The Island and the graphic novel The Harlem Hellfighters. He is a non resident fellow at the Modern War Institute at West Point and the Atlantic Councils Brent Scowcroft Center for Strategy and Security.

The Bipartisan Commission on Biodefense was established in 2014 to comprehensively assess U.S. biodefense efforts and issue recommendations to foster change. The Commissions 2015 report, A National Blueprint for Biodefense: Leadership and Major Reform needed to Optimize Efforts, identified capability gaps and recommended changes to U.S. policy and law to strengthen national biodefense while optimizing resource investments. Former Senator Joe Lieberman and former Governor Tom Ridge co-chair the Commission, and are joined by former Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle, former Representative Jim Greenwood, former Homeland Security Advisor Ken Wainstein, and former Homeland Security and Counterterrorism Advisor Lisa Monaco. Hudson Institute is the Commissions fiscal sponsor.

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Germ Warfare

Germ Warfare | Night in the Woods Wiki | Fandom

"You'll never half catch me, half coppaaaaah!!!- Germ at MaeJeremy WartonNickname(s)

Germ, Germ Warfare

Jeremy Warton, more commonly known as 'Germ Warfare', is a character in the game Night in the Woods.

Germ is a dark blue bird with a yellow beak and very dark navy eyes. He wears black jeans, black canvas sneakers, a black nylon jacket (zipped up), and a black hat.[1]

Germ can be found just past the Clik Clak Diner near the abandoned Food Donkey during and after the foggy day. Talking to him everyday and hanging out when asked will grant the achievement "He's From Somewhere". Germ will mention that at some point in his life he was chosen as a sacrifice for the cult and was stalked by a member of it.

Germ had a brother who has passed away. When Mae talks to him about the ghost she saw during Harfest, Germ tells her he doesn't believe in ghosts. Mae asks him why not and he tells her that he figures if ghosts existed his brother would have visited. Embarrassed, Mae drops the subject.

Germ is seen living in the woods "in a tree". You never actually see his real house in the game until the Weird Autumn edition update was released.The well he saves the main gang from in the last chapter is apparently in his backyard.

Germ seems to care a lot about nature and the environment. He talks about foliage overgrowing the Food Donkey parking lot someday and adamantly insists on riding his bicycle over drivingas it's better for the environment.

Germ's house shown in deleted content sourced out from the game's files.

Germ and Gregg in Gregg's place

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Germ Warfare | Night in the Woods Wiki | Fandom

US military released bacteria to test biological warfare …

On September 20, 1950, a US Navy ship just off the coast of San Francisco used a giant hose to spray a cloud of microbes into the air and into the city's famous fog. The military was testing how a biological weapon attack would affect the 800,000 residents of the city.

The people of San Francisco had no idea.

The Navy continued the tests for seven days, potentially causing at least one death. It was one of the first large-scale biological weapon trials that would be conducted under a "germ warfare testing program" that went on for 20 years, from 1949 to 1969. The goal "was to deter [the use of biological weapons] against the United States and its allies and to retaliate if deterrence failed," the government explained later. "Fundamental to the development of a deterrent strategy was the need for a thorough study and analysis of our vulnerability to overt and covert attack."

Of the 239 known tests in that program, San Francisco was notable for two reasons, according to Dr. Leonard Cole, who documented the episode in his book "Clouds of Secrecy: The Army's Germ Warfare Tests Over Populated Areas."

Cole, now the director of the Terror Medicine and Security Program at Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, tells BusinessInsider that this incident was "notable: first, because it was really early in the program ... but also because of the extraordinary coincidence that took place at Stanford Hospital, beginning days after the Army's tests had taken place."

Hospital staff were so shocked at the appearance of a patient infected with a bacteria, Serratia marcescens, that had never been found in the hospital and was rare in the area, that they published an article about it in a medical journal. The patient, Edward Nevin, died after the infection spread to his heart.

Bacillus subtilis, then known as Bacillus globigii, was one pathogen that was used in testing. WMrapids/Wikimedia Commons

S. marcescens was one of the two types of bacteria the Navy ship had sprayed over the Bay Area.

It wasn't until the 1970s that Americans, as Cole wrote in the book, "learned that for decades they had been serving as experimental animals for agencies of their government."

San Francisco wasn't the first or the last experiment on citizens who hadn't given informed consent.

Other experiments involved testing mind-altering drugs on unsuspecting citizens. In one shocking, well-known incident, government researchers studied the effects of syphilis on black Americans without informing the men that they had the disease they were told they had "bad blood." Researchers withheld treatment after it became available so they could continue studying the illness, despite the devastating and life-threatening implications of doing so for the men and their families.

But it was the germ warfare tests that Cole focused on.

"All these other tests, while terrible, they affected people counted in the hundreds at most," he says. "But when you talk about exposing millions of people to potential harm, by spreading around certain chemicals or biological agents, the quantitative effect of that is just unbelievable."

"Every one of the [biological and chemical] agents the Army used had been challenged" by medical reports, he says, despite the Army's contention in public hearings that they'd selected "harmless simulants" of biological weapons.

"They're all considered pathogens now," Cole says.

Here are some of the other difficult-to-believe germ warfare experiments that occurred during this dark chapter in US history. These tests were documented in Cole's book and verified by Business Insider using congressional reports and archived news articles.

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US military released bacteria to test biological warfare ...

Nuclear Weapons: Action Needed to Address the W80-4 Warhead Program’s Schedule Constraints – Government Accountability Office

What GAO Found

The National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), a separately organized agency within the Department of Energy (DOE), has identified a range of risks facing the W80-4 nuclear warhead life extension program (LEP)including risks related to developing new technologies and manufacturing processes as well as reestablishing dormant production capabilities. NNSA is managing these risks using a variety of processes and tools, such as a classified risk database. However, NNSA has introduced potential risk to the program by adopting a date (September 2025) for the delivery of the program's first production unit (FPU) that is more than 1 year earlier than the date projected by the program's own schedule risk analysis process (see figure). NNSA and Department of Defense (DOD) officials said that they adopted the September 2025 date partly because the National Defense Authorization Act for fiscal year 2015 specifies that NNSA must deliver the first warhead unit by the end of fiscal year 2025, as well as to free up resources for future LEPs. However, the statute allows DOE to obtain an extension, and, according to best practices identified in GAO's prior work, program schedules should avoid date constraints that do not reflect program realities. Adopting an FPU date more consistent with the date range identified as realistic in the W80-4 program's schedule risk analysis, or justifying an alternative date based on other factors, would allow NNSA to better inform decision makers and improve alignment between schedules for the W80-4 program and DOD's long-range standoff missile (LRSO) program.

W80-4 Life Extension Program Phases and Milestone Dates

NNSA substantially incorporated best practices in developing the preliminary lifecycle cost estimate for the W80-4 LEP, as reflected in the LEP's weapon design and cost report. GAO assessed the W80-4 program's cost estimate of $11.2 billion against the four characteristics of a high quality, reliable cost estimate: comprehensive, well-documented, accurate, and credible. To develop a comprehensive cost estimate, NNSA instituted processes to help ensure consistency across the program. The program also provided detailed documentation to substantiate its estimate and assumptions. To help ensure accuracy, the cost estimate drew on historic data from prior LEPs. Finally, to support a credible estimate, NNSA reconciled the program estimate with an independent cost estimate. GAO considers a cost estimate to be reliable if the overall assessment ratings for each of the four characteristics are substantially or fully metas was the case with the W80-4 program's cost estimate in its weapon design and cost report, which substantially met each characteristic.

To maintain and modernize the U.S. nuclear arsenal, NNSA and DOD conduct LEPs. In 2014, they began an LEP to produce a warhead, the W80-4, to be carried on the LRSO missile. In February 2019, NNSA adopted an FPU delivery date of fiscal year 2025 for the W80-4 LEP, at an estimated cost of about $11.2 billion over the life of the program.

The explanatory statement accompanying the 2018 appropriation included a provision for GAO to review the W80-4 LEP. This report examines, among other objectives, (1) the risks NNSA has identified for the W80-4 LEP, and processes it has established to manage them, and (2) the extent to which NNSA's lifecycle cost estimate for the LEP aligned with best practices. GAO reviewed NNSA's risk management database and other program information; visited four NNSA sites; interviewed NNSA and DOD officials; and assessed the program's cost estimate using best practices established in prior GAO work.

GAO is making two recommendations, including that NNSA adopt a W80-4 program FPU delivery date based on the program's schedule risk analysis, or document its justification for not doing so. NNSA generally disagreed with GAO's recommendations. GAO continues to believe that its recommendations are valid, as discussed in the report.

For more information, contact Allison B. Bawden at (202) 512-3841 or bawdena@gao.gov.

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Nuclear Weapons: Action Needed to Address the W80-4 Warhead Program's Schedule Constraints - Government Accountability Office

Buffalo Teachers Federation calls for extension to submit school reopening plans – WKBW-TV

BUFFALO (WKBW) The Buffalo Teachers Federation is calling for more time to submit school reopening plans. The BTF has applied for an extension according to a release sent out by the organization on Wednesday. As of now all school districts must submit a reopening plan to the New York State Education Department by Friday, July 31st.

We are considering educational issues and plans that, if not done correctly, will result in the loss of lives and permanent physical harm to students, parents, school staff and the community, as well as the deadly spread of the COVID-19 virus., said Phil Rumore, President of the BTF in a statement.

Rumore says the BTF is calling for specifics on the reopening plan including:

The BTF is also asking that the curriculum for all grades and subjects be revised for distance learning. "Teaching all students in a classroom is not the same as distance learning." the BTF said in a release. "We must also be prepared for the unfortunate need for a complete pause in any in-school learning."

The BTF also called for:

The BTF also says the organization took issue with the school districts reopening actions claiming that reopening committees "only met 6 times for about an hour or hour and a half"

As I have said previously, if you make a decision that results in the death or serious physical harm to someone, you should have to explain that decision to that persons family. You can make up for lost education; however, you cant bring someone back to life., Rumore concluded.

Thursday, the BTF called for the removal of district administrators in charge of the district's "reopening committee," the ending of secrecy, the real involvement of stakeholders and a state investigation of the districts procedures.

The BTF released the following statement regarding the matter:

Unlike school districts across Erie County, who have made reopening plans available to their stakeholders and community, held virtual community meetings and worked with all stakeholders to develop a reopening plan for their schools, the Buffalo Public School District: Shrouded its plans in secrecy by first labeling them Confidential and then two (2) days before they were to be submitted to the Governor, refused to allow the District Reopening Committee, Stakeholders, and public see them!"

In response to the claims by the BTF, Dr. Darren Brown Hall, Buffalo Board of Education Superintendent's Chief of Staff, released the following statement:

"If Mr. Rumore put as much effort into writing press releases as he would to provide some supportive suggestions for reopening, I believe we can get somewhere with Mr. Rumore. If we've 'had since March' Im sure Mr. Rumore has great suggestions and great input that hes been holding onto since March that he can provide us then. Nothing but critique and criticism. Thats all weve received from Mr. Rumore."

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Buffalo Teachers Federation calls for extension to submit school reopening plans - WKBW-TV

Daylilies offer many different shapes and colors | County Life – YourGV.com

(This is the second part of a two-part series)

The true lilies Lilium are in the Liliaceae family as are daylilies.

In Herbaceous Perennial Plants, Allan Armitage lists 16 species and five related species. Many of these species have cultivars and hybrids. Four of these species are native to parts of the eastern United States: Wood Lily, L. philadelphicum, Turks Cap Lily L superbum, Canada Lily L canadense, Pot of Gold Lily L. iridollae and Carolina Lily, L. michauxii. According to Armitage, the Asian lilies seem to be happy in the eastern United States. The group of European species is mostly happy in the Northwest.

The flowers of the true lilies are similar to daylilies, but the foliage is completely different. Where daylilies are a mound of strappy leaves, true lilies have a main stalk off which the leaves emerge. The blooms last for a few weeks and most are very fragrant.

When I finished horticulture school and moved permanently to Virginia, my husband wanted a lobster for his 60th birthday so off to Nova Scotia we went. We were scouting out a lunch spot and happened upon a distillery and lodge so drove in. I admit the food was wonderful, and my husband so enjoyed the scotch that couldnt be called scotch because it was made in New Scotland we ended up staying the night. At breakfast we smelled something so wonderful, and Bill pointed to a flower arrangement and right there in the center was a Stargazer Lily.

Indeed, these fragrant lilies are often used in floral arrangements and youll want to bury your face in them. You will come up with an orange nose. This makes it the bane of funeral directors. Often the arranger will snip off the pollen-bearing anther to save their dark clothes. I found a bag of Stargazer bulbs in Costco one fall. I have planted them in places where my husband and I sit so we can enjoy the aroma. The Stargazer was hybridized by Lelie Woodriff in the late 1970s. It was a cross of L. auratum-speciosum with an unspecified species and gets its name by its upward facing flowers.

True lilies are mainly grown from bulbs. After blooming, you may cut off the spent bloom but do not cut the leaves or main stem. The bulb needs this to feed it for next seasons bloom. In David Culps book The Layered Garden he suggests planting bulbs near the back of the garden so other plants can hide the dying foliage. These lilies go from 4- to 6-feet tall, so the flowers will pop through shorter plants in front. I do not find the Stargazer lilies picky about much, except they hate wet feet. Plant them in full sun and a rule of thumb with bulbs is to plant three times as deep as the size of the bulb.

In his book Garden Bulbs of the South, Scott Ogden warns that some lilies are very exacting in their requirements. They want a certain type of soil, and since some are from woodlands they want shade. He offers some encouragement that most of the trumpet-shaped lilies of the Far East thrive in the South. So, it is important to do your homework before purchasing. In Herbaceous Perennial Plants, Armitage in his list of 16 species labels each with ease of growth. Six are labeled difficult or medium difficult. The species listed as easy are Madonna Lily L. candidum, Henry Lily L. henryii, Regal Lily L. regale, Speciosum Lily L.speciosum, American Turks Cap Lily L. superbum and Tiger Lily L. tigrinum. These species and their cultivars and hybrids would be a good starting place.

As with daylilies there are many colors from which to choose and many different bloom shapes. If you do your research, you should find early bloomers, regular bloomers in June and July for Southside and also late-season bloomers. As my perennial plant instructor Michael said, there is a lily for every garden situation and planting six or seven together makes a statement.

While we are all still practicing social distancing due to COVID-19, and all Halifax County buildings are closed to the public, if you have gardening questions, you can best reach an extension master gardener or extension staff member by sending an email to wmccaleb@vt.edu or ask@ssmga.org. If you cant email, you can call and leave a message at the Extension Master Gardener Help Desk at 434-830-3383, giving us your name, telephone number and nature of the call. The help desk phone is checked timely and someone will get back to you, although it may be from a different telephone number. Keep washing your hands, wear your mask and treat yourself to some amazing true lilies.

Cornell is a Southside Master Gardener with the Virginia Cooperative Extension.

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Daylilies offer many different shapes and colors | County Life - YourGV.com

Congressional oversight of homeland missile defense plans increase in FY21 defense policy bills – DefenseNews.com

WASHINGTON Congress is establishing increased oversight of the Missile Defense Agencys plans for its homeland missile defense system designed to protect against possible intercontinental ballistic missile threats from North Korea and Iran through provisions in the House and Senate passed versions of the fiscal 2021 National Defense Authorization Act.

Displeased with the abrupt cancellation of the agencys major upgrade to interceptors in the ground at Fort Greely, Alaska, and Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, lawmakers are demanding the agency show its work on its plan to build an entirely new interceptor for the Ground-based Midcourse Defense System (GMD). It also wants more details on the agency plan to develop an underlay of additional regional missile defense systems to bolster GMD.

MDA announced in May 2019 that it would pause its plans to develop and field a Redesigned Kill Vehicle (RKV) essentially the warhead of the GMD systems interceptors due to technical issues. Then the Pentagons under-secretary of defense for research and engineering subsequently scrapped the program in August 2019 in favor of designing a brand new interceptor.

Ending the program was the responsible thing to do, Mike Griffin said at the time. He resigned from his post at the Pentagon earlier this month.

Griffins decision to abruptly cancel the RKV program without congressional notification ahead of time created a serious rift with lawmakers. And the House Armed Services Committee even recommended moving the MDA outside of Griffins control.

The agency also unveiled plans in its FY21 budget request in February to create a more layered homeland defense system that would include regional missile defense capability already resident with the Navy and Army to bolster homeland defense against ICBMs.

The plan would include establishing layers of defensive capability relying on the Aegis Weapon System, particularly the SM-3 Block IIA missiles used in the system, and a possible Aegis Ashore system in Hawaii. The underlay also would include the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) system. The Army is already operating a THAAD battery in South Korea and Guam.

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Lawmakers were less than thrilled with the sudden cancellation of the RKV program and were dissatisfied with Griffins projections that a new interceptor wouldnt be ready until the 2030s. The MDA director has since said its possible to field the next generation interceptor by 2028.

The Senate Armed Services Committees version of the bill includes a provision requiring the agency to develop an interim Ground-based Interceptor (GBI) for the GMD system.

The interim interceptor would meet current proposed capabilities of the RKV and use existing technologies for the kill vehicle and the booster. It also requires 20 of the interim interceptors be delivered by 2026 after rigorous flight testing, according to the legislation.

The SASC language includes waivers to get out of development effort. These include if the technology isnt feasible, if the capability is not in the national security interest of the United States and if the NGI can be fielded faster. To seek a waiver, the defense secretary must issue a report to the relevant congressional committees explaining why the waiver is needed along with an updated schedule.

In the House version of the defense policy bill, lawmakers arent asking for an interim interceptor, but they are requiring that MDA notify congressional defense committees within a week if any changes are made to the requirements for the NGI.

The agency would also be required to brief congress within two weeks of awarding a contract for the interceptor.

House lawmakers also want a report within three months of the passage of the bill that seeks an explanation of how existing contracts for GMD could be used to improve and sustain the current kill vehicle and boosters, a plan for a service life extension program, how much it would cost and a schedule to produce boosters for 20 additional interceptors by 2026 as well as an analysis of policy implications.

The bill also requires the Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation (CAPE) office to conduct an independent cost assessment of the NGI program and have it validated by the Office of the Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, which has been mulled as a future home for the MDA.

Two successful flight tests of NGI are also mandated as part of the House version of the bill and a briefing of the test results to congressional defense committees, including a rundown of how operationally realistic the tests were, should be delivered before any initial production decision for the interceptor.

The agencys FY21 budget did not lay out a clear plan for what an underlay for ballistic missile defense for the homeland might look like, so the SASC is also limiting half of the appropriated funding for the underlay until a report is submitted on a strategy to build such an architecture. The report should include analysis of requirements and capabilities and an assessment of basing and sites for the assets within the underlay.

On the House side, lawmakers want an analysis of alternatives on using THAAD and Aegis for homeland ballistic missile defense. That analysis should cover sensors that would be used, an assessment of locations to provide similar coverage to the GMD system, acquisition objectives for interceptors and what command-and-control aspects need to be improved.

The report should also include manning, training and sustainment, a schedule for establishing the underlay, lifecycle cost estimates and a comparison of capabilities with additional GMD sites.

The provision includes a requirement for another report by the Defense Intelligence Agency on reactions from adversaries and potential responses to those reactions.

Together, these half dozen legislative provisions mark a bipartisan and bicameral vote of no confidence in one persons ability to assemble and communicate a short, medium, and long-term plan for the future of homeland missile defense, Tom Karako, a missile defense analyst at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, told Defense News. But circumstances have recently changed, and the dust is settling.

Link:

Congressional oversight of homeland missile defense plans increase in FY21 defense policy bills - DefenseNews.com

The end is near? Why some Latter-day Saints (hey, it’s in their church’s name) and others think it is. – Salt Lake Tribune

The world was supposed to end Wednesday, a doomsaying Latter-day Saint couple in Idaho predicted, and usher in the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.

If youre reading this, however, you know that the Earth continues to turn, with no sign of the Christian Savior.

No matter how discredited the Daybells are, though, there are still hundreds if not thousands of Latter-day Saints and other believers who are looking for signs of the prophesied apocalypse and insist it is imminent.

Some, in fact, calculate that the end will come sometime in July or August, based on their interpretation of scriptures.

Even without these extraordinary circumstances, the very name of the Utah-based faith The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints proclaims that these are latter days.

And church President Russell M. Nelson, though not giving a date, has referenced the Second Coming more than his immediate predecessors.

For her part, Mormon prognosticator Julie Rowe, who lays claim to visionary powers herself, dismisses the Daybell prophecy.

Ive asked the Lord over and over, but nothing is coming, she says in a phone interview. Chad Daybell is deceived.

Daybell was Rowes publisher and friend for years, but she says he now has given into lust and greed.

From that day to this, Blythe says, the church has steadfastly preached that it existed in the last days, but the end was always described as a generation or more away.

Things are going to move forward at an accelerated pace, he told the Church News. The church is going to have an unprecedented future, unparalleled. Were just building up to whats ahead now.

This is a hinge point in the history of the church, Nelson wrote, and your part is vital.

We are just building up to the climax of this last dispensation when the Saviors Second Coming becomes a reality, the 95-year-old leader said, reminding the faithful that a necessary prelude ... is the long-awaited gathering of scattered Israel.

Nelson then described Christs triumphant reign.

He will govern from two world capitals: one in old Jerusalem and the other in the New Jerusalem built upon the American continent, the Latter-day Saint leader said. From these centers, he will direct the affairs of his church and kingdom. Another temple will yet be built in Jerusalem. The earth will be returned to its paradisiacal state and be made new. There will be a new heaven and a new earth.

Nelson gave no timing for these events, though.

That hasnt stopped some members who have had dreams or visions, or spent years trying to piece together scriptural clues, from seeking safe spaces to have these conversations, the scholar explains, whether in small pockets of family members or small like-minded groups.

And now, more than ever, on the internet.

At first blush, these world watchers appear to be committed Latter-day Saints loyal to the institution and tradition, says Lindsay Hansen Park, executive director of the Sunstone Education Foundation.

The more radical interpretations of Mormon scripture they embrace are tolerated by local lay leaders, says Park, because they form in geographical pockets where the groundwork for extreme ideas has already been seeded.

Western Latter-day Saints, including the Cliven Bundy clan, often embrace libertarian rural values, she says, because issues of sovereignty and range wars are deeply tied to faith for many in the area.

Similar veins run within the Latter-day Saint mainstream in Utah, Nevada, Arizona and Idaho, says Park, who hosts a podcast, Year of Polygamy, that traces breakaway sects within the Mormon tradition.

These movements attract Latter-day Saints, Park says, because they get more theological autonomy in a tradition that promises the possibility of mystical experiences and spiritual gifts.

They are largely influenced by both popular American Christian culture (energy work, essential oils, Christian mysticism, survivalism), she says, and by the red-scare preachings of former church President Ezra Taft Benson and John Birch Society advocate Cleon Skousen.

Benson, U.S. secretary of agriculture under Dwight Eisenhower and later the churchs 13th president, grew up on a farm in Idaho. Through the years, he became increasingly convinced of Cold War conspiracies and doomsday scenarios.

Bensons apostolic status led many members to believe his ideas were endorsed by the church, Harris says, as if they represented a mainstream position rather than the fringe.

Despite being regularly rebuked by other church authorities, including Presidents David O. McKay, Joseph Fielding Smith, Harold B. Lee and Spencer W. Kimball, says the scholar who teaches history at Colorado State University-Pueblo, Benson continued to call the civil rights movement a communist plot.

His end times warnings about the United Nations, a new world order and the need to arm against a police state to protect the Constitution were passed down to each new generation.

Whats new in todays apocalyptic movement, Harris says, is the inclusion of near-death revelatory experiences, which can be compelling and hard to control.

In 2014, Rowe, a Mormon mother of three in Kansas City, Mo., detailed her near-death experience a decade earlier in A Greater Tomorrow: My Journey Beyond the Veil. She writes that she visited the afterlife and saw visions of the past and future.

The book took off, she says, selling more than 60,000 copies, and Rowe became a sought-after speaker.

LDS Church headquarters received so many inquiries about Rowe that church officials sent a letter to administrators and teachers in the Church Educational System, saying that her book was not endorsed by the church and that her experiences do not necessarily reflect church doctrine, or they may distort doctrine.

Still, her popularity ballooned as she continued to publish books with Spring Creek Book Co. in Rexburg, Idaho, run by Chad Daybell.

That conference was the beginning of the end of her friendship with Daybell, Rowe says. I saw a lot of red flags.

But the charismatic prepper continues to expand her efforts to include several podcasts, a nonprofit dedicated to creating safe houses for those needing refuge, and one-on-one energy therapies.

On May 26, 2019, Rowe announced on her podcast that she was excommunicated from the church for apostasy, teaching false doctrine, priestcraft, and defaming the good name of the church, Blythe reports in his book, and that she said it was the work of corrupt men who had infiltrated Latter-day Saint leadership.

She prophesied that church leaders would eventually visit her where she would be living in Idaho after the destruction in Salt Lake City, Blythe writes, and seek her forgiveness.

Since then, though, he says other apocalyptic groups especially AVOW (Another Voice of Warning), which has some 20,000 online followers have distanced themselves from Rowe in hopes of staying close to the church.

Even so, Rowe presses on with what she sees as her mission: to warn people and help them discern what is coming:

That includes a bigger earthquake next year along the Wasatch Front (I had a vision of the [March 18] Salt Lake earthquake and the trumpet falling off Angel Moronis statue), another pandemic in the fall, the U.S. eventually being enslaved to a new world order, and two-thirds of the planets people perishing.

Lucifer is behind it, Rowe declares. He [and] a 13-man council (the puppet masters) headquartered in Switzerland are orchestrating everything.

Police sources in Rexburg say Daybells friends were told that the beginning of the end would happen July 22.

Vallow and Daybell married weeks after Daybells wife died and the jailed mother told Gibb there was going to be an earthquake that was going to hit so large in Utah by the end of 2019 that (people) wouldnt notice anything in her personal life going on, Gibb says in the interview. Lori often mentioned the world would end in 2020, and Jesus Christ would return to the earth. She based this belief on scriptural study and research.

On Wednesday, lots of former Daybell devotees gleefully posted on social media, Marked Safe from the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.

Other Latter-day Saints, though, still have an explanation for why the summer of 2020 might be an auspicious date for the beginning of the end. It is based on the oft-cited seven seals described in the Bibles Book of Revelation.

If a day in Gods time is a thousand human years, then the earth has a temporal existence of 7,000 years, it says in the LDS Churchs Doctrine and Covenants Section 77. The seventh seal was opened in 2000, so this analysis goes.

Yet, the opening of the seventh seal was not the only clue for end times events, Blythe notes in a post on his website. The Book of Revelation does not present the Second Coming occurring alongside the opening of the seventh seal.

He notes that the scriptural passage continues: And when he had opened the seventh seal, there was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour.

Doing the math, if a half-hour of Gods time equals 20.8 earth years, that would bring the date closer to August.

Latter-day Saints continue to be intrigued by trying to uncover the meanings in Mormon and biblical apocalyptic verses especially amid COVID-19.

A YouTube video aimed at Latter-day Saints uses many of these scriptures to build a timeline full of solar eclipses and speculations about times of tribulation and its been viewed more than 636,000 times.

Five months ago, most Latter-day Saints would have ignored the altogether, Blythe says. Now [it] has a huge audience.

David Gillmore, who runs LDS Prepper in Shelley, Idaho, has sold more of his products water filtration systems, plant food, 10-inch can sealers, organic seed banks and gardening course books in the past eight weeks than all of 2019.

Noah was the first prepper, the amiable Gillmore quips, prepper with a purpose.

But Gillmore is clear: He is not a doomsday prepper or anticipating Christs imminent return or listening to somebodys dreams or visions about the end of the world.

No, he says, We are preparing for life.

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The end is near? Why some Latter-day Saints (hey, it's in their church's name) and others think it is. - Salt Lake Tribune

‘The Office’: How the Jim-Dwight Rivalry Impacted the Actors’ Off-Screen Relationship – Showbiz Cheat Sheet

Fans of The Office loved seeing Jim Halpert (John Krasinski) romance Dunder Mifflin receptionist Pam Beesly (Jenna Fischer). While the couple brought in a big audience, another duo on the show was also a major draw.

The running rivalry between Jim and Dwight Schrute (Rainn Wilson) helped make The Office must see TV. With the two characters playing complete opposites, Krasinski and Wilson perfected their on-screen personas, which also had an effect on how they interacted off camera.

When producers on The Office began casting calls, Krasinski was originally invited to play Dwight Schrute. Immediately the actor knew it wouldnt be a good fit.

When they asked me to audition for this, they actually sent the sides for Dwight, and there was something very weird, Krasinski told NPR in 2016. There was something in me that just said if I go in, I want to go with my best foot forward. I dont feel like Im Dwight. I feel like Im more Jim.

Apparently Krasinskis choice didnt sit well with producers, who saw the 13 Hours star as the office nerd Dwight. At first they rescinded their offer but fortunately came around to give the actor a chance.

RELATED:The Office: John Krasinski Kept One Memento When He Thought The Show Was Going to be Cancelled and its Not the Teapot

My manager at the time called and said, you know, he doesnt want to go in for Dwight. He wants to go in for Jim, and they said, great, then he wont come in at all, Krasinski recalled. There was about three weeks there where I thought the role was gone, the opportunity was gone. And then they called and they said, OK, he can come in and read for Jim, which was pretty amazing.

Wilson created an iconic character in his portrayal of Dwight. Playing the offbeat salesman with a penchant for Battlestar Galactica, pingpong, survivalism, and karate, Wilson tired of being seen as only the odd beet farmer rather than a versatile actor.

I am not Dwight Schrute, okay? Wilson said in a humorous rant on Crooked Medias Lovett or Leave It podcast. I played a character for 200 episodes, and it was an awesome character, and he was a beet farmer. That doesnt mean you should hand me beets and make beet jokes every time I go into Starbucks and ask if they have like a beet latte or something like that.

Often approached by fans, The Office alum prefers not to be barraged with a plethora of Dwight-isms.

RELATED:John Krasinski May Have Given The Offices Jim and Pam a Shout Out in A Quiet Place

Dont hand me reams of paper, and dont say fact to me, and dont ask me which bear is best, he requested. And thank you for watching the Emmy-winning showThe Office.

Jim frequently played tricks on Dwight, and Dwight would respond by hurling insults at Jim. Krasinski revealed their on-screen sparring gave them a sort of familial relationship.

Ithink the rivalry made us become kind of like brothers, Krasinski said in his NPR interview. Theres that rivalry between brothers, obviously. And its not necessarily competitive. Its just this free spirited thing. I think that we really did become a family on that show.

As brothers often have their share of roughhousing, the script sometimes required Jim and Dwight to tussle, which often resulted in an injury for Krasinski.

RELATED: Why John Krasinski Had To Use His Jim-from-The-Office Power for This Film

Another thing that was funny about Rainn and my relationship was like a brother, one of the things that I got nervous about was play fighting with him because hes a very good actor, Krasinski explained. But I, for some reason, would always end up injured when we did any play fighting. So the producers picked up on this and said, you know, Rainn, really just be fake on this. You know, just try to preserve Johns health.

The brotherly sparring paid off because the Jim-Dwight rivalry remains one of the most beloved in television history.

Read more here:

'The Office': How the Jim-Dwight Rivalry Impacted the Actors' Off-Screen Relationship - Showbiz Cheat Sheet

Alabama’s US Space and Rocket Center may close forever unless it raises $1.5 million in the next 3 months – WTVA

The US Space and Rocket Center has inspired dreams of scientific exploration and space travel for decades. But now, it's in danger of closing its doors for good because of coronavirus pandemic's financial hits.

The museum in Huntsville, Alabama, which houses the legendary Saturn V rocket, is usually the state's top paid tourist attraction. But since the pandemic began it has lost two-thirds of its revenue, according to a news release.

"We are now struggling for our very survival," John Nerger, chairman of the Alabama Space and Science Exhibit Commission, said in a news conference Tuesday.

If the center closes, so would its beloved Space Camp, which has allowed both children and adults from around the world to experience what it's like to be an astronaut.

To prevent this from happening, officials announced the "Save Space Camp" drive with a goal of raising $1.5 million in donations to keep the museum open past October and to reopen Space Camp next April.

And the donations have already been pouring in. As of Wednesday afternoon, the GoFundMe has raised more than $366,000, with people commenting how much the center and Space Camp means to them and their families.

"The summer I spent at Space Academy in the late 90's was a life-changing experience. Please, Save Space Camp! We need more programs like this for young people, more than ever. I am forever grateful for the opportunity, and I hope it can continue to inspire America's kids," one person commented.

Another proud Space Camp alumna? CNN's own Brooke Baldwin.

"I was a Space Camp kid in 1993. I begged and begged and begged my parents to please send me here to Huntsville, Alabama and I got to live my dream," Baldwin said in 2018 when she had the opportunity to return.

"i think at the end of the day, it's about these kids and belief. Space camp believes in them," she added.

Since launching in 1982, Space Camp has been attended by nearly a million people from over 150 countries. It's inspired hundreds of thousands of successful careers in aerospace, engineering, science, education and other fields, organizers said in the news release. 10 Space Camp alumni have even become real astronauts.

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Alabama's US Space and Rocket Center may close forever unless it raises $1.5 million in the next 3 months - WTVA

The Mercury 13: The women who could have been NASA’s first female astronauts – Space.com

The lives of America's first astronauts a group known as the Mercury 7 have been etched into modern-day history. Chronicled in the now-classic 1983 movie "The Right Stuff," based on the 1979 book of the same name by Tom Wolfe, these military test pilots were also all men.

Lesser known is the story of the 13 women who could have qualified for NASA's astronaut program. Dubbed the Mercury 13, these fearless pilots had all the qualifications and experience to be able to compete with and in some cases, outperform their male counterparts. They were simply the wrong gender.

Related: How to become an astronaut

With the Soviet Union's 1957 launch of Sputnik, the first artificial satellite, the space race between the USSR and the United States was officially underway. As U.S. officials worked to develop and bolster the nation's fledgling space program, they decided to begin hiring astronauts who would eventually fly in space.

But how do you hire for a position no one has ever held, and before the United States had even launched an uncrewed satellite into space? According to the Harvard Medicine magazine, officials turned to Dr. William Randolph "Randy" Lovelace, an aerospace physician and the head of NASA's committee on life science, for guidance. Lovelace was in charge of developing physical and mental tests to ensure that astronauts would be able to handle the rigors of operating in microgravity. The testing was incredibly thorough in order to confront all of the known and unknown challenges of space travel.

Related: What it's like to become a NASA astronaut: 10 surprising facts

Lovelace accepted NASA's many astronaut candidates with grace, and put them through his rigorous testing regimes in order to select the best men for the job. But unbeknownst to the agency, Lovelace also decided to conduct his own tests in secret, but on female candidates who also met NASA's astronaut qualifications. The women who qualified were known as the First Lady Astronaut Trainees, or FLATs, and later as the Mercury 13.

The female candidates were hand-picked by Lovelace, and visited his clinic individually or in pairs to complete testing. The women weren't tested as a group, as the Mercury 13 name implies; nor were they officially included in any NASA program. At the time, there was no government-sanctioned program to recruit, test or train women astronauts. Lovelace ran the entire program on his own.

Lovelace started his tests in 1960 with Geraldyn "Jerrie" Cobb, and eventually expanded the program to 25 more female pilots after Cobb's well-documented success. By the end of 1961, a total of 13 women, including Cobb, made the final cut: Myrtle Cagle, Janet Dietrich, Marion Dietrich, Wally Funk, Sarah Gorelick, Jane "Janey" Briggs Hart, Jean Hixson, Rhea Woltman, Gene Nora Stumbough, Irene Leverton, Jerri Sloan and Bernice Steadman.

There were three testing phases that the final selection of astronauts completed. A 2009 review published in the journal Advances in Physiology Training describes the first phase of testing as a grueling spate of physical tests and exams, including complete X-rays, a gynecological exam, electrocardiograms (EKGs) to measure heart rate, electroencephalograms (EEGs) to measure brain activity, other neurological tests, pulmonary exams, tests of oxygen capacity and more.

Related: Women in space: A gallery of firsts

The second phase of testing included psychological screenings, personality tests, additional neurological exams, isolation tests and more. The final phase consisted of flight simulations. Because this was not an official NASA program, these women weren't able to take these tests in a group or even complete phases back-to-back. Instead, the tests were administered over the spring and summer of 1961.

All of the women successfully completed the first phase, and three of the women also completed the second phase. Jerrie Cobb was the only woman to officially finish all three phases, and she scored in the top 2% of all candidates of any gender, outperforming some of the Mercury 7 astronauts. Unfortunately, the FLATs program was canceled in 1962 before many of the women even had the chance to attempt all of the tests.

Funding wasn't the problem, as the FLATs program was privately funded by Jacqueline "Jackie" Cochran, who was a pilot and pioneer in women's aviation. But the ability to actually test these women is ultimately what stopped the program. Lovelace only had the capacity to perform the physical and medical exams at his clinic. The third phase of testing, which involved space simulation, required the use of military facilities. But the government would not allow Lovelace to use military equipment for testing women when NASA had no intention of sending them to space, or even considering women as astronaut candidates at the time. As a result, the FLATs program was canceled.

Despite being denied their opportunity to fly in space, the FLATS are memorable because of their dedication and work toward a more equal future. "The women who took the astronaut medical tests were remarkable for their willingness to try something hard," said Amy Shira Teitel, author of"Fighting for Space: Two Pilots and Their Historic Battle for Female Spaceflight" (Grand Central Publishing, 2020). "Even though they weren't qualified to fly in space by NASA's standard of the day, their commitment to pursuing a dream is inspiring," Shira told Space.com in an email.

Related: Record-breaking women in spaceflight history

After Lovelace's program was canceled, Jerrie Cobb continued to work toward putting women in space. In 1961, before the program's cancellation, NASA Administrator James Webb named Cobb a consultant to the agency on the role of women in space, according to NASA. When she received notification that the FLATs program's final tests would not take place, she began campaigning Congress for a hearing on women in space. Her efforts came to fruition in July 1962.

Surprisingly, and for reasons that haven't been made public, it was Jackie Cochran who put the final nail in the coffin for the FLATs program during the 1962 Congressional hearings. She opposed reinstating the program, and instead voiced her support for sending men to the moon. Some have speculated that her motivations were political, The Verge reported. Cochran may have been hoping to end the program in the hopes of spearheading an even larger one perhaps even one where she would take center stage and fly in space herself, Popular Science reported.

While none of the Mercury 13 members ever made it into space, these women paved the way for other female astronauts who shattered the glass ceiling for women at NASA, such as Sally Ride, Eileen Collins, Mae Jemison, Peggy Whitson and more.

Related: Major milestone: 50 years of women in space

The FLATs' journey has been chronicled in books such as "Mercury 13: The True Story of Thirteen Women and the Dream of Space Flight" (Thorndike Press, 2003) by Martha Ackmann and the aforementioned "Fighting for Space: Two Pilots and Their Historic Battle for Female Spaceflight," a dueling biography of Jackie Cochran and Jerrie Cobb, written by Amy Shira Teitel. The 2017 Netflix documentary "Mercury 13" brought the stories of these women into the mainstream discussion of women in history, and Amazon ordered a television series about the FLATs in 2017.

Additional resources:

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The Mercury 13: The women who could have been NASA's first female astronauts - Space.com

Friends and family remember Amy Gibson on one year anniversary of shooting at Dawson fire station – Forsyth County News Online

The male suspect was later identified as Jeremy Wade Gibson, Gibsons husband.

Gibson is currently in the Dawson County Detention Center, awaiting trial for charges of murder, cruelty to children and aggravated assault.

But rehashing gory details of Gibsons death wasnt the focus of the ceremony on Wednesday afternoon, instead, friend of the deceased, Kristi Peterson, read from a prepared statement, sharing thoughts from the family on who Gibson was and how the system had failed her.

Amy was a wonderful mother to two beautiful children, as well as a daughter, sister and friend to most who crossed her path, Peterson said, reading words written by Gibsons sister Mary, who was unable to attend the ceremony. She set the example of letting her light shine for so many in our world, sharing her kindness, sense of humor and her great laugh.

Gibsons son and daughter were her world, Peterson said, and when the threat of domestic violence entered their lives, she sought help from any resources in the community she could find.

Despite the fact that Gibson desperately needed help from someone, no help was available, she said.

Those that surrounded Amy in her time of need understood the gravity of the situation, we begged for help alongside her, only to discover that anyone who might have been able to help, had their hands tied until something tragic happened, Peterson said.

The system simply moved too slowly for her, and too slowly to spare her children the tragedy they witnessed, she continued.

The system is broken beyond repair, according to Gibsons loved ones, but for the sake of other women and children in Dawson County that might be facing similar situations, Gibsons family is ready to fight for change.

We will not allow Amys death to be in vain. If you believe someone you love is in danger, please do all that you can to encourage quick action, no matter how extreme it may seem at the time, Peterson said.

Closing out the ceremony and her remarks, Peterson said that anyone with questions or concerns about their situation, or the situation of a loved one, should call the National Domestic Violence Hotline and work with someone trusted to create an escape plan.

Amy we love you, we miss you and we will honor you, she said.

The National Domestic Violence Hotline can be reached at 1-800-799-7233 or by visitingthehotline.org.

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Friends and family remember Amy Gibson on one year anniversary of shooting at Dawson fire station - Forsyth County News Online

Flight Works Alabama is a new airspace exhibition and education center in Mobile – WKRG News 5

MOBILE COUNTY, Ala. (WKRG) There is a brand new airspace exhibition and education center in Mobile County, Alabama. Flight Works Alabama partnered with Airbus and the State of Alabama in order to get this facility ready for takeoff.

News 5s Meteorologist Colleen Peterson met with Kayley Robinson, Marketing and communications manager at Flight Works, and was able to get a sneak peek of the exhibit.

Flight Works Alabama is an interactive aerospace education center housing over 40 hands-on exhibits, Kayley said.

The top attractions include a device that allows you to control the wings of a model aircraft, virtual reality, and a flight simulator where you can test your flying skills.

Our vision was to inspire our visitors to become interested in the aviation industry, specifically middle and high school students who are preparing to look for careers we want them to know that there are career opportunities within the aerospace industry, Kayley explained.

They have a classroom, workshop and fabrication room for classes based around aviation.

We offer flight works Alabama certifications such as 3D printing and sublimation but we also offer NC3 certifications which is a partnership with the national coalition of certification center., Kayley explained.

They also have a 3 week summer camp starting August 10th.

We are offering two camps for rising 7-12 grade students we are calling them our creative design camps, Kayley said. They are for 3D printing and sublimation and there are 12 students per class so we can maintain COVID regulations.

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Flight Works Alabama is a new airspace exhibition and education center in Mobile - WKRG News 5

Peterson wins MLB debut as Mets beat Red Sox 8-3 – theday.com

Boston J.D. Davis banged a two-run homer off the Pesky Pole, and left-hander David Peterson pitched 5 2/3 innings to win his major league debut and lead the New York Mets to an 8-3 victory over the Boston Red Sox on Tuesday night.

The Mets swept the two-game series and sent the Red Sox to their fourth consecutive loss. The teams now move to New York for another two games at Citi Field.

Peterson allowed two runs on seven hits and two walks, striking out three on the day he was called up from the teams alternate training site. He allowed a hard-hit ball off the Green Monster to leadoff batter Jos Peraza, but Peraza was thrown out trying to stretch it into a double.

The 2017 first-round draft pick then struck out J.D. Martinez getting the ball as a souvenir and retired Rafael Devers on a groundout to end the inning.

The Mets took a 3-0 lead in the second when Matt Hall, making his 2020 debut, gave up an RBI double to Robinson Can and a two-run single to Amed Rosario. In all, Hall allowed three runs on three hits and two walks, striking out three in 2 2/3 innings.

Davis hit a two-run shot in the fifth and the Mets added three more in the eighth when Brandon Nimmo doubled in one run and Jeff McNeil doubled in two more to make it 8-2.

Peterson became the first Mets starting pitcher to win his major league debut since Steven Matz in 2015.

OPENING DOORS

A day after lamenting his inability to enter the Green Monster during his first visit to Fenway Park, Pete Alonso was able to get inside.

Alonso said after Monday nights game that he wasnt allowed into the cramped area where the scoreboard keeper sits during games because of COVID-19 restrictions. Its always a highlight for visiting players, especially rookies and those in the NL who rarely get to visit Boston.

I was really upset that this year were not able to do it, he said after the Mets won the series opener. Hopefully, I can finagle my way in there tomorrow.

On Tuesday, Alonso posted a picture on Instagram of his signature on a splotch of green paint with the caption: Forever on the green monster!!! One of many names and a part of baseball history.

Alonsos homer on Monday was clocked at 116.3 mph the third hardest-hit homer for the Mets since the start of the 2019 season. (He also hit the other two.) The ball hit hard off the wall in the seating area, missing the cutouts taking the place of fans in the Monster Seats this season.

Alonso didnt homer on Tuesday, but he did endanger some imaginary fans when he threw his bat into the third-base box seats in the first inning.

4-6-5-4

The Red Sox loaded the bases with nobody out in the third and scored just one run, on a bizarre inning-ending double play that left everyone confused.

Boston had already cost itself a potential run when Peraza hit a deep fly ball to right-center that bounced out of center fielder Brandon Nimmos glove for a single. Kevin Plawecki, who had been on second, returned to the bag to tag up, and was only able to advance to third.

One out later, Rafael Devers lined the ball to second baseman Robinson Can, who was ruled to catch it on a short hop by umpire Chad Whitson. Can flipped it to second for the force out. Andrew Benintendi, who had been on second, then left the base and was tagged out after a brief rundown for the third out.

Because of the rundown, Plawecki was able to score and make it 3-1.

UP NEXT

Mets: Jacob deGrom (0-0) starts as the series moves to New York. The Mets righty has not allowed a run in 28 innings, including an opening day no-decision in which he shut out the Braves for five innings, striking out eight and allowing just one hit and one walk.

Red Sox: RHP Nathan Eovaldi (1-0) has earned Bostons only win this season, allowing one run in six innings against Baltimore in the opener.

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Peterson wins MLB debut as Mets beat Red Sox 8-3 - theday.com

Russia Accused Of Firing Anti-Satellite Weapon From One Of Its Satellites In Space – Forbes

The U.S. Space Command says the incident occurred last week.

The U.S. has accused Russia of testing an anti-satellite weapon in space, just months after the country was also accused of spying on an American satellite in orbit.

In a statement yesterday, the U.S. Space Command said it has evidence that Russia conducted a non-destructive test of a space-based anti-satellite weapon on Wednesday, July 15.

General John Raymond, Commander of U.S. Space Command and Chief of Space Operations for the U.S. Space Force, said the test was consistent with the Kremlin's published military doctrine to employ weapons that hold U.S. and allied space assets at risk.

The source of the test was supposedly the Cosmos 2543 satellite, which was launched on November 25, 2019. The event occurred when the satellite was near another Russian satellite, Cosmos 2535, but the projectile is not thought to have hit it or anything else in orbit.

Russia released this object in proximity to another Russian satellite, which is similar to on-orbit activity conducted by Russia in 2017, and inconsistent with the system's stated mission as an inspector satellite, the statement said.

[The] test is another example that the threats to U.S. and allied space systems are real, seriousand increasing.

According to Jonathan McDowell from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics on Twitter, the object appears to have been fired at up to 700 kilometers per hour, with no maneuvers following its deployment. We don't know how big the object is, he noted. But it's a subsatellite of a subsatellite.

Brian Weeden, a space policy analyst from the Secure World Foundation, noted on Twitter the speed suggested it was a projectile being fired rather than a satellite deployment. That said, it's also far from a conclusive weapons test. I'd put it in the worrisome category, he added.

However, in response, the Russian foreign ministry said the accusations were distorted. In a statement they said the tests did not create a threat for other spacecraft, according to BBC News, adding they had carried out a check of a Russian spacecraft at close range with the use of specialised small spacecraft apparatus.

General John Raymond, pictured, called out Russia over the test.

The satellite system involved in this incident was also accused of spying on the USA 245 satellite in February 2020. Cosmos 2542, which deployed the Cosmos 2543 satellite, was claimed to have adjusted its orbit to approach the U.S. government satellite, raising considerable alarm at the time.

The classified USA 245 spacecraft belongs to the National Reconnaissance Office, and it is believed to carry a powerful Earth-facing telescope to take sharp, high-resolution photos for analysis by U.S. intelligence agencies, said Spaceflight Now.

In April, Russia also launched an anti-satellite missile, known as the Nudol interceptor. The missile is supposedly designed to destroy satellites in low Earth orbit, although there are some question marks as to whether the system is actually operational yet or not.

Regardless, this latest orbital incident will be cause for some concern, with fears of potential conflicts in orbit. The United States, in coordination with our allies, is ready and committed to deterring aggression and defending the Nation, our allies and vital U.S. interests from hostile acts in space, said Raymond.

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Russia Accused Of Firing Anti-Satellite Weapon From One Of Its Satellites In Space - Forbes

Global Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market – How Future of Industry looks post Covid? Growth Analysis & Forecast 2020-2026 – Market…

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Compound in pickled capers could benefit the heart and brain – Medical News Today

A new study shows that a compound in pickled capers activates channels that are important for the activity of the heart and brain. The findings could potentially lead to the design of new drugs for epilepsy and arrhythmia.

People have practiced traditional or folk medicine which the Western world generally considers alternative medicine for centuries, and it remains the mainstay of healthcare in many countries.

Much traditional medicine relies on the use of plants, which have been the basis of medical treatments for thousands of years. Sometimes, researchers examine this traditional knowledge, interpret it in modern scientific terms, and then translate it into Western medicine.

Aspirin, for example, comes from willow plants and has played a role in medicine since ancient Egyptian times, long before people understood its mechanism of action.

A new study from the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine shows a similar story for capers, which people around the world consume and also use in traditional medicine.

The study, which appears in Communications Biology, finds that a compound in pickled capers activates potassium channels that regulate the activity of the heart and brain.

The researchers say that their findings could aid the design of new drugs for epilepsy and arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythms).

The authors of the study note that humans have been eating capers for more than 10,000 years. Findings in soil deposits in Syria and late Stone Age cave dwellings in modern day Greece and Israel have shown this to be true.

The ancient Roman cookbook Apicius also mentions capers. People continue to use them in traditional medicine for their antihelminthic, anticancer, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory properties and their possible circulatory and gastrointestinal benefits.

The research team behind the current study has now shown how capers act on the body, which includes activating a potassium channel important for heart and brain activity.

The researchers started looking at capers based on the results from a screen of plant extracts. They screened a range of extracts for activity on a family of potassium channels called KCNQ channels.

The KCNQ family of potassium channels plays several important roles in the body, including regulating the heartbeat, the contraction of muscles, and the function of the gastrointestinal tract. Their dysfunction is associated with certain diseases, including diabetes, arrhythmia, and epilepsy.

The researchers used an extract from pickled capers, the most common form in the United States, and found that a 1% extract was able to activate the channels.

The pickling process causes the formation of quercetin, which is the compound that activates KCNQ channels.

Further experiments with quercetin found that it binds to a part of the channels responsible for sensing electrical activity. This binding causes the channels to open when they would otherwise be closed, which may underlie the medicinal properties of capers.

Although capers are the richest natural source of quercetin, the authors note that other plant-derived compounds, such as E-2-dodecenal (present in cilantro), are more potent activators of KCNQ channels.

However, the authors also found that these compounds can work together. So, while eating capers alone may not have a significant effect, eating them together with other specific foods, such as cilantro, could increase their benefits.

Quercetin is also very common in food, being present in apples, berries, celery, chili peppers, and onions, as well as green tea and red wine. The compound may, therefore, accumulate in the body over time to provide benefits. Research has also shown that adding quercetin to food is safe, although this practice does not currently exist in the U.S.

Outside of food, the researchers say that their findings could help medicinal chemists design new drugs.

Increasing the activity of KCNQ channels in different parts of the body is potentially highly beneficial. Synthetic drugs that do this have been used to treat epilepsy and show promise in preventing abnormal heart rhythms.

corresponding author Geoffrey Abbott, Ph.D.

Researchers are also investigating capers for their potential benefits against cancer, diabetes, and various inflammatory, circulatory, and gastrointestinal diseases. Understanding how capers act on the body on a molecular level could, therefore, lead to a wide range of new treatments.

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Compound in pickled capers could benefit the heart and brain - Medical News Today