A Timeline of the NRAs Scare Tactics During National Emergencies – The Trace

Over the weekend, the National Rifle Association released a new video using the coronavirus pandemic to argue that guns are essential to protecting Americans from the threat of public disorder.

In the four-minute-long clip, Carletta Whiting, a disabled woman of color, wields an assault-style weapon and tells viewers, You might be stockpiling up on food to get through this current crisis, but if you arent preparing to defend yourself when everything goes wrong, youre really just stockpiling for somebody else. The video is interspersed with old clips of looting and social unrest. It goes on to warn that localities are using emergency decrees as a cover to seize guns during the current pandemic, citing recent moves by government officials in Champaign, Illinois, and New Orleans. (Both cities say they have no plans to use emergency powers to curtail sales or collect weapons.)

While todays circumstances are unique, fear-driven messaging has been a central part of the NRAs strategy for a long time:

2001: The NRA says 9/11 means civilians should arm themselves against terrorists

The coordinated airplane attacks made Americans acutely anxious about domestic terrorism and in its aftermath, the NRA stoked fears of being vulnerable in the face of unseen danger. People are unsettled in this country, Wayne LaPierre, the groups CEO, said two months later. They hear warnings of other threats that could come at anytime from anywhere. And they dont know if they might be on their own for a while if there is another attack. NRA spokesperson Andrew Arulanandam later told ABC News: Its a natural feeling that after 9/11, people want to be proactive and take necessary actions to protect themselves and their loved ones in these uncertain times.

2005: The NRA uses Hurricane Katrina to inflame fears of gun confiscation

During the days after the 2005 storm, New Orleanss police superintendent decreed that only law enforcement are allowed to have weapons on the citys ravaged, anarchic streets and officers were seen disarming some residents before they were evacuated. But a later review found that the New Orleans Police had taken only 552 guns into custody a number that contrasts with the widespread, door-to-door confiscation that the NRA has claimed.Speaking to NPR at the time, LaPierre said: I mean, the truth is never again can some politician look you in the eye and say with a straight face, You dont need a firearm because the government is going to be there to protect you. All you have to say is, Remember New Orleans.'

2012: The NRA seizes on another devastating storm to push guns to defend personal property

When Superstorm Sandy wreaked destruction on New York City, where gun laws are restrictive, LaPierre mischaracterized the aftermath in an op-ed by exaggerating incidents of theft. We saw the hellish world that the gun prohibitionists see as their utopia, he said. Looters ran wild in south Brooklyn Its not paranoia to buy a gun. Its survival.

2017: The NRA turns political divisions into a call to arms

Following Trumps inauguration, the NRA used speeches and its now defunct streaming channel to disseminate chaotic video clips thatportrayed liberal activists as a violent force that posed a threat to gun-owning Americans. The NRAs campaign included then-spokeswoman Dana Loeschs infamous Clenched Fist of Truth ad, which demonized the Womens March, among other targets.

2017: Another hurricane, and more ominous warnings of social chaos from the NRA

After Hurricane Harvey hit the Texan Gulf Coast in 2017, NRATV host Grant Stinchfield conjured the nightmarish consequences that would result from the next disaster: When emergency personnel are pulled in every direction, do you have access to protection? The thugs and thieves know that your vulnerability can be exploited.

Later, the NRA backed a Texas law, enacted in 2019, that allows residents to carry handguns openly or concealed without a permit for a full week after a natural disaster is declared.

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A Timeline of the NRAs Scare Tactics During National Emergencies - The Trace

With humor, range and a colorful cast of characters, you wont be able to put down Deacon King Kong – Seattle Times

The first Saturday of every month, crates of cheese mysteriously appear in the boiler room of the Cause, a housing project in South Brooklyn that, by the end of the 1960s, had transitioned from being an Italian neighborhood to being predominantly Black and brown.

No one in James McBrides new novel, Deacon King Kong, knows where the cheese comes from not even Hot Sausage, whos entrusted with distributing the cheese among the residents. It could be the housing authority, the mob or a benevolent cheesemonger, but no one presses too hard because its good cheese. Im talking fresh, rich, heavenly, succulent, soft, creamy, kiss-my-ass, cows-gotta-die-for-this, delightfully salty, moo-ass, good old white folks cheese. At the front of the dairy-reception line are all the heavy hitters of news, views, and gossip, who, in light of a recent shooting, have plenty to talk about.

This snapshot captures several elements at play in McBrides novel: a mouthful of hot gossip, black-market dues, colorful nicknames and a changing New York City neighborhood that renews pressure on who can and cannot be trusted.

Set in 1969, this rollicking historical novel features a motley cast of characters plucked from the neighborhood, including hard-core souls of Five Ends Baptist, blissful drunks (Hot Sausage and Sportcoat), an enamored police officer (Potts), a gangster ready to retire (the Elephant) and new drug dealers with something to prove (Bunch and Deems).

Our protagonist, Sportcoat, is a walking genius, a human disaster, a sod, a medical miracle, and the greatest baseball umpire. The archetypal amiable, gin-soaked fool kicks off the opening chapter by shooting Deems, a talented baseball pitcher who left the diamond for the flagpole, where he slings drugs. What follows is a lackadaisical manhunt for Sportcoat, revenge gone wrong and a riddled treasure hunt for a soap-like artifact. This intricate, expansive, meandering plot reads like a detective thriller and ends with satisfying, borderline-corny resolutions in the form of restored love and a moonflower funeral, almost like a rom-com.

If Five Ends Baptist Church is the heart of the Cause Houses, then high grade gossip is its lifeblood. In the Cause, everybody knows everybody and everybody makes everybodys business their business. Public spats, the best kind, are frequent throughout the novel. Written with the dramatic flair and petty delight of a WWE commentator, these squabbles are usually limited to verbal insults lobbed back and forth (Youre so tight with money your ass squeaks when you walk) and occasionally devolve into physical skirmishes.

But even violence is rendered comedically as slapstick. Such is the case of an unlucky hitman sent to dispatch Sportcoat. In scenes reminiscent of Home Alone, the hitman is clocked out cold by a liquor bottle carelessly chucked over a shoulder and, shortly after, electrocuted unconscious by a malfunctioning generator.

This novel, like New York, is mouthy and abundant. The narrative perspective rotates through a select number of characters and, as it shifts, so too does the stylistic voice and register. In the strongest passages, McBride draws a gargantuan breath and goes off. Here, Sister Gee speaks of life in the projects:

You lived a life of disappointment and suffering, of too-hot summers and too-cold winters, surviving in apartments with crummy stoves that didnt work and windows that didnt open and toilets that didnt flush and lead paint that flecked off the walls and poisoned your children, living in awful, dreary apartments built to house Italians who came to America to work the docks, which had emptied of boats, ships, tankers, dreams, money, and opportunity the moment the colored and the Latinos arrived, she says. And still New York blamed you for all its problems.

While the novel leans toward comedy overall, it does not overlook the social and economic realities of race and poverty outlined above.

In a city where history is paved over and where the present landscape is defined by scaffolding bent toward an ever-developing future, this novel resists the usual nostalgia for a lost artists utopia. Instead, it animates a neighborhood scrimping by and revitalizes another nostalgic sore spot that of community.

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With humor, range and a colorful cast of characters, you wont be able to put down Deacon King Kong - Seattle Times

Everything you need to know about Animal Crossing: New Horizons – For The Win

If youve logged on to the internet in the last week or so, youve probably seen a lot of tweets about money hungry raccoons named Tom or animals crossing. or something.

Dont be alarmed. I assure you everything is OK. The social distancing hasnt gotten to peoples heads just yet. There are just a bunch of people on your Twitter timeline playing Nintendos Animal Crossing: New Horizons that released over the weekend for Switch.

Confused as to what that is? Dont worry, weve got you covered here. This is everything you need to know about Animal Crossing.

Animal Crossing is Nintendos tentpole social simulator franchise that launched in 2001. Think about it like youd think about the Sims except its much more chill and you can plant trees, fish and perform other work-related tasks for bells (cash).

Its latest title, Animal Crossing: New Horizons,is a Nintendo Switch exclusive and the franchises first installment since 2012 whenAnimal Crossing: New Leafdropped for the Nintendo 3DS great game, btw.

So, in this game youre transported to a deserted island owned by Nook Incorporated (more on that later) and your overall goal, ultimately, is to turn it into a utopia.

On day one youre given a tent and sent on missions to set the other islanders up. Eventually, you start to fish, collect fossils, and perform other tasks to make the island a habitable space.

Youre not. At the jump you get to create your own human and then youre off on your deserted island experience with your new raccoon buddies, Timmy and Tommy. Wild, I know.

So you live on this island with a bunch of animals that have human-like traits. They walk, talk and interact with you as if they were people just with animal heads.

More and more animals visit the island as the game progresses and its your job to build it up and convince them that its a nice place to live.

DONT TRUST EM.

Nook Inc. is a family-owned business run by Tom Nook (the dad raccoon) and his two kids Timmy and Tommy. Once you get to the island, Tom hooks you up with a tent that you eventually pay off.

After that they hook you up with a loan of a whopping 98,000 bells (the islands currency) to buy a house from Nook. You are eventually able to upgrade your house for another 198,000 bells from Nook. And thats kind of how the game goes.

Youre basically Nooks island servantbut you still have a ton of fun fishing and farming and junk so its all good!

Absolutely! Its exactly the kind of calming fun that youre looking for right now while youre social distancing. Theres online multiplayer, so if you can get it and convince your friends to get it youre all set.

If you have a Nintendo Switch, you can get it for $59.99 from the Nintendo store right now. If can swing it, its a good time.

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Everything you need to know about Animal Crossing: New Horizons - For The Win

The Blade Runner sounds and 3D animation of a Japanese utopia brought to life – Digital Arts Online

The story behind Toyota's Woven City simulation.

While this year'sTokyoOlympics may be in doubt due to recent events, another ambitious example of Japanese creativity looks set to break ground as planned towards the end of 2021.

Unveiled at CES earlier this year, Woven City is Toyota's 175-acre, hydrogen-powered metropolis due to be built at the base of the stunning Mt. Fuji.

The Smart city'sreveal came with a sumptuous 3D animation courtesy of creative studio Squint/Opera, as based on the designs of Dutch architecture firm BIG.

"Squint worked closely with both BIG and Toyota to help translate their vision for the city into a series of immersive films and content for its announcement at CES," says Ollie Alsop, co-founder and creative director at Squint/Opera.

"Bjarke Ingles of BIG wanted to be able to unveil the city in a way that hadnt been seen before - to walk the audience through his designs, and so this is where Squint started. We blended digital animation with traditional presentation techniques to create a more immersive way for viewers to experience an architectural vision.

"The result was a choreographed presentation that unfolded and moved in front of the audience as if they were being shown through the city with Bjarke as the tour guide.

"We also created a version of the film for Toyotas CES booth. This was played on a 360 screen and allowed people to experience the city all around them - it was a fully immersive experience complete with soundscapes and 9000px wide screens."

The unique curves of Woven City's grid all come from BIG's vision for the project once completed, a 'bendiness' based on efficient turning radius for automated vehicles. Cyclists will also be catered with dedicatedbike lanes curving through the grass and trees of Mount Fuji. Drones meanwhile fly above homes with roofs as slanted as the side of Fuji, each abode alive in the animation withsmart bots and stunning views of the mountain.

A techy, bucolic utopia, then, but one soundtracked by halcyon music reminscent of the dystopic masterpieces Blade Runner and Blade Runner 2049.

"Coda to Codacreated a sound world for both the film and the accompanying 360 cinema-graphs," explains Ollie. "Their focus was to use both music and sound design to describe the sense of possibility the Woven Citys technologies might engender by exploring the synergy between recognisably synthesised sounds and human gestures or instrumental inflections, blurring one with the other to create an evocative hybrid.

"When looking at dystopian imagery of high-tech futures its often sleek, cold and has an absence of nature," points out Jan Bunge, partner at Squint/Opera. "But, this isnt the vision for the Woven City, so we made an effort to communicate that.

"Itll be high tech, of course, but also comfortable, liveable and sustainable - Fuji and the surrounding nature will all play a part.The whole concept of the Woven City is based on sustainability and moving towards a hydrogen-power society that can be self-sufficient with our systems.

"The natural elements we visualised will have many functions within this city, including biodiversity and productive functions, like the ability to produce food and power. But they also show that its not either-or, its not about technology versus nature, its about both working well together."

"While this kind of future-gazing is fun, it doesnt really communicate what new tech or innovation will actually be like," Ollie agrees. "Those kinds of depictions make the future feel removed and far away from our own reality - and often what were communicating will happen in the not-too-distant future.

"So we choose to blend the technology into a world that feels current and plausible for the viewer."

Related: Tokyo 2020 Olympics Art Posters from20th Century Boys andJoJo's Bizarre Adventure creatorsunveiled

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The Blade Runner sounds and 3D animation of a Japanese utopia brought to life - Digital Arts Online

Bickley: Finding the silver linings in a sports world without sports – Arizona Sports

Photos: Associated Press

Welcome to the Silver Linings Playbook, where even a pandemic has its bright spots:

1. The Tokyo Olympics have been postponed, which means Ricky Rubio wont be adding unnecessary mileage this summer in pursuit of Spanish glory. This will certainly benefit the Suns in the short term, whenever next season begins.

2. An extended season in Major League Baseball would necessitate postseason games played at neutral sites in warm-weather cities. Arizona has a domed stadium with massive seating capacity. We have a long resume of successfully hosting huge sporting events. In this scenario, we are odds-on favorites to stage our first World Series since the Diamondbacks ascended from the rubble of 9-11.

3. We have a handful of beautiful, intimate, boutique Cactus League venues that would be great options for other neutral site playoff games.

4. Steve Keim will be remembered as the general manager who pulled off one of the most lopsided trades in history during a global crisis. He provided content for the nation and much-needed bliss in Arizona, where we emerged as the happiest sports town on Earth for a few days.

5. Innovation and progressivism fuels the NBA, where a disrupted season could mean a permanent change on the calendar. The NBA could launch future seasons on Black Friday, right after Thanksgiving. They could raise the curtain on Christmas Day. Future champions could be crowned in the heat of summer, where the market is wide open for riveting sports content.

6. The NBA is thinking outside the box, and thats always good for the sport. They might play a percentage of games without fans in the stands. Imagine what that would sound like. They could even stage a 1-on-1 tournament with individual stars posting victories for their respective teams. Devin Booker vs. Damian Lillard? LeBron vs. Giannis? Sign me up.

7. If the current NBA season is cancelled, the Suns will not be forfeiting their first playoff berth in 10 years.

8. The Coyotes will have a convenient excuse for missing the playoffs, overshadowing their late-season collapse. And with all these financial losses, maybe NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman declines to fine the Coyotes for recruiting violations, which prompts the new owner to retain Taylor Hall.

9. The Houston Astros mightve received the greatest sporting reprieve in history.

10. The signing of Tom Brady has made Bruce Arians relevant once again, which is great news for the NFL.

11. The world of sports needs less information. NFL executives need to break the chains of routine and habit. If the 2020 NFL draft proceeds as planned, 32 general managers will have less data and less comfort zone than ever before. And that might be the best thing that ever happened to their collective batting average.

12. Billionaire owners wont swoon over their favorite draft candidates during in-person interviews that normally precede the NFL drafty. They meddle less, not looking to sway opinion of their GMs.

13. The NFL excels at creating great television. Its what they do. They will find a way to make the 2020 NFL draft the best in history, given the circumstances.

14. When their doors are unlocked, we will truly appreciate lifting weights, the sight of open treadmills and the unexpected entertainment that comes with going to the gym.

15. Judging by the weekend crowds in Arizona, thousands are discovering a new love for hiking and the great outdoors.

16. NASCAR attempted to fill the void with a virtual race featuring real drivers at the helm of a video game. Maybe next time theyll allow their stars to race for real, while practicing social distancing, without any other personnel on the track. Where they have to change their own tires and pump their own gas.

17. After all the missed opportunities, aging athletes will make one last push for championship rings and trophies. There will be a heightened sense of urgency, from Tom Brady to LeBron James to Roger Federer. Their energy will be palpable.

18. The rising vitriol between fans and athletes will get a much-needed infusion of perspective. Grateful fans will troll less and admire more often. Athletes will look forward to signing autographs, aware that we really are in this together.

19. Cancelling the NCAA Tournament closed the book on the worst college basketball season in my lifetime. The sport has never seemed so puny or pointless. Lets hope this setback produces real change and a real leader who can resuscitate the entire industry.

20. We will cross the bridge from dystopia to utopia as soon as this pandemic relents. The Masters could be scheduled with fall colors at Augusta National. We could have weeknights full of baseball, playoff basketball and NHL playoffs. We could have weekends full of professional and college football, along with major tournaments in niche sports, from Paris to Kentucky.

It could be the greatest time of our lives. We will be happier than weve been in over a decade, since we crawled out of the Great Recession. We will appreciate sports, athletes, sold-out crowds and normalcy than ever before. Even the $12 beers.

Reach Bickley at dbickley@bonneville.com. Listen to Bickley & Marotta weekdays from 10 a.m. 2 p.m. on Arizona Sports 98.7 FM.

Reach Bickley at dbickley@arizonasports.com. Listen to Bickley & Marotta weekdays from 10 a.m. 2 p.m. on 98.7 FM Arizonas Sports Station.

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Bickley: Finding the silver linings in a sports world without sports - Arizona Sports

Books in Which No Bad Things Happen – tor.com

A friend was asking the other day for books in which no bad things happen, because with politics, pandemics, and polar vortices, sometimes you want your reading to be all upbeat. But yet, there arent many books where nothingbad happens. Myself, when I want comfort reading, Ill settle for everything all right at the end which leaves me a much wider field. Nothing bad at all is really hard. I mean, you have to have plot, which means conflict, or at least things happening, and once you have obstacles to defeat theres almost certain to be something bad.

Keep reading, because I do actually think of some.

Childrens books, suggests one friend.

Ha ha, no. Apart from the fact that some of the scariest things Ive ever read have been childrens booksCatherine StorrsMarianne Dreams and William SleatorsInterstellar Pig for exampleI realised some time ago that I am never going to be able to read Louise Fitzhughs Harriet the Spy without crying. I mean I am never going to be grown up enough to get over it, there is no mature state in which I am still me where I will be able to read Ole Gollys letter without bawling. Gary Schmidt, a childrens writer I discovered recently, is absolutely wonderful, but terrible, terrible things happen in his books, and its not even reliably all right at the end. Hes the person who made me think you have to earn your unhappy endings just as much as your happy ones. And William Alexanderagain, terrific writer, terrible things happen.

There are some childrens books that almost qualify. One of my comfort reads is Arthur Ransome. He wrote a long series of books about kids messing about in sailboats on lakes in England in the 1930s, and nothing actually bad happensexcept theres a fog on the hills once, and theres the time when the boat sinks in Swallowdale and John is so humiliated, and there is the scary bit where they get swept out to sea in We Didnt Mean To Go To Sea. (And its the 1930s, so their father in the Navy is going to be in WWII, and every adult in the books is complicit in appeasement and there are terrible things happening in Germany already) But just on the surface, thinking about that little sailboat sinking, it makesme think you have to have bad things to overcome or you have no story.

So how about picture books for tiny kids?

Nope. In Martin Waddell and Barbara Firths Cant You Sleep, Little Bear?the Little Bear cant go to sleep and the Big Bear consequently cant settle down and read his book, and all this is because Little Bear is afraid of the dark. Being scared of the dark is a bad thing, even if it gets happily fixed by the end of the story. In Penny DalesThe Elephant Tree the elephant gets sadder and sadder on his quest to find his tree, until the children make a tree for him and make him happy. Dont even think about Dr. Seuss and the terrible anxiety of having your house turned upside down by the Cat in the Hat or being forced to eat icky things by Sam-I-Am. (I dont believe he actually liked them. I used to lie like that all the time when forced to eat things as a kid.) Then theres Raymond Briggs The Snowman, which confronts you with mortality and the death of friends, thank you very much no. When I think of the picture books that are actually fun to read, they all have conflict and bad things. They certainly come into my category of all OK in the end, but they definitely have bad things.

Incidentally, apart from the fact theyd be very boring stories, I think kids need those bad things to learn from, and sometimes those awful moments are the most vivid and memorabletheres a moment in Susan CoopersThe Grey King which will be with me always, and its a bad moment.

But there are some stories that qualify, I think.

Romance. Pretty much all genre romance is everything is OK at the end but bad things happen in the meantime. But some Georgette Heyer has plots that work because bad things seem about to happen and are avertedthis is different from everything being all right in the end, the bad things never occur, they are no more than threats that pass over safely. Cotillion does this. Two people are separately rescued by the heroine from iffy situations that could potentially become terrible, but they dont. I think this counts. (Its funny too.) That makes me think of Jane AustensNorthanger Abbey in which the worst thing that happens is somebody exaggerates and somebody else has to go home alone on a stagecoachthats really notvery bad. Right up there with the bear who cant go to sleep.

Then theres Good King Wenceslas. Somebody notices an injustice and sets out to redress it and succeeds. (OK, the page gets cold, but that also gets instantly fixed.) Zenna Hendersons Love Every Third Stir is a version of this, though what the story is about is discovering the magic. Im sure there are also old clunky SF versions of this. I want to say ClarkesFountains of Paradise. But I think there are others: person invents thing, everything is solved. Mostly more sophisticated versions of this are it creates new problems.

Utopiasomebody visits utopia and it really is. So Mores Utopia and Bacon, and CallenbachsEcotopia and other early naive utopias of this nature. Which makes me think about Kim Stanley Robinsons Pacific Edgebut the way that book works without being naive is to have the actual story be sadthe softball team loses, the boy doesnt get the girl, the old man dies in a storm. The worst thing that happens is gentle regret, but thats bad too. But check out older utopias.

And now, my one actual real solid in-genre example of a book where nothing bad happens!

Phyllis Ann KarrsAt Amberleaf Fair is about a far future where people have evolved to be nicer, and theres a fair, and a woodcarver who can make toys come to life, and there is sex and love and nothing bad happens and everything is all right. Its gentle and delightful and I genuinely really like this odd sweet little book, and unless Im forgetting something I dont think anything bad happens at all.

If you have any suggestions please add them in commentstheres at least one person actively looking for them.

Jo Walton is a science fiction and fantasy writer. Shes published two collections of Tor.com pieces, three poetry collections, a short story collection and thirteen novels, including the Hugo- and Nebula-winningAmong Others.Her fourteenth novel, Lent, was published by Tor in May 2019. She reads a lot, and blogs about it here irregularly. She comes from Wales but lives in Montreal. She plans to live to be 99 and write a book every year.

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Books in Which No Bad Things Happen - tor.com

Country music is coming to life in Chippenham – The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald

CHIPPENHAM is often seen as being more famous for its Folk Festival and its thriving live music scene of rock and pop, says musician Reuben Reynolds.

But things are changing with the growing popularity of American New Country, and Americana music.

There are new UK-based country music radio stations, and music festivals and there is currently a boom in homegrown country talent in the UK as well.

March sees two country music releases from artists based in the Chippenham area. Firstly Stuart Rolfe, who has been making a living in the music industry, as a session and touring musician, with the likes of Tim McGraw and Mark Knopfler.

Stuart has just released his debut single, a cover of the Tim McGraw song Real Good Man, with his band Stuart Rolfe and Daylight Stealers. I got my break two years ago working with Tim McGraw and we had a discussion about this song and he let me record it my way for release, Said Stuart.

Ive let go of the life of a session musician in favour of the freedom that working for myself gives me. Im hopeful to be releasing my new EP later in the year, with an album to follow next year.

The second release is from The Atlantic Project, which was primarily recorded at Utopia Studios in Chippenham.

Reuben said: The composition Living a Lie is written by myself and Richard Benham and features Richard on guitars, with the added Nashville sparkle of Seth Morgan on vocals, from the USA.

Both are out now and can be found on Spotify, ITunes Amazon and YouTube. With the emergence of digital downloads and multiple streaming platforms, it is now easier for independent recording artists, to release music to the world, and to their potential fan base.

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Country music is coming to life in Chippenham - The Wiltshire Gazette and Herald

While we were stockpiling, here’s what astronauts were up to in space last week – CNN

While many of us are practicing social distancing, working from home or living in quarantine-like and isolated situations, life goes on as normal for the space station-dwelling astronauts.

They're aware of the pandemic and have been sharing their support for people across the globe through their Twitter accounts. NASA astronaut Jessica Meir shared her perspective: "From up here, it is easy to see that we are truly all in this together. #EarthStrong."

But the astronauts aren't just floating around and taking cool pictures of Earth. Each week, hundreds of science experiments are in progress on the station. In addition to working on these experiments, the astronauts study themselves to better understand the human body in space.

Here's a look at the cool science they've been doing 254 miles from Earth.

Space pants

Living in space is an adjustment for the human body as it adapts to the lack of gravity.

Over the years, astronauts have noticed changes in their vision as a response to the headward fluid shift they experience. This also increases pressure in the head.

Last week, NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Andrew Morgan, as well as Russian cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka, tested out the Russian Chibis hardware, also known as the Russian Space Agency's Lower Body Negative Pressure experiment.

It's basically a pair of pants housed in the Russian Orbital Segment of the space station.

The rubber pants use suction to draw fluids back down towards the legs and feet, just like we experience walking on Earth.

Researchers hope that hardware to reverse the fluid shift astronauts experience in space could also help with their vision changes.

While Morgan was wearing the Chibis pants, Meir used a tonometer to measure his eye pressure, with doctors on Earth watching in real time. Morgan's head and chest were also scanned to monitor blood flow.

The astronauts also tested their hearing as part of the European Space Agency's Acoustic Diagnostics experiment to monitor if the astronauts' hearing changes in response to noise and lack of gravity on the station.

Heart, muscle and bone

Multiple experiments are currently occurring on the station that could not only benefit the health of astronauts, but human life on Earth as well.

These cells could treat astronauts who experience heart abnormalities and be used to treat people and children with cardiac diseases and disorders on Earth. The cells can also be used to investigate the development of new pharmaceuticals.

One experiment, called Engineered Heart Tissues, allows the astronauts to watch heart cell muscle contractions in real time.

Meir and Morgan have been taking care of the heart cells, watching how they react to the lack of gravity. When the heart cells return to Earth, the results of the space experiment will be compared with a similar control experiment on Earth.

The astronauts have also been studying bone samples to understand and develop bone treatments for astronauts who suffer bone loss in space, as well as people diagnosed with osteoporosis on Earth. The goal is to determine new treatments for both.

Mice are also sharing space on the station with the astronauts in a mouse habitat so they can study how the mice and their gene expression reacts to zero gravity.

Understanding how their gene expression is altered can help NASA better prepare for long-term human spaceflight. The study also serves a secondary purpose of allowing them to determine countermeasures for muscle atrophy, which can occur in space or for patients on bed rest.

It's all in your gut

Astronauts don't get much of a chance to vary their diets in space. That means they could also be missing out on vital nutrients and other added benefits of the fresh food we consume on Earth.

The Japanese space agency's Probiotics investigation is studying how good gut bacteria could improve the human microbiome on long-term missions.

Meanwhile, the astronauts are also participating in an experiment called Food Acceptability, looking at the "menu fatigue" that happens when they eat based on limited options over months on the station. This usually causes them to lose weight by the time they return to Earth.

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While we were stockpiling, here's what astronauts were up to in space last week - CNN

Five MIT payloads deployed on the International Space Station – MIT News

Five research payloads from the MIT Media Labs Space Exploration Initiative were recently deployed on the International Space Station for a 30-day research mission. Scientists, designers, and artists will be able to study the effects of prolonged microgravity, on-station radiation, and launch loads on experiments ranging from self-assembling architecture to biological pigments. The payloads launched on the SpaceX CRS-20 via the Dragon cargo ship atop a Falcon 9 rocket on March 6.

This first launch to the ISS represents a key milestone in the schedule of iterative microgravity testing that the Space Exploration Initiative (SEI) undertakes throughout each year, following a successful Karman line launch with Blue Origin and a second parabolic research flight over the past 12 months.

Sending five concurrent payloads to the International Space Station this is a huge milestone for the team, and something weve been working towards explicitly for nearly a year, says Ariel Ekblaw, SEIs founder and lead.

The payloads were integrated into the Nanoracks BlackBox, a locker-sized platform with mechanical mounting points and electrical connections for power, data, and communication capabilities. Payloads are fully integrated into BlackBox on the ground; when they reach ISS, the astronauts aboard integrate them into ISS experiment racks, then simply leave them alone the boxes are completely self-contained and remotely commanded via Nanoracks from the ground. This system allows for larger and more complex research payloads on the ISS, as the astronauts arent required to come near any potentially hazardous materials and dont need any special expertise to run the experiments.

The capabilities of this platform allow for precisely the kind of cross-disciplinary research that is the hallmark of the Space Exploration Initiative. The five payloads currently on the ISS represent SEIs unique approach to research, prototyping, and design for humanitys future in space.

Sojourner 2020 is payload of artworks, the first-ever international open call art payload to the ISS, selected by SEIs arts curator Xin Liu. Sojourner 2020 features a three-layer telescoping structure. Each layer of the structure rotates independently; the top layer remains still in weightlessness, while the middle and bottom layers spin at different speeds to produce centripetal accelerations that mimic lunar gravity and Martian gravity, respectively. Nine artists contributed works in a variety of different media, including carved stone sculpture, liquid pigment experiments, and sculptures made of transgender hormone replacement meds. Sojourner 2020 highlights the ways in which the arts can contribute to new means of encountering space; by including projects from indigenous peoples and gender minorities, the project additionally emphasizes key values of human dignity, equality, and democratizing access.

Space Miso, a collaboration between Maggie Coblentz at the MIT Media Lab and Joshua Evans at the University of Oxford, aims to map the emergence of a new space terroir. This research seeks to understand how the environment of space may uniquely alter the flavors of familiar foods, in particular through fermentation processes. This initial experiment sends a sample of miso to the ISS for 30 days and tracks how its microbiome and flavor chemistry may change compared to earthbound control samples.

The latest iteration of Ekblaws self-assemblingTESSERAE tiles tests new paradigms for in-orbit construction of satellites and future space habitats. The tiles (two pentagons, five hexagons) will be selectively released on-station to test autonomous self-assembly and docking over many days of sustained microgravity. These latest prototypes include an extensive suite of sensing and electro-permanent magnet actuation for full diagnostic capability (determining good and bad bonds between tiles as they join together) and structure reconfigurability.

Radiofungi: Biological Pigments for Radioprotection is a payload from the Mediated Matter Group. The Radiofungi team is researching the synthesis of biological pigments, including melanins and carotenoids, to explore the potential new strategies for radiation protection. Such pigments can be fabricated for a variety of applications, creating a new class of materials and coatings that can protect life on Earth, in deep space, and beyond. This payload examines the growth and behavior of five pigment-producing microorganisms during a one-month stint on the ISS.

BioX1 is an onboard nanopore genetic sequencer, designed by a research team from MIT's Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, testing an experiment apparatus for DNA analysis that may become the basis for a future Mars rover experiment. The experiment will analyze sequencing tools that assist in the Search for Extraterrestrial Genomes program, a NASA-funded life detection instrument that would detect nucleic acid-based life via single molecule sequencing.

The Nanoracks team supporting the MIT payloads is able to downlink data directly from the networked payload on the International Space Station, and then share directly to the researchers. The team is hard at work analyzing telemetry, sensor data, pictures, and videos to track each payloads current status. These results will be paired with a full holistic report on each payload upon return of the hardware to Earth. After the 30-day mission, the BlackBox will be packed up as return cargo in the Dragon capsule, splash down in the Pacific Ocean, and then Nanoracks will acquire BlackBox to return to MIT.

Several of these projects directly address research supported by the NASA-guided Translational Research Institute for Space Health. All represent collaborations across disciplines engineering, architecture, materials science, chemistry, art, technology, design, and more. This kind of cross-pollination and teamwork are core to SEIs mission.

For Ekblaw, that ethos doesnt extend only to research; its about bringing people together, building communities of people with different interests and expertise with shared goals and common experiences. Its why she flew any of the researchers who were able to make the trip down to Cape Canaveral to watch the launch together, and why she hosted a dinner for the researchers, the artists, and the Nanoracks team.

Our Space Exploration Initiative deployments are often MIT-wide endeavors it's an honor to have the opportunity to support research and collaborations that span departments, says Ekblaw. We are standing on the shoulders of giants, and are actively expanding our regular cadence of SEI launch opportunities, throughout the year, to an even broader community. This means building bridges across the space industry with academia, business, and government to profoundly democratize access to space.

More:

Five MIT payloads deployed on the International Space Station - MIT News

Here’s how NASA protects astronauts and the International Space Station from coronavirus – CNN

When Meir and Morgan set off for their six- and nine-month stays, respectively, novel coronavirus wasn't a threat. Now, it's a pandemic.

NASA already has a protocol in place for returning astronauts that includes a post-landing medical check by flight doctors. The doctors and other NASA teams help the astronauts re-acclimate to Earth's gravity, getting them up and walking soon after landing. In the weeks after, they're monitored to make sure they're healthy.

This time, the protocols will be more extensive.

"NASA will closely adhere to the CDC's recommendations on infection control for the coronavirus as Andrew Morgan and Jessica Meir return to Earth and begin their post-flight medical testing and re-adaptation period," said Courtney Beasley, communications specialist at NASA's Johnson Space Center.

"This includes cleaning of surfaces, social distancing, emphasizing hand hygiene, encouraging NASA team members who are sick to stay home and limiting contact with the crew members."

Upcoming launches

A new crew of astronauts will also launch to the space station on April 9, joining Meir, Morgan and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka. The crew includes NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy and cosmonauts Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner.

NASA has a long history of quarantining astronauts before they go to space to prevent illnesses, like cold and flu, from happening off planet. It was a concern even in the early days of the agency's astronaut program.

"The health and welfare of the crew is always paramount," Beasley said. "All of our crew must stay in quarantine for two weeks before they launch. This ensures that they aren't sick or incubating an illness when they get to the space station and is called 'health stabilization.' "

Ahead of quarantine, the astronauts are following The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations regarding coronavirus.

NASA and the Russian Space Agency, Roscosmos, are currently planning to maintain the standard quarantine period of two weeks for the crew, Beasley said.

"During quarantine, the astronauts live in their crew quarters -- NASA has crew quarters for this purpose at Kennedy and Johnson Space Centers, and Roscosmos has them in Baikonur," she said. "They don't have direct contact with anyone who has not been pre-cleared by NASA flight surgeons. The time is spent preparing for flight, studying and resting, as well as working out and making video calls to friends and family members."

NASA is also eyeing a May launch date for the manned SpaceX Demo-2 flight test from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. This will be the first launch of American astronauts aboard an American rocket and spacecraft, rather than the Russian Soyuz they use now, since the final space shuttle mission in July 2011, according to the agency.

NASA astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken are expected to be on the flight test in SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft. It is the final flight test of the system before SpaceX is certified to carry out operational crew flights to and from the space station for NASA, the agency said.

The agency is monitoring CDC guidance with regards to mission planning, they said. The launch date could be postponed.

On Friday, NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine announced that the agency's Michoud Assembly Facility in Louisiana and Stennis Space Center in Mississippi are moving to mandatory telework after a case was confirmed on the Stennis team and rising numbers of cases in the community around Michoud.

"NASA will temporarily suspend production and testing of Space Launch System and Orion hardware," Bridenstine said. "We realize there will be impacts to NASA missions, but as our teams work to analyze the full picture and reduce risks we understand that our top priority is the health and safety of the NASA workforce."

Those impacts are not yet clear. The Space Launch System and Orion capsule are the agency's next generation of rocket and spacecraft capable of delivering astronauts to the moon.

Science on the space station

And as for science experiments and other items on SpaceX resupply missions to and from the space station, no launches have been rescheduled or canceled tyet, according to Patrick O'Neill, senior manager of marketing and communications for the International Space Station US National Laboratory.

Hundreds of science experiments are currently unfolding on the station, with more planned for the rest of the year.

Payloads typically go through safety certification processes to prevent any harmful microorganisms from finding their way to the space station, O'Neill said.

It's the same when payloads are returned to Earth.

"This has proven to be an extremely effective process, and we have every confidence that it will continue to be so into the future," he said.

Impacts to NASA

Many at NASA bureaus across the country are working from home, especially after an employee at the Ames Research Center in California tested positive for the virus.

Bridenstine acknowledged that coronavirus "will continue to test our agency's ability to bend but not break under stress," he said in a statement on Wednesday.

"We have accomplished so many incredible feats as an agency," Bridenstine said.

"We put Americans on the Moon, landed on Mars (seven times!), launched hundreds of crewed and robotic missions into space, created life-changing technologies, transformed aviation and sustained human presence on a laboratory that flies 250 miles above Earth for nearly 20 years -- just to name a few things that once were thought to be impossible.

"I am convinced that we are uniquely equipped for this time of heightened need to collaborate and communicate," he said. Teams across the agency are well-practiced in responding to mission contingencies and reacting to unforeseen challenges."

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Here's how NASA protects astronauts and the International Space Station from coronavirus - CNN

Suddenly Stuck at Home? After 20 Years at the Space Station, NASA Teaches These 5 Success Behaviors to Stay Positive and Be Productive in Small Spaces…

It's a shock--and while we hate to admit it, this could go on for quite some time.

So, what can you do to increase the odds of being happy and productive while working and living in a confined space? Well, let's latch onto that word:"space."

Becausethere's a federal agency that's spent a lot of time studying how a certain group of people can remain happy and productive for long periods of time--all while confined to small spaces.

We call that certain group ofpeople "astronauts." And, it's critical for NASA to put them in the best position to succeed--especially over the past 20 years, as we've had astronauts routinely spend six months or more at the International Space Station.

The agency now touts five skills and behaviors that it trains its astronauts to adopt.

I heard about these first from a Twitter post by astronaut Anne McClain, who was on the space station in 2018 and 2019. (The full thread is at the end of this article.)

Drawing on the work of NASA psychologist Dr. Al Holland and retired astronaut Peggy Whitson, here are the NASA "Expeditionary Behaviors," as summarized by McClain.

Skill 1: Communication

The definition here, according to part of what McClain wrote, is to talk so you are understood, and listen actively so that you understand. That means picking up on non-verbal cues, and looking out for areas where you need to resolve conflict.

It also means sharing information, talking about your intentions, andadmitting when you're wrong.

Skill 2: Leadership and Followership

Here, we're talking about how quickly a team can adapt to new situations. Trust is key between the group's leader and other team members.

How do you achieve that trust? First, you accept responsibility, adjust your style to the environment, and assign tasks and set goals. Then, there's a lot of emphasis on giving direction, feedback, and encouragement.

Skill 3: Self-Care

Oh, this one is right on the nose. NASA believes that your psychological and physical health, "including hygiene, managing time and personal stuff, getting sleep, and maintaining mood" has a direct impact on astronauts' output.

This means assess your strengths and weaknesses, and how you work within your larger group. Also:"Be social. Seek feedback. Balance work, rest, and personal time," McClain writes. "Be organized."

Skill 4: Team Care

This is related to Skill #3 of course, but it's more about how each team member's psychological and physical health affects everyone else.

NASA's advice: "Demonstrate patience and respect. Encourage others. Monitor team for signs of stress or fatigue," McClain writes, and "Encourage participation in team activities ... Share the credit; take the blame."

Skill 5: Group Living

This final skill perhaps applies more to how you're getting along with family (or roommates) while working from home, as opposed to your business team. But it's important.

The advice: "Cooperate rather than compete," McClain writes. "Actively cultivate group culture. ... Take accountability, give praise freely. Work to ensure positive team attitude. Keep calm in conflict."

Here's McClain's original thread. Let us know what you think in the comments.

Published on: Mar 23, 2020

The opinions expressed here by Inc.com columnists are their own, not those of Inc.com.

Continued here:

Suddenly Stuck at Home? After 20 Years at the Space Station, NASA Teaches These 5 Success Behaviors to Stay Positive and Be Productive in Small Spaces...

How to see the International Space Station over Nottingham tonight – West Bridgford Wire

For some light relief, take the kids into the garden tonight ( Wed 25 March ) to view the International Space Station over Nottingham should be a clear night too!

The space station looks like an aeroplane or a very bright star moving across the sky, except it doesnt have flashing lights or change direction. It will also be moving considerably faster than a typical aeroplane (aeroplanes generally fly at about 600 miles per hour; the space station flies at 17,500 miles per hour)

Wed Mar 25, 7:38 PM

5 min

62

12 above WSW

21 above E

Time is when the sighting opportunity will begin in your local time zone. All sightings will occur within a few hours before or after sunrise or sunset. This is the optimum viewing period as the sun reflects off the space station and contrasts against the darker sky.

Visible is the maximum time period the space station is visible before crossing back below the horizon.

Max Height is measured in degrees (also known as elevation). It represents the height of the space station from the horizon in the night sky. The horizon is at zero degrees, and directly overhead is ninety degrees. If you hold your fist at arms length and place your fist resting on the horizon, the top will be about 10 degrees.

Appears is the location in the sky where the station will be visible first. This value, like maximum height, also is measured in degrees from the horizon. The letters represent compass directions N is north, WNW is west by northwest, and so on.

Disappears represents where in the night sky the International Space Station will leave your field of view.

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How to see the International Space Station over Nottingham tonight - West Bridgford Wire

I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation to Share – The New York Times

You can also practice an instrument (I just bought a digital guitar trainer online), try a craft, or make some art. Astronauts take time for all of these while in space. (Remember Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfields famous cover of David Bowies Space Oddity?)

Keep a journal

NASA has been studying the effects of isolation on humans for decades, and one surprising finding they have made is the value of keeping a journal. Throughout my yearlong mission, I took the time to write about my experiences almost every day. If you find yourself just chronicling the days events (which, under the circumstances, might get repetitive) instead try describing what you are experiencing through your five senses or write about memories. Even if you dont wind up writing a book based on your journal like I did, writing about your days will help put your experiences in perspective and let you look back later on what this unique time in history has meant.

Take time to connect

Even with all the responsibilities of serving as commander of a space station, I never missed the chance to have a videoconference with family and friends. Scientists have found that isolation is damaging not only to our mental health, but to our physical health as well, especially our immune systems. Technology makes it easier than ever to keep in touch, so its worth making time to connect with someone every day it might actually help you fight off viruses.

Listen to experts

Ive found that most problems arent rocket science, but when they are rocket science, you should ask a rocket scientist. Living in space taught me a lot about the importance of trusting the advice of people who knew more than I did about their subjects, whether it was science, engineering, medicine, or the design of the incredibly complex space station that was keeping me alive.

Especially in a challenging moment like the one we are living through now, we have to seek out knowledge from those who know the most about it and listen to them. Social media and other poorly vetted sources can be transmitters of misinformation just as handshakes transmit viruses, so we have to make a point of seeking out reputable sources of facts, like the World Health Organization and the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center.

We are all connected

Seen from space, the Earth has no borders. The spread of the coronavirus is showing us that what we share is much more powerful than what keeps us apart, for better or for worse. All people are inescapably interconnected, and the more we can come together to solve our problems, the better off we will all be.

One of the side effects of seeing Earth from the perspective of space, at least for me, is feeling more compassion for others. As helpless as we may feel stuck inside our homes, there are always things we can do Ive seen people reading to children via videoconference, donating their time and dollars to charities online, and running errands for elderly or immuno-compromised neighbors. The benefits for the volunteer are just as great as for those helped.

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I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation to Share - The New York Times

Welcome to the future: 11 ideas that went from science fiction to reality – Space.com

Science fiction has always been a medium for futuristic imagination and while different colored aliens and intergalactic travel are yet to be discovered, there is an array of technologies that are no longer figments of the imagination thanks to the world of science fiction. Some of the creative inventions that have appeared in family-favorite movies like "Back to the Future" and "Total Recall," are now at the forefront of modern technology. Here are a few of our favorite technologies that went from science fiction to reality.

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From: "Star Trek: The Original Series"

It's something that almost everyone has in their pockets. Mobile phones have become a necessity in modern life with a plethora of remarkable features. The first mobile phone was invented in 1973, the Motorola DynaTAC. It was a bulky thing that weighed 2.4 lbs. (1.1 kilograms) and had a talk time of about 35 minutes. It also cost thousands of dollars.

The Motorola DynaTAC was invented by Martin Cooper, who led a team that created the phone in just 90 days. A long-standing rumor was that Cooper got his inspiration from an episode of Star Trek where Captain Kirk used his hand-held communications device. However, Cooper stated in a 2015 interview that the original inspiration was from a comic strip called Dick Tracy, in which the character used a "wrist two-way radio."

From: "Star Trek: The Original Series"

While exploring space, characters such as Captain Kirk and Spock would come across alien life who spoke a different language. To understand the galactic foreigners, the Star Trek characters used a device that immediately translated the alien's unusual language. Star Trek's universal communicator was first seen on screen as Spock tampered with it in order to communicate with a non-biological entity (Series 2 Episode 9, Metamorphosis).

Although the idea in Star Trek was to communicate with intelligent alien life, a device capable of breaking down language barriers would revolutionize real-time communication. Now, products such as Sourcenext's Pocketalk and Skype's new voice translation service are capable of providing instantaneous translation between languages. Flawless real-time communication is far off, but the technological advancements over the last decade mean this feat is within reach.

From: "Star Trek: The Original Series"

The idea behind "beaming" someone up was that a person could be broken down into an energy form (dematerialization) and then converted back into matter at their destination (rematerialization). Transporting people this way on Star Trek's USS Enterprise had been around since the very beginning of the series, debuting in the pilot episode.

Scientists haven't figured out how to teleport humans yet, but they can teleport balls of energy known as photons. In this case, teleportation is based on a phenomenon known as quantum entanglement. This refers to a condition in quantum mechanics where two entangled particles may be very far from one another, yet remain connected so that actions performed on one affect the other, regardless of distance. The information exchange between the two photons occurs at least 10,000 times faster than the speed of light.

Related: Chinese Scientists Just Set the Record for the Farthest Quantum Teleportation

From: "Star Wars: Episode IV A New Hope"

Not long into the first Star Wars movie, Obi-Wan Kenobi receives a holographic message. By definition, a hologram is a 3D image created from the interference of light beams from a laser onto a 2D surface, and can only be seen in one angle.

In 2018, researchers from Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, created a real hologram. Their technique, called volumetric display, works like an Etch-A-Sketch toy, but uses particles at high speeds. With lasers, researchers can trap particles and move them into a designated shape while another set of lasers emit red, green and blue light onto the particle and create an image. But so far, this can only happen on extremely small scales.

Related: Cool! 'Star Wars'-Like Tech Warps Light into 360-Degree 3D Images

From: "Star Wars: Episode V The Empire Strikes Back"

Imagine getting your hand chopped off by your own father and falling to the bottom of a floating building to then have your long-lost sister come and pick you up. It's unlikely in reality, but not in the Star Wars movies. After losing his hand, Luke Skywalker receives a bionic version that has all the functions of a normal hand. This scenario is now more feasible than the previous one.

Researchers from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia, have been developing a way for amputees to control each of their prosthetic fingers using an ultrasonic sensor. In the movie, Skywalker's prosthesis uses electromyogram sensors attached to his muscles. The sensors can be switched into different modes and are controlled by the flexing or contracting of his muscles. The prosthesis created by the Georgia Tech researchers, however, uses machine learning and ultrasound signals to detect fine finger-by-finger movement.

From: "Blade Runner"

Director Ridley Scott presents a landscape shot of futuristic Los Angeles in the movie "Blade Runner." While scanning the skyscrapers, a huge, digital, almost-cinematic billboard appears on one of the buildings. This pre-internet concept sparked the imagination of Andrew Phipps Newman, the CEO of DOOH.com. DOOH which stands for Digital Out Of Home is a company dedicated to providing live, dynamic advertisements through the use of digital billboards. The company is now at the forefront of advertising as it offers a more enticing form; one that will make people stop and stare.

Digital billboards have come a long way since DOOH was founded in 2013. They have taken advantage of crowded cities, such as London and New York, to utilize this unique advertising tactic. Perhaps the more recent "Blade Runner 2049" will bring us even more new technologies.

From: "Blade Runner"

The "Blade Runner" story heavily revolves around the idea of synthetic humans, which require artificial intelligence (AI). Some people might be worried about the potential fallout of giving computers intelligence, which has had disastrous consequences in many science-fiction works. But AI has some very useful applications in reality. For instance, astronomers have trained machines to find exoplanets using computer-based learning techniques. While sifting through copious amounts of data collected by missions such as NASA's Kepler and TESS missions, AI can identify the telltale signs of an exoplanet lurking in the data.

Related: Why You Shouldn't Expect to See 'Blade Runner' Replicants Anytime Soon

From: "2001: A Space Odyssey"

Orbiting Earth in "2001: A Space Odyssey" is Space Station V, a large establishment located in low-Earth orbit where astronauts can bounce around in microgravity. Does this sound familiar?

The Space Station V provided inspiration for the International Space Station (ISS), which has been orbiting the Earth since 1998 and currently accommodates up to six astronauts at a time. Although Space Station V appears much more luxurious, the ISS has accomplished much more science. The ISS has been fundamental to microgravity research since the start of its construction in 1998.

The Space Station V wasn't just an out-of-this-world holiday experience, it was also employed as a pit-stop before traveling to the Moon and other long-duration space destinations. The proposed Deep Space Gateway would be a station orbiting the moon that would serve a similar purpose.

Related: The 25 Greatest Spaceships of Science Fiction

From: "2001: A Space Odyssey"

Tablets are wonderful handheld computers that can be controlled at the press of a finger. These handy devices are used by people across the globe, and even further upwards on the ISS. Apple claims to have invented the tablet with the release of its iPad. However, Samsung made an extremely interesting case in court that Apple was wrong: Stanley Kubrick and Sir Arthur C. Clarke did, by including the device in 2001: A Space Odyssey, released in 1968.

In the film, Dr. David Bowman and Dr. Frank Poole watch news updates from their flat-screen computers, which they called "newspads." Samsung claimed that these "newspads" were the original tablet, featured in a film over 40 years before the first iPad arrived in 2010. This argument was not successful though, as the judge ruled that Samsung could not utilize this particular piece of evidence.

From: "Back to the Future Part II"

The Back to the Future trilogy is a highly enjoyable trio of time-traveling adventures, but it is Part II that presents the creators' vision of 2015. The film predicted a far more outlandish 2015 than what actually happened just five years ago, but it got one thing correct: hoverboards, just like the one Marty McFly "borrows" to make a quick escape.

Although they aren't as widespread as the film perceives, hoverboards now exist. The first real one was created in 2015 by Arx Pax, a company based in California. The company invented the Magnetic Field Architecture (MFA) used to provide the levitation of a hoverboard. The board generates a magnetic field, which in turn creates an eddy current, which then creates another opposing magnetic field. These magnetic fields repel each other against a copper "hoverpark" that provides lift.

From: "Total Recall"

In the 1990 film, set in 2084, Total Recall's main protagonist Douglas Quaid (played by Arnold Schwarzenegger) finds himself in the middle of a sci-fi showdown on Mars. In one scene Quaid is on the run from the bad guys and jumps into a driverless car. In the front is "Johnny Cab," which is the car's on-board computer system. All Johnny needs is an address to take the car to its intended destination.

Although the driverless car wasn't seen in action before the protagonist yells profanities and takes over the driving, the idea of having a car that takes you to your destination using its onboard satellite navigation has become increasingly popular. The company at the forefront of driverless cars is Waymo, as they want to eradicate the human error and inattention that results in dangerous and fatal accidents.

In 2017, NASA stated its intentions to help in the production of driverless cars, as they would improve the technologies of robotic vehicles on extraterrestrial surfaces such as the Moon or Mars.

Additional resources:

This article was adapted from a previous version published in All About Space magazine, a Future Ltd. publication. Email Lee Cavendish at lee.cavendish@futurenet.com. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcomand onFacebook.

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Welcome to the future: 11 ideas that went from science fiction to reality - Space.com

The Coronavirus Is Starting To Have A Serious Impact On The Space Industry – Forbes

Multiple missions and launches have now been put on hold.

Space companies and organizations have continued to announce a swathe of delays and closures, as the coronavirus pandemic continues to have a lasting impact on the space industry.

Already last week, several rocket launches and space missions had been affected by the pandemic. A European mission to Mars was postponed for two years in part due to the pandemic, for example, while launches from a spaceport in French Guiana had ceased

Now the COVID-19 pandemic has led to more recent shutdowns in the UK and US, limiting the ability of employees to work on key missions and in some instances, shutting down entire companies for the foreseeable future.

NASA

NASA is continuing to limit how many of its employees work on site, moving most of its workforce to remote working. After two NASA employees contracted the virus, the agency has moved many of its centres to mandatory telework.

This has put the construction of the James Webb Space Telescope on hold, raising fresh doubts about its launch. The much-delayed telescope had been expected to finally launch in 2021.

And key questions remain over whether the agency will be able to launch humans on SpaceXs Crew Dragon spacecraft in May, its Perseverance rover to Mars in July, and even its planned Artemis mission to the Moon.

However, other NASA operations are continuing, including its operation of the International Space Station (ISS). NASA astronaut Chris Cassidy and Russian cosmonauts Anatoli Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner remain on schedule to launch to the ISS on April 9.

Astronauts are continuing to live and work on the ISS.

Bigelow Aerospace

According to media reports, Nevada-based company Bigelow Aerospace laid off its entire workforce on Monday, March 23. SpaceNews quoted one source as saying that the coronavirus pandemic was just one of a perfect storm of problems.

Bigelow installed a module on the ISS in 2016, called the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module (BEAM). The impressive module launched in a compact form and inflated to its full size once attached, a technology that could be useful for future missions to Mars and elsewhere.

However, reports suggested the layoffs could be permanent rather than temporary, leaving the future of BEAM and other developments at Bigelow including plans for an orbiting space hotel in partnership with the United Launch Alliance (ULA) up in the air.

ESA

The European Space Agency (ESA) announced yesterday, Tuesday, March 24 that it was putting four of its ongoing missions on hold due to the coronavirus pandemic.

In a statement, they said that the Earth-observing Cluster spacecraft, the Mars-orbiting Trace Gas Orbiter and Mars Express, and the Sun-orbiting Solar Orbiter, were all being put into standby mode and would cease scientific operations for the time being.

Our priority is the health of our workforce, and we will therefore reduce activity on some of our scientific missions, especially on interplanetary spacecraft, which currently require the highest number of personnel on site, ESA's Director of Operations Rolf Densing said in a statement.

These have stable orbits and long mission durations, so turning off their science instruments and placing them into a largely unattended safe configuration for a certain period will have a negligible impact on their overall mission performance.

Other missions that required more essential human involvement, such as the BepiColombo spacecraft that is currently on its way to orbiting the planet Mercury, would continue to be more directly supported.

BepiColombo is scheduled to arrive at Mercury in 2025.

Rocket Lab

The U.S. company Rocket Lab, which launches its Electron rocket from New Zealand, has postponed its next launch on Monday, March 30 due to the coronavirus pandemic.

In a statement, the company said it had paused launch preparations for the time being, in response to instructions from the New Zealand government for businesses to close and for people to stay at home.

We are working with the government, health officials, and our customers to determine when launch operations can resume, Rocket Lab said. The launch vehicle and ground systems will remain in a state of readiness for launch as the evolving situation allows it.

Virgin Orbit

The California-based company Virgin Orbit, which hopes to begin launching rockets from a carrier aircraft in the near-future, said it was sending its employees home for a week, in line with the states recommendations for all 40 million residents to work from home.

The company noted it had been deemed an essential service, however, and would resume operations next week. We will continue our essential work with fierce determination and perseverance, the company said in a statement.

But they noted that this would likely affect their plans to start launching soon. Unavoidably, this will have some impact on our launch date, and on the launches that immediately follow, they said.

Virgin Orbit hopes to complete its first launch this year.

SpaceX

Elon Musks California-based company is continuing to operate, following somewhat controversial comments from the founder and CEO that downplayed the pandemic.

SpaceX launched its sixth Starlink mission last week, taking its total number of satellites in orbit up to about 360, and is continuing preparations to launch humans for the first time on the Crew Dragon mission with NASA in May.

However, the company's next launch, a mission for the US Air Force on Monday, March 30, has now been put on indefinite hold because of the coronavirus pandemic.

And reports yesterday said that two workers at SpaceX had tested positive for coronavirus, with the company sending some of its employees home. SpaceX has so far been deemed a critical infrastructure business, and thus is allowed to remain open despite the pandemic.

OneWeb

Despite launching 34 more satellites in its planned space internet mega constellation on Sunday, March 22, the U.K.-based and Softbank-backed company OneWeb is facing growing problems

A report in Bloomberg last week claimed the company was considering bankruptcy owing to financial difficulties, prior to launching its satellites. In a subsequent statement, the company confirmed it had laid off employees and would likely experience launch delays owing to the coronavirus.

Like others, we are impacted by the global health and economic crisis and we need to dynamically adjust our workforce, the company said, reported TechCrunch.

"Therefore, we made the difficult decision to eliminate some roles and responsibilities as we work to focus on core operations. We are sorry to have had to take this step and were doing everything we can to support those affected.

OneWeb launched 34 satellites on Saturday, March 21, on a Russian Soyuz rocket.

Small satellites

Small satellite industry body ACCESS.SPACE warned yesterday, Tuesday, March 24 that several companies in Europe faced difficulties due to the ongoing pandemic.

The body said that cash flow constraints, delays in research projects, and difficulties in networking posed a number of challenges for the operations of various NewSpace companies.

It recommended governments taking extraordinary measures to counteract the crisis and anticipate long term consequences, such as financial support for companies, protect workers against income losses, and introduce support measures to allow companies to operate remotely.

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The Coronavirus Is Starting To Have A Serious Impact On The Space Industry - Forbes

In space, at sea: Professionals thriving in confinement have some Covid-19 work-from-home tips – Livemint

- 'Have a schedule' -

Scott Kelly, a retired NASA astronaut, spent nearly a year aboard the International Space Station. He told AFP that mindset was crucial.

"People need to have the right expectation, we don't know when this is gonna be over," he said.

"We could be in this for the long haul so your mindset needs to be: I'm living a similar thing to living in space for a year, I need to have a schedule, I need to get up at a regular time, to go to sleep at a regular time."

He also said exercise was key for both physical and mental well-being while confined.

"You need to schedule time for exercise. If you cannot get out if you don't have a garden, raise the window shade, open the window and stick your head outside, make that part of daily routine."

- Find your mission -

For Vincent Larnaudie-Eiffel, a former commander of a nuclear submarine, working well in confinement means finding and investing in your own personal "mission".

Just like on board the sub, "stuck in our apartments, we all share a mission and that is to protect others, medical workers and successfully navigate this ordeal."

He said it was important to establish a daily routine and stick to it.

"You can't give in... you need to do something with this suspended time."

For Larnaudie-Eiffel and his crewmates, this involved building models or growing plants under artificial light during their spare time.

"It's also important that everyone has their own space," he told AFP. "In a submarine it might be a cramped bed-space. It's the same in a cramped apartment."

- 'Try new things' -

Sailor Isabelle Autissier was the first woman to circumnavigate the globe alone. This involved a lot of time to herself.

But she said she never felt lonely because "I chose to be alone."

For people stuck at home she recommends using the time "to try new things, reading, listening to different music, write your journal, take photos, start drawing."

Above all it's important that people don't look too far ahead.

When she was at sea, facing an indeterminate amount of time alone "the first thing is not to count the days," said Autissier.

"You can't constantly be thinking I'll get there in three months, in a month, in 10 minutes."

- 'Morale dips are normal' -

Cyprien Verseux, an astrobiologist at Germany's University of Bremen, once spent over a year in a small pod with five other volunteers simulating conditions in a future mission to Mars.

"It's normal for your morale and productivity to dip," he said. "That's not a sign of weakness. Don't add guilt to your problems."

When in confinement for the experiment, Verseux wasn't allowed outside and was forbidden from communicating in real time with the outside world.

"Even if we don't all react the same to confinement we can adopt good practice that makes these periods more manageable," he said.

He recommends choosing one or two activities and practising hard.

"Also do your sport, light weights, do yoga, zumba... even if there's a lack of space there are solutions to stay in shape," he said.

- Stay in touch -

In 2009 astronaut Frank de Winne became the first European to command the International Space Station.

He said it was vital to maintain human contact, even if only electronically.

"Means of communication are there, you have to make the effort and use them," he said.

The Belgian, now in quarantine on Earth, makes sure to video call his elderly mother at the same time each day.

"That allows her to see me. It also creates a bit of structure for her because she knows that I'm going to call her," he said.

This story has been published from a wire agency feed without modifications to the text. Only the headline has been changed.

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In space, at sea: Professionals thriving in confinement have some Covid-19 work-from-home tips - Livemint

NASA astronaut to head to space station without fanfare – Las Vegas Review-Journal

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. A NASA astronaut whos about to leave the planet for six months will blast off without any family or fanfare because of the coronavirus.

Chris Cassidy said Thursday that he wont have any guests at his April 9 launch from Kazakhstan. He expects to say goodbye in Russia to his wife, Julie, on Friday, three weeks earlier than planned.

Because of the coronavirus outbreak, shes going back home to Houston. One of their three children, meanwhile, is trying to get back to the U.S. from New Zealand.

There will be a smaller team than usual at the launch pad, too.

It really is going to be strange, Cassidy told The Associated Press from cosmonaut headquarters in Star City, Russia.

He said hes already in quarantine ahead of his launch to the International Space Station.

The things that are stressing the rest of the world and the rest of America, are the same things that are stressing me right now, said Cassidy.

Its not like any other time in our lives as a generation, really, right? said the 50-year-old Navy captain and former Navy SEAL. Ill have my own interesting story to tell in years to come.

Cassidy is also dealing with a rare late-in-the-game crew switch. Hell spend 6 months on the space station with two Russians assigned to the flight just a month ago, after one of the original cosmonauts suffered an eye injury.

While training together to catch up, Cassidy, Anatoly Ivanishin and Ivan Vagner have been taking precautions to stay germ free, frequently washing their hands and keeping a safe distance from others.

The space station crew will drop from six to three a week after his arrival. It will remain at three people until SpaceX launches two NASA astronauts, as early as May, or another crew arrives on a Russian Soyuz capsule in the fall.

With only three people on board, it promises to be extraordinarily busy.

That doesnt bother me at all, Cassidy told the AP. In fact, Im excited. Bring it on.

Cassidy, Ivanishin and Vagner leave Tuesday for the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. They will be isolated there in a special hotel for astronauts, as is customary. But on launch day, there wont be the usual cheering, back-slapping throngs of well-wishers or journalists either.

Their families, bosses and dozens of others normally jam a special room behind a glass wall while the astronauts put on their spacesuits before liftoff.

Not this time.

Well be looking through the glass at maybe one video camera or something like this and then well get on the bus to go to a launch pad with a minimal team there, Cassidy said.

As for the Feb. 19 crew switch, Cassidy, from York, Maine, initially was crushed by the news. The former chief of NASAs astronaut corps and two-time space flier, Cassidy already knew the backup cosmonauts..

So no issues there, he said. However, my heart hurt for my two friends who thought they were so close to a rocket launch and were not going to get one, he told the AP.

Invanishin, like Cassidy an experienced spaceman, said earlier this week that hes surprised to be suddenly rocketing away, but life happens. He said the crew swap could have occurred even closer to launch and so the three have had some time for the news to settle in.

Cassidy acknowledges his stress level is higher than usual right now from worrying about his loved ones.

Were only human, he said, and well work through it and be fine.

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NASA astronaut to head to space station without fanfare - Las Vegas Review-Journal

How to work at home on lockdown without ruining your relationship – Wired.co.uk

When lockdown was lifted in XiAn on March 1, queues of people were photographed outside marriage registry offices. They werent so inspired by their recent togetherness that they wanted it to go on forever. They were married couples filing for divorce.

Its not clear whether this sudden uptick in divorce requests is a genuine result of the isolation, or just a backlog from the few months when the offices were closed. But its not hard to imagine how being trapped in an enclosed space with someone for an extended period could lead to disdain - especially if you were having problems before it started.

It does have the potential to increase divorce rates, says Sarita Robinson, cognitive psychology lecturer at Central Lancashire University. If theres been any animosity in the past or if people are dragging a marriage on when its not working, itll bring it into very sharp focus. Youre also more likely to notice if your partner is having an affair. More close contact means youre going to be able to observe your partner more, she says, so if theyre secretly messaging, youre going to spot if more easily.

Even without bringing cheating into the mix, isolation is going to be a stressful experience. Nathan Smith, psychology and security researcher at Manchester University, has worked with astronauts and others isolated in extreme environments, and psychologically, he says, were on a par. The physical comparison between being isolated in Antarctica or space is obviously different from being in your home, but the psychological and social similarities are quite close, he says. The monotony and boredom, repetition, lack of variety, the feelings of anxiety and fear, the social proximity. Sound familiar?

Tensions that high are bound to lead to some conflict. To put it in perspective: Russian cosmonaut Valentine Lebedev, who spent 211 days aboard the Mir Space Station in 1982, estimated (based on his experiences and those of other Russian cosmonauts) that 30 per cent of the time spent in space involved crew conflict. The Mir Space Station core module had 90 cubic metres of living and working space, the average UK home has 67.8.

Were bunking up with our chosen partners, not random colleagues, but the astronauts still have one big advantage: training. A lot of people we work with are going to very dangerous places, but theyve been trained, so their relative fear is at a certain point, says Smith. We, on the other hand, are totally unprepared - both mentally and in our supply of toilet paper. Not only does that mean were likely to feel a similar amount of fear as an astronaut going into space, well also need to adapt much more quickly to deal with it. Its caught a lot of people off guard, says Smith, and preparedness is a big contributor to whether things like this are a success.

The ideal thing, says Robinson, would be to carefully choose your perfect isolation partner. But now that were in lockdown, thats not really an option. And realistically it doesnt matter who youre with, says Smith, if youre with them for a long enough time, things will eventually get too close. Whoever youre trapped with, its important to establish a new stay-at-home routine.

It will probably take a few days to adjust, says Robinson, its not insurmountable, you just have to find a new normal. Get up at a regular time, add an activity to your morning to replace your commute, schedule some afternoon exercise, divide up the space into individual offices. Co-working space Hubble suggests 30 square metres is the optimal office space per person so get your tape measures out.

The first few days are going to be very hard, says Smith. When youre adjusting to a new routine, youre going to have ups and downs. Its an uncertain time for everyone; for some, who have lost their jobs or are running businesses in jeopardy, its even more traumatic. Its not traumatic in the sense that its an earthquake or a hurricane, says Robinson, but actually subjectively some people will take this quite hard.

This is where we have one up on the astronauts. If you look at things like the space missions, youve got people who dont know each other very well, says Robinson, thats much more difficult than if youve got people who are couples.

You get social support from the people that youre close to. They provide you with a social buffer and if youre worried or anxious or upset, they help you deal with it.

So, when youre down, take advantage of the fact that your partner is with you, and lean on them for support (no more crying in the office toilets). But also be aware of how much youre complaining - and, if you can help it, try and cut down.

Covid-19 isnt the only thing thats contagious. One persons mood can be infectious to someone else, says Robinson, explaining that survival studies have found that if people pull together as a team and have structure, they do really well, but if someone becomes despondent then the whole group feels worse. So its about both trying to be optimistic.

Different people respond to partner support in different ways. In 1993, Clemens Kirschbaum invented the Trier Social Stress Test, a combination of different stress-inducing tasks, including preparing a presentation for a mock job interview and counting back from 1,022 in multiples of 13.

When the German biopsychologist used this test to stress out men, he found that if they were supported by their female partners, their cortisol levels were much lower. The men really benefitted from that social support, but that was reversed when the women were doing the public speaking and counting backwards, says Robinson. Womens cortisol levels increased when their partner was with them.

The study was repeated and refined last year, and the results followed a similar pattern. Immediately after stress, both sexes benefited from their partner being there. But the anti-stress impacts wore off for the women after an hour, whereas the men saw a sustained drop in cortisol levels. If these results are generalisable, we may find that men find being isolated with a partner quite nice, and the women go a little nuts, says Robinson.

Stress is directly linked to conflict, especially in confined spaces. In one mock space mission, 85 per cent of conflicts involved the two crew members with the highest stress ratings. Astronauts have procedures for dealing with it: its part of their job. Theres a lot of self restraint, biting your tongue, not saying things in the moment and revisiting it later when youre calmer, says Smith.

Thats a lot easier said than done when your partner is doing something annoying so try pre-empting conflict instead. One of the best ways of managing conflict is physically removing yourself from the presence of the person whos annoying you, says Robinson. If you cant go outside for a jog (or if youve already used up your daily allocation), then designate a space in your flat where you can go for some personal space. Any size works, and a door helps; one quarantinee trapped on the Diamond Princess cruise liner recommends the closet.

Calming conflicts has more than just emotional benefits. An Ohio State University study found that couples who regularly argue have reduced immune function. Wound healing has been found to be impaired in married couples who showed higher levels of conflict, says Robinson. And not just a little. High-conflict couples healing abilities decreased by 40 per cent versus their low-conflict counterparts.

But its not all doom and gloom. Smith tells me that, in 2014, researchers did a preparatory study for a future Mars mission. They confined a group of six people in a very small space for 520 days, he says, it was basically a garage with crew quarters. Some were more scathed than others, but they all made it through.

One Covid couple, also stuck on the Diamond Princess, credited quarantine for improving their relationship. Greg and Rose Yerex, a Canadian couple in their sixties, tested positive for the virus. They were asymptomatic, but were still put in quarantine for 14 days. It was there they learned to talk to each other again. Weve been married thirty-four years, and wed drifted into some pretty serious bad habits, Greg told the New Yorker. Being put together for twenty-four hours a day for two weeks, we wound up learning a lot about each others fears, hopes, and dreams.

While we can all strive to be like the Yerexs, its always good to have a backup plan. My partner and I have come up with a code phrase, so we can call a truce on little arguments without actually having to apologise or be nice to each other. Feel free to pick one of your own. Ours is Cuban Missile Crisis, which also doubles as a handy reminder that things could be a lot worse.

Digital Society is a digital magazine exploring how technology is changing society. It's produced as a publishing partnership with Vontobel, but all content is editorially independent. Visit Vontobel Impact for more stories on how technology is shaping the future of society.

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How to work at home on lockdown without ruining your relationship - Wired.co.uk

Houston-based research organization taps video game makers to advance space medicine – InnovationMap

A Houston-based organization affiliated with NASA has teamed up with a video game company to advance virtual simulation in space medicine.

The Translational Research Institute for Space Health, known as TRISH, in partnership with NASA in a consortium led by Baylor College of Medicine, California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge has advanced a new approach for space medicine using video game technology by collaborating with video game company, Level Ex.

"We discovered Level Ex through a process of landscaping the many virtual simulation companies that were out there," says Andrew Peterman Director of Information System at TRISH. "We especially noted those that were on the cutting edge of the technology."

Based in Houston, TRISH aims to collaborate with the best and the brightest to revolutionize space health, providing grants to companies with innovative concepts. With Level Ex, they found a new approach to decode earthly medical technologies in space.

Level Ex, a Chicago-based company created in 2015 was founded to provide training games for doctors to use to practice surgeries and procedures. The games are interactive, with the virtual patient reacting to the actions of the player. The training simulations consist of in-depth and physics-driven medical simulations that are verified by doctors in their advisory board.

"We're hoping to completely change the ways that doctors stay up to speed," says Level Ex founder-and-CEO Sam Glassberg.

With their ongoing collaboration with TRISH, they have a challenge that's out of this world. In space, astronauts have limited space for medical tools and run on a limited crew. This makes providing basic medical training to all astronauts especially important.

Especially since the body begins to react to the new environmental conditions of space missions. The effects can be small or lead to new changes or challenges for astronauts who take on long-range missions. Astronauts may see their bodies slowly start to lose bone and muscle mass. Their fluid begins to shift toward their head, leading to increased risks of hypertension and thrombosis.

All of these are challenges NASA is working to address with the help of gaming technology from Level Ex that innovates the technology with higher-level capability and training. Combining video game technology and medical simulation applications to incorporate and explore the interplay of environmental conditions found in space.

"What we really liked about Level Ex is that they have an amazing team both on the clinical and technical side, says Peterman. "They are a group of former big-name game developers who along with clinical experts have married technology and medicine with their platform producing full in engine physics-driven real simulations rather than video playback."

The astronauts will train using simulations that allow them to practice a procedure in zero gravity conditions and even simulate the gravity conditions of Mars. The game will also allow astronauts to get their own on-screen avatar with their medical information thus allowing fellow astronauts to gain more practice and experience with fewer variables in space.

The advanced medical simulation platform has potential for commercial uses on earth, improving the range of the technology to simulate new, rare, and complex scenarios across a range of medical specialties, allowing doctors to practice a range of difficult scenarios without putting patient lives at risk.

Peterman says that the partnership is expected to continue into the future for immediate applications along with other innovations in astronaut healthcare, including autonomous frameworks to provide medical knowledge in outer space.

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Houston-based research organization taps video game makers to advance space medicine - InnovationMap

UAE students invited to programme heroic space robots – The National

UAE students have been invited to take part in a challenge that allows them to programme robots to save the International Space Station from disastrous situations.

The Kibo Robot Programming Challenge (Kibo-RPC) is being held by Japans space agency, Jaxa, in collaboration with Nasa.

The UAE Space Agency and Mohammed bin Rashid Space Centre made the challenge available to all students in the country too.

The competition requires students to come up with breakthrough programming for Jaxas free-flying camera robot, Int-ball, and Nasas free-flying robotic system, Astrobee, so they can solve emergencies that may arise on the ISS.

For this specific competition, the emergency scenario given to students is a meteor having crashed into the ISS, causing a life-threatening air leakage on the outpost.

Pupils will work in teams to create their own programme which allows Int-ball to support Astrobee as a camera drone in order to stop the leakage. They will use Jaxas online simulation environment to develop the programmes.

Participants will have the chance to learn cutting-edge methodologies and to hone their skills in science, technology, engineering and mathematics through this programme, the competition guidebook read.

The KiboRPC will also expand international exchange by encouraging students to interact with other participants from around the world.

The competition aims to promote the study of Stem subjects among young people.

Engineering teaches us that a simulation can only approximate the real world. Thus, participants are expected to learn techniques for creating simulation programmes that perform well in the real world despite uncertainties and within margins of error, the guidebook said.

Students will learn the necessity of controlling and correcting positions and orientation of a free-flying robot and how to perform assigned tasks in the onboard environment through simulation trials.

The Astrobee and Int-ball are functioning robots used on the ISS. UAE astronaut, Maj Hazza Al Mansouri, gave a presentation using the Int-ball onboard the station during his space mission last year.

Competition applications must be submitted by April 19.

The preliminary round will be hosted by UAEs Space Agency in June. The winning teams will go on to the final round hosted at Jaxas Tsukuba Space Centre, with real-time connections to the ISS.

The final, expected to take place in September, will also be broadcasted worldwide.

More information on the competition is available online at UAE Space Agencys website.

Updated: March 21, 2020 08:52 PM

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UAE students invited to programme heroic space robots - The National