Religious-Freedom BIlls Don’t Permit Bigotry – National Review

A new poll from the Public Religion Research Institute found that a majority of Americans oppose denying service to LGBT individuals for religious reasons, and this held true across most major religious groups other than evangelicals.

In aSalon piece this morning, columnist Nico Lang used the poll to argue against religious-freedom legislation such as the First Amendment Defense Act (FADA), which was introduced last Congress by Utah senator Mike Lee and Idaho congressman Raul Labrador to protect religious Americans who believe in heterosexual marriage.

But, like most culture writers who attempt to debunk religious liberty as a disguise for legalized discrimination, Lang fundamentally misunderstands or, more likely, maliciously mischaracterizes FADA and other religious-freedom protections. The first and most obvious red flag is the fact that he puts religious freedom in scare quotes in the title of his piece.

It only gets worse. The piece praises Ivanka Trump and Jared Kushner for opposing what Lang calls a four-page document that would have granted broad allowances to religious groups, federal agencies and virtually anyone who wishes to discriminate against the LGBT community.

In fact, the document in question like all religious-freedom protections would have permitted religious organizations to operate based on their religious principles and hire according to mission. The essential details of the draft executive order were outlined well by Ryan T. Anderson at the Daily Signal late last week.

Langs piece and the countless others like it are insidious precisely because their misinformation is difficult for the average American to pinpoint and understand. The lies about religious freedom are so widespread that it is nearly impossible to accurately understand the goal of FADA and other such legislation.

This obfuscation of the truth has been orchestrated by the left in order to portray religious Americans as bigoted and repressive, and sway public opinion in favor of silencing religious voices and driving them out of the public square. Thats why these supposed social-justice warriors will never admit the truth: that there isnt a single U.S. law permitting discrimination against individuals based on sexual orientation.

Rather, the laws being debated have to do with marriage. Because many religious groups believe that marriage is properly understood as a union between one man and one woman and because the Supreme Court unilaterally determined the law of the land on marriage in Obergefell v. Hodges without allowing for the resolution of public debate on the subject religious-liberty legislation offers First Amendment protections to those Americans who hold a different view of marriage from that of the government.

In practice, this means that a business owner can lawfully refuse to craft flower arrangements for a same-sex wedding ceremony, but she cannot refuse to sell a bouquet of flowers to a man simply because she is aware that the man is gay. The latter is not protected by U.S. law anywhere, and no court would rule in favor of a business owner who behaved in that way.

But Lang doesnt want you to know that. Instead, progressive activists continue their malicious campaign to convince the public that religious freedom was invented by hateful Christians who want to justify their ill treatment of LGBT individuals. And as this latest poll shows, those left-wing arguments seem to be succeeding.

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Religious-Freedom BIlls Don't Permit Bigotry - National Review

House Freedom Caucus set to unveil their own Obamacare repeal … – CNN

Rep. Mark Meadows, R-North Carolina told reporters the proposal currently being drafted takes much of the language from a 2015 GOP measure to dismantle the health care law that Congress passed but was vetoed by then-President Barack Obama. "It echoes a repeal and a replacement at the same time."

Hill Republicans have struggled in recent weeks to get on the same page for how they plan to roll back Obamacare and create a new system, while still addressing concerns from voters about disruptions in insurance coverage during a transition period.

This latest effort will add pressure on leaders from those on the right, who have expressed frustration with the lack of more immediate action on a central 2016 campaign promise. President Donald Trump added to the confusion over the weekend when he told Fox News that his effort to get rid of the law and stand up a new health care system could spill into next year.

"We're going to be putting it in fairly soon, I think that -- yes, I would like to say by the end of the year at least the rudiments but we should have something within the year and the following year," Trump said.

South Carolina Rep. Mark Sanford is taking the lead on the new legislation, taking input from Freedom Caucus members and others and putting them into legislative language. The group met Monday evening to go over the framework and is likely to endorse the measure. It will take some elements of a proposal already introduced by Kentucky Sen. Rand Paul, who has argued that both efforts -- rolling back the law and creating a new system -- need to happen simultaneously.

Meadows stressed that the measure will protect coverage for those with pre-existing conditions and said another focus was "making sure costs go down."

Conservatives plan to push for a vote on their bill alongside the Republican leadership's reconciliation package that is being constructed now by key committees. Meadows said action on both doesn't necessarily need to be simultaneous, but "certainly needs to be the same week."

The North Carolina Republican suggested that because states are split on how to address those getting coverage through the Medicaid program that the new legislation would likely propose allocating funds through block grants and letting states administer the programs on their own.

Vice President Mike Pence attended a lunch in the Capitol Tuesday with another group of House conservatives, the Republican Study Committee, to reassure members that the Administration was in fact on the same page with moving swiftly ahead with its top legislative priority.

RSC Chairman Mark Walker, who introduced the first GOP health care bill last month, told CNN that Pence reiterated to members in that meeting that "regardless of how it was articulated on O'Reilly or over the weekend, that they are committed to moving quickly with this."

Walker, a former pastor who is in his second term in Congress, downplayed any mixed messages on the process from the president.

"I think like I did, coming from a background without any kind of political experience or history, there is a procedural part that you have to learn and I want to be a little patient and allow the President some time just to basically figure out the timelines that it takes just to get some of this done."

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House Freedom Caucus set to unveil their own Obamacare repeal ... - CNN

Freedom Ticket pilot launching in Brooklyn, Queens this fall, Borough President Adams says – amNY

Residents living in the transit deserts of Brooklyn and southeast Queens are about to get a new commuting option.

The Metropolitan Transportation Authority will launch a pilot this fall that will bridge bus, subway and Long Island Rail Road service within New York City under one ticket, according to Brooklyn Borough President Eric Adams and two MTA board members, who will announce the news on Wednesday.

The test of the Freedom Ticket, as its been called by transit advocates, will be implemented along select LIRR stations, mostly along the Atlantic Branch, including Brooklyns Atlantic Terminal, East New York and Nostrand Avenue stations, as well as Queens Laurelton, Locust Manor, Rosedale and St. Albans stations.

I thank the MTA for stepping up their commitment to underserved riders in central and eastern Brooklyn, said Adams, an early proponent of the pilot, in a statement. The Freedom Ticket promises a greater freedom of movement and a more intelligent use of our transit system, prioritizing the needs of commuters in need of a break. I look forward to seeing the results of this pilot program.

By allowing riders to transfer seamlessly between the Long Island Railroad and the citys bus and subway system, the Freedom Ticket could drastically cut hours from residents commutes every week while also tapping into underutilized LIRR service, according to the New York City Transit Riders Council (NYCTRC), which introduced the proposal in 2015.

There is wonderful rail infrastructure running through Brooklyn and southeast Queens, but unfortunately its priced beyond the reach of many neighborhoods, said Andrew Albert, an MTA board member and chair of the NYCTRC. This will allow for a more direct ride for commuters while significantly cutting travel times.

Under the pilot, riders will be able to buy single one-way tickets, weekly or monthly passes valid for both subway and LIRR trains. Fares will be more expensive than MetroCard rates, but likely significantly cheaper than the cost of purchasing both a MetroCard and LIRR ticket, according to estimates from the NYCTRC.

Tom Prendergast, former MTA chairman, announced at his last board meeting, in January, that the agency will undertake a field study for the Freedom Ticket to get a sense of its impacts on service and pricing for fares.

Using more of our capacity and giving people travel options, which is at the core of the Freedom Ticket, is something that we can and should look at more closely, said Prendergast. This limited-duration field study will help MTA understand customer demand for Atlantic Terminal and any impacts on service and operations such a plan would have.

An MTA spokeswoman said that the Freedom Ticket was still being studied by the agency and no timeline is set.

But Albert, who said that MTA board members were briefed on the plans last month, assured that details on the pilot will be unveiled in the spring. Once implemented, the test will be reviewed over the course of six months, according to Albert.

We have the LIRR seats, lets sell them, Albert said.

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Freedom Ticket pilot launching in Brooklyn, Queens this fall, Borough President Adams says - amNY

South Dakota considering religious freedom adoption bill – Metro Weekly

South Dakota State Capitol Photo: Jim Bowen, via Wikimedia.

South Dakota lawmakers are weighing a proposed bill that would allow agents of adoption and foster care agencies to reject qualified parents based on personal religious or moral objections.

Under the bill, SB 149, child placement agencies are given significant leeway to discriminate against prospective parents based on a wide swath of beliefs. While an agency may not discriminate based on race, ethnicity or national origin, it can refuse to place children in homes based on the parents religious beliefs (or lack of religion), moral beliefs, marital status, sexual orientation, gender identity, or even an adoptive or foster parents accepting attitude toward homosexuality.

The bill also hamstrings the state to be able to respond in any retaliatory way against an agency that chooses to discriminate. The agency cannot be denied state funding, tax breaks, or special contracts, and the state cannot sue to force the agency to stop discriminating. Child advocates are concerned that the measure may result in a backlog of childrenunable to find permanent homesby further limiting the number of eligibleadoptive or foster parents.

Similar bills have been passed in previous years in other states, including Virginia, where lawmakers approved a conscience clause exemption bill that allowed child placement agencies to discriminate based on a host of characteristics. The bill was signed into law by former Gov. Bob McDonnell (R) in 2012.

South Dakota is poised to pass a sweeping discriminatory bill that puts kids at risk, Eunice Rho, advocacy and policy counsel for the American Civil Liberties Union, said in a statement. Senate Bill 149 would allow any adoption or foster care agency to reject qualified parents on religious grounds, such as if they are LGBT, of a different faith, or because they are divorced.

This shameful bill resembles the draft of the anti-LGBT, anti-choice executive order [from the White House] making its rounds last week that prompted a public outcry. South Dakota shoudl realize that the public will not accept this type of discrimination, especially when vulnerable kids are at risk.

SB 149 is scheduled to be heard by the Senate Health & Human Services Committee on Wednesday, Feb. 15.

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South Dakota considering religious freedom adoption bill - Metro Weekly

Oscars organizer calls for diversity, freedom following Trump travel ban – amNY

The head of the organization behind the Oscar awards called for diversity and freedom of expression, saying the United States should not put barriers in the way of artists from around the world.

Cheryl Boone Isaacs, president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, told the 165 Oscar-nominated actors and film makers there was a "struggle globally today over artistic freedom that feels more urgent than at any time since the 1950s," an apparent reference to the anti-communist blacklists of some in the movie industry at the time.

Speaking at a luncheon in Beverly Hills for the 2017 nominees on Monday, Isaacs noted that there were "some empty chairs in this room, which has made Academy artists activists."

Iranian director Asghar Farhadi and actress Taraneh Alidoosti, who stars in his foreign-language nominated film "The Salesman," said last week they would boycott the Feb. 26 Academy Awards to protest President Donald Trump's travel restrictions on Iranians and six other Muslim-majority countries. The executive order was being reviewedby a federal appeals court on Feb. 7.

Other Oscar nominees who expect to find difficulty traveling to Los Angeles for the ceremony include those behind documentary "The White Helmets" about civilian Syrian rescue workers.

Isaacs did not directly mention the travel restrictions, but she said, "America should always be not a barrier but a beacon. ... We stand up to those who would try and limit our freedom of expression."

"When we speak out against those who try and put up barriers, we reinforce this important truth - that all artists around the world are connected by a powerful bond, one that speaks to our creativity and common humanity," she said, to loud applause.

Isaacs' address followed fiery speeches at recent awards shows and rallies by celebrities ranging from Meryl Streep to Madonna and Ellen DeGeneres condemning the travel ban, supporting civil and women's rights, and criticizing Trump's behavior.

Isaacs, who is African-American, also cited the Academy's efforts to improve diversity in its ranks. After two straight years in which all 20 acting nominees were white, this year there are seven actors of color among the Oscar nominees.

"Wow! What a difference a year makes," she said.

Some 683 new members - many of them women or people of color - have joined the Academy in the past 12 months in a bid to make the body that chooses the Oscar winners more representative.

"When we reach out to be inclusive, we set a shining example," said Isaacs.

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Oscars organizer calls for diversity, freedom following Trump travel ban - amNY

Former Freedom Riders to be speak at upcoming AU event – Opelika Auburn News

In recognition of Black History Month, the Auburn Alumni Association will host Freedom Riders Bill Harbour and Charles Person in a free public event Feb. 22, from 4-6 p.m., at The Hotel at Auburn University and Dixon Conference Center.

Harbour and Person will offer accounts of their experiences as civil rights activists who rode interstate buses through the segregated southern United States in the early 1960s.

The event will be streamed live on the Auburn Alumni Associations Facebook page at https://www.facebook.com/AuburnAlumniAssociation/ for those who are unable to attend.

Harbour and Person endured beatings, bombings, harassment and imprisonmentbut they helped change the Civil Rights Movement and demonstrated the power of individual actions to transform the nation.

In 1961, Civil Rights activists organized by the Congress of Racial Equality rode interstate buses deep into the heart of segregated America to challenge local laws and customs that denied ordinary citizens basic freedoms because of the color of their skin.

The 1960 Supreme Court Decision Boynton v. Virginia granted them the legal right to buy tickets for buses and sit where theyd like, but all were aware they would face violence and vitriol in the fight to end white supremacy.

Harbour was only 19 when he traveled to Rock Hill, S.C., to serve jail time in solidarity with the Rock Hill Nine who were imprisoned for a lunch counter sit-in.

Harbour was the first to exit the Nashville Movement Freedom Ride when it arrived at the Montgomery Greyhound Bus Station. He was met immediately by a mob of more than 200 people wielding lead pipes and baseball bats, but escaped with his life. A native of Piedmont, Ala., Harbour lives in Atlanta and serves as the unofficial archivist of the Freedom Rider Movement.

Person, an Atlanta native, was the youngest member of the inaugural 1961 Freedom Ride at age 18. He was a gifted math and physics student who dreamed of a career as a scientist but who was refused admission to the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Person became active in civil disobedience around Atlanta while attending Morehouse College, serving a 16-day jail sentence for sitting at a segregated lunch counter. Person was one of the most severely beaten of the Freedom Riders at the Birmingham Trailways Bus Station riot on May 14, 1961.

Person enlisted in the Marines in late 1961 and retired after two decades of military service. He now works in the Atlanta public school system as a technology supervisor.

On Jan. 12, 2017, then-President Barack Obama approved three Civil Rights monuments, including 5.6 acres of parkland in Alabama on the site of the historic Greyhound Bus Station in Anniston as the Freedom Riders National Monument, an official part of the National Park Service.

The park will be developed at the bus station where an angry mob attacked a Greyhound bus carrying seven Freedom Riders on Mothers Day, 1961, to the grocery store grounds where their bus was famously set on fire, strengthening the Freedom Riders resolve in the process. Planning and design for the Freedom Riders National Monument are now under way.

Jessica King is an employee of Auburn University.

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Former Freedom Riders to be speak at upcoming AU event - Opelika Auburn News

Freedom House Brands Venezuela Not Free, Whitewashes Brazilian Coup – Venezuelanalysis.com

Washginton-based NGO Freedom House made headlines recently with its 2017 Freedom in the World report that downgraded Venezuela to the dreaded category of Not Free.

Venezuelan president Nicols Maduros combination of strong-arm rule and dire economic mismanagement pushed his country to a status of Not Free for the first time in 2016, the organization warned.

In particular, Freedom House justified its move claiming that the Maduro government allegedly responded to an opposition victory in recent legislative elections by stripping the legislature of meaningful power and blocking a presidential recall referendum, effectively cutting off the only route to an orderly change of leadership.

For the moment, lets bracket the well-documented evidence that the recall referendum was sabotaged by the Venezuelan oppositionsown internecine divisions(including53,658 illegitimate signatures) and that the opposition-controlled parliament has shown more interest inousting Madurovia constitutionally dubious means than in actually governing the country.

What we find buried in Freedom Houses statement is an extremely important, if inconvenient acknowledgement: Venezuela held elections in December 2015, which were overwhelmingly won by the opposition, yet the Maduro regimeimmediately recognized the results.

However, recognizing the outcome of free and fair elections is apparently not enough for Freedom House.

Or perhaps these stringent standards only apply to certain countries like Venezuela, Nicaragua, Ecuador, and Bolivia. These left-wing governments are the only democratic problem children deserving of rebuke in the eyes of the NGO.

Yet strangely missing from the reports list of trend arrows for 2017 is Brazil.

The NGO seems largely unconcerned about theparliamentary coupthat ousted elected center-left Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff, which in no way altered the countrys ranking as free with a high score of 79 out of 100.

However history may judge the impeachment itself, the process impeded government functions by absorbing executive and legislative attention for months, and it did little to resolve a broader corruption crisis, reads the reports description of thelikely US-backedregime change operation.

Indeed, Freedom House is silent regarding the Temer regimescriminalization of social movementsand its 20-year freezing of social spending, which has been widely decried as adeclaration of war on the poor.

Interestingly, both Honduras (46) and Haiti (39) are likewise ranked higher than Venezuela (30), despite widespread allegations of corruption, electoral fraud, and grave human rights violations under both theHernndezandMartelly-Privertgovernments.

Of course, Freedom Houses glaring double standards make perfect sense when you consider that the independent watchdog organization is itselffinancedvia grants from USAID [US Agency for International Development] and U.S. State Department.

In other words, behind its seemingly complex methodology, the NGO is little more than a US government front that annually decides which non-Western countries should be banished to the sub-ontological hell of the Not Free based entirely on US geopolitical interests.

Temer, Martelly, and Hernndez are, after all, close US allies, while Venezuela and other leftist Latin American governments have long beentargeted for regime change by Washington.

Most recently, the outgoing Obama administration renewed for the second timean executive order labeling Venezuela an "unusual and extraordinary threat" to US national security. Organizations like Freedom House are hardly indifferent to such moves by their financial benefactor.

Moreover, Freedom House is far from a passive recipient of US funding, but is itself an important player in USAID-financed democracy promotion projects across the region. Between 2012 and 2015, the NGO received $2,160,000 in USAID grants for its activities in Venezuela alone, as revealed by a Freedom of Information Act request.

Leaked US State Department cables spell out what democracy promotion means in practice. In a 2006cable, then US Ambassador to Venezuela William Brownfield outlined the USAID agenda in the country:

The strategy's focus is: 1) Strengthening Democratic Institutions, 2) Penetrating Chavez' Political Base, 3) Dividing Chavismo, 4) Protecting Vital US business, and 5) Isolating Chavez internationally.

In anothercablefrom 2009 concerning violent anti-government protests held that year, a USAID contractor admitted, all these people (organizing the protests) are our grantees.

Freedom House Latin America Regional Director Carlos Ponce is himself no stranger to this world of Washington-backed democracy promotion.

Ponce is the former president of the Latin American and Caribbean Network for Democracy Inc., which in 2015 received$115,000from the National Endowment for Democracy, another US entity with a pernicious record of financing regime change operations inVenezuelaand across the continent. The Venezuelan nationalpreviouslyworked as a consultant for the private military contractor DynCorp in addition to serving as CEO of the shadowy Massachusetts-based CIAF International, which claims to provide environmental, social, political, regulatory and economic technical assistance to at least 25 national and international nonprofits, government agencies and private companies throughout the Americas, despite absolutely no information being available online.

All in all, Freedom House is poorly placed to objectively assess the state of freedom and democracy in Venezuela, or anywhere else for that matter, given that it is funded by thegreatest purveyorof coups againstdemocratically electedgovernments worldwide.

The NGO should instead consider taking its democracy promotion agenda back home wheremass deportations,systemic police killings, wholesalevoter disenfranchisement, and trickle upbank bailoutshave cast large swaths of the US population among the Not Free.

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Freedom House Brands Venezuela Not Free, Whitewashes Brazilian Coup - Venezuelanalysis.com

Is My Novel Offensive? – Slate Magazine

Lisa Larson-Walker

When Becky Albertalli published her first young adult novel, Simon vs. the Homo Sapiens Agenda, with the HarperCollins imprint Balzer and Bray in 2015, she never expected it to be controversial. Shed worked for years as a clinical psychologist specializing in gender nonconforming children and LGBTQ teens and adults.*Yet her bookabout a closeted gay kid whose love notes to a classmate fall into the wrong handscontained a moment that rubbed readers the wrong way: Simon, the sweet but clueless protagonist, muses that girls have an easier time coming out than boys, because their lesbianism strikes others as alluring. At a book signing, several people approached Albertalli to complain that the scene played too readily into a narrative theyd heard many times before. Online, commenters condemned the fetishization of queer girls in the book as offensive. Albertalli hadnt originally given the passage a second thought: the character was obviously unworldly; elsewhere, he asserts that all Jews come from Israel. But in the latter exchange, readers pointed out, Simons Jewish friend immediately corrects him. The lesbian line, a snippet from the narrators interior monologue, receives no such rebuttal.

Katy Waldman is a Slate staff writer.

Albertalli felt crushed that her book had alienated members of the exact community she had hoped to reach. When she began to craft her second novel, The Upside of Unrequited, about twin sisters navigating the shoals of high school romance, she was determined not to make the same mistake. And so before her manuscript went to print, she reached out to a group of sensitivity readers. These advising angelspart fact-checkers, part cultural ambassadorsare new additions to the book publishing ecosystem. Either hired by individual authors or by publishing houses, sensitivity readers are members of a minority group tasked specifically with examining manuscripts for hurtful, inaccurate, or inappropriate depictions of that group.

On the site Writing in the Margins, which launched in 2012, the author Justina Ireland articulates the goal of this new fleet of experts: to point out the internalized bias and negatively charged language that can arise when writers create outside of [their] experiences. In April of last year, Ireland built a public database where freelance sensitivity readers can list their name, contact information, and expertise. These areas of special knowledge are generally rooted in identity (queer woman, bisexual mixed race, East Asian, Muslim) as well as in personal histories of mental illness, abuse and neglect, poverty, disability, or chronic pain.

Albertalli totaled 12 sensitivity reads for her second novel on LGBTQ, black, Korean American, anxiety, obesity, and Jewish representation issues.

As a push for diversity in fiction reshapes the publishing landscape, the emergence of sensitivity readers seems almost inevitable. A flowering sense of social conscience, not to mention a strong market incentive, is elevating stories that richly reflect the variety of human experience. Americaspecifically young Americais currently more diverse than ever. As writers attempt to reflect these realities in their fiction, they often must step outside of their intimate knowledge. And in a cultural climate newly attuned to the complexities of representation, many authors face anxiety at the prospect of backlash, especially when social media leaves both book sales and literary reputations more vulnerable than ever to criticism. Enter the sensitivity reader: one more line of defense against writers tone-deaf, unthinking mistakes.

In one draft, Albertalliwho totaled 12 sensitivity reads for her second novel on LGBTQ, black, Korean American, anxiety, obesity, and Jewish representation issues, among othershad described a characters older sibling, a black college student, as a bro, the kind of frat boy shed gone to school with in Connecticut. In my head, he was part of that culture, she says. But the two women of color reading the manuscript whipped out their red pens. Without consulting each other, they were both independently like, Nope. Thats not a thing, Albertalli recalls. Historically black colleges have a wildly different conception of Greek life, with fraternity members resembling superstar athletes more than dudes doing keg stands. So, yeah, Albertalli (who characterizes herself as white, chubby, Jewish, anxious) finished sheepishly, I definitely had to rethink that character.

Removing the frat boy brushwork from Albertallis draft turned out to be a simple fix. But sensitivity reading often raises more delicate tonal questions. There are issues of framing to consider: Is the book about the girl struggling with her weight too much about a girl, well, struggling with her weight? Does a characters reference to his shrink denigrate therapy? The author Nic Stone, who is currently penning a novel about a girl with bipolar disorder (and who herself served as a sensitivity reader on race issues for Jodi Picoult), stressed that her sensitivity readers completely changed the scope of her book. Shed realized, she said, in my attempts to de-stigmatize the illness by getting as much of its manifestations on the page [as I could], Id wound up making the book more about the illness than about the girl living with it.

Some publishing houses provide their own sensitivity readers, particularly in genressuch as young adult literaturewhere the industry feels protective of its audience. Stacy Whitman, who helms the middle-grade imprint of Lee & Low Books, explained that on most manuscripts her team consults a plexus of cultural experts theyve discovered through networking and research. The responses flow back to the author as part of the editorial process, and each reader earns a modest honorarium. (The site Writing in the Margins recommends $250 per manuscript as a starting fee.) By the time Whitman started at Lee & Low in 2010, she told me, seeking input from reviewers with firsthand knowledge of minority traditions and experiences had already become standard practice at the company.

The sensitivity reader is one more line of defense against writers tone-deaf, unthinking mistakes.

Authors and publishers may send off manuscripts for sensitivity reads at different stages in the writing and editing process. Early on, according to Albertalli, a writer might seek out feedback on her broader concept; as the project advances, particular phrases or details come under inspection. Albertalli cites the Nazi-Jewish refugee love story in one 2014 romance novel as an example of a premise that she believes should have been swiftly kiboshed. Lower-level gaucheries can be weeded out later. The timing is tricky, she said. You dont want to submit your draft too late and find out that your entire concept is problematic, but if you solicit the reading too early, you risk publishing a book full of microaggressions.

Sensitivity readers, Ireland insists on her website, are NOT a guarantee against making a mistake. The vetters are individualsthey cannot comprehensively sum up the meaning of a group identity for a curious author. One Iraqi woman might be charmed by allusions to a characters almond-shaped eyes; her friend might find the phrase clichd and exoticizing. Theres danger, too, that majority writers might grow too comfortable outsourcing the task of representation to advisers from marginalized groups. (Ive written a book. You fix it, this boogeyman scribbler declares.) Indeed, for the readers themselves, it can be grueling work. Angel Cruz, who advises on Filipino culture, the diaspora, and Catholicism, described sensitivity reading as emotional/mental labor. As the first line of defense against writers unexamined prejudice, she said, you do take one for the team in absorbing visceral blows that can land close to home. Freelance sensitivity reader Elizabeth Roderick, who concentrates on bipolar disorder, PTSD, and psychosisIm here to show the world that Im not, in fact, wearing a tinfoil hat, she jokedtakes aim at language that paints mentally ill characters as violent, completely unbalanced, and with evil motives.

Roderick has had a largely positive experience as a sensitivity reader. But authors, she said, can sometimes get slightly defensive. Evaluating one manuscript about a woman diagnosed with schizophrenia who escaped from an institution and went on a murder spree, she felt that this was not only clich; it wasnt a good representation of what schizophrenic people are like. The character didnt ring true or deep to me, Roderick said. She recommended changes to both the sick woman and the diagnosis. The author protested: If the story didnt have an antagonist, it wouldnt be very interesting.

Its not hard to imagine why sensitivity readers could potentially put authors in a difficult position. After all, where would we be if these experts had subjected our occasionally outrageous and irredeemable canonMoby Dick or Lolita or any other classic, old, anachronistic bookto their scrutiny? Plenty of fictionPortnoys Complaint, or Martin Amis Moneyis defined in part by a narrators fevered misogyny. Novels like Huckleberry Finn derive some of their intrigue and complexity from the imperfections of their social vision. In Portnoy, for instance, Philip Roth wanted the objectifying gaze of his protagonistwhich by default becomes our gaze, since we apprehend the world through himto make us uncomfortable. Perhaps he even wanted us to use the dubious precepts expressed in the novel to clarify our own beliefs.

Some sensitivity readers draw distinctions between offensive descriptions and offensive descriptions that appear to enjoy the blessing of the author. If Lolita had been written from Dolores point of view, Ireland said, it might be useful to have an advocate of childrens rights, a childhood sexual assault survivor, or a psychologist read the manuscript and give critique; but since it was told from the perspective of a pedophilenot regarded as a marginalized groupthat wasnt necessary. Still, its a messy project for one reader to suss out authorial intent. While sensitivity remains a positive value in most literature, and perhaps one of the greatest priorities for young adult literature, enforcing it at the expense of other merits, including invention, humor, or shock, might come at a cost. Cultural sensitivities fluctuate over time. What will the readers of the future make of ours?

Even these readers acknowledge the risks of overpolicing artists if the practice were to be taken to the extreme. Of course thats a danger, Roderick said. Art is a mode of free expression, and if you put constraints on it, it can become stilted and contrived. The hassle and potential discomfort of soliciting such feedback could theoretically have a chilling effect on writers working up the courage to venture outside themselves. If authors are frightened of offending members of a diverse group, and having to deal with the horrible outrage that can ensue in those situations, she said, then theyre definitely going to shy away from writing diverse characters.

But the fact remains that stories about straight, able-bodied (not to mention attractive, financially secure) teenagers far outnumber the alternatives. Though authors from all backgrounds use sensitivity readers, the stomach-churning image of a white person wafted down the path to literary achievement by invisible minorities remains. Thats one reason that many of the same stakeholders eager to standardize sensitivity readings as an industry norm are also fervent supporters of own voices work. (Named for a hashtag created by YA author Corinne Duyvis, this label applies to literature that both concerns and is produced by members of sidelined populations.) The idea behind sensitivity reading is not to strong-arm novelists or force their imaginations into preapproved play zones, Stone explained; its to smooth the process of representing otherness. An authentic book, she said, isnt the same as [a politically] correct one. In her opinion, the goals of sensitivity reading actually align with those of good artto create a layered and truthful portrait, whether or not it ruffles some sensibilities. Who could object, she suggests, to a procession of To Kill a Mockingbirds that evince a bit more alertness to the nuances of minority experience?

In Albertallis case, a sensitivity readers note ultimately produced a bright spot in her novel. The Upside of Unrequited features a queer teenager named Cassie who happens to have two mothers. While the reader, a bisexual woman, assured Albertalli that her treatment of the character hadnt hit any sour notes, she saw an opening for an interesting confrontationa challenge to one of societys more maddening myths about gay parents. On her advice, Albertalli had a student named Evan, this really douche-y guy, suggest to Cassie that her family had raised her to be queer. When he makes the comment, hes met by awkward silence; its clear that the other characters firmly disapprove. Albertalli was happy to orchestrate the teachable moment. And in the end, she realized it wasnt just a socially conscious improvement but a narrative one: Personally, she said, I loved that moment in the book.

*Correction, Feb. 8, 2017: This piece originally misstated that Becky Albertalli worked with gender-fluid teens in her therapy practice. She worked with gender nonconforming kids and LGBTQ teens and adults. (Return.)

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Is My Novel Offensive? - Slate Magazine

Change in Olympic events will hit shooting’s ecosystem: Gagan … – The Indian Express

By: PTI | New Delhi | Updated: February 8, 2017 2:56 pm Gagan Narang will look to get his act right when the years first ISSF World Cup begins. (Source: File)

Olympic bronze-medallist GaganNarang says shootings ecosystem will take a hit if theISSF Athletes Committees recommendation for mixed-gender team events for future Olympics, starting with the 2020 edition in Tokyo, is ratified by the world body.

In a decision that evoked mixed response, the ISSFAthletes Committee, headed by Indias lone individual Olympic gold-medallist Abhinav Bindra, recommended mixed-gender team events for the Olympic Games.

The panel has sought to replace the double-trap mensevent with a mixed-gender trap event, convert the 50m pronemens event into a mixed-gender air rifle event and the 50mpistol mens event into a mixed-gender air pistol event.

Speaking to PTI, Narang, one of Indias most versatileshooters, said, The ecosystem of shooting sport will take a hit with these three events going out of the Olympic program.

The ace shooter, though, promptly added, But like manyothers, I will also cross the bridge when we get to it.

Unlike some of Indias top pistol shooters, Narang is notdeeply saddened but ready to embrace it.

When asked to elaborate on his statement that ecosystemof shooting will take a hit, Narang said, Prone is verypopular across the world and suppose it is dropped, so manyshooters who are shooting prone only will be out.

He felt the equipment manufacturing units will also beaffected.

Weapon manufactures will stop producing weapons,equipment required for 50m prone and 50m pistol events.

Citing another example, he said a 50m range that caters to three events now will cater to two only, if 50m prone and pistol are dropped.

The move follows the International Olympic Committeesobjective of international sport federations working towards a50 per cent female representation at the Games. Currently,shooting has nine mens and six womens events at the Olympics.

The 33-year-old Narang is currently not part of his petevent 10m air rifle in which he won the bronze medal at2012 London Olympics, but he is determined to regain peak form.

It has been my bread and butter event ever since Istarted shooting. Several injuries had set me back. I have hadan issue with my heel during the Rio Olympic Games. That camein the way of shooting my best scores. But I have recoverednow, changed my equipment, found out the flaws and been ableto plug the loopholes. Hopefully, I shall be back to my best in the next few months, Narang said.

From only prone at the moment, he plans to gradually getback to shooting in other events. Narang will look to get his act right when the years first ISSF World Cup begins in thecapital on February 22, where there will be no dearth of crowd support.

I am preparing to give my best shot for the World Cup.That said, I shall only be shooting one event 50m proneposition. This will be a good chance for me to win a medal infront of the home crowd, Narang said.

I will be competing in one event for now prone atthe moment and slowly it will shift to 10m air rifle. We donot know yet whether prone will continue to be a part ofOlympics 2020. So my focus will be on air gun and threeposition post the ISSF World Cup.

A winner of innumerable medals at global events such asthe World Championships, World Cups, Asian Games, CommonwealthGames and, of course the Olympics, Narang was in fordisappointment at the Rio Games last year.

I would say that the high in London was a result of theprocesses that were put in place during the Commonwealth Gamesin Delhi, two years ago.

A talent pool was recognised and the government,together with various other agencies worked towards helpingthem get the best. No such thing happened before Rio. Neitherwere the National camps regular. Also accountability was notthere. A lot of those things will now hopefully be fixed, hesaid.

A busy schedule awaits the shooters and Narang is lookingahead with optimism.

I think I will take one step at a time. The preparationfor any of these tournaments wont be drastically different.They will be a part of the process I have put in place. YesTokyo will be a big one but it is important to peak duringsome of the key tournaments as well.

Radical change is not needed in Indian shooting if it isrun by good people with administrative know-how.

I think it is headed in the right direction. Though Imust mention that it needs good people who have worked at theground level to administer and channelise talent in rightdirection.

There is no dearth of talent or opportunity but we haveto work hard to ensure that talent meets opportunity at theright time to have the right results. And we are here to helpin every way to see India bring home more medals duringOlympics 2020, he said.

Asked what he would like to give back to the sport oncehe retires from competitive shooting, Narang said, I amalready giving back to shooting sports through Gun For Glory.We are sixth year in the running.

What better way of giving back to sports than providingtraining and infrastructure to kids who want to becomechampions of tomorrow. I am helping them to dream big. I amhelping them to overcome obstacles that I faced as a young shooter.

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Change in Olympic events will hit shooting's ecosystem: Gagan ... - The Indian Express

Here’s what happens to the retail ecosystem when a Kmart or Macy’s closes – Fast Company

Every year in January, TV-show makers gather to share their upcoming slates of shows and movies at the Television Critics Association tour. This year, Netflix decided to eschew the program and instead struck out on its own to announce what's coming to the streaming service next with a big press extravaganza in New York. It's an interesting move for Netflix, which has grown its bank of original content, shrunk its stock of old films, and ballooned its subscriber base to 93 million subscribers.

Here's what's coming so far. We'll update this post further as new shows are announced throughout the day:

Bill Nye Saves The World will premiere April 21, 2017.

Orange Is The New Black Season 5 will premiere June 9, 2017.

Season 2 of the OA gets the green light.

Love will have a Season 3.

Anne will premiere May 12, 2017

Dear White People will premiere April 24, 2017.

Project MC2 is getting two more seasons, 4 and 5.

Buddy Thunderstruck will premiere March 10, 2017.

Travelers picked up for Season 2.

Girlboss will premiere April 21, 2017 RR

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Here's what happens to the retail ecosystem when a Kmart or Macy's closes - Fast Company

Cyborg Confirmed as the Third Mother Box in Justice League – MovieWeb

Director Zack Snyder recently confirmed that the third Mother Box will be featured in Justice League, and that it will be none other than Victor Stone, a.k.a. Cyborg. There have been plenty of rumors swirling round the Mother Boxes and how they fit into the story, especially after the Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice deleted scene that featured Lex Luthor (Jesse Eisenberg) using Kryptonian technology to create a vision of the villain Steppenwolf holding three Mother Boxes. Director Zack Snyder also offered more details about bringing this team together in Justice League.

Zack Snyder confirmed that Cyborg is the third mother box in the print issue of Total Film, but this isn't the first time he's mentioned that particular detail. The filmmaker revealed in a March interview that the Cyborg scene in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, where Victor Stone's father Silas (Joe Morton) presents his son with a strange box that turns him into Cyborg, is the "first glimpse of the Mother Box there," adding that Ray Fisher's character, "plays such a strong part coming up."

Another rumor from May revealed that Justice League will open with a flashback scene from 30,000 years ago, featuring Darkseid's first defeat when the humans, Atlanteans and the Amazons all came together to beat him. These three civilizations are believed to have divided up an artifact into three parts, the Mother Boxes, which Steppenwolf is presumably coming for in Justice League. It has also been rumored that Steppenwolf will be the main Justice League villain, with Darkseid appearing at the end of the movie, leading into the currently untitled Justice League 2 sequel. While Zack Snyder wouldn't speak more about the Mother Boxes, he did discuss how bringing this team of DC heroes together was one of the most rewarding aspects of the film.

"One of the more rewarding aspects of creating Justice League was having fun exploring the dynamic between this diverse group of characters, inherently larger-than-life characters with disparate backgrounds, ethics and unique perspectives all trying to come together and work as a team. It not only offers an opportunity for great drama and complex relationships, but it also often results in great fun. It's an exciting concept to explore and it only gets better when you add the component of our incredibly talented cast, their chemistry really adds to that dynamic."

It's possible that one of the other Mother Boxes will be revealed in the upcoming Wonder Woman movie, which hits theaters June 2, just five months before Justice League arrives November 17. It's also possible that the remaining Mother Box will be featured in the stand alone Aquaman movie, which debuts October 5, 2018, before the Justice League sequel will hit theaters on June 14, 2019. Hopefully we'll find out more about these Mother Boxes as we get ready for Wonder Woman and Justice League to hit theaters this year.

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Cyborg Confirmed as the Third Mother Box in Justice League - MovieWeb

‘Cyborg’ who? Germaine de Randamie says UFC 208 title-fight winner is No. 1 featherweight – MMAjunkie.com


MMAjunkie.com
'Cyborg' who? Germaine de Randamie says UFC 208 title-fight winner is No. 1 featherweight
MMAjunkie.com
No, that distinction goes to Cristiane Justino (17-1 MMA, 2-0 UFC), who has been dominating the women's 145-pound division with iron fists for more than a decade. Cyborg is the current Invicta FC featherweight champion and has been waiting years for ...
UFC fighter Cris 'Cyborg' Justino is a big draw, but is facing a possible drug suspensionLos Angeles Times
Holly Holm on Potential Fight With Cris Cyborg: 'I'll Just Let That Pan Out'MMA News
Holly Holm Addresses Cyborg's Situation With USADA411mania.com
MMA Micks -MMAFrenzy.com -Eye on Gaming (press release) (blog)
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'Cyborg' who? Germaine de Randamie says UFC 208 title-fight winner is No. 1 featherweight - MMAjunkie.com

Germaine de Randamie talks Cris Cyborg’s place in featherweight title picture – BJPenn.com (press release) (blog)


BJPenn.com (press release) (blog)
Germaine de Randamie talks Cris Cyborg's place in featherweight title picture
BJPenn.com (press release) (blog)
Cris got the offer to fight Holly, Cris got the offer to fight me, and she wasn't able to, de Randamie said. If you're a champion, you fight against everybody. Holly and I are going to fight, and one of us will decide who is the next No. 1. If one ...

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Germaine de Randamie talks Cris Cyborg's place in featherweight title picture - BJPenn.com (press release) (blog)

New ‘Justice League’ Image: Wonder Woman, Aquaman, and Cyborg Are Ready for Battle – /FILM


LRM Online (press release) (blog)
New 'Justice League' Image: Wonder Woman, Aquaman, and Cyborg Are Ready for Battle
/FILM
They've just unveiled a brand-new Justice League image that brings together Aquaman (Jason Momoa), Wonder Woman (Gal Gadot), and Cyborg (Ray Fisher) in an interesting and exotic location. Click through to see the latest Justice League image.
Cyborg Lights Up In FULL New JUSTICE LEAGUE ImageLRM Online (press release) (blog)
'Justice League': New Image Finds Wonder Woman, Aquaman and Cyborg Ready for a FightCollider.com
Cyborg's Got A Weird-Ass Hand In This New JUSTICE LEAGUE PhotoBirth.Movies.Death. (blog)
UPROXX -MovieWeb -Comicbook.com -Batman-News
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New Ballpark: Beauty & The Beach – Sports On Earth

WEST PALM BEACH, Fla. -- Three weeks from when the first game will be played here between the Nationals and the Astros, you don't see a massive construction site, as a small army of workers works day and night to get The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches ready for the two teams that will share this place. You only see baseball on Haverhill Road. In front of your eyes, you see them in this wonderful rush to finish building a baseball spring.

Football is over now and so here come pitchers and catchers, as they always do after the Super Bowl. Here comes baseball, something that feels as old as the state of Florida at this time of the year, to this new place on Haverhill, the Nationals' fields on the south side of the complex and the Astros' fields on the north side, and finally Spring Training inside the ballpark between them, where soon there won't be the roar of construction machinery, just the crack of the bat.

Once in Palm Beach, there was Spring Training at old Municipal Stadium, and the Braves and the Expos shared that place. But the last game between them there was 20 years ago. The Expos became the Nationals in 2005, and baseball was back in Washington, D.C., and now they are here and Spring Training is here.

It still takes some work to fully imagine what the ballpark will look like when it is finished, because there is still much work to be done. But not much imagination to see people coming over the pedestrian bridges on both sides of The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches, and see the blue seats full, and baseballs being hit toward the "Waste Management" and "Enterprise" and "Pepsi" and "Tire Kingdom" signs in the outfield.

The Astros' bullpen is behind the left-field fence. The Nationals' bullpen is behind the right-field fence. At three in the afternoon, a single groundskeeper is working a spot in the outfield grass behind second base with a shovel. Wide concourses that will be filled with people in three weeks are filled on this afternoon -- what looks and feels like a baseball afternoon -- with workers in their white helmets and yellow vests. But there is a very cool energy here, on a hot day, as Spring Training comes rushing up with a roar of its own to this new bright point on the baseball map.

"Everybody here," one of the workers says, "feels like we're a part of something."

In so many ways, the Nationals and Astros being here solidifies the sport's viability on the east coast of Florida. The Marlins and the Cardinals are just up the road in Jupiter and the Mets are an hour away in Port St. Lucie. Once the Nationals were in Viera and the Astros were in Kissimmee, somewhere between the Mets and Orlando, where the Braves still are, before they head over to their own new place in Sarasota, on the other coast of Florida. Now, you have five teams and three ballparks between The Ballpark of the Palm Beaches and the Mets. It is a good baseball thing. Or maybe a great thing.

There are 160 acres in all here, and someday there will be a public park between baseball and Haverhill Road. There is already a natural lake between Haverhill and the Nationals' side of the ballpark and a man-made lake on the Astros' side and eventually there will be a walking trail that will go around the whole place, around all the games that will begin on Feb. 28 with the two home teams playing each other and then continue all the way to Opening Day.

On this day, the wind is blowing in from right field, a good, hard wind. A young man in a white helmet smiles and says, "It'd be a tough day for lefty hitters." Then he points out that usually the angle between home plate and third base is 90 degrees north, but they have adjusted it just slightly here, 10 degrees west of north, so there will be even more shade in the ballpark. They have waited a long time for baseball to come back to West Palm Beach. They want everything to be perfect.

You walk outside, to the top of the stairs that lead to the third-base side of the park, and see where ticket booths will be behind windows already in place to your right and the team's store will be on the left. You walk back inside, underneath the party deck, toward home plate, and then you are back outside, and stand looking down at the turf field with the "Nationals" logo and the lap pool still being built right next to it. Beyond that is one of the practice fields, built to the same dimensions as Nationals Park. It is the same with the Astros over on the north side, with the dimensions in their practice fields the same as Minute Maid Park.

There is a dark green wall up behind center field to fit hitters' eyes, and places cut out of it for television cameras. There will eventually be more signs on the outfield fences. You have to imagine that, too, for now, and all the activity that will go on all day behind the fences, and palm trees, and high netting behind them, on the cloverleaf of Minor League fields, where kids will dream their dreams.

But there is no need to imagine the green of the outfield grass right in front of you. Soon Bryce Harper will be out there, and Carlos Correa and Jose Altuve will be making plays in the infield where groundskeepers are spreading dirt on this day. And Daniel Murphy will be trying to hit balls through the wind coming in from right. Max Scherzer will be on the mound. Baseball here. Three weeks.

There will be a 30-foot Astros logo outside their side of the ballpark. There will be a 30-foot Nationals logo on their side. There will be just six suites in all once the place is complete, three on the Nationals' side and three on the Astros' side. But one of the workers says, "We hear that Mr. Lerner [Ted, the Nationals owner] likes to sit in the stands."

It is just 15 months from when they broke ground. But now they are closing in on the completion of what is the real project here: The building of a brand-new baseball spring. There was a lot of talk in this area, over a lot of years, about other possible sites in the area. It turned out to be just talk. Not anymore. The last football game of the season was played on Sunday night in Houston, first Sunday night in February. The Astros and the Nationals will play baseball on Haverhill Road on the last day of February.

New ballpark, becoming a part of such a fine old Florida ritual. Not finished yet. Still work to be done, day and night. Lot of noise here on this day. White helmets everywhere, and yellow vests, and golf carts and machinery and men and women trying to finish the job. But there will be a different sound here soon, and fans in the blue seats. Bryce Harper will be here. Correa. Altuve. Young guys and an old Astro named Beltran. You didn't even have to close your eyes. Baseball. Yeah.

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New Ballpark: Beauty & The Beach - Sports On Earth

An application of astronomy to save endangered species – Space Daily

Four centuries ago, Galileo began a revolution by pointing his telescope at the sky. Now a multidisciplinary team of astrophysicists and ecologists has reversed the perspective, pointing cameras towards the Earth to help the conservation of endangered species. In this case, the revolution consists of combining the use of unmanned aircraft (drones), equipped with infrared cameras, with detection techniques used to analyze astronomical images.

An important task in conservation research is to monitor the distribution and density of animal populations, which has usually been undertaken by surveys on the ground (either on foot or by car), from the air with manned aircraft or from space using satellites. In recent years, the use of drones equipped with cameras has allowed a reduction in the costs of these studies, as well as reaching areas with difficult access.

So far, most drones studies have used cameras in the visible range (the light detected by the human eye), which has two limitations. In the first place, these cameras are useful only during day time, so that they cannot be used to monitor the large number of species that are active at night or to identify poaching.

Secondly, in the visible all objects have very similar brightness, which makes it extremely difficult to make an automatic separation between the objects studied and everything that surrounds them. Infrared cameras, on the other hand, can be used both by day and by night. In addition, the difference between the body temperature of animals and the environment makes their emission in the thermal infrared range easy to separate.

However, the analysis tools in the infrared range are less developed than in the visible and, in fact, many studies use tedious manual techniques for the detection and identification of species. The study that is published this week in the International Journal of Remote Sensing, has used free software of astronomical source detection and applied it to the detection of humans and different species of animals in infrared images obtained with drones.

The study is led by researchers at the Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), with the participation of Johan Knapen, a researcher at the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canary Islands (IAC).

Dr Steven Longmore, from the LJMU Astrophysics Research Institute and first author of the article, explains why this is possible: "Astrophysicists have been using thermal cameras for many decades. Crucially, it turns out the techniques we've developed to find and characterise the faintest objects in the Universe are exactly those needed to find and identify objects in thermal images taken with drones."

Each species has a different heat profile that acts as a 'thermal fingerprint'. "Our goal - Longmore says- is to build the definitive fingerprint libraries and automated pipeline that all future efforts in this field will rely upon."

Johan Knapen is excited about this new application: "Not only is this a fantastic collaboration between two different fields of science: astronomy and ecology, but it also introduces the use of drones into the set of technological tools that we use to obtain thermal imaging, including space- and ground-based telescopes."

The experience in the use of drones has been provided by Serge Wich, professor at the LJMU's School of Natural Sciences and Psychology and the founder of conservationdrones.org.

This pioneer in using drones for conservation work commented: "As an 'eye in the sky', conservation drones are helping the fight against illegal deforesting, poaching and habitat destruction, all leading to many species being endangered, including rhinos, orangutans, and elephants. Now, by applying the astrophysics analysis techniques used to find and identify objects in the far-distant Universe, we can try to do this more efficiently."

Biodiversity loss and consequent ecosystem collapse is one of the ten foremost dangers facing humanity. "Ultimately - says Wich- we hope this research will help tackle these problems by allowing anyone in the world to upload their aerial data and in real time get back geolocations of anything, whether survivors of natural disasters, or poachers approaching endangered species, or even the size, weight and health of livestock."

This new drone technology is part of the growing technological innovation within the LJMU. The Astrophysics Research Institute is also developing the world's largest fully robotic telescope, a scaled up version of the Liverpool Telescope, located on the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory, in the Canary Island of La Palma.

Research paper

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An application of astronomy to save endangered species - Space Daily

Astronomers find a new class of black holes – Astronomy Magazine

Some black holes are small. Some black holes are giant. But oddly enough, in the cosmic fight between innocent passing stars and voracious black holes, scientists have never found a mid-sized black hole. Until now.

The star cluster 47 Tucanae, located about 13,000 to 16,000 light years from Earth, is a dense ball of stars. Hundreds of thousands of stars compacted into a 120 light-year span give off gamma rays and X-rays and more energetic events, but to date, no black holes had been found there. The center seemed ripe for opportunities to find one, but a lack of tidal disruption events and a jumble of stars hard to sift through obscured finding any lurking black holes there.

The Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics turned to two tactics to find the black hole instead. First, they observed the motion of the stars in aggregate, and compared the rotation rate to what would happen if a black hole were present. Secondly, they observed the position of pulsars in the globular cluster.

Black holes are the densest objects in the universe. But neutron stars (which include pulsars) are a close second, as both can result from similar events in which a giant star goes supernova and its dense stellar core collapses (though a few other mechanisms can create black holes.)

If the pulsars were the biggest objects in the globular cluster, theyd be nearer to the core and act as a chief gravitational attractor. But instead, pulsars are scattered across the cluster rather than congregating in the center of the cluster.

This all suggests that a black hole of 2,200 solar masses is lying at the center of 47 Tucanae. Until now, though, astronomers have typically only found black holes of below 100 solar masses or above 10,000, the latter of which are the behemoths that power galaxies. These intermediate-mass black holes are believed to be seeds of supermassive black holes. As black holes feast, they gain mass.

The intermediate-mass black holes may form from several stars in a dense cluster collapsing, with the resulting black holes merging and creating a bigger black hole. They could also be black holes that have accumulated mass over time and indeed, 47 Tucanae is 12 billion years old, giving plenty of time to slurp up matter. There is also a scenario under which, shortly after the Big Bang, certain areas of the expanding universe were so dense they formed black holes shortly after the event.

Finding more mid-range black holes can be hard. Black holes, especially larger ones, typically clean their general area of debris. But if an unfortunate star happens to cross paths with one, the resulting event could be detected by astronomers, allowing them to see an intermediate-mass black hole in action.

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Astronomers find a new class of black holes - Astronomy Magazine

Cosabella Goes All-In On Artificial Intelligence – MediaPost Communications

Discerning luxury shoppers can buy bras and undies from Cosabella in many places Nordstrom, Neiman Marcus, Bloomingdales and Amazon. But it also wants to sell more in its stores and on its own Web site, and it felt stuck.

So back in October, it left its ad agency and signed on with a new artificial-intelligence platform, and increased email-led sales by more than 60% compared to the same quarter in the previous year. The move also doubled its subscription base, and powered large gains in its social-media sales, especially on Facebook.

Before this, weve struggled with how to use the data we had, how to turn it into insights that could shape not just our marketing, but our products, says Guido Campello, Cosabellas CEO. He says the AI-enabled marketing automation platform -- from Emarsys, the Austrian-based cloud-marketing B2C software company -- has done that.

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One of its biggest collections, for example, is the Never Say Never line, which can run from $26 thongs to $80 bras to $120 baby-dolls, including dozens of colors, sizes and pricing variations. We often wondered, 'Are we doing too much? Introducing too many new colors? Too many prints? Should we use this many photos? It turns out customers love to see the new colors, and it helps keep them in love with the whole collection.

The insights, which combine AI with raw data into a highly personalized customer experiences, are also delivered much faster than its previously data-scraping methods, he tells Marketing Daily. The fashion calendar is about 18 months, which is a long time. But Millennials want looks that are on trend, and they share them quickly through social media. So we need to be able to do things in three months, and this helps.

Cosabella is hardly alone, as retailers scramble to find new ways to use AI to attract and keep customers. Gartner Research predicts that by 2020, 50% of retail customer service requests will be conducted at least partially through conversational AI applications, for instance, and that 85% of customer interactions will be managed without a human.

The new technology has also given us some important marketing insights, says marketing director, Courtney Connell. For example, it became clear that if a customer hasnt bought something from us in 62 days, were losing them. And the data is showing us trends about what products are most engaging, and that our high-spending customers react better to more emotional appeals, while lower-spenders are more involved in whats promotional.

And while the gains in email have been considerable, social is also growing fast, ahead of the Florida-based companys predictions. Weve seen exponential growth in social commerce, Connell says. Its almost matching revenues gained from search and display spending.

In January alone, she says Facebook accounts for 30% of revenues from all its paid marketing efforts. If it had been 15%, we would have been happy.

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What ‘social artificial intelligence’ means for marketers – VentureBeat

Artificial intelligence is already well-established in the world of targeted advertising and recommendations. But AIis also rapidly evolving on social media as a way to help brands quickly and efficiently discover, engage with, and learn from their followers.

Although there is no one definition for it, we can summarize social artificial intelligence as a form of collecting and sifting through customer history, user-generated content, and data from social media channels to generate more relevant content and, as a result, a more meaningful experience for followers.

Social AI has the ability to provide a better social experience overall. For an example of what social AI can do, we just have to look at Facebook. The social network has already incorporated artificial intelligence as part of the platform in many innovative ways. From automatic face tagging to the stories that appear in News Feeds, Facebook has been at the forefront of what AI can do for social media by incorporating a variety of AI technologies that help continuously improve the Facebook user experience.

Were now seeing more and more social networks investing in social AI technologies, and although the technology is still relatively young, many remarkable new ways to surface content to audiences have emerged. Yet despite the groundbreaking opportunities social AI presents, many brands have yet to turn to social AI to help engage their audiences, target new customers, and analyze the enormous volumes of social data that is now accessible.

So to help uncover what social artificial intelligence can do, heres a look at some of the exciting opportunities it brings to the table for those in the social media marketing world and how marketers can keep an eye on this trend.

Rather than viewing social AI as a potential threat to the jobs of social media marketers everywhere, John Hagel of Deloitte suggests the new wave of technology could actually be an exciting opportunity for brands to free up their time for more real, creative work. If we allow machines to take care of all of the picayune, everyday tasks that machines can take care of (such as recommendations and customer support), then marketers can have more time to focus on the creative side of their campaigns.

The technology that seems so threatening now may actually become our ally, amplifying our performance improvement by freeing us from the tasks that today keep us tightly locked into the routines of the past and providing us with the data we need to spark even more imagination and creativity, says John Hagel, co-chairman for Deloittes Center for the Edge.

For brands publishing multiple new stories or posts per day, automating a significant portion of those messages can free up time for creating more substantial content and monitoring responses. The New York Times did just this with achatbot that automates some of the 300 messages it posts to its social media pages daily.

The intelligent bot helps predict how stories will perform on social media, as well as suggests which stories editors should boost or promote. An analysis of the campaign found that the posts generated by the chatbot received almost 380 percent more clicks. For marketers seeking to keep engagement levels up while keeping the numbers of hours spent creating content down, this can be a good way to do so.

There are a number of facial recognition technologies, but Facebook took its algorithm to the next level with AI. With its enormous database of images,Facebooks algorithm is constantly improving through machine learning. Every time someone tags a photo, it is added to a huge, user-driven wealth of knowledge that helps advance the entire facial recognition algorithm. According to Facebook, it is able to accurately identify a person 98 percentof the time.

Such facial recognition on a wider scale could have many applications for a brands social strategy. Andy Pringle, head of performance media at digital marketing agencyPerformics, points out just how brands will be able to target followers with facial recognition technology:

You can imagine brands asking people to give permission to be recognised in return for offers while theyre out and about. Say, theres a guy waiting for a bus for ages in front of digital screen running a beer campaign. If that person likes that brand on Facebook you can foresee either the screen saying hi and giving him or her a voucher code for a free beer or triggering a voucher to be delivered to their Facebook inbox.

Its highly unlikely that AI will ever replace all engagements on social media after all, the point of social media is human interaction. But it does give brands the ability to automatically surface the most valuable, important conversations to respond to or engage with.

According to Eli Israel, the founder of Meshfire, a platform that uses AI to assist with social media, the workloads of social media managers have hit an all-time high. Social media teams have been assigned an overwhelming number of tasks that go beyond simple content creation they are required to perform a certain level of customer service as well. Unfortunately, customer support has become a major time suck. He suggests a number of ways social AI can help social media teams alleviate the pressures of providing instant support in order to spend their time much more effectively, including:

Increased investments and resources are being allocated to the advancement of social AI technology to revolutionize social media and a brands role in it. The intersection of social media and AI also presents many new opportunities for social media marketers to shine. To prepare for this new age, Forrester discussed a number of recommendations on how marketers can adapt. And while they mostly refer to the surge in chatbots, the advice can also be applied to adapting to social AI.

As Forresterput it, being human, helpful, and handy is key. The traditional marketer role of pushing content must be readjusted to focusing more on two-way conversations. AI will guide the conversations in the beginning, but humans must step in for the actual engagements.

Marketers must also accept that they will need to serve customers in real time. Instant responses are now expected on social media, and these expectations will only solidify over the next year. Making sure your team is set up internally to handle rapid turnarounds on social media, and implementing automated response technology if needed, will ensure your brand is prepared to deal with these customer expectations in both the short and long term.

There are a number of ethical dilemmas that surround artificial intelligence. Questionable trending algorithms and fake news are just two examples of the side effects weve seen so far. Even though these have created problems more for publishers than for actual brands on social media, its still important to follow these stories as artificial intelligence applications carry over into the marketing world.

The amount of research being put out is still limited, so following the top AI thought leaders who are discussing the intersection of AI and social media is a good way to stay on top of this trend. IBM omnichannel marketer Amber Armstrong, speaker and brand consultant Tamara McCleary, and Marshall Kirkpatrick are just a few people social discovery platformLittle Bird identifies as the best social media thought leaders to follow in this space.

Social AI will constantly change as it further develops, but keeping a close eye on this trend is a good place for marketers to start. There wont ever be a complete substitute for human engagement, but social AI definitely has the potential to be a means to the end goal of social media marketing, which is to truly understand your followers.

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What 'social artificial intelligence' means for marketers - VentureBeat