Manchester Half Marathon 2022 in pictures as thousands race along sunny streets of Greater Manchester – Manchester Evening News

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Kris Jones came out on top with an incredibly quick time of 63 minutes and 46 seconds

Around 11,000 runners descended upon a gloriously sunny Trafford this morning (Sunday October 9) for the Manchester Half Marathon. Competitors and spectators alike were treated to perfect weather and gorgeous blue skies for the 13.1 mile run through the streets of Sale, Stretford, and for the first time ever, Manchester city centre.

Kris Jones, of Swansea Harriers, came out on top with an incredibly quick time of 63 minutes and 46 seconds. James Tilley (Nantwich) and Chorlton's own Tom Charles came second and third respectively.

James' dad Neil Tilley was bursting with pride as he spoke with the Manchester Evening News after watching his son get silver. He said: "I'm so proud. It's his first year of proper marathon running and that's the fastest I've ever seen him. He came 25th in the full marathon earlier this year but this is his best result in a major race over here."

Stockport Harriers runner Mollie Williams won in the women's category for a second year in a row, with an impressive time of 73 minutes and 29 seconds. David Sinclair took the wheelchair half marathon crown, finishing in 84 minutes and nine seconds.

Competitors' friends and family created a great atmosphere throughout, with many bringing signs and cheering their loved ones on, while Manchester music from the likes of Oasis, Courteeners and M People blasted out of the PA system speakers at the start and finish lines.

Plenty of runners donned fancy dress and ran for charities, with the highlight probably being The Justice League's Wonder Woman, The Flash and Batman, running alongside Avenger Captain America. Despite athletes trying to better their own personal records, a couple of competitors stopped to help a runner named Andy Matthews over the line, when it became clear that he was struggling.

A gallery of photos from the race can be found below:

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Manchester Half Marathon 2022 in pictures as thousands race along sunny streets of Greater Manchester - Manchester Evening News

Authorized Biography Of The Rolling Stones Charlie Watts Launched In London – uDiscover Music

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The new authorized biography of late Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts was launched at a special event on Friday night (16) at south Londons Sound Lounge venue.

Charlies Good Tonight: The Life, The Times and the Rolling Stones, by music writer, broadcaster, uDiscover Music contributor, and longtime Stones chronicler and interviewer Paul Sexton, has the approval of Watts family and is endorsed by the band themselves.

It features forewords by both Mick Jagger and Keith Richards and a prelude by former band manager and producer Andrew Loog Oldham, and was published in the UK on Thursday (15) by Mudlark/HarperCollins. US publication follows on October 11, after which it will be out in the Netherlands on October 24, Spain in November and numerous other countries next year.

The launch evening combined live performances with audio and video celebrating the life and work of one of the most admired musicians in the worlds of both rock and jazz. A core live band featured guitarist and Sound Lounge co-founder Keiron Marshall, bassist Terry Peaker, and drummer Nigel Appleton, with guest appearances by David Sinclair, leader of his own David Sinclair 4; rock singer Helen Hurd; Danny George Wilson, of UK Americana Award-winning bands Danny and the Champions of the World and Bennett Wilson Poole; and his frequent collaborator on guitar, Paul Lush.

The location of the venue, one block away from the pub in Sutton formerly called the Red Lion, where the Stones played many early gigs both before and after the arrival of Watts and Bill Wyman in the line-up, was reflected in the opening live tracks. Chuck Berrys Bye Bye Johnny, with lead vocals by Sinclair and also featured on the DS4s new Apropos Blues album, was on the Stones first, self-tjtled EP in January 1964; Slim Harpos Im A King Bee, with vocals by Marshall, was on the groups debut album three months later.

Later tracks performed on the night included another Berry composition, Let It Rock, again featuring Sinclair; Time Is On My Side and Mixed Emotions, both with Wilsons lead; Tumbling Dice, featuring Hurd, and a closing return to the Stones R&B roots with Ride Em On Down, the Eddie Taylor song covered by the band on their chart-topping 2016 album Blue & Lonesome.

Interspersed with the live performances were tracks from albums by the Stones and from Watts various jazz projects, selected videos, and excerpts from Sextons interviews with the band, whom he has been interviewing since the early 1990s. Guests at the event, featured in the book, included Watts tailor and shoemaker respectively, Dario and John Carnera, and Nettie Baker, daughter of Ginger, with whom Charlie had a lifelong friendship.

Listen to the best of the Rolling Stones onApple MusicandSpotify.

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Authorized Biography Of The Rolling Stones Charlie Watts Launched In London - uDiscover Music

David Sinclair: How to Change Your Diet to Live Longer – NAD

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In the second podcast based on his book LifeSpan, Dr. Sinclair talks about the science behind how fasting and eating certain foods promote longevity.

Highlights:

In the second podcast episode of Lifespan with Dr. David Sinclair, he and co-host Matthew LaPlante discuss how we can live longer by changing the way we eat. They guide listeners towards a path to longer living by examining how we can change our eating habits to live longer, all while explaining the relevant science.

If three words could sum up how to live longer by changing our eating habits, Dr. Sinclair would say, eat less often. This does not necessarily mean consuming fewer calories but packing in the calories within a shorter period. In fact, we need calories to avoid malnourishment and starvation.

Why eat less often? For Sinclair, it started with a study showing that the lifespan of dogs could be increased by reducing their caloric intake. This study inspired Dr. Sinclair to pursue his research on aging, where he has since found similar results in yeast. Theres a genetic pathway that gets triggered by low energy, says Sinclair. We consume less energy and activate enzymes called sirtuins by consuming fewer calories.

At his lab at Harvard Medical School, Dr. Sinclair and his team found that low energy activates sirtuins by causing our cells to make NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), which sirtuins use as fuel. NAD+ was shown to increase the lifespan of yeast, which is one of the reasons why so many people now take NR (nicotinamide riboside) and NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) supplements, which boost NAD+ levels.

In addition to sirtuins, another molecule important for longevity is mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), except this one is better if not activated. Many animal studies show that decreasing mTOR increases lifespan. Sinclair explains that this is due to autophagy, where old proteins are recycled to make new ones. In humans, drugs that inhibit mTOR, like rapamycin, boost immunity and cause biochemical changes that mimic fasting and predict longevity.

The final longevity molecule discussed by David and Matthew was AMPK (AMP-activated kinase), an enzyme that goes up in response to low energy. One function of AMPK is to make more mitochondria, which decrease as we age and are vital for cell survival. In humans, the type 2 diabetes drug metformin activates AMPK and has been shown to reduce age-related disease.

We must fast to eat less often and regulate sirtuins, mTOR, and AMPK. Dozens of human studies have shown that fasting is beneficial for longevity. A Baylor College of Medicine study showed that fasting improved blood pressure, reduced BMI, decreased weight circumference, and, importantly, Sinclair says, upregulated DNA repair proteins. He explains that diseases like type I diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), and even cancer benefit from fasting.

Those three defense components [sirtuins, mTOR, AMPK] of the cell take care of the body, not just for aging, but to fight diseases in young people, middle-aged, and genetic diseases, says Dr. Sinclair.

David and Matthew go over three primary ways of fasting: the fasting-mimicking diet, intermittent fasting, and time-restricted feeding.

The fasting-mimicking diet involves lowering mTOR activity by reducing the consumption of branched-chain amino acids. For this diet, the time window for eating isnt as rigorous. Sinclair says, you want the body to be in a state of perceived adversity. He explains that in a clinical trial, the fasting-mimicking diet was shown to help cancer patients survive and get over chemotherapy quicker.

Intermittent fasting is going longer than a day without eating. This can go on for days or weeks, although Dr. Sinclair says, he wouldnt go longer because youll start chewing up your muscle. These long fasts turn on autophagy. Once youve gone beyond three days, your metabolism switches into whats called chaperone-mediated autophagy, the deep cleanse.

Time-restricted feeding, which involves not eating for at least 16 hours within 24 hours, is Dr. Sinclairs preferred fasting method. Sinclair explains that your liver will start making glucose at a steady level after a few weeks, so there wont be large spikes of insulin that put you in a glucose deficit and make you tired.

Which fasting method is best? David and Matthew proclaim the importance of genetics when it comes to fasting. A mouse study showed that caloric restriction shortened the lifespan of more mice (based on genes) than it lengthened. This means that caloric restriction probably does not work for everybody. Sinclair also says that fasting isnt easy, but its worth it. The trick, he says, is to fill yourself with fluids.

For me, constant coffee, tea, hot water, all the way through the day. Being hydrated and filled with liquid takes away any feeling of hunger.

In the last portion of the conversation, David and Matthew go over what we should eat to live longer. First, they go over what not to eat: sugar and meat.

Dr. Sinclair says that sugar is bad because it will reduce longevity, lead to type 2 diabetes, and possibly cause cardiovascular disease. It also shuts off AMPK and sirtuins. In other words, with high sugar, your defenses against disease and aging are minimal.

The Harvard scientist explains that red meat is non-beneficial. It is suitable for athletes or bulking up, but when looking at the evidence, high protein, carnivorous, red meat-based diets are not beneficial for a longer lifespan. High protein will shut off sirtuins, and the branched-chain amino acids in meat activate mTOR, inhibiting autophagy.

What should we eat? Dr. Sinclair himself is now a vegetarian if that tells you anything. Also, in the 2013 Adventist Health study, it was calculated that vegetarians live longer than non-vegetarians. Additionally, in a study on women, the Mediterranean diet (mostly vegetarian with some fish) decreased biological aging.

That fasting or eating the right foods, like the Mediterranean diet not just to slows down the ticking of the clock, but probably reverses your age is a mind-blowing concept, says Dr. Sinclair.

Why are plant-based foods good for us? Dr. Sinclair and Dr. Konrad Howitz published a paper in Nature showing that plants contain molecules called polyphenols, which activate the sirtuin enzyme Sirt1 and cellular pathways important for health and longevity.

As told by Dr. Sinclair, the takeaways of this podcast are to (1) eat less, (2) avoid sugar, (3) reduce meat intake, and (4) eat more of a plant-based diet, like the Mediterranean diet. He mentions that a study of elderly subjects in Spain showed that you could change your diet until the age of 80 and still get the benefits, so its not too late for many of us to change our eating habits to help us live longer lives.

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David Sinclair: How to Change Your Diet to Live Longer - NAD

Don’t Listen to Intermittent Fasting Influencers, The Science Doesn’t Back It Up – InsideHook

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There is no benefit to eating in a narrow window.

Thats according to Dr. Ethan Weiss, a diet researcher who spoke with The New York Times about a new study published in The New England Journal of Medicine, which concluded that popular time-restricted diets have no tangible impact on weight loss. Researchers split 139 obese volunteers into two groups the people in one group were only allowed to eat between the hours of 8 a.m. and 4 p.m., while the others were encouraged to eat at any time of the day. Each group observed the same calorie range: 1,200 to 1,500 a day for women, 1,500 to 1,800 a day for men.

By the end of the study (which lasted an entire year), both groups had lost an average of 14 to 18 pounds. There was no difference in weight-loss success, and no tangible disparity in secondary biometrics either. Results of analyses of waist circumferences, BMI, body fat, body lean mass, blood pressure, and metabolic risk factors were consistent with the results of the primary outcome, according to the study.

These findings might come as a bit of a shock to intermittent-fasting devotees, whove been instructed by YouTube influencers to skip breakfast, cut out nighttime snacking and stuff the entirety of ones consumption into an eight-hour window. To be clear, the authors arent saying that method isnt effective in promoting weight loss theyre just confirming the fact that it doesnt work any better than purposeful eating spaced out evenly throughout the day.

Ultimately, calorie restriction is the ace in the hole, not time restriction. Most of the scientific support for time-restricted eating was already somewhat flimsy (focusing on the concept that ones metabolism is most active during waking hours). This study reorients the focus to the importance of simply eating less.

Considering what we know about stringent diets far too often, they can trigger a what-the-hell effect, where the dieter steps out of line once, and then decides to dive headfirst into binge eating some conscious calorie restriction seems a better recipe for success than banning breakfast. Interestingly, Weiss who has done similar research as this new study out of Guangzhou, China actually used to observe time-restricted diet himself. Hes since abandoned it.

This study also calls to mind some wisdom from Harvard geneticist Dr. David Sinclair, who spoke to us about the shaky premise of time-specific intermittent fasting a couple years ago.

One other thing: people claim that there is an optimal intermittent fasting protocol. The truth is, we dont know what the optimal is, he said. Were still learning, and its individual. There are individual differences in all of usWe do know that if yourenever hungry, if youre eating three meals a day and snacking in between, thats the worst thing you can do. It switches off your bodys defenses. Some fasting is better than none.

While this study assessed calorie restriction through the paradigm of short-term weight loss, Dr. Sinclair runs a lab that obsesses over lifespan and longevity. Take it from the man who knows what it takes to live to 100 its crucial that you cut back on chomping. Just dont feel compelled to do so at exact hours of the day.

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Don't Listen to Intermittent Fasting Influencers, The Science Doesn't Back It Up - InsideHook

David Sinclair Post-2022 Canyons by UTMB 100k Interview – iRunFar

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While David Sinclair might be best known for his shorter-distance mountain running, his second place at the 2022 Canyons by UTMB 100k shows his competitive diversity. In our first interview with him, David gives us the blow-by-blow of his all-race duel with Adam Peterman, the experience of sharing his Western States 100 Golden Ticket with fourth-place Rod Farvard, and where else well see David compete in 2022.

For more on what happened at the race, check out ourCanyons 100k resultsarticlefor the play-by-play and links to other post-race interviews.

iRunFar: Meghan Hicks of iRunFar. Im with David Sinclair, the second-place finisher of the 2021 Canyons Endurance Runs by UTMB 100k. Hey, David.

David Sinclair: Hi, Meghan. Thanks for being out there and covering the race today.

iRunFar: Yeah. That was really fun. We usually try to do these interviews in person, but you live over the pass in Sierra Nevada and you went home and scrubbed the poison oak off your legs after the race.

Sinclair: Yeah. Im pretty beat up and wanted to get home and shower.

iRunFar: When you live that close, I would go too.

Sinclair: Yeah, its pretty nice to have it right in the backyard there.

iRunFar: Yeah. You had a heck of a race today. How do you feel about it?

Sinclair: Im pretty ecstatic at how it went. Its always tough moving up in distance. Id never raced over six and a half hours and 50 miles before. So, this was the most vert and just the hardest, most competitive ultra Id been in. So I was really psyched when I ran strong pretty much the whole way. We were running well under course record pace the whole first two thirds of the race. And I kept thinking, I know this is going to catch up with me eventually. And it did right about halfway up the Deadwood climb. I started tightening up and had a couple little dark miles as I was thinking maybe Im going to cramp up and have to just walk it all the way in. But I was able to hang on pretty well.

iRunFar: So, talk a little bit about the beginning of the race. Its one of those dark starts flying off the line, flying through the early morning type thing and the terrain is pretty runnable early. So maybe give us the rundown of the first 15 or 20 miles.

Sinclair: It was just a huge group, but right from the start 20, 25 guys Doing six-minute miles out there and its just pretty runnable, gradual downhill, that first four. And so my original game plan was to hold back and be patient, but I was feeling pretty good, so I found myself never too far off the front. Feeling good, trying to keep it in check a little bit. So it was a fun, big pack. A few people were getting ahead on the climbs and I find Im a pretty good downhill runner, so I kept getting a little behind on the early climbs and working my way back up on the rolling and gradual downhills. But it felt just really comfortable. It was fun to run in a group and just absolutely gorgeous morning with the cool weather and nice fog. Its cool as you get up above the river to look down. So just really fun running through Drivers Flat there.

iRunFar: Im really glad you got to see that scene because for us spectators, that fog in the American River Valley, and the sunrise, and the moon, was just unreal this morning.

Sinclair: Yeah. I couldnt ask for a better day for a race. The rain down there actually made it really nice, runnable. It didnt seem too muddy at all, and just crisp and cool, which was the nice thing for me. Because I living up in Truckee, I dont think I had maybe three runs that have been above 60 degrees so far this year. So it was a real blessing to have it be a nice, cool day.

iRunFar: Awesome. I think there was still a pack of five or six of you guys at Cal 2, 24 miles into the race, but then things really splintered on the climb up to Foresthill. Can you talk about that part from your point of view?

Sinclair: Yeah, it was a pretty close pack and I was running I found myself in the front through Drivers Flat, running with Adam Peterman and I think it was Daniel [Jones] from New Zealand and Adam was feeling good, so I let him do most of the leading and took the lead a couple times on some of the hills where I was feeling good. I was saying, Why not? At that point, I still felt really good, lets see what we can do. And we, working together, finally opened up a gap there into Foresthill. And I pushed right through without stopping at the aid station Foresthill, and finally found myself in the lead for a little bit. So down to the river crossing there, I could see Adam was just 30 seconds behind me.

Sinclair: And so, I pushed it up to Michigan Bluff and got a little bit of a lead there. And then finally about mile 40 coming to the Deadwood aid station, I started just tightening up and I look back and theres Adam again. And I go, Oh no. There goes my shot at the win. And he came just flying by me. So that was the darkest patch of the race there, the climb past the Deadwood aid station.

Sinclair: We hit snow for the first time and it was sloppy for a mile. And then I finally got a second wind on the way down, but I was really hurting the last 12 miles. So, luckily I had stashed some trekking poles in my drop bag at the Deadwood aid station and with the legs on the edge, I grabbed those trekking poles and just tried to use my arms as much as I could to get up the last nine-mile climb, which just felt like it kept going on and on. And I had no idea, I kept getting splits that I was 5, 8, 10 minutes back on Adam. And I was like, Okay, just keep on moving and try to hold on to second.

iRunFar: And it never became an issue of anybody behind you. Nobody ever Jared didnt get close, I dont think.

Sinclair: He was pretty close at the end there. I was never really getting any good splits. So I had no idea how close he was.

iRunFar: You were running a little scared or

Sinclair: I was just running as far as I could without The last four miles there, back in the slush, it was these icy cold puddles and your tight legs. So, the icy cold water, youre like, How hard can I go without making my legs totally seize up? So I never really looked back. I just kept my head down and kept using my arm as much as I could to get to the finish and kept getting, Okay, its two miles to finish. I think I can do this. I think I can do this. And then, it felt like it was a minute or two and he came across and I was like, Oh, that was closer than I realized. If there was much further, I think he wouldve had me.

iRunFar: Interesting. A lot of people came to this race in search of a Golden Ticket, but there was a really cool moment at the finish line where you demured a little bit about the ticket and then you handed it over to fourth place finisher Rod Farvard. So you were not seeking a Golden Ticket at this race, you were here for other things.

Sinclair: I mostly wanted to do it because its in my backyard, its such a cool, competitive race. To get a little experience moving up to a 100k and try it out was my main goal. And I knew that I had a shot at top three and I was like, Oh, its tempting. I definitely want to run in Western states in the future, but Im already planning to try to run the Broken Arrow races, even closer to my backyard, three miles down the road. And maybe going to try to go to Europe and run Marathon du Mont-Blanc. So, Ive got a bunch of cool things on the calendar.

Sinclair: So, I think Western States will have to wait. And so when I saw Rod come across the finish line having an awesome race I think hed passed one or two people on the final climb to move up into fourth and hes really wanting to run Western States. So when I saw that I was like, This is the right thing to do. I dont need to go home and think about it for two weeks. And its the right decision for me to wait. Hopefully in the future, Ill be able to get into Western States and give it a real shot.

iRunFar: That was a really cool moment. It was win-win for everybody and it was a really fun to spectate that type of thing. You dont always get to see that type of interaction. That was really cool.

Sinclair: Yeah. As soon as I did it, I knew it was the right call to see the smile and the joy in his face. So, I was based on how I felt coming across the finish line, I was like, 40 more miles plus. Im not someone who likes the heat, so I dont know. Yeah. But good luck to Rod. Ill be rooting for him.

iRunFar: Thats awesome. Last question for you. You said instead of States, your 2022 is going to include the Broken Arrow races, Marathon du Mont-Blanc. What else are you going to do this year?

Sinclair: Yeah, everythings a little up in the air. Kind of depends how the legs come around and how everything is feeling. I might do the Speedgoat in July, its one of my favorite real mountain races, so signed up for that. And then Ill probably try to finish the three races out of the Golden Trail Series. So, since there are two in the US this year, thats a great opportunity. So, Im going to try to do the Pikes Peak ascent and then the race down in Flagstaff, Sky Peaks. So those are the big ones on my agenda. Might apply or try to see if I get a spot on the Worlds [World Mountain & Trail Running Championships] team too.

iRunFar: Right on. You got a busy year.

Sinclair: Yeah. So lots of races on the calendar. So, theres lots of great races to do.

iRunFar: Plenty to do. Well, congratulations on your second-place finish at Canyons 100k today. That was really fun to watch.

Sinclair: Thanks so much, Meghan.

Continued here:
David Sinclair Post-2022 Canyons by UTMB 100k Interview - iRunFar

David Sinclair Supplements (2022 List) | Brands for Anti-Aging!

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David Sinclair gained a lot of popularity with his recent appearance on the Joe Rogan Experience, especially as he discussed such a poignant topic as life extension.

But is anti-aging something we can consider?

Can we fight death?

Not exactly. We can fight the negative effects of aging; we can look younger, and feel better for longer periods of time.

Thats Davids promise.

In the latest news, Sinclair, along with other European and US researchers has established the Academy for Health and Lifespan Research.

And, although hes 50 years old, his biological age is 31.

His antiaging research, his energy, and his focus, plus his appearance could convince anyone that what hes saying is legit.

However, remember to consult your GP before trying anything because all these products may interfere with pre-existing conditions.

RECOMMENDATION (Good For Daily Energy & Longevity)

In My Personal Experience & According to Countless Anecdotal Evidence It Provides Energy and Vigor Throughout The Day & Scientifically Shown to Raise NAD Levels. Now. (.).

David Sinclairs 1 gram of NMN and 0.5 g of resveratrol in the morning is mixed with yogurt; Studies showed that resveratrol absorption was 5 times lower if without fat. He doesnt mention a specific brand David takes the products below. He does take the resveratrol leftover from clinical trials. He prescribed some of these molecules to his mom and dad too, and even his family dogs!

Below are 3 longevity supplements David takes: Metformin, NMN, and Resveratrol, and more

NMN and Nicotinamide Riboside elevate your NAD levels. (Tru Niagen is The Best Replacement for MNM, it is considered to be more effective in raising NAD levels. I recommend considering Tru Niagen (Nicotinamide Riboside) products instead of NMN)

NAD helps your body make more energy. When you age, your cells make more NAD.

So not only do you feel more tired, your cells cant function properly because they dont have the energy they need.

Thats why David advocates supplementing with NMN to increase your NAD levels, even though theres no scientific consensus on this either.

David mixes his NMN into yogurt, so you need to find a powdered version.

Alive By Nature NMN Sublingual Powder is one of the best NMN powders on the market. Its 100% natural and vegan, with over 99% purity, no GMOs, and no gluten.

It works better if you place it under your tongue, though. The belief is that way the NMN can enter your bloodstream immediately, bypassing the liver, although this approach isnt fully researched yet.

The only downside is that quality NMN like this one is quite expensive, especially if you want to take 1g/ daily like Dr. Sinclair.

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Remember how everyone used to be hyped about red wine? Thats because of all the resveratrol found in the grape peel.

It was assumed that because grapes have this anti-aging substance in their peel, you can drink red wine and youll live a longer, healthier life.

Now we know thats not the case because youd have to drink hundreds of bottles of wine per day for resveratrol to work.

Thats how concentrated resveratrol supplements emerged. That is controversial, but well discuss that below.

We, the plebe, have to look on Amazon. To make sure you get a product thats similar to what he is using, you can read a paper published by one of his companies, Sirtris Pharmaceuticals, which was testing micronized resveratrol.

Micronized resveratrol increases the blood resveratrol levels almost four times.

As per these podcasts notes at Rich Roll, he recommends RevGenetics M98 Micronized Resveratrol. This is a legit company that has been selling resveratrol supplements since the early 2000s.

This product is micronized, so the molecules last longer in your bloodstream.

The powder form is user-friendly, as you can mix it with your shakes or yogurt.

With a 98% purity and high potency, the only downside of this supplement is how much it costs.

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Vitamins D3 and K2 are both involved in proper calcium absorption in your body. That way, calcium can go straight to your bones instead of blocking your arteries.

Sports Research Vitamin K2 + D3 with Organic Coconut Oil is one of the best choices that I discovered.

These concentrations mean that each capsule is very potent and efficient.

Keep in mind that the DRA for vitamin D3 is 600-800 iu per day, but vitamin D3 is easily excreted through the urine, so you need a bigger supplementation.

Even so, consult your GP before taking a D3 supplement, especially if you have pre-existing conditions.

Your GP might prescribe anywhere between 1000 iu to 5000 iu daily.

That said, this supplement:

The only con is possible bloating, but thats just the effect of D3. This supplement from Sports Research causes fewer GI problems than other D3 supplements on the market.

.

Metformin is not a new appearance in the pharmaceutical market. Medical practitioners have known about metformin for a century, and they began studying it in the 1950s.

A plant-based drug, metformin is extracted from French Lilac, and its used in managing diabetes, considering it can decrease blood glucose.

Considering that metformin has all the advantages, and none of the risks, its no wonder that it looks appealing to fight aging.

All the other anti-aging products are nowhere near this tested and with so much patient-related data.

Can metformin fight old age?

Metformin is involved in the AMPK cellular pathway activation, which leads to:

Metformin can improve your metabolism, keep your cells healthy, and eliminate unhealthy ones.

However, metformin is a prescription drug, and most doctors prescribe it only for type 2 diabetes, not for general health and longevity.

Dr Peter Attia write on metformin and exercise. Really interesting. Do not take it the same day/time as your exercise!!!

In a podcast with Joe Rogan, he says hes been taking statin since his twenties because he has high cholesterol in his family.

Statins are prescription drugs that:

Side effects include:

These side effects are more common for over 65-year-old females and people with diabetes.

Statins interact with grapefruits, which block certain enzymes that help your body metabolize statins.

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Dr. Sinclair explains how NMN supplements work in a Joe Rogan Experience podcast.

He explains that diseases and age-related deterioration are caused by certain genes, called sirtuins.

NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) is a type of molecule that activates sirtuins, meaning NMN supplements can prevent disease, give you more energy, and reduce the negative effect of aging.

NMN boost NAD levels, and sirtuins need NAD to work properly.

NAD, aka nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, is a coenzyme that assists your metabolism, so your cells have more energy to function and to fight diseases.

People cant take NAD directly because its a larger molecule that cant be metabolized easily. NMN is smaller, so its easier to absorb.

David has been taking 1g of NMN/ day for the last three years.

Studies show that the risk-free dose is 1-2g/ day. Some side effects can include mild GI distress, tiredness, and light headaches.

Benefits:

Apart from taking all of the products mentioned above, David does intermittent fasting. He mentions both on his blog and in his book called Lifespan: Why We Ageand Why We Dont Have To that you can live longer if you dont overeat.

He believes that old age is a disease that can be treated through nutrition. Intermittent fasting and calorie restriction improve your metabolism.

As such, your cells have more energy to keep the healthy ones alive and to kill the unhealthy ones. Accelerated metabolism also reduces inflammation and oxidative stress, which have been linked to chronic diseases.

David also exercises frequently:

David recommends using sauna and cold baths together, to accelerate your metabolism and improve heart function.

While David generally tries to get all the vitamins and minerals he needs from his diet, he does still take some supplements daily. Specifically, hes talked about taking:

In Davids book Lifespan, he mentions taking vitamin D3 daily. Vitamin D is a vital micronutrient and is thought to exercise an important effect on at least 200 of our genes. Its relatively scarce in foods, and so we rely on sunlight for producing adequate quantities. If youre not getting much sunlight, then it can be necessary to supplement it.

David doesnt name on the record what brand he uses, or how much he is taking, he discusses in the podcast with famous Dave Asprey that he needs 2,000iu per day at the minimum.

David suggests taking Vitamin K2 in his book.

Vitamin K is a crucial micronutrient that performs a vital role in the capacity to form blood clots and to move calcium throughout the body. It comes in two various forms, K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone). K1 is the most plentiful in a western diet, found in leafy green vegetables. Vitamin K2 is located in fermented foods, which are less prevalent in a western diet. A source thats unusually high in K2 is fermented soya beans.

Sadly, many people are low in K1, and hence may have low levels of K1 to maintain sufficient calcium transport

So where does the vitamin K2 supplementation come in?

Vitamin K1 is used in the liver, and K2 appears to be prioritized for use in the periphery, which will support calcium transport.

David suggests taking alpha-lipoic acid. Not to be confused with alpha-linolenic acid that is a source of omega-3 fatty acids, frequently found in seeds. Alpha-lipoic acid is found naturally in a specific food, and when ingested, is used in the cells as a cofactor in mitochondrial energy metabolism.

David states in the interview with David Asprey that he gets Coenzyme Q10 due to the fact that he is taking statins. He doesnt explain why he takes Q10, but hes likely referring to a study that proposes that statins may decrease coenzyme Q10 levels in the blood. He just states that he gets a large pill daily. Q10 supplements are generally taken in the 100 to 200mg range.

Davids diet is shaped by his caloric restriction principle. He also avoids foods that impact metabolism and affect the glycemic index.

As weve mentioned before, NAD is a helper molecule that fuels some of the most important biological processes in your body, like:

NAD levels plummet with old age. Very low NAD levels are correlated with Alzheimers, diabetes, cardiovascular issues, and vision impairment.

Thats why taking NAD precursor supplements like those manufactured by Metro Biotech can help you age gracefully.

In the words of David, resveratrol steps on the accelerator pedal of the sirtuin enzymes.

In the same JRE podcast cited above, David explains that there are plenty of mice studies that show resveratrol improves their health/longevity and lengthens their lifespan.

David says that you need NMN for resveratrol to work because NMN is the fuel that sirtuins need. You cant accelerate sirtuins if they dont have enough energy to work.

The problem with sources is that NMN is not naturally occurring. The human body normally makes glycine, a type of amino acid that is similar to the NMN in order to produce energy. While there is a relatively small amount of glycine in our body, there is sufficient to produce a very mild, long-lasting antidepressant effect, but not enough to produce a noticeable improvement in mood. Similarly, those seeking a more powerful NMN effect may want to look at the pharmaceutical brands that are available, such as Evista recommended by Rhonda Patrick. In many ways, NMN is similar to the way that omega-3 fatty acids can reduce inflammation in the body. While we can consume the omega-3 fatty acids ourselves, the body cannot make NMN on its own and thus must rely on diet and supplements to obtain them. To supplement with NMN, it is best to start with a relatively low dosage of less than 100mg per day, which you can digest without the body having to break it down into a different form.

Ways to get a glucose-lowering effect from eating plant foods. A good habit to incorporate into your lifestyle is consuming protein with each meal. Protein promotes weight loss by increasing metabolism. For most people, a combination of protein and plant foods is most effective for weight loss. In addition, to help minimize carbohydrate cravings, a protein snack can be a good idea every 3 hours. I know of several things that have helped people get some lower-glycemic foods in their diet. Some of these include: Tracking and logging food intake. Dietary fats and protein control. Eating organic foods. Fiber. Lots of vegetables. When working with clients, I like to remind them that weight loss and health are better than any kind of diet. Even a diet that may seem good on paper is not good for long-term health. You cant fix your overall health with a diet unless you add exercise, physical therapy, and other lifestyle modifications. It takes a lifestyle change to heal, and a diet wont necessarily do that.

Evidence that dietary Nicotinamide mononucleotidesupplementation with nicotinamide riboside (NR) might be an effective strategy for modulating glucose-6-phosphate cycle kinase in type 2 diabetes has sparked a great deal of enthusiasm.2,4,10,15 In particular, clinicians have been encouraged by the recent findings of Lozada et al8 who found that NR supplementation (3 g/day) significantly improved glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose tolerance, and fasting glucose (BG) in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), following 10 weeks of treatment.3 Other recent trials have shown NR is an effective strategy for insulin and glucose control in T2D and type 1 diabetes in children, adolescents, and adults,3,4,6,10,12,14,1519 and has also been found to have beneficial effects.

Folk medicine suggests that the consumption of bonemeal can help the body fight age and protects the organism from diseases. They are popularly called bioneers in India. Some research has also revealed that this substance can slow down the progression of heart and blood vessel diseases and can even prevent the occurrence of high blood pressure. Even more than that, the people who are consuming this low-calorie food have also been found to be able to lower their risk of cancer.

Given the above-mentioned facts, you should definitely take a closer look at the ginseng and beechwood extracts. According to a new study published in the journal Nature Medicine, they have the ability to extend the life of rats by 30 percent. In addition, the rats that were given a mix of these ingredients have also shown a reduction in the number of carcinogenic compounds in their urine, cholesterol levels, and even blood sugar. So, how exactly can these substances prolong our lifespan? Well, they contain compounds called flavonoids. They protect your cells from damage and have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Were learning more about the health of the body in order to become the healthiest, leanest, and happiest that we can be. The truth is, we really dont know all that much. The human body is the most complex machine in the world, and to fully understand and reverse aging, wed need to understand the secrets behind every single aspect of the process. However, thats not the case. 1 cup of coffee in the morning, green tea after that. This I especially troubling to many because it means that as we age, we continue to experience a body that grows more complicated in order to stay functional for longer than we would like. One fact of the family history is for certain: for as long as the human race is on this planet, it will need to know about the body.

If the body gets sick, it keeps us alive. It takes care of us. One of the best ways to achieve health, happiness, and longevity is by strengthening the body and nutrition. Consider the health benefits of eating an alkaline diet. Benefits of an Alkaline Diet. Simply put, an alkaline diet is a diet that is alkaline in nature. This means that you are eating foods that arent too acidic. As we age, our bodies become more acidic which can be caused by inflammation.

Trying to think of ways to enhance your health by taking a supplement of something is certainly great, but it also usually comes with a risk that youll be able to make a very good excuse not to take the vitamin or supplement in the first place. Now, there are situations when it is advisable to take two or more supplements at the same time, but most of the time, you should try to limit your supplement with methyl groups to only one of them, or maybe, the supplements are supposed to work as a combination.

If you are taking another supplement, be careful to take it at the same time, preferably at the same time every day, if not right after you take your first supplement. A lot of different types of vitamins can affect each other, and if you put them together, they can become more effective than they would be on their own.

Yes, the medical consensus is that resveratrol is safe.

However, theres no consensus on whether or not it works.

In 2006, he co-wrote a paper on the benefits of resveratrol. Resveratrol is a stilbenoid found in the skin of grapes in low amounts. Studies have shown that resveratrol can reduce the risk of heart disease, cancer, and neurodegeneration. David Sinclair believes that resveratrol works synergistically with NMN. Resveratrol is needed to activate the sirtuin genes.

Excerpt from:
David Sinclair Supplements (2022 List) | Brands for Anti-Aging!

Woman’s ‘nasty’ skin infection most likely caused by swimming in sea after shaving legs – Stuff.co.nz

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A woman whose nasty skin infection was most likely picked up during a swim in the sea on Aucklands North Shore believes it is unacceptable that people cannot go swimming without fear of getting sick.

Devonport resident Vanessa Ingraham developed a staph and E coli infection on her legs about four weeks ago.

Her doctor believes she may have caught the infection from swimming at Narrowneck Beach shortly after shaving her legs.

Ingraham, who moved to New Zealand from the Bahamas seven years ago, said she didnt know about Aucklands stormwater issues until she got the infection.

READ MORE:* Illegal sewage pipes lead to faecal contamination at Auckland beach* The Detail: How safe are Auckland's beaches from pollution?* More than 50 Auckland beaches declared no-swim zones* Human waste the leading contaminant at Auckland beaches, DNA tests show

Vanessa Ingraham/Supplied

Devonport resident Vanessa Ingraham, who is from the Bahamas, says it is unacceptable that people cannot go swimming at Auckland beaches without fear of getting sick.

During heavy rain, water that is contaminated with animal faeces, oil, rubbish, metals and rubber from tyres is often flushed through the stormwater network and onto beaches, a Watercare spokeswoman said.

Aucklands wastewater network is also known to overflow during heavy rain, which causes sewage to spill out from manholes, gully traps, pump stations and engineered overflow points into properties, waterways and the sea.

The Auckland Councils Swimsafe website, which provides real-time forecasts of beach water quality, recommends people avoid swimming for 48 hours following heavy rainfall.

You have to check to see if its safe to swim? This is a foreign concept, Ingraham said.

Vanessa Ingraham/Supplied

Vanessa Ingrahams doctor believes she contracted a staph and E coli infection after swimming at Narrowneck Beach not long after she shaved her legs.

Ingraham, a wellness consultant, swims in the sea daily even in winter to reap the health benefits of swimming in cold water.

According to a 2020 study published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, regular cold-water swimming may reduce inflammation and symptoms of depression, increase metabolism and improve resilience to stress.

All the things in our life are quite stressful, but we can deal better with mental stress when subjecting ourselves to physical distress, Ingraham said.

She believed it was unacceptable that the water network issue was causing damage to the environment.

Vanessa Ingraham/Supplied

Vanessa Ingraham, who swims in the sea daily, was not aware of the recommendation to check for health risks on Safeswim prior to getting her skin infection.

We can never be healthy in an environment thats making us sick.

Auckland Regional Public Health Service (ARPHS) public health medicine specialist Dr David Sinclair told Stuff that staph and E coli infections were common and could originate from a range of sources.

Because of this, its difficult to identify the source of a particular persons illness and, more generally, how many people may have become ill after swimming at Auckland beaches.

It is expected that 2 per cent of people who swim at a beach marked on Safeswim with a red flag, indicating high risk of illness from swimming, will get sick, with either skin, ear or respiratory infections or with diarrhoea and vomiting.

SAFESWIM/Supplied

More than 50 Auckland beaches were marked on Swimsafe as unsafe for swimming following heavy rain in January.

Sinclair added that ARPHS was not aware of any deaths linked to beach water quality.

Watercare was not aware of any wastewater overflows at Narrowneck Beach in the past year, the spokeswoman said.

Work is under way to reduce wet-weather overflows, with $349.5 million spent on the wastewater network in the past year.

Over the next 20 years, we will be spending close to $11 billion on our wastewater system to reduce wet-weather overflows, improve the quality of beaches and waterways, improve wastewater treatment processes and cater for Aucklands growth.

People are asked to check that their stormwater downpipes are not incorrectly connected to the drain used for their wastewater (kitchen, laundry and toilet).

Anyone who falls ill with symptoms of respiratory, gastroenteritis, ear, eye or skin infections within three days of swimming may have a waterborne illness and is advised to visit their doctor or phone Healthline on 0800 611 116.

The rest is here:
Woman's 'nasty' skin infection most likely caused by swimming in sea after shaving legs - Stuff.co.nz

David Sinclair Supplements List Deep Dive – Updated 2021

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Despite being 50 years of age, David looks much younger. Given that his focus is on tackling aging and he appears to exemplify this work its natural to ask whats his secret?

David doesnt give health recommendations or endorse brands, but he does share his personal supplementation:

Davids Daily Supplement Regimen:

After touching on Davids diet & exercise routines below, well look in detail at his use of NMN, resveratrol and metformin.

Davids Diet:

Davids Exercise routine:

Davids Lifestyle Choices:

David describes resveratrol and NMN as critical for the activation of sirtuin genes. Sirtuins play a key role in functions that help us to live longer particularly DNA repair.

He describes resveratrol as the accelerator pedal for the sirtuin genes (increasing their activation), and NMN as the fuel. Without the fuel, resveratrol wont be as effective.

The reason that resveratrol wont work effectively without NMN, is that sirtuin activation requires youthful NAD levels, but by 50 years old, David says, we have about half the level of NAD we had in our 20s. NAD being a molecule that is essential to energy production in our cells.

Graph showing NAD+ decrease with age via PLOS paper

So in effect, you take resveratrol to increase activation of the sirtuin genes, and NMN to ensure the sirtuins have enough energy to work properly.

Below well dig deeper into the 3 longevity supplements David takes; NMN, Resveratrol & Metformin.

First well look at the sirtuin activator David takes; Resveratrol.

Resveratrol is a molecule thats found (in small amounts) in the skin of foods like grapes, blueberries, raspberries, mulberries, and peanuts.

If you remember the hype some years ago around red wine being healthy, part of that was due to it containing tiny amounts of resveratrol.

Unfortunately, all food sources contain tiny amounts, so we need a concentrated supplement in order to see benefits!

Resveratrol is though to act as a caloric restriction mimetic, which activates beneficial cellular pathways. Studies have pointed to benefits such as:

Whilst Davids resveratrol comes from excess product leftover from lab experiments, not all of us have this luxury! Therefore we are forced to look online.

If you pop resveratrol into an Amazon search, youll find a host of different options, many of (potentially) dubious quality.

The first thing to note is that we should be looking for trans-resveratrol, not cis-resveratrol.

From Davids studies, cis-Resveratrol did not activate the sirtuin enzyme, but trans-Resveratrol did.

Next, the purity of the trans-resveratrol is important, were looking for 98%+. David mentions this at 1:17:54 of his Ben Greenfield interview, noting that 50% purity can even give diarrhea, because theres other stuff that comes along with the molecule. He also confirms that Polygonum cuspidatum (Japanese Knotweed) is a good source for the resveratrol.

To get closer to the quality that David is likely taking, we can look at research published by an old company of his; Sirtris (who were sold to GSK for $720 million). In this paper they were doing clinical tests on a formulation of resveratrol they call SRT501. Noting that:

Due to the poor aqueous solubility exhibited by resveratrol, digestive absorption is greatly influenced by drug dissolution rate. In an effort to increase absorption across the gastro-intestinal tract and thus systemically available parent compound, there has been considerable interest in the pharmaceutical manipulation of resveratrol. Decreasing the particle size of such chemicals can improve their rate of dissolution and thus their absorption. Therefore, the aim of this clinical study was to investigate whether consumption of SRT501, a micronized resveratrol formulation designed by Sirtris, a GSK Company is safe and generates measurable and pharmacologically active levels of parent agent in the circulation and in the liver.

Thats a wordy quote from the paper, but in essence, they were testing a micronized resveratrol formulation against a non-micronized version. Their study found that levels of resveratrol in the blood were 3.6x greater when using the micronized formulation, and other markers they were comparing also improved.

We see this with other molecules too; where reducing particle size increases bioavailability. For example with curcumin, whose absorption can be improved through micronization (for example Theracurmin). So this makes sense.

Micronized resveratrol options include:

Note: Whichever source of trans-resveratrol you take, according to David, you will increase its bio-availability if you take it with a fat source.

David takes it on an empty stomach in the morning, so mixes it with a bit of yogurt. However it should also be possible to take it with a meal containing fat.

David mentions in his interview with Rhonda Patrick a few nuances around the storage of resveratrol:

David takes his resveratrol in the morning, mixed into a spoon of homemade yogurt (using the Bravo starter culture), in order to increase its bio-availability.

His studies showed that without fat, resveratrol absorption was 5x lower. So consumption with yogurt (or another fat source) is important. David clarified on the recent podcast with Rhonda Patrick that the NMN doesnt need to be taken with a fat source he specifically mentions taking his NMN in capsules, downed with a glass of water in the morning.

Of course you dont need to make your own yogurt, a store bought version will work adequately. However, if youre interested to make your own version expand the box below to learn more.

David has described his yogurt making process as so:

David has specifically mentioned Bravo as the brand of yogurt culture he uses, for example at 1:12:28 of his interview on the Ben Greenfield podcast. Proponents of Bravo yogurt tout it as having a very high amount of gut friendly bacteria, when compared to other similar products. Bravo seems like a fairly expensive product to me, however, once nice trick with yogurts is that you can make a new batch using a small amount from the old batch. Removing the need to use fresh starter sachets again

In terms of further details on the yogurt making process, Ive summarized some of the key points below:

This YouTube video gives a nice (but slow-paced) example of the homemade yogurt making process.

We talked above about the sirtuin activator Resveratrol, now lets talk about NMN, which helps provides the fuel for the sirtuins to work.

NMN falls into a category of supplements, along with Nicotinamide Riboside (NR), referred to as NAD boosters which have become increasingly popular.

NAD is required for every cell of our body to help facilitate energy production. As discussed above, by age 50 you have about half as much NAD as at age 20!

The intention is that by supplementing precursors we can boost the cellular level of NAD closer to youthful levels.

Theres little to no doubt in the research community that we need to restore NAD function; but the jury is still out on what the best method will be. Currently David has his eggs in the basket of NMN.

Davids NMN powder comes from excess product left over from lab experiments. This is good to know, but doesnt help us when it comes to sourcing some. Below we will look at various possible buying options.

Potential considerations when buying include:

Assuming all the above are ok, the last crucial question is:

What Ive done below is put some of the more highly reviewed options (within USA) into a table, calculated the approximate price per gram, and added links to any 3rd party analysis certificates the companies display.

The above table provides a start, but for a detailed analysis table see this post, which also includes options for UK buyers.

Price per gramThe average price per gram appears around $4-$6. For products noticeably cheaper, it would be worth exercising caution around their authenticity.

Capsulating the PowdersWith the bulk powder versions of NMN above, you could put them into capsules yourself at home, using a capsule filling machine.

This emulates the method David uses to take his NMN; in capsules swallowed with a glass of water.

Using size 00 capsules, it takes 3 capsules to capsulate 1g of NMN. Depending on how tightly you fill them you may be a marginally over or under 1g, but it wont be by much. With enough powder, most machines can fill 100 capsules per time which would be 33 days (~1 month) supply.

TestingThere are two main types of tests companies will do. The first is third party testing on the purity of their NMN. The second is contaminant testing, for things such as heavy metals. Its a positive indicator if they can provide both.

Nicotinamide Riboside is a precursor to NAD, similar to NMN. David states in his book that his lab finds:

That being said, he isnt against NR, hes just more optimistic on NMN being the better molecule for raising NAD in the long run. He notes in a blog post on NMN & NR that:

The brand leader in sales of Nicotinamide Riboside is Chromadexs Niagen (pictured above). Amongst Chromadexs scientific advisors is Charles Brenner, who first discovered NR, and showed it could extend the life of yeast cells.

Niagens recommended serving size is 300mg (1 capsule) which may be less efficient at raising NAD levels than 1g of NMN.

If we compare NR & NMN at a price per gram, theyre more similar than I expected. Niagen works out approximately $5.22/gram, and NMN is around $5-$6/gram depending on brand.

In Davids recent interview with Rhonda Patrick, he discussed details around storage, saying:

Since David explained this Ive come to learn that Nicotinamide Riboside, when it its chloride form; Nicotinamide Riboside Chloride (as sold by Niagen), is in a stabilized form. This means that it doesnt need to be kept cold to have an adequate shelf life. More on that below

Looking at the data online around stabilized NR, I found:

What I gather from that, is that NR in its chloride form is stabilized. But like most edible products, cooling it does slow down the degradation that occurs over time. However for most people, the product isnt intended to sit on the shelf for a long time, and thus it will be consumed before the degradation becomes a problem.

There has been some concern in the field that consuming NR or NMN could decrease the bodys methyl groups and lead to health problems. The dropdown section below looks in detail at that issue.

So methylation itself, which utilizes methyl groups (CH), is an essential process for a host of critical functions in the body, including regulation of gene expression and the removal of waste products.

Consuming Niacin derivatives (which includes NR and NMN) will require the body to use up methyl groups in order to later degrade and excrete them. There has been some discussion and concern that by increasing the amount of methylation the body needs to do (through supplementation of NR/NMN), we might deplete the body of methyl groups needed to carry out essential processes.

David discussed this in his podcast with Paul Saladino (see 44mins mark), acknowledging that Niacin derivates (including NR/NMN) require methylation for excretion, but asserting that at this stage the idea of methyl depletion is anecdotal, and not something that has been shown in any NR/NMN studies.

Initially (circa 2019) David mentioned taking a supplement called betaine, also known as trimethylglycine. Then he moved to taking a combination of methyl folate plus methyl B12. This was all in an abundance of caution, rather than due to any new research that backed up the risk of methyl depletion.

After taking the B12/Folate supplement for a few months, in February 2020 David got some blood tests done, and found his B12 levels were double the recommended maximum so he stopped taking it (source: Davids Facebook post). He hasnt mentioned replacing it with anything since.

As Dr Brenner points out below, monitoring homocysteine levels (via blood test) is a proxy for methylation issues.

Methyl groups are primarily derived from nutrients in the diet, including; methionine (amino acid), folate (vitamin B9), choline, betaine, riboflavin (vitamin B2), pyridoxine (vitamin B6) and cobalamin (vitamin B12). For foods rich in these, see table 1 in this research paper.

A further source to add to this discussion is the research done by Chromadex. They hold a patent on nicotinamide riboside production, and make Niagen. In a tweet thread by their chief scientific adviser Charles Brenner, he explains that Chromadex took the potential risk of NR depleting methyl groups seriously. To test this they performed a randomized double blind placebo controlled trial administering 100, 300, or 1,000mg of NR over 56 days (study link). They used homocysteine levels as a proxy for methylation disturbance, and found no change to homocysteine in any of the dosage groups, including up to 1,000mg (see this image). If there was a shortage of methyl groups, they would have expected to homocysteine levels rise. Its worth noting the study used NR, not NMN.

In summary, current evidence for this issue is lacking, and as far as I can tell, David Sinclair is no longer taking any supplements to tackle potential methyl group depletion. However, if you wanted to be super careful, Dr Charles Brenner (an NAD researcher) mentions elevated homocysteine in the blood can be a sign of lower methyl status so one could get a blood test to check that.

Metformin is actually a relatively old drug, first discussed in medical literature in 1922, and studied in humans in the 1950s. It is derived from a plant called the French Lilac. Its primary use in medicine is for the treatment of diabetes, thanks to its ability to decrease blood glucose levels in patients.

Because Metformin has been used for years, and has an established track record of safety, this makes it more attractive as a longevity drug. Molecules that are discovered today will need years of testing before they can even come close to rival the amount of data and patient years accumulated by metformin.

Its thought the longevity benefits are at least in part derived from activation of the AMPK cellular pathway. This has a host of knock-on effects (visualized below), some of which are involved in beneficial processes like mediating inflammation and increasing autophagy (cellular cleanup).

Metformin is a prescription drug, and thus needs to be acquired through a doctors prescription, at least in most countries. It isnt (yet) considered a drug that can help improve healthspan or lifespan, and so you may need to find a forward thinking doctor if you want it prescribed for general health. Typically doctors only prescribe Metformin for blood sugar control issues (type 2 diabetes).

Typically Metformin is taken daily both by diabetics, and by people using it for healthspan extension. However, on the latest interview with Joe Rogan, they discussed a 2018 paper which showed metformin inhibits mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic exercise training. David explained that this makes sense, and its exactly metformins inhibition of mitochondrial function that leads to some of the health benefits. Specifically, they cause the cell to think its in a nutrient restricted state, and it turns on pathways typically reserved for times of scarcity. The function of these pathways is hypothesized to lead to better healthspan outcomes.

When not exercising, which is most days for David, he opts to take 0.5g of metformin in the morning and 0.5g in the evening (for source, see 1:16:45 of his Ivy Lecture, which supersedes what he said in his book). Then on exercise days, he opts not to take it at all. For similar reasons he also skips resveratrol on exercise days (source: see last paragraph of section 1 Get Moving on Davids blog post).

This is viable for David who exercises vigorously in the order of 1-2x per week, but for someone training often, this might be impractical. At which point it would come down to a decision whether the benefits of metformin/resveratrol outweigh the (potential) small impact on recovery.

In a Reddit AMA (link) David was asked whether he would take Berberine if he didnt have access to Metformin. He responds by saying he would likely take Berberine.

Berberine is interesting to many people because it has similar properties to metformin, but it doesnt require a doctors prescription. In common with metformin, it has the ability to:

Berberine dosage in treating diabetes is not entirely dissimilar to Metformin. For example in this study, the patients took 500mg of Berberine 3x per day. Then in this study they took 850mg of Metformin 3x per day. We know with David he takes 500mg of Metformin 2x per day.

Both compounds can induce gastrointestinal distress, so its common to start off on lower dosages, and gradually increase to the desired amount. This gives the gut a chance to adapt, and allows the user to back off the dosage if gastrointestinal distress is reached.

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David Sinclair Supplements List Deep Dive - Updated 2021

Over 50s Spending Spree Boosts Economy By Billions – Money International

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Older consumers are a benefit to the economy rather than a drain on resources, according to new research.

The over 50s will spend 63p in every 1 in the UK by 2040 rising from 54p in the 1 in 2018.

And the money is spent across the board rather than on specific goods and services,

However, think-tank the International Longevity Centre (ILC) believes the country could benefit even more if the government looked at lifting barriers to spending by older people.

The ILC reportMaximising the longevity dividendreveals spending by the over 50s has dominated the UK economy since 2013 and will rise over the coming decades, from 54% (319 billion) of total consumer spending in 2018 to 63% by 2040 (550 billion).

According to the report, lifting barriers to spending by the over 75s could add 2% (47 billion) to GDP a year by 2040 and supporting the over 50s to remain in the workforce could add an another 1.3% to GDP a year by 2040.

David Sinclair, Director of the ILC, said: As the population ages there are enormous economic opportunities, but these are currently being neglected.

There are enormous gains to be made by individual businesses and for the economy if we can unlock the spending and earning power of older adults.

But too many people face barriers to working and spending in later life issues like inaccessible high streets, poorly designed products, and age discriminatory attitudes require a serious response.

Weve become accustomed to hearing our ageing population talked about as a bad thing but the reality is it could be an opportunity.

However, we wont realise this longevity dividend through blind optimism about ageing. Instead, we need concerted action to tackle the barriers to spending and working in later life.

We need action to make sure our extra years are healthy years, we need accessible high streets and workplaces that are free from age discrimination and we need continued action to ensure that people have access to decent pensions in later life.

Realising the longevity dividend will require decisive action of the kind weve yet to see from either business or government. For all the talk of baby boomers dominating politics, weve yet to see a serious response to the opportunities and this needs to change.

Further related information and articles can be found following the links below

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Over 50s Spending Spree Boosts Economy By Billions - Money International

Hunger in Milwaukee and the World: What We Can Do About It – Wisconsin Public Radio News

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The United Nations Association of Greater Milwaukee invites you to "Hunger in Milwaukee and the World: What We Can Do About It"

A Virtual Zoom Program Featuring a Panel Discussion with Lady Lee Thompson, David Sinclair, & Maureen Fitzgerald Saturday February 13th, 2021 from 10 AM 11:30 AM

Free & Open to the Public

Advance registration is required. To register, go to: https://us02web.zoom.us/meeting/register/tZ0vc-ippjsqGN0DiBvtHRhzj17v4myT7r0f.After registering, you will receive a confirmation email with information about joining the meeting. For more information: Contact Jerry Rousseau at jerroldbrousseau@gmail.com (email) or 414.228.9282 (phone).

Hunger stalks Milwaukee and the World and is getting worse with the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the UN World Food Programme, 135 million people suffer from acute hunger largely due to man-made conflicts, climate change, and economic downturns. The COVID-19 pandemic threatens to double that number putting an additional 130 million people at risk of suffering acute hunger. The following panel of local and international experts and activists will share what is important to know about hunger in Milwaukee and the World and what local and global organizations are doing to diminish food insecurity. You will hear specifics about how Milwaukee and distant places like Yemen are facing a desperate food insecurity crisis. We look forward to your questions and comments following the panel discussion.

Lady Lee Thompson is a 2020-2021 UNA-USA Global Goals Ambassador promoting the UN Sustainable Development Goal of Inclusive Economic Growth, Full and Productive Employment, and Decent Work for All. She is a global advocate for womens self-sufficiency, African diaspora inclusion, youth & womens empowerment, agricultural skill transfer, investment matchmaking for minority business enterprises, gender equality, and responding to the impact of COVID-19 on food security.

David Sinclair is a local community advocate for low-income families on Milwaukees North Side. He is the Project Program Coordinator for the Cream City Credible Messenger Program at WestCare Foundation and manages the food pantries located at WestCare Foundation and Jeremiah Missionary Baptist Church.

Maureen Fitzgerald is the owner of Maureen Fitzgerald Consulting, a public policy and advocacy resource for nonprofits and governmental agencies. She worked as the Director of Advocacy at Hunger Task Force for the last 11 years. Prior to that she practiced criminal defense law in Milwaukee. She is a graduate of Marquette & Marquette University Law School.

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Hunger in Milwaukee and the World: What We Can Do About It - Wisconsin Public Radio News

Pill to reverse ageing in 30 years? Why not, says Harvard professor Dr David Sinclair – Hindustan Times

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There is no reason to accept ageing as inevitable, Harvard professor Dr David Sinclair said on Friday, adding that if a pill or a vaccine is not developed in the next 30 years to fight ageing, something must have gone terribly wrong.

Dr Sinclair, co-director of the Paul F Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, and his team recently turned back the clock on aged eye cells in the retina to reverse vision loss in elderly mice.

Ageing is going to happen We are not going to live forever But can we try to live another 5 or 10 or 20 years longer, healthily? Absolutely... There is no law that says that we couldnt live longer, he said at the 18th Hindustan Times Leadership Summit.

Dr Sinclair, best known for his work on understanding why humans age and how to slow its effects, said it was important to declare ageing as a disease so that governments change laws to treat it with medicines and more funds are accessible for scientific work.

If it [a pill or a vaccine to reverse ageing] doesnt happen in the next 30 years, something must have gone terribly wrong, he said, adding that it was possible a medicine against ageing was already among us. We just need to have more evidence that they actually work the way we are hoping, the Harvard professor, who has featured in TIME magazines list of the 100 most influential people in the world, said.

His research has been primarily focused on sirtuins, a group of proteins that appear to be key in regulating the ageing process. In 1999, he was recruited to the Harvard Medical School, where he has been teaching ageing biology and translational medicine for ageing.

Dr Sinclair also shared tips on how to slow the process of ageing: dont eat three regular meals; exercise; lift some weights; use biomarker feedback; sleep well and reduce stress; and eat plants that have been stressed.

You may not want to skip breakfast, you may want to skip lunch or dinner... its different for every individual. If you are young, this is probably not for you, he said, adding that middle-aged people whose metabolism has slowed down should consider skipping meals strategically.

On the question of whether a vegetarian diet was better or a non-vegetarian regimen, he said: You do want your diet to look like what a rabbit might eat more than a lion.

According to a paper published in Nature, Dr Sinclair and his team used an adeno-associated virus as a vehicle to deliver into the retinas of mice three youth-restoring genes that are normally switched on during embryonic development. The three genes, together with a fourth one that was not used in this work, are collectively known as Yamanaka factors. This promoted nerve regeneration following optic-nerve injury in mice with damaged optic nerves, reversed vision loss in animals with a condition mimicking human glaucoma, and reversed vision loss in ageing animals without glaucoma.

Dr Sinclair said on Friday: We are trying to understand can we compress the last few years of life that are sick into a very short period... [The goal] is really not to keep us in nursing homes and being sick for longer. We are not extending old age, we are doing the opposite. Our goal is to extend youthfulness so that we can perhaps live to 90 or 100 and towards the very end, still be productive members of society playing whatever sport you want with your grandkids or great grandkids.

He added: Often, we think that we have reached our maximum life span as a society... that is not true... Over the 20th Century and continuing to today, there is a very linear and predictable increase in human longevity. Every time [people] have said that we have reached the maximum, we blow through that glass ceiling and we keep adding years to life. But they are not all healthy years.

The expert also gave more insights on mortality as a route to tackling ageing. We tend not to die as much as we used to from cardiac reasons, but the brain still ages at the normal rate and we dont do much about it Our approach is to treat the entire body with medicines and lifestyles that will keep every part of the body healthier and more youthful, the expert added. In my scientific opinion, around the age of 30, ageing starts to kick in.

On being asked about the nature of supplements people should take in the quest to slow ageing, the he said: Go with a company that has a good reputation Go for the very pure molecules. He added that resveratrol, a chemical found in red wine, appeared to show benefits in terms of anti-ageing properties. He, however, said that right meals and exercise seem to be the best bet against ageing at this point.

The proof-of-concept study published in Nature demonstrates the epigenetic reprogramming of complex tissues, such as the nerve cells of the eye, to a younger age when they can repair and replace tissue damaged from age-related conditions and diseases. Elaborating on the study in mice, Dr Sinclair said that most of our longevity is determined by our epigenome and not by our DNA.

While the DNA holds instructions for building proteins, epigenome comprises all of chemicals that are added to ones DNA to regulate the activity.

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Pill to reverse ageing in 30 years? Why not, says Harvard professor Dr David Sinclair - Hindustan Times

HTLS 2020: A pill that can reverse ageing? Yes, it will be possible, says Dr Sinclair – Hindustan Times

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Dr David Sinclair talks about his experiment and if in the future, a pill can be developed to reverse ageing.

One of the leading experts on ageing, Dr David Sinclair, said on Friday that there is a possibility that people can get a pill in the near future that can reverse ageing. Speaking on the Hindustan Times Leadership Summit (HTLS), Dr Sinclair talked about the experiment carried out on older mice to improve their vision. He added that the way technology is moving, the world might get a pill to rejuvenate themselves.

I dont have a crystal ball but we are working on taking the epigenetic reprogramming technology (the experiment done on older mice) and treat the first patient with glaucoma in the next two years to see if we can restore vision, said Dr Sinclair when asked about the possibility of a pill appearing in the next two or three decades.

There are at least 20 companies which are working on medicine that can slow, and perhaps, reverse ageing. So if it doesnt happen in the next 30 years, something must have gone terribly wrong, he added.

When asked about reusing the epigenetic programming technology, Dr Sinclair said there is a possibility that it can be done a number of times. I think we can do it multiple times, theres no reason why it couldnt be one repeatedly. Imagine, we could find a pill that could do what we did with the eyes of the mice but with the whole body. We have engineered it already to be turned on with a pill.

We used a molecule in those mice, we gave it to them as a drink and it turned on the genes. One day, maybe you can go to your doctor, have an injection or get a pil for three weeks and get rejuvenated - better memory, better eyesight, better healing, maybe even look better. Ten years later, you come back and have another course of that drug, said the biologist.

Dr Sinclair appeared on the cover of the Time Magazines 100 most influential people in the world. He is a professor in the Department of Genetics at Harvard Medical School and co-director of the Paul F Glenn Centre for the Biological Mechanisms of Ageing.

This is the first time that the HTLS is being held virtually owing to the Covid-19 pandemic situation. And in tune with the situation, Defining a New Era has been chosen this years theme. From politics to sports, from medicine to education and food - the summit has seen a wide array of views coming from the experts of the respective fields on post-pandemic world.

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Reversing vision loss by turning back the aging clock – FierceBiotech

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Aging has implications for a wide range of diseases. Researchers have been looking for ways to halt the aging process for millennia, but such methods remain elusive. Scientists at Harvard Medical School have now offered a glimmer of hope that the aging clock in the eye could be reversedat least in animals.

By reprogramming the expression of three genes, the Harvard team successfully triggered mature nerve cells in mice eyes to adopt a youthful state. The method reversed glaucoma in the mice and reversed age-related vision loss in elderly mice, according to results published in Nature.

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If further studies prove out the concept, they could pave the way for therapies that employ the same approach to repair damagein other organs and possibly treat age-related diseases in humans, the team said.

The researchers focused on the Yamanaka factors, which are four transcription factorsOct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc. In a Nobel Prize-winning discovery, Shinya Yamanaka found that the factors can change the epigenomehow genes are turned on or offand can thereby transform mature cellsback to a stem cell-like state. It has been hypothesized that changes to the epigenome drive cell aging, especially a process called DNA methylation, by which methyl groups are tagged onto DNA.

Past researches have tried to use the four Yamanaka factorsto turn back the age clock in living animals, but doing so caused cells to adopt unwanted new identities and induced tumor growth.

RELATED:Restoring eyesight with genetically engineered stem cells

To test whether the approach works in living animals, the scientists used adeno-associated virus to deliver the three genes into the retina of mice with optic nerve injuries. The treatment led to a two-fold increase in the number of retinal ganglion cells, which are neurons responsible for receiving and transmitting visual information. Further analysis showed that the injury accelerated DNA methylation age, while the gene cocktail counteracted that effect.

Next the scientists tested whether the gene therapy could also work in disease settings. In a mouse model of induced glaucomawhich is a leading cause of age-related blindness in peoplethe treatment increased nerve cell electrical activity and the animals visual acuity.

But can the therapy also restore vision loss caused by natural aging? In elderly, 12-month-old mice, the gene therapy also restored ganglion cells electrical activity as well as visual acuity, the team reported.

By comparing cells from the treated micewith retinal ganglion cells from young, 5-month-old mice, the researchers found that mRNA levels of 464 genes were altered during aging, and the gene therapy reversed 90% of those changes. The scientists also noticed reversed patterns of DNA methylation, which suggests that DNA methylation is not just the marker but rather the driver behind aging.

What this tells us is the clock doesn't just represent timeit is time. If you wind the hands of the clock back, time also goes backward, the studys senior author, David Sinclair, explained in a statement.

The study marks the first time that glaucoma-induced vision loss was reversednot just slowedin living animals, according to the team.

RELATED:Reprogrammed skin cells restore sight in mouse models of retinal disease

Other researchers are also studying regenerative approaches to treating eye diseases. A research group at the Centre for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona just showed that by modifying mesenchymal stem cells to express chemokine receptors Ccr5 and Cxcr6, retinal tissue could be saved from degeneration.

The idea of reversing age-related decline in humans by epigenetic reprogramming with a gene therapy is exciting, Sinclair said. The Harvard researchers intend to do more animal work that could allow them to start clinical trials in people with glaucoma in about two years.

Our study demonstrates that it's possible to safely reverse the age of complex tissues such as the retina and restore its youthful biological function, Sinclair said. If affirmed through further studies, these findings could be transformative for the care of age-related vision diseases like glaucoma and to the fields of biology and medical therapeutics for disease at large.

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Hokitika father charged with murder initially claimed son fell out of bed – Stuff.co.nz

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Stuff

David Grant Sinclair is on trial in the High Court at Greymouth for the murder of his 10-month-old son.

A Hokitika baby died with 30 bruises all over his body, fractures to his skull and bleeding on the brain and behind both eyes.

The Crown says the fatal injuries were inflicted by his father but his father alleges they were sustained from a fall down the stairs.

David Grant Sinclair is charged with murdering his 10-month-old son, CJ Bodhi White, at Hokitika on July 9, 2019.

A jury trial began on Monday in the High Court at Greymouth before Justice Rebecca Edwards. It is set down for two weeks and 27 witnesses plus Sinclair himself are due to give evidence.

READ MORE:* Suppression lifts on Hokitika man charged with murdering 10-month-old son* West Coast baby allegedly killed by father was 'an angel to us', mother says* Homicide investigation launched in Northland after death of baby

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CJ Bodhi White died aged 10 months in Hokitika on July 9, 2019. His father, David Grant Sinclair, denies murdering the infant.

Crown prosecutor William Taffs said CJ had been in Sinclairs fulltime care for only six weeks before his death.

He said Sinclair told his family, first responders and police he fell asleep with CJ in his bed and was woken between 3am and 4am by a thud from CJ falling out of bed.

Taffs told the jury CJ had not been sleeping well because he was teething and would have been in significant pain from injuries inflicted earlier by his father, including a fractured bone in his foot and bruising to his groin and scrotum.

He said Sinclair put his phone into incognito mode at 3.27am and searched: Does a babys head flop backwards from concussion.

He then accessed several apps including a gambling site and checked the weather forecast.

At 4.17am, he again searched: Why has my 1-year-olds neck gone all floppy after falling out of bed?

He then sent a message to his mother asking her to call him.

When she rang, he told her CJ had fallen out of bed. She arrived at the house less than 10 minutes later, began CPR and rang emergency services.

CJ was unresponsive and was flown to Christchurch Hospital but doctors ruled out surgery because his injuries were unsurvivable. His life support was turned off at 11.40am. He was declared dead 25 minutes later.

CJ had 30 bruises across his body, significant brain injuries, skull fractures, soft swelling to his skull, bleeding to both retinas and swelling, cuts, bleeding and clots on his brain.

Several medical professionals would give evidence that the injuries were not consistent with a fall out of bed on to a carpeted floor. They were consistent with his father hitting his head against a hard object or hitting his head with a hard object, Taffs said.

He had too many bruises in all the wrong places to be accidental. Bruises consistent with finger marks ... inflicted in what the Crown says was a moment of anger or frustration.

Taffs said Sinclair had told medical professionals the historic bruises were caused when he caught CJs leg in the car seat buckle and from CJ hitting himself with a rattle.

Defence lawyer Andrew McKenzie said the jury would be presented with two vastly different scenarios.

He said Sinclair would give evidence that CJ had fallen down the stairs. The defence would also present evidence from experts.

David Sinclair is guilty of taking too much time to call 111. He is guilty of lying to police and lying to people about his baby falling out of bed. He is guilty of not taking steps to remove the risk of his baby falling down the stairs.

He is not guilty of the crime of murder, McKenzie said.

Joanne Carroll/STUFF

The jury trial is set down for two weeks and 27 prosecution witnesses will be called to give evidence.

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Get younger reverse ageing and increase your health span – Have a Go News

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In The Curious Case of Benjamin Button, a boy was born old and got younger. That film is science fiction but Australian scientist Professor David Sinclair, currently at Harvard University Medical School and his colleagues have managed to get yeast and more recently mice to grow younger.

Aging has multiple causes, until recently none have been considered treatable. It is the diseases of old age: dementia, heart disease and osteoporosis that have been treated.

No matter how much you exercise, fitness trackers can be a great way to help you stay -- or get -- in shape without the bulk and extra cost of a full-blown smartwatch. Not only do they hold you accountable for your physical activity, many of the best fitness tracker models now include added health features such as sleep tracking, heart-rate monitoring and more. They'll then share that fitness tracking data with an app to give you a broader look at your overall fitness.

In a YouTube interview with entrepreneur Tom Bilyeu, Professor Sinclair asks are we treating the symptoms rather than the condition ageing that causes them?

Research has led to lifespans increasing, but older people often spend years in poor health.

Humans have around 20,000 genes. These provide the cell with instructions to make proteins. Not all of them are needed in every cell. Those that arent needed are turned off by process called epigenetics. This ensures genes are not active in inappropriate cell types. For example the COL1A1 gene codes to produce collagen, but only needs to be active in skin, cartilage and similar types of cell.

Sinclairs team believes that the loss of epigenetic information is the root cause of ageing. They have identified drugs that can reset a cells epigenetic status and reverse its age. These drugs can be delivered by a harmless virus to specific tissues or the entire body, thereby causing cells to act younger and wounds to heal faster.

Genes called sirtuins make enzymes that control how cells function and they can be used to turn off genes that hasten ageing.

Sever calorie restriction increases the lifespan of mice and yeast, but thats not really practical for humans.

However, Professor Sinclair says a short period of being hungry or stressed in other ways causes sirtuins to turn on the mechanism that repairs cell damage and resets the biological clock.

Other compounds can activate sirtuins. Resveratol, found in small amounts in red wine, activates sirtuins in mice when fed large doses. Metformin, used to control blood sugar levels in diabetics, acts in the same way. Diabetics who take metformin tend to outlive those who dont.

Next Sinclairs lab looked at the way mitochondria (the cell organelles that generate energy) operate. The levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in mitochondria dictate how long cell survive, but NAD+ declines with age.

Professor Sinclair and his co-researchers found that restoring NAD+ levels in mammals has a dramatically positive effect on the liver, heart, reproductive organs, kidney, muscles, and brain and nervous systems. Old mice given a NAD+ booster drug ran around like young mice within a few days.

They study the mechanisms by which the NAD+level repairs DNA and look for ways to improve this process. In particular, they study enzymes that deplete or increase NAD+ as potential tools to control the NAD+ level in the cells.

They have also actively looked for sirtuin activating compounds (STACs) and have discovered potent activators that raise NAD+ levels. They are testing these for their effects on ageing and age-related diseases.

But mice are not people, so it is too early to start taking NAD-boosting drugs until the results of human trials are completed.

Sinclairs advice for longevity is to avoid scans and X-rays as much as possible as they damage your DNA and get a little bit hungry from time to time. He spends four hours a week at the gym, include one hour doing yoga and an hour in the sauna.

He says the stress of jumping into cold water after the hot steam room and hot tub increases brown fat in his body. Brown fat has lots of mitochondria which raises the metabolic rate and helps to prevent excessive weight gain.

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Scientists Uncover Approach That Could Reverse Age-Related Vision Loss – Science Times

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Scientists recently made some impressive developments in the field of age-related diseases. Nonetheless, essentially turning back time on a living creature's DNA remains indefinable and a "Holy Grail."

It is common knowledge that DNA is gradually breaking down as a person gets older. It is seen that such impairment is aging, and various age-related diseases tend to pop up the older an individual gets.

Harvard Medical Schoolresearchers now seem to have a big leap in moving aging backward in mice. More particularly, the scientists managed to invigorate an aging mice's vision by giving them a boost through the use of genes present during early development.

As the scientists explain in a new study Nature published, the work focused on "glaucoma-induced vision impairment in the mice."

(Photo : analogicus on Pixabay)Research findings recently proposed an approach thats safe and could potentially revolutionize the therapeutics of the eye.

The research team used a virus to impact the mice's retinas through the use of a "trio" of what are described as "youth-invigorating genes."

Such genes: Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4, according to the study, are said to be active when the mice's embryos are developing. This, the study authors said, resulted in an intense reversal of the age-related vision problems experienced by mice.

It stimulated the regeneration of nerve while reversing, too, the glaucoma-like occurrences in the animals plagued by it.

With vision loss minus glaucoma that's related to age, the impact was the same, the study specified. More so, the mice regained their previously lost vision.

According to the study's senior author David Sinclair, their research "demonstrates that it is possible to safely reverse the age of complex tissue" like the retina and has its youthful biological role restored."

If confirmed through further research, such results could be transformative for the care of age-associated vision illnesses such as glaucoma and to the areas of biology and medical treatments for illness at large.

As impressive as their study findings were, warn the study authors that they would need to be duplicated in later studies if further development is to be made through the use of such genes for the reversal of loss of vision in other animals and even humans.

A related article BGRposted said this study may be promising, although it is certainly "not ready for human testing yet."

In connection to this new finding, Yuacheng Lu, an HMS research fellow and former ex-doctoral student in Sinclair's lab, developed a gene treatment that could safely reverse the cells' age in living animals.

The work of Lu's develops on Shinya Yamanaka's Nobel Prize-winningdiscovery. Yamanaka discovered the four transcription factors, namely, Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc, that could remove epigenetics markers on cells and bring back these cells to their original embryonic state from which they can progress into any cell type.

At this project's onset, Lu explained, many of their colleagues said their approach would not succeed, or it would be dangerous to use it.

The former doctoral student added, their research findings propose this approach "is safe and could potentially revolutionize the therapeutics of the eye," as well as the many other organs impacted by aging.

ALSO READ: How Good Are You at Recognizing Faces? Here's a New Face Test Scientists Want You To Try

Check out more news and information on Agingin Science Times.

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Scientists Uncover Approach That Could Reverse Age-Related Vision Loss - Science Times

We should allow ourselves to be #pharmaproud – – pharmaphorum

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In the hours after Pfizers momentous vaccine news emerged on Monday #pfizerproud popped up on my social media feeds again and again from the firms employees, both past and present.

Ive been an avid observer of pharma social media for some time and this is somewhat unusual. Not for the pharma employees to be proud of the work they do, but such a spontaneous and widespread demonstration of pride in our industry is not normally seen, though it is thoroughly deserved here.

Interim analysis of the COVID-19 vaccine candidate Pfizer has been working on with BioNTech found it to be more than 90% effective at countering the disease, and the company said it expected to be in a position to file BNT162b2 for FDA approval in the third week of November.

The phase 3 trial results are a huge advance in the fight against the global coronavirus pandemic. The study, which only began at the end of July, has enrolled 43,538 patients to date and has shown that protection against COVID-19 is achieved 28 days after the initiation of the two-dose vaccination.

As Pfizers CEO Albert Bourla said: Today is a great day for science and humanity. We are a significant step closer to providing people around the world with a much-needed breakthrough to help bring an end to this global health crisis.

The work to date certainly justifies Bourlas insistence on pushing his vaccine research and manufacturing leadership to think differently about the issue and move quicker that they would have thought possible.

The scientists have done their job

Think in different terms, he told them back in March, according to Forbes, when the COVID-19 pandemic was beginning to overwhelm countries like Italy and Spain in Western Europe.

Think you have an open chequebook, you dont need to worry about such things. Think that we will do things in parallel, not sequential. Think you need to build manufacturing of a vaccine before you know whats working. If it doesnt, let me worry about it and we will write it off and throw it out.

His approach is certainly in keeping with the transformative nature of 2020 and the innovations and adaptations that the year has so far forced on us all. It was, after all, shortly after the outbreak began in January that scientists from China published details of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Of course, the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine is just one of many in development and study is still ongoing and collecting additional safety and efficacy data.

Its final vaccine efficacy percentage may vary from the headline grabbing results released this week, as the companies themselves have noted, and many wider questions remain for policymakers and politicians. Theres the ongoing issue of public attitudes to vaccines and trust, deliberations on how to best distribute Pfizers, or any other companys, COVID-19 vaccine, and the financial returns of any vaccines will be sure to be scrutinised.

Having a vaccine which works is just the starting point, acknowledged David Sinclair, director of UK charity and thinktank the International Longevity Centre commented. But he added: That we are one step closer to a vaccine against Covid-19 is brilliant news. The scientists have done their job.

Its a sentiment that can be applied to all of those across the industry who have been working, directly or indirectly, on COVID-19 and all the healthcare outcomes affected by the pandemic.

So, although I started this article focusing on #pfizerproud, the industry should also be #gileadproud, #astrazenecaproud, #lillyproud and so on.

Hope from medicines, vaccines and health tech

Pharma has always existed at close intersection to mainstream society. Its an industry that touches all of our lives with its vital role in our healthcare, but this year has, unfortunately, given it even more resonance.

At a time when the public is obsessing over infection rates, the R number and COVID-19s deadly toll, like many in the industry Ive been having really quite detailed conversations with non-pharma friends about clinical trials, vaccines and public health.

The upshot of those conversations, in addition to a burning desire for rapid progress, is that we need pharma now more than ever.

As ABPI chief executive Richard Torbett said earlier this week when talking about the importance of vaccines: Millions of people all over the world are living under some form of restrictions.The organisations who research, develop and manufacture medicines, vaccines and health tech are our best hope of treating, preventing or one day even eradicating the virus.

Much as Joe Bidens win in the US presidential election provides a sense of a weight having been lifted from the minds of many, in the US and far around the world, Pfizers COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial results brings a similar sense of relief.

In neither case are we out of the woods yet, and its not even that things wont get worse before they get better but the last week has provided some very welcome news indeed.

So, for now, lets celebrate a major step towards the emergence of a COVID-19 vaccine and be #pharmaproud about the huge contribution the industry had made, and is making, during this global health emergency.

About the author

Dominic Tyer is a journalist and editor specialising in the pharmaceutical and healthcare industries. He is currently pharmaphorums interim managing editor and is also creative and editorial director at the companys specialist healthcare content consultancy pharmaphorum connect.

Connect with Dominic on LinkedIn or Twitter

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6 Anti Aging Benefits of Metformin – The Shepherd of the Hills Gazette

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In one way or another, we are all concerned about how well we are aging, whether that is physically, mentally, or visually in the way we look! Living a healthier lifestyle is something many of us focus on as we age; we all want to live well and experience the most out of life! If you have been looking into ways to improve your overall health and promote healthy aging, you may have heard of metformin. Metformin is becoming an increasingly popular topic when it comes to anti-aging, thanks to the several studies that have been published about the incredible benefits for overall health, mortality, and anti-aging. Metformin is derived from natural compounds in the French Lilac plant and has been used to treat diabetes since the Middle Ages. Used for over 60 years, this medication has an outstanding safety record, and is a safe and cost effective.

Leading Harvard scientist, Dr. David Sinclair, wrote a blog on the benefits of metformin anti aging, titled This cheap pill might help you live a longer, healthier life. Dr. Sinclair outlined numerous studies that proved the beneficial effects metformin can have, and we have compiled 6 of the top benefits backed by science.

As we age, we are more likely to face complicated health challenges, like cancer. However, research has shown metformin to have anti-cancer properties that reduce the likelihood of being diagnosed with numerous forms of cancer. In 2009, a promising study was carried out in the UK, with over 62,000 participants. The study revealed that using metformin was associated with a lowered risk of cancer in the colon and pancreas. The study divided participants into four separate groups, based on where they were receiving monotherapy with metformin, or sulfonylurea, combined therapy (metformin plus sulfonylurea), or insulin. Those using metformin monotherapy had the lowest risk of colon and pancreas cancer. Whereas those on insulin, or insulin secretagogues were more likely to develop cancers.

Additionally, a study conducted by the Mayo Clinic revealed that diabetic women who took metformin had a better survival rate than those who did not. This research is extremely significant because ovarian cancer is the 5th most common cancer in women and has a mortality rate of 65%. The benefits of metformin are impressive and women around the world are taking note.

When taking a closer look at the overall mortality rate of cancer patients with Diabetes, a study of 1,300 participants in the Netherlands revealed that metformin use was associated with lower cancer mortality compared with non-users.

Further, metformin users with diabetes were shown to have a reduced risk of colorectal cancer than non-users. A comprehensive study that took place in the United States, included over 460,000 participants over the course of several years. The results revealed an 8% reduction in the likelihood of a colorectal cancer diagnosis among those who used metformin.

Scientists compared 78,000 people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and compared them to a control group of 78,000 people without diabetic controls. Patients with type 2 diabetes who were taking metformin had a longer survival rate than the non-diabetic control group, over a 5-year period. There have been multiple studies on the use of metformin that confirm the positive effects on overall health and longevity.

In a comprehensive, multi-year study, metformin was shown to reduce the risk of developing diabetes by 31%. This study showed the effect of metformin was equally effective for both men and women. As we see the rates of diabetes on the rise, and the associated health issues related to diabetes can be serious and life-threatening, these results were very positive and have significant potential for those at risk of developing diabetes.

A 2009 study of 390 patients in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed that metformin reduced the risk of macrovascular disease. This study included a 4.3-year follow-up period and demonstrated that metformin can significantly reduce cardiovascular mortality. Additionally, the study showed that metformin can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events in both diabetic, and non-diabetic patients with coronary heart disease. As such, the benefits of metformin are effective for anti-aging purposes, due to the fact cardiovascular health typically declines with age.

A study of 67,731 participants who were non-demented, non-diabetic, and over 65 years of age, were studied from January 2004 to December 2009: The study revealed that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of dementia. When provided with sulfonylureas or metformin, rather than thiazolidinediones for a longer period the risk was reduced. More specifically, the study determined that metformin use showed a significant inverse association with cognitive impairment. This large scale study controlled for age, education, diabetes duration, fasting blood glucose, vascular and non-vascular risk factors. This is a significant finding proving the anti-aging effects of metformin.

Weight-loss is something on many peoples minds as they age, and not just for superficial reasons! Weight gain can affect mobility, can negatively impact cardiovascular health, and can result in a wide array of other health challenges. As we age, it often becomes more difficult to lose weight. A 2012 study of 154 patients was conducted over a 6 month period in Germany. The purpose of the study was to determine the efficacy of metformin for the treatment of obesity. The results were impressive and demonstrated that metformin is an effective drug to reduce weight in a naturalistic outpatient setting in insulin sensitive and insulin resistant overweight and obese patients.

The anti-aging benefits of metformin have been experienced by thousands of patients around the world. Not only can it reduce mortality, but it can improve longevity, overall health, and quality of life as one ages. The studies on metformin have been extensive, and the results truly do speak for themselves. In addition to the listed benefits of above, studies have shown metformin slows down the rate of DNA damage. Though access to metformin has not always been easy, there are telehealth subscription services available that have improved access to buy metformin. AgelessRx.com is an American based company that provides high-quality metformin through their telehealth subscription service.

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Caledonian Braves can ‘breathe a bit easier’ after first win says boss Ricky Waddell – MSN UK

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Boss Ricky Waddell believes the pressure has eased on his Caledonian Braves stars after their first win of the Lowland League season.

Jack Smith, David Winters and David Sinclair earned The Braves the three points against Dalbeattie Star, with Steven Degnan's strike for the visitors proving to be a consolation for the hosts.

With a huge clash with current league champions Kelty Hearts this weekend, Waddell believes it was crucial to get off the mark last night after an impressive display.

He told Lanarkshire Live Sport : "We really set the tone of the game early on that was important for us.

"We had a couple of sticky moments but I felt we were comfortable at half-time going in at 2-0.

"We didn't give away many chances and rode the storm after they got their goal before David's free-kick wraps things up for us.

Gallery: Predicted XI: Celtic v Rangers (H) (Read Sport)

"It gives us a bit of breathing space after a tough start to the season.

"We are getting bodies back, hopefully, in time for Saturday and we are getting back to where we were before the injuries in pre-season.

"If we go into Kelty off the back of four defeats you are starting to think it's going to be a tough task.

"I feel the boys can breathe a bit easier. Dalbeattie Star is a dangerous game, they take points off people and always come with a plan.

"The win takes away the thought that it has been a really bad start to the season.

"What has happened is that we have improved every game and it gives the players and myself a bit of a lift going into the Kelty game.

"I've been at clubs where you're struggling for a win and that becomes a habit. That's broken right away for us and we can concentrate on progressing."

Follow Lanarkshire Live Sport on Twitter via @LanLiveSport, like us on Facebook or find us on Instagram for the latest sports news, pictures and video.

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Caledonian Braves can 'breathe a bit easier' after first win says boss Ricky Waddell - MSN UK

Why Aren’t We Talking More About Nutrition Amid COVID-19? – Anti Aging News

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We recently came across this article on Mind BodyGreen that was written by their senior health editor, Kristine Thomason, that we thought was well worth the share as it ties in with similar articles that we have published.

By now, you're very familiar with the daily COVID-prevention checklist: Wash your hands, don't touch your face, wear your mask in public, and socially distance from others. And repeat. Each of these precautions aligns with guidelines the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released early on in the COVID-19 pandemic, to help mitigate viral transmission.

What the CDC (or any of the powers that be, for that matter) doesn't address quite so clearlymuch to many experts' dismayis the fact that nutrition is also a non-negotiable in the fight against COVID-19.

As for the CDC guidelines, there is a mention tucked into their "Food and Coronavirus" guidelines, where they advise: Reduce pandemic-related stress through good nutrition; incorporate vitamins C and D, plus zinc, into your diet for possible immune system support; read labels on any canned foods you buy, and seek out the healthiest options; and prioritize fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains. They also point toward resources at the USDA Nutrition Assistance Program if you need help securing nutritious foods.

Of course, all that information is important and usefulas are the other COVID-19 guidelines the CDC has laid out. But, unfortunately, there's not a single mention of nutrition as a preventive measureit's entirely left out of the conversation on their "Prevent Getting Sick" section. The way we see it, leaving nutrition as a side note is a huge miss. After all, we've had nutrition top of mind since day one of the pandemicwhether it's featuring an immunologist's COVID dietary advice or discussing top immune-supporting nutrients with a longevity expert.

One expert who has been particularly outspoken about this topic is preventive medicine specialist David Katz, M.D. He already gave a compelling COVID reality check on the mindbodygreen podcast, and now, he's sharing his thoughts on the importance of nutrition as a tool to keep you healthynow and always. But especially now.

Why nutrition needs to be a priority, not an afterthought.

"The greatest single influence of whether you develop a bad chronic disease or die prematurely is your diet quality," says Katz. "Diet is constantly, universally important. Literature showing that it is the single leading predictor of all-cause mortality is incontrovertible."

So, why exactly don't we hear more about diet in relation to disease prevention? To start, other factors that affect health and mortality are often much more straightforward. For example: You're either a smoker or a nonsmoker; you either do physical activity or you don't; your blood pressure is either high or normal. "But diet is an infinite array of intermingled variables," says Katz. "There are many ways to get it right. There are many more ways to get it wrong."

There are also numerous other factors at play (think cultural, socioeconomic, the list goes on) that can interfere with your access and understanding of optimal nutrition. Not to mention, as survival-driven humans, our instincts are programmed to be more attuned to immediate threats rather than long-term ones, Katz explains. "One of the reasons we neglect our diet is it doesn't fly at the speed of a bullet," he says. "If I eat a doughnut today, it won't affect me tomorrow. The cause and effect are separated by time, so it's hard to see. We are pretty blas about the massive association between diet and adverse health outcomes in general." That is, until we're faced with a pressing threat. Enter: COVID-19.

Why focusing on diet amid COVID-19 is both a necessity and an opportunity.

It's no secret that individuals with underlying health conditions like heart disease, asthma, diabetes, and chronic lung disease are at a higher risk of adverse COVID outcomes. "To ignore that is absurd, and to ignore that diet is the greatest single driver of all of that is also absurd," says Katz.

For that reason, Katz sees the current COVID-19 climate not only as a reason to prioritize diet more than ever but also an ideal time for people to make lasting change.

"It's a massive opportunity to address the acute and the chronic," he says. "We should have done it anyway, but that's the problem with dietit's a slow-motion threat; it doesn't trigger our anxiety. COVID does, so I say, let's catch the wave."

So, what can you do...today?

"There's never been a better time to have the 'let's get healthy, America' conversation," says Katz. That's because, even small, conscious changes can affect your health and immunity.

As for a healthy diet, Katz believes there's a basic theme to eating optimally, but there isn't a narrow prescription every person needs to adopt. To get you started on your own path, he shares a few tips for taking positive, dietary steps forwardand they're backed by other experts in the field, too:

1. Start with one healthy meal...but know the benefits get better over time.

"You can alter your immune response with a single meal," Katz says, "the magnitude of benefit will accrue over time, you certainly won't get the full measure from one good meal, but you can start the party." He notes that there is evidence in studies that observe how harvest cells in the immune system react to different stimuli. "They react in a way that's more likely to protect you following a high-quality meal, as opposed to a low-quality meal."

2. Opt for wholesome, natural foods.

"Essentially the closer you get to foods that come directly from nature, the better," says Katz. "So you want to avoid ultra-processed stuff and eat as much real, minimally or unprocessed foods as possible." Simple steps in the right direction might mean sipping water instead of soda or choosing whole grains instead of refined ones. "And if the ingredient list runs off the box, it's probably a bad idea."

And when it comes to choosing those foods...amid a pandemic, experts and the CDC agree that foods rich in vitamin C, vitamin D, and zinc may be particularly beneficial. "There's no disagreement between scientists and doctors that vitamin D is important for the immune system," David Sinclair, Ph.D., said during a recent mbg podcast episode. While Amy Shah, M.D., notes that vitamin C is such an important nutrient for immune support.

Supplements are also an option, but Katz points out these should be used as "supplemental to, not substitutes for a high-quality diet."

3. Swap in plants when you can.

"Since our diets tend to be heavy on animal foods, and most people consume too few fruits and vegetables, the more you can shift to plant foods the better," says Katz. That includes an array of fruits, veggies, whole grains, beans, lentils, nuts, and seeds. "Basically, any time you can eat a plant instead of an animal, do."

Other experts agree with this sentiment, including Jeffrey Bland, Ph.D. "If we go back to the cultures that have respected longevity and ask what they ate, we find that they're eating very hearty plants," he shared in a recent mbg podcast episode.

Of course, there are other measures you can takebut a healthy diet doesn't need to be overly complex, by any means. As Katz puts it, "It's just that simple; it's just that powerful. It's actionable, it's immediate, and there's never been a better time."

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Why Aren't We Talking More About Nutrition Amid COVID-19? - Anti Aging News