Social Distancing And Booking Apps: What To Expect On Italian Beaches This Summer – Forbes

A view taken on July 2, 2020 shows tourist and residents sunbathing and swimming at a beach in ... [+] Amalfi on the Amalfi coast in southern Italy. - With its white and multicoloured houses perched on the mountainside about the crystalline waters of the Mediterranean, Italy's Amalfi coast is suffering from this year's lack of US tourists. (Photo by Filippo MONTEFORTE / AFP) (Photo by FILIPPO MONTEFORTE/AFP via Getty Images)

While the coronavirus pandemic in Italy continues to decrease - new cases are now around 200 a day - around the country people are starting to plan and go on summer holidays.

Now that the EU has opened its internal borders to all member states and its external borders to a number of other countries, Italy expects a fair amount of foreign tourists to arrive to its coasts as well. According to the National Tourism Agency (ENIT) in the last week of June bookings from abroad have increased by 43%, although it is foreseen that by the end of 2020 there will be a fall of 55% in the number of international tourists sojourning in Italy.

To encourage and sustain local tourism, with the latest decree the government has established a vacation bonus, where Italian families would receive a voucher of 500 ($566) to pay for domestic accommodation. While there are problems with it (it has been reported that only one in five hotels accept it as a form of payment) Italians are still eager to visit their own country during the summer season. According to recent polls, 93% of them will remain in Italy.

To ensure safety, resorts have been setting up new measures - hand-washing stations and distanced umbrellas - but beach attendance as a whole is not a very different experience from what it used to be before the coronavirus crisis started.

In the region of Liguria, among the classic destinations of northern Italians, for example, specific websites have been set up to account for how crowded the beaches are, helping bathers direct themselves to different resorts without fearing to not be admitted. There is no need for reservation. To ordinate the flow, there are also a number of stewards, to ensure that everyone can have a safe and enjoyable time.

We work 9 hours a day, from Monday to Sunday. Our association also owns an environmental certification, explains Michelangelo La Tegola, at the head of beach operations in the towns of Camogli, San Fruttuoso, Santa Margherita and Rapallo.

On the beaches of Tuscany, instead, lists are made with the names of those coming to the beach, to allow for better tracing if anyone is found to be positive to the virus. The coasts of Maremma and Argentario, being more spacious compared to those of Liguria, also allow for more people at the same time. However, the summer season here is yet to get back to its regular attendance levels.

Many clients have cancelled on the beach umbrellas or the camper vans areas due to money shortages, a lack of break time from work or just for the fear that the Covid-19 has generated. But many others, mostly freelance workers, are coming here for the first time, says Sergio Morettoni, the owner of a local beach resort.

In the region of Campania, home to the iconic Amalfi and Positano beaches, many resorts have adopted phone apps, such as Skiply and Prenota Lido to book ones attendance at the beach. There are three time slots options (between 7 a.m. and 1 p.m; between 1 p.m. and 7 p.m.; or for the entire day) and some of them also allow to directly order food or drinks at the beach bar, without the need to queue. Reservation is also needed for the free beaches by calling the number 089 763810. For non residents there is a fee of 1 ($1.13) a day to attend the beach.

While needing to ensure safety to all workers and tourists, it appears that a fair balance has been found to ensure that the holiday season in Italy goes smoothly. In the country, currently the debate is rather focusing on the concessions of beach resorts, which with the latest decree have been extended until 2033. The topic has been controversial for many years, specifically since the EU approved in 2006 the so-called Bolkestein Directive, which requires that a tender system is established in the field of concessions.

Italy has managed to avoid applying the directive for many years, based on the fact that beach management is usually a family-run local business, which would be damaged by international competition. Yet, the concession system as it is now is believed to fundamentally damage the Italian State, by granting permission to operate a beach for a very cheap price and for an extended period of time (concessions are generally renewed automatically and passed on between members of the same family once they expire).

Because of this, a number of politicians in Italy have been calling for a change in the system, or at least for an increase in rental prices for the beach managers. For the moment, though, it does not appear that this is going to happen. All in all, the summer in Italy is not going to be very different from before.

Continue reading here:

Social Distancing And Booking Apps: What To Expect On Italian Beaches This Summer - Forbes

Visiting Rehoboth Beach? What you need to know about the new face mask requirement – Delmarva Now

Delaware beach goers were encouraged to social distance as COVID-19 continues to spike in beach towns. Wochit

Rehoboth Beach residents and visitors no longer have to wear a face mask on the beach as long as social distancing is possible.

You'll still have to wear a mask when entering and leaving the beach area.But lounging on the beach with family, swimming, exercising and working on that tancan all be done mask-less, unless the beach gets too crowded andsocial distancing of six feet can't be maintained.

Facial coverings must still be worn in all other public areas. That includes the Boardwalk, public parks, public sidewalks, public streets and commercial establishments within city limits. They are not required when exercising as long as you can maintain six feet from others.

Cases confirmed at Rehoboth Beach: 10 more lifeguards test positive for COVID-19

Tuesday's announcement comesless than a week after city commissioners concerned with a lack of social distancing and a recent spike in COVID-19 cases in eastern Sussex made it mandatory for people to wear facial coverings in all public places, including on the beach.

While Bethany also requires people on the Boardwalk to wear a mask, Rehobothis currently the only resort town along the Delaware coast that specifically targeted beachgoers.

Crowds came out on July 4th to Rehoboth Beach, as seen from atop the Atlantic Sands.(Photo: Chuck Snyder/Special to Delaware News Journal)

The short-lived mandate made for a 4th of July weekend like no other, and sparked major concern from both visitors and Rehoboth businesses.

Delaware health officials also reported Tuesday a 6.34% positive testing rate in the Rehoboth/Dewey area, after 264 people recently tested positive for the coronavirus.

State officials ramped up testing in the beach area after seeing outbreaks there. Theyconducted more than4,000 testsover the past week. Most people who tested positive were asymptomatic, health officials said Tuesday.

Prison virus outbreak: Delaware fighting coronavirus outbreak at Sussex prison

Rehoboth businesses took a major economic hit over the 4th of July weekend as a result of the mask requirement, according toRehoboth Beach-Dewey Beach Chamber of Commerce president Carol Everhart.

Everharttold commissioners during a meeting Tuesday that hotels reported $833,000 in lost revenue over the holidayweekend, compared to last4th of July.

"We immediately began to get calls from hotels and restaurants about cancellations," Everhart said. "It wasn't all the masks, but that was the main reason for the cancellations. I'm not getting complaints about wearing a mask anywhere but on the beach."

Kuhns disagreed, saying a major reason for the light crowds was the cancellation of Rehoboth's Independence Day fireworks, which the city nixed back in April.

Rehoboth Beach at noon on Saturday was packed with holiday beachgoers.(Photo: Courtesy of Maj. Gary Emeigh, Civil Air Patrol)

"I think absolutely having a mask on the beach did something, but there werent any fireworks," he said during the meeting."(People) were afraid to come because of the outbreak in the eastern part of the county."

Gov. John Carney also slowed down the proposed phase threeof the state's reopening after spikes in positive COVID-19 cases, particularlyby Delaware's beaches.

Everhart said she also surveyed 15 retail businesses, most of which said they were off in revenue by60% to 70%compared to last year's Independence Day weekend.

"Those who have been infected with the virus are not the only victims here," commissioner Edward Chrzanowski said during the meeting."We have to think about the town overall, the business community."

Read or Share this story: https://www.delmarvanow.com/story/news/local/delaware/2020/07/07/rehoboth-beach-face-masks-no-longer-required-officials-announce/5393810002/

Read more:

Visiting Rehoboth Beach? What you need to know about the new face mask requirement - Delmarva Now

Nearly All SoCal Beaches To Remain Closed This Holiday Weekend – CBS Los Angeles

LOS ANGELES (CBSLA) Almost all Southland beaches will be closed for the holiday weekend, but not everyone is planning to stay away.

I figured I was by myself, there was no one really around, said John Campbell, who managed to get in a swim in Friday. I wont do it on the weekend but today was kind of a chill day.

In Venice and Santa Monica, images showed a few beach-goers Friday as well, with lifeguards not appearing to enforce the holiday beach closure.

Some in Santa Monica were seen watching the beach from a nearby park, to still get the beachfront views but stay in line with coronavirus rules.

While the beaches were closed, there werent strong enforcements from police officers in Venice, but instead, officers relied on the honor system.

And some visitors say, even as they comply with COVID-19 restrictions, they do not want to see a crackdown on beach-goers.

Its such a controversial topic, said Victor Zaud. Everyone wants to have their freedom. It is just really complicated and really confusing. Im glad they are deterring people from coming to the beach.

Elsewhere, in Manhattan Beach, where the number of confirmed cases has gone from 80 at the beginning of June to 140 at the beginning of this week, police are policing.

The department plans to use 14 event staffers to help police spread the word about the beach, parking lots, and bike path shutdowns.

Honestly, I wasnt notified that the bike path was closed. There are so many people biking here, said Nunya Brooks, a Santa Monica resident.

View original post here:

Nearly All SoCal Beaches To Remain Closed This Holiday Weekend - CBS Los Angeles

The best gadgets for the beach and pool: Tech Support – Yahoo Canada Finance

Welcome to Tech Support, a segment where I, Dan Howley, serve as your intrepid guide through the sometimes confusing, often frustrating, world of personal technology.

Here, I answer all of your most pressing questions about the various gizmos, gadgets, and services you use in your everyday life.

Have a question of your own? Reach me on Twitter at @danielhowley or email me at dhowley@yahoofinance.com.

Now, on to your questions. This week's dilemma:

Its summertime, and if youre able to get to the beach, or just want to hangout at your backyard pool, there are plenty of gadgets that youll likely want to bring along with you. But water and sand dont really mix very well with our favorite tech toys.

Thankfully, there are still a number of speakers, headphones, and e-readers out there that can handle taking a dip, and more, and keep on ticking. These are some of the top gadgets you can take on your trip to the beach or the pool.

The UE Wonderboom 2 is a waterproof speaker than can float and withstand drops of up to 5 feet. (Image: UE)

Ultimate Ears (LOGI) Wonderboom 2 speaker costs you $99 and promises up to 13 hours of battery life from its compact design, though The Wirecutter says its more like 8 hours. Waterproof and dust proof, the circular speaker is buoyant enough to float in your pool, so you dont have to worry about taking a dive to grab it if it slips in.

UE says the Wonderboom 2 can survive drops as high as 5 feet, meaning even if it takes a tumble, itll keep rocking.

If youre looking for something more powerful, and expensive, you can also opt for the Sonos Move. Starting at $399, the Move can handle dust and mists of water, but you cant submerge it like the Wonderboom 2. But if you want impressive audio, and have the money to burn, the Move is a solid option.

Apple's AirPods Pros are both sweat and water resistant, making them great for listening while laying out in the sun. (Image: Apple)

If you just want to relax at the pool, or on the sand, and, like me, dont want everyone around you to hear your awful taste in music, youll want to get a pair of water resistant headphones. And for my money, the best pair around are Apples (AAPL) AirPods Pro. At $249, theyre a bit pricey, but the performance and sound quality are fantastic.

And if youre tired of listening to the couple 6 feet away chatting it up, you can use the Pros noise-cancelling technology to drown them out.

Its worth keeping in mind that the AirPods Pros are sweat and water resistant and not waterproof. So theyll handle your sweat from working out or hanging out in the sun, but dont douse them in water or take them swimming.

The Kindle Paperwhite can with withstand being dropped in up to 6 feet of water for an hour, and keep ticking. That's way better than your old paperback. (Image: Amazon)

Story continues

Want to relax with a good book while catching some rays, but dont want to lug around a heavy hardcover with the rest of your beach gear? Amazons (AMZN) Kindle Paperwhite is what youre looking for. Starting at $129 with 8GB of storage or $159 with 32GB of space, the Paperwhite can be used in direct sunlight thanks to its adjustable display, and it is surprisingly waterproof.

Amazon says the e-reader can last up to an hour in 6.5 feet of fresh water without calling it quits but doesnt say anything about salt water, so try to keep it on your beach blanket and out of the ocean.

The LifeProof Fre can take water, snow, and serious falls. (Image: LifeProof)

Most of todays smartphones are already waterproof, but that doesnt necessarily make them capable of surviving a drop in the sand or a dip in salt water. If youre the more adventurous type and want to use your phone in the ocean to capture underwater snaps or simply dont want to deal with sand getting into your device, you can always opt for a case like the LifeProof FR.

Available for $74.99, the FR can help your phone survive in up to 6 feet of water for an hour, withstand drops, dirt, and more. Ive used a FR case to take underwater shots in a pool, and it worked incredibly well. Taking my phone into the ocean, though, is too much of a risk for me.

The Apple Watch can function in water as deep as 150 feet, even in the ocean. (Image: Apple)

If youre the kind of person who likes to exercise at the pool or beach, we probably wouldnt be friends. But that doesnt mean you shouldnt be able to track your exercises with a waterproof smart watch. Both the Apple Watch and Fitbits (FIT) Versa 2 are waterproof and can be used to track your swim in a pool or the ocean.

The Apple Watch Series 3 starts at $199, while the Series 5 starts at $399. The Versa 2 starts at $199. The decision comes down to your personal preference for styling and functionality. Either way, youll still be able to record your aquatic workouts, while I lie out in the sun sipping my pia colada from a red Solo cup so the lifeguards dont notice.

Got a tip? Email Daniel Howley atdhowley@yahoofinance.comover via encrypted mail atdanielphowley@protonmail.com, and follow him on Twitter at@DanielHowley.

More from Dan:

Follow Yahoo Finance onTwitter,Facebook,Instagram,Flipboard,SmartNews,LinkedIn,YouTube, andreddit

Read the original:

The best gadgets for the beach and pool: Tech Support - Yahoo Canada Finance

Teen drowns, 5 rescued from strong currents in Long Beach – WPIX 11 New York

LONG BEACH, L.I. A young man drowned and five of his friends had to be rescued from dangerous rip currents on Long Island Thursday as an impending tropical storm is already causing deadly conditions in our area.

According to police, it was around 7 p.m. when the group of six young adults went swimming in the waters off Long Beach and soon had to be rescued by nearby good Samaritans.

Lifeguards and surfers in the area rushed to save the group, authorities said.

They were able to pull all six people out of the water, but sadly a 19-year-old from Queens was in cardiac arrest and later died, police said.

According to authorities, the five other swimmers were treated on the scene and released.

Officials said the current was strong near the jetty due to approaching Tropical Storm Fay.

The National Weather Service warned there is a high rip current risk in effect Friday morning through Saturday night for coastal areas of Long Island, as well as Queens and Brooklyn in the city.

Anyone who heads to beaches Friday or Saturday is advised to avoid swimming if possible and stay out of the surf if they do get into the water.

PIX11 News

The National Hurricane Center issued a Tropical Storm Warning for parts of New York and New Jersey on Thursday evening.

The entire coast from Connecticut to New Jersey is under the warning. Heavy downpours are expected Friday, along with gusts of 30 to 40 mph. Dangerous rip currents, high surf and beach erosion are expected along the coast.

Tracking Tropical Storm Fay for Friday

Read more from the original source:

Teen drowns, 5 rescued from strong currents in Long Beach - WPIX 11 New York

Beach Access Activists Protest Private Fence Abutting the Old Saybrook Town Beach – CT Examiner

OLD SAYBROOK An illegal fence, the town line, the mean high water mark and the broader issue of public access to beaches and Long Island Sound were the focus of a second sit-in protest next to the town beach Thursday.

This has been a long-time problem for years that fence comes and goes but its here every year. This year it seems to have gotten bigger and its farther out, said Vicki Taccardi, who grew up in Old Saybrook.

Taccardi was one of a dozen protesters gathered inside a fence erected by the homeowner of 99 Plum Bank Road, a property that abuts the town beach.That fence blocks public access to a three-foot-wide strip of town-owned land that parallels the jetty.

The fence is located about 30 feet beyond the property line, legally determined by the mean high water mark, which changes from year to year and is now less than a foot from the foundation of the house.

The high tide mark is the public trust, its as simple as that, said Carl Fortuna, first selectman of the town, who came to the beach to meet with the group on Thursday.

Fortuna sent a letter, dated July 7, to the homeowner, Carol McCurdy, of Maplewood, N.J., stating that the town had received multiple complaints and a police investigation was underway about the snow fence on the property that poses a hazardous condition and is blocking public access to the water from Town Beach.

The high tide mark is the public trust, its as simple as that, said Carl Fortuna, first selectman of the town, who came to the beach to meet with the group on Thursday.

A property marker was found along the boundary line. The snow fence between your property and the Town Beach has shifted and/or has been moved approximately 3 feet onto Town property. Please relocate your fence onto your property, Fortuna wrote.

The bigger issue of breaching the mean high water mark falls under the jurisdiction of the Department of Energy and Environmental Protection.

On June 24, an inspection was conducted by Kevin Zawoy, an environmental analyst for DEEP, Christina Costa, Zoning Enforcement Officer for Old Saybrook, and Heather Stratidis, a patrolman for the Old Saybrook Police Department.

On July 8, Brian P. Thompson, the director of Land and Water Resources Division Bureau of Water Protection and Land Reuse for DEEP, sent McCurdy a notice of non-compliance, that referenced the June 24 inspection.

During that inspection it was determined that you have installed and/or maintained an unauthorized approximately 50 linear foot long wooden fence along the shoreline of your property. The fence is anticipated to be located waterward of the Coastal Jurisdiction Line and potentially waterward of Mean High Water blocking public access to Town Beach. Such activity appears to have been conducted without authorization required pursuant to the Connecticut General Statutes section 22a-361, he wrote.

Thompson asked for McCurdy to address the non-compliance issues before July 30 by either removing the fence or submitting a recent site survey with certain stipulations.

According to Bart Gullong, 72, a fourth-generation town resident who brought his beach chair to the sit-in, the homeowners have harangued beachgoers for decades.

When I was 10 years old walking this beach I believe it was his father who used to yell at me, he said. I was out on the flats, I was probably about 30 feet down from the fence.

But the fence raises bigger issues, Gullong said.

At the end of the day its not so much the fence as it is the attitude, he said.

Margaret Murray, a longtime Old Saybrook resident, agreed.

Its not one fence, its the attitude that the beach is owned by the homeowners, she said.

Linda Mahal, a member of Connecticut Coastal Public Access Defense, said the issue at the town beach was symbolic of a larger right to maintain public access to the waterfront below the mean high tide line.

According to Mahal, local police have interceded on behalf of the property owners to support the harassment and eviction of beachgoers on the land next to the town beach.

Were concerned that police understand the rights of the public to the waterfront to public trust land, that they will defend the rights of the public and not support the whims of the property owners. This is not just one grumpy property owner, she said.

The previous Thursday, the group held a sit-in at 99 Plum Bank Road that included crossing the illegal fence and standing or sitting on the interior beach area. The homeowner allegedly called the police three times.

Natasha Simes-Vandersloot, a town resident, said the police showed up twice and did not show up for the third call from the homeowner.

Fortuna said he had no knowledge of the police calls. Asked about the matter last week, Police Chief Michael Spera said that the matter had not come to his attention.

When asked about the prevalence of the fence problem, Zawoy said he had not dealt with any other fences this summer.

Its really an issue between the state and the town, said Fortuna. It really shouldnt be a police issue. Theyre being called to intercede in basically a civil matter, an enforcement matter for the town and the state.

The McCurdy family was not home during Thursdays sit-in and could not be reached for comment.

This story has been edited for clarity and to correct Linda Mahals connection to Connecticut Coastal Public Access Defense. Mahal is a member rather than founder of the group.

Read more:

Beach Access Activists Protest Private Fence Abutting the Old Saybrook Town Beach - CT Examiner

Crowds flock to Wilmington-area beaches for July 4th weekend – StarNewsOnline.com

While some beaches across the nation were closed due to COVID-19 concerns for the Fourth of July Weekend, Wilmington-area beaches remained opened. By Friday morning, they were already drawing large crowds.

UNCW senior Gabby Kovalenko arrived at Wrightsville Beach at 9 a.m. and secured the last parking spot in an open lot.

An hour later, vehicles were lined up in front of multiple lots, waiting for an open space. Many lots were at full capacity.

Ready for full coverage of Southeastern North Carolina? Subscribe to the StarNews

Vehicles also parked along the side of the road, some with bright orange parking tickets peeking from their windshields.

By 11:45 a.m., the traffic slowly creeped its way to the beach from the bridge while Kovalenko and her friends sat on a bench outside of Zekes Beans and Bowls eating lunch. They walked there from the beach.

"Once you get a parking spot don't leave until you are ready to go home," Kovalenko said.

The UNCW senior said there was also a large crowd at Wrightsville Beach on Tuesday. Like many, she and her friends took advantage of having Friday off and headed to the beach to enjoy the bright, sunny day.

By mid-afternoon, the traffic had also become heavy at Carolina Beach.

The beach was crowded with families, spaced out from another as much as possible. Many sat underneath umbrellas while others headed out to the water.

High schooler Destiny Moore and her parents were in town visiting family for the week. She sat on one of the many swings overlooking the beach, gliding back and forth.

"Ive kept my distance from everybody," Moore said of her time on the beach.

Behind her, the Carolina Beach Boardwalk was sparse compared to the crowded beach. The line outside of Britts Donuts was only three people deep. Some individuals strolling the boardwalk or sunning themselves in the sand wore masks, while others didnt.

Hilario Pagoada, his wife and young kids made the trip from Fayetteville to enjoy the three-day weekend.

"From what I have seen, everyone is trying to keep their space, even in the water everybody is doing a good job," Pagoada said. "Its been a fun time so far."

Read more:

Crowds flock to Wilmington-area beaches for July 4th weekend - StarNewsOnline.com

Fast 9 star might have revealed that the movie goes to space – digitalspy.com

Fast & Furious 9 star Ludacris has potentially given away that the franchise is about to head into space.

The idea that space was the final frontier for the Fast franchise has been a long-running joke, but given how outlandish the series has become, we wouldn't be too surprised.

Appearing on Sirius XM's The Jess Cagle Show, Ludacris explained how the delay on the release of Fast 9 has given the creative minds behind the franchise more time to make the film (and possible sequels) some of the best of all time.

Prince Williams / ContributorGetty Images

Co-host Julia Cunningham then said: "I don't even know creatively what they could come up with to wow us even though I know they do every time.

"I'm like, space has to be involved, submarines, I don't even know. In my mind I can't imagine what happens in the next movie."

Ludacris responded: "You just said something very important. I will say that you are very intuitive, cause you said something right, but I'm not going to give it away."

"It was space I said space," Julia then shouted, to which the rapper simply put his hand over his mouth, so as not to say anything more.

Related: Vin Diesel hints there's a "big surprise" coming for Fast & Furious 9

Obviously, this could all be a big wind up, but we're actually kind of excited about the possibility of seeing the gang potentially hop in a spaceship.

Last year, Fast & Furious screenwriter Chris Morgan admitted that "nothings out of the question" when asked whether we could see Dominic Toretto and the gang travel to space one day.

"It just has to be cool and it has to be good," he explained in an interview with Polygon. "You know, thats the thing. I would say nothing is off-limits as long as we can stay on the right side of keeping the audience engaged."

Fast & Furious 9 will be released in April 2021.

Fast & Furious 8-Film Collection DVD (1-8 Box Set) [2017]

24.99

Fast & Furious 8 (Amazon Prime)

amazon.co.uk

Fast & Furious 7 [Blu-ray] [2017] [Region Free]

3.54

Fast & Furious 6 (Limited Edition Steelbook) [Blu-ray] [2013] [Region Free]

6.50

Fast & Furious 1-6 (includes sneak peek of Fast & Furious 7) [Blu-ray] [2015]

Universal Picturesamazon.co.uk

Fast & Furious 5 [DVD] [2011]

Universal Picturesamazon.co.uk

Fast & Furious 1-8 (4K + Blu-ray) [2019] [Region Free]

Fast & Furious Monopoly Board Game

23.71

Digital Spy now has a newsletter sign up to get it sent straight to your inbox.

Want up-to-the-minute entertainment news and features? Just hit 'Like' on our Digital Spy Facebook page and 'Follow' on our @digitalspy Instagram and Twitter accounts.

This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io

This commenting section is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page. You may be able to find more information on their web site.

Continued here:

Fast 9 star might have revealed that the movie goes to space - digitalspy.com

For the first time in eight years, a Russian woman will fly to the ISS. Who is she? – Russia Beyond

Roscosmos/Globallookpress

In the fall of 2022, Roscosmos, the Russian space agency, plans to send Anna Kikina, Russias only current female cosmonaut, to the International Space Station (ISS). We give the lowdown on who she is and how she passed the selection process.

35-year-old Anna Kikina was born on Aug. 27, 1984, in Novosibirsk. At school, she excelled at sport. In 2005, she took a first aid instructor course under the Russian Ministry of Emergencies, and in 2006 graduated from the engineering faculty of the Novosibirsk State Academy of Water Transport with the specialization Protection in Emergency Situations. Two years later, in 2008, she received another degree from the same university, this time in Economics and Management (Transport Industry).

Later Anna decided to dabble in journalism and became a radio host on Radio Siberia. And in her free time she competed in multisport events and did white-water rafting, receiving the title of Master of Sport in both disciplines. Another hobby is parachuting, and Kikina already has 151 jumps under her belt. According to the online newspaper Lenta.ru, she loves books and films, especiallyThe Lord of the RingsandAvatar.

Anna Kikina during a press conference dedicated to the experiment on ground simulation of the flight to the moon SIRIUS-17 in Moscow

In 2012, on learning that Roscosmos was looking for trainee cosmonauts, Anna decided to apply.

It was a bolt from the blue. I was just calmly living my life when a colleague at the radio station told me the cosmonaut corps was recruiting. I joked, Sure, we'll be flying to space soon. Then when I realized it was true, the idea of becoming a cosmonaut got stuck in my head, Kikina recalls her decision to go for it.

The selection process lasted about a year, during which time the number of applicants was whittled down to 304, including 43 women. Among the eight candidates finally selected, Anna was the only woman.

NASA astronaut Anna Lee Fischer (left) and Roscosmos cosmonaut Anna Kikina during a meeting at the cosmonautics Museum

Anna was assigned to the position of test cosmonaut only in 2014, since when she has been preparing to fly into space. One of the most difficult tests was the SIRIUS isolation experiment in November 2017, which simulated a flight to the Moon.

On June 27, 2020, a messageappearedin the official Twitter account of Roscosmos that Kikina would be heading to the ISS as part of a Russian crew in two years. The head of the Russian cosmonaut corps, Oleg Kononenko, live on air during the popular Russian talk showEvening Urgant, announced that the flight would take place in the fall.

Cosmonaut Anna Kikina during a meeting at the cosmonautics Museum

In an interview withGlamormagazine, Kikina admits that she has no time for the romance of space travel.

The launch, approach and docking are the crucial flight phases. Theres no room for emotion. Only after docking with the ISS can you relax a tiny bit, observe the Earth and realize that your dream has come true, explains Anna.

She hopes that in future more women will join the Russian cosmonaut corps.

Sure, its not boring for me [in the cosmonaut corps], but it would be better if there were more women. Earth is home to so many women and men, yet for some reason theres only one woman in the corps. I hope and believe that the next selection, which is already underway, will pick more women, she said.

The last Russian woman to fly into space was Elena Serova, who spent 167 days aboard the ISS from September 2014 to March 2015. She was the fourth Soviet/Russian female cosmonaut in history.

If using any of Russia Beyond's content, partly or in full, always provide an active hyperlink to the original material.

Check your email to confirm the subscribtion

') }, error: function() { $email.val(''); alert('An unknown error occurred. Try later.'); } }); } }); }; initFormSubmit(); $completeButton.on('click', function (evt) { evt.preventDefault(); evt.window.location.reload(); }); }());

Excerpt from:

For the first time in eight years, a Russian woman will fly to the ISS. Who is she? - Russia Beyond

The comics that Cork kids used to read… – Echo Live

CAN you remember running down eagerly to the newsagents on the corner every Tuesday (or Wednesday, or Saturday) afternoon, hot coins clutched in your hand, to seize your copy of , the , , , ? And then taking it home and devouring every page, ignoring all calls to do your homework or lay the table for tea, until you had got right to the back page and the small ads? They meant nothing to you then, but you read them anyway. And next day at school you discussed the latest adventures of The Bash Street Kids, Lord Snooty, or Dennis the Menace. Would Roy of the Rovers score that vital goal? Would people one day actually fly into outer space, like Dan Dare? They opened up a magical world to our young eyes, those comics.

Light reading for children has been around for quite a long time, although the earliest publications would seem rather formal and serious to our television-jaded eyes now. , , , would have been familiar to our grandparents, while young gentlemen being groomed at boarding school avidly read , in which Billy Bunter, the fat owl of the Remove first appeared.

The great golden age of comics, though, started in 1905 with an enterprising Dundee publishing house. The town became known for generations as The Three Js Jam, Jute, and Journalism: for its marmalade, its sailmaking, and the publishing firm of D. C. Thomson. As well as a range of newspapers, Thomsons brought out dozens of comic titles, two of which at least are still familiar to millions - and , first appearing in 1937 and 1938 respectively. And werent the characters they introduced totally part of our lives? Dennis the Menace, Minnie the Minx, Desperate Dan, Korky the Cat, The Bash Street Kids, Roger the Dodger, Little Plum, Lord Snooty, Biffo the Bear? Quite often the characters were shown as misbehaving, or generally acting against adult advice, which was heady stuff for us back then. Earlier publications would have stressed good behaviour; now, for the first time, naughtiness was becoming the norm.

Older boys were delighted when first appeared in 1950. More upmarket than most, its biggest attraction was undoubtedly Dan Dare: Pilot of the Future. Oddly enough, Eagle was founded by an Anglican vicar who wanted to bring out a comic based on Christian values. At first he intended Dan Dare to be chaplain to an interplanetary patrol, but that idea somehow got sidelined as the excitement of space missions took hold of young minds. Dans exploits in outer space were so popular indeed that they became a serial on Radio Luxembourg as well. Who can remember listening to those thrilling episodes after tea, perhaps having nightmares afterwards about the frightening green Mekon, arch-enemy of the redoubtable pilot? Incidentally, a young writer called Arthur C. Clarke was a consultant on these programmes.

Other popular strip stories in Eagle which went on to become legends were Riders of the Range, P.C.49, Harris Tweed, Luck of the Legion, and more, but a big attraction to mechanically-minded boys was the centre section which had detailed cutaway diagrams of advanced machinery, so that the actual workings could be understood. And, with increasing commercialisation, there was a members club, and you could buy items related to the stories printed. How many parents were pleaded with, one wonders?

appeared in 1939, a rival to the and . It featured The Steam Man (a robot), Sexton Blake, a revival of Billy Bunter as a comic strip instead of a text story, and, perhaps best remembered, Our Ernie Mrs. Entwistles Little Lad. This was the enduring adventures of a Wigan child at a time when most of us had no idea where Wigan, or indeed industrial Lancashire was and every episode ended with his dads catchphrase, Daft, I calls it.

first came out in 1954, and was immediately popular for its comic-strip character Roy of the Rovers, a brave lad who played for Melchester Rovers and could always be relied upon to come through at the final whistle. Other popular strips in were Hot Shot Hamish and Jet Ace Logan.

is a real oldie, first appearing in 1920, when the movie industry was barely getting to its feet, but continuing right up into the Sixties. Basically, it highlighted the comedy celebrities who could be seen in your local cinema, with skilful cartoonists emphasising their most instantly recognisable features. Kids of the 30s and 40s loved to see stories based around Old Mother Riley, George Formby, or Fatty Arbuckle, while Laurel and Hardy, one of the few duos to make a successful transition from silent to sound, were in every issue right up to the end, when the older stars were being replaced by the new breed such as Tony Hancock, Terry Thomas, and even Morecambe and Wise. At its height, before WWII, sold around 800,000 copies a week. It also had thrilling detective stories, and tales about famous cowboy screen stars like Roy Rogers and Gene Autry. So while with Dan Dare you had the spin off from strip cartoon to radio, with you had the leap sideways from screen to page.

Thats all very well, you might say, but what about the girls? They were not usually quite as interested in space travel or courageous cowboys, and football left them cold. So what did they read? Well, the range of publications for girls, whether young or teenage, was exceptionally wide.

came out in 1935 as a story paper, but changed to comic format in 1953, with the increasing demand for less text and more pictures which characterised the new age. Regular strips included Princess Anita, a Ruritanian aristocrat who donned peasant garb and moved among her people in order to do good; Jill Crusoe, a castaway on a desert island who befriends a young native girl; and Dilly Dreem, the scatty schoolgirl. It merged with in 1963, when one of the real greats of the comic strip canon was born: The Silent Three. This was the long-running tale of a trio of well-bred boarding school girls who put on monks robes in order to solve mysteries and prevent crime, and it was hugely popular. That had a subsequent rebirth of an unusual kind when in May 1977 the renowned artist Posy Simmonds started a weekly comic strip for the , titled the Silent Three of St Botolphs, showing what the girls had become in later life middle class, middle-aged, somewhat disillusioned. It was a brilliantly witty series, and gathered later into several books.

, which ran from 1951 to 1964, was created as a sister publication to Eagle, and was definitely intended to be more educational in outlook than the usual comics, with heroines who might get into scrapes, but also were involved in distinctly moral and indeed adventurous tales. Angela, Air Hostess; Belle of the Ballet; Claudia of the Circus; Robbie of Red Hall; and Lettice Leefe: The Greenest Girl in the School, who obviously competed with Dilly Dreem in . It also featured the biographies of real-life heroic women, showing what you could do if you tried.

Ballet and horse riding were sure-fire winners with young female readers back then, and publishers knew this. Most girls comics featured either or both.

became an instant hit with its first issue in 1960, which introduced Sandra of the Secret Ballet., which came out two years earlier (they were both Thomson comics) had first Moira Kent, and then Lorna Drake, both appealing to youngsters dreaming of stardom in a sparkling tutu. Forbidden to Ride, featuring an amnesiac girl and the horse she loves, was another popular Bunty story.

There was such a range of weekly delights available, for boys and girls, from toddlers to teenagers, with an incredible variety of stories, be it about pet dogs (Black Bob, anyone?) or exotic locations, brave heroes or determined down and outs who somehow win through. There was something for everyone, and those brilliantly-drawn comic strips drew us into a world of dreams where anything might happen, and usually did.

And come Christmas, there was the joy of the annual, a full quarto sized book with all your favourite characters, just right for reading after dinner while the parents reposed. You might be given yours as a gift, or you could put some money down each week at a local shop like Woollams in MacCurtain St, and finally pick up the coveted volume on Christmas Eve. While the weekly papers rarely survive, and those which do can go for high prices, there are many of the old annuals kept lovingly tucked away at the back of bookshelves, memories of more innocent days when the violence and horror of modern TV were unthinkable.

What were the comic strips you most loved? Which ones do you still remember as if it were yesterday? Email me at [emailprotected]

Read more:

The comics that Cork kids used to read... - Echo Live

Oppression and Regime Survival: Will Trump’s reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement bring about his exit? – Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)

Since George Floyds brutal killing by the police in May, demonstrations have spread to more than 2,000 major cities and villages in the United States. Black Lives Matter (BLM) is probably the most widespread movement in the countrys history. In addition, we have seen huge global support, with demonstrations in more than 50 countries.

Black Lives Matter protest against St. Paul police brutality, 2015. Photo: Fibonacci Blue / CC BY 2.0 / Flickr

This is not the first time such protests have taken place in the United States. In 1967, two police officers assaulted and arrested a cab driver, leading to large-scale protests in New Jersey. In 1992, the acquittal of police officers, following their prosecution for beating up Rodney King, triggered major riots in Los Angeles. This was the last time that the army was used to halt protests. In the 28 years that have passed since then, no American president has either threatened to use, or actually used, the Insurrection Act, until now.

On June 1, after less than a week of protests, Trump threatened to invoke the Insurrection Act and bring in the National Guard to stop the protests. This threat triggered strong criticism, even amongst the presidents fellow Republicans. The police have used stun grenades and tear gas to break up the recent protests. A number of journalists covering the protests have been attacked by police forces. Curfews have been imposed. It is clear that the Trump administration has tried to violently suppress the BLM movement.

In general, there are three plausible consequences of a government using violence against protesters:

Violent suppression of protests increases the personal risk of participation, and accordingly has sometimes averted further protests. For example, the 1989 demonstrations against the Chinese regime ended after the massacre at Tiananmen Square, where it is estimated that up to 10,000 people were killed by the regime. Since then, there have been no demonstrations of similar size in China.

Another possible consequence of using violence to suppress largely non-violent demonstrations, is the escalation of non-violent protests into violent uprisings. It is easy to forget that the conflict in Syria started as a non-violent protest. Following the regimes brutal suppression of the protestors, however, the movement morphed into violent conflicts between opposing groups.

But violent suppression of opposition can also increase popular mobilization, because it increases discontent with the regime. In many protest campaigns, violent suppression by the regime has been a key factor in encouraging more people to join the protests.

In addition, oppressive actions by regimes have sometimes led key military leaders and other high-profile members of the regime to leave the regime and join the protesters. The downfall of Milosevic following demonstrations in Serbia in 2000 occurred after the army chief of staff stated that his troops would not obey an order to shoot at demonstrators. Without support from the military, it did not take long for the police to join the demonstrators, and Milosevic was forced to step down.

The enormous mobilizing force of the BLM movement may suggest that so far, the use of violence against demonstrators has encouraged more people to join the protests. When BLM demonstrations broke out in 2014, only 20 percent of respondents to surveys supported the demonstrators actions. Surveys in 2020 show a clear shift now 64% of respondents sympathize with the demonstrators.

The general public in both the US and internationally see excessive use of force by the state as unreasonable when demonstrations are peaceful. And if more violence is used, it is likely that this will encourage more people to take to the streets, and more members of the regime will withdraw their support for Trump. Already prominent Republicans, such as former Secretary of State Colin Powell, have said openly that they will vote for the Democratic candidate, Joe Biden, when the country goes to the polls in November. This is a direct reaction to the presidents handling of the demonstrations.

Research has shown that non-violent protests are successful more often than violent protests, partly because they are better at mobilizing large numbers of people. It is important to point out that when we talk about non-violent protests, we are referring to demonstrations that on the whole are primarily peaceful. What we have seen in the United States is a primarily peaceful campaign, that has attracted hundreds of thousands of people. Although some people have resorted to violence, this does not mean that the movement itself is violent.

The extent to which a movement is controlled by violence is key to its survival. Omar Wasow found in his research that in the period 196072, non-violent protests led by Black people in the United States generated greater media attention and an increased focus on civil rights when they encountered an oppressive response from the government. In addition, he found that Democratic presidential candidates increased their share of votes in states near cities involved in demonstrations.

If demonstrators resorted to violence, however, the focus tended to be more on maintaining control. This resort to violence is a central factor that can lead to movements losing support among the general public including among those who were initially on the demonstrators side. It can cause loss of the potential for mass mobilization and political breakthrough. It is clear that by referring to the demonstrators as terrorists and criminals, Trump is trying to steer the media to focus on the use of violence.

If the demonstrators succeed in their momentum and their generally peaceful approach, there is good reason to believe that the movement will lead to change both within the regime and among the general population. Perhaps also to a global awakening in other countries about the many faces of racism.

Follow this link:

Oppression and Regime Survival: Will Trump's reactions to the Black Lives Matter movement bring about his exit? - Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)

Why is the Washington Post so eager to rescue Ilhan Omar from herself? – Washington Examiner

Democratic Rep. Ilhan Omar of Minnesota said this week that the United States will never be a just and equal place so long as our economic and political structures prioritize profit, adding later that we must dismantle "the whole system of oppression, wherever we find it.

She said verbatim on Tuesday:

As long as our economy and political systems prioritize profit without considering who is profiting, who is being shut out, we will perpetuate this inequality. So we cannot stop at criminal justice system. We must begin the work of dismantling the whole system of oppression, wherever we find it.

Right-leaning news sites quickly picked up Omars remarks, reporting that she had advocated for the dismantling of the U.S. economy and its political system. This coverage prompted the Washington Post into action, publishing an exceptionally generous defense of her comments.

Omars words are being rearranged, writes Washington Post senior political reporter Aaron Blake, and rather speculatively so.

He adds, Omar didnt directly connect the dismantling to the entire U.S. economy and political system. She instead invoked broader inequalities produced by how our economy and political systems have prioritized things, and then she said we should set about dismantling the whole system of oppression, wherever we find it.

The article goes on to say Omar herself "disputes" right-leaning news outlets' characterizations of her comments. However, by disputes, the report means only that the congresswoman tweeted an insult at Donald Trump Jr., who claimed this week that she wants to dismantle the United States economy and political system.

Does our education system know it has failed you? Omar said on social media. Your level of comprehension is such an embarrassment to our country, maybe someone can offer you free English classes.

This hardly reads like a rebuttal. Nor does it clarify what she meant when she said, We must begin the work of dismantling the whole system of oppression, wherever we find it."

The Washington Posts defense of Omar continues, suggesting that a less conspiratorial reading of her remarks is that she merely views the system of oppression as being a symptom of how weve prioritized things in our government and economy, without believing that setup is itself inherently oppressive that the system of oppression exists inside our government and economy, without it constituting the entire thing.

The article goes on:

If she was saying the entire system was oppressive and must be dismantled, why allow for the idea that this oppression exists in some places but not others? Why suggest the systems of oppression exist inside these larger systems, if you mean to say the entire thing is the system of oppression which must be dismantled?

Why indeed? Perhaps Omar herself could clarify this. Her spokesman did not respond to the Washington Examiners request for comment.

Blake's defense of Omar goes on interminably. But why launch such a defense? If there is an ambiguity here, why not look at what the congresswoman has said previously about reforming and dismantling U.S. institutions? As it turns out, there is quite a lot to see, as cataloged by conservative commentator and Washington Examiner contributor Drew Holden.

For example, the congresswoman has said we need to dismantle capitalism. She says our economy, schools, and even our system are rigged. Omar called for the end to colorblind admissions. She has called for the dismantling of the police department in her congressional district. Omar has called for the abolition of the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. She claims the U.S.s refugee and asylum system, which her family used successfully and very much to their advantage when they fled Somalia, is oppressive. Omar claims employer-provided healthcare is part of an inhuman system.

At this point, it may be easier to catalog the institutions Omar does not think are "oppressive" and "inhuman" and need to be abolished, dismantled, or otherwise destroyed. It may even fill an entire cocktail napkin.

Honestly, perhaps the real marvel here is that right-leaning news organizations find it a story at all when Omar says we need to dismantle the U.S. economy and its political system. Indeed, her remarks this week about pulling down American institutions, which she has not actually disputed saying, are exactly in character for her. This is not new territory for Omar.

Visit link:

Why is the Washington Post so eager to rescue Ilhan Omar from herself? - Washington Examiner

How Black Lives Matter Inspired West Papuas Freedom Struggle – The Wire

The anti-racist protests in the United States have helped inspire movements against oppression and discrimination in many parts of the world. One striking example comes from West Papua, which has been ruled as a province of Indonesia since the 1960s, with Jakartas security forces clamping down hard on agitation for independence or autonomy. The slogan Papuan Lives Matter, modelled directly on the African-American struggle, has become a rallying cry for Papuan activists.

A recent wave of unrestbegan in August 2019after nationalist vigilantes attacked Papuan students in Indonesias second-largest city, Surabaya, and called them monkeys. They accused the students of insulting Indonesias national flag, which they categorically denied. The police then rounded up the students, firing teargas into their dormitory.

The scenes in Surabaya angered West Papuans who saw clips of the violence circulating via television and social media. They went on to organise one of the biggest anti-racism protests in modern Indonesian history. Thousands of people from all over West Papua attended rallies, holding signs that declared West Papuans are not monkeys. The initial protest wavelasted for several weeks, but its repercussions are still being felt today.

No free choice

Like the other Indonesian provinces, West Papua is a former colony of the Netherlands. However, it remained under Dutch rule when Indonesia became an independent state after the Second World War. Indonesia took control of the province in the 1960s, calling it Irian Jaya, in what was meant to be a temporary arrangement until a referendum could be organised to determine its status.

When the so-called Act of Free Choice was eventually held in August 1969, it clearly did not represent the will of the people. Just 1,026 delegates, handpicked by the Indonesian military, took part in the exercise less than 2% of the population of 800,000. In a cablefrom July 1969, the US embassy in Jakarta described the nature of the referendum:

The Act of Free Choice (AFC) in West Irian is unfolding like a Greek tragedy, the conclusion preordained. The main protagonist, the GOI [Government of Indonesia], cannot and will not permit any resolution other than the continued inclusion of West Irian in Indonesia. Dissident activity is likely to increase but the Indonesian armed forces will be able to contain and, if necessary, suppress it.

Anothercablesent from the embassy that month suggested that the great majority of the population favour[s] a termination of Indonesian rule.

West Papuans who refused to accept the Indonesian occupation organised themselves to form the Free Papua Movement (OPM). A low-level insurgency has been simmering in the region ever since. In response, Indonesia has charged thousands of West Papuans with treason merely for expressing their political beliefs. Yet the movement continues to flourish.

The Indonesian state denied that West Papuans constitute a distinct community with their own Melanesian culture and sought toIndonesianizethe province after annexing it. The authorities in Jakarta encouraged migration of non-Papuans from Java, Sumatra, and other regions into West Papua, in a push for ethnic acculturation. The religious demography of the Christian-majority provincebegan to shiftas the Muslim population grew.

Also read: Whats At the Root of the Unrest in Indonesias Papua?

In spite of these developments, the influence of the Melanesian identity has been growing in West Papua. One manifestation of this is the popularity of the slogan Sorong-Samarai, which asserts a fraternal bond between West Papua and its ethnic neighbour Papua New Guinea. (Sorong and Samarai lie at the western and eastern extremes of the island respectively.)

Jakartas methodsAlthough it is little known in the United States, Washington played a key role in the annexation of West Papua, as the architect of the 1962New York Agreementthat paved the way for the Indonesian takeover and the Act of Free Choice. The US government approached the question of West Papua from the standpoint of the Cold War in the Pacific region.In the 1950s, the Soviet Uniongave supportto Sukarno, Indonesias first postindependence leader, while the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI), the worlds largest nonruling communist movement, aligned itself with China after the Sino-Soviet split.

The United States responded by supporting the 1965 coup of Indonesian army general Haji Mohammad Suharto against Sukarno: the CIA supplied its own list of PKI members across the country for Suhartos hit squads. In his bookThe Jakarta Method,Vincent Bevinshas documented this American-made program of mass murder, which supplied a template for future massacres in Latin America. After supporting the decisive annexation of West Papua by Suhartos regime, the United States also went on to endorse the Indonesian invasion of East Timor in the 1970s, which was followed by large-scale atrocities against the civilian population.

The US mining companyFreeportMcMoRanFretook a majority stake in West Papuas Grasberg mine, which contains some of the worlds largest gold and copper deposits. Henry Kissinger joined the companys board in the late 1980s. The company hascontinuedto exploit the regions natural resources to the present day, dumping waste and polluting West Papuas rivers and parks.

A 2005New York Timesreportfound that there was an intimate relationship between Freeport and the Indonesian security forces in the region:

From 1998 through 2004, Freeport gave military and police generals, colonels, majors and captains, and military units, nearly $20 million. Individual commanders received tens of thousands of dollars, in one case up to $150,000, according to the documents. They were provided by an individual close to Freeport and confirmed as authentic by current and former employees.

US support for the Indonesian regime continued despite brutal repression in West Papua and elsewhere. In 197778, Indonesia launchedextensive US-backed military operationsin the Papuan central highlands in response to popular unrest that was linked to the state-controlled Indonesian national elections of 1977. The Indonesian military used warplanes supplied by Washington tobomb villages. Thousands of civilians were killed. Totalestimatesof the civilian death toll since the Indonesian takeover range from at least 100,000 to as many 500,000 people.

West Papua is still Indonesias most violent province. AcademicBobby Andersonhas compared thehomicide ratesin West Papua with other countries around the world. He found that the homicide rate in the Mimika district 29.2 per 100,000 people, thirty times greater than the Indonesian average puts Mimika on a par with Colombia or the Democratic Republic of the Congo, while the regional capital Jayapura had ten homicides per 100,000, comparable to Haiti and Liberia.

A group of researchers from Australia and the UK set out to mapviolence in West Papuasince the 1970s. They found that many killings were committed while Papuans were peacefully protesting for independence from Indonesia, and that the perpetrators were not held to account in the vast majority of cases. The culture of impunity remainsdeeply embedded.

While the largest number of killings took place in the 1970s, atrocities have continued right up to the present. In December 2018, the Indonesian militarybombed villagesin the mountainous region of Nduga, forcing 45,000 local people to flee into the jungle or neighbouring districts for safety.

Crackdown

In response to 2019s anti-racism protests, the Indonesian government launched a crackdown on Papuan activists.According to figures fromTAPOL, a UK-based organisation that monitors human rights in Indonesia, there were 169 protesters arrested in total. InMalang, East Java, civilian militias attacked the demonstrators, who were kicked and beaten while the police watched. Indonesias national police subsequently detained six Papuan activists in Jakarta, along with seven more in the city of Balikpapan, who were depicted as the masterminds of the protest wave.

TheJakarta Six received eight- and nine-month prison sentences in April 2020 from a court in the Indonesian capital, having been convinced on charges of treason for flying the West Papuan Morning Star flag and chanting Free West Papua. Meanwhile, the seven activists in Balikpapan also faced treason charges, with the prosecution seeking up to 17 years in jail. The court convicted them, but handed down a lighter sentence of 11 months.

Protesters clash with police in Jakarta, Indonesia May 22, 2019 in this photo taken by Antara Foto. Photo: Antara Foto/Nova Wahyudi/ via Reuters

The seven Balikpapan defendants included Buchtar Tabuni, a well-known leader of the National Parliament of West Papua, who has already been jailed for organising protests. His wife Dessy Awom has described the brutal raid that arrested Tabuni, a joint operation between the Indonesian military and police. The soldiers and police officers, who were fully armed, broke down the door of their home and smashed all the furniture. The security forces also destroyed their garden and killed their animals. The raid was carried out without a warrant.

Also read: #BlackLivesMatter Comes to Cricket as West Indies, England Players Take a Knee Against Racism

Twenty-three other West Papuans are stillfacing charges of treason. The crackdown continued on December 1, 2019. TAPOL has identified sixty-one new political prisoners arrested on that date, as West Papua marked its National Day the anniversary of the day in 1961when the Dutch colonial authorities acknowledged West Papua as a free nation for the first time. Every year, Papuans across Indonesia take to the streets with Morning Star flags and chants of Free West Papua.

As the Papuan human rights activist Welis Doga haspointed out, Indonesias current penal code draws directly on colonial legislation from the Dutch East Indies. One of the articles in that code relating to treason or anslaag was formerly used by the countrys Dutch rulers to silence Indonesian nationalists. Today, Indonesia uses it to criminalise Papuan dissenters.

Papuan Lives MatterIn the wake of George Floyds death and the eruption of protest in the United States, West Papuans have found inspiration to link their own struggle with the Black Lives Matter movement. They have put forward the sloganPapuan Lives Matterto express this affinity.The campaign has supplied a platform for West Papuans to insist that the Indonesian state should treat them equally and end the racial abuse they encounter from its police force and legal system. Students held a rally demanding the release of Papuan political prisoners and #PapuanLivesMatter became a trend on social media.

The Communion of Churches in Indonesiareleased a statementexpressing deep concerns over the Balikpapan Seven case, and condemning the criminalisation of young people by the Indonesian authorities. As TAPOLs Pelagio Da Costa Sarmento noted, there has also been international support for the West Papuan struggle. Some of these initiatives preceded the latest round of protest, but the context of Black Lives Matter has made it easier to raise awareness of what is happening in West Papua. TAPOL has noticed an uptick in interest: according to Sarmento, we believe this is the next stage of something bigger.

Many West Papuans think that the Indonesian courts were responding to international pressure when they handed down lighter sentences for the Balikpapan Seven than the prosecution had demanded. Benny Wenda, the chairman of the United Liberation Movement for West Papua, described the verdict as a great victory for our movement worldwide, even though the verdict of treason should not have been handed down at all: The worldwide pressure made all the difference.

Student activists in Indonesia have organised public forums for West Papuans to describe their experiences of oppression and discrimination. The latest ones have focused on theBiak massacreof 1998, when Indonesian security forces tortured and murdered scores of unarmed civilians in the region. Victor Yeimo, leader of the National Committee for West Papua, hailed these efforts as proof that treason charges will not stop the unfolding dynamic of Papuan Lives Matter: Prison will never stop the struggle for Papuan independence.

Febriana Firdaus is a journalist based in Indonesia, and produces the Voice of Papua newsletter.

This article was published on Jacobin. Read the original here.

Read the rest here:

How Black Lives Matter Inspired West Papuas Freedom Struggle - The Wire

With a focus on women, U of T researcher aims to raise awareness of Mtis issues in Canada – News@UofT

An Indigenous scholars long-standing research related to Mtis women comes at a pivotal moment when understanding and standing in solidarity with people who are oppressed is crucial.

Jennifer Adese, an associate professor in the department of sociology at the University of Toronto Mississauga, has dedicated her efforts to Indigenous research throughout her academic career.However, it was attending the National Aboriginal Womens Summit (NAWS) in 2012 that cemented her focus on the experiences of Mtis women.

It was at these proceedings in Ottawa that Indigenous women collectively came together to call on the provincial premiers in attendance to use their power to push the federal government to commit to a national inquiry on the high rates of Indigenous women who have gone missing and/or been murdered, said Adese during a recent interview for the VIEW to the Upodcast.

I had the privilege to sit alongside these women as they met with different members of government, other Indigenous organizationsand even with United Nationsrepresentatives, and it gave me a pretty life-changing insight (into) the complex public strategies of resilience practised by Mtis women.

Adese, who joined the department as a faculty member in 2018, says the experience was not a new encounter with the high rates of murdered Indigenous women, nor was it her first time countering Canadas reluctance to reckon with its history of oppression and colonization. But the event reinvigorated her commitment to be an informed advocate and to lobby for the rights of Mtis and all Indigenous communities. Through her work, she continues to examine the history of violence against Mtis girls and women, looking into why Mtis were largely ignored in the federal government inquiry.

In 2019, Adese received Social Sciences & Humanities Research Council (SSHRC) funding to pursue a project that explores Mtis womens mobilization and activism over the last 50 years.

When the two-year project wraps up, Adese has her sights set on strengthening existing collaborations with the academic community and Mtis organizations to raise awareness about Mtis issues through community engagement and dissemination of their findings.

It is this mobilizing of knowledge that Adese says is key to reaching a better understanding about the ongoing impacts of colonization, dispossessionand racism.

She says a central part of being involved in current activism confronting anti-Black and anti-Indigenous racism is being informed.In her capacity as an educator, she feels that reading and educating oneself serves as a foundation for further action. So, too, is listening to and centering the voices of Black, Indigenousand other racialized groups.

Adese is currently wrapping up a book that is being published by UBC Press, titledAboriginal, which is an analysis of the term aboriginal and its more frequent usage after the Constitution Act of 1982 was passed.

In addition, Adese is a co-editor oftwo forthcoming anthologies:A People and a Nation: New Directions in Contemporary Mtis Studiesthat she has worked on with colleagues from University of Alberta;andIndigenous Celebrity: Entanglements with Fame, the first dedicated volume to explore Indigenous People's experiences with celebrity culture.

Adese has a personal interest in this area: She is Mtis and draws on her culture via a large family unit that is primarily based in Alberta. She says that her relationships with other Mtis people and communities provideher with a unique perspective for her work, writing and teaching.

A lot of previous research has been undertaken and published by non-Mtis, and the tendency through that work has been to analyze and discuss Mtis people as simply a byproduct of the intermarriage of two other populations, broadly First Nations and European, says Adese.

That is not how we understand ourselves and our existence as adistinct Indigenous people, and quite often how Indigenous Peoples represent ourselves through art, through literature, through political engagement is very different. So, for usit's very exciting work to push the conversation even further, and for the first time strive for this level of representation within Mtis studies research, but also within Indigenous studies research.

Read the original post:

With a focus on women, U of T researcher aims to raise awareness of Mtis issues in Canada - News@UofT

The forgotten history of Jews in the alcohol industry – Jewish Telegraphic Agency

This story originally appeared on The Nosher.

This may be surprising, but Jews have a long and very influential history in the alcohol industry spanning Europe, Israel and North America.

For most of the 1800s, Eastern European Jews held a virtual monopoly on the business in their regions. They produced much of the beer and hard alcohol, and ran nearly all the taverns where it was sold. Jews had been in the trade for centuries, but when Polish landowners saw they could make 50% greater profits by turning grain into alcohol than by selling it for food, Jews seized the chance to play an integral role.

At the time, Polish Jews could neither become nobility nor work the land as peasants. While many Jews turned to trading and peddling, the lords saw a different opportunity. Jews were considered good with business, they reasoned well, and would be unlikely to drink up the product. So, under a leasing system known in Polish as propinacja, Jews were granted exclusive rights to run the alcohol industries.

By the middle of the 19thcentury, approximately 85% of all Polish taverns had Jewish management. Jews similarly dominated the industry in the Pale of Settlement (in todays Ukraine and Belarus), though on a slightly lesser scale.

Jewish participation in the alcohol business was so prevalent that according to Glenn Dynner, author of Yankels Tavern: Jews, Liquor, & Life in the Kingdom of Poland, 30-40% of Polands Jews (including women and children) worked in the industry. Thats an impressive statistic by itself, but considering that approximately three-quarters of world Jewry lived in Eastern Europe at the time, that amounts to about 25% of all Jews in the world!

The quirk of the outsize Jewish population in the region is not all that accounts for the high percentage. That one-in-four figure is without even considering Jews in other parts of the world. But the 19thcentury seems to have been a peak time for Jewish involvement in alcohol worldwide.

In Hungary, we encounter many Jewish families prominently involved in wine production. The Zimmermans, for example, were among the famous and award-winning producers of Tokaj wine. (Their pre-Holocaust winery is now owned by one of the regions top producers.) Similarly, the Herzog family produced such high-quality wine (alongside their beer and spirits) that Emperor Franz Josef appointed them his exclusive wine suppliers.

In Germany and France, meanwhile, Jews were dragging the local alcohol industries into the modern age. In France, Jewish wine producers were vertically integrating into sales as well, while in Germany, Jews created the first industrial-scale breweries.

Across the Atlantic, German Jewish immigrants to the United States were disproportionately represented in alcohol production. In Jews and Booze: Becoming American in the Age of Prohibition, Marni Davis points out that they primarily focused on distilling whiskey due to its nationalistic significance. Those who bought and drank whiskey championed it as a deeply American product.

Simultaneously, back in Ottoman Palestine, wine production was returning for the first time in hundreds of years. Though ancient Israel was well known as a wine-producing region, hundreds of years of rule by Muslims (for whom alcohol is forbidden) turned the industry into little more than a memory. But when more Jews began immigrating and joining the small community that was already living there, viticulture gradually returned.

In 1848, the Shor family opened a winery in the Old City of Jerusalem, adjacent to the Temple Mount itself. They were joined in the business in 1870 by the Tepperbergs and in 1889 by the winery later to be known as Carmel. These laid the groundwork for the booming wine industry that exists in Israel today.

Why were so many Jews prominently involved in the alcohol business during the 19thcentury? It was a period of transition in the world, with industrialization leading (among other things) to a big increase in alcohol production and consumption. At the same time, the old persecution of Jews had removed many other income sources, leaving Jews with few other ways to make a living. So part of the answer may be that, as had been the case so many other times throughout history, Jews simply took advantage of whatever opportunities they had, and succeeded.

Jews rapidly left the business toward the centurys end, thanks to both increased competition and government oppression, leaving this chapter in our history largely forgotten. Furthermore, even while Jews were prominent in the industry, there was an internal stigma against Jewish involvement in a profession that was seen as less than honorable and at times required the use of some loopholes to remain in compliance with Jewish law. In other words, the Jewish community also forgot because it wantedto forget.

Interestingly, however, many common Jewish surnames today indicate a connection to the alcohol profession: Kaback, Kratchmer, Schenkman, Korczak, Vigoda, Winick and Bronfman, to name a few. Plus, many of the alcohol businesses run by 19th-century Jews still exist, including the Israeli wineries, Loewenbrau Brewery, Herzog Winery and Fleischmanns Spirits.

While the legacy of Jews role in the alcohol business may be partly forgotten, the impact is far from gone.

View post:

The forgotten history of Jews in the alcohol industry - Jewish Telegraphic Agency

Underreporting on the crisis in Yemen, the complicity of the British government, and what we can do to help – Varsity Online

Deadly airstrikes have been orchestrated by the Saudi-led coalition, leading to the decimation of many areas and civilian casualties.PHOTO SOURCEL FLICKR, FELTON DAVIS The role of the media

As Catherine Happer wrote in The Role of the Media in the Construction of Public Belief and Social Change, the media are key to the setting of agendas and focusing public interests on particular subjects. In a content study of 1989 news bulletins relating to Israeli-Palestinian conflict, she found that there were only 17 lines of text (from transcribed bulletins) relating to the history of the conflict. When journalists used the word occupied, there was no explanation that the Israelis are involved in a military occupation Palestinian perspectives were effectively marginalised.

Such under-contextualised reporting on complex geopolitical issues is the central cause of the reality that the vast majority of us are under-informed on the Yemeni Crisis. People don't realise how involved the US and UK governments are in creating this catastrophe in Yemen, says Shireen al-Adeimi, assistant professor at Michigan State University. It's construed as something that just is happening somewhere to people who are fighting each other - as a sectarian war.

Since 2015, the US and UK have collectively sold more than $12 billion dollars-worth of weaponry to Saudi Arabia. The UK government issues arms licenses to private defence companies, allowing them to sell weapons which have been used in Saudi-UAE coalition bombings against Yemeni hospitals and funerals, and which have directly killed at least 2,582 civilians. The UK has also provided the Saudis with a fleet of Typhoon military jets which a former Saudi Air Force officer claimed are so crucial that without the Typhoon they will stop the war.On July 6th 2020, Dominic Raab announced that the UK government intends to impose sanctions against those involved in serious human rights violations, and yet the following day, the government announced its decision to resume arms sales to Saudi Arabia, dismissing the possible war crimes committed in Yemen as isolated incidents.

"Consistent underreporting by the British media on the events in Yemen means that too many of us are unaware of both the heinous complicity of our own government..."

These events highlight a startling degree of cognitive dissonance at the heart of government. As Kate Allen, Amnesty International UKs Director, said, How the Government can seriously describe a five-year Saudi-led aerial assault on Yemen which has seen numerous examples of civilians killed in schools, hospitals, funeral halls and market places as a set of isolated incidents is almost beyond comprehension. Private defence companies have often been the largest beneficiary of foreign arms exports, with estimates suggesting that by 2017, British weapons firms had earned 600 million in profit from arms sales to Saudi Arabia during the Yemeni conflict. However, the government recouped 30 million of this in corporate tax receipts, in addition to subsiding arms exports by between 104 million and 142 million. The result is a moral fiasco in which the government simultaneously allocates public funds to the production of weapons used in the killings of Yemeni civilians, and reaps revenue from them.

Suggestions that private companies bear the moral responsibility for these arms exports initially appear plausible, until one considers that the most senior members of the UK government have engaged in shameless lobbying on behalf of private defence companies. In November 2012, former Prime Minister David Cameron made a 3-day tour of Gulf States for the explicit purpose of promoting arms sales, and in February 2016, Cameron boasted of the UKs brilliant arms sales to Saudi Arabia. In 2019, then-Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt denounced calls to end arms exports to Saudi Arabia as an action that would surrender our influence in Yemen. But at what human cost do we acquire this influence?'

As a country, we have profited off of war crimes, and yet there has been little public outcry. Consistent underreporting by the British media on the events in Yemen means that too many of us are unaware of both the heinous complicity of our own government, and of the disastrous humanitarian consequences which that complicity has wrought. When we lack understanding of a crisis, it becomes easier to claim ignorance and push it to the peripheries of our minds to conceive of the crisis as an abstract reality happening far away. But the 19 million people who lack access to clean water are not an abstract reality. They desperately need our help. So what is happening in Yemen, and what can we do to help?

From 2010 to 2012, a series of anti-government protests took place across the Middle East, known as the Arab Spring. Among other things, this led to the ousting of Yemens president, Ali Abdullah Saleh. Upon his ousting, his Vice-President, Abdrabbuh Hadi, assumed the Presidency, but in 2014, a rebel group named the Houthis began seizing territory across the country.

In January 2015, the Houthis seized the Presidential palace and strategic military installations, and in February, they declared themselves in control of the Yemeni government. What ensued was a civil war between the Houthis and forces aligned with Hadis government, including a Saudi-led coalition of nine countries from West Asia and Africa. That civil war is ongoing to this day.

The civilian population of Yemen has been decimated by the conflict. The Houthis and the Saudi-led coalition have engaged in firefights in civilian areas, and the coalition have launched airstrikes, both leading to huge numbers of civilian casualties.

Beyond direct civilian casualties from the fighting, the war has precipitated the largest humanitarian crisis in the world. Fighting has damaged essential hospital, water supply and sanitation infrastructure. Out of Yemens 29 million people, about 19 million do not currently have access to safe drinking water. This has been compounded by the ongoing cholera outbreak, which has been happening since October 2016, and has killed more than 2,500 people, 58% of whom are children.

"Fighting has damaged essential hospital, water supply and sanitation infrastructure."

Add to this the Covid-19 pandemic, for which effective combat requires robust health infrastructure, regular hand-washing, PPE for doctors and a comprehensive test-and-trace system, and the Yemeni population becomes mortally endangered by poverty. In a country of 29 million people, there are only a few hundred ventilator machines, and the fact that the number of coronavirus cases is unknown means that the virus has been able to spread unchecked throughout the population. The coronavirus may be the straw which will break the camels back,said the head of the United Nations Refugee Agency.

The range of compounding impacts of the war is staggering. NGOs report that women and children are at increased risk of sex trafficking as a result of the war, and UNICEF estimate that at least two million children have dropped out of school since the conflict began. According to the UN, at least 13 million people are on the brink of starvation.

Very often, our society tends to ignore crises that unfold slowly, as well as crises that unfold seemingly separately from the Western hemisphere. But we cant afford to ignore the crisis in Yemen. Babies are starving. Young girls cant go to school. Each one of the 13 million Yemenis at risk of starvation is a person who deserves the worlds attention.

Currently, donations are what is most urgently needed. Millions of Yemenis are currently dependent on food, water and medical assistance provided by NGOs. Doctors Without Borders are providing emergency medical assistance on the ground; UNICEF is working to provide water, nutrition, education and protection to vulnerable children; and the UN World Food Programme (WFP) provides over 12 million people in Yemen with monthly food assistance. These organisations depend on our donations to continue operating. We must donate.

We also need to educate ourselves. Reading about suffering is difficult, but if the Black Lives Matter protests have taught us anything, its that those of us with the privilege of living violence-free lives must not turn a blind eye to oppression. It is our imperative duty to pay attention. What Ive provided is a highly simplified version of events that excludes the complex geo-political factors involved in precipitating the war that we see today. For a more detailed account of the crisis, please visit the websites listed at the foot of this article.

".... we need popular outrage now more than ever."

Crucially, we must recognise that as British citizens, we are indirectly profiting off of Yemeni deaths. In a report entitled The economic costs and benefits of UK defence exports,the four economists who authored the report estimated that the Ministry of Defence would lose between 40 and 100 million annually if arms exports were halved. Theoretically, the savings made by permitting these arms sales to continue allows the government to invest more in public services. But such an economic upshot is unconscionable.

Just as one million people turned out onto the streets of London in 2003 to oppose our governments participation in international thuggery in Iraq, we need popular outrage now more than ever. We must petition our government to end arms exports to Saudi Arabia, no matter the economic benefit we reap from them. We must write to our MPs and implore them to support economic sanctions for Saudi Arabia and any other nations that commit human rights violations. The UK is the sixth largest economy in the world. As a nation, we have substantial influence when we choose to use it.

That goes for the rest of us too. Social media has blessed us each with a megaphone to amplify the causes that we care about. Activism in the digital era is no longer just about turning up to protests. Its about donating, educating ourselves, and writing to our MPs to demand the change we want to see.

So donate, educate yourself - take time for yourself, but when thats over, turn back to the work. Use your megaphone for good.

Organisations to donate to:

Further reading:

Articles used in the writing of this article:

Varsity is the independent newspaper for the University of Cambridge, established in its current form in 1947. In order to maintain our editorial independence, our newspaper and news website receives no funding from the University of Cambridge or its constituent Colleges.

We are therefore almost entirely reliant on advertising for funding, and during this unprecedented global crisis, we have a tough few weeks and months ahead.

In spite of this situation, we are going to look at inventive ways to look at serving our readership with digital content for the time being.

Therefore we are asking our readers, if they wish, to make a donation from as little as 1, to help with our running cost at least until we hopefully return to print on 2nd October 2020.

Many thanks, all of us here at Varsity would like to wish you, your friends, families and all of your loved ones a safe and healthy few months ahead.

More here:

Underreporting on the crisis in Yemen, the complicity of the British government, and what we can do to help - Varsity Online

From National Interests to the Diplomatic Elite – Foreign Policy

The ongoing awakening to the long-standing realities of discrimination against African Americans is marked by a scope and intensity that were unimaginable even one month ago. Polling shows a significant increase from 2015 among Americans who believe racial and ethnic discrimination in the United States are big problems, and widespread protestsincluding in rural and suburban communities where such activism is unprecedentedagainst systemic racism and police misconduct have erupted. The United States has thus entered a window of opportunity where real social change is more likely than at any time in recent history.

But are there foreign-policy implications for this moment? Could this enhanced recognition of racial discrimination at home result in meaningful differences in how the United States engages with the world? Its tempting to think sobut the answer to both questions is almost certainly no. The structural impediments to more seriously accounting for social justice and human rights in foreign policy are simply too great.

There are at least four such structural factors. First, the composition of foreign-policy shapers (think tank experts, columnists) and implementers (government officials) remains disproportionately white (and male). This is visibly evident from any photograph of senior military officials. But it also pronounced in Americas diplomatic corps. In 2002, 70 percent of all State Department employees were white; by September 2018, it remained nearly unchanged at 68 percent. Moreover, in 2018, the more senior the role, the greater the proportion of employees who were whitegoing from 35 percent for midlevel GS-10 rank up to 87 percent for the most senior civil service executives.

This relatively homogenous composition of the foreign-policy eliteincluding yours trulymatters because the recognition of racial oppression at home and abroad is a glaring blind spot. In 20-plus years of working at academic institutions and think tanks, I can recall very few mentions of race. And even these observations were made not out of inherent concern for racial underrepresentation or discrimination within the United States but because the lack of progress toward combating those twin evils could lessen Americas relative power on the international stage.

Second, the predominant frame through which foreign-policy debates are conveyed is as national security interests. These seemingly neutral concepts are conveyed through principles or objectives, ranked by their purported interest-ness: vital, extremely important, important, or secondary. Those categories come from a landmark 2000 report by the Commission on Americas National Interests, which was representative of many comparable bipartisan initiatives. The 23-member commission included just three women, one of whom was the only person of color (Condoleezza Rice). The sole mention of individual rightsone of 10 important national interestswas in promoting pluralism, freedom, and democracy in strategically important states as much as is feasible without destabilization. The caveats that this august group of geostrategic thinkers added on demonstrate that rights are not universal and should never hinder stabilitymeaning a government that endorses U.S. interests retains power.

Though the facts shift, and allies and adversaries come and go, the narrative of Americas global role is always conveyed via static interests, which remain wholly uninformed by human rights concernsunless it can be weaponized selectively to highlight an adversarys human rights abuses. Foreign policy cannot be reconfigured in enduring and impactful ways without updating the thinking and language that could enable such change.

Third, and relatedly, a consistently missing element in elite foreign-policy debates is the livelihoods of actual humans. The central unit of analysis is countries, which are overwhelmingly evaluated through the words and actions of their leaders. When people are considered at all, it is as demographic clusters that might influence the countries or regions where they residethe Arab youth bulge, Russias population decline, and Chinas graying citizenry are popular examples. So-called voices from the regions are those few media-tested, English-speaking people who reside in the rolodexes of TV producers, serve as visiting think tank fellows, or are escorted through Capitol Hill offices by K Street lobbyists.

Without a reimagining of Americas global influence from the perspective of the individuals who experience hatred, bigotry, and oppression, it is impossible to conceive of a foreign policy that ever truly confronts racism.

Finally, the defining manifestation of U.S. foreign policy for 75 years has been the threat or use of military force. The global architecture required to use force anywhere at any time requires host nation basing and overflight permissions. These, in turn, require permanently stationing U.S. troops abroad, which increases civil wars and enables human rights violations by host nation governments. These governments enjoy military assistance in the form of arms sales. According to the State Departments latest World Military Expenditures and Arms Transfers report, the United States is the top arms exporter to the least democratic countries (meaning those in the lowest quintile as determined by Polity Project rankings)accounting for 66 percent of all such sales. In short, to project military power, the United States tolerates or abets subjugation.

Moreover, military spending ($712 billion) absorbs more than half of all federal discretionary spending, towering over the diplomacy and development budget ($48 billion), which could be far better suited to promoting individual rights and freedoms globally. Unfortunately, when you review what country receives the most foreign assistance from the United States, it is a conspicuous list of occupiers, autocrats, and illiberal regimes. The top six proposed recipients for 2020, in order, are: Israel, Egypt, Jordan, Afghanistan, Nigeria, and Uganda. These are so-called strategic partners showered with aid because of their geographic location, security partnerships, or a consequence of great-power competition (Uganda). Congress could vastly increase funding for international and nongovernmental organizations that work to protect groups experiencing prejudice and seriously hold recipients of foreign aid to account for their human rights violations. But there is nothing in recent history to suggest that legislators will fulfill this needed role or even its most basic oversight functions.

For these four reasons, and many others, an overdue turn toward an individual, rights-centric foreign policy is unimaginable, at least for now. The current defensiveness among elite foreign-policy institutions toward considering the role that race plays in U.S. foreign policy is simply too overwhelming. A more diverse group of future foreign-policy thinkers and leaders could one day lead the waybut that group wont arrive in time to keep pace with the current push for racial justice across the rest of U.S. society.

Here is the original post:

From National Interests to the Diplomatic Elite - Foreign Policy

Turkish youth and the governments stance on social media – Hurriyet Daily News

When the COVID-19 pandemic is over would you download an app developed by the state that has access to your everyday movement, in order to ensure your medical well-being and security?While 49.8 percent said no, 46.3 percent said yes. Those who dont know are a mere 3.9 percent.

The poll was conducted by the Istanbul Economics Research in cooperation with the German Friedrich Naumann Foundation.

One interesting finding of the poll was that 63 percent of those aged between 18-24 said they would download it. Are the youth careless about their privacy and less sensitive to their individual liberties?

Not necessarily, according to zgehan enyuva, from Middle East Technical University (ODT). Young generations are digital natives; they are born to the digital world and they accept the fact that it is there. They would not fight downloading the governments app. But they would troll it, manipulate it by entering wrong information, for instance, said enyuva at an online panel last month on the findings of the poll.

The debate on the youth at that panel was particularly timely since it came at a time when both the ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) and the main opposition Republican Peoples Party (CHP) both said they will be chasing the votes of Generation Z, the youngest segment eligible to vote in the next elections in 2023.

And interestingly, it was during the pandemic that the representatives of this generation got into direct interaction with the political elites. What pushed them to do so? The university admission exams. The date of the exam was changed twice due to the pandemic. The original date at the beginning of June was postponed to the end of July.

But as the government concluded that it started to take COVID-19 under control, it took forward the date to the end of June. The government wanted 2.5 million children who entered this years exam to go as soon as possible to holiday destinations to revitalize the domestic tourism.

The last change of date infuriated the youth, who had to readjust their working timeline, and they expressed their anger by launching the hashtag #SandiktaGorusuruz (Well see you at the ballot box) on May 4 on Twitter.

Known with his criticism of social media, one would assume President Recep Tayyip Erdoan is not a frequent user of social media, delegating the management of his accounts to his aides. But it was interesting to see that he chose YouTube as a channel of communication for the youth on June 26, one day prior to the university admission exam.

There, too, the youth did not miss the occasion to express their reaction. One cannot know whether he was aware of it at the time.

But his July 2 statement implying additional restrictions to social media platforms like YouTube came as a contradiction to the AK Partys urge to lure the votes of the youth.

Of course, there is still time until 2023. The AK Party might have prioritized an approach to restrict social media, which many believe will help silence dissenting voices, and lift the restrictions perhaps at a later stage, when they will need the votes of the youth. Or, perhaps, they are counting on their allies from the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), as it seems to receive more support from the youth, than the AK Party.

Polls suggest the majority of the youngsters dont believe any of the present parties can solve the countrys problems. But they seem to be more attracted by the MHP, Y (Good) Party and the Peoples Democratic Party (HDP). The youth want clearer stances from the parties, explained prominent pollster Bekir Konda in a recent interview.

According to enyuva, an academic with extensive work on youth, the generation that grew up with Harry Potter, a boy who waits to be saved by an old wise man and learns to fight against oppression throughout seven books, is now followed by the generation of Hunger Games, where this time a girl who initially struggles simply to feed her family turns into a rebel fighting oppression in a short time.

Young people are not saving the world, but they are engaged and connected with their local communities, said enyuva. They are staying away from party politics, but they are organized among themselves.

Turkish youth were ordered to stay at home during the pandemic and they obeyed it, according to enyuva, but they also took initiatives to bring care, for instance, for the elderly. And obviously, they are organizing through social media.

But enyuva warns that the learning curve in terms of social media has increasingly been in favor of the governments.

Turkey,

Excerpt from:

Turkish youth and the governments stance on social media - Hurriyet Daily News

ICE rules are an attack on immigration and higher education – Inside Higher Ed

Dear Editor,

As a dual citizen of the US and Canada and a scholar of internationalization in higher education, I took immediate notice to the Opinion column, titled International Students Shouldnt be Political Pawns,[i] by my friend and colleague Jenny J. Lee. In the context of Mondays announcement[ii] of a change to the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP)[iii] where Non-immigrant F-1 and M-1 students attending schools operating entirely online maynottake a full online course load and remain in the United States, Lee stated that [w]hile this U.S. Department of Homeland Security policy has generated more questions than answers, what is clear is that it will have no real effect on immigration over the long term.

She continued by saying that [t]he recent SEVP policy is in no way neutral, nor is the concern a matter of immigration. It reflects a strong political stance toward reopening colleges and universities, regardless of international studentseconomic impact of $41billion and support for more than 450,000 U.S. jobs. Whether international students stay or return to their home countries is secondary.

I agree with Lee that the SEVP alterations are not neutral and that carelessly reopening campuses is a hidden agenda in these changes, but I cannot believe that there will be no real effect of these events on U.S. immigration in the short or long term, nor do I think that immigration is not a central target of this and other U.S. policy changes issued by the White House during the Trump administration.

Rather, I see the SEVP announcement as what our colleague Gary Rhoades at the University of Arizona calls a two-fer in US educational policy: in this case it is both a highly visible, racist and politicized posture-taking against foreign nationals who might enter the higher education system as a gateway to long-term immigration and a viable threat to globalizing colleges and universities that have become reliant upon international student tuition to sustain operations amid decades of public-sector erosion by lean government proponents.

Given Trumps ideological position on the social role of colleges and universities,[iv] we might go a step further and liken these recent changes to postsecondary policy as a type of Denial of Service attack (DoS attack) on the U.S. higher education system by this administration. The U.S. Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) describes a DoS condition as being accomplished by flooding the targeted host or network with traffic until the target cannot respond or simply crashes, preventing access for legitimate users. DoS attacks can cost an organization both time and money while their resources and services are inaccessible.[v]

If we view the SEVP change as part of an ongoing policy DoS attack by the White House, we can understand that higher education has been under a consistent, and potentially coordinated, attack dating back to the year of travel bans[vi] as its opening salvo, and continuing through the more recent questioning of Optional Practical Training (OPT) policies[vii], barring entry to certain Chinese students[viii], under-funding of Hispanic-Serving-Institutions (HSIs) as a result of the CARES Act[ix], expansion of immigration restrictions through the H1b and J-visa programs[x], and statements about federal hiring preferences relative to postsecondary degrees[xi]. These continued policy proposals and alterations have cost higher education institutions both time and money while their resources and services are inaccessible, akin to a denial-of-service attack on the sector as a whole.

Furthermore, these attacks divert attention away from academias ongoing work of creating more equitable and just colleges and universities, interrupting needed conversations about how to redress and address the harms done by decades of Indigenous land theft, pillaged meritocracy, racialization and oppression committed within and by our institutions. We might see these diversions as part of the modus operandi of the policy DoS attack.

In her opinion piece, Lee referenced Dr. Esther D. Brimmer, Executive Director and CEO of NAFSA: Association of International Educators, who said [u]nfortunately, this administration continues to enact policies which only increase the barriers to studying here, and thats a serious concern. At a time when new international student enrollment is in decline, our nation risks losing global talent with new policies that hurt us academically and economically.[xii] I agree with Lee and Brimmer, but the stakes are much higher than educational barriers for international students. Their lives, our lives, and the viability of our institutions are on the line.

While it is true that international students are caught in this political power play between the Trump administration and the higher education sector as Lee describes, we should also understand that the U.S. federal government is issuing policy malware against the entire higher education sector. The White House is weaponizing the relative leverage of international student tuition within institutional budgets while simultaneously deporting or threatening to deport international students, punishing the sector for both its ideological openness and the good sense to not be physically open during an ongoing pandemic.

I cannot defend the way that some colleges and universities have leveraged their futures on international student enrollments and tuition dollars, which undervalues the many contributions of international students, but it is plain to see how reliance on this revenue stream has provided nationalistic isolationists with a system-wide vulnerability that enabled their deadly bargain, forcing the institutional choice of ransoming safety for sustainability, or vice versa.

We must view this as a viral era, metaphorically, digitally, and epidemiologically. Academic vulnerabilities, both personal and professional, are being targeted by governments at all levels, alongside threats to the health and safety of our most precariously positioned international and domestic students. In addition, academic outsiders in locations outside of the U.S., like myself, should not be silent and await the Trump Bump[xiii] in international student enrollments that might follow this continued self-immolation within the U.S. system. We face similar conditions, or soon will if business as usual continues in this viral age. As Lee said, now is the time to take immediate action in opposing this nonsensical order.

--Amy Scott MetcalfeProfessor in the Department of Educational StudiesUniversity of British Columbia.

Read the original:

ICE rules are an attack on immigration and higher education - Inside Higher Ed

America must ease the plight of the Uighurs in China – Washington Times

ANALYSIS/OPINION:

When we discovered in 1945 the atrocities that reigned during the Holocaust, we pledged: Never again. Now we have a chance to act on that promise. A recent report from scholar Adrian Zenz revealed the horrifying reality that Chinese officials are attempting to suppress the population of the Uighurs, a Muslim minority group, by routinely forcing birth control and sterilization measures on Uighur women.

This month, the United States seized an $800,000 shipment of hair products made with human hair which some national security experts suspect come from Chinese forced labor camps, where between 800,000 and 2 million Uighurs have been imprisoned.

This is an outrage. But it presents a dilemma that our nation has already faced, and we chose to fail humanity.

From the onset of the Holocaust, Americans were aware of the violent oppression of Jews. After all, German officials certainly werent trying to hide it. During a government-sponsored boycott of Jewish goods and businesses in 1933, German officials even printed signs in both German and English, knowing the American press was watching. American newspapers published thousands of articles between 1933 and 1945 on the plight of European Jews. By 1942, Americans knew the Nazis planned to exterminate at least 4 million Jews, thanks to a leaked telegram obtained by the World Jewish Congress in Geneva.

But the United States didnt respond strongly enough. Americans themselves were the ones who organized boycotts of German goods, sent petitions to the federal government and held rallies protesting Nazi actions against Jews. Eleanor Roosevelt spoke publicly and sympathetically about the ongoing oppression. President Roosevelt condemned the Kristallnacht attacks in 1938 and issued a public declaration condemning the Nazis bestial policy of cold-blooded extermination of the Jews.

We could have done so much more.

We didnt address immigration quotas, which prevented us from welcoming most refugees. We didnt officially support resistance efforts until 1944, after millions of Jews had already been murdered. We didnt even heed pleas to bomb the train tracks to Auschwitz, because it would have diverted resources from the war effort.

The United States prioritized other issues economic recovery and winning the war over addressing a humanitarian crisis. Its the same reason that, despite our knowing about Chinas oppression of the Uighur people for years, the American governments response action has been terribly milquetoast. In 2018, President Trump even delayed a 2018 Treasury Department plan to impose sanctions on Chinese officials connected to Uighur oppression, hoping to preserve a trade deal with China.

Many Americans, for their part, have expressed horror at the Uighurs oppression. Weve heard testimony from Uighurs who have escaped the re-education camps in Xinjiang, and weve seen satellite photos obtained by the BBC that have confirmed the groups plight. The disgust with Chinas measures even led to the Trump administration placing sanctions on Chinese business and government organizations connected to the crackdown on the Uighurs in 2019.

Last month, Mr. Trump signed the Uyghur Human Rights Policy Act, which finally imposed additional sanctions on those responsible for Chinas human rights abuses in Xinjiang. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo also denounced Chinese actions against the Uighurs multiple times, and did so as recently as last week. These are all commendable moves, but theyre still not enough.

To actually help the Uighurs, we must give them a place to hide.

Back in 1939, a bill to admit 20,000 refugee children fleeing Europe received support from many Americans, including then-former President Hoover, but it died in the House before coming to a vote. In 1943, Treasury Department staff discovered that State Department officials had deliberately suppressed reports about the murder of Jews.

In response, President Roosevelt established the War Refugee Board in January 1944. The institution saved tens of thousands of Jews. But it came too late for the millions who had already perished by the time Allied forces landed at Normandy, more than 5 million Jews had already been murdered.

The United States could very well be repeating history. Last fall, the Trump administration slashed our refugee program, declaring wed only be accepting 18,000 refugees total for the next year. Even if most of those available slots were reserved for Uighurs, it would deny an opportunity for hundreds of thousands more to escape. But we could very easily have a policy allowing Uighurs a special exemption from that refugee cap, or even raise that cap altogether.

If China continues to accelerate its oppressive actions against the ethnic group, a moral United States must prioritize easing their suffering with stronger action. Evil of this scale demands a response greater than sporadic statements and limited sanctions. We should know it already when a million people are suffering in concentration camps, were already way behind.

Amy Lutz is a historian and graduate student in Missouri specializing in Holocaust Studies. She is also a contributor to Young Voices and you can find her on Twitter at @amylutz4.

See the rest here:

America must ease the plight of the Uighurs in China - Washington Times