Double Up For Over 18.5% YTM With W&T Offshore’s June 2019 Bonds – Seeking Alpha

This week's review is our second look at an oil and gas producer focused in the Gulf of Mexico. We first reviewed W&T Offshore (NYSE:WTI) in November 2016. The company's latest quarterly results show a company that is accelerating in this increasing commodity price environment. Here are some highlights:

W&T Offshore was able to keep its production relatively stable even in light of a much reduced capital budget in 2016. Looking ahead to 2017 and an increased capital budget, Tracy Krohn, CEO, says the company will focus on low-risk projects that offer rates of return from 80% to over 100%. With commodity pricing recovering from historic lows, W&T has a great opportunity to increase revenues and profits in 2017 and beyond. The company's 2019 bonds, which have a current yield-to-maturity of about 18.5%, are a fantastic opportunity for investors to participate in the recovery in the oil and gas industry. Already part of our Distressed Debt 1 fund, these short 26-month bonds also make a sound addition to our FX1 and FX2 managed income portfolios.

Outstanding Q4 Results

W&T Offshore recently reported its fourth quarter (Q4) 2014 results. What was revealed is a company beginning to reap the benefits of its meticulous two-year program of cost reductions, holding production steady with minimal capital investment, and debt reduction. Selected highlights from the company's Q4 results include:

Valuable Gulf of Mexico Assets

In W&T's last earnings call, company Chairman and CEO, Tracy Krohn, talked at length about the company's assets in the Gulf of Mexico, specifically the low decline rate of the wells in the Gulf of Mexico as compared to an onshore well in one of pervasive shale plays located around the U.S. The point of his comments is best illustrated by one of the slides from the accompanying presentation.

(Source: W&T Offshore Investor Presentation-March 2017)

As is evidenced here, the production decline in the Gulf of Mexico well in the early years of production is much shallower than the well located in the shale play. This shallow decline curve represents many of W&T's projects and directly contributes to the company's ability to maintain steady production with very little capital expenditure (CAPEX). This has been a significant factor in the company's ability to maintain relatively stable production while maintaining a small capex budget. W&T's abilities in producing in the offshore environment is a distinguishing feature that sets the company apart from many of its onshore competitors. Furthermore, these low-decline assets are much more valuable than traditional onshore wells and can be a positive element if W&T looks to leverage these in the future.

Results of Bond Exchange

One of the most notable developments for W&T was the company's bond exchange completed in September 2016. This bond exchange reduced the company's outstanding long-term debt by $408.2 million as well as effectively pushed out the maturity of a large portion of the company's long-term debt. The effects of this bond exchange have been revealed in W&T's Q4 2016 results. Most obvious is the significant decrease in interest expense year over year. Q4 2016 interest expense was $11.5 million as compared to Q4 2015 interest expense of $26.8 million, a whopping decrease of 57%. This massive decrease helped to boost the company's interest coverage to a level that should be extremely enticing to prospective bondholders.

Outstanding Interest Coverage

At first glance, W&T's interest coverage is good, even comfortable. In its latest quarterly results, the company showed operating income of $21.3 million and interest expense of $11.5 million. This gives a comfortable interest coverage of just under 2x (1.9x to be specific). However, if one digs a bit deeper to remove the non-cash depreciation charge, operating income jumps to $60.2 million for the quarter. Using the same interest expense, this results in a fantastic interest coverage ratio of 5.3x. This interest coverage with a bond indicating a current yield-to-maturity around 18.5% is tough to find.

Prospective bondholders take note.

About the Issuer

Founded in 1983, W&T is an independent oil and natural gas acquisition, exploitation and exploration company, with a focus primarily in the deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico. The company's founder and CEO, Tracy Krohn, has been leading W&T for the past 31 years. It has developed significant technical expertise and has successfully discovered and produced properties on the conventional shelf and in the deepwater across the Gulf of Mexico. The company owns working interests in 54 fields in federal and state waters and has interests in leases covering approximately 750,000 gross acres. In 2015, W&T sold the West Texas Permian Basin properties that had been acquired in 2011. W&T began trading on the NYSE under the ticker symbol "WTI" in 2005.

Continued Cost Reductions

As discussed in our earlier review of W&T Offshore, the company has done a masterful job of reducing its expenses in the prevailing low-cost commodity environment that has dominated the domestic economy for the past two and a half years. Its latest quarterly review shows a continuation of management's continued vigilance in keeping costs as low as possible. Q4 2016 results showcase decreased LOE (lease operating expenses) of $33.8 million, a reduction of 31.4% from Q4 2015. G&A expenses (general and administrative) also registered a notable decrease in Q4 2016, dropping by 11% or $1.7 million, to $14.4 million. W&T has worked diligently to decrease its costs during the last few years as illustrated here:

(Source: W&T Offshore Investor Presentation-March 2017)

Return to High Margins

In our last review of W&T Offshore from November 2016, we discussed the company's traditionally high margins. Considering the state of commodity pricing over the past few years, it was not surprising that the company's adjusted EBITDA margins fell in 2015 to 46%.

Year

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

67%

62%

61%

60%

46%

However, the W&T's Q4 2016 results show a return to the company's historically high adjusted EBITDA margins. Q4 2016's adjusted EBITDA margins registered at 60%, up from 49% in Q3 2016, and showing a massive improvement over Q4 2015's level of 39%.

Risks

The default risk is W&T's ability to perform. As the low price oil environment has continued, the company has done a masterful job of keeping operating costs low while minimizing production decreases. Its latest quarterly results show a return to its historical adjusted EBITDA margins, a good sign for investors. The company's focus in the Gulf of Mexico has helped the company to maintain relatively stable production with little capital investment. More impressive for current and prospective bondholders, is the company's outstanding interest coverage of 5.3x. Although the yield-to-maturity has dropped on these 2019 bonds since our last review, the current 18.5% yield-to-maturity is still extremely attractive and outweighs the risks identified here.

Since W&T's revenues come directly from the sale of the oil and gas it produces, it is exposed to the volatility in the commodities markets. Both oil and natural gas have seen appreciation in price over the past year. However, it is difficult to predict where prices will go next. Another significant and prolonged decrease in commodities pricing could have an unfavorable impact on W&T's revenues and profitability.

These June 2019 bonds, couponed at 8.5% and currently yielding an extremely competitive 18.5%, have similar duration and yield to other bonds reviewed on the Bond-Yields.com site, specifically 16% BakerCorp and 28.5% ION Geophysical.

Summary and Conclusion

W&T Offshore continues to stay the course - keeping expenses low, minimizing production decreases with a much reduced capex budget, while at the same time returning to the company's historically high margins. The company's successful bond exchange from Q3 2016 significantly decreased interest expense by 57%, resulting in an unbelievable interest coverage ratio of 5.3x, which is fantastic for current and prospective investors. These relatively short 26-month bonds, couponed at 8.5% and with a current yield-to-maturity of about 18.5%, already represents one of our positions in our top-ranked Distressed Debt 1 hedge fund. Additionally, we have identified these bonds for overweighting, or as a preferable addition, to our FX1 and FX2 global high yield income portfolios.

Issuer: W&T Offshore Inc.

Coupon: 8.50%

Maturity: 06/15/2019

Ratings: Ca / CC

Pays: Semiannually

Price: 82.5

Yield to Maturity: ~18.53%

Disclosure: To obtain higher yields and keep costs as low as possible, we typically bundle smaller retail orders into larger institutional sized orders with many global trading firms and bond platforms. Our main priority is to provide the best opportunities for our clients. Our bond reviews are published on the Internet and distributed through our free email newsletter to thousands of prospective clients and competitive firms only after we have first served the needs of our clients. Bond selections may not be published if they have very limited availability or liquidity, or viewed as not being in the best interests of our clients. Durig Capital and certain clients may have positions in W&T Offshore June 2019 bonds.

Please note that all yield and price indications are shown from the time of our research. Our reports are never an offer to buy or sell any security. We are not a broker/dealer, and reports are intended for distribution to our clients. As a result of our institutional association, we frequently obtain better yield/price executions for our clients than is initially indicated in our reports. We welcome inquiries from other advisors that may also be interested in our work and the possibilities of achieving higher yields for retail clients.

Disclosure: I/we have no positions in any stocks mentioned, and no plans to initiate any positions within the next 72 hours.

I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it. I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

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Double Up For Over 18.5% YTM With W&T Offshore's June 2019 Bonds - Seeking Alpha

Cruise Operators Continue to Hide Behind the Death on the High … – Cruise Law News

One of the very first articles I wrote when I started this blog almost eight years ago was about the Death on the High Seas Act. "DOHSA," as it is commonly called, is one of the cruelest and most unfair, if not completely callous, laws imaginable. When an adult child loses a parent on the high seas (defined as outside of U.S. state territorial waters, including the rivers and waters of foreign countries), the law permits, at best, the recovery of only "pecuniary" (financial) losses, such as lost wages (assuming the person is employed). If the person is a retiree, the only damages permitted are the expenses of burying their loved one. Emotional damages such as grief, bereavement, mental anguish, sadness and suffering are prohibited.

The article was titledThe Death on the High Seas Act - Screwing American Passengers for 89 Years. It explains how families are not compensated because DOHSA prohibits non-pecuniary damages when their loved ones die on international waters. The cruise lines love DOSHA. Cruise lines have lobbied heavily over the years to keep the ancient maritime law on the books. DOSHApunishes families when they lose a parent, or child, on the high seas, notwithstanding the negligence of a cruise line.

Today, Jill and Kelly Hammer, the daughters of Larry and Cristy Hammer, were reminded of the cruelty of DOSHA when several newspapers covered the latest development regarding their deceased parents, namely that the operator of the La Estrella Amazonica was reportedly grossly negligent and caused the fire which killed the Hammers while they slept in their cabin on La Estrella Amazonica, a river cruise boat on the Peruvian Amazon. It's a sad story which we wrote about earlier last year -Deadly Amazon River Fire Update: International Expeditions' La Estrella Amazonica(photos and video).

La Estrella Amazonica has now been renamed by International Expeditions as the Amazon Star.

The Wall Street Journal's article today,When People Die at Sea, Cruise Operators Often Get a Pass, is "subscription only" although the title suggests that cruise operators are literally getting away with, if not murder, deadly criminal negligence. Another article, published by the World-Herald Bureau, titled Report on Gretna Couple's Death in Cruise Ship Fire Finds Fault with Ship's Safety Features, Crew's Training, reaches the same conclusion.

You can read these articles and make your own mind up about the reportedly unsafe conditions aboard La Estrella Amazonica, the lack of training and qualifications of its crew, and the shifty conduct of the owner and operator of the river cruise boat, International Expeditions, and its president, Van Perry, whose underwriters demanded that Jill and Kelley agree to a gag order (which they rejected) before the cruise operator would meet with them and talk about the circumstances surrounding their parent's death.

The point to come away with after reading about this terrible ordeal is that this is the exactly the result that the cruise lines want after cruise passengers have been killed. Christina Perez, PR person for the Cruise Line International Association ("CLIA"), was quoted in the Wall Street Journal as saying that if DOHSA was amended to permit fair damages "droves of foreign litigants would "burden an already crowded U.S. judicial system." She also resorted to other scare tactics, saying that "insurance rates for cruise ships would skyrocket, increasing prices and potentially jeopardizing thousands of jobs created by the industry."

This is hardly true. The cruise industry is a rich, billion-dollar business, where it's CEO's regularly collect tens of millions of dollars a year, and which registers its cruise ships in foreign countries like the Bahamas and Panama, in order to avoid the taxes, labor laws and safety regulations of the U.S.

Ms. Perez later contradicted herself by claiming that the U.S. Congress did not amend DOHSA to permit additional damages (like it did in aviation cases) because the "maritime industry has a superior safety record."*

CLIA has poured around $30,000,000 into the pockets of Congress in the last decade, according to the Wall Street Journal, to keep the DOHSA legislation which it loves.

Have a thought? Please leave a comment below or join the discussion on our Facebook page.

Photo credit: Wall Street Journal

*/The cruise industry, in fact, has experienced far more deaths on its ships than the U.S. commercial aviation fleet in the last decade, although commercial airlines transport over 30 times as many passengers a year. Read our article from several years ago: Cruise Ships: The Deadliest Form of Public Transportation?

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Cruise Operators Continue to Hide Behind the Death on the High ... - Cruise Law News

Trekr Racing makes its debut on the high seas – Washington Blade – Washington Blade

The Trekr Racing group made its debut last weekend. (Photo courtesy Trekr)

When the first race kicked off at the 2017 British Virgin Islands Spring Regatta on March 31, there was one sailing team sporting rainbow gear. Trekr Racing made its debut as an all-LGBT racing team in a regatta that featured 150 yachts from around the world in 18 varied classes competing across three course areas.

The racing team is an offshoot of D.C.-based, LGBT-owned Trekr Adventures, which provides sailing adventure trips around the world. The move into racing for Trekr was in part an effort to increase the visibility of the LGBT community within the sport of sailing.

Already partnered with charter yacht company the Moorings, for their adventuring trips, the racing team utilized a Moorings 51.4 monohull for the regatta. After three days of racing, Trekr Racing finished eighth in the CSA Bareboat 1 class.

The regatta marked the first time that the eight-member Trekr Racing crew served on the same yacht. Skipper Dave Sossamon loves sharing the experience of sailing with others and looked forward to working with members of his own community.

This was a fun opportunity to introduce the other crew members to racing, Sossamon says. In my years of racing, I havent met anyone from the LGBT community.

Born in Baltimore, Sossamon took a sailing course on dinghies in the Baltimore Harbor at age 21. He now holds a United States Coast Guard Captains License and has been racing for six years out of Annapolis on his Beneteau 40.7.

I bought my first boat 20 years ago, when I saw one for sale while I was out for a stroll on Maine Avenue in D.C., Sossamon says. It was a 26-footer and a friend convinced me that I was missing part of the experience by not owning my own.

Sossamon put off racing at first because he wasnt sure he would like it. The desire to raise his skill level eventually won out and he continues to learn from racing in regattas.

It turns out that I love racing and it makes me pay attention to things that I didnt pay attention to before, Sossamon says. Its an infinitely long learning curve and it increases when you throw in tactics on how to play off the other crew members.

Another thing that Sossamon was looking forward to in Trekr Racings first regatta was the chance to interact as an out athlete at the international event.

The best way to address bigotry towards a group is to make friends with someone from that group, Sossamon says. Its easy to be publicly out with this crew.

One of the Trekr crew members who raced for the first time in many years is Hilary Howes. She grew up in the San Francisco Bay area and learned how to sail through a Phys Ed requirement at San Francisco State.

The thought of sailing always appealed to me and I was glad for the PE requirement, Howes says. It was mostly Flying Juniors and Lasers and after college I continued to sail with a professor along with some racing.

After moving to the area in 2000 for her work in set and lighting design, Howes joined the West River Sailing Club and is now the proud owner of a Pearson 30. Howes stumbled into the opportunity to race with Trekr through her work with Gender Rights Maryland.

As a new boat owner, I had the chance to learn more in one week than I could have learned in a year, Howes says. There was so much experience around me.

Howes says it was also important have a T to go along with the LGB on the Trekr Racing team. She has been in a 39-year relationship with the same partner she had before she transitioned.

Being able to meet the yachting community and participate in the race culture was both a benefit to me and our community, Howes says. It was big chance to make sailing visible to the LGBT community and to make the sailing community more aware of us.

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Trekr Racing makes its debut on the high seas - Washington Blade - Washington Blade

Real ‘Pirate Women’ On The High Seas Of Old | On Point – WBUR – WBUR

wbur

With guest host Jane Clayson.

The stories of women pirates, legendary and real, who took to the seas for plunder, power, freedom!

As long as there have been ships sailing the seas, there have been pirates. Brazen, fierce, fearless thieves. Captain Hook, Black Beard, Captain Jack Sparrow. But men were not the only swashbucklers. Female pirates plundered alongside them, sometimes even commanded them. The unsung stories of seafaring women is now being told. This hour On Point, the Pirate Queens who terrorized the seven seas.

Laura Sook Duncombe, author and writer. Author of the new book, Pirate Women: The Princesses, Prostitutes and Privateers Who Ruled The Seven Seas. (@LauraDuncombe1)

Ben Little, writer and consultant on maritime and naval issues. Expert on historical and modern piracy. Author of The Golden Age of Piracy, How Historys Greatest Pirates Pillaged, Plundered and Got Away With It and Pirate Hunting, among others. (@BenersonLittle)

Rebellious: 'Pirate Women' is an Empowering Look at Badass Women Throughout History "My desire in writing this book was to put these stories out there in order to stretch the definition of what it means to be a womanto broaden the typical gender roles. I think its important to pay tribute to these women by remembering them as they were: good, bad, warts and all. Women arent angels, and these women exemplify that truth."

VICE:The Pirate Women Who Made Blackbeard Look Like a Joke "While names like Blackbeard, Captain Hook, Henry Morgan, and even the fictional Captain Jack Sparrow have lived on in infamy, notorious buccaneers and marauders like Cheng I Sao, who commanded more than 400 ships and 50,000 men off China in the early 19th century; Grace O'Malley, the Irish pirate who terrorized the British Isles in Elizabethan times; and Sayyida al-Hurra, pirate queen of the notorious Barbary Corsairs, have been largely ignored."

Atlas Obscura:The Chinese Female Pirate Who Commanded 80,000 Outlaws "Ching Shih unified her enormous fleet of pirates using a code of laws. The code was strict, and stated that any pirate giving his own orders or disobeying those of a superior wasto be beheaded on the spot. The code was particularly unusual in its laws regarding female captives. If a pirate raped a female captive, he would be put to death. If the sexbetween the two was consensual, both would beput to death."

This program aired on April 4, 2017.

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Real 'Pirate Women' On The High Seas Of Old | On Point - WBUR - WBUR

No clean boats on the high seas | Kochi News – Times of India – Times of India

KOCHI: The Supreme Court judgment banning vehicles that are not compliant with Bharat Stage-IV has brought to the fore the marine pollution caused by fishing vessels using substandard engines.

At present most boats in the fishing sector are using cheap Chinese-made engines. No standards have been prescribed for these engines and most of them aren't even marine engines.

Experts say that the amendments proposed in the Kerala Marine Fisheries Regulation Act, 1980, can address these concerns. "Motor vehicles have the Bharat Stage as standard, in case of marine engines, there are called Tier 1, 2 and 3. This is very strict in case of merchant navy or trading vessels because of the International Maritime Law (IML) and Directorate General of Shipping. Hence those vessels have the standards," said Baiju M V, senior scientist and naval architect, Central Institute of Fisheries Technology (CIFT).

In 15 years, the number of Chinese-made engines being used in boats have outnumbered known brands which have better quality. Most engines used are of Tier-1 category, which is the lowest and banned in many countries. Experts said that since Indian Ocean does not have carbon control areas, there is no check on the kind of engines, fuel tanks and emissions unlike the Mediterranean waters, where standards are very strict.

Boat owners opted for larger boats with more horse power more than a decade ago after the coastal catches declined and marine catches shot up. The competition was to venture farther into the sea and get back to sell the catch first. The Chinese engines entered the market when there was relaxation in the import policy. For boat owners, the increase in consumption of fuel didn't matter as long as the catch was good.

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No clean boats on the high seas | Kochi News - Times of India - Times of India

Captain Cannonball sails the high seas as a pirate – Destin.com – Destin Log and Walton Log

Walks of Life is a monthly feature that highlights people in different careers and explains how their career influences their life. In todays Walks of Life feature, meet cruise captain Cliff Atwell.

First Mate Kirby Jake Scarborough shows off some pirate treasure aboard the Buccaneer Pirate Ship in Destin. [DEVON RAVINE|DAILY NEWS}By Savannah Evanoff

Cliff Atwell never pictured himself with long locks, coarse facial hair or a sword at his side.

For his identity as Captain Cannonball aboard Southern Stars Buccaneer Pirate Ship in Destin, these things are practically a requirement. Atwell provides family pirate adventures for up to 22 cruise trips a week in the summer.

I truly believe God put me where he wanted me to be, because never in my life did I want to be on a tour boat dressing like a pirate, acting like a pirate, Atwell said. However, I have found out that on this boat Ive been able to meet some really good people.

February marked Atwells 10th anniversary with Southern Star, and his fifth year as captain of the pirate cruise ship.

Ahoy!

Atwell has known what he wanted to do since he was 15.

He was raised in Destin and he noticed the success of boat captains, Atwell said. The community respected captains, he said.

The day I was old enough to get my captains license, I got it, Atwell said. I became a captain. I started out on private yachts and charter boats here in Destin.

For most of his life, Atwell was a charter boat captain. He would fish and take people to fish in the Gulf of Mexico.

In the late 1990s, Atwell watched the fishing industry shift as it became regulated and knew it was time for his own transition. In 1997, he started work with Southern Star, as a captain for evening dolphin cruises.

In 2011, the Southern Star owners, Steve and Wendy Wilson, approached Atwell about being captain of a new Destin pirate ship endeavor.

I said, I dont want to be captain of a pirate ship; Im not interested, Atwell said. I like it here. Im fine. I dont want to be captain.

After no significant arm-twisting, Atwell and his wife, Nicole, agreed to help promote the giant pirate ship, a fantasy come to life. The two dressed up as pirates for YouTube promotions and parades, he said.

It wasnt long before the Wilsons approached Atwell a second time.

Cliff Atwell reflects on the past five years he has played Captain Cannonball, captain of the Buccaneer Pirate Ship in Destin. [DEVON RAVINE|DAILY NEWS]They were like, Listen, you say you dont want to be a pirate, but youre perfect for it, so you need to do it, Atwell said. I said, OK, Ill try, Ive loved it ever since.

Now Atwells once-short hair hangs to his shoulders in curls, and he wears pirate attire head to toe from a sash across his waist to black, folded-over boots on his feet.

People think he just dresses like a pirate, but its a full interactive cruise, Atwell said. The children who participate are happier when they get off the boat, he said.

They got to experience something you cant experience anywhere else, not even in Disney World, Atwell said. In Disney World, you cant interact with the pirates, you cant get your pictures up there with the pirates, and you cant be one of the pirates. Here, they can do it all.

Atwell has had some memorable times on the Buccaneer pirate cruise, he said.

He fondly remembers a blind boy in a wheelchair who attended the cruise. Atwell asked the boys mother for permission to take the boys hand and let him see him as best he could.

I took my pirate hat off and I ran his hand all over it and I let him feel the hat, the feathers, the pins and everything on it, Atwell said. I let him feel my face and my beard, then across the baldric, where my sword and everything goes. He was in awe.The boy asked the color of Atwells shirt, piecing together a mental picture of the pirate who stood before him.

Thats probably the one that touched me the most, Atwell said.

Little pirates

Captain Cannonball poses with Sonia Muthuveeran, Adela Trevino, Alina Muthuveeran, 3, and Marlon Muthuveeran aboard the Buccaneer Pirate Ship in Destin. [DEVON RAVINE|DAILY NEWS]They say a captain is only as good as his crew.

Atwell knows this well, said Annie Graham, aka the gypsy pirate Anna Marie. Hes trained her and Kirby-Jake Scarborough to be the best possible crew, she said.

Id never been on a boat before in my life until I walked on for this interview, Graham said. Theres not a thing on this ship that I cant do and that I havent done crawling in the bilge, doing engine maintenance, soaking up oil, pumping things out. Hes a great teacher.

People dont realize how dangerous the situation can be on the ship, but Graham never worries, she said.

I know no matter what conditions were going out in that were safe and the children are safe, Graham said. Hes really good about keeping the ship stable and secure.

Atwell turned him into a mate, Scarborough said.

Hes taught me everything I know about boats, Scarborough said. Hes been like a big brother really.

During a cruise, the three actors interact, often fighting over treasure and threatening mutiny, Graham said. There is a power play between Graham and Atwells characters, she said.

Rings festoon the fingers of Captain Cannonball, captain of the Buccaneer Pirate Ship in Destin. [DEVON RAVINE|DAILY NEWS]He plays the role of the authoritative captain, but I am the one essentially running the show on the stage, Graham said. Its a constant, Well, Im the captain so you should do this, and Well, Im down here actually doing it, so you just drive the ship.

The children on the trip become little pirates and join the crew at the end of the trip, Scarborough said.

They become buccaneers themselves, Scarborough said. Its pretty awesome watching them come from nervous kids walking on board, then were able to turn them into little pirates.

Girl pirates are the toughest of all, though, Scarborough said.

Theyll challenge (Atwell) and yell at him Throw him overboard, Scarborough said. He gets this look on his face of total shock. You dont know whats going to come out of a kids mouth, especially when youve got them all hyped up and theyre all excited and were talking about treasure.

Atwell has the hardest job on the boat, Scarborough said.

Hes responsible for up to 149 souls, Scarborough said. Hes responsible for being an actor, being a DJ running the music simultaneously and running the ship. I would be very surprised if you found anyone else who could just step right into that job.

Atwell enjoys being in a career with no boss man assigning him deadlines, he said.

Its really nice to have a job that you come to work and enjoy it, Atwell said. In the beginning, I never did want to dress like a pirate and come to work, but once I started doing it, its a lot of fun.

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Captain Cannonball sails the high seas as a pirate - Destin.com - Destin Log and Walton Log

Inside the plan to replace Trump’s border wall with a high-tech … – The Verge

The year is 2030. Former president Donald Trumps border wall, once considered a political inevitability, was never built. Instead, its billions of dollars of funding were poured into something the world had never seen: a strip of shared territory spanning the border between the United States and Mexico. Otra Nation, as the state is called, is a high-tech ecotopia, powered by vast solar farms and connected with a hyperloop transportation system. Biometric checks identify citizens and visitors, and relaxed trade rules have turned Otra Nation into a booming economic hub. Environmental conservation policies have maximized potable water and ameliorated a new Dust Bowl to the north. This is the future envisioned by the Made Collective, a group of architects, urban planners, and others who are proposing what they call a shared co-nation as a new kind of state.

Many people have imagined their own alternatives to Trumps planned border wall, from the plausible like a bi-national irrigation initiative to the absurd like an inflatoborder made of plastic bubbles. Mades members insist that theyre serious about Otra Nation, though, and that theyve got the skills to make it work. Thats almost certainly not true but its also beside the point. At a time when policy proposals should be taken seriously but not literally, and facts are up for grabs, Otra Nation turns the slippery Trump playbook around to offer a counter-fantasy. In the words of collective member Marina Muoz, We can really make the complete American continent great again.

If nothing else, the Made Collectives members who say theyve delivered their Otra Nation proposal to the US and Mexican governments are ambitious. The proposal calls for an agreement that would turn the border into an unincorporated territory for both nations, with an independent local government and non-voting representatives in the US and Mexican legislatures. The new territory would stretch for 2,000 kilometers, covering 20 kilometers on each side of the border. (That would bring Tijuana, El Paso, and San Diego, among other cities, into Otra Nation.) Residents of the co-nation would retain their previous citizenship, but they would be granted a new ID microchip and could rely on Otra Nations independent health care and education systems.

You have to take Otra Nation seriously, but not literally

Once established, Otra Nation would supposedly produce enough energy to power itself and neighboring areas, thanks to 90,000 square kilometers of solar panels that would be installed across the deserts. Its new government would dismantle the central US-Mexico border in favor of biometric checkpoints on each side of Otra Nation, preserving and restoring watersheds and local ecosystems. It would build an intercity hyperloop network across the country, starting in the sister cities of San Diego and Tijuana. A set of sharing principles would encourage the growth of companies like Airbnb and Lyft, but prohibit ones that look to minimize human employment with autonomous vehicles and drone technologies in other words, no Uber.

Parts of the proposal, like the hyperloop, feel like science fiction worldbuilding or Silicon Valley fanfic, and the whole thing is written with the casual confidence of someone proposing a landscaping project, not a massive political shift built on technology that doesnt even exist. Its not clear how serious its authors are about their proposal, even when you speak to them. On Skype, members admit theres a very, very slim chance the US and Mexican governments will be amenable to Otra Nation. But they say theyve formally applied for a US government contract, and theyre hoping to put the issue up for a popular referendum, which they compare to the 2016 Brexit vote. We should at least have the opportunity for both nations to vote on a solution, says architect and humanitarian Cameron Sinclair.

Sinclair, who co-founded the nonprofit Architecture for Humanity and won a TED Prize in 2006, was the most high-profile Made Collective member I spoke to. Team members decline to put their names or faces on the website; their group photo shows human figures with animal heads pasted above their shoulders. Sinclair and others say that the group remains quasi-anonymous in order to keep the focus on Otra Nation, rather than the people behind it. In addition to generalist architects and designers, Made supposedly includes members with close ties to past US and Mexican government administrations. One person also claims to be working on an undisclosed hyperloop-related project.

When I ask for a best-case scenario for founding Otra Nation, Sinclair outlines a complex but surprisingly compact roadmap. By 2018, the US and Mexico would sign a bilateral agreement to form the zone, and the estimated 40 million future members of Otra Nation would have their own vote, guaranteeing their consent. Meanwhile, the Made Collective would secure funding in the form of either government contracts or multi-billion-dollar private investments. The group would begin working with companies to lay hyperloop and solar power infrastructure, while also creating the biometric ID system for citizens. I would say by 2022 we would be underway, he says. if everything went well, including getting the vote from the people that would now become residents of Otra Nation, I would say [it could open] by the mid-2020s.

Could it work in practice? Hard to say.

In reality, getting past the first step would be extraordinary. The US has unincorporated territories like Puerto Rico, and there are plenty of disputed areas, micronations, and special economic zones. But University of Colorado professor John OLoughlin, who studies quasi-recognized de facto states, called Otra Nation a pie-in-the-sky idea. I have never heard of such an arrangement, he told The Verge. University of York professor Nina Caspersen, who also works on de facto states, was intrigued but skeptical. This sounds like a fascinating idea, but without much precedent, said Caspersen, who suggested Andorra a small nation headed by co-princes from its neighbors France and Spain as a possible precedent. But even if the US and Mexico agreed to share the border, many questions would remain. Could it work in practice? Hard to say, said Caspersen. The countries could end up in disputes over defense, border security, or anything else Otra Nations government couldnt manage alone.

Basic questions about Otra Nation remain unsettled. The team describes a sophisticated biometric ID program at the borders of Otra Nation, but theres also a heavy dose of utopianism as architect and collective member Tegan Bukowski puts it, people will respect borders because the borders are no longer oppressive. I think what were proposing is a trust-based enforcement, rather than the idea that its a security based enforcement, says Sinclair. Its not even clear how the nation will keep itself running after the initial investment period. I dont think weve actually figured out the tax system yet, Sinclair admits.

Whether Otra Nation is a long-shot proposal or a pointedly political art project, Made Collective is effectively mirroring the administrations approach to the wall: an unprecedented civil engineering initiative that exists more vividly in the realm of imagination than policy. As we talk, members argue that their plan would take less time and money than the border wall, even pledging the leftover funds to arts and education agencies. Otra Nations proposal can be vague and sweeping, but so is Trumps plan for a massive, constantly changing, possibly invisible, and supposedly Mexico-funded barrier. When real governmental goals are blatant fantasy, why not present your own wildest hopes as a viable alternative?

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Inside the plan to replace Trump's border wall with a high-tech ... - The Verge

Cohousing Part I: Creating community and reducing social isolation – Michigan State University Extension

Cohousing Part I: Creating community and reducing social isolation
Michigan State University Extension
According to the UK Cohousing Network, Cohousing communities are intentional communities, created and run by their residents. Each household has a self-contained, personal and private home but residents come together to manage their community, ...

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Cohousing Part I: Creating community and reducing social isolation - Michigan State University Extension

my family did the benedict option before it was cool and here’s why it doesn’t work – Patheos (blog)

A few years ago, I started writing a novel that was loosely based on my recollections of having grown up in and out of a series of attempted religious communities. As I wrote, I collected material from others with similar experiences, and the anecdotes piled high. Eventually I realized that some of the stories were so over-the-top, mere realism would be insufficient to convey the bizarre intensity of life on the outside of the ordinary parameters of modern American experience, and a sort of magical realist/ gothic mashup would be better. Magical realism as a sub-genre has a special place in tale-telling of post-colonial or marginalized communities. And there is something post-colonial, something of the feel of the immigrant, when you come out of community life and dwell in the mainstream. As my collection of anecdotes piled high, I found myself thinking, repeatedly, damn, this is good. I HAVE to use this one. Of course, in the ethos of the storyteller, good usually means excruciatingly bad, painful, embarrassing, tragic.

So, yes, escapees from intentional community have stories to tell, and many are painful. My own experiences verge more on the grotesquely humorous, and some of my memories are happy ones, so even now, when the experiments are over, I still can understand why something like the Benedict Option would appeal to people. In a way, it is a beautiful dream.

Because, you see, the Benedict Option though not by that name was around for a good forty years before Dreher sat down to write. My father was one of several who came up with the idea. While running a raucous bar in Chapel Hill, NC, he was also reading Thomas Merton and Louis Bromfield and Ralph Waldo Emerson, and eventually came to the conclusion that the best bet for Christians in the modern world was to come out and be set apart. He even drew on his understanding of St. Benedicts communities, with a special stress on the notion of ora et labora.

Because my father opted actually to do the thing, instead of sitting in an office writing a book about it, you have never heard of him. Which means, I suppose, that his attempt was fairly successful. But these attempts are never all that successful.

My novel The Serpent Motif ended up being 180,00 words long, which means too long to interest agents for hard-copy publications, so Im trimming it down a bit while I work on another, shorter project. And from a theoretical standpoint I could also wax overly verbose, on the idea of intentional religious community, why it is attractive, and why it wont work. I have had first-hand experience of just how things can go wrong, and lots of second-hand stories about other ways they can go even more wrong.

And theres something touchingly tragic about it: because on a fundamental level, one can see the appeal of the idea, and many of those who attempted it did so with the noblest of intentions.

Sam Rochas recent review of The Benedict Option details some of the areas in which Drehers conceptualization fails. Rocha, like me, has first-hand experience of what an attempt at community feels like. Fr. Stephanos Pedrano, guest-writing for Steel Magnificat, details why the Option isnt especially Benedictine.

And there are other problems: when you try to come Out (or In?), whatever you feared in the World comes in with you, into your microcosm. Its ironic that my fathers first community was called New Eden. Into every Eden, a serpent will come. We tend to bring it in with us. Want to escape from overweening tyrannical power? Too bad, you probably brought it with you, and you will find the community dominated by whichever leader (usually male) has the loudest voice and the least empathy. Want to escape from sexual perversion? Ha. Have I got some stories! Its amazing just how perverse people can be, on the land, when no one is looking. Want to escape from a welfare system in which those who dont work wont eat? I can assure you, you will be shelling beans or building a cabin while nearby some hanger-on rambles on forever about how misunderstood he is. Tired of nitpicking bureaucracy? Your community will be filled with nitpickers, happy to call you out if your daughters skirts are too short, or if your sons have been listening to evil music like (gasp) Simon and Garfunkel.

Communities like this tend to attract those who are unable to get along in the ordinary world, and whatever it was that made them unable to get along, they will bring in with them.

But the main thing I want to touch on, here, is why the idea of radical separation into intentional community is delusional from the start. And that has to do with money.

Money creates systemic dependence. Thats why agrarianism is a needed component in any marginally successful effort. Independence from the System means creating an alternative inter-dependence on the land. Back in the early nineties, my family and others were involved in ongoing discussions about this, with others involved in Caelum et Terra, the brainchild of Daniel Nichols. Nichols, like my father, gets the hipster cred here: he came up with the Benedict Option before it was cool. Too bad they didnt patent it.

Now, today, David Russell Mosley writes about Michael Martins Sophia Option, as an alternative to Drehers approach. Martin is a biodynamic farmer (I have him to thank for my fine horseradish planting), and understands better than a journalist what is entailed in creating a network of interconnections that differ from those in the neo-liberal capitalist system. I would suggest that any attempt at intentional community that neglects agrarianism is already problematic, because it means that one remains absolutely dependent on money, and therefore on capitalism, and therefore on industry, and therefore on the whole global military industrial complex. Which means, if you think youre set apart, youre just fooling yourself. You are living immersed in structural evil, and limply virtue-signalling.

But even with agrarianism, its impossible to avoid money. We tried. We lived on someone elses land, so there were no taxes. My parents had no money-earning work outside the home, but we lived almost entirely on garden produce. We had electricity, but no running water, no telephone, certainly no television. We heated our home with a wood stove, and my father spent all day every day all winter just cutting wood, with a bowsaw and axe (no noisy chainsaws to disturb the tranquility of nature), in order to keep one room of the house livable.

But we still needed a little money, and relied heavily on donations from those who remained complicit in the system. Which means we were complicit in the system, even if we pretended not to be.

The Onion had a funny piece, recently, about how Noam Chomsky trying just to enjoy a normal day, but everything he sees reminds him of our dependence on neoliberal global imperialsm. I sympathize. I would like to create a culture in which I know that nothing I use is made by slave labor or via environmental despoilment. I would like to rely entirely on hand-tools that dont depend on fossil fuels, and derive my energy from renewable resources. Forget about the incredible challenges of going off-grid in our society. The challenge even buying work clothes that dont tie me in with slave labor is so great, I occasionally have what my husband jokingly refers to as Noam Chomsky moments.

Unless we run off into the wild and live by foraging, and clad ourselves in natural fibers, we are locked into the System.

And even if we were to do this, the System would go on.

Unless, of course, it collapses: this was what I was raised to believe would happen, and now I regard with amusement the feverish attempts of Preppers to prepare for it.

In the Prepper mind, once the System collapses, well all be living like survivalists, foraging and hunting, growing things from open-pollinated seed. But this is again sheer fantasy. We have so depleted our natural resources, the only way a nation of Preppers would survive off the land is if most of them were killed off in the apocalyptic event, first. As it stands, an America full of trigger-happy survivalists out there bagging game for their families will wipe out the deer population in no time at all. I suppose eventually the Preppers will get around to eating one another. Radial inter-dependence on community, indeed.

So what we have to admit is that no matter how diligently we attempt to distance ourselves from the System, we are still locked into it. Or else living on a mountain dressed in goat-hide, eating one another.

So as Christians who take a serious moral stance in relation to structural evil (though we may differ in our ideas of what structural evil is: what I fear is not at all the things Dreher fears) what do we do? There have to be a range of middle grounds between total acceptance of a system that generates destruction, and the sort of radical self-sufficiency that leads to degradation, failure of community, and ultimately cannibalism (metaphorical, if not literal). I hope that, at least, the publication of Drehers book will open up more space for these conversations. But in order to sort out what is and isnt possible, we need to start by being honest with ourselves about just how dependent we really are.

Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Millet_(II)_001.jpg (This painting of The Angelus by Millet was iconic in my upbringing, an image of the dream my father had of the life of work and prayer on the land)

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my family did the benedict option before it was cool and here's why it doesn't work - Patheos (blog)

Saint Benedict’s Mandate – Patheos (blog)

(Note: this piece was originally composed in response to Rebecca Bratten Weisss recent postwhere she wrote about how the evils of the world can often accompany the members into the life of lay intentional communities. Father Stephanos writes about the same phenomenon as a feature of the Benedictine monastictradition.Michael)

Here in the monastery we must work hard to screen out applicants who may have motivations or qualities that are unhealthy, mistaken, or unvirtuous. We dont always succeed at that.

During a mans formative years in the monastery before we permit him to profess perpetual vows, the man can hide his flaws until weve allowed him to make perpetual vows, and THEN the real person comes out. However, once hes in perpetual vows it can be very hard to deal with him, to get him to change and grow, or even to encourage him to leave if we determine that is necessary.

Sometimes during the formative years of a potential monk, we may see signs that he would not make a healthy, reasonable, basically good monk, but we, as a community, may fail to agree to confront the issues, and the majority of us might vote to let the man into perpetual vows. Then afterwards we end up struggling with the results.

Community life is hard work. It would be even more problematic and unrealistic if the monasterys goal were to be an Us-against-the-Outside-Option. That is not what St. Benedict had in mind. Rather than a mentality that would say, We are Christians inside the monastery, and people outside are not, St. Benedict wrote of the pride, stubbornness, and other vices that every monk has inside himself.

We monks with our personal flaws and gifts are a challenge and a support to each other in striving to be men of justice and charity in living together. It would be unhealthy, unwise, and unvirtuous if the monastic option were that of seeing the people inside the option as the good guys, but seeing those outside the option as the bad guys. No! For the real St. Benedict each man inside the monastic option is both a good guy and a bad guy. He wrote of his urgent expectation that the laity and clergy outside the monastery should hold those inside the monastery accountable for living virtuously. If all the monks were to connive at corrupting the monastery, St. Benedict wrote of having the laity and clergy outside the monastery step inside to stop it; he even said it would be a grave sin not to intervene. That is a real option a mandate from St. Benedict himself.

Fr. Stephanos Pedrano, O.S.B.

Prince of Peace Abbey

Oceanside, California

(image via Wikimedia Commons)

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Saint Benedict's Mandate - Patheos (blog)

Intentional neighborhoods take root across country – LancasterOnline

PLUMSTEADVILLE, Pa. (AP) When it comes to the joys and challenges of raising foster and adopted children, "it really does take a village," said Mary Pappas, a Perkasie mother of five.

"You can feel very isolated."

Inspired by the role a supportive "village" plays in building healthy families, projects known as intentional neighborhoods are taking root across the country.

Within these communities, foster and adoptive families live and build relationships in a neighborhood of seniors, single-parent families, couples and others.

When Mary and her husband, Mark, who have two biological children, two adopted children and a 2-year-old foster child, learned of the pioneering concept and a plan to build one in Central Bucks, they were intrigued.

"The goal is not to be separate, but to bond with other neighbors," said Mary Pappas. "The common goal is to keep kids safe and build community."

It's a model that is proving successful, including Treehouse, in Easthampton, Massachusetts, which opened in 2006.

Pappas visited the village with other Bucks County residents as part of a program "Revisioning Foster Care in America."

"Treehouse was pretty amazing," Pappas said. There, elderly residents have bought homes to be part of the community by walking children to school, baby-sitting and mentoring.

Similar communities are operating in Tampa, Florida, Washington, D.C., and Portland, Oregon.

Recently, a Bucks County nonprofit, BeTheFamily, began searching for a property to create a neighborhood, said Marco Munari, a founder of the organization.

While not part of a church, the new organization is an outgrowth of a Doylestown church's ministry that started 10 years ago to support adoptive and foster parents, said Munari's wife.

"We have a passion and a desire to wrap around those marginalized in our community and are just taking the steps necessary to find the right location for our family and those we will be serving," said Michelle Munari in an email.

In an informal presentation to Plumstead supervisors recently, Marco said such neighborhoods are designed to provide "a sense of belonging, self-worth and community through direct involvement and relationships."

Still somewhat rural, Plumstead is of interest to BeTheFamily because the organization's vision includes a therapeutic farm where residents could help with farming responsibilities, Michelle Munari said. She and her husband stressed that the effort is still in its infancy.

Experts on child welfare and foster care agree the need for quality foster homes is great, as is the need for caring communities to support them.

"There's a drastic shortage of quality foster homes," said Debra Schilling Wolfe, executive director of the Field Center at the University of Pennsylvania. "It's a national crisis."

The intentional neighboring model is a "really wonderful way of giving back. It's a community taking responsibility for the care of kids," she said.

Wolfe cautioned there are also concerns about communities where foster and adoptive children live together.

"It's very easy to be idealistic, but foster kids bring with them baggage from earlier homes. ... Their trauma has to be addressed," Wolfe said. Foster children, and their foster parents, also have unique safety and confidentiality issues, she noted. More evaluation of the model is needed, Wolfe said.

It's because of the special needs that Mary Pappas finds neighborhoods designed specifically to support those with foster and adopted children appealing.

"People say oh, my kid does this or that, but they can't appreciate the difference in a foster child," Pappas said. "They are rooted in different trauma. They have loss experiences from their first family."

To be in a community where others understand that would be helpful to parents and children alike, Pappas said. "I would love to see it happen."

As a real estate agent, Pappas said she is keeping an eye out for potential properties in Bucks County.

Lynne Rainey, executive director of Bucks County Children and Youth Services, called the concept innovative.

"The safety and welfare of children is a community concern," she said. "We all share in the well-being of kids."

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Intentional neighborhoods take root across country - LancasterOnline

Trust comes in several varieties – Muncie Star Press

Mitch Isaacs 4:05 p.m. ET April 8, 2017

Mitch Isaacs(Photo: Provided)

Trust is the bedrock of solid teams and strong communities. There are two basic kinds of trust: trusting character and trusting competence.

Generally, when we talk about trusting someone, we mean that we trust their character. Its another way of saying that we think someone has integrity and honest intent. When we trust someones character we find them open, caring, honest, fairand authentic.

We all appreciate livingand workingwith these kinds of people.

Trusting someones competence means that we can count on them to produce results. This kind of trust is built on credibility, skills, knowledgeand performance. This is what we mean when we say that we can trust someone to get the job done.

Of course, its entirely possible to trust someones character but not their competence. We can genuinely like a person because they are authentic and honest, while knowing they dont consistently produce results. Or, alternatively, we all work with smart, capable people who continually perform but would stab you in the back at the drop of a hat.

So how do we build teams of character and competence?

At Shafer Leadership Academy we consider trust the foundation of good teams and strong communities. We help individuals, companies, and social benefit organizations build trusting teams. We provide intentional activities, and supportive learning communities, designed to emphasize character and develop competence. Just as importantly, we explore a process that builds on trust, to help teams work through conflict, commit to decisions, hold each other accountable, and ultimately produce results.

The process is called The Five Behaviors of a Cohesive Team and the program launches April 26.

Visit http://www.shaferleadership.com to start your journey of building a trusting team.

Mitch Isaacs is the executive director for Shafer Leadership Academy, a Muncie-based nonprofit organization with a vision to see vibrant communities and workplaces developed within East Central Indiana supported by skilled, collaborative and engaged leaders.

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Trust comes in several varieties - Muncie Star Press

Reusable rockets key for space travel industry – Alamogordo Daily News

Alan Hale, For the Daily News Published 8:28 p.m. MT April 5, 2017 | Updated 8:29 p.m. MT April 5, 2017

Alan Hale(Photo: Courtesy Photo/Alan Hale)

A lot of words and phrases can be used to describe space travel. Complex and difficult come to mind, and especially if were talking about transporting humans in space as well as to and from space, hazardous and dangerous certainly are appropriate, as we consider all the various hazards of spaceflight, the multitudes of things that can go wrong, and the difficulties involved in addressing any of these.

Expensive is another word that is very appropriate when describing space travel. To get to space at all we have to launch away from Earths surface and fight against Earths gravity; this can be thought of as analogous to climbing up out of a deep well, and, indeed, space engineers often refer to the Earths gravity well. Climbing out of the Earths gravity well requires energy lots of it and this in return requires fuel, and lots of it. As anyone who has driven a car knows, fuel can be expensive.

Once we have climbed out of Earths gravity well, we can then achieve low-Earth orbit. From there, travel to other destinations including the moon, other planets, etc. becomes considerably less difficult, at least when we discuss energy and fuel. As the late science fiction writer Robert Heinlein is said to have remarked around 1950, Get to low-Earth orbit and youre halfway to anywhere in the solar system.

From a practical perspective, especially when were dealing with human space travel, there is much more involved than this, but from a strict perspective of energy involved, there is a fair amount of truth in Heinleins statement.

Another major factor which makes spaceflight so expensive is that especially during spaceflights early days for the most part, every piece of space hardware is built and used only once, and then discarded. This includes the launch rocket and its various stages, and for a human mission the capsule, or whatever is carrying the human cargo. The magnitude of the expense involved can be realized if we imagine that, before every airplane flight, a complete new airplane had to be built, that would then be discarded after it had completed a single flight. Air travel would be extremely expensive in such a climate, and the aviation industry that we have today could not even begin to exist.

The concept of reusability has thus been a desired element of spaceflight for some time. Indeed, such a goal was a major element of the Space Shuttle system, with its reusable orbiters and solid-fuel booster rockets being among the major components. As things turned out, in order to be sold to the American public and, more importantly, to Congress that funded the program the Space Shuttle ended up having to be all things for all people, which enormously increased its complexity and thus the associated expenses.

The Space Shuttle therefore never achieved the dramatic reductions in spaceflight costs that had been envisioned for it, but it nevertheless demonstrated that reusability is a viable concept when it comes to space endeavors.

There have been other efforts to develop lower-cost reusable spaceflight systems over the years. One of the higher-visibility efforts was the Delta Clipper Experimental (DC-X) program carried out by McDonnell Douglas Aerospace, which involved a single-stage rocket that could be launched, landed, refurbished and launched again. The DC-X performed several test flights at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico during the mid-1990s, and while it was never designed to reach orbit, it successfully demonstrated that a well-designed launch vehicle could be used and reused over and over again.

The overall scheme at the time was for the DC-X effort to segue into programs like the X-33 that would in turn lead to fully reusable, and commercially driven, launch systems that could travel to and from low-Earth orbit. Unfortunately, due to both technological and political obstacles, programs like X-33 never came to fruition.

Enter Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX, the brainchild of entrepreneur Elon Musk. Musk founded SpaceX, currently based in Hawthorne, California, in 2002 with the goal of developing privately-funded reusable launch vehicles that can travel to and from low-Earth orbit.

While, as would be true for any such endeavor that is pushing the envelope like this, there have been some setbacks along the way, SpaceX has scored some remarkable achievements as well, including being the first private company to launch a spacecraft to orbit and successfully recover it back on Earth. Under contract to NASA, in May 2012 SpaceX became the first private company to launch a successful cargo resupply mission to the International Space Station (ISS),which it has been doing on a semi-regular basis ever since.

SpaceX has just achieved what could be considered its most remarkable success yet. In April 2016 SpaceX launched one of its cargo resupply missions to the ISS, and meanwhile successfully landed the Falcon 9 launch rockets first stage on a floating ocean barge. Then, just a week ago, SpaceX used this same recovered first stage as part of a Falcon 9 rocket to launch a communications satellite to geostationary orbit, and again successfully landed the first stage on the floating barge. This marks the first time that a rocket has been successfully reused to launch payloads into Earth orbit.

There is much more in SpaceXs future. Under another NASA contract SpaceX has been developing a human-rated capsule that can carry astronauts to and from the ISS, and hopes to make an unmanned test run later this year, and the first crewed launch to the ISS in 2018. SpaceX has also recently announced plans to send two people on a flight around the moon conceivably as early as next year and ultimately is working on a launch system that can send people to Mars. Meanwhile various other commercial space companies are developing plans and systems of their own. Perhaps, through such efforts, another word that may someday describe human spaceflight is common.

Alan Hale is a professional astronomer who resides in Cloudcroft. Hale is involved in various space-related research and educational activities throughout New Mexico and elsewhere. His web site is http://www.earthriseinstitute.org

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Reusable rockets key for space travel industry - Alamogordo Daily News

Cheap space travel, electric cars and a whirlwind love life love life… the billionaire genius inventing our future – Mirror.co.uk

When Hollywood star Robert Downey Jnr won the part of Tony Stark ingenious engineer turned comic book superhero Iron Man he says there was only one muse who came to mind.

Silicon Valley geek turned multi-billionaire Elon Musk may not have invented a super-powered armoured suit with which to save us all, but hes just about thought of everything else.

Musk, the 80th richest person in the world, worth 11billion has made safeguarding the world his business, with an eclectic catalogue of far-out ideas.

The first step is to establish that something is possible, he insists with indomitable superhero confidence.

Theres his 36.44billion electric and self-drive car business Tesla, speeding towards an eco-friendly horizon and saving us from our toxic selves.

Alongside sits SpaceX, Musk s foray into the universe, which aims to send us to Mars in reusable rockets, settling a million people there by the mid-2060s.

And then theres the most futuristic of all, Musks medical research company Neuralink, which aims to connect human brains with computers.

Recently, he joined Donald Trumps Manufacturing Jobs Initiative as an advisor and he is also part of the US Presidents economic advisory board.

Meanwhile, as Musk drags the world into the future at a speed to rival his rockets, his personal life is mirroring the breakneck trajectory.

At 45, hes already been married three times twice in the space of three years to British St Trinians actress Talulah Riley. And most recently, hes been linked to Johnny Depps ex, actress Amber Heard .

Musk says total lack of fear lies behind his fast-fuelled decision-making and achievements. Fear is finite, hope is infinite. We are afraid of failing, but it doesnt stop us from trying, he once said.

People should certainly ignore fear if its irrational. Even if its rational and the stake is worth it, its worth proceeding.

South African by birth, the entrepreneur was raised by his engineer dad Errol and dietician and model mum Maye.

He has a younger brother Kimbal, also an entrepreneur and millionaire, and younger sister Tosca, a film producer.

Born in 1971, by the age of 10 long before computers became mainstream childs play Musk showed an interest, and just two years later taught himself computer programming.

His first creation was a video game called Blaster, which, at age 12, he sold for 400. I have two brilliant children, but Elons a genius, said Maye.

I can explain Tosca and Kimbal pretty well. I cant explain Elon.

Maye and Errol split when the children were young and they remained with their dad. It has been reported Errol was very strict, but he describes a young son always naturally dedicated to study.

Errol said: Elon has always been an introvert thinker. So where a lot of people would go to a party and have a great time, and drink and talk about all sorts of things like rugby or sport, you would find Elon had found the persons library and was going through their books.

Because he was so bright, Musk was sent to school early, the youngest and the smallest. He was relentlessly bullied.

He has described being thrown down a concrete stairwell and ending up in hospital. Aged 18, he moved to Canada, where he had an uncle.

Musk studied at Queens University, in Ontario, and, after graduation, moved to Californias Silicon Valley, armed with capital from his father.

Aged just 27, he sold his first co-founded company, Zip2, to Compaq in 1999 for 246million, earning him 14million.

PayPal, originally X.com, was to follow. Musk co-founded the online payments company and sold it for 1.2billion in 2002, making 132million from the deal.

Meanwhile, he was moving fast in his personal life, too. He met his first wife, Justine Wilson, at university.

They married in 2000. Author Justine gave birth to their first son Nevada in 2002, but at 10 weeks old, he died of sudden infant death syndrome.

Justine has said Musk bottled up his grief. Elon made it clear he did not want to talk about Nevadas death.

I didnt understand this, just as he didnt understand why I grieved openly, which he regarded as emotionally manipulative, she said.

But, with IVF, in the next five years, they had twins Xavier and Griffin, and triplets Damian, Saxon and Kai. Despite their joy, their marriage foundered.

Elon does what he wants and he is relentless about it, Justine said. Its Elons world and the rest of us live in it. They divorced in 2008.

Musk sped into love again this time with Talulah. That same year, he met the 22-year-old star in a London club. Just a few weeks later, on a hotel bed in Beverly Hills, he asked her to marry him. He didnt have a ring, so they shook hands.

It is said at work he is ferocious, He works 80 to 100 hours a week and tells employees: I want your head to hurt every night when you go to bed.

Perhaps, unsurprisingly, his relationship with the actress has been a roller-coaster ride. They married in 2010, but divorced in 2012 only to remarry again the following summer.

She then filed for divorce again in 2014, then withdrew it, and then filed another time.

It probably looks mad from the outside but it hasnt put either of us off marriage. We are both very romantic people, Talulah explained.

Musk argues virtual reality is already approaching being indistinguishable from reality.

Certainly, his own star is sky-rocketing so fast its hard to decipher whats science fiction and what is not.

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Cheap space travel, electric cars and a whirlwind love life love life... the billionaire genius inventing our future - Mirror.co.uk

How space travel leads to cognitive shifts in awareness | Life and … – The Guardian

Altered states: an astronaut with the moon. Photograph: Juan Camilo Bernal/Getty Images

The two people who have paid for a private moon mission next year will undergo a psychological as well as a physical journey. Theres a fundamental shift in human perspective offered by space flight. This radical shift in viewpoint sometimes called the overview effect - the cognitive shift in awareness that astronauts talk about when they look at Earth from orbit. The idea of how we view ourselves in the world was established in the 1980s with Professor Richard Morriss water maze experiment. The maze consists of a tank with submerged platforms that rats seek out to rest on. By manipulating the landmarks we can study how the rat navigates and creates internal spatial maps.

Whats much less frequently studied in rats or people is the moment when you escape from the world in which youve been contained, and see a familiar landmark from a radically different perspective.

Astronauts report a deep change in their sense of themselves and the world. This is something neuroscientists need to engage in - wed better start saving now.

Dr Daniel Glaser is director of Science Gallery at Kings College London

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How space travel leads to cognitive shifts in awareness | Life and ... - The Guardian

Reusing rockets is best way to advance space travel, SpaceX officer tells symposium attendees – Colorado Springs Gazette

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket blasts off from Kennedy Space Center in Titusville, Fla., Thursday. It was the first recycled rocket launched by SpaceX, the biggest leap yet in its bid to drive down costs and speed up flights. (Red Huber/Orlando Sentinel via AP)

Reusing rockets is key to transporting humans to other planets because passengers otherwise will be making one-way trips, the president of SpaceX said Wednesday at the 33rd annual Space Symposium at The Broadmoor hotel.

Gwynne Shotwell, who also is chief operating officer of the privately held rocket launch company, said the only alternative to reuse is finding materials and assembling a rocket to enable humans to make the return trip to Earth. SpaceX launched a reused rocket last week for the first time - a process that took nearly a year to complete after the spacecraft was used April 9 to ferry cargo to space, then later landed successfully on an Pacific Ocean platform.

"This ushers in a new era with more enterprise in space," Shotwell said during a brief speech and question-and-answer session. "It has taken us 15 years to get it right, and it was a lot of work. But the only way to explore the solar system and return is for the system to be reusable. Otherwise, it is a one-way trip unless they (the crew) learn to build a rocket there."

SpaceX still has a lot of work to do to reach its goal of being able to reuse a rocket within 24 hours of its first launch, which Shotwell agreed is the company's goal - though she didn't say how quickly it would achieve it.

Once the goal is met, the cost of reusing the spacecraft will drop from half the cost of building a new rocket to 10 percent, she said.

"We learned from the (space) shuttle program that reuse is really hard, especially refurbishment after the rocket has been in the ocean. Fortunately, we only needed minimal refurbishment on the engine," Shotwell said.

A reusable spacecraft is a key element of the company's planned mission to Mars because "when we do that, we will have the ability to bring (the crew) back. It is important to live on more than one planet. It is risk management for humans."

She told the crowd she "hope you all are thinking of buying tickets to Mars" and took a shot a competitors who have shunned reusing rockets as not economically feasible, saying she believes "you will see that position changing."

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Reusing rockets is best way to advance space travel, SpaceX officer tells symposium attendees - Colorado Springs Gazette

Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation on Steam

April 6

Game Replays, Huge Balance Updates, New Maps, Modding Support, and More in v2.2 of Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation

Game Replay You've been asking, and here it is! The game replays remove the fog of war so that you can see absolutely everything that went on during your game. Scope out what your opponents were building and how they were laying out their strategy and find out where you went wrong - or where you went right! Up to 3 replays will be automatically saved, but you can change the settings in order to save as many games as you like.

Balance Adjustments Callum McCole of General's Gentlemen has joined the Escalation team and made some pretty extensive updates to the game's balance. In addition to adjusting many of the units for both the PHC and the Substrate, he has altered some of the core gameplay values in order to make the game more accessible. This includes refining the counter system, increasing strategic diversity, weakening "cheese" strategies, improving game flow, and much more! If you're curious about the details, you can find them in Brad Wardell's dev diary here.

Modding Support Modders, rejoice! We have added the ability to mod game files, add maps and scenarios, and enable/disable mods for your game. You can see full details in our Modders Guide!

New Maps v2.2 adds three new maps. Manannan, a 12-player Terran map and Aenghus, a 10-player desert map, are both excellent for free-for-all games. Brighid is a smaller arctic map meant for 8 players and is ideal for a tightly enclosed 4v4 or a more widely spread game of 4 teams with 2 players each.

If you've been playing Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation, we want to hear from you! Join the conversation over at Steam.

v2.2 CHANGELOG: Features

Greetings!

One of the most asked-after features for Escalation has been replays. Were happy to announce that theyre coming in v2.2! The opt-in will be available sometime this week and you can try them out for yourself.

v2.2 introduces a feature that will allow you to display a list of mods for the game. There are also tons of balance updates, unit tweaks, map adjustments, and more.

To read about it all in detail, please visit CEO Brad Wardells dev diary on our forums:

http://forums.stardock.net/482164/ASHE-DEV-JOURNAL-March-2017

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Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation on Steam

Singularity (Game) – Giant Bomb

Overview

Singularity is a first-person shooter developed by Raven Software, creators of Marvel Ultimate Alliance and co-creators of Quake 4, which is also published by Activison. The game takes place during both the past and present, hurling you back and forth between the 1950's and present day, with the main story being focused on the Cold War and some of the secrets that the Soviet Union had been hiding from the rest of the world. The biggest secret of all turns out to be time manipulation, the game's selling point, which was discovered on the remote Soviet island of Katorga-12. The game has many aspects of a first person shooter, including puzzles that you must use your abilities to solve, and aging and renewing items either organic or non-organic, while also bringing in "old-school" shooter elements such as non-regenerating health and med kits that the player has to pick up throughout the levels.

In the year 1950, the leader of the Soviet Union, Josef Stalin, is looking for a weapon to give him a military edge over the United States. Stalin finds what he hopes is that weapon, a mysterious new material named Element 99, found on a mysterious island named Katorga-12. Element 99 could produce an unprecedented amount of energy. The new element possessed a grave risk of contamination, but Stalin was willing to take those risks. Stalin orders that investigations and tests be conducted on the new power source. One of the scientists charged with investigating the element was a man named Barisov. On September 21, 1950, Barisov abandoned all safety protocols and

activated an Element 99 device which lead to some sort of catastrophic event that consumed the entire island. Information about the island is ordered to be buried and erased from memory by the Soviet leaders.

The island was all but lost for 50 years until 2010 when an American satellite scans and discovers massive radiation spikes originating from the island. With nothing but a suspicion and radiation readings Titan One sends Captains Devlin and Renko to the island on a reconnaissance mission. Flying into restricted airspace the recon chopper is hit by an E.M.P flinging Devlin into the ocean and crashing Captain Renko on the abandoned dock of Katorga-12

At the beginning of the story in Singularity, the player finds himself in the shoes of Nathaniel Renko, a U.S. black ops soldier who has been sent with his partner James Devlin to investigate the mysterious Katorga-12. The CIA have recently found strange signals coming from it. As the chopper circles the island, it crashes on the edge of the island after a mysterious release of energy. After Renko recovers from the crash, he quickly proceeds to regroup with Devlin in a nearby abandoned school.

However, as he travels through the island, Renko suddenly gets caught in a time paradox that sends him to a burning building on Katorga in the 1950s as a mysterious catastrophe shakes the island. As Renko proceeds through the building, he finds a man hanging on the brink of death in the fire, and quickly proceeds to rescue him. When Renko returns to the present, he realizes that something has changed, since the island becomes filled with statues and iconography of the man he rescued.

After reuniting with Devlin, Renko is ambushed by a huge force of modern Russian spetsnaz. With fire being opened upon them, Renko and Devlin try to escape, but nonetheless get captured and are confronted by a mysterious Russian general. After a short meeting with him, Devlin winds up dead, since the general personally shoots him, and Renko gets rescued by a woman named Kathryn Norvikova.

Katheryn sheds some light on what's going on, saying she works for a group named Mir 12, and explains to Renko that Russia gained a colossal military superiority over everyone else in the Cold War after discovering the mysterious mineral E99 on Katorga. Using E99 powered weapons on the battlefield, the Soviet Union quickly took over the world, led by Doctor Demichev, a key figure who operated on Katorga 12 in the 50s. Katherine informs you that he was helped by Doctor Barisov, a man with good intents who was the only one capable of stopping Demichev, but was shot by the latter during the fall of Katorga. In order to save Barisov from his death in the past, Katherine sends you to find the TMD, or the Time Manipulation Device, which is capable of rewinding time and is possibly the most fierce weapon ever invented.

Upon finding the TMD, Renko quickly proceeds to meet up with Barisov in the 50s, and rescue him from his death by Demichev's hands. Upon meeting Demichev, Renko recognizes that Demichev looks vaguely like the man he rescued in the burning building, but pays little attention to that fact. After rescuing Doctor Barisov, Renko then travels backwards and forwards through time under Barisov's and Katherine's instructions. Although Renko continues discovering more and more grizzly details of the catastrophe that took place on Katorga, his main objective is to find and arm the E99 bomb, a weapon of mass destruction that Barisov believes will wipe Katorga from existence before the utilization of E99 for Demichev's needs to take over the world.

After spending most of the game preparing the bomb, Renko then places it in the center of Katorga in the building that is producing the Singularity, the disruption of time that is responsible for all the anomalies on the island, as well as the catastrophe that took place in the 50s. However, upon placing the bomb, Renko finds that it simply disappears without causing any damage, at which point Demichev finally catches up to you and attempts to kill you and Barisov. He tells you that no matter how many times Renko and Barisov attempted to stop the Singularity, they failed every time, since Demichev has been rescued by Renko from death in a burning building in one of the time lines, allowing him to continue keeping the Singularity alive.

As a result, in the end, Renko has the choice to kill Demichev, travel back in time to the flaming building, and kill his other self that is rescuing Demichev in order to ensure the Singularity never happens. If the player chooses that course of action, he finds himself living in an idealistic Soviet society that still has taken over the world, but is instead led by the noble ideas of Doctor Barisov.

Another option is to shoot Barisov, and then be bestowed all the gifts promised to you by Demichev as a reward. This ending shows Renko leading Demichev's fearless troops across the world, with the TMD in your hand making you the most powerful soldier on the battlefield. However, as you continue getting power, a chasm develops between you and Demichev, and by the end, two Soviet factions appear on the verge on conflict: one in the United States led by Demichev, and another in Russia led by Renko. As a result, the world finds itself on the brink of another Cold War.

In the final ending option, you can kill both men, and leave, mysteriously disappearing. The deaths of both potential leaders for the Soviet empire cause it to collapse into hundreds of warring states, leading the world into anarchy as chaos ensues worldwide. The ending concludes with an implication that someone is trying to restore the American White House, and potentially trying to re-create the country.

Singularity is a linear first person shooter that has players traversing through a destroyed Katorga-12 in the year 2010, periodically traveling through time to a 1950s state of the island, specifically when everything began to fall apart. Players do battle against Soviet troops from the present and past as well as mutated creatures, the aftermath of the cataclysmic event. A variety of weapons are available, from the standard assault rifle and shotgun to more unique weaponry such as the Seeker, a semi automatic rifle that allows the player to guide each bullet to a target. Throughout the game the player can upgrade their weapons and TMD device.

The collapse of the Katorga-12 operation in the 1950s has led to random time warps and rifts that occur throughout the island. With these, the player will be forced into or voluntarily enter the 1950s and back respectively. After acquiring the hand-mounted TMD device, the player can manipulate objects, the environment, and enemies by aging or reverting them. For example, a broken staircase can be mended by warping it back to its 1950s state, enemies can be killed by aging them into dust, and more.

Similar to Bioshock, the player can learn more about what happened to Katorga-12 by listening to audio logs left behind by its inhabitants and researchers. However, these audio logs cannot be picked up, so the player must stand near them to hear it.

Centurion

Six round revolver that does small damage despite shooting E99 slugs. To get the 20 kills achievement, it is recommended to rack up as many of them at the beginning on easy when fighting the mutants. Upgrading it is generally inadvisable, since there are far more powerful weapons that are worth upgrading.

AR9 Valkyrie

The standard assault rifle found on Katorga 12, and carried by most of the enemy forces you encounter. Fits 30 bullets per magazine and has a useful red-dot sight. Generally recommended to upgrade, seeing as to it is easy to scavenge ammo for it, and it becomes absolutely deadly in the later stages of the game.

Volk S4

Automatic shotgun that is deadly on close ranges. While it is generally less useful against soldiers (since you have to come up to them before shooting), it is deadly against most of the mutants, who usually close in for a close combat attack. Since it brings down even the toughest enemies (excluding bosses) in 2-3 shots, it is generally inadvisable to upgrade it. Becomes even more useless after acquiring the autocannon.

Kasimov SNV-E99

The main sniper rifle in the game that is also capable of slowing down time. It can be noted that the rifle does more damage when time is slowed down. Generally, while the sniper rifle is not particularly useful in most shootouts, it is worth considering upgrading because of the high amounts of damage it causes, which can be useful against the more powerful enemies.

Autocannon

If bluntly described, it is in essence a minigun. Found towards the middle of the game, it is advised to exploit it as much as possible for the rest of the trip, since it is similar in behavior to the Valkyrie, but has a much larger magazine and does far more damage upon upgrade. Highly advised to prioritize when distributing tech points.

Spikeshot

Generally, very powerful railgun that deals large amounts of damage. Particularly useful, since it highlights the heat signatures of all enemies in dark areas, but has a large disadvantage in the fact that it

takes a small amount of time to charge upon before shooting. Generally, similarly to the Kasimov, it is not generally advised to upgrade the Spikshot before some other guns, seeing as to the fact that is has a very specific use. However, the one hit kill for most enemies could be a strong bargain.

Dethex Launcher

Special purpose explosive/grenade launcher. It can either act as a typical grenade launcher with a large magazine, it also deploys a bomb that could be controlled manually. Generally inadvisable to upgrade, since it is very hard to find ammo for it, and because the special guided bomb ability is rarely used due to intensity of the combat.

Seeker

A highly powerful gun that shoots one bullet at a time, but it is a one hit kill for all enemies other than bosses. Due to the fact that the bullet is explosive, it deals massive damage to everyone. What makes it even more devastating on the battlefield, is the fact that you can control the trajectory of every bullet from third person view, assuring you can kill enemies hiding behind cover. Due to the amount of damage it does, it cannot be upgraded, and can only be used in certain parts of the game.

RLS-7

All The RLS-7 can only be picked up from fallen enemies, and then be used only for a couple shots. Acting as a typical rocket launcher, it does colossal amounts of damage, but has very scarce ammunition and takes a long time to re-load. Cannot be upgraded. weapons except the Seeker and the Rocket Launcher may be upgraded through the player's weapon locker using found weapon tech. It should also be noted that the Seeker and the Rocket Launcher are not available in the player's weapon locker.

All of these powers use E99 energy, although some (Age on an enemy, Reversion, Impulse) consume far more resources than others.

The game features two multiplayer game types: Extermination and Monsters vs. Soldiers. Multiplayer is class-based. Two rounds make up a match.

Extermination features a team of soldiers who must renew beacons and defend them for 20 seconds. The other team, the monsters, must stop them. There is a time limit of five minutes per beacon. 3 beacons make the match.

Monsters vs. Soldiers is essentially team death match which features a team of soldiers vs. a team of monster.

All soldiers also have access to the Centurion and one other weapon of the player's choice that is chosen through the loadout screen.

*Supported Chipsets for Windows XP/Vista/Windows 7

- All NVIDIA GeForce 8800 GT 256 MB RAM and better chipsets (excluding 9400 cards)

- All ATI Radeon X1800 256 MB RAM and better (excludes X1800 GTO, HD2400, HD2600, and HD3450)

- Motherboard integrated video chipsets not supported

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Singularity (Game) - Giant Bomb

Singularity – Everything2.com

Introduction

This write-up will be primarily concerned with the concept of a space-time singularity, for example the one that lies at the heart of a black hole. As noted above, the singularity is a region of space and time where the current accepted physical models; relativity and the quantum mechanical standard model, can make no predictions and offer no insight to what lies within that region.

When an object forms a black hole its gravity overwhelms its matter, crushing it into a smaller and smaller region, and physics as yet provides no mechanism for this collapse to stop. Logically the matter occupies a smaller and smaller region of space-time, all the way down to infinitely small. In 1965 Roger Penrose in fact proved that singularities must occur in gravitational collapses, regardless of the symmetry or other properties of the initial mass. Right now physics has enough tools to model this collapse right down to the Planck length.When you use a microscope to observe something small, you are limited by the wavelength you are using. A light microscope can only resolve details the size of the wavelength of visible light. Due to the wave particle duality nature of quantum mechanics however, you can use particles such as electrons to resolve smaller details. If you boost these particles to higher energies, their frequency increases, and you can again resolve smaller details. In a way that's what particle accelerators are for; particles of such high energy are used, you can resolve the very fundamental particles that make up everything else. When you get down to regions the size of the Planck length however, the wavelength you need has an mass/energy (E=mc^2) sufficiently large enough to form a black hole! However, if there is (as relativity and the standard model suggest), no limit to the 'smallness' of space, then there is still (in the same way you have an infinite number of integers, and an infinite number of reals between zero and one), the planck volume has still has 'space' for an infinity of things to happen!

The next physical models (such as super-string theory, loop quantum gravity) do not have this problem, as space/time is quantised; there is a fundamental unit to everything, past which or course you can't see. In fact there's hints that the 'theory of everything' must be 'background independent', that is the physics doesn't take place on some abstract mathmatical background, called space/time, rather space/time is a patchwork of discreet entities. As you've defined what the smallest bit of space is, then this must be a singularity in this formulation.

As I said physics can offer no answers as to what lies within the (possibly) infinitely large region from the Planck size to the singularity. For a long time physicists hoped the question was irrelevant as it appears anything massive enough to collapse its matter down to infinity will be a black hole and therefore have an event horizon associated with it. Originally this event horizon was a one-way membrane, you can put matter, energy and information past it, but nothing can come back out of it. Any singularity hidden inside the black hole can therefore never affect the rest of the universe, ever, and can therefore be forgotten about. This cosmic censorship hypothesis (suggested by Penrose in 1969) says you can never have a naked singularity; it must always be clothed by an event horizon.

Of course really you can't just let the problem lie there, several important hypothesis that stem from the accepted correct (if incomplete) physics mean you have to seriously think about the consequences of allowing physics to 'make' a singularity. Firstly cosmology has long sought to explain the origin and evolution of the universe. Observations by Edwin Hubble seemed to suggest all the galaxies are moving away from each other, at a rate proportional to their distance from us. This implied that once they were very close together, in fact tracing backwards infinitely close together...This lead to the formulation of the big bang theory, where the entire universe essentially exploded from an infinitely small region; of course this is a singularity!. Every observation made has so far has confirmed some kind of big bang occurred, refinements such as cosmological inflation don't alter the fundamental fact that the theory must have contain a singularity, a fact proved by Hawking. As you can't see past the Planck length, you can't make predictions what came out of the singularity at the dawn of time, in fact as I said above you could regard the evolution of the universe from the singularity up past the Planck length to have as rich a history as our own universe since the Planck length. As what came before must determine what comes after, cosmology has a real problem with singularities..... Secondly work by Professor Stephen Hawking and other have shown black holes are not in fact completely black, and do in fact radiate at a wavelength proportional to their size. (Please see Hawking radiation for more). A consequence of this is they might radiate away, (over time) all their energy, which could leave a naked singularity behind. What effect a naked singularity would have on the rest of the universe, I don't think anybody knows, I'm pretty sure you can't in fact calculate the effect of this space-time infinity.

Also it's just occurred to me, if you allow sizes smaller than the Planck length to exist, (even if you can't measure them) then when a black hole decays past a certain point, it can emit radiation/particles of sufficient energy to again be black hole, containing a singularity. This would be a self-perpetuating growth, a free lunch of infinite size, something, which I personally do not believe, is possible.

So the 'old' physics seems to predict singularities as a logical consequence, but cannot offer any theories of their behaviour; the mathematics simply breaks down. The current hot 'new' physics is superstring theory and its partner m-theory. In these space-time is quantised in that it can only come in 'packets' limited to about the Planck length in size. These strings or branes do away with the concept of infinitely small and in doing solve a lot of problems in physics. In these theories (and there are many, and no-one knows how the one that describes our universe came to be chosen) a black hole would collapse to a string or a brane and no further. The question then arises can the string/brane that is the end product of the gravitational collapse a.k.a. the singularity, contain the necessary energy and information necessary to describe the black hole?

I think in this string/brane picture the cosmic censorship can be maintained, I believe that the singularity becomes a topologically complicated knot of 11 dimensional space-time. The emission of particles from the event horizon represents decay of this 'singular' knot, as it decays, it loses energy/mass and the horizon shrinks. At the point where the horizon shrinks to nothing, the 'singularity' finally decays in a flash of Hawking radiation. I think by redefining the singularity in such a way might help some of the problems involved in black hole entropy also, (I humbly refer to my node there...). Recent work in knot theory has shown that knots may in fact be quantised also. This would mean that some modes of decay for knot/singularity might well be forbidden, which could give rise to 'absorbance lines' in the spectra of black hole radiation. If two cosmic rays of sufficient energy were to collide they could form a black hole in the order of the Planck size, and the above effect could be seen as it decays....

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Singularity - Everything2.com

Singularity University launches inaugural Canada Summit | BetaKit – BetaKit

SingularityU announced today that it is launching an annual SingularityU Canada Summit.

Canadian SU alumni banded together to bring the Summit to Canada, and the founding members include BMO, CIBC, Deloitte, FairVentures, Goodmans LLP, Google, the Ontario Government, SunCor, RBC, Rogers Communications, TD, and Scotiabank.

Canada is at a critical junction it has the potential to lead the world and solve the biggest challenges that are out there but risks letting other global ecosystems attract better talent and innovation, says Salim Ismail, a serial Canadian entrepreneur and founding executive director of SU. By bringing the best of the world to Canada, and broadcasting Canadas expertise back to the world, the SingularityU Canada Summits will help to drive that critical mindset by transforming participants understanding of where weve come from, where were going, and whats possible.

The Summit is meant to be a jumping-off point for Singularity University to establish a permanent presence in Canada, though how that programming will work and whether the SU will establish physical campuses is still under consideration.

The SU Canada Summit will include sessions on the future of technology, energy, mobility, and healthcare, while exploring emerging tech like AI and nanotechnology. The goal is to inspire attendees to positively impact the world. SingularityU Canada Summit plans to work closely with innovation hubs across Canada.

The Summit will be held on October 11 to 12 at the Evergreen Brickworks in Toronto, with plans to host in a different city each year.

To apply for the summit, check out the website

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Singularity University launches inaugural Canada Summit | BetaKit - BetaKit