Interview: Bitcoin ATM network Coinsource Hits 100+ Machines – CryptoCoinsNews

Coinsource, a leading bitcoin ATM network, recently surpassed the 100 machine milestone with an early year push in the state of New York, in which it added 14 new kiosks in the state since January. The companys portfolio surged from 70 of 103 machines, 30 of which are located in the Empire State, allowing it to control over one-third of the market in the Big Apple.

New York is now Coinsources second largest market, and in it customers can buy and sell bitcoins directly from the ATMs, which can be found, for example, in the John F. Kennedy International Airport, the fifth busiest one in the country. The companys CEO and co-founder, Sheffield Clark, said that New York was the place in which Coinsource had its first successful bitcoin ATM, adding that they are proud to offer the lowest rates in the market.

The companys surge comes at a time in which bitcoin hits a new historic all-time highabove $2,100, helping it reach new customers who can now easily have access to the worlds highest performing currency. Coinsources kiosks can be found in California, Louisiana, Missouri, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas.

According to Sheffield Clark, reaching the 100 machine milestone was part of the companys business plans, and even though it was reached earlier than expected, the company, which currently has machines spread access nine states, has more in store for 2017.

CCN spoke to Bobby Sharp, co-founder of Coinsource, about his companys success:

CCN: How did Coinsource come to exist?

Bobby Sharp:We locked in on the space when we felt there was a need for people to immediately be issued bitcoin as opposed to going thorough exchanges. Our goal has been to provide our customers with the most convenient access to the worlds most valuable digital asset, and thats why we are continuing to add machines in key markets across the country, as fast as we can.

CCN: How does Coinsource decide where to install new ATMs?

Bobby Sharp:We decide on where we will put ATMs mostly when we get focused customer demand from a specific area. If there are a multitude of phone calls from one particular area, we do the research and due diligence on that particular area and commit resources to commence placement. We commit machines to areas depending on the strength of demand.

CCN: Any challenges you had to overcome?

Bobby Sharp:Challenges are common in this industry, but we pride ourselves on our ability to overcome them when they arise. I wish it were a plug in play, but it is more difficult than one would think. Compliance is key when we place new machines, particularly because regulations vary state by state, but we commit a large portion of our budget to maintaining industry best practice and first class legal support.

CCN: How well are Coinsources ATMs doing in the state of New York?

Bobby Sharp:New York is a fantastic market and does well consistently for our company. We now have 30 machines in the state, each with healthy volumes.

CCN: Coinsource controls 36% of the market in New York, how can it still thrive despite the states BitLicense? Has it even affected the company?

Bobby Sharp:We are one of the few operators that welcome and embrace regulation. We are in this for the long haul and want digital currency to continue to gain popularity. The New York BitLicense is a good thing.

CCN: What plans does the company have for the upcoming future?

Bobby Sharp:Our main focus this year is to continue our exponential growth across the country. In late 2016 and the first quarter of 2017, we were installing machines at a rate of about 2.2 per week. We hope to tap into as many new markets as possible, and scale at the same rate bitcoin is growing. We have many surprises in store for this year as well.

CCN: Is there anything else you want to share with our readers?

Bobby Sharp:I think Ive covered it all, and thank you for the opportunity.

Featured image from Coinsource.

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Interview: Bitcoin ATM network Coinsource Hits 100+ Machines - CryptoCoinsNews

Will Criminals Start Kidnapping People and Asking for Ransomware in Bitcoin? – The Merkle

Some of the very first associations that the wider public made with Bitcoin upon learning about it were fairly focused on its potentially nefarious connotations. That being said, Bitcoin can still be used for criminal activities. This is most noticeable in the recent wanna cry ransomware attacks and fileless ransomware attacks. So does this mean -like a comment on this linked article suggested- that soon criminals will move beyond ransomware to straight up kidnap and ransom in the physical world?

Well, maybe. If someone is willing to accept any form of payment for any legal or illegal deal, then that currency has worth. Bitcoin would be no different in this case than say, cash or bearer bonds. Both of these are extremely anonymous forms of payment, more so than Bitcoin even.

Ransoms being paid in dead drops or trades means that a criminal would be exposing themselves to being followed after the exchange takes place. A wire transfer to a bank means that they would be immediately identified, so Bitcoin being moved to a new address would mean that this would be delayed. However, it would not be untraceable.

Lets put ourselves in the hypothetical that we are trying to negotiate the release of a hostage, and their kidnappers demanded payment in Bitcoin. This means that we have some time to buy bitcoin since most probably would not have stores of Bitcoin ready for kidnapping situations. If it is a large enough amount, we need to wait for verification from an exchange, and in some countries we would need to report these assets. Some countries also monitor the blockchain for large payments made. Law enforcement may already have pegged this situation before the payment is ever even made.

With the help of law enforcement or others, the public ledger nature of Bitcoin would mean that we could start to build a strategy to try to keep track of these funds, even as they undoubtedly will go through tumblers and mixers. Lets not forget again, the likelihood that this much money exchanged hands already has probably tipped off the cops if we have not by this point.

There is also the possibility that the -probably uneducated in Bitcoin- payer of the ransom does not know how many satoshi per byte to pay for a quick confirmation or even one at all. Delayed or cancelled payments does not only spell disaster for the victim, but also is problematic for the kidnappers. Lets remember, these people want money, not to feed, hide, or abuse and kill the victim.

While Bitcoin might provide security by not having to be present at an exchange or dead drop, it has a whole host of other problems. I do not see how Bitcoin would be easier or even more appealing to higher level criminals like this over cash or some other commodity. Too few people know about it, Blockchain analysts work tirelessly to connect addresses to personal information, and for larger sums of money it is just not as practical as other payment methods.

I am not saying that criminals do not use or will not use Bitcoin -because they do-, but I do not think we have to worry about kidnappers asking for ransoms only in Bitcoin in the future. In the end, they want money, not Bitcoin. That is how criminals always have operated. They want easily laundered and liquid monetary assets. Bitcoin may not be the most practical option for them in such a situation.

If you liked this article, follow us on Twitter @themerklenews and make sure to subscribe to our newsletter to receive the latest bitcoin, cryptocurrency, and technology news.

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Will Criminals Start Kidnapping People and Asking for Ransomware in Bitcoin? - The Merkle

Rosetta | International Mission to a Comet, In Search of …

Rosetta finds comet connection to Earth's atmosphere

The challenging detection, by ESA's Rosetta mission, of several isotopes of the noble gas xenon at Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko has established the first quantitative link between comets and the atmosphere of Earth.

Rosettas operational mission ended in September 2016, but for the scientists and instrument teams the mission is far from over. Scientists have only scratched the surface analysing the amount of data produced by the mission. As this information is scrutinised, new discoveries are made, including a surprise final extra image taken by the OSIRIS camera during the spacecrafts controlled descent onto the comet.

We present a summary of the campaign of remote observations that supported the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission. Telescopes across the globe (and in space) followed comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from before Rosetta's arrival until nearly the end of mission in September 2016.

The finding shows that oxygen can be generated in space without the need for life, and could influence how researchers search for signs of life on exoplanets.

A 100 foot-wide (30 meter), 28-million-pound (12.8-million-kilogram) boulder, was found to have moved 460 feet (140 meters) on comet 67P/ChuryumovGerasimenko in the lead up to perihelion in August 2015, when the comets activity was at its highest...

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Rosetta | International Mission to a Comet, In Search of ...

World Travel Holdings Group Celebrates Anniversary Year – Cruise Industry News

Details June 18, 2017

CruiseOne, Dream Vacations and Cruises Inc., which are part of World Travel Holdings, claiming to be the world's largest cruise agency, are celebrating their anniversary years with its National Conference aboard the Harmony of the Seas.

According to a prepared statement, each years theme revolves around supporting the networks efforts and inspiring them to build their business. This years theme ACHIEVE was selected with input from agents on what conference theme would be the most meaningful to them.

2017 is on pace to be a record-breaking year in land and cruise sales and we are confident the national conference will ignite our agents to achieve new heights, said Drew Daly, general manager of network engagement and performance for CruiseOne, Dream Vacations and Cruises Inc.

Our award-winning conference has a reputation for being the best in the industry and providing the most thorough travel agent training at sea. It is the perfect finale to our yearlong comprehensive training program which molds the best travel agents in the industry.

The 2017 event is designed to inspire attendees to evolve their business and set new goals for themselves, according to the press statement. Together attendees will break through barriers with one goal in mind to ACHIEVE greatness together by delivering memorable vacation experiences and dream vacations to all customers.

Throughout the week, attendees will participate in motivational sessions; networking events; one-on-one meetings with cruise, resort and tour suppliers; interactive educational workshops; and peer-to-peer brainstorming sessions. They will learn about the most innovative technology advancements, new training programs and robust sales and marketing programs which may elevate their business.

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World Travel Holdings Group Celebrates Anniversary Year - Cruise Industry News

Super computer predicts how Premier League table will look after first five matches – Daily Star

A SUPER computer has predicted how the Premier League table will look after the first five matches.

A SUPER computer has predicted how the Premier League table will look after the first five matches.

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20. Stoke - W0 D1 L4 PTS: 1

The Premier League fixture list was announced earlier this week.

And anticipation is already beginning to build among supporters ahead of the big kick-off on August 12.

The 2017/18 season promises to be one of the most competitive in living memory, with a number of top teams competing for the title.

And ahead of the campaign, the talkSPORT super computer has crunched the numbers and worked out how the table might look after the opening five games.

So where might your team place in the table after the first few weeks of action?

Click through the gallery above to see the Premier League predicted table after five matches.

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Super computer predicts how Premier League table will look after first five matches - Daily Star

Blockchain based supercomputer project SONM hits ICO goal of $42 million – CryptoNinjas

SONM (Supercomputer Organized by Network Mining), the universal fog supercomputer powered by blockchain technology, has announced its Initial Coin Offering (ICO) has successfully reached its $42 million USD cap with 8774 participants, closing just four days into the sale which commencedJuly 15, 2017. SNM tokens are now listed on Chinese exchange HitBTC and EtherDelta, a smart-contract based exchange platform.

With a renewed sense of vigor heightened by our communitys strong demand for our tokens, the SONM team is excited to progress the project which we believe will revolutionize the computing market.

Investors participated in the SONM ICO using ETH, BTC, Dash, and other major cryptocurrencies. A total of 331,360,000 SNM were minted in the ICO. Token creation is now permanently closed.

SONMs ICO included a progressive bonus structure for the first 80% of tokens sold. The funds raised in the crowdsale will be distributed as follows: 33% is reserved for marketing promotion, market growth, community, and expansion; 30% for research and development including team expansion, and advisers; 20% for the original SONM team; 7% for complementary technologies; 6% for technology infrastructure; and the remaining 4% for other indirect costs such as legal and office expenses.

SONMs Board of Advisors includes Lisk CEO and President of the Lisk Foundation Max Kordek and former Coinsetter and Cavirtex CEO Jaron Lukasiewicz, and ChronoBank CEO Sergei Sergienko.

By hybridizing fog computing with an open-source PaaS technology, the SONM platform will offer a full range of services, including app development, scientific calculations, website hosting, video game server hosting, machine learning for neural networks, video and CGI rendering, augmented reality location-based games, and video streaming services.

SONM also provides miners the ability to gain tokens efficiently by conducting calculations for all members of the network. Smart devices located anywhere in the world are able to participate in the fog network and sell computing power peer-to-peer through the SONM Application Pool.

More information is available on the SONM whitepaper.

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Blockchain based supercomputer project SONM hits ICO goal of $42 million - CryptoNinjas

Israeli Scientists: Stem Cell Therapy Not Good for All Heart Patients – The Jewish Press – JewishPress.com

Photo Credit: Nati Shohat / Flash 90

Patients with severe and end-stage heart failure have few treatment options available to them apart from transplants and miraculous stem cell therapy. But a new Tel Aviv University study has found that stem cell therapy may in fact harm patients with heart disease.

The research, led by Prof. Jonathan Leor of TAUs Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Sheba Medical Center and conducted by TAUs Dr. Nili Naftali-Shani, explores the current practice of using cells from the host patient to repair tissue and contends that this can prove deleterious or toxic for patients. The study was recently published in the journal Circulation.

We found that, contrary to popular belief, tissue stem cells derived from sick hearts do not contribute to heart healing after injury, said Prof. Leor. Furthermore, we found that these cells are affected by the inflammatory environment and develop inflammatory properties. The affected stem cells may even exacerbate damage to the already diseased heart muscle.

Tissue or adult stem cells blank cells that can act as a repair kit for the body by replacing damaged tissue encourage the regeneration of blood vessel cells and new heart muscle tissue. Faced with a worse survival rate than many cancers, a number of patients with heart failure have turned to stem cell therapy as a last resort.

But our findings suggest that stem cells, like any drug, can have adverse effects, said Prof. Leor. We concluded that stem cells used in cardiac therapy should be drawn from healthy donors or be better genetically engineered for the patient.

Hope for improved cardiac stem cell therapy

In addition, the researchers also discovered the molecular pathway involved in the negative interaction between stem cells and the immune system as they isolated stem cells in mouse models of heart disease. After exploring the molecular pathway in mice, the researchers focused on cardiac stem cells in patients with heart disease.

The results could help improve the use of autologous stem cells those drawn from the patients themselves in cardiac therapy, Prof. Leor said.

We showed that the deletion of the gene responsible for this pathway can restore the original therapeutic function of the cells, said Prof. Leor. Our findings determine the potential negative effects of inflammation on stem cell function as theyre currently used. The use of autologous stem cells from patients with heart disease should be modified. Only stem cells from healthy donors or genetically engineered cells should be used in treating cardiac conditions.

The researchers are currently testing a gene editing technique (CRISPER) to inhibit the gene responsible for the negative inflammatory properties of the cardiac stem cells of heart disease patients. We hope our engineered stem cells will be resistant to the negative effects of the immune system, said Prof. Leor.

Meanwhile, for those unable to profit from stem cell therapy, researchers at Ben Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) have developed a revolutionary new drug that may reverse the damage and repair the diseased heart.

The newly developed drug is a polymer which reduces the inflammation in cardiovascular tissue and stops plaque build-up in arteries. Then it goes one step further and removes existing plaque in the heart, leaving healthy tissue behind.

Professor Ayelet David, a researcher at BGU revealed the drug might also help people suffering from diabetes, hypertension and other conditions associated with old age.

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Israeli Scientists: Stem Cell Therapy Not Good for All Heart Patients - The Jewish Press - JewishPress.com

Local Muslims observe Ramadan as a month of spirituality – The Patriot Ledger

"The community is together, everyone is around the table... I just love it.

It was just past 8 p.m. The sun had set and evening prayer at the Islamic Center of New England was about to get under way. A feast of rice and lamb would follow. Desserts, too.

I love it, said Fatema Mataoui, watching the busyness. Children played. Grownups talked. Laughter ensued. The community is together, everyone is around the table... I just love it.

Muslims are observing Ramadan, the holiest time in the Islamic calendar, when the faithful fast from sunrise to sunset. Typically, the fast runs from 3:30 a.m. and lasts until 8:30 p.m. This year, Ramadan began May 26 and ends on Saturday.june 24.

Some of those gathered at the June 10 meal, called an Iftar dinner, said they face Ramadan with a little bit of nervousness.

I never know if Ill have the fortitude to do it, to fast every night, said Mobeen Gajee of Weymouth. But it always works out. Ive been fasting for Ramadan for almost 30 years and it seems to always work out.

Seventeen hours with nothing to eat or drink is a test of will for many. Sara Tariq, of Braintree, said that she tries to maintain her everyday routine during Ramadan.

The point is to keep the routine you have and on top of that, you fast, said Tariq. You keep the routine instead of sitting on your bed all day watching Netflix.

Mouaad Lebeche, the youth director at the mosque, said he, like many others, uses Ramadan as a time for self-improvement.

Every year, I find something I dont like about myself and I try to improve that, said Lebeche. I work to be a better person.

In addition to spiritual renewal and prayer, the month of Ramadan is also a time for Muslims to strengthen their relationships with God and the community. Many faithful say thats important especially under the Trump administration.

One effect of the election is that it pushed Muslims to reach out more to neighbors, said Fatima Amin, of Quincy, a student at University of Massachusetts-Boston. Ironically, it helped people know each other more. People are actually getting to know each other by forming real human relationships instead of just through the TV and Internet.

Gajee said that news coming from Trumps administration, like executive orders banning travelers from seven Muslim-majority countries, has pushed him to focus more on acts of charity and outreach.

In some ways, you have a cloud hanging over your head wondering what the future holds, said Gajee, as his 3-year-old son, Mustafa, raced circles around him, giggling. But it makes you want to do more.

Sometimes, as with the June 10 dinner, the mosque holds interfaith events that bring together the community at-large. At the dinner, Quincy state Senator John Keenan sat next to Izhar Kazmi, the President of the Islamic Center of New England. Other non-Muslim South Shore residents joined the celebration. Lebeche said that he believes these types of events have made a difference.

Last year, I used to see people driving by, giving us the finger, Lebeche siad. Now, nothing. If anything, weve gone in the other direction.

For the worlds 1.6 billion Muslims, the month marks the revelation of the Koran to the prophet Mohammed. Kristina Brother is a new Muslim convert and as she observes her first Ramadan she said she feels accomplished at the end of every dawn-til-dusk fast.

I thought Id struggle with fasting, but every night I just think, I did it, I did what I intended to do. I feel good. said Brother.

Gajee said the end of Ramadan is bittersweet.

When it ends, you always kind of miss it, said Gajee.

Zane Razzaq may be reached at zrazzaq@ledger.com.

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Local Muslims observe Ramadan as a month of spirituality - The Patriot Ledger

International Space Station hosts Alta Loma middle school students’ experiment – Inland Valley Daily Bulletin

ALTA LOMA >> Forget putting a class project on the refrigerator: A group of Alta Loma Christian middle school students have their work orbiting the Earth aboard the International Space Station.

Aboard the ISS is a cube designed and programmed by the Alta Loma SpaceEagles space science and engineering team. The cube has a light that turns on and off based on input from a pair of heat sensors. Alta Loma Christian was one of 11 middle schools nationwide taking part in the Quest for Space Beta ISS Project, organized by the San Jose-based Quest Institute for Quality Education.

It was a bag of parts, made for prototyping, said Boeing engineer Jim DellaNeve, who was an adviser for the students.

Students used software from Lego Mindstorms and Microsoft to develop their project, which was then copied onto hardware that was launched into space June 3 aboard SpaceX mission CRS-11 from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

I knew going into it, that if it was going to be a stretch, we had the perfect kids coming to handle it, said science teacher and STEM (Science Technology Engineering and Math) coordinator Michelle Martinez. And they did amazing.

The SpaceEagles got a more authentic engineering experience than the project developers envisioned.

It also didnt help that Quest didnt have the right diagrams at first, said Jeffrey Kotz, 14, who served as project manager and head electrical engineer as a then-eighth grader. I tried to build my own, but it didnt work any better.

Things going wrong, of course, was an education all its own.

More of my role than anything was peacemaker when things got stressful, said math teacher Jasmine Royse. There was absolutely just as much learning in the teamwork process and in the team building process as in the engineering process.

And those skills were needed:

I can be challenging working with a team, laughed Samuel Bement, 14, who was an eighth grader during the projects construction and who served as one of two coders on the project. But it was a great experience, learning how to work with people.

And ultimately, thats the most valuable skill learned on an ambitious project like the Quest for Space.

When the pressures on, do you behave yourself, do you finger point? Those are real-world things that are invaluable, DellaNeve said.

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This likely wont be the last time Alta Lomas SpaceEagles fly:

When its time to re-up, we wont wait, said Vance Nichols, Alta Loma Christians Head of School, whose father was an aerospace design engineer. Were in as soon as its available.

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International Space Station hosts Alta Loma middle school students' experiment - Inland Valley Daily Bulletin

Could tonight be the night? 8th shot for NASA to launch rocket, colorful clouds over NC – News & Observer


News & Observer
Could tonight be the night? 8th shot for NASA to launch rocket, colorful clouds over NC
News & Observer
Residents from New York to North Carolina could see a rare light show high in Earth's atmosphere. But after several scrubbed attempts so far, it's uncertain when. After previously postponing the launch due to weather conditions and other issues, NASA ...
Father's Day rocket launch?WTOP
NASA re-schedules a colorful rocket launch for Father's DaySlashGear
Here's Why NASA Will Shoot Colorful Clouds Across The Sky On Father's DayTech Times

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Could tonight be the night? 8th shot for NASA to launch rocket, colorful clouds over NC - News & Observer

More Alien Worlds! NASA to Announce New Exoplanet Finds Monday – Space.com

NASA's Kepler space telescope has discovered thousands of planets orbiting distant stars.

NASA will announce the latest crop of planet discoveries from the Kepler Space Telescope during a briefing Monday morning (June 19).

The briefing will be at 11 a.m. EDT (1500 GMT) during the Kepler Science Conference at NASA's Ames Research Center in California.You can watch the exoplanet announcement here, courtesy of NASA TV. NASA will livestream the conference here:http://www.nasa.gov/live.

The briefing will incude a panel of four experts, according to a statement by NASA: Mario Perez, Kepler program scientist in the Astrophysics Division of NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington; Susan Thompson, Kepler research scientist at the SETI Institute in Mountain View, California; Benjamin Fulton, doctoral candidate at the University of Hawaii at Manoa and the California Institute of Technology; and Courtney Dressing, NASA Sagan Fellow at the California Institute of Technology. A question-and-answer session will follow. [Gallery: A World of Kepler Planets]

Kepler has been hunting for extrasolar planets since its launch in 2009. This latest set of exoplanet candidates will use a more complete data set than ever before, with analysis of greater sophistication. The spacecraft started a new mission, called K2, after the failure of two reaction wheels that stabilized the spacecraft in 2013. The K2 mission was a modified version of the original planet-hunting mandate, seeking worlds around relatively nearby red dwarf stars.

Newfound exoplanets are often listed as candidates because it can take time to verify that they are actually there. Kepler finds planets by observing the light of stars over a period of time, using a process called the transit method. If the light dims, then it's possible a planet passed in front of it. The evidence for an exoplanet is considered stronger if the light dims more than once on a predictable schedule, indicating that something is in orbit around the star.

Kepler was the first mission capable of seeing planets the size of Earth around other stars in the "habitable zone" the region at a distance from a star where liquid water could exist without freezing or boiling away immediately.

According to NASA, thus far Kepler has found 4,496 exoplanet candidates. Some 2,335 have been confirmed and 21 are Earth-size planets in the habitable zone. Since the mission was renamed K2, an additional 520 exoplanet candidates have been found, with 148 confirmed.

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Dawn mission managers await NASA decision on spacecraft’s future – Spaceflight Now

Artists concept of the Dawn spacecraft with one of its ion engines firing. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

The future of NASAs Dawn spacecraft, running low on hydrazine fuel and now flying around the dwarf planet Ceres without the help of internal pointing wheels, will be decided in the coming weeks by top space agency managers.

Scientists have not ruled out sending Dawn on a journey across the solar system to another destination, a voyage that counterintuitively might burn less of the crafts remaining hydrazine propellant than if Dawn stayed in orbit around Ceres, where it has resided since March 2015.

Dawns primary mission ended in June 2016, and NASA officials approved a one-year extension that expires June 30. The fate of Dawn after June 30 remains uncertain, but senior managers at NASA Headquarters are expected to soon decide whether the spacecraft should be turned off, continue exploring Ceres, or depart the dwarf planet and perhaps fly by an asteroid.

Officials are expected to consider the financial cost of Dawns operations and the scientific payoff of continuing the mission, either at Ceres or another destination.

We are in the process of assessing with NASA options for a second extended mission, said Carol Raymond, Dawns deputy principal investigator at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Raymond said Tuesday at a meeting of NASAs Small Bodies Assessment Group, a community of asteroid and comet scientists, that one option for Dawns future could be to send the probe away from Ceres to encounter an asteroid.

Otherwise, Dawn could remain at Ceres for further exploration of the previously-unvisited world, a dwarf planet with a diameter matching Texass, and the largest object in the asteroid belt.

The gray landscape of Ceres is scattered with impact craters, some of which contain salt deposits in the form of bright spots that greeted scientists with mystery as Dawn arrived in early 2015.

Dawn also found evidence of an ice-rich later in Ceress crust just below the worlds charcoal-colored surface, and scientists believe Ceres harbored an underground ocean in the past.

The mission also discovered a tenuous, temporary atmosphere containing water vapor around Ceres, and scientists have linked its fluctuations to the intensity of the solar wind.

Ceres was Dawns second destination after the craft orbited the giant asteroid Vesta in 2011 and 2012.

The solar-powered spacecraft, fitted with solar array wings spanning 65 feet (19.7 meters) tip-to-tip, was built by Orbital ATK and launched from Cape Canaveral aboard a United Launch Alliance Delta 2 rocket in September 2007.

The mission has exceeded all of its scientific objectives, and the last year of bonus operations at Ceres included extra imaging of the dwarf planet, and a unique opposition observation in late April that positioned the Dawn spacecraft directly between the sun and Occator Crater.

Scientists hoped the favorable sun angle would yield new insights about the bright salt material inside Occator.

Dawn lost the third of its four reaction wheels spinning devices similar to gyroscopes which use momentum to control the crafts pointing April 23, less than a week before the opposition observation opportunity.

The science campaign went ahead as planned after ground controllers restored Dawn to its regular flight mode, but using hydrazine-fueled rocket thrusters instead of reaction wheels.

Dawns first reaction wheel failed in 2010, before it reached Vesta. A second wheel stopped working in 2012 as the crafts ion propulsion system drove Dawn away from Vesta for the trip to Ceres.

Engineers designed Dawn to control its attitude, or orientation, in space with three reaction wheels, one for each pointing axis. A spare fourth reaction wheel was added for redundancy.

Experts from JPL and Orbital ATK devised a hybrid method of controlling Dawns attitude with the two remaining reaction wheels and hydrazine thrusters, the spacecraft now must fully rely on its rocket jets, wrote Marc Rayman, Dawns chief engineer at JPL, in a mission update posted on a NASA website.

With the third wheel failure, we can be grateful that each wheel provided as much benefit as it did, Rayman wrote. The wheels allowed Dawn to conduct extremely valuable work while using the hydrazine very sparingly.

Raymond said Tuesday that the third reaction wheel failure was certainly not a mission-ending event, but it does reduce our lifetime because we have to use the hydrazine at a faster rate.

Dawn will use more hydrazine to maintain its attitude when it is closer to Ceres, but spiraling the probe away from the dwarf planet with its three xenon-fueled ion engines would require even less of the hydrazine maneuvering propellant.

The amount of hydrazine Dawn uses depends on its activities, Rayman wrote last month. Whenever it fires an ion engine, the engine controls two of the three axes, significantly reducing the consumption of hydrazine.

In orbit around Vesta and Ceres, the probe often trains its sensors on the alien landscapes beneath it. The lower the orbital altitude, the faster the orbital velocity, so Dawn needs to turn faster to keep the ground in its sights, Rayman wrote. Also, the gravitational attraction of these massive worlds tends to tug on the unusually large solar arrays in a way that would turn the ship in an unwanted direction. That force is stronger at lower altitude, so Dawn needs to work harder to counter it.

The consequence is that Dawn uses more hydrazine in orbit around Vesta and Ceres than when it is journeying between worlds, orbiting the sun and maneuvering with its ion engine. And it uses more hydrazine in lower orbits than in higher ones, Rayman wrote.

There is plenty of xenon gas left aboard Dawn, officials said.

Raymond said Dawn is currently in an egg-shaped orbit around Ceres that ranges in distance between 12,000 miles (20,000 kilometers) and 30,000 miles (50,000 kilometers). The probe traveled as close as 240 miles (385 kilometers) to Ceres last year.

We have enough resources, hydrazine and xenon, to support operations through at least the end of 2018, Raymond said. That will be depending the decision at (NASA) Headquarters what we will do with those resources.

That lifetime prediction depends on Dawn remaining far away from Ceres.

One day at our low-altitude mapping orbit, which was at 385 kilometers, would be equivalent to about 18 days (of hydrazine fuel) at higher altitude, which is what were in now, Raymond said.

Lifetime at a lower altitude would likely be limited to weeks at this point, she said.

A decision on Dawns future in the coming weeks whether it will stay at Ceres or head elsewhere echoes a similar stay or go choice that faced NASA managers last June.

Dawns science team last year proposed dispatching Dawn toward asteroid Adeona, a primitive, carbon-rich remnant from a collision that destroyed a much larger body, for a relatively slow-speed flyby in May 2019, but NASA officials decided keeping the probe in orbit around Ceres would yield a greater scientific return.

One possible fate has been ruled out.

Scientists dont want Dawn to collide with Ceres and potentially spoil future exploration of the airless world.

When our planetary protection requirements were negotiated, (scientists) already made the prediction that Ceres was an ocean world in the past, and could possibly be an ocean world today, Raymond said. Weve been vindicated, so our planetary protection requirement was dont land, dont crash.

Before shutting off Dawn for good, navigators will ensure the spacecraft is on a quarantine trajectory that avoids impacting Ceres, she said.

Email the author.

Follow Stephen Clark on Twitter: @StephenClark1.

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Dawn mission managers await NASA decision on spacecraft's future - Spaceflight Now

Op-ed | Budget proposal fails to recognize NASA’s growing importance to nation – SpaceNews

Vice President Mike Pence applauds during an event where NASA introduced 12 new astronaut candidates, Wednesday, June 7, 2017 at NASAs Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas. After completing two years of training, the new astronaut candidates could be assigned to missions performing research on the International Space Station, launching from American soil on spacecraft built by commercial companies, and launching on deep space missions on NASAs new Orion spacecraft and Space Launch System rocket. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

NASA named the newest class of American heroes, as U.S. Vice President Mike Pence remarked during a June 12 ceremony in Houston to introduce 12 new astronauts to the program as NASA looks to a new era of space exploration. In his remarks, the vice president stressed the importance of NASAs work to inspire young people and demonstrate American leadership to the world and pledged that NASA will have the resources and support needed to continue to make history, to push the boundaries of human knowledge, and advance American leadership to the boundless frontier of space.

We applaud Vice President Pences support for a great NASA, and industry stands ready to work to assure that NASA can meet this bold vision for American space leadership.

Unfortunately, the administrations fiscal year 2018 budget request seeks to cut NASAs FY 2017 budget by more than $560 million dollars and then hold spending flat through 2022, further eroding NASAs buying power from levels that are already below those of the 1990s. This budget fails to address NASAs growing not shrinking importance to our nation.

The American people expect NASA to do great new things: send humans to deep space, expand the frontiers of science, improve our understanding of the Earth through innovative observations, and advance the state of aeronautics all with less than 0.4 percent of the federal budget. Funding for NASA is an investment in the future, one that creates good-paying jobs, promotes U.S. leadership in the global economy and encourages our best and brightest to pursue technical careers. After years of falling purchasing power, NASAs budget must be steadily grown, not cut, to enable the agency to do more great things for our nation.

Even as NASAs budget continues to be at a historically low portion of the federal budget, much of NASAs physical infrastructure built to support the 1960s Apollo moon landing program is over 50 years old. Many of NASAs buildings, research facilities, and deep space communications network need substantial modernization or replacement to support Mars and other deep space robotic missions leading to a human mission to Mars in the 2030s.

Rep. Brian Babin of Texas, the chairman of the House Science space subcommittee, was right when he noted this month that NASA is at the threshold of one of the greatest inflection points in the history of space exploration. Some highlights of NASA activities explain why.

At the Michoud Assembly Facility in Louisiana, engineers are building hardware for the Space Launch System, which will be the worlds most-powerful rocket. They are also welding the primary structure of the Orion crew module, which will take humans farther into space then they have ever gone before.

NASAs commercial crew and cargo programs are enabling a transition of proven, government-led capabilities to the private sector, expanding American leadership in space. These new capabilities and competition may soon enable exciting new markets, from mega-constellations to in-space manufacturing and space tourism.

Compelling new technologies to be developed by NASA will measure unique features of the composition of Earths atmosphere and oceans, forming a more-complete picture of our planet than ever before.

NASAs Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate has proposed a bold, 10-year plan that promises to transform modern aviation with a demonstrator for low-boom commercial supersonic flight and improved subsonic aircraft efficiency.

Next year will see the launch of NASAs James Webb Space Telescope. This engineering marvel building on the Hubble Space Telescopes revolutionary discoveries will enable us to observe the formation of the universe more than 13.5 billion years ago and image stars and planetary systems with unprecedented sensitivity.

The White Houses NASA budget proposal is being made in the context of the continuing downward pressure that the Budget Control Act of 2011 is having on NASA investments key to our nations future growth and security. This is why the Aerospace Industries Association believes the Budget Control Act should either be repealed or substantially modified.

NASAs work is a testament to American ingenuity and a world-recognized symbol of American leadership and soft power. The agency actively advances the state of the art and lays the foundation for American industry to produce space and aviation products without equal.

A great nation needs an even greater NASA. We hope Congress will support efforts to assure NASA is properly resourced to reflect its bold vision for our future.

Frank Slazer is responsible for advancing the Aerospace Industry Associationss advocacy on all civil and defense space program issues. Prior to joining AIA in 2011, Slazer worked for over 30 years in engineering and business development positions on a wide range of civil and military space programs for a number of major aerospace companies. His involvement with AIAs Space Council goes back to 1992, which he chaired in 2001 and 2002.

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Op-ed | Budget proposal fails to recognize NASA's growing importance to nation - SpaceNews

NASA Pulled Off An Amazing Feat To Find An Object 1 Billion Miles Beyond Pluto – The Daily Caller

NASA used several dozen ground-based telescopes to scan an extremely unusual object more than a billion miles beyond Pluto in order to send a space probe there.

NASA used numerous telescopes to scan an object called 2014 MU69, an extremely unusual red object, about 1 billion miles beyond Pluto. The objecthas a diameter of about 30 miles and orbits the sun once every 293 years, which meant the space agency could only study it during a two second period when it brieflycrossed in front of a distant star.

Observations of MU69 could only be made from an extremely limited area on Earth that included Argentina and South Africa. Researchers drafted more than two dozen fixed telescopes for the project andwere able to set up 25 portable telescopes in the viewing area in time.

The feat was the most technically challenging and complex stellar occultation observation campaign ever attempted, according to the NASA statement.

NASA is sending thespace probe New Horizons toMU69 on January 1, 2019. NASAsHubble Space Telescope discovered MU69 during a preliminary survey to find a suitableobjectfor New Horizons to visit in 2014.

The reddish color tells us the type of Kuiper Belt object 2014 MU69 is, Amanda Zangari, a New Horizons post-doctoral researcher from Southwest Research Institute, said in aNASA press statement. The data confirms that on New Years Day 2019, New Horizons will be looking at one of the ancient building blocks of the planets.

Scientists used New Horizons data to conclude the liquid ocean isprobably water mixed withammonia, which is similar to some commercialantifreeze. The liquid helps keep Pluto relatively warm. Other research using the probe suggests that Pluto is still expanding, meaning it probably has an ocean.

Other research recently used computer models of Plutos temperatures to determine that if the dwarf planets ocean froze millions or billions of years ago, it would have caused the entire planet to shrink. Plutos ocean is likely buried under a shell of ice more than 180miles thick. The ice insulates the ocean enough to prevent it from totally freezing, effectively keeping the dwarf planet somewhat warm. The ocean could also be responsible for unusual geologic activity in Pluto.

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Impact of nanotechnology – Wikipedia

The impact of nanotechnology extends from its medical, ethical, mental, legal and environmental applications, to fields such as engineering, biology, chemistry, computing, materials science, and communications.

Major benefits of nanotechnology include improved manufacturing methods, water purification systems, energy systems, physical enhancement, nanomedicine, better food production methods, nutrition and large-scale infrastructure auto-fabrication.[1] Nanotechnology's reduced size may allow for automation of tasks which were previously inaccessible due to physical restrictions, which in turn may reduce labor, land, or maintenance requirements placed on humans.

Potential risks include environmental, health, and safety issues; transitional effects such as displacement of traditional industries as the products of nanotechnology become dominant, which are of concern to privacy rights advocates. These may be particularly important if potential negative effects of nanoparticles are overlooked.

Whether nanotechnology merits special government regulation is a controversial issue. Regulatory bodies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Health and Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission have started dealing with the potential risks of nanoparticles. The organic food sector has been the first to act with the regulated exclusion of engineered nanoparticles from certified organic produce, firstly in Australia and the UK,[2] and more recently in Canada, as well as for all food certified to Demeter International standards[3]

The presence of nanomaterials (materials that contain nanoparticles) is not in itself a threat. It is only certain aspects that can make them risky, in particular their mobility and their increased reactivity. Only if certain properties of certain nanoparticles were harmful to living beings or the environment would we be faced with a genuine hazard. In this case it can be called nanopollution.

In addressing the health and environmental impact of nanomaterials we need to differentiate between two types of nanostructures: (1) Nanocomposites, nanostructured surfaces and nanocomponents (electronic, optical, sensors etc.), where nanoscale particles are incorporated into a substance, material or device (fixed nano-particles); and (2) free nanoparticles, where at some stage in production or use individual nanoparticles of a substance are present. These free nanoparticles could be nanoscale species of elements, or simple compounds, but also complex compounds where for instance a nanoparticle of a particular element is coated with another substance (coated nanoparticle or core-shell nanoparticle).

There seems to be consensus that, although one should be aware of materials containing fixed nanoparticles, the immediate concern is with free nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles are very different from their everyday counterparts, so their adverse effects cannot be derived from the known toxicity of the macro-sized material. This poses significant issues for addressing the health and environmental impact of free nanoparticles.

To complicate things further, in talking about nanoparticles it is important that a powder or liquid containing nanoparticles almost never be monodisperse, but contain instead a range of particle sizes. This complicates the experimental analysis as larger nanoparticles might have different properties from smaller ones. Also, nanoparticles show a tendency to aggregate, and such aggregates often behave differently from individual nanoparticles.

The health impacts of nanotechnology are the possible effects that the use of nanotechnological materials and devices will have on human health. As nanotechnology is an emerging field, there is great debate regarding to what extent nanotechnology will benefit or pose risks for human health. Nanotechnology's health impacts can be split into two aspects: the potential for nanotechnological innovations to have medical applications to cure disease, and the potential health hazards posed by exposure to nanomaterials.

Nanomedicine is the medical application of nanotechnology.[4] The approaches to nanomedicine range from the medical use of nanomaterials, to nanoelectronic biosensors, and even possible future applications of molecular nanotechnology. Nanomedicine seeks to deliver a valuable set of research tools and clinically helpful devices in the near future.[5][6] The National Nanotechnology Initiative expects new commercial applications in the pharmaceutical industry that may include advanced drug delivery systems, new therapies, and in vivo imaging.[7] Neuro-electronic interfaces and other nanoelectronics-based sensors are another active goal of research. Further down the line, the speculative field of molecular nanotechnology believes that cell repair machines could revolutionize medicine and the medical field.

Nanomedicine research is directly funded, with the US National Institutes of Health in 2005 funding a five-year plan to set up four nanomedicine centers. In April 2006, the journal Nature Materials estimated that 130 nanotech-based drugs and delivery systems were being developed worldwide.[8] Nanomedicine is a large industry, with nanomedicine sales reaching $6.8 billion in 2004. With over 200 companies and 38 products worldwide, a minimum of $3.8 billion in nanotechnology R&D is being invested every year.[9] As the nanomedicine industry continues to grow, it is expected to have a significant impact on the economy.

Nanotoxicology is the field which studies potential health risks of nanomaterials. The extremely small size of nanomaterials means that they are much more readily taken up by the human body than larger sized particles. How these nanoparticles behave inside the organism is one of the significant issues that needs to be resolved. The behavior of nanoparticles is a function of their size, shape and surface reactivity with the surrounding tissue. Apart from what happens if non-degradable or slowly degradable nanoparticles accumulate in organs, another concern is their potential interaction with biological processes inside the body: because of their large surface, nanoparticles on exposure to tissue and fluids will immediately adsorb onto their surface some of the macromolecules they encounter. The large number of variables influencing toxicity means that it is difficult to generalise about health risks associated with exposure to nanomaterials each new nanomaterial must be assessed individually and all material properties must be taken into account. Health and environmental issues combine in the workplace of companies engaged in producing or using nanomaterials and in the laboratories engaged in nanoscience and nanotechnology research. It is safe to say that current workplace exposure standards for dusts cannot be applied directly to nanoparticle dusts.

The extremely small size of nanomaterials also means that they are much more readily taken up by the human body than larger sized particles. How these nanoparticles behave inside the body is one of the issues that needs to be resolved. The behavior of nanoparticles is a function of their size, shape and surface reactivity with the surrounding tissue. They could cause overload on phagocytes, cells that ingest and destroy foreign matter, thereby triggering stress reactions that lead to inflammation and weaken the bodys defense against other pathogens. Apart from what happens if non-degradable or slowly degradable nanoparticles accumulate in organs, another concern is their potential interaction with biological processes inside the body: because of their large surface, nanoparticles on exposure to tissue and fluids will immediately adsorb onto their surface some of the macromolecules they encounter. This may, for instance, affect the regulatory mechanisms of enzymes and other proteins.

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has conducted initial research on how nanoparticles interact with the bodys systems and how workers might be exposed to nano-sized particles in the manufacturing or industrial use of nanomaterials. NIOSH currently offers interim guidelines for working with nanomaterials consistent with the best scientific knowledge.[10] At The National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory of NIOSH, studies investigating the filter penetration of nanoparticles on NIOSH-certified and EU marked respirators, as well as non-certified dust masks have been conducted.[11] These studies found that the most penetrating particle size range was between 30 and 100 nanometers, and leak size was the largest factor in the number of nanoparticles found inside the respirators of the test dummies.[12][13]

Other properties of nanomaterials that influence toxicity include: chemical composition, shape, surface structure, surface charge, aggregation and solubility,[14] and the presence or absence of functional groups of other chemicals.[15] The large number of variables influencing toxicity means that it is difficult to generalise about health risks associated with exposure to nanomaterials each new nanomaterial must be assessed individually and all material properties must be taken into account.

Literature reviews have been showing that release of engineered nanoparticles and incurred personal exposure can happen during different work activities.[16][17][18] The situation alerts regulatory bodies to necessitate prevention strategies and regulations at nanotechnology workplaces.

The environmental impact of nanotechnology is the possible effects that the use of nanotechnological materials and devices will have on the environment.[19] As nanotechnology is an emerging field, there is debate regarding to what extent industrial and commercial use of nanomaterials will affect organisms and ecosystems.

Nanotechnology's environmental impact can be split into two aspects: the potential for nanotechnological innovations to help improve the environment, and the possibly novel type of pollution that nanotechnological materials might cause if released into the environment.

Green nanotechnology refers to the use of nanotechnology to enhance the environmental sustainability of processes producing negative externalities. It also refers to the use of the products of nanotechnology to enhance sustainability. It includes making green nano-products and using nano-products in support of sustainability. Green nanotechnology has been described as the development of clean technologies, "to minimize potential environmental and human health risks associated with the manufacture and use of nanotechnology products, and to encourage replacement of existing products with new nano-products that are more environmentally friendly throughout their lifecycle."[20]

Green nanotechnology has two goals: producing nanomaterials and products without harming the environment or human health, and producing nano-products that provide solutions to environmental problems. It uses existing principles of green chemistry and green engineering[21] to make nanomaterials and nano-products without toxic ingredients, at low temperatures using less energy and renewable inputs wherever possible, and using lifecycle thinking in all design and engineering stages.

Nanopollution is a generic name for all waste generated by nanodevices or during the nanomaterials manufacturing process. Nanowaste is mainly the group of particles that are released into the environment, or the particles that are thrown away when still on their products.

Beyond the toxicity risks to human health and the environment which are associated with first-generation nanomaterials, nanotechnology has broader societal impact and poses broader social challenges. Social scientists have suggested that nanotechnology's social issues should be understood and assessed not simply as "downstream" risks or impacts. Rather, the challenges should be factored into "upstream" research and decision-making in order to ensure technology development that meets social objectives[22]

Many social scientists and organizations in civil society suggest that technology assessment and governance should also involve public participation[23][24][25][26]

Over 800 nano-related patents were granted in 2003, with numbers increasing to nearly 19,000 internationally by 2012.[27] Corporations are already taking out broad-ranging patents on nanoscale discoveries and inventions. For example, two corporations, NEC and IBM, hold the basic patents on carbon nanotubes, one of the current cornerstones of nanotechnology. Carbon nanotubes have a wide range of uses, and look set to become crucial to several industries from electronics and computers, to strengthened materials to drug delivery and diagnostics. Carbon nanotubes are poised to become a major traded commodity with the potential to replace major conventional raw materials.[28]

Nanotechnologies may provide new solutions for the millions of people in developing countries who lack access to basic services, such as safe water, reliable energy, health care, and education. The 2004 UN Task Force on Science, Technology and Innovation noted that some of the advantages of nanotechnology include production using little labor, land, or maintenance, high productivity, low cost, and modest requirements for materials and energy. However, concerns are frequently raised that the claimed benefits of nanotechnology will not be evenly distributed, and that any benefits (including technical and/or economic) associated with nanotechnology will only reach affluent nations.[29]

Longer-term concerns center on the impact that new technologies will have for society at large, and whether these could possibly lead to either a post-scarcity economy, or alternatively exacerbate the wealth gap between developed and developing nations. The effects of nanotechnology on the society as a whole, on human health and the environment, on trade, on security, on food systems and even on the definition of "human", have not been characterized or politicized.

Significant debate exists relating to the question of whether nanotechnology or nanotechnology-based products merit special government regulation. This debate is related to the circumstances in which it is necessary and appropriate to assess new substances prior to their release into the market, community and environment.

Regulatory bodies such as the United States Environmental Protection Agency and the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S. or the Health & Consumer Protection Directorate of the European Commission have started dealing with the potential risks posed by nanoparticles. So far, neither engineered nanoparticles nor the products and materials that contain them are subject to any special regulation regarding production, handling or labelling. The Material Safety Data Sheet that must be issued for some materials often does not differentiate between bulk and nanoscale size of the material in question and even when it does these MSDS are advisory only.

Limited nanotechnology labeling and regulation may exacerbate potential human and environmental health and safety issues associated with nanotechnology.[30] It has been argued that the development of comprehensive regulation of nanotechnology will be vital to ensure that the potential risks associated with the research and commercial application of nanotechnology do not overshadow its potential benefits.[31] Regulation may also be required to meet community expectations about responsible development of nanotechnology, as well as ensuring that public interests are included in shaping the development of nanotechnology.[32]

In "The Consumer Product Safety Commission and Nanotechnology," E. Marla Felcher suggests that the Consumer Product Safety Commission, which is charged with protecting the public against unreasonable risks of injury or death associated with consumer products, is ill-equipped to oversee the safety of complex, high-tech products made using nanotechnology.[33]

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Impact of nanotechnology - Wikipedia

Father’s Day: These spelling bee helpers love being D-A-D-S – The Daily Breeze

Torrance dad David Lau has at least two things in common with Happy Randhawa out in Corona and Yusheng Chen in Chino Hills.

All three are devoted to their childrens education. And, boy, can their kids spell.

Their commitment has helped their children excel in school and taken the dads on trips sometimes more than once to the nations capital as their kids battle it out against the countrys top spellers.

But its the time spent with their kids not chasing the spelling bee crown thats most valuable to these fathers.

This is absolutely the most important job I can have, Randhawa, 43, said of being a father.

All three of them helped and supported their children as they moved through competitions to reach this years Scripps National Spelling Bee in late May.

Jennifer Lau, 14, finished 41st, Daniel Chen, 14, was 23rd, and Aisha Randhawa, 11, came in 35th at the event held outside Washington, D.C.

Being a dad is the hardest job but is the greatest honor and privilege a man could have, said David Lau, a 51-year-old minister at Bread of Life Church in Torrance.

Happy Randhawa encourages other dads to invest in their kids learning. He points out that studies show that having both parents involved leads to less poverty, higher levels of education and other positive outcomes.

The leader of a group that promotes involved fathers agrees.

When men engage themselves in their kids education, whether its at home coaching them academically on a spelling bee or something like that, it serves to further reinforce the work that teachers are doing, said Eric Snow, president and co-founder of Watch D.O.G.S., which stands for Dads of Great Students.

The nonprofit founded in 1998 in Arkansas aims to get fathers to volunteer on school campuses. It has programs in more than 300 schools in California.

Children spend more time working on a math or spelling problem if their father is doing it with them, he said.

The kids are wanting that attention and wanting that connection, Snow said. Its important for the guys to make time to do that.

Heres a look at what makes these dads special:

Lau said he put his golf passion on hold and doesnt watch much TV so he can instead hang out with Jennifer and his 17-year-old son, Timothy. His son also made it to the national spelling bee, finishing 13th in 2014.

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Youve got to prioritize your time, he said. The time your kids are living with you under your roof is pretty limited. The other things can wait.

Lau, who has a background in electrical engineering, uses his math expertise to teach them the underlying concepts of algebra and geometry.

Its not just doing well academically, but having a well-rounded knowledge of all subjects, he said.

To lighten the mood or relieve stress, Lau said he tells corny jokes that often elicit groans from his kids. He occasionally breaks out in song and dance or acts out scenes from their favorite movie, Star Wars, to try to make them laugh.

Chen, 50, a part-time Christian minister who is studying theology, said he tries to set the example for his two sons.

He regularly checks out library books and videos to learn new skills such as plumbing and drywall installation.

The most important thing will be to glorify God, said Chen, who was born in Taiwan and came to the United States in 1991 to pursue a doctorate in molecular medicine at Emory University in Atlanta.

After graduating, he secured a faculty position at the University of Chicago doing research and teaching statistical genetics and advanced molecular neuroscience.

He said he gave up that career when God called him to become a minister.

The one thing I want to teach my kids is its never too late or youre never too old to learn, said Chen, whose other son, Samuel, is 12.

Happy Randhawa has high expectations for his four kids. But he also knows when to let them have fun.

Aisha unwinds from her homework and daily spelling bee preparation by playing basketball and golf with her dad.

I feel like he puts in so much effort to help me, Aisha said. Im so grateful for all the time he puts in every evening. He makes sure Im doing OK and if I ever need anything. I love him so much.

Randhawa tells a story about his late father.

Ajit Randhawa came to the United States from India in 1969 and worked as a microbiology researcher at Loma Linda University. He later opened veterinary clinics in Beaumont and Hemet.

The father liked to garden in his spare time and asked his kids to help. When his son complained about tilling the soil, Ajit Randhawa would give him a choice.

He would say, Is it easier to study or is it easier to dig this dirt up? Randhawa recalls his dad telling him. When I said, its easier to study, he said, Good. Then go do that.

Many years later, Randhawa is passing on the same lessons to his daughters Aisha and Lara, 8, and his 6-year-old twin boys, Avi and Arav.

After becoming a doctor, Randhawa furthered his studies and wanted to become a researcher specializing in diabetes and growth-related disorders in children.

But he abandoned that dream and decided to work in a pediatric practice so he could spend time raising Aisha with his wife, Sundeep, who is also a doctor.

When you get home from work, your job is not over, he said. You have a second job. And that is to sit down with your children and see what theyre doing with their schooling.

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Father's Day: These spelling bee helpers love being D-A-D-S - The Daily Breeze

The Singularity Is Near: Mind Uploading by 2045?

Some futurists predict humans will be able to upload their consciousness to computers in the near future.

NEW YORK By 2045, humans will achieve digital immortality by uploading their minds to computers or at least that's what some futurists believe. This notion formed the basis for the Global Future 2045 International Congress, a futuristic conference held here June 15-16.

The conference, which is the brainchild of Russian multimillionaire Dmitry Itskov, fell somewhere between hardcore science and science fiction. It featured a diverse cast of speakers, from scientific luminaries like Ray Kurzweil, Peter Diamandis and Marvin Minsky, to Swamis and other spiritual leaders.

In the year 2045

Kurzweil an inventor, futurist and now director of engineering at Google predicts that by 2045, technology will have surpassed human brainpower to create a kind of superintelligence an event known as the singularity. Other scientists have said that robots will overtake humans by 2100. [Super-Intelligent Machines: 7 Robotic Futures]

According to Moore's law, computing power doubles approximately every two years. Several technologies are undergoing similar exponential advances, from genetic sequencing to 3D printing, Kurzweil told conference attendees. He illustrated the point with a series of graphs showing the inexorable upward climb of various technologies.

By 2045, "based on conservative estimates of the amount of computation you need to functionally simulate a human brain, we'll be able to expand the scope of our intelligence a billion-fold," Kurzweil said.

Itskov and other so-called "transhumanists" interpret this impending singularity as digital immortality. Specifically, they believe that in a few decades, humans will be able to upload their minds to a computer, transcending the need for a biological body. The idea sounds like sci-fi, and it is at least for now. The reality, however, is that neural engineering is making significant strides toward modeling the brain and developing technologies to restore or replace some of its biological functions.

Brain prostheses

Substantial achievements have been made in the field of brain-computer interfaces, or BCIs (also called brain-machine interfaces). The cochlear implant in which the brain's cochlear nerve is electronically stimulated to restore a sense of sound to someone who is hard of hearing was the first true BCI. Many groups are now developing BCIs to restore motor skills, following damage to the nervous system from a stroke or spinal cord injury.

Jos Carmena and Michel Maharbiz, electrical engineers at the University of California, Berkeley, are working to develop state-of-the-art motor BCIs. These devices consist of pill-size electrode arrays that record neural signals from the brain's motor areas, which are then decoded by a computer and used to control a computer cursor or prosthetic limb (such as a robotic arm). Carmena and Maharbiz spoke of the challenge of making a BCI that works stably over time and does not require being tethered to wires.

Theodore Berger, a neural engineer at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, is taking BCIs to a new level by developing a memory prosthesis. Berger aims to replace part of the brain's hippocampus, the region that converts short-term memories into long-term ones, with a BCI. The device records the electrical activity that encodes a simple short-term memory (such as pushing a button) and converts it to a digital signal. That signal is passed into a computer where it is mathematically transformed and then fed back into the brain, where it gets sealed in as a long-term memory. He has successfully tested the device in rats and monkeys, and is now working with human patients. [Bionic Humans: Top 10 Technologies]

Mind uploading

The conference took a surreal turn when Martine Rothblatt a lawyer, author and entrepreneur, and CEO of biotech company United Therapeutics Corp. took the stage. Even the title of Rothblatt's talk was provocative: "The Purpose of Biotechnology is the End of Death."

Rothblatt introduced the concept of "mindclones" digital versions of humans that can live forever. She described how the mind clones are created from a "mindfile," a sort of online repository of our personalities, which she argued humans already have (in the form of Facebook, for example). This mindfile would be run on "mindware," a kind of software for consciousness. "The first company that develops mindware will have [as much success as] a thousand Googles," Rothblatt said.

But would such a mindclone be alive? Rothblatt thinks so. She cited one definition of life as a self-replicating code that maintains itself against disorder. Some critics have shunned what Rothblatt called "spooky Cartesian dualism," arguing that the mind must be embedded in biology. On the contrary, software and hardware are as good as wet ware, or biological materials, she argued.

Rothblatt went on to discuss the implications of creating mindclones. Continuity of the self is one issue, because your persona would no longer inhabit just a biological body. Then, there are mind-clone civil rights, which would be the "cause clbre" for the 21st century, Rothblatt said. Even mindclone procreation and reanimation after death were mentioned.

The quantum world

In parallel with the talk of brain technologies and mind-uploading, much was said about the nature of consciousness in the universe. Physicist Roger Penrose of the University of Oxford and others disagree with the interpretation of the brain as a mere computer. Penrose argued that consciousness is a quantum mechanical phenomenon arising from the fabric of the universe. Those of the "Penrose school" think uploading the brain would have to involve quantum computers a development unlikely to happen by 2045.

But Itskov thinks otherwise. The 32-year-old president of the Global Future 2045 Congress is dead set on living forever.

Editor's Note: This article was updated on June 19, 2013, to correct the dates of the Global Future 2045 International Congress (it was held June 15-16, not June 14-15, as previously stated.)

Follow Tanya Lewis on Twitterand Google+.Follow us @livescience, Facebook& Google+. Original article onLive Science .

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The Singularity Is Near: Mind Uploading by 2045?

The Four Immortality Stories We Tell Ourselves – Big Think (blog)

Since the moment humans became aware of their existence, they have been haunted by the knowledge that it will inevitably come to an end and the hope to change this unfortunate fate.

This month, during Brain Bar Budapest Europes leading conference on the future Stephen Cave talked about the four immortality stories we tell ourselves and how they are changing in the context of new scientific discoveries and technological advancements. Stephen Cave spent a decadestudying and teaching philosophy, and was awarded his PhD in metaphysics from the University of Cambridge in 2001. He isExecutive Director of theLeverhulme Centre for the Future of Intelligenceand Senior Research Associate at the University of Cambridge.

Stephen Cave / Credit: Speakerpedia

Thinking about our own mortality has significant effects on the mind. Studies show that when people are reminded that they are going to die, those who are religious become more religious, those who are patriotic, become more patriotic whatever makes up the core of their worldview, they defend it more aggressively. They are also more likely to believe any kind of story that tells them they may live forever.

We need to tell ourselves stories that deny the reality of death so that we can manage the paralyzing fear of death. In social psychology this is called terror management theory (TMT) where humans embrace stories, cultural values, and symbolic systems to alleviate the fear of death. Stephen Cave points out that civilization as a whole can be viewed as a collection of life-extension technologies, the motivation for its existence being again immortality.

In the age of unprecedented technological advancements, stories about how new scientific discoveries will extend our lives abound in our cultural narrative. As new as these may seem they are nothing but upgrades of four basic narratives weve been telling ourselves for.

Immortality Story I: The Elixir Story

Almost every culture has some version of the story of the elixir of life or the fountain of youth. It is the most basic form of immortality story - avoiding death physically by staying young and healthy day after day and somehow managing to keep it up forever. To some extent civilization has helped us do that - our ancestors had a life expectancy of 30-40 years, while ours has doubled. This longevity revolution is one of the most important ones in human history and thanks to science and technology perhaps we are on the verge of even another doubling of life expectancy.

To sober us, Cave reminds us that the ancient Egyptians believed exactly the same thing 4000 years ago, and the ancient Chinese believed it 2000 years ago seeing their civilizations as incredibly advanced and believing beating death must be just around the corner. Cave urges us to be skeptical about these stories. Perhaps in our lifetime we will live till 120 or even 150 an unprecedented technological marvel - but that is still far from eternity.

Physicist Geoffrey West explains why we don't live for more than 100 years:

Immortality Story II: The Resurrection Story

If we are not able to extend our lives indefinitely, there is the hope that even if we die, we could rise again and live again. We see a symbolic resurrection in nature every year with the changing of the seasons as well as a literal one in Christianity. But even if you dont believe that an omnipotent god could resurrect you, you can believe that omnipotent scientists and doctors could do the same in the future. As of May 2017, The Alcor Life Extension Foundation, for example, has 151 patients in cryopreservation whole bodies or brains preserved in liquid nitrogen, awaiting a moment in the future when they could be brought back to life.

Here, Cave reminds us of Mary Shellys Frankenstein the creature that rises from the dead but has no identity. The resurrection story has a deep philosophical flaw if a person seizes to exist and is rebuilt again, it is impossible to know if we are bringing the same person to life or we are creating a copy.

By Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (Google books) [Public domain] / Credit: Wikimedia Commons

To save us from this philosophical flaw comesthe story of the immaterial essence that lives on even after we die the soul.

Immortality Story III: The Story of the Soul

If we embrace the idea of the soul, we can give up on the body altogether because our true essence becomes not a physical organism but an immaterial thing. Many thinkers from Plato to the Hindus have argued that the body is an obstacle to immortality and the main goal in life is to become pure spirit.

This story too is being reinvented by our technological age with the idea of mind uploading and scientific fields like Whole brain emulation (WBE). Organizations like Carboncopieshope to create accurate computational models of neural tissue at the scale of complete brains, as well as develop neuromorphic hardware to run simulations of these models.

According to Cave, as science progresses the idea of a separate immaterial soul is becoming less and less plausible, as we learn that the real "you" is dependent on your particular brain. As bits of the brains are destroyed, bits of the personality are destroyed as well. And it is not just the brain itself that makes up who you are but also the millions of chemical reactions that happen in the body to produce sensations and emotions.

Unable to save the body or the soul, we are left with the last immortality story, which says that the real you is a bundle of things, and as you die the bundle scatters but its elements can live on.

Immortality Story IV: The Legacy Story

Here Cave reminds us of the story of Achilles who was given the choice to go home and live a long and happy life or stay in Troy, fight and die but be remembered forever asthe greatest hero of all times. Many people have been inspired by the pursuit of immortality through fame and cultural legacy. Nowadays, technology gives everyone the means to instant fame, enables us to build our own statues through tweets and instagrams, and allows us to capture and preserve every moment of our life.

But many consider this route to immortality far too indirect. Cave quotes Woody Allen who famously said:

I don't want to live on in the hearts of my countrymen, I want to live on in my apartment.

==

Having run out of stories to keep us alive forever, in the end of his talk, Cave urges us to embrace a fifth narrative. He explains that the fear of death is based on a misconception, and while it is natural, it is not rational. He reminds us of the words of the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein:

Death is not an event in life: we do not live to experience death. If we take eternity to mean not infinite temporal duration but timelessness, then eternal life belongs to those who live in the present. Our life has no end in just the way in which our visual field has no limits.

The fifth narrative is to look at life as if it was a book. Just like a book is bounded by its covers, our life is bounded by birth and death. However, even though a book is limited by a beginning and end, the characters in it know no horizons.

You can only know what happens inside the covers these are the moments of your life. It makes no sense for you to fear what is outside of these covers before your birth or after your death. In fact, if you think how unlikely it is that the book of your life should have ever come to be written all of the coincidences from the beginning of life that brought you here - the proper attitude is not fear that it might come to an end but gratitude that it should have been written at all. So there is no room to complain how short life is - the only thing that matters is that you try to make it a good story.

Bill Nye's has similar thoughts on immortality:

More here:

The Four Immortality Stories We Tell Ourselves - Big Think (blog)

3 Tips to creating a winning bid on a project – Techworm

Many companies and organizations require a bidding process in order for them to be able to select the most cost efficient and best design from more than one bidder. Bidders create professional presentations for these companies that showcase not only their products but also what the company stands for and the process in which the work will be done. The bidding process can be stressful, time-consuming, and highly competitive. In todays economy, it is likely that there are many businesses vying for any given project. This article will provide some tips on creating a winning bid so that you and your team land the next project.

While these are a few of the most common tips to creating a winning bid on a project, there are several other things that you should keep in mind. Be sure that you are competitive in your pricing. While you do not want to give away your business with a low price, you do not want to price yourself out of the running either. Another thing to remember is that you should not oversell yourself. Provide your information and allow the potential client to get back to you. Follow up after a few days to a week but do not call daily and pester. Lastly, before submitting your bid or any correspondence with a potential client, be sure to proofread!

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3 Tips to creating a winning bid on a project - Techworm

Martin Wolfe, doctor specializing in tropical and travel medicine, dies at 82 – Bangor Daily News

Martin S. Wolfe, a tropical disease specialist who founded one of the countrys first medical practices devoted to ailments incurred in travel and who, in the 1970s, accompanied Henry Kissinger as his personal physician, died June 15 at his home on Block Island, Rhode Island. He was 82.

The cause was a failure of his artificial heart pump, said his son, David Wolfe.

Wolfe developed an interest in tropical diseases as a medical student and, early in his career, spent five years doing field research in Ghana and Pakistan.

As a staff medical officer for the State Department, he traveled the world with then-Secretary of State Kissinger. He also served as a tropical medicine expert for the World Bank.

In 1980, Wolfe opened Travelers Medical Service, believed to be the first medical office of its kind in Washington. He also had an affiliated parasitology laboratory and a private practice.

Wolfe advised people making overseas trips about potential health risks and administered immunizations. If travelers returned with mysterious ailments, he often had to become a medical detective.

He determined a diagnosis by retracing a patients journeys to pinpoint where exposure to various maladies might have occurred. Wolfe often consulted with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention about infectious diseases found in other parts of the world but rarely seen in the United States, such as malaria, cholera and yellow fever.

He wrote more than 100 academic papers and textbook chapters about tropical medicine and travel medicine, which has become a recognized medical specialty.

Through his research and his work with diplomats and other international travelers, Wolfe became an authority on such exotic conditions as giardiasis and schistosomiasis, both of which are caused by parasites. The ailments, often linked to exposure to contaminated water, can lead to severe physical problems if left untreated.

Perhaps the most commonplace complaint of travelers returning to the United States with diarrhea. Wolfe recommended that people travel with a supply of Pepto Bismol or Imodium.

The question we always ask in tropical medicine, he told The Washington Post in 2008, is where have you been and what have you been doing?

Martin Samuel Wolfe was born April 9, 1935, in Scranton, Pennsylvania. His father was a tavern owner.

He was an Eagle Scout and captain of his high school basketball team before entering Cornell University, where he received a bachelors degree in 1957 and a medical degree in 1961.

One of his medical school professors encouraged his interest in tropical medicine, and Wolfe did research in Ghana from 1962 to 1964. After a residency in New York, he trained at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Wolfe conducted additional medical research in Pakistan from 1967 to 1970, when he joined the State Department.

He taught courses in tropical medicine and parasitology the Georgetown and George Washington University medical schools and was a consultant for many years to the State Department, Peace Corps and World Bank.

Wolfe was a member of the International Society of Travel Medicine and the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, which presented him with its top award. He was a member of the Cosmos Club and Adas Israel Congregation.

Wolfe retired in 2015. The Travelers Medical Service in Washington is now operated by his son, a physician; its New York branch is run by a daughter, a registered nurse and public health specialist.

Survivors include his wife of 55 years, Lotte Brunes Wolfe of Washington; three children, Rebecca Wolfe Acosta of New York City, David Wolfe of Bethesda, Maryland, and Miriam Strouse of McLean, Virginia; a sister; and seven grandchildren.

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Martin Wolfe, doctor specializing in tropical and travel medicine, dies at 82 - Bangor Daily News