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California State Parks

Posted on November 11, 2015 by Danzig

Our Mission. To provide for the health, inspiration and education of the people of California by helping to preserve the state's extraordinary biological diversity, protecting its most valued natural and cultural resources, and creating opportunities for high-quality outdoor recreation.

Feel the breeze through the pines, smell an aromatic campfire, hear the waves gently lap the shoreline.

Owned by the California State Parks and operated by PRIDE Industries, this site sells California State Parks Annual Passes, quality publications to the public.

We have an easier way to Find a Park by simply choosing the first letter of the name, by Activities or Facilities, by a Region within the State or by a specific City.

Show everyone your support for Californias state parks and order a ParksPLATE today.

Making sure that everyone - including visitors with disabilities - has access to the natural and cultural wonders that make up California State Parks.

See what is happening in a park near you.

15 Nov

Sunday, November 15 at 9:30 am Travel deep into the heart of Big Basin as you experience a wide range of habitats on this moderate to strenuous 11 mile loop hike. Wind through shady redwoo ... ... Read More

California State Parks

NMSU Astronomy – New Mexico State University

Posted on November 10, 2015 by Danzig

We are excited and pleased to welcome two new faculty members to the Department of Astronomy in Fall 2015. Dr. Moire Prescott studies distant gas clouds and their connection to the formation of galaxies, and Dr. Kristian Finlator works with numerical simulations of gas around galaxies.

On the cusp of his retirement, Bernie McNamara, astronomy professor at New Mexico State University for 40 years, has won the top prize in this year's Joan and Arnold Seidel Griffith Observer Science Writing Contest. It is the oldest and most prestigious writing contest in astronomy.

McNamara won first prize in the contest, which comes with a $1,000 award. His article, Tsien Hsue-shen and China's First Satellite: A Collision between Politics and Technology, will be published in the Griffith Observer in August. The contest is open to scientists, writers and members of the public to encourage writing about astronomy, astrophysics, and space science for the average reader.

As a longtime professor in the College of Arts and Sciences who once shared an office with Clyde Tombaugh, the discoverer of Pluto, McNamara has numerous scholarly publications to his credit. However, the Griffith Observer contest is about writing for a broader audience.

Congratulations to recently Ph.D. student Nikole Nielsen, who received NMSU's Outstanding Graduate Student award for the 2014/15 academic year!

We also are excited to acknowledge graduate students Diane Feuillet, winner of the 2015 Murrell Award for outstanding research or professional development, Sean Markert, winner of the 2014 Pegasus Award for excellence in teaching, and to Kyle Degrave, who was recently awarded the 2014 Zia Award for excellence in research.

Our hats go off to our six astronomy graduate students (shown below) who participated in the NMSU College of Arts & Sciences Three-Minute Thesis Competition on April 5, 2014. Students had three minutes each to present a thesis project (on one slide) and make the case in as compelling a fashion as possible, in an event designed to encourage graduate students to polish their communication skills and engage an audience.

Our students did us all proud! Graduate research fellow Kyle Uckert (third from left) won first place in the competition with his solar system presentation, while Kyle Degrave (second from right) scored a third place win for his talk on helioseismology. Just imagine what they'll be able to cover in 45 minutes for a full PhD thesis presentation ...

See the article here:

NMSU Astronomy - New Mexico State University

Space – Georgia Department of Economic Development

Posted on November 10, 2015 by Danzig

The U.S. Commercial, Civil and Military Space markets represent a $100 billion market that is growing rapidly and Georgia intends to be a big part of it. As our national space strategy pushes LEO (Low Earth Orbit) space operations into the commercial sector, the close geographic proximity of Georgia to space launch facilities will lower the cost of doing business as a logistics, manufacturing and R&D point in Georgia.

More than 500 companies in Georgia perform all facets of aerospace vehicle & systems design, testing, manufacturing, operations, maintenance & overhaul, and support for customers throughout the world.Georgias aerospace exports grew to $7.8 billion in 2013, an increase of 17% from 2012. Georgia currently hosts business units from some of the giants of the space industry, including Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, and Pratt & Whitney. Georgia is also home to businesses specifically involved in the satellite industry, including EMS Technologies (now part of Honeywell), SpaceWorks Engineering, and Masten Space Systems.

Located at the center of the Southeasts space cluster, Georgia provides strategic access to major space facilities in the region including missile defense operations in Huntsville and Decatur, Alabama; Virginias Wallops Island launch facility; and Floridas three space launch facilities.

Georgias seamless logistics and transportation network provides efficient access to these space facilities.

Georgia is a natural launching point from which people and products are quickly transported via air, ground and ocean throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia.

Georgia is an ideal place for space-related companies to seek manufacturing and research partnerships, and to hire skilled workers. Georgia ranks fourth in the nation for aerospace workers, and those 80,000 workers have been rated as the nations most productive.

Georgias colleges and universities supply companies with a well-educated workforce with strong programs in many engineering disciplines, including Aerospace Engineering, Computer Science, Electrical Engineering, Materials Science Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Bioengineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Robotics.

The Daniel Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology is the No. 2 ranked undergraduate and No. 4 ranked graduate aerospace engineering program in the U.S. The program is one of the oldest, and largest educational programs of its kind in the country, numbering approximately 800 undergraduate students, 500 graduate students, 39 academic faculty, and 70 research faculty.

Georgias universities and colleges annually spend in excess of $419 million in overall engineering R&D with more than $56 million in aerospace engineering R&D in FY09. Research is the backbone of the Guggenheim School of Aerospace Engineering at Georgia Tech. Georgia Tech ranks #2 in the U.S. in terms of the volume of aerospace R&D expenditures, with more than $49 million in FY09 (National Science Foundation).

Faculty members in the School of Aerospace Engineering at Georgia Tech are engaged in a wide variety of research topics ranging from highly theoretical work to extremely applied projects. Active research programs include diversified and multidisciplinary projects in fluid mechanics, structures and materials, aeroelasticity, controls, combustion & propulsion, design & optimization, air transportation, sustainable energy systems, and cognitive engineering, as applied to fixed wing aircraft, rotorcraft and space systems.

TheGeorgia Center of Innovation for Aerospaceactively engages high-growth potential aerospace companies, using state-backed resources to provide access to academic intellectual capital, advanced university research, and industry expertise. The Centers newly created Space Working Group, composed of key leaders from industry, government, and academia, works to ensure that the programs within the state are aligned with the needs of the space industry.

Mind Map Inspiration | Sharing Mind Maps for Inspiration …

Posted on November 7, 2015 by Danzig

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PLEASE NOTE ~ This will be the last mind map update for the foreseeable future

No greater confusion than assuming an assumption

No greater confusion than being attached to an attachment

No greater confusion than adding more clouds to a cloudy mind

No greater confusion than blaming blame

No greater confusion than anger at anger

No greater confusion than holding onto impermanence

No greater confusion than complaining about complaints

No greater confusion than planning spontaneity

No greater confusion than complicating complexity

No greater confusion than reliving a past that no longer exists

No greater confusion than seeking outer happiness when its on the inside

No greater confusion than analysing analysis

These contemplative confusions are effectively double errors; or compounded errors errors upon errors, whether recognised or not. Each presents a step further away from realization the antidote is simply awareness.

I hope you enjoy viewing my Mind Maps you can subscribe for any future updates via RSS or Email

Also available: E-Books designed to help you create stylish and artistic mind maps of your own.

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This mindmap highlights ideas for contemplation and reflection. Some of these come from the thoughts I share on Twitter you can follow me here @mindmapdrawer Other ideas in the mindmap come from my personal journals. I hope you enjoy these contemplative phrases. Here are the text only versions:

Life is the coin. Heads or tails are only perspectives the coin still exists. The mirror of opposites.

I am nothing that you want me to be and anything that you want me to be. The mirror of opinions.

What is the difference between a true thought and a false thought? They are both the same. The mirror of commonality.

Every word is a thought every thought is a word. To attach or not to attach? The mirror of attachments.

If your illusions become your reality, your reality becomes your illusions. The mirror of confusion.

Nature reflects back your unconditional acceptance. The mirror of harmony.

Peace = Unity Unity = Peace. The mirror of the collective self, known as one.

Patience is kindness kindness is patience. The mirror of caring.

Simple is wise wise is simple. The mirror of clarity.

Trying to understand another is trying to understand yourself. The mirror of the unity of the human condition and conditioning.

Live the questions share the answers, share the questions live the answers. The mirror of the continuity of positive innovation and progress.

There is an ordinary soul housed within an extraordinary persona and an extraordinary soul housed within an ordinary persona. The mirror of the normality of unique talent unique is normal.

Compassion is forgiveness forgiveness is compassion. The mirror of human love and understanding.

Every lorry should have one If you cant see my mirrors I cant see you. The mirror of seeing.

I hope you enjoy viewing my Mind Maps you can subscribe for any future updates via RSS or Email

Also available: E-Books designed to help you create stylish and artistic mind maps of your own.

If you know someone who would enjoy this post and others here at the Mind Map Inspiration Blog please share with them.

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Mind Map Inspiration | Sharing Mind Maps for Inspiration ...

Mind of a Worm Uploaded to a LEGO Robot to Make the …

Posted on November 7, 2015 by Danzig

Ashley Allen / 10 months ago

In a breakthrough for artificial intelligence research, a digital clone of the mind of a roundworm (C. Elegans) has been uploaded into a robotic body made from LEGO, as part of the Open Worm Project.

Once the software facsimile of the worm brain was integrated into the LEGO robot it, with no additional programming, exhibited behaviour consistent with the C. Elegans species, avoiding obstacles and attracted by food. The robot carries sensors that imitate the senses of a roundworm, bridged by software modelled on a worms nervous system.

Stephen Larson, the projects co-ordinator, told US news network CNN, Weve been working on it for four years and while we have a lot more to achieve its been the most surprising project Ive been involved in. Its certainly exceeded my expectations.

The research teams says that it will take some time for the robot to learn to avoid predators or search for a mate, but that the progress made so far bodes well for the future.

We definitely have further to go, but I think what captures peoples imagination is how much information we have managed to put together, said Larson.

Source: CNN

Mind of a Worm Uploaded to a LEGO Robot to Make the ...

Cyborg 009 – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Posted on November 6, 2015 by Danzig

Cyborg 009

Japanese cover of Cyborg 009 volume 1

Cyborg 009 (, Saibgu Zero-Zero-Nain?) is a manga created by Shotaro Ishinomori. It was serialized in many different magazines, including Monthly Shnen King, Weekly Shnen Magazine, Shnen Big Comic, COM, Shjo Comic, Weekly Shnen Sunday, Monthly Shnen Jump and Monthly Comic Nora in Japan. The first two arcs of the manga were published in English by Tokyopop with all the sound effects left out untranslated; as of 2006 it is out of print. However, in 2012, comiXology acquired the digital distribution rights to Shotaro Ishinomori's catalogue.[1]

Nine regular humans are kidnapped by the evil Black Ghost organization to undergo human experiments which resulted in nine cyborgs with each one having super human powers. The nine cyborgs band together to fight for their freedom and to stop Black Ghost. The evil organization's goal is to start the next world war by supplying rich buyers with countless weapons of mass destruction.

After the destruction of Black Ghost, the nine cyborgs also fought a variety of threats, from mad scientists, to supernatural beings and ancient civilizations.

The first Arc was serialized in Weekly Shnen King (Shnen Gahosha). It depicts the 009 origin story, the escape from Black Ghost, and running from cyborg assassins. It was briefly ended with the battle with the Mythos Cyborgs story.

The second Arc called The Underground Empire Yomi Arc. Appeared in Weekly Shnen Magazine (Kodansha) alongside the release of the film version. The story is highly influenced by Edgar Rice Burroughs' Earth's Core series, including an expedition to the center of the Earth with a drill tank and a reptile race who can use telepathy and grow wings. The story ends with the final battle against Black Ghost. The final scene has 009 and 002 falling into the Earth's atmosphere and being seen as a shooting star by two small children, one who wishes for a toy gun the other for world peace (a scene reminiscent of Ray Bradbury's Kaleidoscope). This point was the intended finish for the series and many fans consider it the true end; however popular demand necessitated the two heroes be rescued. As such, 001 was able at the last minute of using his telekinetic power to retrieve 002 and 009 from their plummet before death.

Thus began third Arc Serialized in Monthly Bouken-oh(Adventure King) (Akita Shoten). It contained 6 story arcs, including the Monster Island Arc, the Middle East Arc, and the Angels Arc. The series abruptly ended during the Angels Arc.

The Fourth Arc called The Battle of the Gods Arc was serialized in COM (Mushi Production). Ishinomori resumed and retold the interrupted Angels Arc with a new plot, but the series once again ended abruptly. Ishinomori would not resume the series for a few years after this.

The fifth Arc was serialized in Shjo Comic (Shogakukan). Included the Wind City Arc, the Snow Carnival Arc, and the Edda Arc. The story deals with legendary and mythical like characters challenging the 00 Number Cyborgs.

The sixth Arc connected to the 5th work. Arcs such as the Deinonychus Arc (appeared in Monthly Shnen Jump (Shueisha)) and Green Hole Arc (appeared in Play Comic (Akita Shoten)) were depicted, then after a long time the Underwater Pyramid Arc was serialized in Monthly Manga Shnen (Asahi Sonorama).

The seventh Arc was serialized in Weekly Shnen Sunday (Shogakukan) to go with the revival anime. A long arc consisting of many short arcs, this series dealt with the battle against Neo Black Ghost as well as the emotional trauma of the 00 Number Cyborgs. The story is set approximately 20 years after the Yomi Arc, and the personalities and conduct of the cyborgs are depicted as more adult.

The eighth Arc was serialized in Monthly Comic Nora (Gakken). A long arc called People Drifting Through Time and Space Arc. A sequel to the Immigration Arc. The Count of St. Germain from the Underwater Pyramid Arc appears, but his design is different.

Ishinomori's death made this the last work of the series, although it is not the final chapter.

Written and illustrated by Shotaro Ishinomori; serialized in Monthly Shnen King; published in Japan by Akita Shoten and other companies through its history; published in North America by Tokyopop.

The Tokyopop release took multiple liberties with the dialogue and translation, and was sourced from the Media Factory "MF Comics" release that had been published in 2003. The MF Comics release had comprised 36 volumes, of which Tokyopop had only covered 10. The most speculated reason among American fans for the discontinuation of Cyborg 009 in America at volume 10 was due to Ishinomori's initial intent to have the Yomi arc be the end of the series, but he wound up continuing due to the fan letters that urged him to resurrect 009 and 002.

Digital comics distributor comiXology licensed the entire catalogue from Ishimori Productions in 2012[1] and has since made the first 10 volumes of Cyborg 009 available. It is not known if comiXology intends to translate the entire series, as the volumes available had recycled the original Tokyopop adaptation by Mike Wellman and Bryan Matsumoto.

In April 2012, Shogakukan announced that the Cyborg 009 manga would be given a proper conclusion in Weekly Shnen Sunday.[2] Entitled Cyborg 009 Conclusion: God's War, the manga is to be illustrated by Masato Hayase and based on Ishinomori's original concept notes, sketches, and a novel draft, all of which had been gathered by his son, Jo Onodera. Conclusion is scheduled to debut on April 13, 2012.[3]

A full-color graphic novel based off the franchise was released at San Diego Comic-Con International on July 21, 2013 to align with the anniversary of Ishinomori's original manga. The book is a condensed retelling of the 00 Cyborgs' battle against Black Ghost, led by Sekar (Skull). The book also cites Foundation X, the recurring evil organization from the Kamen Rider Series since Kamen Rider W, as being the financial backers of Black Ghost, as they are for the various Evil Organizations in the recent Kamen Rider series.[4] The full release date is scheduled for September 11, 2013.[5] The graphic novel is written by F. J. DeSanto and Bradley Cramp, penciled and inked by Marcus To and published by Archaia Comics.[6]

The first Cyborg 009 film was released on July 21, 1966. It was produced by: Hiroshi kawa (uncredited) and directed by Yugo Serikawa

Cyborg 009: Monster Wars (009 , Saiboogu Zero-Zero-Nain Kaijuu Sensou?) was the second film for Cyborg 009 and released on March 19, 1967. It was produced by Hiroshi kawa and Directed by Yugo Serikawa

The theme Song for the films was Song of Cyborg 009 (009, Saibgu Zero Zero Nain no Uta?) (Lyrics: Masahisa Urushibara, Composer, Arrangement: Taichir Kosugi, Singer: Tokyo Meister Singer)

An anime film for the second anime TV series was released on December 20, 1980 called Cyborg 009: Legend of the Super Vortex (009 , Saibgu Zero Zero Nain: Chou Ginga Densetsu?) It should be noted that this title is frequently mistranslated by fans who opt for the first definition in a Japanese-English dictionary; the word ginga can mean 'galaxy' but is usually used for 'vortex', which is the purpose of the word in the film (there's a weapon called the Super Vortex, but no weapon dealing with a Super Galaxy).

The theme song was Love of 1 Billion Lightyears (10, Juu-oku Kounen no Ai?) (Lyrics: Michio Yamagami, Composer: Kichi Morita, Arrangement: Reijir Koroku, Singer: Yoshito Machida).

A 3DCG movie produced by Production I.G., Sanzigen and Ishimori Productions, was released on October 27, 2012. Kenji Kamiyama is the director and writer. Kenji Kawai, who has worked before with Kamiyama on Moribito: Guardian of the Spirit and Eden of the East, is composing the music. The film was released in Japan on October 27, 2012. It will also open simultaneously in more than five Asian regions, including Hong Kong, Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, and South Korea.[7] A manga adaptation by Gatou Asou, character designer for Moribito and Occult Academy, is currently being serialized in Square Enix's Monthly Big Gangan.[8] The UK anime distributor Anime Limited has announced that they have acquired the movie and will produce an English dub at NYAV Post.[9]Madman Entertainment also has rights to release the film in Australia and New Zealand.[10] At Anime Expo 2013, Funimation had announced that they acquired the film for North America.[11] The English voice cast was announced on April 16, 2015.[12]

An Anime adaptation was released on April 5, 1968 on NET and ended on September 27, 1968 with a total of 26 episodes. Directed by Yugo Serikawa, Takeshi Tamiya, Tomoharu Katsumata, Toshio Katsuda, Taiji Yabushita, Ryz Tanaka, Yoshikata Nitta, Kazuya Miyazaki, Fusahiro Nagaki, Minoru Okazaki, Yoshio Takami

The opening theme song for the anime series was (Lyrics: Masahisa Urushibara, Composer, Arrangement: Taichir Kosugi, Vocals: Tokyo Meister Singer. the ending theme was End the Battle (, Tatakai Owatte?) (Lyrics: Shotaro Ishinomori, Composer, Arrangement: Taichir Kosugi, Singer: Vocal Shop)

The "009 DVD BOX" was released on January 2006 from Buena Vista Home Entertainment. The low-priced edition "009 1968 DVD-COLLECTION" was released in July 2009 from TOEI COMPANY,LTD.

Another anime for Cyborg 009 was released on March 6, 1979 on TV Asahi and ended on March 25, 1980 with a total of 50 episodes.

The opening theme song for the anime was For Whose Sake (, Taga tame ni?). The lyrics were by Shotaro Ishinomori, the composer was Masaaki Harao, the arrangement was done by Koichi Sugiyama and vocals were provided by Ken Narita and Koorogi '73); the ending theme was Someday (, Itsu no Hi ka?). The lyrics were by Sabur Yatsude while the composer was Masaaki Harao, the arrangement was done by Koichi Sugiyama and vocals were provided by Koorogi '73.

A third Television series, entitled Cyborg 009: The Cyborg Soldier was broadcast on TV Tokyo from October 14, 2001 to October 13, 2002 on Sundays at 18:30. It spanned a total of fifty-one episodes.

The Opening theme song for the third anime TV series was "What's the Justice?" by Globe. The First ending theme was "Genesis of Next" by Globe followed by "Starting from Here" by Globe and later was replaced with "I Do" by Fayray.

Due to the non-union status of the English dub, most actors were left uncredited or under aliases.

A three-part original video animation crossover with Go Nagai's Devilman series, titled Cyborg 009 Vs. Devilman, will receive a two-week theatrical release in October 2015. The OVA will be directed by Jun Kawagoe.[13][14]

A radio drama was produced for NBS's Kirin Radio Theater from January 29 to February 23, 1979.

A second radio drama, entitled Cyborg 009: Birth, was aired in two parts on September 21 and 28, 2009.

Three video games based on the series were released only in Japan. One of them was an action platformer released for the Super Famicom by BEC in 1994, in which each level one of the eight adult cyborgs (001 is not playable) is selected as the leader of a strike force for a particular mission and the player is allowed to choose two others to accompany them. The other game (released by Telenet Japan's subsidiary Riot) in 1993 was for the Mega CD and is also a side scroller. In 2002, Simple Characters 2000 Series Vol. 15: Cyborg 009: The Block Kuzushi was released for the PlayStation by Bandai.

The 1979 version aired in Italy and became popular with Italian viewers.

The 2001 version aired on MBC 3 several times starting from 2005 and became extremely popular with Arab viewers.

The 1967 movie was aired in Mexico, and years later, the 2001 Television series aired on Toonami in 2003, and was later replayed on Cadena Tres in 2007, and was quite popular with Mexican viewers.

The 1979 series was broadcast with English subtitles on Japanese-language television in Hawaii, California, and the New York City area. The English subtitles were produced by San Francisco-based, Fuji Television, which did not broadcast the series as part of its Japanese programming on KEMO-TV.

The 1980 film was released stateside in 1988 by Celebrity Home Entertainment as Defenders of the Vortex with an edited version of a poorly received English dub that was commissioned through the Tokyo, Japan-based Frontier Enterprises. It later received an unedited direct-to-video English release in 1995 by Best Film and Video Corporation with the full version of the same dub.

The 2001 TV series was licensed by Avex Inc. (the North American branch of Avex Mode, the 2001 series' original distributor in Japan) and dubbed into English by Animaze and ZRO Limit Productions. The entire series was dubbed, with the first 26 episodes shown on the Toonami programming block on Cartoon Network, while episodes 27 to 47 were shown in a late-night block before the show was dropped from the lineup. The first 8 episodes are currently available on DVD from Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment in both an uncut bilingual and a dub-only "cut" broadcast version, though as of 2015, none of the other episodes have become available on home video. Japanese and Hong Kong releases remain the only way to see the entire series on DVD, while Madman Entertainment released the first 26 dubbed episodes to DVD in Australia.

The 2012 movie is licensed by FUNimation Entertainment (North America), Anime Limited (UK), and Madman Entertainment (Australia/New Zealand), with an English dub produced by NYAV Post, and a theatrical release in all three territories.[17]

In the 1990s manga The Skull Man, Joe/009 makes an appearance in Chapter 36 in a chance meeting with Ryuusei Chisato, the Skull Man. Both discuss the nature of evil and humanity over coffee, and meet (again by chance) when the Skull Man stops a dirty deal by politicians going on at the docks. In the 2007 anime, The Skull Man was set up as a pseudo prequel of Cyborg 009. With many of the events in the series finale setting up Cyborg 009. In the 1997 anime King of Braves GaoGaiGar, the character Soldato J is a tribute to Jet Link/002, sharing his love of flight, acceleration mode, and characteristic nose. J's number in the Corps to which he belongs is 002, further reinforcing this link.

Cyborg 009 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Redheads, Irish or Not, Share Lucky Traits – ABC News

Posted on November 5, 2015 by Danzig

Redheads, as they say, wear the map of Ireland all over their faces. Sorry, ginger-haired English Prince Harry.

And the statistics bear that stereotype out.

Ireland has the highest per capita percentage of redheads in the world -- anywhere from 10 to 30 percent, according to Eupedia, a website that explores European genetics and ancestry. They are almost equally prevalent in Scotland and other pockets of Celtic pride. A slightly lower percentage hail from Cornwall in England and western parts of Switzerland.

Red hair is associated with the gene MC1R, a recessive and somewhat rare gene that occurs in only about 2 percent of the world's population, according to the National Institutes of Health. That means both parents must carry a copy of the gene to produce a red-haired child and often the trait skips generations.

Rarest of all are redheads with blue eyes. The majority have brown eyes or hazel or green shades.

Brian Braiker, executive editor of Digiday, who answered an ABCNews.com call for redheads with, "Better red than dead," said he is "always" mistaken for an Irishman. Ethnically, he is nearly all Ashkenazi Jew, except for a maternal grandmother who is Norwegian.

Not surprising. Why do you think they called the plundering Scandinavian Erik the Red?

Genetic genealogy has revealed a high percentage of people from southwest Norway coincide with a paternal lineage known as haplogroup Rib-L21, including its subclade, Rib-M222, which is typical of northern Ireland. Genealogists speculate that may be because the Vikings took Celtic slaves from Ireland to that part of Norway.

Braiker, 6-foot, 3-inches tall, with his brown eyes and full-fledged auburn beard, said he didn't have an easy time of it growing up a redhead. His coloring was nothing like his dark-haired father and light-haired mother.

"I endured jokes, 'Are you the milkman's son?' and 'Were you adopted,'" Braiker, 39, told ABCNews.com.

The gene apparently skipped a generation or two, as he confides his father's grandfather and a maternal cousin also had red hair.

One ancestry company, BritainsDNA, now offers parents the chance to see if they carry the recessive gene by sending in their saliva for testing. If both do, they have a one in four chance of conceiving a redhead. BritainsDNA conducted the biggest study of redhead genetics in the country, with more than 2,300 people who have undergone DNA tests.

Redheads like Braiker are more sensitive to hot and cold. And one 2008 study published in the New England Journal of Medicine revealed they need about 20 percent more anesthesia to knock them out for surgery.

"I have had dental work and a graft done years ago on the roof of my mouth and it is still sensitive to temperature," he said. "I have also been a life-long wussy."

Redheads are also better at making their own vitamin D, which helps protect against osteoporosis, because their bodies are more efficient at soaking up sunlight, according to Yahoo Health. Scottish researcher Jonathan Rees suggests the "ginger gene" may have helped protect redheads from rickets.

According to an article in Huffington Post UK, redheads share some other interesting traits: their hair is harder to dye than other shades; they have fewer, but thicker strands of hair' and they go gray more slowly.

But there are also health disadvantages.

The color of human skin, hair and eyes is dictated by two types of melanin pigment that are produced in the upper layers of the skin: pheomelanin, which is reddish-yellow, and eumelanin, which is brownish-black.

A 2012 study from the journal Nature, found that the pigment pheomelanin, which gives hair the red color, makes redheads more susceptible to the melanoma than fair-skinned blonds, even when they cover up their skin.

"What happens in the sun?" asked Braiker. "I stay out of it. The sun is not my friend. I get more freckles and I should wear a ridiculously high SPF on my face."

Growing up had its challenges, he said, but eventually there were social advantages to being a redhead.

"Over a lifetime, I have developed thick skin," said Braiker. "Growing up I was advanced a year in kindergarten or grade 1," he explained. "So I was a year younger with red hair and a little bit weaker than the rest. I was easy prey."

He grew his hair long in college, even sporting a red afro, and continued to get cat calls from strangers: "What's up carrot top?" and "Ronald McDonald." But, he said, it made him tougher.

"I always felt a little bit like a freak," said Braiker. "But over time, I learned to embrace the weirdness and it did help shape my personality. ... And there are definitely ladies who like redheads."

Read the original:

Redheads, Irish or Not, Share Lucky Traits - ABC News

Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Home

Posted on November 5, 2015 by Danzig

Opportunity Mars Rover Preparing for Active Winter NASA's Opportunity Mars rover will soon drive to the southern side of a valley where a sunward tilt will help the solar-powered rover keep active through the Martian winter. Read News >> View Related Image >> Opportunity Rover's 7th Mars Winter to Include New Study Area NASA's Opportunity rover has resumed driving after Mars emerged from behind the sun. Plans call for the rover to examine sites in Marathon Valley during the upcoming winter. Read News >> Watch Related Video >> Mars Missions to Pause Commanding in June, Due to Sun Next month, Mars will swing almost directly behind the sun from Earth's perspective, and this celestial geometry will lead to diminished communications with spacecraft at Mars. >> Martian Reminder of a Pioneering Flight Names related to the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic have been informally assigned to a crater NASA's Opportunity Mars rover is studying. This false-color view of the "Spirit of St. Louis Crater" and the "Lindbergh Mound" inside it comes from Opportunity's panoramic camera. >> Rock Spire in 'Spirit of St. Louis Crater' on Mars An elongated crater called "Spirit of St. Louis," with a rock spire in it, dominates a recent scene from the panoramic camera (Pancam) on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity. >> Mars Test Rover Joins Runners at Finish Line Runners at JPL cheer as a test model of NASA's Mars rover Opportunity does a ceremonial "crossing the finish line" after a relay marathon to celebrate the real rover surpassing the distance of a marathon race on Mars. >> Rover Amnesia Event Follows Latest Memory Reformatting The team operating NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity learned Thursday that the long-lived rover experienced a brief amnesia event related to its flash memory, the first since a reformatting of that nonvolatile type of memory a week earlier. >> NASA's Opportunity Mars Rover Passes Marathon Distance NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity completed its first Mars marathon Tuesday -- 26.219 miles (42.195 kilometers) with a finish time of roughly 11 years and two months. >> NASA Reformats Memory of Longest-Running Mars Rover After avoiding use of the rover's flash memory for three months, the team operating NASA's 11-year-old Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has reformatted the vehicle's flash memory banks and resumed storing some data overnight for transmitting later. >> Rover Examining Odd Mars Rocks at Valley Overlook NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity is investigating unusual rocks before reformatting the rover's memory and continued driving toward "Marathon Valley." >> Opportunity Rover Nears Mars Marathon Feat In February 2015, NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity is approaching a cumulative driving distance on Mars equal to the length of a marathon race. This map shows the rover's position relative to where it could surpass that distance. >> Hilltop Panorama Marks Mars Rover's 11th Anniversary A panorama from one of the highest elevations that NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has reached in its 11 years on Mars includes the U.S. flag at the summit. >> NASA Mars Rover Opportunity Climbs to High Point on Rim NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity, continuing to drive while engineers tackle a flash-memory issue, has reached a crater-rim high point on "Cape Tribulation." >> All Press Releases >> All Spotlights >>

Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Home

NASA to deliver new findings on Mars’ atmosphere – CNN.com

Posted on November 5, 2015 by Danzig

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover drilled this dime-sized hole to collect a sample from a rock called "Buckskin" on July 30.

Mars rover Curiosity

This April 10 view from the navigation camera on Curiosity shows the terrain ahead of the rover as it makes its way west through a valley called "Artist's Drive."

Mars rover Curiosity

The Mars rover Curiosity does a test drill on a rock dubbed "Bonanza King" to determine whether it would be a good place to dig deeper and take a sample. But after the rock shifted, the test was stopped.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity used the equivalent of a dust broom to sweep away reddish oxidized dust from the Bonanza King rock. The rover's team decided to ditch the site and drive Curiosity toward other destinations.

Mars rover Curiosity

Wheel tracks from Curiosity are seen on the sandy floor of a lowland area dubbed "Hidden Valley" in this image taken August 4.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover recently encountered this iron meteorite, which NASA named Lebanon. This find is similar in shape and luster to iron meteorites found on Mars by the previous generation of rovers.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity took this nighttime photo of a hole it drilled May 5 to collect soil samples. NASA said this image combines eight exposures taken after dark on May 13.

Mars rover Curiosity

An arm of Curiosity drills two holes into sandstone on May 5. The rock powder collected will be analyzed by the rover's onboard instruments.

Mars rover Curiosity

This view of the twilight sky and Martian horizon, taken by Curiosity, includes Earth as the brightest point of light in the night sky. Earth is a little left of center in the image, and our moon is just below Earth. A human observer with normal vision, if standing on Mars, could easily see Earth and the moon as two distinct, bright "evening stars."

Mars rover Curiosity

This mosaic of images from the Navigation Camera on Curiosity shows the terrain to the west from the rover's position on the 528th Martian day, or sol, of the mission on January 30. The images were taken right after Curiosity had arrived at the eastern edge of a location called "Dingo Gap."

Mars rover Curiosity

An illustration depicts the possible extent of an ancient lake inside Gale Crater, where the rover landed in August 2012. The $2.5 billion NASA mission set out to explore Gale Crater, which was thought to have once hosted flowing water. Curiosity found evidence of clay formations, or "mudstone," in the crater's Yellowknife Bay, scientists said in 2013. This clay may have held the key ingredients for life billions of years ago. It means a lake must have existed in the area.

Mars rover Curiosity

The Curiosity rover took this image of a rock formation informally dubbed "Darwin." Scientists had the rover stop in this region, called Waypoint 1, because it appeared to be a prime area to study the inner makeup and history of the floor of the Gale Crater. Analysis of Darwin may provide evidence of whether water played a role in the layering of rocks in this region.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity began a trek toward Mount Sharp after spending more than six months in the "Glenelg" area. This image was taken on July 16, 2013, after the rover passed the 1-kilometer mark for the total distance covered since the start of the mission.

Mars rover Curiosity

The lower slopes of Mount Sharp are visible at the top of this image, taken on July 9, 2013. The turret of tools at the end of the rover's arm, including the rock-sampling drill in the lower left corner, can also be seen.

Mars rover Curiosity

This image, taken by the rover on July 8, 2013, shows the tracks left behind after the rover's first drive away from the "Glenelg" area.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity drilled into a rock target called "Cumberland" on May 19, 2013, and it collected a powdered sample of material from the rock's interior. The sample will be compared to an earlier drilling at the "John Klein" site, which has a similar appearance and is about 9 feet away.

Mars rover Curiosity

Mars once had conditions favorable for microbial life, NASA scientists announced on March 12, 2013. One piece of evidence for that conclusion comes from this area of the Martian surface, nicknamed "Sheepbed." It shows veins of sediments that scientist believe were deposited under water and was an environment once hospitable to life.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rock on the left, called Wopmay, was discovered by the rover Opportunity, which arrived in 2004 on a different part of Mars. Iron-bearing sulfates indicate that this rock was once in acidic waters. On the right are rocks from Yellowknife Bay, where rover Curiosity was situated. These rocks are suggestive of water with a neutral pH, which is hospitable to life formation.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity shows the first sample of powdered rock extracted by the rover's drill. The image was taken by Curiosity's mast camera on February 20, 2013.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover drilled this hole, in a rock that's part of a flat outcrop researchers named "John Klein," during its first sample drilling on February 8, 2013.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity's first set of nighttime photos include this image of Martian rock illuminated by ultraviolet lights. Curiosity used the camera on its robotic arm, the Mars Hand Lens Imager, to capture the images on January 22, 2013.

Mars rover Curiosity

Another nighttime image includes this rock called Sayunei in the Yellowknife Bay area of Mars' Gale Crater. Curiosity's front-left wheel had scraped the rock to inspect for fresh, dust-free materials in an area where drilling for rock would soon begin.

Mars rover Curiosity

Other night photos included this image of the calibration target for the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera at the end of the rover's robotic arm. For scale, a penny on the calibration target is three-fourths of an inch in diameter.

Mars rover Curiosity

A view of what NASA describes as "veined, flat-lying rock." It was selected as the first drilling site for the Mars rover.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity used a dust-removal tool for the first time to clean this patch of rock on the Martian surface on January 6, 2013.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover captured this mosaic of images of winding rocks known as the Snake River on December 20, 2012.

Mars rover Curiosity

A view of the shallow depression known as "Yellowknife Bay," taken by the rover on December 12, 2012.

Mars rover Curiosity

The Mars rover Curiosity recorded this view from its left navigation camera after an 83-foot eastward drive on November 18, 2012. The view is toward "Yellowknife Bay" in the "Glenelg" area of Gale Crater.

Mars rover Curiosity

Three "bite marks" made by the rover's scoop can be seen in the soil on Mars surface on October 15, 2012.

Mars rover Curiosity

The robotic arm on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity delivered a sample of Martian soil to the rover's observation tray for the first time on October 16, 2012.

Mars rover Curiosity

This image shows part of the small pit or bite created when NASA's Mars rover Curiosity collected its second scoop of Martian soil on October 15, 2012. The rover team determined that the bright particle near the center of the image was native to Mars, and not debris from the rover's landing.

Mars rover Curiosity

This image shows what the rover team has determined to be a piece of debris from the spacecraft, possibly shed during the landing.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover's scoop contains larger soil particles that were too big to filter through a sample-processing sieve. After a full-scoop sample had been vibrated over the sieve, this portion was returned to the scoop for inspection by the rover's mast camera.

Mars rover Curiosity

This 360-degree panorama shows the area where the rover will spend about three weeks collecting scoopfuls of soil for examination. The photo comprises images taken from the rover's navigation camera on October 5, 2012.

Mars rover Curiosity

An area of windblown sand and dust downhill from a cluster of dark rocks has been selected as the likely location for the first use of the scoop on the arm of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity cut a wheel scuff mark into a wind-formed ripple at the "Rocknest" site on October 3, 2012. This gave researchers a better opportunity to examine the particle-size distribution of the material forming the ripple.

Mars rover Curiosity

NASA's Curiosity rover found evidence for what scientists believe was an ancient, flowing stream on Mars at a few sites, including the rock outcrop pictured here. The key evidence for the ancient stream comes from the size and rounded shape of the gravel in and around the bedrock, according to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/Caltech science team. The rounded shape leads the science team to conclude they were transported by a vigorous flow of water. The grains are too large to have been moved by wind.

Mars rover Curiosity

This photo is an up-close look at an outcrop that also shows evidence of flowing water, according to the JPL/Caltech science team. The outcrop's characteristics are consistent with rock that was formed by the deposition of water and is composed of many smaller rounded rocks cemented together. Water transport is the only process capable of producing the rounded shape of conglomerate rock of this size.

Mars rover Curiosity

Curiosity completed its longest drive to date on September 26, 2012. The rover moved about 160 feet east toward the area known as "Glenelg." As of that day the rover had moved about a quarter-mile from its landing site.

Mars rover Curiosity

This image shows the robotic arm of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity with the first rock touched by an instrument on the arm. The photo was taken by the rover's right navigation camera.

Mars rover Curiosity

This image combines photographs taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager at three distances from the first Martian rock that NASA's Curiosity rover touched with its arm. The images reveal that the target rock has a relatively smooth, gray surface with some glinty facets reflecting sunlight and reddish dust collecting in recesses in the rock.

Mars rover Curiosity

This rock will be the first target for Curiosity's contact instruments. Located on a turret at the end of the rover's arm, the contact instruments include the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer for reading a target's elemental composition and the Mars Hand Lens Imager for close-up imaging.

Mars rover Curiosity

Researchers used the Curiosity rover's mast camera to take a photo of the Alpha Particle X-Ray Spectrometer. The image was used to see whether it had been caked in dust during the landing.

Mars rover Curiosity

Researchers also used the mast camera to examine the Mars Hand Lens Imager on the rover to inspect its dust cover and check that its LED lights were functional. In this image, taken on September 7, 2012, the imager is in the center of the screen with its LED on. The main purpose of Curiosity's imager camera is to acquire close-up, high-resolution views of rocks and soil from the Martian surface.

Mars rover Curiosity

This is the open inlet where powdered rock and soil samples will be funneled down for analysis. The image is made up of eight photos taken on September 11, 2012, by the imager and is used to check that the instrument is operating correctly.

Mars rover Curiosity

This is the calibration target for the imager. This image, taken on September 9, 2012, shows that the surface of the calibration target is covered with a layor of dust as a result of the landing. The calibration target includes color references, a metric bar graphic, a penny for scale comparison, and a stair-step pattern for depth calibration.

Mars rover Curiosity

This view of the three left wheels of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity combines two images that were taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager on September 9, 2012, the 34th day of Curiosity's work on Mars. In the distance is the lower slope of Mount Sharp.

Mars rover Curiosity

This view of the lower front and underbelly areas of NASA's Mars rover Curiosity was taken by the rover's Mars Hand Lens Imager. Also visible are the hazard avoidance cameras on the front of the rover.

Mars rover Curiosity

The penny in this image is part of a camera calibration target on NASA's Mars rover Curiosity. The image was taken by the Mars Hand Lens Imager camera.

Mars rover Curiosity

The rover captured this mosiac of a rock feature called 'Snake River" on December 20, 2012.

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NASA to deliver new findings on Mars' atmosphere - CNN.com

Moore’s Law – Cymer, Inc.

Posted on November 5, 2015 by Danzig

The Driving Force in the Semiconductor Industry

"Moore's Law" is well-known and widely used in the semiconductor industry term to describe the advancement in semiconductor device technology. First observed by Intel Corporation co-founder and former chairman Gordon E. Moore in 1965, the empirical theory predicts that the transistor density onintegrated circuits (ICs) increases exponentially, doubling approximately every two years with proportionate decreases in cost. This prediction has held true since then andis a driving force oftechnology advancements worldwide.

To continue to meet Moore's Law, the length and width of a transistor must shrink about 30% every 18 months. The ability to pattern smaller circuits depends on the wavelength of the light used in the photolithography process. A shorter wavelength of light can image circuitry with smaller critical dimensions (CDs) and pitch, which in turn allows the transistors to be smaller and transistor density to increase.

Since the introduction of its first Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) light source, Cymer has played a significant role in the advance of integrated circuit manufacturing.Cymer has worked to continuouslyimprove light source performance, enabling theapplication of its light sources to pattern ever smaller circuitry. As lithography continues to extend Moore's Law, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography will succeed double-patterning ArF immersion lithography allowing the scaling of feature sizes and half-pitch to 22nm and beyond.

Furtherinformation on Moore's Law can be found on the Intel Corporation website.

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Moore's Law - Cymer, Inc.

Freedomtexas.org – Texas Secession, Texas independence …

Posted on November 5, 2015 by Danzig

TEXANS, ITS TIME SOMEONE SPEAKS THE TRUTH

I know that this article will catch lots of grief and criticism, but I and millions of Texans are fed up with the rhetoric, misleading reporting, and just plain naivete or stupidity of the press in the handling of Obama and the present Islamist situation we have in this world.

Every day we actually watch the truth of the Muslim world on TV. My God, when you see it, how can you not believe it? Radical Islam has declared war worldwide! Now, from Bill OReilly to our local news reporters, everyone - including the retired generals interviewed about the subject - all say the same thing: We cannot understand why Obama does not do more about the violence from Islamist radicals. We dont understand why Obama will not engage. Why does Obama want to raise taxes and continue to write mandates through executive orders that harm America? All I hear is that he is a good family man, and nice guy, and maybe he just doesnt understand.

Fellow Texans, he not only understands, but he knows exactly what he is doing! Did you read his book Dreams From My Father? He hates America! He hates a red Texas. He is a supporter of the Muslim religion. He orchestrated the Arab Spring and covered it up with a move for democracy. Those countries wouldnt know democracy if they stepped in it! It was a takeover by the Muslim Brotherhood, and was supported by Obama. The political correctness and nice guy reporting must stop, and people better wake the hell up because we are sliding into a cesspool that we will never get out of.

Obama is a socialist, Islamist apologist, America-hating radical who is pulling off what he told all of us when he got elected the first time: We will fundamentally change America. Can everyone wake up and see that he is doing exactly that?

To the Governor of Texas, the legislature in Texas, the spineless Congress in Washington DC: I know the majority of you only care about power, money, and your next elected office, but you damn well better start telling the truth about Obama, his administration, and his ultimate goal of destroying America, or as they say in the not listened too part of America, the you-know-what will hit the fan! We common everyday folks can see through this like a glass door and will not stay quiet any longer!

When the SHTF scenario begins - and it will - all of you from the press to the sitting elected plutcocrats will have no one to blame but yourselves. We all know that you will label patriots as home-grown terrorists, right wing radicals, Bible toting gun lovers, but, in reality, they are good people who saw through the BS of this government a long time ago; people who will not give up their freedom and liberty at any cost. It will be the People who understand that Obama and his minions are evil!

We in Texas demand of those who can make a difference: stand up! Take care of Texas by getting us out of this situation. The next two years of this administration will cause the fall of all the states and the US government, or worse yet, a civil war that will make the Civil War of 1861 look like a skirmish!

Can we return to a small government led by and founded on the God-given rights as laid out by our Founding Fathers? Will you say the truth of the real evil that runs DC now? Will you stop lying to the people who know that what you say are lies? If not, people of Texas, it is time to get off the couch, take firm action with our elected leaders, and do not surrender our beloved home, our Texas, to those that lie and refuse to act!

Deny this if you will, but most know it to be true. Those that know will be enough to change things. I believe that, because there is nothing else left to believe in anymore!

God Bless Texas, Cary Wise Freedom Texas

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Freedomtexas.org - Texas Secession, Texas independence ...

Where are the SD Beaches? – North and South Dakota – The …

Posted on November 4, 2015 by Danzig

If you plan on traveling to South Dakota during the summer, it may help to know where the beaches are because it gets pretty hot here in July.

In all South Dakota Parks there is a daily entrance fee, or you can buy a yearly entrance for $23.00. When we went to Custer State Park they had the same thing but the entrance fee was $10.00 and lasted for 7 days, so we might as well have went ahead and bought the Annual Park License.

The first beach we visited when we moved to Tripp SD, was a campground and beach south of Tripp near Lake Andes called North Point Campground. The ranger approached our car, and asked if we had a park license, which we had no clue what she was talking about, and she wouldn't let us drive around and take a look. So here's another picture I was able to get of the campground. See the campground rules and camping fees.

Aberdeen-Mina Lake - 11 miles west of Aberdeen off Hwy 12 - phone 626-3488 -Richmond Lake - 10 miles northwest of Aberdeen off Hwy 12 - phone 626-3488 Arlington, Bruce, SD -Lake Poinsett - 12 miles north, 2 miles east of Arlington, off Hwy 81 - 46109 202nd St Bruce, SD 57220 Tel: (605) 627-5441 Big Bend, SD -North Shore - 2 miles west, 1 mile north of Big Bend on Hwy 47 - phone 245-2255 Canton, SD Newton Hills State Park, has a beach - 28771 482nd Ave Canton, SD 57013 phone 987-2263 Clear Lake -Lake Cochrane - 10 miles east of Clear Lake off Hwy 22 - phone 882-5200 Lake Andes -North Point Recreation area - St Francis swim beach sign - located 1 mile northwest of Pickstown off Hwy 281- phone 487-7046 Carthage, SD Lake Carthage - 1 mile northeast of Carthage - phone 256 - 5003 Custer SD -Custer State Park - has quite a few beaches and campgrounds. Gettysburg West Whitlock - 18 miles west of Gettysburg off highway 12 - phone 765-9410 Harrisburg, SD Lake Alvin State Recreation Area, no camping - 4 miles east, 1 mile north of Harrisburg off Co. 135. phone 987-2263 Lake City -Roy Lake - 3 miles west of Lake City off Hwy 10 - phone 448-5701 Lake Preston -Lake Thompson - 6 miles southwest of Lake Preston off Hwy 14 - phone 847-4893 Madison, SD Lake Herman - 9 miles southeast of Madison off SD 19 - phone 256 - 5003 Milbank -Hartford Beach - 15 miles north of Milbank off Hwy 15 - phone 432-6374 Miller -Lake Louise - 14 miles northwest of Miller off Hwy 14 - phone 853-2533 -Rosehill - 10 miles east, 12.5 miles south of Miller off Hwy 14 - phone 472-1212 Mobridge -Indian Creek - 2 miles southeast of Mobridge, hwy 12 - phone 845-7112 -Indian Memorial - 2 miles northwest of Mobridge, hwy 12 - phone 845-2252 -Revheim Bay - 1 mile southwest of Mobridge, off hwy 12 - phone 845-7112 Montrose, SD Lake Vermillion Recreation Area - 5 miles south off I 90 at exit 374 - phone 296-3643 Pierre -Farm Island - 4 miles east of Pierre on highway 34 - phone 773-2885 -Oahe Downstream - 5 miles north of Fort Pierre off SD 1806 - phone 223-7722 -West Bend - phone 773-2885 - 26 miles east, 9 miles south of Pierre, on Highway 34 Platte -Buryanek - phone 337-2587 located 18 miles west, and 2.5 miles north of Platte on Hwy 44 -Snake Creek Campground and beach - located on Hwy 44 Francis Case Lake Selby -Lake Hiddenwood - 2 miles east, 3 miles north of Selby off highway 12 and 83 - phone 765-9410 Timber Lake -Little Moreau - located 6 miles south of Timber Lake off highway 20 - phone 374-5114 Volga -Oakwood Lakes - 10 miles west of Volga off Hwy 14 - phone 627-5441 - phone 627-5441 Watertown -Pelican Lake - 9 miles southwest of Watertown off Hwy 212 - phone 882-5200 -Sandy Shore - 5 miles west of Watertown off hwy 212 - phone 882-5200 Waubay -Pickerel Lake - 10 miles west of Waubay off Hwy 12 - phone 486-4753 Yankton - Lewis and Clark Recreation Area - 6 miles west of Yankton on Hwy 62 phone 668-2985

-Shadehill - 14 miles south of Lemmon on highway 73 - phone 374-5114 -Roubaix Lake - 13 miles south of Deadwood on highway 385 - phone 574-4402 -North Cove Group Area - Sheridan Lake (reservations only) phone 574-4402 -Sheridan Lake - located on the south shore of Sheridan Lake - phone 574-4402 -Pactola - located on the south shore of Pactola Lake - phone 574-4402 -Custer State Park - 5 miles east of Custer on highway 16A - phone 255-4515 East Shore Beach -Cold Brook - 2 miles north of Hot Springs off highway 385 - phone 745-5476 -Angostura - 10 miles southeast of Hot Springs off highway 18 - phone 745-6996

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Where are the SD Beaches? - North and South Dakota - The ...

Libertarianism and Objectivism – Wikipedia, the free …

Posted on November 3, 2015 by Danzig

Ayn Rand's philosophy of Objectivism has been and continues to be a major influence on the libertarian movement, particularly in the United States. Many libertarians justify their political views using aspects of Objectivism.[1] However, the views of Rand and her philosophy among prominent libertarians are mixed and many Objectivists are hostile to non-Objectivist libertarians in general.[2]

Some libertarians, including Murray Rothbard and Walter Block, hold the view that the non-aggression principle is an irreducible concept: it is not the logical result of any given ethical philosophy but, rather, is self-evident as any other axiom is. Rand, too, argued that liberty was a precondition of virtuous conduct,[3] but argued that her non-aggression principle itself derived from a complex set of previous knowledge and values. For this reason, Objectivists refer to the non-aggression principle as such, while libertarians who agree with Rothbard's argument call it "the non-aggression axiom." Rothbard and other anarcho-capitalists hold that government requires non-voluntary taxation to function and that in all known historical cases, the state was established by force rather than social contract.[4] They thus consider the establishment and maintenance of the night-watchman state supported by Objectivists to be in violation of the non-aggression principle. On the other hand, Rand believes that government can in principle be funded through voluntary means.[5]

Jennifer Burns in her biography Goddess of the Market: Ayn Rand and the American Right, notes how Rand's position that "Native Americans were savages", and that as a result "European colonists had a right to seize their land because native tribes did not recognize individual rights", was one of the views that "particularly outraged libertarians."[6] Burns also notes how Rand's position that "Palestinians had no rights and that it was moral to support Israel, the sole outpost of civilization in a region ruled by barbarism", was also a controversial position amongst libertarians, who at the time were a large portion of Rand's fan base.[6]

Libertarians and Objectivists often disagree about matters of foreign policy. Rand's rejection of what she deemed to be "primitivism" extended to the Middle East peace process in the 1970s.[6][7] Following the Arab-Israeli War of 1973, Rand denounced Arabs as "primitive" and "one of the least developed cultures" who "are typically nomads."[7] Consequently, Rand contended Arab resentment for Israel was a result of the Jewish state being "the sole beachhead of modern science and civilization on their (Arabs) continent", while decreeing that "when you have civilized men fighting savages, you support the civilized men, no matter who they are."[7] Many libertarians were highly critical of Israeli government at the time.[citation needed]

Most scholars of the libertarian Cato Institute have opposed military intervention against Iran,[8] while the Objectivist Ayn Rand Institute has supported forceful intervention in Iran.[9][10]

The United States Libertarian Party's first candidate for president of the United States, John Hospers, credited Rand as a major force in shaping his own political beliefs.[11]David Boaz, executive vice president of the Cato Institute, an American libertarian think tank, described Rand's work as "squarely within the libertarian tradition" and that some libertarians are put off by "the starkness of her presentation and by her cult following."[12]Milton Friedman described Rand as "an utterly intolerant and dogmatic person who did a great deal of good."[13] One Rand biographer quoted Murray Rothbard as saying that he was "in agreement basically with all [Rand's] philosophy," and saying that it was Rand who had "convinced him of the theory of natural rights..."[14] Rothbard would later become a particularly harsh critic of Rand, writing in The Sociology of the Ayn Rand Cult that:

The major lesson of the history of the [objectivist] movement to libertarians is that It Can Happen Here, that libertarians, despite explicit devotion to reason and individuality, are not exempt from the mystical and totalitarian cultism that pervades other ideological as well as religious movements. Hopefully, libertarians, once bitten by the virus, may now prove immune.[15]

Some Objectivists have argued that Objectivism is not limited to Rand's own positions on philosophical issues and are willing to work with and identify with the libertarian movement. This stance is most clearly identified with David Kelley (who separated from the Ayn Rand Institute because of disagreements over the relationship between Objectivists and libertarians), Chris Sciabarra, Barbara Branden (Nathaniel Branden's former wife), and others. Kelley's Atlas Society has focused on building a closer relationship between "open Objectivists" and the libertarian movement.[citation needed]

Rand condemned libertarianism as being a greater threat to freedom and capitalism than both modern liberalism and conservatism.[16] Rand regarded Objectivism as an integrated philosophical system. Libertarianism, in contrast, is a political philosophy which confines its attention to matters of public policy. For example, Objectivism argues positions in metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics, whereas libertarianism does not address such questions. Rand believed that political advocacy could not succeed without addressing what she saw as its methodological prerequisites. Rand rejected any affiliation with the libertarian movement and many other Objectivists have done so as well.[17]

Rand said of libertarians that:

They're not defenders of capitalism. They're a group of publicity seekers.... Most of them are my enemies... I've read nothing by Libertarians (when I read them, in the early years) that wasn't my ideas badly mishandledi.e., the teeth pulled out of themwith no credit given."[16]

In a 1981 interview, Rand described libertarians as "a monstrous, disgusting bunch of people" who "plagiarize my ideas when that fits their purpose."[16]

Responding to a question about the Libertarian Party in 1976, Rand said:

The trouble with the world today is philosophical: only the right philosophy can save us. But this party plagiarizes some of my ideas, mixes them with the exact oppositewith religionists, anarchists and every intellectual misfit and scum they can findand call themselves libertarians and run for office."[18]

In 2011, Yaron Brook, president of the Ayn Rand Institute, spoke at the Foundation for Economic Education.[19] He was a keynote speaker at FreedomFest 2012.[20] He appeared on ReasonTV on July 26, 2012.[21]

Ayn Rand Institute board member John Allison spoke at the Cato Club 200 Retreat in September 2012,[22] contributed "The Real Causes of the Financial Crisis" to Cato's Letter,[23] and spoke at Cato's Monetary Conference in November, 2011.[24]

On June 25, 2012, the Cato Institute announced that John Allison would become its next president.[25] In Cato's public announcement, Allison was described as a "revered libertarian." In communication to Cato employees, he wrote, "I believe almost all the name calling between libertarians and objectivists is irrational. I have come to appreciate that all objectivists are libertarians, but not all libertarians are objectivists."[26]

On October 15, 2012, Brook explained the changes to The American Conservative:

I dont think theres been a significant change in terms of our attitude towards libertarians. Two things have happened. Weve grown, and weve gotten to a size where we dont just do educational programs, we do a lot more outreach and a lot more policy and working with other organizations. I also believe the libertarian movement has changed. Its become less influenced by Rothbard, less influenced by the anarchist, crazy for lack of a better word, wing of libertarianism. As a consequence, because were bigger and doing more things and because libertarianism has become more reasonable, we are doing more work with them than we have in the past. But I dont think ideologically anything of substance has changed at the Institute.[27]

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Libertarianism and Objectivism - Wikipedia, the free ...

Home Institute for Human Genetics at UCSF

Posted on November 3, 2015 by Danzig

Y.W. Kans pioneering research into the hemoglobinopathies sickle cell anemia and thalassemia has widely impacted genetic research, diagnostics, and treatment of human disease. The Institute for Human Genetics is proud to recognize Y.W. Kan with a symposium honoring his decades-long contributions.

Y.W. Kan arrived at UCSF in the 1970s when he and many others (including Herb Boyer and Bishop & Varmus) helped usher in the era of molecular genetics. With long-time collaborator Andre Dozy, he discovered the first polymorphism in human DNA by Southern blot analysis in 1978, launching the ability to map genes on human chromosomes.

He and another long-time collaborator, Judy Chang, used those same techniques in 1979 to show how missing genes cause disease. He is the recipient of many national and international awards for his contributions. He continues to investigate the treatment of these diseases using stem cell and iPS cell therapies.

The Symposium will feature presentations from James Gusella, Katherine High, Dennis Lo, Bertram Lubin, Robert Nussbaum, Stuart Orkin, and Griffin Rodgers. Stuart Orkin will be featured as the 2015 Charles J. and Lois B. Epstein Visiting Professor.

Featured topics will includegene mapping, gene therapy, hemoglobinopathies, and non-invasive prenatal testing.

The IHG Symposium will be held November 2, 2015 at 1:00-6:30 in Cole Hall on the UCSF Parnassus campus and will include a poster session and awards.

IHG Symposium website|Register Now

Home Institute for Human Genetics at UCSF

Freedom to Tinker Research and expert commentary on …

Posted on November 3, 2015 by Danzig

Yesterday I posted some thoughts about Purdue Universitys decision to destroy a video recording of my keynote address at its Dawn or Doom colloquium. The organizers had gone dark, and a promised public link was not forthcoming. After a couple of weeks of hoping to resolve the matter quietly, I did some digging and decided to write up what I learned. I posted on the web site of the Century Foundation, my main professional home:

It turns out that Purdue has wiped all copies of my video and slides from university servers, on grounds that I displayed classified documents briefly on screen. A breach report was filed with the universitys Research Information Assurance Officer, also known as the Site Security Officer, under the terms of Defense Department Operating Manual 5220.22-M. I am told that Purdue briefly considered, among other things, whether to destroy the projector I borrowed, lest contaminants remain.

I was, perhaps, naive, but pretty much all of that came as a real surprise.

Lets rewind. Information Assurance? Site Security?

These are familiar terms elsewhere, but new to me in a university context. I learned that Purdue, like a number of its peers, has a facility security clearance to perform classified U.S. government research. The manual of regulations runs to 141 pages. (Its terms forbid uncleared trustees to ask about the work underway on their campus, but thats a subject for another day.) The pertinent provision here, spelled out at length in a manual called Classified Information Spillage, requires sanitization, physical removal, or destruction of classified information discovered on unauthorized media.

Two things happened in rapid sequence around the time I told Purdue about my post.

First, the university broke a week-long silence and expressed a measure of regret:

UPDATE: Just after posting this item I received an email from Julie Rosa, who heads strategic communications for Purdue. She confirmed that Purdue wiped my video after consulting the Defense Security Service, but the university now believes it went too far.

In an overreaction while attempting to comply with regulations, the video was ordered to be deleted instead of just blocking the piece of information in question. Just FYI: The conference organizers were not even aware that any of this had happened until well after the video was already gone.

Im told we are attempting to recover the video, but I have not heard yet whether that is going to be possible. When I find out, I will let you know and we will, of course, provide a copy to you.

Then Edward Snowden tweeted the link, and the Century Foundations web site melted down. It now redirects to Medium, where you can find the full story.

I have not heard back from Purdue today about recovery of the video. It is not clear to me how recovery is even possible, if Purdue followed Pentagon guidelines for secure destruction. Moreover, although the university seems to suggest it could have posted most of the video, it does not promise to do so now. Most importantly, the best that I can hope for here is that my remarks and slides will be made available in redacted form with classified images removed, and some of my central points therefore missing. There would be one version of the talk for the few hundred people who were in the room on Sept. 24, and for however many watched the live stream, and another version left as the only record.

For our purposes here, the most notable questions have to do with academic freedom in the context of national security. How did a university come to sanitize a public lecture it had solicited, on the subject of NSA surveillance, from an author known to possess the Snowden documents? How could it profess to be shocked to find that spillage is going on at such a talk? The beginning of an answer came, I now see, in the question and answer period after my Purdue remarks. A post-doctoral research engineer stood up to ask whether the documents I had put on display were unclassified. No, I replied. Theyre classified still. Eugene Spafford, a professor of computer science there, later attributed that concern to junior security rangers on the faculty and staff. But the display of Top Secret material, he said, once noted, is something that cannot be unnoted.

Someone reported my answer to Purdues Research Information Assurance Officer, who reported in turn to Purdues representative at the Defense Security Service. By the terms of its Pentagon agreement, Purdue decided it was now obliged to wipe the video of my talk in its entirety. I regard this as a rather devout reading of the rules, which allowed Purdue to realistically consider the potential harm that may result from compromise of spilled information. The slides I showed had been viewed already by millions of people online. Even so, federal funding might be at stake for Purdue, and the notoriously vague terms of the Espionage Act hung over the decision. For most lawyers, abundance of caution would be the default choice. Certainly that kind of thinking is commonplace, and sometimes appropriate, in military and intelligence services.

But universities are not secret agencies. They cannot lightly wear the shackles of a National Industrial Security Program, as Purdue agreed to do. The values at their core, in principle and often in practice, are open inquiry and expression.

I do not claim I suffered any great harm when Purdue purged my remarks from its conference proceedings. I do not lack for publishers or public forums. But the next person whose talk is disappeared may have fewer resources.

More importantly, to my mind, Purdue has compromised its own independence and that of its students and faculty. It set an unhappy precedent, even if the people responsible thought they were merely following routine procedures.

One can criticize the university for its choices, and quite a few have since I published my post. What interests me is how nearly the results were foreordained once Purdue made itself eligible for Top Secret work.

Think of it as a classic case of mission creep. Purdue invited the secret-keepers of the Defense Security Service into one cloistered corner of campus (a small but significant fraction of research in certain fields, as the university counsel put it). The trustees accepted what may have seemed a limited burden, confined to the precincts of classified research.

Now the security apparatus claims jurisdiction over the campus (facility) at large. The university finds itself sanitizing a conference that has nothing to do with any government contract.

I am glad to see that Princeton takes the view that [s]ecurity regulations and classification of information are at variance with the basic objectives of a University. It does not permit faculty members to do classified work on campus, which avoids Purdues facility problem. And even so, at Princeton and elsewhere, there may be an undercurrent of self-censorship and informal restraint against the use of documents derived from unauthorized leaks.

Two of my best students nearly dropped a course I taught a few years back, called Secrecy, Accountability and the National Security State, when they learned the syllabus would include documents from Wikileaks. Both had security clearances, for summer jobs, and feared losing them. I told them I would put the documents on Blackboard, so they need not visit the Wikileaks site itself, but the readings were mandatory. Both, to their credit, stayed in the course. They did so against the advice of some of their mentors, including faculty members. The advice was purely practical. The U.S. government will not give a clear answer when asked whether this sort of exposure to published secrets will harm job prospects or future security clearances. Why take the risk?

Every student and scholar must decide for him- or herself, but I think universities should push back harder, and perhaps in concert. There is a treasure trove of primary documents in the archives made available by Snowden and Chelsea Manning. The government may wish otherwise, but that information is irretrievably in the public domain. Should a faculty member ignore the Snowden documents when designing a course on network security architecture? Should a student write a dissertation on modern U.S.-Saudi relations without consulting the numerous diplomatic cables on Wikileaks? To me, those would be abdications of the basic duty to seek out authoritative sources of knowledge, wherever they reside.

I would be interested to learn how others have grappled with these questions. I expect to write about them in my forthcoming book on surveillance, privacy and secrecy.

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Freedom Forum | Newseum Institute

Posted on November 3, 2015 by Danzig

The Freedom Forum, based in Washington, D.C., is a nonpartisan foundation that champions the First Amendment as a cornerstone of democracy, and is the principal funder of the Newseum and Newseum Institute.

The Newseum Institute is the education and outreach partner of the Newseum, including the First Amendment Center, the Religious Freedom Centerand the Newseums Education department.

The Newseum Institute also is affiliated with the Al Neuharth Media Centerat the University of South Dakota; the Overby Center for Southern Journalism and Politics at the University of Mississippi; and the John Seigenthaler Center at Vanderbilt University, which houses segments of the Institutes First Amendment and diversity education and training programs, including training sessions for the Chips Quinn Scholars program, and various seminars and symposiums such as the Minority Writers Seminar, operated in cooperation with the Association of Opinion Journalists.

The Freedom Forum was established July 4, 1991,under the direction of founder Al Neuharth as successor to a foundation started in 1935 by newspaper publisher Frank E. Gannett. The Freedom Forum is not affiliated with Gannett Co. Its work is supported by income from an endowment of diversified assets.

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Freedom Forum | Newseum Institute

Aerospace : Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd

Posted on November 2, 2015 by Danzig

Singapore Technologies Aerospace Ltd (ST Aerospace)isa leading brand name in the international aircraft MRO industry, ST Aerospace is an integrated service provider that offers a wide spectrum of maintenance and engineering services through its five capability clusters

Operating a global network with facilities and affiliates in the Americas, Asia Pacific and Europe, ST Aerospaces customer base includes the worlds leading airlines, airfreight and military operators. Its comprehensive suite of capabilities includes airframe, component and engine MRO; engineering design and technical services; and aviation materials and asset management services, including Total Aviation Support. ST Aerospace offers customers a high quality, timely and reliable maintenance programme which can be fully customised. ST Aerospace is also one of few MRO providers in the world with an in-house aircraft design engineering capability that can offer customers a wide range of customised engineering and design solutions. To meet the demands of fast growth in the aviation industry and the increasing need for professional flying services,

ST Aerospaces training arm strives to provide training services for both pilot and technical vocations. In addition, its air charter entities also have at hand, a fleet of helicopter and business jets for a variety of missions including executive air travel and air ambulance.

ST Aerospaces quality standards are regularly audited and recognised by international airworthiness authorities, including the Civil Aviation Administration of China, the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore, the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), the Japan Civil Aviation Bureau, the UK Civil Aviation Authority and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA),. ST Aerospace is the aerospace arm of ST Engineering. Listed on the Singapore Exchange, ST Engineering is a technology-based multi-national conglomerate providing one stop integrated engineering services for the aerospace, electronics, land systems and marine industries.

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Aerospace : Singapore Technologies Engineering Ltd

Find Aerospace Engineering Internships on Internships.com

Posted on November 2, 2015 by Danzig

Are you looking for anAerospace Engineering internship? Aerospace Engineering internships are the best way to bridge the gap between going to school and landing great job. Internships can help you develop your Aerospace Engineering experience by learning the ropes from more experienced professionals. At the end of your internship, youll have relevant experience to help you decide if a career in Aerospace Engineering is the right choice for you.

A career in aerospace engineering demands aptitude in mechanical, manual, and technical skills, plus some grit and hard work. Aerospace engineering internships are mostly carried out in teams under the guidance of senior engineers, but interns have the chance to gain real hands-on experience with the development of new technologies in the field of aviation, space exploration, and defense systems. An aerospace engineering intern can learn how the profession specializes in the designing, construction, development, testing, operation, and maintenance of both commercial and military aircraft, spacecrafts, satellites, missiles, and other technologies.

Ready to get started? Search for Aerospace Engineering internships below.

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Find Aerospace Engineering Internships on Internships.com

Honeywell Aerospace | Honeywell Aerospace

Posted on November 2, 2015 by Danzig

The development of pilotless aircraft can be traced back to World War 1. However, drones, known formally as Unmanned Air Systems (UAS), have recently seen a dramatic increase in interest, utility and affordability to markets well beyond the military. Whether it is searching for survivors in the aftermath of a natural disaster, providing video feed to a commander of a forest fire, taking a picture of a McMansion you are trying to sell, or delivering a new pair of running shoes, the potential contribution of UAS extends well beyond the more traditional military applications. Natural Disaster UAS are an instrumental tool in response and relief efforts following natural disasters. Drones can complement manned relief efforts on the ground by collecting imagery that may be used to help in location of potential victims. Additionally, the drones can help in risk reduction and recovery by providing useful data that is used for mapping and planning. In situations where it may be too dangerous for manned aircraft or boots on the ground, drones can play an even more critical role. For example, during recovery from Japans earthquake and tsunami in April 2011, Honeywells T-Hawk Unmanned Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) helped emergency workers at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear facility get up-close video and photos inside the plant as they worked to limit further radiation releases. Border Patrol U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have a significant drone program that began over a decade ago. They have aircraft stationed in Texas, Arizona, Florida and Texas. The drones are mostly used in areas of remote and rugged landscape or other areas considered too high-risk for manned aircraft or personnel on the ground. The PredatorDrones, used by CBP, collect video, radar and other sensor information that is used to for patrol and investigations. Private Use The selfie stick is transitioningto a selfie drone! Cameras are now being strapped onto a drone to capture images and capture a consumermarket that will exceed a billion dollars this year. Operators ought to be warned though, as it is easy to get into trouble in a hurry. Certified aircraft have many double and triple redundant safety features. In addition to the certification of the vehicle, the pilot operators have gone through years of training. Drones, particularly consumer models, do not have the redundant safety technology and many operators have little or no training. Some examples of drone pilots getting into trouble include: Cutting off a photographers nose Injuring a baby being pushed in a stroller Crashing into the stands at the US Open Tennis Tournament Close encounters with commercial aircraft Drone crashing near the White Houseand nearWashington Monument Commercial Use The line between private use and commercial drone use is a delicate one but with many implications to rules and regulations. A UAS operated for hobby or recreational purpose can take pictures for personal use, but the same device used to take photographs for sale or compensation is considered a commercial operation. Local, state and federal rules are still in infant development stages and there is more than one story of a drone being confiscated by the local authorities and investigation opened into operator for illegal use. While the commercial use for some potential applications like delivering a pizza is easy to identify as commercial, some applications like capturing overhead shots of a house being put up for sale, or of your business for marketing purposes is not as obvious but are considered commercial. When in doubt, local government and FAAshould be consulted to help determine what constitutes personal vs. commercial use of drones. Regulation Integration of UAS into the airspace is not without challenges. With a mission to provide the safest, most efficient aerospace system in the world, the FAA has been cautious and slow to authorize commercial use and regulations related to UAS operations. In addition to the wide range of capabilities and UAV platforms, volume estimates indicating potential of >1 million flights per daywithin the next 20 years, make this an area of increasing emphasis within the FAA. In addition to No Fly Zones, FAA now has No Drone Zones and even a new logoto indicate such, e.g., recent Papal visit to the U.S. Earlier this year, the FAA introduced Notice of Proposed Rule Makingrelated to small UAS for conducting non-recreation operations. The 60-day public comment period closed on April 24, 2015. The FAA recently stood up a new task forceto provide recommendations for a registration process for UAS along with other additional safety recommendations as it deems appropriate. Additional industry performance standards to enable safe UAS operations in airspace are being developed in the U.S. and Europe under RTCA SC-228and EUROCAE WG-73. The UAS is playing an ever increasing critical role in our society. From fighting fires, finding lost hikers, taking selfie wedding videos or getting a pizza delivered, the potential utility of drones is limitless and exploding at a huge growth rate. With the major holiday season less than 2 months away, its not too early to start making your shopping list. While I dont think Ill get any packages delivered by drone (this year), I dont think Im the only one hoping to find a drone under my Christmas tree in 2015!

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Honeywell Aerospace | Honeywell Aerospace

The Aerospace Industry in the United States

Posted on November 2, 2015 by Danzig

In 2012, the U.S. aerospace industry contributed $118.5 billion in export sales to the U.S. economy. The industrys positive trade balance of $70.5 billion is the largest trade surplus of any manufacturing industry and came from exporting 64.3 percent of all aerospace production.

Foreign firms are attracted to the U.S. aerospace market because it is the largest in the world and has a skilled and hospitable workforce, extensive distribution systems, diverse offerings, and strong support at the local and national level for policy and promotion. According to a recent study by the U.S. Department of Commerce, aerospace exports directly and indirectly support more jobs than the export of any other commodity. The U.S. aerospace industry directly employs about 500,000 workers in scientific and technical jobs across the nation and supports more than 700,000 jobs in related fields. Investmentin the U.S. aerospace industry is facilitated by a large pool of well-trained machinists, aerospace engineers, and other highly-skilled workers with experience in the aerospace industry.

Industry estimates indicate that the annual increase in the number of large commercial airplanes during the next 20 years will be 3.5 percent per year for a total of 34,000 valued at $4.5 trillion (list prices).

Large Civil Aircraft (LCA) The United States is a global leader in LCA production and offers many opportunities for investment in the LCA supply chain.

Rotorcraft The U.S. rotorcraft industry is diverse with the bulk of new deliveries arriving from mature production lines. The market encompasses military, emergency medical service (EMS) providers, offshore oil and gas exploration, and law enforcement applications.

Commercial Space The companies in the U.S. commercial space market are major suppliers to U.S. Government programs, where demand has remained stable during the commercial aerospace and global economic downturns.

General Aviation (GA) The United States is the worlds largest market for GA aircraft. U.S. manufacturers produce a wide range of GA products including piston aircraft, turboprops, jets, balloons, dirigibles, and experimental aircraft.

Engines - Major engine and power plant manufacturers are typically part of diversified corporations producing engines for both civil and military aircraft, either alone or as part of one or more joint ventures. Engines and power plant sales also provide maintenance, repair and overhaul business opportunities.

Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) - Given the rapid growth of military and civil governmental UAS operations, there is tremendous potential for the U.S. industry in the evolving commercial UAS sector. Moreover, the November 2013 release of the FAAs Roadmap for Integration of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems into the National Airspace and the interagency-backed UAS Comprehensive Plan (along with the release of the Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on Small UAS and the announcement of the six U.S. UAS test sites targeted for 2014) demonstrate the U.S. Governments commitment to supporting civilian UAS development.

Airport Infrastructure/Aviation Security - Airport infrastructure and aviation security markets continue to grow both in the United States and abroad. At the 38th International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Assembly in the fall of 2013, the Assembly formally endorsed the proposed Aviation System Block Upgrade (ASBU) roadmaps for modernization of the global aviation system. The ICAO ASBUs provide a rational framework for planning of air traffic management upgrades in the future that emphasizes harmonization of technology and procedures. U.S. companies are poised to implement solutions that meet these new requirements.

Along with infrastructure growth, the evolving security needs both within the United States and throughout the world are driving demand for aviation security technologies. The 38th ICAO Assembly also addressed aviation security with the hope of establishing a global baseline. This baseline would include the implementation of risk-based security, the sustainability of security measures, and air cargo and mail security. Similarly, the U.S. Transportation Security Administration has embraced risk-based security as a means of addressing security needs in an efficient and effective manner.

Alternative Aviation Fuels Demand for alternative fuels in the aviation sector is increasing due to the price volatility of traditional jet fuel, and concerns about the effect of aviation on the environment. The United States is a leader in alternative aviation fuel research and development, and U.S. producers have successfully completed test flights using fuels from a variety of feedstock. These fuel producers are actively seeking investment as they move towards commercial production.

Supply Chain - The United States has a robust aerospace supply chain with capabilities in maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO), composites, metal-working, avionics, testing equipment, and coatings. U.S.-based suppliers are highly sought after partners for aerospace manufacturing programs at home and abroad.

The National Space Policy: President Obamas June 2010 National Space Policy puts a strong emphasis on the use of commercial space capabilities and international cooperation to meet U.S. Government mission requirements. This will give U.S. commercial space companies the opportunity to provide new services to the government, such as transportation of cargo to the International Space Station as well as human transport for exploration. The Administration is conducting an ongoing review of related sectoral policies on space transportation, satellite remote sensing and space-based positioning, navigation, and timing. The review is intended to ensure that those guidelines reflect the National Space Policys objectives, such as industry competitiveness and increased international cooperation.

National Aeronautics Research & Development (R&D) Policy: This policy guides federal aeronautical R&D activities to promote long-term sustainable research on advanced aircraft systems and air transportation management systems and infrastructure. The policy aims to foster a vibrant and dynamic R&D community that includes government, industry, and academia.

Export Control Reform: The Obama administration and Congress are implementing reforms of export control regulations that will create a more predictable, efficient, and transparent technology control regime. The reforms will create a single control list, a single primary enforcement coordination agency, a single information technology system, and a single licensing agency. These reforms will help facilitate exports of U.S.-based aerospace manufacturers.

Industry Associations: Aeronautical Repair Station Association Aerospace Industries Association Air Traffic Control Association (ATCA) Aircraft Electronics Association (AEA) American Association of Airport Executives (AAAE) Aviation Suppliers Association (ASA) General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA) Helicopter Association International (HAI) Satellite Industry Association (SIA) Space Foundation (SF) Industry Publications: Aviation Week Air Transport World Flight Global Space.com

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The Aerospace Industry in the United States

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