NASA Confirmes Lake On Mars HD
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NASA | Moon Phases 2015, Southern Hemisphere (Moon Only)
This visualization shows the Moon #39;s phase and libration at hourly intervals throughout 2015, as viewed from the southern hemisphere. Each frame represents one hour. To learn more about this...
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NASA | Moon Phases 2015, Northern Hemisphere
This visualization shows the Moon #39;s phase and libration at hourly intervals throughout 2015, as viewed from the northern hemisphere. Each frame represents one hour. In addition, this visualization...
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24 Oras: Nasa 2,000 evacuees, nahatiran ng relief goods ng GMA Kapuso Foundation
24 Oras is GMA Network #39;s flagship newscast, anchored by Mike Enriquez and Mel Tiangco. It airs on GMA-7 Mondays to Fridays at 6:30 PM (PHL Time) and on weekends at 5:30 PM. For more videos...
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NASA Mars rover finds key evidence of lake at landing site Nasa, Reuters
NASA Mars rover finds key evidence of lake at landing site Nasa, Reuters.
By: Haaretz.com
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NASA Mars rover finds key evidence of lake at landing site Nasa, Reuters - Video
Charles Bolden Video NASA Confirms 6 Days of Darkness
Charles Bolden Video NASA Confirms 6 Days of Darkness NASA confirms 6 days of darkness this December 2014 is this true? Are you prepared for a catastrophic event that may or may not happen?...
By: Dawn Obrien
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NASA Orion Launch EFT-1 December 5, 2014
The maiden launch of NASA #39;s Orion interplanetary space ship, as seen from Highway 401 in Port Canaveral, FL.
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WASHINGTON, Dec. 9 (UPI) -- NASA issued a statement Monday insisting that newly identified asteroid 2014 UR116 isn't an immediate threat to Earth. In the wake of the asteroid's discovery, ominous new reports (mostly from Russian media sources) suggested the mountain-sized rock could potentially collide with Earth during one of its triennial flybys.
"While this approximately 400-meter sized asteroid has a three year orbital period around the sun and returns to the Earth's neighborhood periodically, it does not represent a threat because its orbital path does not pass sufficiently close to the Earth's orbit," NASA officials wrote in their released statement.
According to NASA, Tim Spahr, the director of the International Astronomical Union's Minor Planet Center, used data collected from an Near Earth Object with a similar orbit to project UR116's future trajectory. His number crunching confirmed the false alarm.
"These computations rule out this object as an impact threat to Earth (or any other planet) for at least the next 150 years," officials with NASA' Near Earth Object (NEO) Program concluded.
Last week, a group of scientists and citizen-astronomers -- including former Queen guitarist Brain May, who has a PhD in astrophysics -- encouraged a stronger push for experimental asteroid-location and deflection technologies.
"Nasa has done a very good job of finding the very largest objects, the ones that would destroy the human race," Ed Lu, a former astronaut who thrice crewed the International Space Station, told the Financial Times. "It's the ones that would destroy a city or hit the economy for a couple of hundred years that are the problem."
NASA isn't completely ignoring the warnings from these vocal scientists. It is currently hosting a competition for crowd-sourced asteroid detection algorithms, and it has entertained some ideas on how to potentially deflect an asteroid on a collision course with planet Earth.
2014 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Any reproduction, republication, redistribution and/or modification of any UPI content is expressly prohibited without UPI's prior written consent.
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A simulated image shows a lake in the large Gale Crater on Mars, with streams of water flowing into it. NASA researchers believe a lake deposited enough sediment in the crater to form a mountain, Mount Sharp. NASA hide caption
A simulated image shows a lake in the large Gale Crater on Mars, with streams of water flowing into it. NASA researchers believe a lake deposited enough sediment in the crater to form a mountain, Mount Sharp.
Signs of water currents and sediments are seen in the latest photos NASA's Curiosity rover sent home from Mars, the space agency said Monday. The images suggest "ancient Mars maintained a climate that could have produced long-lasting lakes," NASA says.
In the huge Gale Crater where Curiosity has been exploring, the water and sediment flow might have been massive enough to build a mountain the 3-mile-high Mount Sharp NASA researchers say. But they acknowledge that they're still working to solve the mystery of how the mountain formed in a crater.
"If our hypothesis for Mount Sharp holds up, it challenges the notion that warm and wet conditions were transient, local or only underground on Mars," said Curiosity deputy project scientist Ashwin Vasavada of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena. "A more radical explanation is that Mars' ancient, thicker atmosphere raised temperatures above freezing globally, but so far we don't know how the atmosphere did that."
NASA says "cross-bedding" in the layers of this Martian rock is proof that water moved on Mars, leaving waves or ripples of loose sediment. The image is from a site at Mount Sharp that NASA calls "Whale Rock." NASA hide caption
NASA says "cross-bedding" in the layers of this Martian rock is proof that water moved on Mars, leaving waves or ripples of loose sediment. The image is from a site at Mount Sharp that NASA calls "Whale Rock."
This isn't the first time NASA has announced signs of water at Gale Crater.
One year ago, NASA analysts saw sedimentary rocks that led them to believe the Martian lake had held freshwater.
And back in 2012, the space agency said images taken by Curiosity showed gravel-like rocks that were smoothed by water and pushed into the shape of an alluvial fan.
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Published December 09, 2014
This Dec. 5, 2014 image provided by NASA shows NASA's Orion spacecraft after splash down as it awaits the U.S. Navy's USS Anchorage in the Pacific ocean.(The Associated Press)
SAN DIEGO NASA's new Orion spacecraft returned to dry land in Southern California after a test flight that ended with a plunge into the Pacific Ocean.
A Navy ship, the USS Anchorage, delivered the capsule to Naval Base San Diego and unloaded the 11-foot-tall cone around 10 p.m. Monday.
Orion made an unmanned flight Friday that carried it 3,600 miles above Earth to test the spacecraft's systems before it carries astronauts on deep space missions. During re-entry into the atmosphere, the spacecraft endured speeds of 20,000 mph and temperatures near 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
It parachuted into the ocean about 600 miles southwest of San Diego, where the ship picked it up.
NASA and contractor Lockheed Martin Corp. assisted in Orion's recovery.
The spacecraft may one day carry astronauts to Mars, but its next trip will be on a truck that will carry it back to Cape Canaveral, Florida, in time for Christmas.
The next Orion flight, also unmanned, is four years away, and crewed flights at least seven years away given present budget constraints. But the Orion team spread across the country and on the ocean, is hoping Friday's triumphant splashdown will pick up the momentum.
During the flight test, all 11 parachutes deployed and onboard computers withstood the intense radiation of the Van Allen belts surrounding Earth. Everything meant to jettison away did so as Orion soared into space. It landed just a mile from its projected spot off Mexico's Baja Peninsula.
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Malaria parasites invade human red blood cells, they then disrupt them and infect others. Researchers at the University of Basel and the Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute have now developed so-called nanomimics of host cell membranes that trick the parasites. This could lead to novel treatment and vaccination strategies in the fight against malaria and other infectious diseases. Their research results have been published in the scientific journal ACS Nano.
For many infectious diseases no vaccine currently exists. In addition, resistance against currently used drugs is spreading rapidly. To fight these diseases, innovative strategies using new mechanisms of action are needed. The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum that is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito is such an example. Malaria is still responsible for more than 600,000 deaths annually, especially affecting children in Africa (WHO, 2012).
Artificial bubbles with receptors
Malaria parasites normally invade human red blood cells in which they hide and reproduce. They then make the host cell burst and infect new cells. Using nanomimics, this cycle can now be effectively disrupted: The egressing parasites now bind to the nanomimics instead of the red blood cells.
Researchers of groups led by Prof. Wolfgang Meier, Prof. Cornelia Palivan (both at the University of Basel) and Prof. Hans-Peter Beck (Swiss TPH) have successfully designed and tested host cell nanomimics. For this, they developed a simple procedure to produce polymer vesicles -- small artificial bubbles -- with host cell receptors on the surface. The preparation of such polymer vesicles with water-soluble host receptors was done by using a mixture of two different block copolymers. In aqueous solution, the nanomimics spontaneously form by self-assembly.
Blocking parasites efficiently
Usually, the malaria parasites destroy their host cells after 48 hours and then infect new red blood cells. At this stage, they have to bind specific host cell receptors. Nanomimics are now able to bind the egressing parasites, thus blocking the invasion of new cells. The parasites are no longer able to invade host cells, however, they are fully accessible to the immune system.
The researchers examined the interaction of nanomimics with malaria parasites in detail by using fluorescence and electron microscopy. A large number of nanomimics were able to bind to the parasites and the reduction of infection through the nanomimics was 100-fold higher when compared to a soluble form of the host cell receptors. In other words: In order to block all parasites, a 100 times higher concentration of soluble host cell receptors is needed, than when the receptors are presented on the surface of nanomimics.
"Our results could lead to new alternative treatment and vaccines strategies in the future," says Adrian Najer first-author of the study. Since many other pathogens use the same host cell receptor for invasion, the nanomimics might also be used against other infectious diseases. The research project was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation and the NCCR "Molecular Systems Engineering."
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Summary:Brown University biomedical scientists have created an implant that appears to deter breast cancer cell regrowth. Made from a common polymer, the implant is the first to be modified at the nanoscale.
A "bed-of-nails" inside the surface of the implant prevents cancerous cells from growing. Credit: Webster Lab/Brown University
One in eight women in the United States will develop breast cancer, and most will have no choice but to face age-old chemotherapy drugs, surgery and breast reconstruction. As many as one-fifth of those women will suffer relapse.
To help drive down the rate of relapse, researchers at Brown University have created a breast implant with a "bed-of-nails" surface at the nanoscale that deters cancer cells from dwelling and thriving.
The implant, made from a common federally approved polymer, has a nanoscale surface that impedes cancerous cells from gathering the nutrients they need to thrive because of the lack of blood-vessel architecture that they depend on. The implant attracts healthy breast cell formation instead.
"We've created an [implant] surface with features that can at least decrease [cancerous] cell functions without having to use chemotherapeutics, radiation, or other processes to kill cancer cells," said Thomas Webster, associate professor of engineering. "It's a surface that's hospitable to healthy breast cells and less so for cancerous breast cells."
To create the implant, Webster and his team built a cast on a glass plate using 23-nanometer-diameter polystyrene beads and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer approved by the FDA and used widely in clinical settings, such as stitches. The result was an implant surface covered with adjoining, 23-nanometer-high pimples. For comparison, Webster and his lab partner also created surfaces with 300-nanometer and 400-nanometer peaks; they found that the 23-nanometer surface worked best at deterring breast cancer cells.
"I would guess that surface peaks less than 23 nanometers would be even better, Webster added, although polystyrene beads with such dimensions dont yet exist. "The more you can push up that cancerous cell, the more you keep it from interacting with the surface."
Next, the researchers will look closely at why the nano-modified surfaces deter malignant breast cells. They will manipulate the surface features to yield greater results, and experiment with alternative materials.
The test results are published in Nanotechnology.
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PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:
8-Dec-2014
Contact: Kat J. McAlpine katherine.mcalpine@wyss.harvard.edu 617-432-8266 Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard @wyssinstitute
(BOSTON and CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts) - One of the reasons cancer is so deadly is that it can evade attack from the body's immune system, which allows tumors to flourish and spread. Scientists can try to induce the immune system, known as immunotherapy, to go into attack mode to fight cancer and to build long lasting immune resistance to cancer cells. Now, researchers at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering and Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) show a non-surgical injection of programmable biomaterial that spontaneously assembles in vivo into a 3D structure could fight and even help prevent cancer and also infectious disease such as HIV. Their findings are reported in Nature Biotechnology.
"We can create 3D structures using minimally invasive delivery to enrich and activate a host's immune cells to target and attack harmful cells in vivo," said the study's senior author David Mooney, Ph.D., who is a Wyss Institute Core Faculty Member and the Robert P. Pinkas Family Professor of Bioengineering at Harvard SEAS .
Tiny biodegradable rod-like structures made from silica, known as mesoporous silica rods (MSRs), can be loaded with biological and chemical drug components and then delivered by needle just underneath the skin. The rods spontaneously assemble at the vaccination site to form a three-dimensional scaffold, like pouring a box of matchsticks into a pile on a table. The porous spaces in the stack of MSRs are large enough to recruit and fill up with dendritic cells, which are "surveillance" cells that monitor the body and trigger an immune response when a harmful presence is detected.
"Nano-sized mesoporous silica particles have already been established as useful for manipulating individual cells from the inside, but this is the first time that larger particles, in the micron-sized range, are used to create a 3D in vivo scaffold that can recruit and attract tens of millions of immune cells," said co-lead author Jaeyun Kim, Ph.D., an Assistant Professor of Chemical Engineering at Sungkyunkwan University and a former Wyss Institute Postdoctoral Fellow.
Synthesized in the lab, the MSRs are built with small holes, known as nanopores, inside. The nanopores can be filled with specific cytokines, oligonucleotides, large protein antigens, or any variety of drugs of interest to allow a vast number of possible combinations to treat a range of infections.
"Although right now we are focusing on developing a cancer vaccine, in the future we could be able to manipulate which type of dendritic cells or other types of immune cells are recruited to the 3D scaffold by using different kinds of cytokines released from the MSRs," said co-lead author Aileen Li, a graduate student pursuing her Ph.D. in bioengineering at Harvard SEAS. "By tuning the surface properties and pore size of the MSRs, and therefore controlling the introduction and release of various proteins and drugs, we can manipulate the immune system to treat multiple diseases."
Once the 3D scaffold has recruited dendritic cells from the body, the drugs contained in the MSRs are released, which trips their "surveillance" trigger and initiates an immune response. The activated dendritic cells leave the scaffold and travel to the lymph nodes, where they raise alarm and direct the body's immune system to attack specific cells, such as cancerous cells. At the site of the injection, the MSRs biodegrade and dissolve naturally within a few months.
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Injectable 3-D vaccines could fight cancer and infectious diseases
PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:
9-Dec-2014
Contact: Barbara Bachtler bachtler@mdc-berlin.de 49-309-406-3896 Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch
Two researchers of the Max Delbrck Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch will receive more than 3 million euros in research funding from the European Research Council (ERC) in Strasbourg. Cancer researcher Dr. Michela Di Virgilio and systems biologist Dr. Baris Tursun of the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB) of the MDC will receive an ERC Starting Grant endowed with 1.9 million euros and 1.5 million euros respectively. They were selected from 3,273 applicants. The ERC grants are for a period of five years and will begin in spring 2015.
In her ERC project, Dr. Di Virgilio focuses on the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. These cytotoxic DNA lesions arise following exposure to ionizing radiation and several chemicals, but they also occur in B lymphocytes as intermediates of physiological processes essential for antibody production. Accurate repair of DNA double-strand breaks is therefore essential not only for the maintenance of our genome integrity but also for the establishment of a proper immune response. Dr. Di Virgilio will investigate the regulatory mechanisms that ensure efficient and accurate repair of these lesions in B lymphocytes. By elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA repair in B cells, Dr. Di Virgilio hopes to advance the understanding of the molecular basis of immunodeficiencies and cancer predisposition.
Dr. Di Virgilio began work in September this year as Helmholtz junior research group leader at the MDC, a research institution of the Helmholtz Association. She came from The Rockefeller University in New York City, USA, where she had worked as a postdoctoral fellow in the laboratory of the immunologist Professor Michel C. Nussenzweig. There she investigated repair mechanisms in B cells. In the field of DNA repair, her results are considered to be groundbreaking. She received her doctorate from the Universit degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, for the work she performed at Columbia University in New York City in the laboratory of the geneticist and developmental biologist Professor Jean Gautier.
In his ERC project Dr. Tursun Baris wants to investigate how cells can be directly reprogrammed, thus circumventing the use of embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells and generating tissues for the treatment of severe diseases in the future. However, to date, direct reprogramming is successful in only a few cells types, and it is not well understood why most cells are refractory to this process. Recently, his group identified factors which inhibit direct conversion of germ cells into neurons or muscle cells. In this project his group wants to further understand mechanisms which restrict direct reprogramming. For their investigations they use C. elegans, a roundworm widely used as a model system in genetics and systems biology. It was the first animal to have its genome completely sequenced. Also, its developmental program is understood at the single-cell level.
Baris Tursun joined the BIMSB at the MDC in February 2012 as Independent Junior Group leader, working on gene regulatory mechanisms of the direct conversion of cell types. He received his PhD at the Center for Molecular Neurobiology at the University of Hamburg, Germany, and then worked as a postdoctoral fellow and research scientist at Columbia University in the laboratory of Professor Oliver Hobert. In spring 2014, Baris Tursun co-organized the first European C. elegans conference, which took place at the MDC in Berlin.
Altogether thirteen researchers at the MDC have been awarded one of the highly endowed ERC grants. Besides Dr. Di Virgilio and Dr. Tursun they are: Professor Thomas Willnow and Dr. Oliver Daumke (both grants started in 2014), Dr. Zsuzsanna Izsvk (2013), Professor Gary Lewin, Professor Thomas Jentsch (MDC, Leibniz Institut fr Molekulare Pharmakologie, FMP), Professor Michael Gotthardt and Dr. Jan Siemens (now University of Heidelberg) (all in 2012), Dr. James Poulet and Professor Klaus Rajewsky (both in 2011), Dr. Matthew N. Poy (2010) and Dr. Francesca Spagnoli (2009).
Established in 2007 by the EU, the European Research Council is the first pan-European funding organization for cutting-edge research. Since 2007, the ERC has funded over 4,500 projects throughout Europe.
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ERC starting grants for two researchers of the Max Delbrck Center
PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:
9-Dec-2014
Contact: Kevin Stacey kevin_stacey@brown.edu 401-863-3766 Brown University @brownuniversity
PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] -- Harmful bacteria have evolved some ingenious mechanisms to resist antibiotics. One of those is the drug efflux pump -- proteins that stand guard along bacterial cell membranes, identifying antibacterial agents that pass through the membrane and swiftly ejecting them from the cell.
"These drug efflux pumps are extremely problematic," said Jason Sello, associate professor of chemistry at Brown University. "The drugs are pumped out of the bacteria and cannot reach the critical concentration for toxicity."
Sello and a team of researchers from Brown have come up with a new strategy that may help sneak drugs past the efflux guards. The new approach makes use of molecular fragments administered alongside antimicrobial agents. The efflux pumps are kept busy pumping out the fragments while the antimicrobial agents are able to stay inside the cell.
"We're basically using decoys," Sello said. "It's a relatively simple idea to solve a significant problem in medicine."
Sello and his colleagues describe the method and some preliminary lab results in a paper published in the journal ACS Infectious Diseases. The paper was co-authored by graduate students Corey Compton and Daniel Carney and undergraduate Patrice Groomes.
For the study, Sello and his team experimented with a promising new class of antimicrobial drug candidates called acyldepsipeptides or ADEPs. The compounds have been shown to be effective in killing many species of bacterial pathogens but are generally less effective against the bacterium that causes tuberculosis. It had been reported that the ADEP resistance of M. tuberculosis was due to the presence of one or perhaps more efflux pumps. Sello and his team were seeking a way to interfere with those pumps so that the ADEPs could be used for the treatment of tuberculosis.
"There are two scenarios for how an ADEP efflux pump could operate," Sello said. "The pump could either recognize the entire molecule or some portion of it. We thought, if the latter scenario is operative, then a molecule comprising the minimal portion of the ADEP that is recognized by the pump could competitively interfere with efflux of the ADEP."
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Shadow of Mordor #24 - Medicine
Journey back to Middle-Earth in a tale of vengeance and blood, in Shadows of Mordor. With the help of a mysterious wraith, Rythian takes on the role of Talion, a Ranger banished from death,...
By: YOGSCAST Rythian
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Urban Health Training Center UHTC ,Community Medicine Department PMCH , Udaipur Raj part 2
ANATOMY DEPARTMENT,PACIFIC MEDICAL COLLEGE,medicine,MBBS,facilities,ECG room,Dental Sciences,ACADEMICS,Medicine,pantry,nursing,resident doctors,PACIFIC MEDICAL COLLEGE ...
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Department of Medicine and Health Care Science
Sharon McDonald talks about the wide range of course and opportunities on offer at the department.
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Fourth Street Clinic team, Phil Taylor and Leticia Vasquez, take medicine to the homeless in Salt La
Fourth Street Clinic team, Phil Taylor and Leticia Vasquez, take medicine to the homeless in Salt Lake Valley. #Utah By: Kristen Moulton Published on: December 8, 2014 Source: http://www.tout.com...
By: The Salt Lake Tribune
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