Lifespan: Why We Age_and Why We Don’t Have To: David A …

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Lifespanis entertaining and fast-paceda whirlwind tour of the recent past and a near future that will see 90 become the new 70. In a succession of colorfully titled chapters (The Demented Pianist, A Better Pill to Swallow), Sinclair and LaPlante weave a masterful narrative of how we arrived at this crucial inflection point., Nature Journal

Sinclairs work on slowing the aging process, and even reversing some aspects of it, could lead to the most significant set of medical breakthroughs since the discovery of antibiotics nearly a century ago., Sydney Morning Herald

"In this insightful and provocative book that asks questions about how we age, and whether humans can overcome decay and degeneration, Sinclair grapples with some of the most fundamental questions around the science of aging. The result is an elegant and exciting book that deserves to be read broadly and deeply." -- Siddhartha Mukherjee, Pulitzer Prizewinning and #1 New York Times bestselling author

There are few books that have ever made me think about science in a fundamentally new way. David Sinclairs book did that for me on aging. This is a book that anyone who ages must read. -- Leroy Hood, PhD, professor at the California Institute of Technology, inventor, entrepreneur, member of all three US National Academies, and co-author of Code of Codes

If you ever wondered how we age, if we can slow or even reverse aging, and if we can live a healthy 100 plus years, then David Sinclairs new bookLifespan, which reads like a detective novel, will guide you through the science and the practical strategies to make your health span equal your lifespan, and make your lifespan long and vibrant. -- Mark Hyman, MD, director of the Cleveland Clinic Center for Functional Medicine and #1 New York Times bestselling author

This is the most visionary book about aging I have ever read.Seize the dayand seize this book! -- Dean Ornish, MD, founder and president of the Preventative Medicine Research Institute and New York Times bestselling author of UnDo It!

In Lifespan, David Sinclair eloquently tells us the secret everyone wants to know: how to live longer and age slower. Boldly weaving cutting-edge science with fascinating bits of history, sociology, and morality, Sinclair convinces us that it is not only possible to live beyond one hundred years, it is inevitable that we will be able to one day do so. If you are someone who wants to know how to beat aging, Lifespan is a must-read. -- William W. Li, MD, New York Times bestselling author of Eat to Beat Disease

For years, the aging field has been about vitamins, juicebars, and snake oil. Now, in a seminal book, Harvard Professor David Sinclair has changed the landscape: he has combined precise science, practical translation, and autobiography to produce a rare book that is insightful, inspiring, and informative. He has translated a wealth of molecular detail into a program that we can all use to live longer and healthier. This is part of the ongoing revolution in aging and chronic disease, and there is no one who is better suited to write such an authoritative book than David Sinclair. For anyone interested in understanding the aging process, living longer, and avoiding the diseases of aging, this is the book to read. -- Dale Bredesen, MD, New York Times bestselling author of The End of Alzheimer's

A visionary book from one of the most masterful longevity scientists of our time. Lifespan empowers us to change our health today while revealing a potential future when we live younger for longer. -- Sara Gottfried, MD, New York Times bestselling author of The Hormone Cure

Prepare to have your mind blown. You are holding in your hands the precious results of decades of work, as shared by Dr. David Sinclair, the rock star of aging and human longevity. -- Dave Asprey, founder and CEO of Bulletproof and New York Times bestselling author of The Bulletproof Diet

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7 books to read while in coronavirus quarantine or isolation – The CEO Magazine

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If you, like much of the world, find yourself twiddling your thumbs in self-isolation amid the ongoing coronavirus pandemic this book list is for you.

In the words of the great Susan Sontag, The day has pockets you can always find time to read.

And because we have no idea how long the COVID-19 crisis will continue, many of us are faced with a lot of time to kill.

From entertainment and escapism to a dystopian novel thats eerily similar to the current climate, these books will enrich your self-isolation.

Stephen King It starts with a cough, then your neck swells, your nose starts to bleed and your eyes bulge out of their sockets. Death comes just hours later. Kings 1978 novel follows the breakdown of society after a strain of the flu that has been modified to be used for biological warfare is accidentally released, killing 99% of the population. Its then up to a tiny handful of survivors to rebuild society. Comparisons between COVID-19 and Kings fictitious flu are already being made, with the author tweeting in response, Its not anywhere near as serious. Its eminently survivable. Keep calm and take all reasonable precautions.

Sheryl Sandberg This game-changing book became an international bestseller for good reason. Facebook COO Sheryl Sandberg has had decades of experience climbing the corporate ladder at successful technology startups all while balancing family life. She covers everything from how to find a mentor at work to voicing your opinion, becoming a leader in your organisation, forging an equal partnership in your home life and what true equality should look like in the workplace. Balancing light humour with solemn advice, Lean In is a call to action for personal growth that can empower women around the world to achieve their full potential.

Mark OConnell Insightful, life-affirming and slightly terrifying, this book follows OConnell as he travels the globe in search of answers regarding the impending climate apocalypse. He tours survival bunkers in South Dakota, visits the billionaires bunkers in New Zealand and interviews everyone from doomsday preppers to conspiracy theorists. With insight, humanity and wit, OConnell leaves you wondering, What if the end of the world isnt the end of the world?

David A Sinclair What if everything weve been taught to believe about ageing is wrong? What if we could choose our lifespan? The paradigm-shifting book from David Sinclair, acclaimed Harvard Medical School scientist and one of Times most influential people, reveals a bold new theory for why we age. He posits, Ageing is a disease, and that disease is treatable. At a time when the health of the world is threatened, this book will change the way you think about ageing and what we can do about it.

Jessica Anthony What does taxidermy have in common with the current American political climate? A lot, according to Jessica Anthony. Inventive, original and darkly funny, this novel examines how and why a young Republican congressman discovers a mysterious stuffed aardvark placed on his doorstep. It then leaps between contemporary Washington DC and Victorian England, where readers meet the taxidermist who stuffed the creature and the naturalist who hunted it, offering a uniquely unsettling view of how male power has evolved over time.

James McBride The National Book Award winners dazzling, spiritually rich novel opens in 1969 when a boozy Brooklyn deacon guns down a drug dealer. The incident brings together an array of social groups from the African-American and Latinx residents who witnessed the crime to the members of the deacons church as they seek to understand why the violence occurred and how it relates to the multicultural history of their community.

Quan Barry Almost 300 years after the witch trials, a Massachusetts high school field hockey team is determined to make it to the state finals. After a losing streak, their luck starts to turn around after team members begin signing their names in what might be a magical notebook. The novel evolves into a nostalgic coming-of-age story that explores the teams mission to win and their experimentation with witchcraft.

Read next: 10 podcasts to binge right now

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David Sinclair on Joe Rogan Podcast – chatting about NMN and …

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Joe Rogan interviewed Dr Sinclair for 2 1/2 hours last week, and aired on his popular podcast on Jan 29th.

We were looking forward to this for weeks, as Dr Sinclair is always a great interview and probably the most knowledgable person on the planet regarding the current state of research on NAD+.

In case youre not that familiar, research with NAD+, and compounds to boost it like NMN and NR, are showing incredible results for health and longevity.

So if you want to be amazed and excited about the potential of stopping, or even reversing damage from aging (who doesnt?) check out Joe and David having a great chat

Heres a few notes taken by our friend David, from the NAD Boosters Facebook group

33:45 The epigenome and the cause of aging. Your DNA contains all your genes and the epigenome controls which genes are actually expressed, so that a liver cell can be a liver cell and a brain cell a brain cell. Over time, cells lose the ability to read the DNA, similar to a laser trying to read a scratched CD. Cells then become dysfunctional. In older people a liver cell might show up in the brain and a brain cell in the kidney, all because its becoming harder to read the CD and the wrong genes are getting expressed. So how do you polish the CD to get the information that was easy to read in your teens and twenties restored again, resetting your age? They havent actually polished the entire CD yet but they are currently working on ways to do this in order to reset the entire epigenome back to a younger age. See further explanation of this further down at 1:51:45. Theyve already figured out how to polish parts of the epigenome and repair tissue.

43 Advances in ability to reprogram the epigenome. Clinical trials in early 2020 will focus on restoring eyesight, repairing spinal injuries and more.

1:45:40 Sinclair has a company called Metro Biotech that makes super NAD Boosters. They are testing this developmental drug (called MIB-626) along with NMN.

1:51:45 New bioage test called the DNA clock. The epigenome changes over time due to methyls that bind to the DNA. The older you get the more methyls you accumulate (sunlight and x-rays are 2 examples of many that cause methyls to bind). Sinclair compares this to scratches on a CD that make the DNA harder to read. These build up over time, causing aging. They can now read the methyls (scratches) on your DNA and give you a precise bioage. Sinclair said they believe that they can now reverse these scratches on the CD. They are testing it now to reprogram the epigenome and re-grow optic nerves as well as reverse glocoma. Published results will be soon. As mentioned clinical trials in early 2020.

1:53:30 Gives a sneak preview they are about to announce a new academy for aging research made up of the top 20 longevity scientists in the world to produce white papers and opinions, sort of like a Manhattan Project for longevity research.

The official notes from the Joe Rogan Podcast:

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NMN and NAD Reverse Aging of Blood Vessels in New Study

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Harvard professor Dr. David Sinclair reports that the NAD boosting NMN compound reverses aging in blood vessels and restores muscle strength in a new study published March 22nd. [This article firstappeared onLongevityFacts. Author:Brady Hartman.]

Using the NAD boosting molecule NMN, Dr. David Sinclairs team reversed blood vessel and muscle aging in mice, while boosting their exercise endurance. As Dr. Sinclair says

Weve discovered a way to reverse vascular aging by boosting the presence of naturally occurring molecules in the body that augment the physiological response to exercise addingThe approach stimulates blood vessel growth and boosts stamina and endurance in mice and sets the stage for therapies in humans to address the spectrum of diseases that arise from vascular aging.

The team says the achievement paves the way for similar therapies for humans and published the results of their study on March 22 in the journal Cell.

David A. Sinclair, Ph.D. is best known for his research on the NAD molecule and its role in increasing health in aging bodies. Dr. Sinclair is a professor in the Department of Genetics and a Co-Director of the Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging at Harvard Medical School (HMS) as well as a Professor at the University of New South Wales, Sydney.

In a video accompanying the new study, published by Harvard News, Dr. David Sinclair describes the compound NMN boosts levels of NAD in the bodies of aging mice, and how that restores muscle function.

Vascular aging leads to a deterioration in many organs and tissues throughout the human body, as Dr. David Sinclair says:

As we age, the tiniest blood vessels in our bodies wither and die, reducing the blood flow to organs and tissues. Vascular aging causes many diseases cardiovascular, neurological, muscle wasting, frailty, and even aging. Here at Harvard Medical School, weve reversed the process in mice, setting the stage for radical new therapies to help people. The new study has unraveled the cascade of interactions between blood vessels and muscles.

Dr. David Sinclair also describes the how aging of the cells lining our blood vessels leads to a decline in our vascular systems and muscles, saying:

Endothelial cells, which line the walls of blood vessels, are essential for the health and growth of the vessels. And as endothelial cells age, blood vessels begin to atrophy and die. Blood flow to many parts of the body diminishes, organs and tissues begin to function less well. Blood vessel demise hits muscles especially hard because muscles rely on a robust blood supply for their function. This process can be slowed down with regular exercise, but only up to a point. Over time, even exercise fails to stave off blood vessel demise and muscle loss.

The newstudy suggests that this loss of blood flow is a key driver behind age-related muscle loss and frailty. Even if we exercise, our muscles shrink as we get older, as Dr. David Sinclair says

The new findings have cracked the mystery behind this process. As our blood vessels age, they become deaf to the signals from exercise muscles. This actually leads to the muscles shrinking as we get older, and therefore were less able to exercise and grow new blood vessels. A vicious cycle indeed.

The declining levels of NAD in our bodies cause this aging process. However, using NMN to boost levels of NAD stimulates a sirtuin protein called SIRT1, asDr. David Sinclair describes

The two key players in the crosstalk between blood vessels and muscles are a molecule called NAD and a protein called SIRT1. NAD boosts SIRT 1, which in turn enables the conversation between muscles and blood vessels. But both NAD and SIRT1 decline as we age. They can no longer perform their role as the interface between muscles and blood vessels.

Finally, the researcher describes how giving the compound NMN to mice boosted their levels of NAD, producing remarkable results, as Dr. David Sinclair says,

In our new study, we gave mice NMN, a chemical compound commonly found in the body and previously shown to boost NAD levels, which in turn boosts SIRT1. These mice had better endothelial function, blood vessel growth and improved blood supply to their muscles.

The most striking effect of was a significant boost in the mices ability to exercise. The aging mice treated with NMN gained between 56 and 80 percent greater exercise capacity, compared with untreated ones by being able to run much farther on a treadmill. According to Dr. Sinclair, the mice treated with NMN had improved exercise capacity due to improvements in vascular function, saying

And what was most striking? These animals capacity for exercise improved dramatically. In fact, the old mice treated with NMN had up to 80 percent greater exercise capacity, compared with the untreated old mice.

Sinclair believes that the results achieved in mice can eventually be translated to humans, helping to counter age-related diseases with a vascular component, such as frailty, heart attack, stroke or even forms of dementia such as Alzheimers disease. As Dr. David Sinclair says in his parting words,

These results, I believe, can help millions of people who have lost their mobility, or simply can no longer exercise, either through frailty, disability or old age. This sets the stage for new medicines that will be able to restore blood flow in organs that have lost it, either through a heart attack, a stroke or even in patients with dementia.

Related: Trial suggests nicotinamide riboside (NR) may help vascular health.

Photo Credit: All images courtesy of Dr. David Sinclair / Harvard Medical School.

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Advice:This article is intended for informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for qualified, professional medical advice. The opinions and information stated in this article should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. Consult a qualified and licensed physician for the diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Experimental treatments to boost NAD such as NMN carry a much higher risk than FDA-approved ones. Dial 9-1-1, or an equivalent emergency hotline number, for all medical emergencies. As well, consult a licensed, qualified physician before changing your diet, supplement or exercise programs.Photos,Endorsements, & External Links:This article is not intended to endorse organizations, companies, or their products. Links to external websites, mention or depiction of company names or brands, are intended for illustration only and do not constitute endorsements.

Tags: Dr. David Sinclair, NAD, NMN

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NMN and NAD Reverse Aging of Blood Vessels in New Study

Health inequality in England was bad. It has got worse – The Economist

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The Marmot Review revisited ten years on

Feb 27th 2020

TEN YEARS ago the Marmot Review, a study commissioned by the government, asked a big, complicated question: why do some people in England live longer, healthier lives than others, and what can be done to reduce the gap? The answer it found was simple. Some people lived longer because they were better-off. To change this, it concluded, the government would have to reduce social inequality.

A new report by its author, Sir Michael Marmot of University College London, reviews the past decades changes. The numbers speak for themselves. In the three decades leading up to the first report, life expectancy at birth for men increased by a year every four years. Between 2011 and 2018 that rate slowed to a year every 15 years. For women the decline was even starker, from a year every five-and-a-half years to one every 28 years. And for the very poorest women, things have gone backwards. Life expectancy for those in the most deprived areas has declined by 0.3 years from 2010-12 to 2016-18. All women born later in the past decade are expected to have fewer healthy years than those born at the start of it.

Moreover, both men and women under the age of 50, particularly between 45 and 49, have seen mortality rates tick up (see chart). Sir Michael suggests that this could be related to suicide, alcohol use and rising drug toxicity, making it the British version of rising mortality rates among poor Americans, termed deaths of despair by Anne Case and Sir Angus Deaton, two economists who study the phenomenon.

What happened? The report stops short of putting the blame squarely on austerity, though it notes government spending has declined sharply in the past decade. One reason women may have suffered more than men is that spending cuts hit them harder. Research by the House of Commons library found that the majority of reductions have been borne by women, because the benefits they were likelier to receive saw deep cuts. Regional differences matter too. Poorer areas in the north are even more likely to have worse health than those in the south-east. I invite you to speculate that it is highly likely that some of these [cuts] will have had an adverse effect on health, says Sir Michael.

Yet the link between austerity and poor health is hard to pin down. David Sinclair of the International Longevity Centre, a think-tank, points out that several European countries underwent a period of austerity in the 2010s without drastically worsening health outcomes. And increases in life expectancy have slowed across the rich world, notes David Buck of The Kings Fund, another think-tank, though the slowdown in Britain has been sharper than most. Both Davids agree with Sir Michael that to improve public health governments must spend not just on health services but also on education, child support and community services. The health secretary, Matt Hancock, also welcomed the report. He said were committed to levelling up, and levelling up, and levelling up. He said levelling up four times I think, says Sir Michael, referring to the governments plan to boost poor parts of the country. And in case I hadnt got it: levelling up.

This article appeared in the Britain section of the print edition under the headline "Groundhog day"

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Southland couple join volunteers to help future proof Southland A&P Show – Stuff.co.nz

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John Hawkins/Stuff

Southland A&P Show officials Vic and David Sinclair help set up for the big event on Saturday.

Vic Sinclair has gone from anexhibitor to avolunteer to help ensure the future of theSouthland A&P Show.

After Sinclairand her children exhibited for the first timein2018, she and husband David decided to become more involved with the show.

"Events like the show can only be run by committed volunteers ... you get a lot of satisfaction from volunteer work," Vic said.

"We want the show to have a future so our kids can participatein it.

"It's something our kids can connect to and it links to the agricultural roots of Southland."

READ MORE:* Brothers and their stock in limelight at Winton A&P Show* Shaky start to life for ribbon-winning fawn* 'Suffer the consequences': Aero club committee dealing with employment dispute threatened* Southern farmer wins sheep award with Hampshire lamb gore show* Revitalised Southland A&P Show shines with new activities and events

The Sinclairs are marshalls for the entertainment and tradesections, while David is also vice-president for the 152nd show in Invercargillon Saturday.

John Hawkins/Stuff

Southland A&P Show committeemen - Noel Hamilton (50 years' service) left, Graham Calder (35) and Owen Anderson (42) - have been officials of the organisation for a combined total of 127 years.

Entertainment and business/trade displayswere sections of the show identified as expansion areasin a 2018 strategic report. The report was commissioned by the show executive.

A new marketing approachlast year saw an increase in business/trade displays, craft stalls, live musicandperformances. Numbers are high again this year and forthe first time,a lifestyle block section will be operating.

Show president Paula Bell said the report provided important information to future proofingthe annual event. It helped attract about 5000 people last year and she expecteda similar number, if not more,with fine weather on Saturday.

Meanwhile, long serving committeemen Noel Hamilton (50 years), Graham Calder (35) andOwen Anderson (42) have contributed to the showfor a total of 127 years.

"The show gives town families a touch of the country ... it lets them see what we do," Hamilton said.

Hamilton and Calder are sheep marshalls and the latter is sometimes surprised by children's comments.

"You talk to them [and somesay] they've never been up close to a sheep before," Calder said.

John Hawkins/Stuff

A caterpillar made out of hay bales, positioned at the entrance to the Southland A&P Show's venue in Invercargill, is part of the marketing for the event on Saturday. Show president Paula Bell is with Kurt Wilson who painted the caterpillar.

He and another breeder jointly owned the ram that was last year'sSupreme Champion Sheep. A ram, entered solely by Calder, won the title in 2016.

"I'd been trying for 40 years to win it and I got it.

"It makes it worthwhile when you get the top prize."

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Lifespan: The New Science Behind Anti-Aging and Longevity that Can Help You Live to 100 – Thrive Global

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Is aging a disease? David Sinclair, PhD, a professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School one of the worlds top experts on aging and longevity, thinks so.

His new book Lifespan: Why We Ageand Why We Dont Have To covers the latest research on longevity and anti-aging therapies. I was excited to read this book after listening to Sinclair on a podcast.

Sinclair believes that aging is a disease one that is treatable within our lifetimes. According to Sinclair, there is a singular reason why we age: A loss of information. The most important loss occursin the epigenome, the expression of genetic code that instructs newly divided cells what they should be.

Aging is like the accumulation of scratches on a DVD so the information can no longer be read correctly. Every time theres a radical adjustment to the epigenome, e.g. after DNA damage from the sun, a cells identity is changed. This loss of epigenetic information, Sinclair proposes, is why we age.

Scientists have discovered longevity genes that have shown the ability to extend lifespan in many organisms. These include sirtuins, rapamycin (mTOR), and AMPK.

There are natural ways to activate these longevity genes: High intensity exercise, intermittent fasting, low-protein diets, and exposure to hot and cold temperatures. These stressors, or hormesis, turn on genes that prompt the rest of the system to survive a little longer.

Researchers are studying molecules that activate longevity genes rapamycin, metformin, resveratrol and NAD boosters. Resveratrol is a natural molecule found in red wine that activates sirtuins and has increased lifespan in mice by 20 percent. NAD supplementation has been shown to restore fertility in mice that have gone through mousopause.

Sinclair believes these innovations will let us live longer and have less disease. He predicts that humans could live to 150 years of age in the near future, with average life expectancy rising from around 80 now to 110 or higher.

The best ways to activate your longevity genes: Be hungry more often skip breakfast, fast periodically for longer periods, get lean Avoid excessive carbs (sugar, pasta, breads) and processed oils and foods in general Do resistance training lift weights, build muscle Expose your body to hot, cold, and other stressors regularly.

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Lifespan: The New Science Behind Anti-Aging and Longevity that Can Help You Live to 100 - Thrive Global

Not fasting is killing us, but fasting can hurt us too. Here’s what to do. – Mashable

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There's a switch inside every cell in your body. Flip it on and you're in growth mode. Your cells start dividing but in the process, they make a lot of junk like mis-folded proteins, which help create the conditions for our biggest diseases (including cardiovascular, Alzheimer's and the big C). Flip the switch off, though, and your cells literally take out the trash leaving them clean, renewed, effectively young.

We know how to flip the switch. The trick is figuring out when. Because leaving your body in cleanup mode for too long can also be extremely bad for your health, in the much shorter term. Doing so has been the cause of anxiety, misery and disorder, for decades. It's also known as starvation.

The delicate dance of food consumption is at the heart of The Switch, a new book about new body-energy science and how it can help us live longer. Author and research scientist James Clement studies people who reach the age of 110; Harvard's David Sinclair, who recently wrote a groundbreaking book on the end of aging, is his mentor. As Clement's book hit shelves, an unrelated study in Nature confirmed its premise: mTOR (your genetic "on" switch) cannot coexist with autophagy (trash removal), and that is "implicated in metabolic disorders, neuro-degeneration, cancer and aging," the study said.

In other words: We age faster, get sicker and harm our brains when we fill the hours we're awake with food, day in and day out. Organic beings need more of a break than just a good night's rest in order to properly take out the trash. We're the opposite of automobiles. We break down eventually unless we run out of fuel. (Glycogen, which is what the body converts food into, is our gas.)

These revelations shed a new spotlight on fasting, the main way to induce autophagy (you can also kickstart it with intense exercise on a mostly empty stomach). But this is where we run into problems, and not just because autophagy literally translates to "eating yourself." (It can be hard for scientists to explain that this is actually a good thing and that all living things do it, from simple yeast all the way up to primates; we were designed to work this way by millennia of feast and famine.)

The problem isn't the science, it's the culture. For most of history, fasting was locked into human lives at a steady, healthy pace in some form of ritual, religious or otherwise. But in the modern world, we make our own rituals, and they easily shade into obsessions. This happens a lot with new diets: We get the zeal of the convert. We bore our friends to death with the particulars. And we take it too far, which in the case of fasting can be dangerous.

In a column published this week, the New York Times' veteran health columnist Jane Brody came around to the value of intermittent fasting. But she sounded a personal note of caution: "For people with a known or hidden tendency to develop an eating disorder, fasting can be the perfect trigger, which I discovered in my early 20s. In trying to control my weight, I consumed little or nothing all day, but once I ate in the evening, I couldnt stop and ended up with a binge eating disorder."

Something similar, at least to the first part of that story, seems to have happened to Twitter CEO Jack Dorsey. Last year Dorsey boasted about fasting for 22 hours, eating just one meal at dinnertime, and skipping food for the whole damn weekend. "I felt like I was hallucinating," he enthused, boasting of his increased focus and euphoria.

But as many withering articles pointed out, Dorsey's words would have triggered concern if they came from the mouth of a teenage girl since focus and euphoria can also be early signs of anorexia and bulimia. Clearly there is a tangled set of gendered assumptions at play here. "Its both remarkable and depressing to watch Jack Dorsey blithely describe a diet that would put any woman or any non-wealthy man into the penalty box of public opinion," wrote Washington Post columnist Monica Hesse.

That's not what The Switch is about. Clement doesn't endorse Dorsey's extreme approach, since the research shows benefits diminish after 16 hours of fasting. "I have friends who are bulimic, I know how serious a problem it is," he said when I raised the issue. "The kind of fasting that I'm talking about is just making sure your mTOR and autophagy are in balance."

Indeed, The Switch is a very balanced book, with plenty of nuanced suggestions for how you can make your food situation just a little bit better without making too many radical changes. (That probably explains why it hasn't taken off on the diet book media circuit, which tends to favor rules that are extreme, unusual, and headline-friendly.)

Here's a breakdown of Clement's advice.

Like most medicine, the mTOR switch is good for you if used at the correct dose, and poison at high doses. There's a reason it exists: It's your body's way of saying "times are good, let's grow muscle and fat!" Fat isn't inherently bad for you, either on your body or in your diet. Indeed, the good fats are what Clement suggests we consume the most fish, avocados, plant-based oils and nuts, macadamias especially alongside regular greens, most legumes and a little fruit.

If you're cutting down the amount of time you eat, then the content of your meals matters more. Clement himself gets good results from a meatless version of the ketogenic diet, which he says makes him less hungry but he doesn't rule out other diets that focus on good fat and fiber.

At the very least, be sure to avoid the stuff that spikes blood sugar. It will make you too hungry too soon, which will make autophagy impossible. You didn't think this whole Switch thing was going to give you permission to snarf on soda and hot dogs, did you?

Well, it does, actually just very occasionally.

Clement brings a lot of science on protein to the table, and the bad news is you're probably eating way more of it than you think you need. Animal protein flips the mTOR switch into high gear (which is why Clement is into mostly vegan keto). Sadly, so does regular dairy, and as a milk fan I found the new studies on this particularly hard reading.

But it makes evolutionary sense. Cow milk is designed to make calves grow many sizes in a short space of time, and the way you do that is by activating the mTOR pathway. So it's hard to switch into autophagy if you're chugging milk all the time. (Non-cow milks and cheeses seem to be fine, mTOR-wise.)

Which isn't to say you can't have meat and milk at all. This isn't one of those fundamentally restrictive diets we always break. Clement suggests dividing the week or month or year into growth and fasting phases. You might decide to eat as much as you want for three months of the year (which takes care of the holidays problem), say, or try doing the fasting thing for five days a month.

Whichever way you do it, the sweet spot seems to put you in growth mode around 20 percent of the time. But that's not a hard and fast number, because again, this isn't one-size-fits-all. (It certainly doesn't apply to kids, who need to grow more like calves.) I told Clement that after reading the book I was thinking of only allowing myself meat or milk on the weekends; he enthusiastically endorsed the idea.

Ready to turn on autophagy for its disease-fighting benefits? Ready to avoid doing it too much? Ready to eat more nutritious food when you break your fast? Then it's time to figure out how long you want to fast for and you'll be surprised about how little time it takes to see the effects.

The math varies from human to human, but "you only have about six to 10 hours worth of glycogen stored in your body at any given time," says Clement. "So you can actually burn through those overnight if you didn't load up with carbs in your evening meal or 11 o'clock snacks."

That provides one particularly effortless way to fast for those of us who don't wake up hungry (and if you're eating the right stuff, you generally won't). Let's say you ate your last bite at 9 p.m. and wake up at 7 a.m. Congratulations, you're already out of glycogen and in autophagy! Now the question is: how long is it comfortable for you to stay foodless, bearing in mind you don't want to go past a total of 16 hours? (In this example, that would be 1 p.m.)

You'll definitely want to hydrate immediately, of course: Sleep literally shrivels your brain. You might want to drink some coffee, which enhances autophagy (the all-time Guinness World Record oldest human, Jeanne Calment of France, took no breakfast but coffee, and died at 122). If you can stand to do so, this would be a great time to work out. Exercise seems to act like an autophagy power up; one study suggests working up a sweat might boost our cells' trash-cleaning effectiveness all the way up to the 80-minute mark.

So if you went from 9 p.m. to 1 p.m., or whatever 16-hour period suits your schedule (7 p.m. to 11 a.m. seems to be a popular one for fasters who don't make late dinner reservations, and it is easily remembered as "7-11"), then congratulations. You just did the maximally beneficial fast. Take that, Jack Dorsey.

But if you didn't? No sweat. If you only made it until 10 a.m., or 8 a.m. before needing food, your entire body still got a boost of cleanup time. And if you needed an immediate breakfast, that's fine too. Fasting doesn't have to happen every day; in fact it's imperative that it doesn't. Every morning is an opportunity to listen to your body and see if it's ready for a quick restorative food break.

Everyone who's ever tried to diet knows the terrible guilt that comes after grabbing obviously bad food, Don't stress over it, says Clement. Don't be maniacal. The whole point is to be in balance. We all need mTOR-boosting feasts from time to time. "It's fine to have one pepperoni pizza on a Sunday, or whatever," he says. So long as you're eating well most of the time and fasting every now and again, you'll see positive effects.

And if you can't fast at all and can't stop snacking? No worries, just change what you're eating. "If you switch over to snacking on either very low glycemic veggies like broccoli tops or carrots, or nuts, then you're not going to be replenishing your glycogen stores," Clement says. Stick a small bowl of almonds and blueberries in the kitchen and you'll be surprised, over time, at how little it takes to satisfy supposedly giant cravings.

That was what I learned, not from Clement's book, but from David Sinclair's. The Harvard geneticist and Clement mentor doesn't focus so much on lengthy fasts, although he takes a number of fast-mimicking supplements. His dieting approach is to simply eat less, to "flip a switch in your head that allows you to be OK with being a little hungry." For some of us, such small moves may be more effective than going all-out on a new diet.

If youd like to talk to someone about your eating behaviors, call the National Eating Disorder Associations helpline at 800-931-2237. You can also text NEDA to 741-741 to be connected with a trained volunteer at the Crisis Text Line or visit NEDA's website for more information.

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Not fasting is killing us, but fasting can hurt us too. Here's what to do. - Mashable

Letter:Deputy Is Vindicated | Opinion – Southern Pines Pilot

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Finally, the miscarriage of justice perpetrated by District Attorney Maureen Krueger against former deputy sheriff Tracy Carter as part of her 2018 political hit-job against Neil Godfrey has been rectified.

Carter has now been vindicated by the North Carolina Department of Justice and his law enforcement certification fully restored. Thanks to David Sinclair, who dug out the truth and reported it in the Feb. 5 edition of The Pilot, the public record has now been set straight. Thank you, David!

As for the rant against you and The Pilot by Mr. Zumwalt for publishing facts, everything he said is either wrong or just a flat lie and should be totally disregarded. A simple phone call will verify Tracy Carter is currently employed by Montgomery County as a deputy sheriff.

Richard Pitassy, Southern Pines

Publishers Note: This is a letter to the editor, submitted by a reader, and reflects the opinion of the author. The Pilot welcomes letters from readers on its Opinion page, which serves as a public forum. The Pilot is not in the business of suppressing public opinion. We are a forum for community debate, and publish almost every letter we receive. For information on how to make a submission, visit this page:https://www.thepilot.com/site/forms/online_services/letter/

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BOYS SWIMMING: Chargers take fifth at WCC Championships; look ahead to sections – Crow River Media

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The growth of a team can be hard to measure throughout a season. There are many factors that come in, especially in swimming when so much depends on the times.

Last year at the Wright County Conference Championships, the Dassel-Cokato/Litchfield boys swimming team didnt hit 200 points. This time around, the Chargers hit it and then-some, scoring 219 points to finish fifth.

I thought we did amazing today, a lot of drops in time, junior Jackson Resop said. We got a couple of upper placements... that was really good for our team morale.

There were only two top-five finishes for the Chargers. Logan Christopherson came in third in the 100 breaststroke and Russell Wesa took fifth in the 100 backstroke. Christopherson also had a 10th place finish in the 200 IM.

Resop was the other individual swimmer that had top-10 placements. He took sixth in the 50 freestyle and eighth in the 100 butterfly.

All A-team relays had top-10 finishes as well. The medley team of Resop, Christopherson, Joe Carlson, and Jacob Huhn had the best finish with sixth place.

For a young team with no seniors, there was a lot of promising teamwork going on with the Chargers. The team has come a long way and on Saturday it showed up on the sideline.

Everybody was cheering each other on, Christopherson said. There was a lot of team spirit. Overall (it helped) everybody dropped a bunch of time, so thats good.

A conference championship might be cool, but so is doing well in sections and having a chance of making state. Thats where the Chargers find themselves. The goal of the swimming season is to have your best times of the season show up at sections, and hopefully its enough to get you into a state event. With the time drops exhibited Saturday, the Chargers are confident in the direction results are going. But they also know that there is still work that needs to be done.

I think just banking on seeing where were at, and just looking at how we swam today and doing the drill work to improve, Riley Defries said on where he thinks the team needs to improve. If were doing bad in a certain area, work on that at practice the whole time.

But overall, with the results of sections still pending, the Chargers have a lot to be excited about heading into next season with the whole team coming back.

Itll definitely grow and I know were going to have to push ourselves, Resop said. Were going to have to get ready. Were going to have to mentally prepare. But we have the effort, weve just got to put it in.

DC/L next competes in the Section 3A championship beginning with prelims at 5 p.m. Friday, Feb. 21, at Hutchinson. The finals begin at 1:30 Saturday, Feb. 22. Fellow WCC team Hutch will be in attendance at the section meet, along with Monticello, Princeton, Rocori, St. Cloud Apollo, Willmar and Montevideo.

2020 Boys Wright County Conference Championship (Feb. 8)

1. Hutchinson 563, 2. Delano-Watertown-Mayer 514, 3. Orono 371, 4. Waconia 350, 5. Dassel-Coakto/Litchfield 219, 6. Mound Westonka 157

200 medley relay (17): 1. Hutch A (Conner Hogan, Noah Tague, Tristin Nelsen, Dane Thovson) 1:43.13, 6. DCL A (Jackson Resop, Logan Christopherson, Joe Carlson, Jacob Huhn) 1:52.08, 10. DCL B (Max Haataja, Colin Tormanen, Elijah Slinden, Russell Wesa) 2:08.97, DCL C (William Carlson, Justice Borg, Joseph Kotila, Steven Mengelkoch) 2:22.84, 14. DCL D (Elliot Fluck, Nick Pofahl, Aiden Berube, Mick Gallagher) 2:32.57, 16. DCL E (Ben Johnson, Ty Movrich, Evan Johnson, Jack Unze) 2:59.60

200 freestyle (26): 1. Colby Kern (D) 1:48.50, 12. Emmanual Johnson 2:07.59, 14. Riley Defries 2:07.70, 15. Isaiah Kalis 2:09.01, 19. Anders Borg 2:23.53, Elijah Slinden 2:40.98, Zach Stockland 2:59.50

200 IM (20): 1. Josh Johnston (MW) 1:58.90, 10. Christopherson 2:19.87, 15. Joe Carlson 2:27.98, 19. Tormanen 2:52.56

50 freestyle (53): 1. David Sinclair (W) 21.94, 6. Resop 24.39, 11. Wesa 25.91, 14. Huhn 26.44, 20. Gallagher 28.39, Movrich 30.22, William Carlson 30.68, Berube 32.10, Mathias Sliden 32.71, Fluck 33.53, Unze 34.26, Evan Johnson 34.28, Ben Johnson 48.92

1 mtr diving (7): 1. Alex Oestreich 413.60

100 butterfly (15): 1. Samuel Sinclair (W) 54.49, 8. Resop 1:02.41, 12. Joe Carlson 1:05.69

100 freestyle (41): 1. David Sinclair (W) 48.18, 11. Defries 57.75, 18. Huhn 1:01.32, 19. Mengelkoch 1:01.79, 20. Anders Borg 1:03.29, Fluck 1:17.05, Unze 1:17.54, Evan Joohnson 1:20.06, Mathias Slinden 1:20.26, Stockland 1:23.37

500 freestyle (21): 1. Matthew Krogman (W) 5:07.09, 16. Emmanual Johnson 5:48.69, 18. Kalis 6:01.52, 19. Haataja 6:09.02

200 freestyle relay (22): 1. Hutch A (Hogan, Oestreich, Nelsen, Matthew Olberg) 1:33.36, 9. DCL A (Resop, Joe Carlson, Huhn, Emmanual Johnson) 1:43.16, 10. DCL B (Tormanen, Wesa, Mengelkoch, Defries) 1:46.54, 17. DCL D (Elijah Slinden, Stockland, Kotila, Berube) 2:07.87, 21. DCL E (Anders Borg, Evan Johnson, Mathias Slinden, Ben Johnson) 2:35.94, DCL C (Gallagher, Justice Borg, Pofahl, Kalis) DQ

100 backstroke (22): 1. Nick Black (D) 54.23, 5. Wesa 1:06.29, 13. Haataja 1:15.38, 15. William Carlson 1:21.01, Mengelkoch 1:16.88, Movrich 1:28.42

100 breaststroke (27): 1. Johnston (MW) 59.80, 3. Christopherson 1:06.10, 13. Justice Borg 1:20.97, 14. Tormanen 1:21.64, 15. Pofahl 1:22.06, Kotila 1:33.24

400 freestyle relay (17): 1. Waconia A (Krogman, Samuel Sinclair, Nathan Sannito, David Sinclair) 3:24.08, 8. DCL A (Defries, Emmanual Johnson, Kalis, Christopherson) 3:53.86, 13. DCL B (Anders Borg, Haataja, Gallagher, Justice Borg) 4:22.94, 16. DCL C (Elijah Slinden, Berube, Pofahl, William Carlson) 4:54.77, 17. DCL D (Stockland, Unze, Movrich, Kotila) 5:06.27

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BOYS SWIMMING: Chargers take fifth at WCC Championships; look ahead to sections - Crow River Media

Diane Francis: Treating aging like a disease is the next big thing for science – Financial Post

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LOS ANGELES Extending everyones life in a healthy fashion is one of many goals held by Peter Diamandis, a space, technology, aeronautics and medicine pioneer. But the new field known as longevity is of interest to everyone.

One hundred will be the new 60, he told his Abundance360 conference recently. The average human health span will increase by 10+ years this decade.

He, like others in Silicon Valley, believe that aging is a disease and the result of planned obsolescence, or the wearing down of, or damage to, certain critical mechanisms, sensors and functions within our bodies. Longevity research is about identifying the core problems to mitigate or reverse them.

The average human health span will increase by 10+ years this decade

Peter Diamandis

The exponential technologies of artificial intelligence, machine learning and computational heft have been harnessed, and have resulted in breakthroughs and clinical trials that are just a handful of years away from deployment on human patients. The main areas of research include: Stem cell supply restoration, regenerative medicine to regrow damaged cartilage, ligaments, tendons, bone, spinal cords and neural nerves; vaccine research against chronic diseases such as Alzheimers; and United Therapeutics that is developing technology to tackle the organ shortage for humans by genetically engineering organs grown in pigs.

New tools are accelerating the development of new, tailor-made medicines at a fraction of todays costs. Alex Zhavoronkov of Insilico Medicine told the conference that drugs take 10 years and cost $3 billion to research and 90 per cent fail. But his company can test in 46 days using human tissue, then model, design and produce in weeks with the help of advanced computing.

In regenerative medicine, advances appear to be arriving relatively soon. For instance, Diamandis asked the audience if anyone was awaiting a knee replacement operation and suggested that they might be better off postponing these until 2021 when regenerative medicine innovator, Samumed LLC in San Diego, is expected to complete phase three clinical trials of cartilage regeneration.

Samumeds founder, Osman Kibar, said his company has successfully injected a protein that activates nearby stem cells into producing new cartilage in a knee or a new disc in a spine. Preliminary success has also occurred to regenerate muscle and neural cells, retinal cells, skin and hair. Not surprisingly, the private company just raised US$15.5 billion to continue research and product development.

Another hot area of early stage research is called epigenetic reprogramming or identifying how to reverse deficiencies in proteins, stem cells, chromosomes, genes that repair DNA and damaged cells. A leader in this field is David Sinclair, professor of genetics at the Harvard Medical School, whose new book Lifespan: Why We Age and Why We Dont Have To explains the science and offers advice.

Aging is a disease, and that disease is treatable, he said. As research progresses toward actual corrections or cures, there are also lifestyle habits that can slow down the aging process, or avert damage. For instance, he said humans should replicate some behaviour that their bodies were designed for. Obviously, exercising and sleep are necessary but so is eating less often. You should feel hungry regularly, he said.

Another condition that is useful to emulate is hormesis, a scientific term for what Neitzsche posited which was that that which does not kill us makes us stronger. Sinclair recommends stressing our bodies with temperature changes such as going from a hot sauna to rolling in the snow. This invigorates the bodys processes and cells.

Theres also xenohormesis or gaining benefits from eating plants that have been environmentally stressed, therefore contain more beneficial nutrients. For instance, drought-stressed or wild strawberries have better flavour but they also are enhanced with additional antioxidant capacity and phenol content.

The age of 100 is easily in sight now, said Diamandis. And kids born today can expect to live to 105.

Financial Post

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Kelty Hearts 4-1 Caledonian Braves: Third straight defeat for Braves – Motherwell Times

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Caledonian Braves losing streak stretched to three games as they fell to a 4-1 defeat at Lowland League leaders Kelty Hearts on Saturday, writes Roy Campbell.

Early on, Braves Ross McNeil capitalised on a mix up in the Kelty defence but couldnt keep his knock on from crossing over and out of the pitch.

Nathan Austin then forced Alex Marshall into a great double save to deny the leagues top goalscorer McNeil an early opener.

Marshall was again called upon as he kept out Stephen Husbands fizzed effort before making a remarkable save from a Matty Flynn volley.

The effort was only six yards from goal and hit with pace but Marshy was able to get the slightest of touches to put it onto the bar.

McLaughlin was next to try from distance but fell short before Kelty would open the scoring.

The ball was sent forward to Austin who had time to turn from the byline inside the box and unleash a fantastic strike which thundered into the back of the net.

Craig Quinn came close just before half-time but his shot headed straight at the keeper.

Into the second half and there was another Kelty goal. Austin rose highest in the box and his downward header went into the bottom corner of the net.

Following this Kelty would stroll to the victory. Dylan Easton popped up next with the third.

A great turn on the edge of the box preceded a shot which deflected off David Sinclair and nestled into the opposite corner.

A fourth came a minute later. The Braves defence attempted to play Austin offside but the Englishman had time and space to loop the ball over the oncoming Marshall to grab his hat-trick.

Substitute Serge Makofo did however grab a consolation goal for the Braves.

Makofo showed great work-rate to win the ball from Thomas Scobbie on the byline, cut inside and slot past the Kelty keeper.

This was a tale of two halves as the Braves fell to defeat in Fife.

Braves welcome Civil Service to Alliance Park this Saturday 8, 3pm kick-off.

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Meet the people who think soaking in a frozen Minneapolis lake is the secret to good health – Minneapolis Star Tribune

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Ponce de Lens search for the fountain of youth in Florida is just a legend.

But about 1,500 miles to the north, in the icy waters of Cedar Lake in Minneapolis, dozens of people think theyve found the next best thing.

On a recent Sunday around 9:30 a.m., a diverse group of about 20 people dressed in swimsuits trekked to a spot near the shore on the west side of the lake and immersed themselves in an 8-by-12-foot rectangular hole cut in the ice. Later in the day, another group of people gathered to do the same thing.

This isnt a once-a-year, get-in, get-out, New Years Day plunge for Instagram bragging rights.

This is something that happens every Sunday throughout the winter.

Some people come several times a week, and stay for a good, long soak of five, 10, 15 minutes or more. Except for the knit hats, they look like they could be relaxing in a hot tub as they stand in water that ranges from waist- to neck-deep.

Called cold therapy or cold thermogenesis, ice-water bathing is a practice that biohackers and assorted others believe makes them healthier.

The Twin Cities Cold Thermogenesis Facebook group, which was created in 2016, claims the frigid dips do everything from increase testosterone in men to boosting brown adipose tissue. (The so-called brown fat or good fat may be helpful in combating obesity because it burns calories to create heat.)

Cold-water immersion also strengthens the immune system, according to Svetlana Vold, a part-time firefighter and ultramarathon winter bike racer from St. Louis Park, who organizes the Sunday morning cold-immersion session.

Vold and others say chilling out in the water combats inflammation, helps them sleep better and improves their focus and endurance. Some said theyre inspired by Wim The Iceman Hof, a Dutchman famous for his breathing and cold exposure technique called the Wim Hof Method.

The Cedar Lake group would probably meet the approval of David Sinclair, a Harvard genetics professor and longevity expert who thinks that cold exposure may help slow the aging process.

Maria OConnell, the organizer of the afternoon session, has been immersing herself in an ice-filled horse trough in her backyard since 2011. Initially its a little uncomfortable, she said. You end up getting better the more you do it.

But many say the frigid dunks are a mood-altering, even pleasurable experience.

It hurts so damn good, said Stephen McLaughlin, a 61-year-old Minneapolis resident. You are just completely present.

It makes me happy. I think its adrenaline, said Allison Kuznia, 42, of Minneapolis.

Its kind of a treat to go out and get really cold, said Nick White, 46, of Minneapolis. It gives you a feeling of euphoria.

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Meet the people who think soaking in a frozen Minneapolis lake is the secret to good health - Minneapolis Star Tribune

BOYS SWIMMING: Tigersharks top Waconia in conference dual – Crow River Media

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The Hutchinson boys swimming and diving team defeated Waconia 91-81 Thursday night.

Conner Hogan had a great meet for the `Sharks. Hogan won the 100 freestyle and had the best time in the backstroke. He also helped both the 200 medley and 200 freestyle relay teams take first.

Same with Noah Tague. Tague won the 200 IM and helped the 200 medley relay team take first.

Mattew Olberg came in first in the 500 freestyle and helped the the 200 freestyle relay team come in first as well.

Alex Oestreich just missed out on 200 points in the diving competition with 199.95.

The `Sharks had a large enough lead going into the backstroke that they exhibitioned the final three races.

This was a nice warmup for them before they head down to Minneapolis and take on True Team State meet on Saturday at the Jean K. Freeman Aquatic Center at noon.

Hutchinson 91, Waconia 81 (Jan. 23)

Individual Results:

200 medley relay: 1. Hutch A (Conner Hogan, Noah Tague, Tristin Nelsen, Alex Oestreich) 1:45.86, 3. Hutch B (Riley Yerks, Devon Bode, Gabe Stassen, Dane Thovson) 1:53.49

200 freestyle: 1. Samuel Sinclair (W) 1:50.71, 2. Matthew Olberg 1:53.35, 3. Thovson 2:02.83, 4. Max Einck 2:04.19

200 IM: 1. Tague (H) 2:09.22, 3. Nelsen 2:13.65, 5. Stassen 2:24.32

50 freestyle: 1. David Sinclair (W) 22.14, 2. Bode 24.09, 3. Oestreich 25.24, 4. Charlie Jenum 25.87, Ben Becker 26.44

1 mtr diving: 1. Oestreich (H) 199.95, 2. Cameron Wagner 183.80

100 freestyle: 1. Hogan (H) 51.42, 2. Yerks 57.73, 4. Wagner 59.70, Becker 1:03.22

500 freestyle: 1. Olberg (H) 5:09.89, 3. Thovson 5:24.79, 5. Einck 5:40.79

200 freestyle relay: 1. Hutch A (Hogan, Oestreich, Nelsen, Olberg) 1:37.56, 2. Hutch B (Stassen, Anthony Witte, Jenum, Einck) 1:44.54, 4. Hutch C (Jackson Kramer, Grant Kropp, Ethan Field, Wagner) 1:51.50

100 backstroke: 1. Alex Kearney (W) 1:07.51, Hogan 1:01.78, Yerks, 1:08.00, Witte 1:08.08

100 breaststroke: 1. David Sinclair (W) 1:03.70, Tague 1:06.91, Bode 1:07.44, Jenum 1:12.65

400 freestyle relay: 1. Wac A (Nathan Sannito, Lars Johnson, Samuel Sinclair, David Sinclair) 3:35.70, Hutch A (Olberg, Thovson, Tague, Bode) 3:40.62, Hutch B (Einck, Jenum, Field, Yerks) 4:00.59, Hutch C (Wagner, Carter Johnson, Kramer, Witte) 4:10.32

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Last surviving Viking-inspired boat that served a now- abandoned island goes up for auction – The Scotsman

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It was modelled on the great Viking boats once found in the seas around Scotlandbut it lay broken on a beach for years after an enormous bull, who was being transported to the mainland, got a fright and put its hoof through the bottom.

Now, one of the last surviving examples of the Original Stroma Yoles is being sold at Sotheby's auction house next month after its remains were collected from the shore and painstakingly restored over a 20-year period.

The boat, called Bee, is expected to fetch up to 15,000 when it goes under the hammer with it being sold by The Berwickshire Maritime Trust, who have used it to teach traditional sailing skills to young people.

READ MORE: The eerie photographs of the abandoned island of Stroma

Built in 1904, the Bee is Nordic in design and closely related in shape to the Shetland Yoal and Sgoth Niseach of the Outer Hebrides, which were commonly used in the Orkney Islands and around the north of Scotland from the 8th and 9th centuries until well into the 20th century.

The people of Stroma, a tiny now-abandoned island which sits between Caithness and Orkney, took the Yole design and made it larger, fuller and heavier to cope with the treacherous waters of the Pentland Firth with the Bee serving as the island's only livestock boat for more than 50 years.

READ MORE: The odd case of the mummified bodies of Stroma

Lucy Brown, Head of Sothebys Edinburgh Office, said: The hull of Bee is one of the last remaining examples of the original Stroma Yoles.

"Sadly, so many wooden boats simply rot away but Bee was built to survive. Her design was purpose built for her environment; today, the tradition of building boats to suit local conditions has almost vanished, making Bees survival even more significant.

"That proceeds from the sale will benefit a maritime trust dedicated to the promotion of seafaring is a fitting follow-on chapter to Bees 100-year history.

Bee was built at Harrow near Mey in 1904 and registered to the Port of Wick in 1912 to owners 'David Sinclair and other residents of Stroma'.

The main occupations of islanders, which was abandoned in 1962, were long line fishing for cod and crofting.

In Anne Houstons book Lest We Forget Canisbay, there is a description of Bee being used to transport a horse to the island. The charge for transporting a beast was one shilling and it took 12 strong men to load horses or cattle onto the boat.

In 1941, a bull belonging to the Department of Agriculture was being transported back to the mainland aboard Bee

when the animal took fright and put its hoof through the bottom of the boat.

The crofters had to return to the island in a hurry and Sutherland Mason, who was a young boy living on the island at that time, remembers all the local families were given a joint of beef.

He also remembers Bee lying damaged on the beach at Stroma for many years.

When the island was abandoned, so was Bee but the boat was later rescued and bought in 1968 from descendants of the original owners for 1 and towed to the mainland for repair.

Bee was restored and cared for by John William Laird, Stan Anderson and Colin Heape with the boat now moored in Eyemouth Harbour.

She has sailed to the Summer Isles, through the Caledonian Canal, to Cromarty and Nairn on the Moray Firth and to the Portsoy Traditional Boat Festival.

Bee will be sold at the Sotheby's Art of Travel online auction, which from December 2 to December 12.

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OZY Takes You Ahead of the Curve in Science and Technology – OZY

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As we approach the last days of 2019, OZY is proud to celebrate being first first to bring you stories about scientific breakthroughs, life-changing tech and researchers working at the forefront of their fields. From virtual reality to robots, blockchain to breast cancer, science and tech are racing forward at a breakneck pace and OZY is right there to keep you informed. Today were devoting OZYs Daily Dose to recent articles in which we were ahead of the curve in science and technology.

As part of our Robots of Tomorrow series, we reported on how fitness firms are turning to artificial intelligence to offer affordable, personalized at-home training, relying on technological advances unavailable at the start of the decade.

Venturing farther into the health and wellness space, we introduced you to David Sinclair, a genetics professor at Harvard whose lab is working to develop a drug that interrupts the aging process, with an eye toward preventing age-related diseases such as cancer, dementia and osteoporosis. OZY was the first to show you a new fabric that promises to slim your body and to consider what impact AI might have on reversing the climbing rates of suicide (which hit a 50-year high in the United States in 2017). Now, artificial intelligence, machine learning and natural language processing are spawning a growing number of startups that are tailoring mentalhealth care to an individuals needs and circumstances in ways unimaginable just five years ago.

The next AI frontier? Academia. With evidence that graduation rates at U.S. universities have been plummeting for half a century, colleges are turning to artificial intelligence and data crunching to help turn the tide by using predictive tools to reach students and address their concerns faster, at times even before the students approach college authorities withtheir problems. AI has even found its way onto your plate via apps and personalization platforms that use artificial intelligence to give restaurant brands and their customers the option to customize their menu and food choices.

And for those who prefer to cook at home but dont relish the drive to the grocery store? OZY was the first to report on a growing number of designers working to bring the grocery store (or office or retail shop) to you. Think of it as a future where spaces for retail, play and work will deliver whatever you order like autonomous cars, but bigger.

In our global coverage of science and tech, we wrote about Chinas turn to robot policing; Brazil, where leading researchers and academics are fleeing the nation in record numbers, hobbling the countrys sciences while helping those abroad; and Togo, where entrepreneurial youth are using rudimentary engineering skills to develop printers, robots, computers and games all from electronic waste.

As another year comes to a close, we celebrate the advances and innovations that science and technology make possible. Theres much more to come in 2020, so stay tuned, OZY fans.

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David Sinclair Supplements For Anti-Aging – What He Takes & Why

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David Sinclair is a professor of genetics at the forefront of anti-aging research.

I've taken note of his work, and as someone extremely interested in maximizing my longevity and vitality, I have incorporated a couple of his daily supplements into my own routine that I wasn't already using.

These are the supplements and drugs he uses to preserve his youth.

David Sinclair's takes 500 mg of Resveratrol with yogurt upon waking up.

Resveratrol is a natural phenol produced by plants when they are under attack by pathogens, or in response to injury.

It is essentially produced as a defense mechanism, and interestingly enough, when humans ingest it, it is purported to produce a similar hormetic that activates certain longevity pathways.

In addition to Resveratrol, David Sinclair takes one gram (1,000 mg) of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) at the same time each morning with his homemade yogurt.

David takes raw NMN powder, but NMN is also available in tablet form.

A common misconception is that NMN is the same as NR (Nicotinamide Riboside), and they are often confused with one another.

The main difference between the two is the molecule size, which will likely impact how it is absorbed and assimilated.

People often get confused between the two and they'll buy NR supplements, and think that they're getting NMN, but that's often not the case.

I'm not going to say one is superior to the other because NMN has less data on it than NR.

NR is the one that has human trials to show that it boosts NAD+ a significant amount.

There's going to be more data coming on NMN in the near future, but for now, NR seems to be a more predictable bet in terms of choosing between the two.

Obviously, David Sinclair has a lot of confidence in NMN as he's using the research chemical on himself, which I'm not against personally.

It all comes down to risk tolerance when using anything without sufficient human data.

The mechanism of action of both NR and NMN essentially boil down to the fact that they can significantly boost NAD+ levels in the body, which is something that the body produces significantly smaller amounts of as you age.

By supplementing with an exogenous NAD+ precursor and boosting levels up to that of a young health adult, it is theorized that one can maintain healthier cell function in the body in old age and lower the incidence of disease, degradation, and a decline in quality of life.

Personally, I use Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) because it is more cost effective right now, and it has human data to back up its efficacy and safety profile.

I take 2 servings of ResveraCel per day as of now.

ResveraCel is a NR supplement that also contains Resveratrol and Trimethylglycine (TMG).

Something less commonly spoken about is that TMG may be essential to use as a methyl donor alongside NR or NMN, depending on your genetic predisposition, in order to prevent deleterious effects from occurring.

In addition, David Sinclair takes Vitamin D-3 with vitamin K2.

First of all, I can tell you right now that contrary to popular belief, you're not going to get enough Vitamin D from the sun outside, regardless of how long you're out there.

It's very likely that you're going to need to supplement with it.

I highly advise you get a blood test to see where your vitamin D levels are at (I recommend getting a comprehensive health panel while you're at it).

HOW IT WORKS1. Click blood test link above and it will redirect you to Private MD Labs Website

2. Select Male Athletic Anti-Aging Panel and add to cart

3. Add a Vit D, 25 Hydroxy test to it

4. Use DC15 as a discount code for 15% off

They will email you a form that you will print out and take to the nearest Labcorp for the blood draw (the site will guide you to the nearest lab).

Then they email you the results within about 3 business days.

Vitamin D is crucial and a super cheap supplement too.

Get your blood test, see where you're at, and then create a protocol based on how much you need.

Personally, I take 8,000 IUs of Vitamin D-3 per day.

8000 IUs would be considered a mega-dose by many, but this is what it puts my blood work at:

As far as a Vitamin K2, that's something that you can get from egg yolks, butter, dark chicken meat, cheese, Natto, and a variety of other foods.

However, I do not believe that most people are hitting their requirements for Vitamin K2, and certainly not the vitamin K2 homologue MK-7.

MK-7 is thought by many to be the most beneficial Vitamin K2 homologue.

There is an abundance of information all over the web that can be overwhelming to take in.

My advice would simply be to hit the daily requirements for all of the Vitamin K homologues.

Vitamin K2 is the only vitamin that's proven to support arteriosclerosis reversal, the attenuation of further arterial calcification, and scavenging plaque in the arteries.

A high menaquinone intake reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease.

Vitamin K Dependent Proteins and the Role of Vitamin K2 in the Modulation of Vascular Calcification: A Review

Vitamin K-Antagonists Accelerate Atherosclerotic Calcification and Induce a Vulnerable Plaque Phenotype

Dietary Intake of Menaquinone Is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: The Rotterdam Study

Vitamin K Status and Vascular Calcification: Evidence from Observational and Clinical Studies

Effect of vitamin K2 on progression of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification in nondialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3-5.

Vitamin K2 is responsible for getting calcium into where it's supposed to go in the body and preventing calcification in the arteries,

If you're deficient in vitamin K2, you're not going to have sufficient assimilation of that calcium into where you want it to be, and you may experience arterial calcification if your diet model supports it (most diets aren't optimized to avoid this).

I would advise a 1 soft gel of the Jarrow Formulas Vitamin K-Complex per day.

If you've seen my other articles on health supplements, you'll know that I've used this product for a while now.

It's one of the main supplements that you should religiously take, especially if you're a bodybuilder.

K2 is a more obscure vitamin that not a lot of people look at seriously, but it's one of the most important ones in my opinion.

David Sinclair also takes a Statin, which is not a supplement, it's a prescription drug for modulating lipids/cholesterol levels.

I don't advise that you haphazardly take a Statin just because David uses 0ne.

There are natural ways to improve your lipid profile, and you may not even have a poor one to begin with.

Again, this is only something that would be recommended by your doctor based on your current blood work should you have a genetic predisposition to poor lipids that cannot be corrected via diet, supplementation and lifestyle changes.

David Sinclair also takes 1 gram (1,000 mg) of Metformin per day.

He started with 500 mg per day, and then he bumped it up to one gram.

One of the main side effects of Metformin is impaired digestion, so I'm assuming that's why he started lower and titrated up to 1 gram.

Metformin is a drug that is typically given to type II diabetics to increase insulin sensitivity and control their blood sugar.

Chronically elevated blood sugar and insulin levels are thought to be one of the main causes of cancer, microbiome disturbances, and cardiovascular disease.

This all stems back to diets including crappy food and sugar, and things that spike inflammation in the body, thus causing:

If you get your insulin sensitivity up, it will not only help lower the incidence of the aforementioned issues, it promotes a healthier body composition as well.

There are a myriad of benefits that come from being insulin sensitive.

This includes muscle growth potential.

If you're weight training and eating in a calorie surplus, you will gain a far more favorable ratio of muscle to fat if you are insulin sensitive as opposed to if you had insulin resistance.

Insulin acts as a nutrient transporter in the body, and if you have severe insulin resistance, you will assimilate nutrients very poorly and experience countless negative consequences, not only on your health, but your body composition and results in your athletic endeavors.

Getting as insulin sensitive as possible is not just conducive to health and longevity, it's also something that's going to improve how you physically look, as well as how lean or how muscular you can get.

I thought David Sinclair would have some massive supplement stack.

I use more supplements than him, which surprised me.

It just goes to show what areas he feels hold the significant majority of importance.

Obviously, he has a lot of confidence in this NAD+ theory and Hormesis.

Insulin sensitivity is also greatly taken into account because he's not diabetic, but he's taking Metformin anyways.

Of the supplements and drugs mentioned, I take Resveratrol, a NAD+ precursor (NR as opposed to NMN), Vitamin K2 and Vitamin D.

Although NMN looks very interesting, I'm waiting for more clinical data to emerge on that before I incorporate it into my protocol.

Metformin is also something I've looked at personally.

I haven't incorporated it yet, but it is something I'm seriously looking at myself.

My fasting glucose levels are always spot on and I have great insulin sensitivity as is, so I have to weigh out the risk:reward of me using it.

Related

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David Sinclair Supplements For Anti-Aging - What He Takes & Why

What Does David Sinclair Eat and Supplement? (2019 …

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You might have heard about Dr. David Sinclair on the Joe Rogan Experienceand you are now curious about what does he eat and what supplements he does take.

Together with Dr. Rhonda Patrick, he is one of the main proponents of wholesome food eating to delay aging.

In this post, you will get all Dr. David Sinclair' anti-aging tips so that you can slow down your own aging.

David Andrew Sinclair (born 1969 in Australia) is a biologist and professor of genetics. In the longevity circles, he is known for supporting resveratrol (one of the compounds found in red wine) as a supplement to slow the aging process.

What Companies Does David Sinclair Own?

Dr. David Sinclair is co-founder of several biotechnology companies (Sirtris Pharmaceuticals, Genocea Biosciences, OvaScience, CohBar, MetroBiotech, ArcBio, Liberty Biosecurity) and is on the boards of several others (most notably Shaklee).

Is David Sinclair Legit?

Yes, David Sinclair is legit. He holds a PhD from the University of New South Wales (Sydney, Australia) and is a Full Professor at Harvard where is working since 1999. He is author of hundreds of peer-reviewed scientific publications.

Is David Sinclair Vegetarian?

David Sinclair is not vegetarian. Nevertheless, he limits his red meat consumption because it contains Trimethylamine N-oxide which is associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

What Does Dr. David Sinclair Eat?

As you are interested in extending your life span, you might be interested in knowing what David Sinclair eats so that you can also gain some benefits.

David Sinclair's diet consists of:

What Supplements Does David Sinclair Take?

The anti-aging doctor keeps it simple when it comes to longevity supplements.

Here the list and dosage of anti-aging supplements that David Sinclair takes (from the Joe Rogan podcast):

He has been taking resveratrol for 12 years while NMN and metformin for about 3.

To properly absorb resveratrol make sure to have some fat when you take it. For example you can have some whole milk, full fat yogurt, or some nuts.

Due to a family history of high cholesterol, he also takes a statin but it doesn't mean that you need as an anti-aging supplement.

Watch out: NMN can be pretty expensive!

Where Can You Buy Metformin?

To get metformin, you would need a prescription from your doctor. This is not always easy to come by as it depends from doctor to doctor to make the final call.

As alternative, you can substitute it with berberine which you can easily find on Amazon.

Why NMN For Longevity?

Calorie restriction is the best "therapy" against aging.

You can imagine, though, that it's not sustainable as a long term solution not only because you'd be constantly hungry but also because you'd be malnourished.

When we get older, our levels of NAD+ decline. Calorie restriction, can reverse the decline of NAD+.

The problem of NAD+ is that if you were to take it (either as a pill or inject it), it is poorly absorbed by the cells. This means that it cannot work.

Interestingly, when older mice were fed NMN, they had the same NAD+ levels of younger mice. Cool, isn't it?

Supplements He Does NOT Recommend

There are some supplements that Dave Sinclair does not recommend either for safety reasons or because they can accelerate aging:

David Sinclair Workouts

David Sinclair runs one to two times per week at fairly high intensity on the Assault Fitness AirRunner.

Two to three times per week he does resistance training and boxes. No specific details are available at the moment. He frequently uses a sauna in conjunction with a cold bath.

David Sinclair Longevity Tips

David Sinclair Book

If you have found Dr. David Sinclair' tips valuable, you will just devour his book: "Lifespan: Why We Ageand Why We Don't Have To".

In the book he goes in great detail on how we can slow down, or even reverse, aging. Check it out on Amazon.

David Sinclair on Joe Rogan's Podcast

David Sinclair on Rich Roll's Podcast

David Sinclair on Peter Attia's Podcast

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What Does David Sinclair Eat and Supplement? (2019 ...

Man with string of convictions in his native Poland came to Perth to set up drug den – The Courier

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A drug dealer who moved from Poland to set up his Scottish housing association flat as a drugs hub has been jailed for four and a half years.

Kamil Morawski who was described as refreshingly honest by a sheriff yesterday will also face extradition at the conclusion of his prison term.

Morawski, who has a string of Polish convictions, bluntly told police who raided his Perth home that he was a drug dealer and had been in business for months.

Perth Sheriff Court was told Morawski was given a housing association flat when he moved to Scotland and used it to set up a large-scale drug den peddling ecstasy, speed and cannabis.

Morawski, 31, was found with 40,000 worth of drugs after converting the flat into the centre of his drug dealing operation.

The father-of-one who had served prison terms in his homeland for drug-related crimes was caught with nearly two kilos of speed.

As well as the amphetamine worth nearly 20,000, he had more than 1,000 ecstasy tablets and more than a kilo of cannabis in the McCallum Court flat. When his home was raided by police, Morawski told them he was a drug dealer and had been selling a cocktail of illicit substances for several months.

Depute fiscal Charmaine Gilmartin told Perth Sheriff Court: He has offended previously in Poland but has no previous convictions in the UK.

This took place in a two-bedroom flat owned by a housing association. The accused was the sole tenant but resided with his partner and child.

The police received intelligence that the accused was supplying drugs from his home. A drugs search warrant was granted.

Mrs Gilmartin said 1,120 ecstasy tablets were recovered with a potential value of 11,200, along with 1,945 grams of amphetamine worth 19,450.

The total cannabis recovered weighed 1,309 grams and had a maximum value of 13,090.

Morawski had also stuffed more than 5,000 in cash under his mattress.

The accused gave full answers, stating that he was a drug dealer and sold cannabis, amphetamine and E.

He stated he had been dealing for around six months for financial gain. He said his partner had no knowledge or involvement.

Morawski, a prisoner at Perth, admitted three charges of being concerned in the supply of cannabis, amphetamine and ecstasy between January 31July 31 this year.

Solicitor David Sinclair, defending, said Morawski first arrived in the UK in 2010 to work on a farm but had since returned to Poland and served jail time.

Mr Sinclair said: He was seeking to improve his familys life and took a short way of doing so.

Sheriff Lindsay Foulis said: You have held your hands up and accepted responsibility at the earliest stage. You do not shy away from taking responsibility.

Nor do you try and mask your reasons for your actions in any way and such honesty, to put it bluntly, is refreshing.

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Man with string of convictions in his native Poland came to Perth to set up drug den - The Courier

Aging as a preventable disease and why living to 100 should be easy – Genetic Literacy Project

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Science is investigating some intriguing clues suggesting that aging and death may not be as inevitable as we thought.

David Sinclair believes aging is a disease, the most common disease, and he believes it should be aggressively treated. His bookLifespan: Why We Age and Why We Dont Have Towas published in September 2019.

He believes a loss of information is the singular reason why we age. Not just digital information, but epigenetic information that is analog rather than digital. He characterizes the genome as a computer and the epigenome as software. The genetic information is the same in every cell; the epigenome is what instructs a cell to develop into a kidney cell rather than a heart cell.

Experiments with stem cells and cloning are intriguing. Gene therapy shows great promise but there are ethical concerns. Genetic analysis and new technologies are making great strides.

If even a few of the therapies and treatments that are most promising come to fruition, it is not an unreasonable expectation for anyone who is alive and healthy today to reach 100 in good health. [Sinclair said].

Read full, original post: Aging: Is It a Preventable Disease?

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Aging as a preventable disease and why living to 100 should be easy - Genetic Literacy Project