Our first vacation fish, and other standout moments of summer 2021 | Pamelas Food Service Diary – SILive.com

STATEN ISLAND, N.Y. This August saw a few true firsts for our family including a mostly uninterrupted two weeks away from Staten Island. We spent our time in Ocean Grove, N.J., a wholesome town that reminds me of childhood summer vacations where time passed at a happy, slow pace.

But what a point in history to be away from the restaurant beat with news unfolding back at home of the must-show vaccination cards at catered events and to access indoor dining. A time thats supposed to be recovery from the pandemic hardly feels as such this week from whats happening abroad to what our world looks like right here in a seemingly divided and angry New York City. It has been a wild week to be back to writing stories, to say the least.

So Im going to pull us back to our little world in the Garden State where we hardly drove the car, bet over Backgammon or Gin Rummy games and watched the boob tube only for baseball. We played Iron Chef with a few fresh catches and cooked from the inventories of either the cheese shop or the only deli within the confines of Gods Mile, the venerable Pathway Market.

The Pathway Market (Staten Island Advance/Pamela Silvestri)

My husband always takes his fishing pole on vacation. By some small miracle this is the first time hes actually caught something in the surf. As a result we had a few meals of summer fluke thank you, Dave and even sauteed some mussels our boys hunted down on the beach. Our younger guy took an evening boat trip on the Golden Eagle out of Belmar with dad on the high seas and they came home with enough bass for a few dinners.

James Cavagnaro on the Golden Eagle in Belmar, N.J. with a bass (Staten Island Advance/Pamela Silvestri)

Ocean Grove reminds me a bit of my own West Brighton neighborhood with that sense of community and everything within walking distance. In the mid-1800s the Methodists laid it out beautifully like a K. Hovnanian housing development. Its like a Greenbriar II retirement village where my grandmother used to live, just with a town center as the Great Auditorium, a tabernacle, youth center and the aptly named Tent City interspersed with these various handsome buildings.

Our kids have made friends over the years with other children who spend their summer in the tents. And from them weve been introduced to their parents who also have become friends. Going back there is like Old Home Week.

As the sun sets on Pilgrim Pathway, so must a vacation end. (Staten Island Advance/Pamela Silvestri)

Just as the sun sets over the Pilgrim Pathway and it becomes closing time for Jimmy and Dee at Ocean Groves resident convenient mart, so must a vacation come to an end. But that doesnt mean its peacefulness should as well.

With this fresh sense of Ocean Grove calm, Im going to savor the last of the tomatoes in our garden and embrace a new season ahead writing about pumpkin spiced everything. I will not honk at anyone in front of me malingering at a traffic light. I will not throw a shoe at those squirrels who run along the fence eyeing the only sunflower in our yard to survive sometimes-violent whiffle ball games.

And I promise not to delight in chronicling the fall of any politician who has made restaurant reporting so painful in the pandemic. But come Monday, it will certainly start keeping me busy.

Pamela Silvestri is Advance Food Editor. She can be reached at silvestri@siadvance.com.

Summer heat, warm nostalgia: When time (and meals) moved more slowly in NYC

Cooking with PAM | Pamelas Food Service Diary

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Our first vacation fish, and other standout moments of summer 2021 | Pamelas Food Service Diary - SILive.com

Henri likely to bring rough seas to the south, possibly heavy rainfall in northern Delaware – delawarebusinessnow.com

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Northern Delaware could see rain as Tropical Henri makes its way up the Atlantic Coast, the National Weather Service reported Sunday

Henri took a turn to the East and was downgraded to a tropical storm. The storm will make landfall in New England.

The forecast for northern Delaware calls for a chance of showers and thunderstorms. Some of the storms could produce heavy rain. The chance of precipitation is 50%. New rainfall amounts between a half and three quarters of an inch possible.

On Sunday night there is a chance of showers and thunderstorms, mainly before 2 a.m. A chance of rain continues into Monday.

The Weather Service forecasts rough seas, and dangerous rip currents along with coast, with waves of six to ten feet high. Rip currents are expected to continue into Sunday.

Minor coastal flooding could occur in areas to the north.

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Henri likely to bring rough seas to the south, possibly heavy rainfall in northern Delaware - delawarebusinessnow.com

Gather Round Mateys, These Arrrrre The Best Pirate Movies To Watch Right Now – Yahoo Lifestyle

The pirate theme in movies continues to be as alive and well in 2021 as it was 100 years ago. Disneys recent ride-inspired film The Jungle Cruise scored A-listers Dwayne Johnson and Emily Blunt as the leads and the upcoming live-action Peter Pan & Wendy starring Yara Shahidi and Jude Law is set to be released in 2022. Thankfully, you dont have to wait to watch a great pirate film today, matey.

From action films that pack literal punches (it wasnt just the bad diet that made pirates lose their teeth) to family-friendly films that have just enough scares to keep teens and adults entertained, the world of the best pirate movies is as wide as the open seas.

Pirate movies can be a fun way to get inspired for Halloween (yay, costume ideas!), or they can simply serve as a night of entertainment. Dream of sailing the high seas, searching for treasure, and pulling off a hat and bird-on-shoulder combo? Check out our favorite pirate movies below, if you dare theres a lot of curses in the best pirate movies.

It doesnt get much more swashbucking than the first installment in the hugely successful Pirates of the Caribbean franchise. Inspired by the Disney theme park ride, the film doesnt conclude with a trip through a gift shop, but it did lead to four more films and a renewed interested in all things pirate (see: every Halloween costume after 2003). Johnny Depps introduction to his Keith Richardson-inspired Jack Sparrow character, a drunken sailor who is just smart enough to stay alive through fights, follies and scurvy, earned him an Oscar nomination. Orlando Bloom and Keira Knightley help to ground the film and add a love story with plenty of sword fighting, while Geoffrey Rushs villainous Barbossa brought a splendidly spooky aspect to a pirate movie that features pirates both living and dead.

Buy: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl $17.99

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If you judge a films success based on how well iconic lines are remembered, Captain Phillips definitely earned its spot on our list. Based on the true story of Captain Richard Phillips and the hostage situation of his merchant boat by Somali pirates, this pirate movie earned six Academy Award nominations, including one for newcomer Barkhad Abdi i.e. the captain now. Tom Hanks stars as Phillips in the Paul Greengrass-directed film, which packs pulse-racing action and real-world stakes into a two-hour film that proves real pirates are just as scary, if not more so, than the fictionalized version audiences see in movies.

Buy: Captain Phillips $12.99

In Steven Spielbergs beloved 1991 pirate movie, Peter Pan finally grew up and became a corporate lawyer. Yeah, this is exactly what he was afraid of happening. When his children are kidnapped by Captain Hook, Peter, who has no memory of his childhood, must figure out what it means to use his imagination and fly. Robin Williams is brilliant as Peter and the all-star cast is rounded out by Julia Roberts as Tinker Bell, Maggie Smith as Wendy Darling, Bob Hoskins as Smee, and Dustin Hoffman as the eponymous Captain Hook. From the stunning sets to the high-action fight scenes, Hook remains a classic family film that will still have young viewers believing in magic and chanting for Rufio.

Buy: Hook $12.99

The Goonies may have the least amount of water of all the pirate films on our list, but the classic Spielberg coming-of-age film still has plenty of yo-ho-hoing to earn its spot. While trying to save the homes in their neighborhood from foreclosure, a group of friends known as the Goonies stumbles upon a treasure map leading them to a fortune once owned by a pirate. The film made stars out of its young cast, which included Sean Astin, Josh Brolin and Corey Feldman, and continues to be a fan favorite that new generations of movie-goers can enjoy.

Buy: The Goonies $7.99

Starting in 1953 with Disneys animated film, which, tbh, still holds up, the story of Peter Pan and Neverland continues to be celebrated on screen. Theres Hook, Pan, Wendy, the aforementioned upcoming Peter Pan & Wendy, plus several live-action movies made for TV. One of the best forays into the world of the Lost Boys was in 2003s Peter Pan. The film failed to land on its feet at the box office, possibly due to a lack of big-name stars attached, but it remains one of the best retellings of J.M. Barries classic story. From intricate backdrops to impressive special effects, the film is filled with several pirate-heavy fight scenes and has all the magic and wonder of Barries original tale.

Buy: Peter Pan $14.99

Most pirate films focus on a central character who is an impressive commander of the seas. This is not one of those movies. The hilarious and family-friendly pirate movie, The Pirates: Band of Misfits, is a stop-motion flick that centers around a band of misfit pirates (its right there in the title) as they try to win the Pirate of the Year award. The film was helmed by Wallace & Gromit creators Aardman Animations and earned an Oscar nomination for Best Animated Film. Featuring voices by Hugh Grant, Martin Freeman, Salma Hayek, Imelda Staunton, and David Tenant, the fun-loving film has enough humor to keep adults entertained without the blood and gore that makes most pirate films too scary for kids.

Buy: The Pirates: Band of Misfits $12.99

Theres no shortage of examples of Disneys take on the pirate genre, but one of the most important was the studios 1950 pirate move, Treasure Island. Starring Bobby Driscoll and Robert Newton, Treasure Island was Disneys first film that was completely shot in live-action. Bringing Robert Louis Stevensons novel to life, the film was a marvel at the time thanks to its impressive sets and action scenes. While more recent Treasure Islands have had the benefit of improved special effects, the OG film of Jim Hawkins and Long John Silver was a marvel at the time of its release.

Buy: Treasure Island $17.99

For a fun take on the pirate genre, the 1952 pirate movie The Crimson Pirate brings action, comedy, romance and even some impressive stunts for the time period. A tongue-in-cheek pirate flick that stars Burt Lancaster and his abs, the action-packed film is part pirate-spoof, part pirate homage. The classic film has earned an impressive 100 percent fresh rating on Rotten Tomatoes and continues to be a delightful watch for anyone looking for a pirate film that doesnt take itself too seriously.

Buy: The Crimson Pirate $2.99

As evidenced by the 2020 re-enactment featuring todays biggest celebs and a virtual table read by the original cast, the love for all things Princess Bride continues. The film about two lovers separated by pirates continues to be one of the most beloved comedies ever made. Adapted from William Goldmans 1973 novel, the 1987 Rob Reiner pirate movie didnt open to great fanfare at the box office but has since become a cult classic. Rumors of a remake were quickly shot down (prepare to die, remake rumors) by film lead Cary Elwes and Jamie Lee Curtis, whose husband Christopher Guest also appeared in The Princess Bride. A perfect pirate film left untouched for future audiences to enjoy? As you wish.

Buy: The Princess Bride $14.99

It can get lonely on the high seas, so naturally, there are some pirate movies with a touch of romance. Exhibit A is Cutthroat Island, a film plagued by rewrites and panned as one of the biggest box office bombs ever but to be clear, its still pretty entertaining. Were not watching pirate films for Oscar-winning performances, right?* While the script may be a bit outlandish (again, its a pirate movie), Geena Davis and Matthew Modine star in the 1995 movie that serves up plenty of action and stunning backdrops. For a pirate film that purely entertains, Cutthroat Island continues to be a fun romp.

*Ignore several of the Oscar-nominated films above when reading this statement.

Buy: Cutthroat Island $6.99

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Gather Round Mateys, These Arrrrre The Best Pirate Movies To Watch Right Now - Yahoo Lifestyle

You have what you voted for – Santa Barbara News-Press

Purely Political, By James Buckley

So much for serenity now.Until a week ago, the overwhelming majority of Democrats, progressives, bureaucrats, the very wealthy, media pundits and news readers (there are no more actual journalists that I can tell, certainly not among that group), along with their water carriers in the entertainment industry were settling into what they hoped would be four years of political bliss, or at least for the two years until the midterm election.

The steady hand of their 77-year-old commander-in-chief was on the bridge of the ship of state. Sonar blips emanating from the deep-sea intelligence community informed him there was no danger from below.

Radar signals forecast some slight turbulence ahead, but the vessels on the screen were deemed friendly. President Steady-As-You-Go Biden stood tall and his trusty ginger-haired first mate was at his side, ready to interpret the musings of her captain.

Executive Officer Kamala Harris, second-in-command, was itching and eager to take over the helm and become captain, as soon as Steady-As-You-Go left the bridge for a well-deserved nap, or if a sudden bout of sea-sickness overwhelmed him.

All was well on the good ship Lollipop.

So what if the southern border was essentially wide open or that hundreds of thousands of COVID-19 infected tourists? immigrants? invaders? drug dealers? money launderers? human traffickers? were waltzing across that imaginary line in the sand?

So what if President Steady-As-You-Go slowed, stopped and impeded production of oil and gas in the country, turning the newly energy-independent U.S.A. (the reason for the creation of the Department of Energy in the Carter years was to reach that fabled goal) into just another hat-in-the-hand energy beggar?

We will all become accustomed to $5-a-gallon gas at the pumps, wont we? After all, that would speed up the conversion to electric cars, wouldnt it? And, should the pump price of a gallon of gas go to $6 or more, our OPEC partners would be willing and able to fill the oil-and-gas gap, wouldnt they?

Turns out those faraway blips werent that friendly after all. What looked like harmless fishing vessels in all directions on a placid sea, as displayed on Captain Steady-As-You-Gos sophisticated radar screens, were hostile. And they were moving at increasingly faster speeds as they neared the good ship Lollipop.

Before Second-in-Command Kamala could shout Ships Ahoy! or even Incoming! Man Your Battle Stations! Full Speed Ahead! the blips had taken over 99% of the surrounding ocean. Not only had the super-sophisticated radar screens miscalculated the speed of the blips, but the Sonar under-sea intelligence crew had failed to notice anything at all.

Not to worry, now that the blips had control of the high seas, theyd allow safe passage for Steady-As-You-Go and his crew, wont they?

Aye, Aye, Captain!

America First!

Build Back Better!

(Wo)Man Overboard!

Wheres Kamala?

BACK ASHORE

Okay, enough with the seafaring references. I spent four years in the U.S. Navy, much of that time as a radioman third-class, so the only things I know about the military I learned on board a tender, then later a destroyer (affectionately known as a Tin Can by us seafarers). My job was to calibrate our receivers to a constant frequency, use Morse Code when all else failed, and to deliver messages to the captain on the bridge or in the radar room.And I never spent one day as a soldier and never saw military action (though my ships crew was called to General Quarters and ordered to take up battle stations a couple times while off the coast of Vietnam).

But, as an enlisted sailor, I came into contact with a large number of enlisted personnel (as opposed to officers), and I can say that we were an unsophisticated bunch. Though in my defense, I was a voracious reader in between poker games in the gun mount and liberty weekends ashore.

So, rather than state my opinion of the ongoing Afghanistan disaster, Im going to relate what retired U.S. Army General Don Bolduc, who served 10 tours in Afghanistan, said during a recent interview with Douglas Blair from the online Daily Signal.

I do believe General Bolduc hits the nail on the head.

BUILDING A NATION

This (war) was lost at the higher levels, the general said, noting that initially, the Armys role was to advise and assist (ousted President) Hamid Karzai in developing an Afghan indigenous force to defeat the Taliban and al-Qaeda in southern Afghanistan. We did that.

It absolutely is a war we could have won, the general said, and he laid the blame squarely on the notion of nation building that the military engagement turned into.

By June 2002, the Army had essentially completed its mission, and, the general elaborated, it was our opinion on the ground that the best way to approach this war (would be to) let the Afghans defend themselves, let them build their security, let them figure out how theyre going to prosper.

Unfortunately, the general observed, the U.S. decided to try and create a Western-style government, Western-style military, Western-style police, and he believed that was the wrong approach.

In light of that, the U.S. did change and began a bottoms up approach that was beginning to work. U.S. casualties were falling dramatically and the Afghan government effectively controlled about 90% of the country, the general said.

Next thing I know, the general said ruefully, Im sitting in briefings and were in the middle of 2013 in Afghanistan, and (Im told that) were going to pull all our assets out of the village areas before the mission was actually complete and solidified.

President Barack Obama had decided the war was over, and were going to transition to noncombat operations. Within three years of that decision, casualty rates climbed again.

We were losing big time, said the general.

As special ops, we were down there in the villages, and they loved us because we werent trying to change them. We were trying to facilitate their success using their culture and their beliefs in the way they want to live and just supporting that so they could build back up their institutions.

The Taliban destroyed their family; the Taliban destroyed their education system; the Taliban destroyed their security, their confidence. And so that all needed to be restored, and that took time. And thats what they saw our special operation forces doing, working with them, beside them and not trying to turn them into Americans

And I think thats one of the biggest frustrations that people in Afghanistan see and have is that in many respects, we took over. I mean in the early years we named their country, wrote the constitution.

We brought the Italians in to put together their justice system. We brought the Germans in to put their police together, and the U.S. military put their army together. Then we built their government, and we built it largely on a bureaucratic process that we were familiar with in the West. We focused top-down, so one of the things we did was we invested in corruption.

I credit President Trump with his plan, the general related, but he was pushing back against the Defense Department that wasnt onboard. So when he transitioned out of the White House, and President Biden came in, I could see quickly that this was going to deteriorate

I was very supportive of President Trumps withdrawal approach and plans. We needed to change our military mission there, but there was a responsible way to do it, and then theres an irresponsible way to do it. And I think we see the irresponsible way to do it

We can see that this is definitely the wrong way. And now were seeing the worst planned withdrawal by political and military leaders, I think, in the history of warfare.

It is a disaster; it is shameful.

James Buckley is a longtime Montecito resident. He welcomes questions or comments at voices@newspress.com.

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You have what you voted for - Santa Barbara News-Press

Annette and a truly weird summer at the movies – Vox.com

Have you noticed how weird the movies are this summer?

I dont mean the moviegoing experience, though if youve been inside a theater you know its unusual; I mean the movies themselves.

In Pig, for instance, Nicolas Cage plays a truffle hunter who goes after his stolen pig in what many expected would be a revenge thriller, but it turns out to be a quiet meditation on memory, loss, and ... fine dining in Portland? The Green Knight has been surprisingly successful despite releasing only in theaters during a pandemic and despite being deeply, almost off-puttingly strange. Old, a peculiar family drama set on a beach that makes you old, has sold enough tickets to triple its $18 million budget. Even the standard big-budget blockbusters F9, Black Widow, Jungle Cruise, Free Guy have had an air of oddness about them, with flying space cars and discussions of ovaries and CGI depictions of the food chain and video game characters gone rogue.

As the summer careens to a close, cinemas freaky vibes are palpable. And the freakiest of them all might be emanating from Annette, Leos Caraxs new musical about ... uh. Well. Its about a doomed romance, but its also about a lot of other stuff: art, opera, death, stand-up comedy, the danger of taking a small craft on the high seas, the many things a puppet can do surprisingly well, fatherhood, and the whole concept of watching a movie in a theater.

Adam Driver and Marion Cotillard, both bona fide movie stars, sing and wail and have some sex (sometimes all at the same time) in this aggressively non-accessible movie which, depending on how you feel about that, is either a blast or a nightmare. It begins with the cast and filmmakers singing to the audience about how were about to start watching a movie. At the end, they sing to us about how the movie has ended and they hope you enjoyed it, and please tell your friends.

Driver plays Henry McHenry, a wildly popular and wildly confrontational stand-up comedian who bills himself the ape of God and openly mocks his audience from the stage. He has fallen in love with the waifish, wondrous opera singer Ann Defrasnoux, whose gut-wrenching performances draw staggering crowds. (In the world of Annette, opera singers are as beloved and tabloid-worthy as rockstars.)

The pair live in Los Angeles, and they are madly in love, and they sing about it a lot in a recurring number entitled We Love Each Other So Much. Annettes songs penned by Ron and Russell Mael, a.k.a. the pop duo Sparks are mostly very literal, with characters often describing what they are doing or what they are about to do or what they think they might do.

Annettes entire vibe is much more opera than musical; honestly, it might be best to go into the film with that expectation. (Much of the music is more recitative than pop ballad.) Do you love the bluster, pretension, and glorious goofiness of opera? The improbable stories and over-the-top madness? The songs that often repeat themselves, over and over, morphing into different keys as the mood of the story changes from delirious romance to devastating tragedy? The moments when key characters inform the audience of whats going on by singing directly to them? The morally shaky but oddly compelling protagonists? If you dont care for any of that, Annette will most likely be baffling. If you do, Annette is for you.

Henry and Anns romance leads them on a tragic journey, made more tragic by the presence of Anns lovelorn accompanist (played, perhaps improbably, by The Big Bang Theorys Simon Helberg). Henry and Ann have a baby, named Annette, portrayed in the film by a puppet. She can sing. One scene is set at the Super Bowl. Its a strange film.

Annette was the opening night film at the Cannes Film Festival in July, where it fit right in with the festivals often bellicose offerings. After a modest two-week stopover in theaters, its now hitting Amazon Prime. So a lot of people have access to it, and its easy to imagine the confused reaction of audiences who hit play on the film because theyre excited to watch Kylo Ren sing.

For some, that unexpected turn may lead to disappointment or it may lead to the kind of frustration that some Nic Cage fans may have felt upon seeing Pig or that some Dev Patel fans may have felt upon seeing The Green Knight. Whatever your expectations are, Annette and other summer offerings are something else.

In our risk-averse movie industry heavily reliant on franchise fare, sequels, reboots, and Netflix originals that feel very much like some other movie you saw not that long ago this streak of oddball storytelling, this trend toward breaking convention, is refreshing. The truth is that the American film business hums along mainly by not rocking the boat, by not upsetting audiences, by trying to fulfill expectations but rarely challenge them. At best, thats how you give people something thats comforting and fun. More darkly, its how you rake in advance ticket sales and drum up free advertising, also known as fan buzz, and ensure your continued survival. Today, its often perilous to release a movie that people might find uncomfortable.

The truth remains that we live in the world the culture industry created, where selling an entertainment product that is content is the priority, and taking a chance is rare. But a silver lining to this strange summer, in which some of the biggest films flopped or failed to generate buzz, has been the opportunity to have robust conversations about films that dont pander to their audience.

My own mental measuring stick for a films greatness is the response it provokes. If audiences leave the theater (or turn off the TV) with an array of strong reactions some love it, some despise it, some think it has merit but will vigorously argue over their reservations then the movie they just watched was worth the investment of time and talent. Its doing what art should do. If a film receives a pretty good! reaction across the board, Im much less interested.

Sure, the latter variety will wind up with a higher Rotten Tomatoes score than the former. Yet the one that makes me argue with friends and resists attempts to cram it into a box is the movie I want to watch. That this summer has served up more of those kinds of films than usual Annette being only the latest example is probably a fluke. Its also a gift; for those of us who take movies seriously, its what we hope for all year.

Annette opened in theaters on August 6. It begins streaming on Amazon Prime on August 20.

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Annette and a truly weird summer at the movies - Vox.com

As Henri Nears US Coast, Threat to Long Island Increases – East Hampton Star

Winds and heavy seas from Hurricane Henri are expected to reach Long Island late Saturday, well before the storm itself makes landfall sometime on Sunday.

If possible, boaters should pull their vessels out of the water before the storm makes landfall, just to be safe, said Ed Michels, East Hampton Towns chief harbormaster.

In an 11 a.m. advisory, the National Hurricane Center in Miami reported that Air Force Reserve reconnaissance planes had reached the storm during the morning and observed that it was poised to strengthen. Uncertainty about the actual path Henri will take remained, however. Hurricane winds are expected to extend far from the center and tropical storm winds well beyond that.

This thing keeps changing so drastically every couple of hours, Mr. Michels said. I guess we're going to have to wait until tomorrow to get a closer track, but if you're worried, haul it out, or have the marina haul you out.

The National Hurricane Center said that storm conditions on eastern Long Island were possible as early as 8 p.m. on Saturday with Henri's eye passing just east of Montauk Point at about 8 p.m. Sunday, diminishing in strength slightly, then moving inland on Monday and Tuesday.

The extent of erosion along the ocean and bay beaches will depend on when the worst of Henri reaches eastern Long Island. The evening high tides around the full moon on Saturday and Sunday were already forecast to be the highest in August, well above normal. At their peak late Sunday, ocean waves were forecast at 10 to 15 feet and higher offshore.

Mr. Michels said that if Henri reached the shoreline as a tropical storm, that might help a little bit. Some people have issues with the surge, or the wind or rain. There are different problems caused by each one of them.

Coast Guard Station Montauk is well prepared in the event that distressed mariners call for help, said Boatswain's Mate Luke Schaffer, the executive petty officer of the Montauk station.

We have a 47-foot motor lifeboat and a crew that will be manning it, he said. We are a heavy-weather station, so we're capable of going out in some pretty rough weather. There is a chance that it will be out of our response parameters, but I'm predicting that will just be for a short period of time.

Officer Schaffer echoed Mr. Michelss concerns. Make sure boats are securely tied to docks and that small craft like kayaks and canoes are pulled further from the shore. The Coast Guard often starts searching for a missing person when those are floating around in the water, he said.

East Hampton Town Supervisor Peter Van Scoyoc's office advised residents and visitors to monitor weather forecasts closely. In a notice sent out Friday afternoon, the town said its emergency preparedness team was in place and coordinating with Suffolk County officials.

In a message to customers, Peter Mendelman, the president of Sea Coast Enterprises, which operates several marinas and ship's stores at Three Mile Harbor in East Hampton, called Henri a "serious" hurricane and recommended that boaters double-up on dock lines and place protective fenders alongside hulls.

A fireworks show that was to be held by the Devon Yacht Club in Amagansett on Saturday at dusk was canceled; the East Hampton Fire Department had not announced a decision about its own fireworks show at Main Beach in East Hampton Village, but on Friday morning appeared ready to proceed with the show.

The anticipated strength and path of Henri was similar to the track Hurricane Bob took in August 1991. Developed from low pressures of the atmosphere near the Bahamas, Hurricane Bob struck the Northeast including Long Island on Aug. 18, 1991. It left thousands of companies and residences without power.

Bob caused an estimated $4.5 million in losses to East Hampton and Sag Harbor boaters alone. With the hurricane changing course and hitting several states, it left over a $1 billion in damage.

With Reporting by Conor Hogan and Christine Sampson

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As Henri Nears US Coast, Threat to Long Island Increases - East Hampton Star

Indias Highway Construction Is in the Fast Lane – Fair Observer

When experts look back at the early 2000s, they will observe that India embarked on a construction spree to develop its transport infrastructure. The country is emulating what the United States and Europe did in the previous century and what China and East Asia have done more recently. Traditionally, India focused on railways. For the last 20 years, roads have been the priority. Now, the country is also focusing on its 116 rivers and long coastline to develop commercial waterways.

As is well known, various factors contribute to a nations development. The most fundamental is the availability of food and water for the population. Here, India has had some success since its independence in 1947. In health care and education, India can and must do better. India also needs to improve safety and security for its citizens and improve the rule of law. The factor most important for Indias development is perhaps transportation because it has the greatest multiplier effect on the economy. As a result, transportation has the greatest potential to improve the lives of ordinary citizens.

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Transportation infrastructure, such as railways, roads, air traffic and waterways, are the arteries of a countrys economy. The German economy was built on the backbone of an outstanding railway system and the legendary autobahn. The US is knit together by a crisscrossing network of freight trains, interstate highways and airports. Advanced economies like Japan, South Korea, Switzerland and the Netherlands are known for their evolved infrastructure.

In recent years, China has set the standard for implementing infrastructure at a scale and speed unprecedented in history. Most economists credit spectacular rates of economic growth to Chinese investment in infrastructure. India is betting that building good infrastructure will boost growth, create jobs and raise the standard of living for hundreds of millions.

According to a 2018 report by NITI Aayog, the premier policy think tank of the Indian government, 59% of all freight in India is transported by road, 35% by railways, 6% by waterways and less than 1% by air.

On March 31, 2020, Indias railway track length stood at 126,366 kilometers and, on March 31, 2019, the length of national highways was 132,500 kilometers. Per 100 square kilometers, India has more railway tracks and highways than countries like the US and France. This does not necessarily mean India is doing well. South Korea and Japan have over four times the highway length per 100 square kilometers.

Instead of the density of infrastructure per unit area, density per population size seems to be the more accurate metric. When it comes to infrastructure per million people, India fares very poorly. For instance, Indonesias population is merely 20% of Indias, but its highways are twice as long as Indias. South Koreas population is a tiny 4% of Indias, but its highways are thrice as long as Indias. The top two stars on the infrastructure front are the US and Australia, followed by Japan and France.

Indias highway network is inadequate for the countrys needs. Highways comprise 1.94% of Indias total road networks but carry a staggering 40% of total road traffic. This means that not only do they suffer high wear and tear, but transportation continues to be a big bottleneck for the economy. It is little surprise that India is finally investing in transport infrastructure.

After independence in 1947, India underinvested in infrastructure. Two centuries of colonial extraction had left the country with limited resources and almost unlimited public needs. In its early years of independence, India struggled to feed its masses. There was little money to build railways, roads, ports, airports and transport infrastructure.

India also lacked the expertise to build such infrastructure at scale. Planners, engineers and skilled labor were all in short supply. The nation did not have enough knowledge of transport technology either. There was another challenge in a densely populated democratic country. Infrastructure projects result in the displacement of large numbers of people. Many resist, others negotiate hard and still, others approach their local politicians who start resisting these projects to win votes.

Indias varied geography also imposed daunting challenges for developing infrastructure. Largely flat countries like Australia and France could focus on railways, which run twice as long as their roads. Mountainous countries like South Korea and Japan have built more roads than railway lines. While plains and plateaus in India are crisscrossed by railway lines, roads are the means of transportation in its extensive mountainous regions.

Over the last 20 years, Indias focus has shifted to roads. This began under the coalition National Democratic Alliance (NDA) government led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). Although this government lost the 2004 election, NDAs vision set in motion transport infrastructure development. In 2014, the BJP-led NDA returned to power and accelerated the building of highways across the country.

NDA-initiated highway construction was kickstarted by the Golden Quadrilateral, a project connecting Indias four biggest cities: Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata. This boosted economic growth. Since NDA returned to power, India has embarked on Bharatmala Pariyojana, an ambitious project to connect the entire country through a network of highways like the fabled interstate highway system of the US. Even remote regions such as the northeast and Jammu and Kashmir will be covered.

In the past, India did not measure highways as per international standards. This meant their growth could not be measured and compared easily. To quote management guru Peter F. Drucker, If you cant measure it, you cant improve it. Since 2018, the measure of highway length in India has been aligned with international standards. While impressive figures on the growth of national highways have been published, their interpretation now is clear and consistent.

There has also been a steady increase in highway construction rates. In March 2021, it reached 37 kms/day. For the 2020-21 financial year Indias financial year begins on April 1 and ends on March 31 road construction averaged 29.81 kms/day. In 2014-15, the rate was 16.61 kms/day. Six years on, the road construction rate has almost doubled and is the fastest India has achieved since independence. The credit goes to Nitin Gadkari, the minister for road transport, one of the star performers of the NDA cabinet. In March, he claimed that India had secured the world record for fastest road construction.

The oldest civilizations have originated and flourished near major rivers for a simple reason. They provide fresh water, a fundamental human need. Rivers also provided an easy way to travel and transport goods before the advent of roads and railways. Even today, commercial transport of goods via rivers, lakes and oceans continues to cost less than via land. While container ships regularly carry goods across the high seas, most countries no longer use their rivers very well. The US, Australia, Japan, Russia and China are among the few countries that use their rivers and inland waterways well.

India has 116 rivers. Potentially, these could provide 35,000 kilometers of waterways and should be tapped. The government set up the Inland Waterways Authority of India in 1986 for development and regulation of inland waterways for shipping and navigation. In spite of tremendous cost advantages, waterways commercialization received little attention over the next 30 years. In 2016, the NDA declared 111 rivers across India as national waterways, a quantum leap up from five. By 2020, the government operationalized 12 of these waterways. The journey to suitably develop the remaining 99 will be a long and expensive one. However, this investment will cut logistics costs tremendously in the long run and boost Indias competitiveness.

Gadkari points out that the cost of logistics in India is 18% of the total cost of production. For China, this figure is 8-10%. Notably, waterways account for 47% of total transportation in China, compared to 3.5% in India. As waterways develop, so will commercial activity along their banks and lead to job creation.

India has another major underutilized natural resource. It has a long coastline of 7,500 kilometers spread across 14 states. To develop ports and coastal transportation, the government has launched the Sagarmala project. This could achieve what the Golden Quadrilateral did for roads in the past. By 2025, the government aims to increase the share of waterways transportation from 3.5% to 6%, reducing logistics costs, boosting exports and generating 4 million new jobs.

About 53% of Indias population is under 25 years of age and many of them need jobs. Employed young people are more likely to send their children to school. They are likely to eat better and live longer. So far, Indias growth rate has not exceeded the job creation rate. For social and political stability, the government needs to create jobs.

While Indias economy continues to grow, the pace of growth does not match the employment needs of Indias young population. Building infrastructure is one of the best ways to generate employment because of its massive multiplier effect in an emerging economy like India. The country needs competent ministers and bureaucrats with domain expertise such as Gadkari. Key ministries overseeing power and finance in New Delhi and Indias state capitals should emulate this model.

Along with building infrastructure, India must reform its arcane laws of colonial and socialist heritage to boost economic activity. The government must also reform education and vocational training in collaboration with industry to raise the skills of the workforce, improve employability and increase productivity. This is a tall order, but if India can get its house in order, then domestic and foreign investment would flow in. Then, the country would finally be able to join the Asian tigers as one of the worlds fast-growing economies.

The views expressed in this article are the authors own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observers editorial policy.

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Indias Highway Construction Is in the Fast Lane - Fair Observer

The Fiji Times Skipper’s legacy A lover of the sea – Fiji Times

Tosay that the late CaptainJonathan Smith was an old saltwould be an understatement.

His love for the sea stemmedfrom a long lineage of Smith patriarchswho had an intimate relationship withseafaring and all things nautical.

From the moment he discovered themystery of the deep blue to when he waslaid to rest last week Monday, Skipperas the late Captain Smith was fondly

known, was the epitome of an old salt.

In fact, his voyages on the traditionalsea-going canoe Uto Ni Yalo from 2010 to 2012 were in some ways an opportunityfor Skipper to revisit the challenges anddifficulties his forefathers faced whenthey battled the elements on the greatsea journeys they took.

He was a fourth-generation captain.

His great-grandfather, Captain JosephSmith sailed to Fiji from England inthe early 1900s and married FlorenceMitchel of Qamea.

The third of their five sons, StanleyFredrick Smith, his grandfather, alsobecame a captain.Skipper, as he was affectionatelyknown, was born on August 23, 1973, toFredrick George Smith and Stella AlexandraLouise Smith nee OConnor.

He was the eldest of five childrenincluding Wallace, Floyd, Leeanne andReona and had links to Lovoni, Taveuni,Kadavu and Levuka.

Skipper was educated at Veiuto PrimarySchool, Suva, and Drasa AvenueSchool and Natabua High School inLautoka.

Before he earned his stripes as a captain,he had a lot of leadership practicewith his siblings.

His brother Wallace said before theirparents would go to choir practice onSaturday morning, the Smith siblingswould be given instructions on thechores they were supposed to do.

Skipper would change it around andreassign everyone, he said.

But no matter what, the house wasalways spotless before mum and dad gothome.

Their father was a mechanic andoperated Smiths Automotive Services, agarage in Lautoka.

Skipper, however, decided on a differentpath and took to the sea.

Wallace said it was just somethingthat was always in his blood.

He was always drawn to the sea fromwhen he was born.

We the siblings have all gone intoour own fields, but that was always hiscalling.

The sea speaks to everyone differently,and it definitely called Johnathan.

As a brother, he said Skipper could bea hard case but he always cared for hisfamily and no problem lasted more thana day.

Skippers love for his family wasalso reflected in the love he had for hisfriends and the many relationships heformed with the people he crossed pathswith.

In her eulogy, his cousin Sylvia Sagar recalled Skippers first day at Veiuto.

She said she was given the responsibilityof looking after him.

Until he made friends, it was myresponsibility to make sure he was OKat school, she said.

As you can imagine, it wasnt longbefore he didnt want to hang aroundwith me anymore, he had made his ownset of friends.

When the family moved to Lautoka,a new set of friends was found, includingthe now Reverend James Bhagwan,who said Skipper used to make fun ofhim as the talatala who got chased outof Sunday school for asking too manyquestions.

Another close friend, Aman Ravindra-Singh, said he remembered him as ajovial and positive person from highschool.

He always got on with others newand old and was always prepared tohelp anyone and everyone, he said.

In 1992 Skipper attended the Schoolof Maritime Studies and lived with Sylviasparents in Suva.

It was while he was at maritimeschool that he met Mavis Shaw, thewoman who would eventually becomehis wife.

(Back L-R) Jeric and Tristan, (middle L-R)Mavis, Shaula and Skipper, (front) Carterat Shaulas baptism. Picture: TRISTANSMITH/ SUPPLIED

She said they first laid eyes on eachother at a popular Suva night spot.

A month later he came to my sisterHarriets birthday and well it startedfrom there, she said.

They dated for a few months beforeSkipper was called to sea. It was afterhe left that Mavis found out she waspregnant.

In March 1996, their eldest son Tristan was born and they married six monthslater because of his schedule at sea.

Skippers career path meant he had tospend long periods of time at sea, awayfrom his growing family.

But he was able to do it because hecould always count on Mavis support.

I always supported him, I told him Iwould take care of the home front.

They went on to have three more children,Jeric, Carter and Shaula.

He spent his time on bulk carriers andcontainer ships, building his experienceand climbing the chain of command.

During his journey, he encounteredmany challenges.

In 2002, he and his crew were strandedin Bangladesh after their ship was arrestedfor unpaid bills, Wallace saidthey were stuck there for nearly six months and survived on rainwater andrice.

He never lost hope and never let thecrew lose hope either, he said.

Some of them were ready to end itall, but he just kept telling them to staypositive, that they would all make itthrough.

After arriving home from Bangladesh,he traded life on the high seas to becloser to his family.

He took up a job with Naia Fiji, adive-cruise company based in Lautoka.

In a tribute message, cofounder RobBarrel said he knew Skipper was theman they needed to run their ship.

He said Skipper was a true leader whotook responsibility for errors and washighly respected and regarded for bothhis seamanship and his character.

Even after leaving, he would alwaysreturn to take the Naia on internationalexpeditions.

He later went to the Middle East andwhile there, Skipper got a call from Colin Philp who was looking for a captainfor the Uto Ni Yalos maiden voyage andhe came back home to sail it some 30,000nautical miles around the Pacific.

I think if we searched for a hundredyears, we wouldnt have found a moreperfect captain to be the first Uto Ni Yaloskipper on her maiden voyage aroundthe Pacific and the longer voyage allthe way to the United States, Mr Philpsaid.

And the kava session on the Uto NiYalo became the norm wherever weanchored.

Skipper was very vocal and articulateon matters affecting the country andwith his passion for the sea.

Colleagues and friends said he knew what he was talking about, walked thetalk, and never minced his words.

To some he was a marine environmentalist,to others he was the go to weatherman,a captain or as Mr Philp put it Simply a friend or a kava buddy.

The line was often blurred as heformed family-like relationships withthose who he engaged with at workor around the tanoa. He was also verywelcoming to young people and wouldoften sit with his sons and their friendsto talanoa on the porch at Nukuwatu,Lami.

But at the end of the day, he was afamily man. He moved close to home tobe with his wife and kids who he loveddearly, he cared immensely for siblings,he spoiled his nieces and nephews andwouldve been the worlds best Pa too.

A day before he was to bury his mother,Skipper suffered a heart attack whiledriving in Lautoka on Monday, August 9.

He was 47.

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The Fiji Times Skipper's legacy A lover of the sea - Fiji Times

Jellyfish Found in Greece are the Least Dangerous of All – Greek Reporter

Chrysaora fuscescens. Credit: Dan90266/Wikimedia Commons CC BY-SA 2.0

The jellyfish one sees on the beaches in Greece are probably the least dangerous of any anywhere, with their size being much smaller than those found in the worlds oceans.

Jellyfish, also called jellies, or medusas because of their tentacles are a large group of zooplankton organisms that exist in all seas of the world and live at all depths.

They typically eat small sea plants, shrimp, or fish. They use their poisonous tentacles to stun prey before eating it.

Jellyfish have significant active motion but their movement depends on sea currents. Large populations of jellyfish appear in the Greek seas with a periodicity of 10-12 years, similar to that observed in other Mediterranean countries.

In Greek seas, jellyfish typically remain for two to three years, and the period of their stay varies depending on the region and the environmental conditions of each marine area.

It is a misconception that the presence of jellyfish in our seas is because of pollution.

The most common jellyfish in Greek seas is the Pelagia noctiluca, which lives on the high seas and its population growth has been proven to have nothing to do with pollution.

Population fluctuations of Mediterranean jellyfish are more closely linked to sea temperature fluctuations and other environmental factors affected by climate change, such as periods of drought or even just heavy rainfall in the Spring months.

All jellyfish bite because they need to eat. They cannot see, but they can detect motion. They have urticaria cells that secrete toxic substances to stun their prey. With few exceptions, the sting of most jellies is not annoying to humans.

The jellyfish species found in the Greek seas are the least dangerous of all jellies.

A huge increase in the jellyfish population on the beaches in northern Greece has generated concern this year among scientists and beachgoers alike.

Biology professor at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Chariton Chintoroglou, spoke to interviewers from Agency 104.9 radio explaining the phenomenon.

The jellyfish species seen on the beaches in Greece is the most common of all, called moon jellyfish, the professor explained.

Sampling was done in Thermaikos Gulf and we realized that the number of jellyfish, Aurelia Aurita, is increasing dramatically, which shows a periodicity in its reproductive behavior.

We are in a period of successful reproductive behavior, with many offspring. It is a phenomenon that we will be able to overcome, Chintoroglou stated.

We can only speculate on such population outbursts. It has been found that there is a periodicity in increasing their population limit, the professor added.

This species of jellyfish is not toxic, he stressed. The system receives such pressures of population outbursts, which will balance after a period of time.

Chintoroglou further explained that after August 15 the big blue medusas (Rhizostoma pulmo) will appear in the waters of northern Greece.

Due to climate change and the prolonged increase in the average annual temperatures, we have phenomena that are becoming more and more frequent. Phytoplankton is growing at a rapid rate, providing plenty of food for zooplankton, the professor added.

Pelagia noctiluca. Credit: Hans Hillewaert/Wikipedia CC BY-SA 4.0

The color is purple of the Pelagia noctiluca or reddish and its average diameter is just 6 cm (2.3 inches). To us it is known simply as the purple jellyfish, the only jellyfish with this delicate hue in Greece.

A true bioluminescent organism, as its name implies, it even glows at night, offering a rather spectacular sight, but its sting is painful and annoying.

If you see it where you are swimming, it is best to get out of the water.

Aurelia aurita, or moon jellyfish. Credit: Alexander Vasenin/Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0

Also known as glass, the Aurelia aurita jellyfish is the most common in all the seas in Greece. Its umbrella is relatively flat and is transparent with a slightly white shade and four characteristic circles on its outer part.

Its sting is not annoying to most people; hard to spot when you look down from above, it is also known as the moon jellyfish.

Cotylorhiza tuberculata. Credit: Fredski20139/Wikipedia CC BY-SA 3.0

Very large in size and with a brown-yellow color, Greeks also call theCotylorhiza tuberculata the fried egg jellyfish because of its shape and color. It is sometimes referred to as the Mediterranean jellyfish.

In addition to looking like a fried egg from above, it also resembles a bouquet of flowers as seen from the side. It is widespread in the Aegean and its diameter can reach 40 cm (15.7 inches). Its sting is not dangerous.

Rhizostoma Pulmo. Credit: Ales Kladnik/Wikipedia CC BY 2.0

Also known as blue jellyfish, the Rhizostoma pulmo is large in size and its umbrella has a bluish color with purple shades or a purple band on the outside. It closely resembles a mushroom in form.

The sting of the rhizostoma pulmo is not annoying or painful.

The Cotylorhiza tuberculata, also called the brown medusa or saloufa, as Greeks term it, is very common in Greek seas; it is also harmless.

This particular jellyfish is being found everywhere in the Greek seas this year. It is harmless, so you can even hold it without fear, as seen below.

Several ecological groups advise not to take out of the water and throw these harmless medusas in the sand or the trash.

Greek woman holding a brown medusa (Cotylorhiza tuberculata) in her hands. Credit: ROSA/Facebook

1. Jellies are the oldest multi-organ animal in the world

Jellyfish have been around the planet for at least 600 million years. They were here before dinosaurs or bony fish, before animals or trees, even before flowers or fungi.

Jellyfish have survived five mass extinctions, including the Permian-Triassic extinction event which wiped out up to 70 percent of life on Earth.

2. Jellyfish dont have brains

Not only that, they also have no blood, no bones, and no heart. They have an elementary nervous system with receptors that detect light, vibrations, and chemicals in the water.

Jellyfish also have a sense of gravity. With these abilities, they can orient and navigate in the water.

3. Some jellyfish are immortal

There is a death-defying species of jelly called the immortal jellyfish (or Turritopsis dohrnii) found in the Mediterranean Sea and in the waters of Japan thats biologically immortal.

When the medusa Turritopsis dohrniidies, it sinks to the ocean floor and begins to decay. Amazingly, its cells then reaggregate not into a new medusa, but into polyps, and from these polyps emerge new jellyfish.

4. Jellyfish are in every sea of the world

Jellyfish are found in every ocean in every part of the planet, from the coldest freezing waters of the Arctic oceans, to the warm, temperate waters of the tropical oceans.

They exist in different water conditions and at all depths, from the ocean floor to the surface. Theyre even found in some freshwater lakes and ponds!

The moon jellyfish tha glows in the dark. Credit: Andreas Augstein/Wikipedia Andreas AugsteinOwn work selbst fotografiert; Ort: Aquarium Berlin. This image shows two moon jelly fish (Aurelia aurita).CC BY 3.0

5. Some jellyfish can glow in the dark

Many jellyfish have bioluminescent organs which emit blue or green light.

The light emission is typically activated by touch, which serves to startle predators. This light may also help jellyfish in a number of other ways, like attracting prey or warning other organisms that a particular area is occupied.

6. Not all jellyfish have tentacles

What are jellyfish known for? Some may say their trailing tentacles, but actually not all jellyfish species have tentacles. The Deepstaria, for example, is a genus of jellyfish known for their thin, sheet-like bodies and their lack of tentacles.

7. Theres a giant jellyfish called the hair jelly

The lions mane jellyfish (Cyanea capillata) also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly is the largest known species of jellyfish.

The largest recorded specimen was found washed up on the shore of Massachusetts Bay in 1870. It had a bell with a diameter of 7 feet 6 inches and tentacles 121.4 feet long longer than a blue whale and it is considered one of the longest animals in the world.

8. 150 million people are stung by jellyfish each year

That means that in the few minutes or so its taken you to read this far, more than 1,000 people have been stung by jellies.

9. Jellyfish poison can be deadly

The Australian box jellyfish (Chironex fleckeri) is considered the most venomous marine animal on earth. Its sting can cause paralysis, cardiac arrest, and death within a few minutes barely enough time for a victim to swim to shore!

10. Fish eat jellyfish, too

Despite their venomous defenses, jellyfish are not without predators. Tuna, sharks, swordfish, sea turtles, and even some species of salmon are the jellyfishs natural enemies.

11. Some jellyfish are edible

Some jellyfish can be a delicacy and there are over 25 edible types. They are typically found in salads or pickled; some people say they have salty taste and a similar consistency to noodles.

12. Some jellyfish went to space

In 1991, over 2,000 jellyfish polyps were blasted into space in an experiment to test their reaction to the lack of gravity.

The guinea pig jellyfish reproduced in space, creating over 60,000 progeny. However, the space-bred jellies were not able to function properly when they returned to Earth.

The killer Chironex fleckeri (Australian box jellyfish). Credit: Guido Gautsch/Wikipedia CC BY-SA 2.0

In March this year, a 17-year-old Australian teen was lethally stung by an Australian box jellyfish, a species that is considered the most venomous marine animal.

The Australian box jellyfish is so named after its shape. It has long barbed tentacles which are covered in pockets of venom.

When the venom is injected into people or animals, it can lead to paralysis, cardiac arrest and death.

However, not all box jellyfish species can kill. There are at least 51 species of the box-shaped creature but only Chironex fleckeri, Carukia barnesi, Malo kingi, and a few others deliver a sting that can be lethal.

The lethal varieties of box jellyfish are mainly found in tropical waters off northern Australia.

The Greek beach jellyfish are not really dangerous. Their sting can be annoying and uncomfortable for a little while but this is the extent of it.

However, if you get stung by any of the jellyfish often found in Greece, you can do the following:

Rinse the affected area with sea-water. Avoid fresh water, vinegar, alcohol; or urine, as some older people wrongly suggest.

If any tentacles are still attached to the skin remove them with a gloved hand, a stick, or a towel.

Do not rub the affected area as this may result in further release of the venom.

If the sting is strong, place a dry cold pack (ice in a plastic bag wrapped in a towel or t-shirt) on the affected area.

If you are allergic and feel more than a topical sting and itch, you must seek medical attention.

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Jellyfish Found in Greece are the Least Dangerous of All - Greek Reporter

Chubut imposes strict measures on shrimp landings to protect the fishery – MercoPress

Friday, August 20th 2021 - 18:36 UTC Fisheries secretary Gabriel Aguilar reached an agreement with the provincial fish industry chambers

The Argentine Patagonia province of Chubut has imposed strict limits to the landings of shrimp caught in its waters, with the purpose of protecting the resource, limiting discards and damaged crustaceans which result in lower prices because of poor quality.

Fisheries secretary Gabriel Aguilar reached an agreement with the provincial fish industry chambers and the measures will be implemented in all Chubut ports limiting volume landings for artisanal, coastal and high seas vessels, plus the recommendation that the same caution be applied to national waters, where the province does not have jurisdiction.

Volume landing limits are calculated according to the vessels' size, potential and will only be allowed a daily outing.

The agreement represents an advance in sorting the Patagonian shrimp fishery, working in consensus with the fishing sector, and above all with the purpose of preserving the resource, which although limits catches it ensures the fishery's long term said Fisheries secretary Aguilar adding that the measures will improve productivity, reliability and help with anticipation of future activities, plus the sustainability of jobs.

Aguilar also underlines that Chubut represents 85% of shrimp landings in Argentina which gives an idea of how privileged the province is, and it is our job to guarantee that catches are sustainable.

However the truth seems to be closer to the fact that there is/was a bumper harvest of shrimp, and vessels were over catching which among other things means bad fishing practices and damaged crustacean tails.

Queues for landings as ports are congested can lead to melanosis or black spots and the smell of the shrimp blocks. Besides many shrimp tails are damaged which has an impact on discarding and prices at the processing plants.

Good quality tails make up to US$ 6,50 a kilo, but the poor quality ones barely reach US$ 4,50. It was precisely the fact that a high percentage of catches was of poor quality forcing significant percentages of discards that led to a round of meetings with officials to address the issue.

At first we thought they were isolated cases but unfortunately we confirmed it was a major problem. Quality plus the increase of the fishing efforts combined for a bumper crop to turn into a disastrous season, according to the chamber of processing plants.

In effect the high seas vessels were allowed to remain 72 hours in the fishery, to which then had to be added sailing time back for landing, and probably a congested port with a further delay.

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Chubut imposes strict measures on shrimp landings to protect the fishery - MercoPress

Indian Ocean: The maritime links of India-Malaysia – Hindustan Times

The Indian Ocean has been a site of human interaction for many millennia, enabling the development of an interactive high-seas trade between many different regions. The strong maritime bond between Southeast Asia (SEA) and the Indian subcontinent represents a special component of the maritime interception of the Indian Ocean. Indeed, historian G Coedes referred to SEA as the Indianised states, and others such as C Majumdar and HB Sarkar have called SEA Greater India or Further India. Another prominent Indian strategic thinker, KM Panikkar, referred to India as part of SEA, which he viewed as extending from India to Indonesia.

The India-Malaysia maritime bond especially can be observed in ancient Indian literature collections, which mention India and Malaysias long-distance voyages such as Ramayana and make specific references to Yaradvipa (the island of Java) and Suvarnadvipa (the Malay peninsula). Other sources include the Kathasaritsagara (or Ocean of the Streams of Stories), which has a clear reference to a great mountain named Malaya in the southern region that probably refers to Malaysia today, and the Mahajanaka Jataka (Ten Great Birth Stories of the Buddha), which recounts a specific voyage from Champa with goods for trade and export to Suvarnabhumi - Burma and the Golden Chersonese - an ancient name for Malay Peninsula, as named by the Greek geographer and astronomy Ptolemy. Another prominent connection is the sea voyages of Rajendra Chola from Southern India in the 11 th century to SEA, with Malaysia on the receiving end for trading purposes.

Geographical proximity is one underlying factor behind the strong maritime connectivity between India and Malaysia. Prior to the 18 th century, India generally acted as a bridge between east and west. Similarly, the Malay peninsula acted as a crucial haven to many vessels sailing between the Middle and the Far East. Deep oceans can be challenging for sailors, so when eastbound sailors, having passed the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, approached Sumatran waters, the west coast of the Malay peninsula allowed them to refit and repair ships damaged by storms before continuing their voyage to the Far East and China. Places like Kedah, Penang, Perak, Malacca, and Johor, which are strategically situated between the choke points of east and west, facilitated these needs, further fostering the establishment of maritime connections between these two regions. In turn, when ships from SEA sailed westwards, they tended to call into major ports like Nagapatnam, Porto Novo, and Masulipatnam on the east coast of India, as well as Cambay, Calicut, Surat, and Goa on Indias west coast before continuing to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.

The high demand for natural resources and luxury goods bound both countries together as well. The Indians perceived gold as a symbol of wealth; at an early stage, Indian merchants were therefore obtaining gold from the Sumerians, the Persians, the Egyptians, and the Roman Empire. However, as the supply of gold dropped in those places, India began searching for alternative supplies of gold and eventually came to view Malaysia the transcendent Land of Gold. The abundance of spices such as cloves, cardamom, and nutmeg in Malaysia and Indonesia also attracted Indian merchants. Other areas include Karpuradvipa (probably Borneo), which produced camphor; Takkola (perhaps present-day Phuket on the north-west of the Malay peninsula), which produced cardamom; Narikeladvipa, the island of coconut palms; and Yavodvipa, the island of barley, possibly near Java. These spice islands led to the Indian merchants dominating the trading links at the Malaysian ports.

Another influencing factor is monsoon season. As Sinnappah Arasaratnam remarks, Nowhere else on the globe is the annual reversal of wind and rainfall regimes as spectacular as in the realm of the Indian Ocean and surrounding land areas. The mariners of the east coast of India were aware of the monsoon winds and currents and used them for maritime trade; hence the maritime trade from India to SEA was a seasonal phenomenon. During the summer (May to September) the southwest monsoon blows in a north-easterly direction over southern India, crossing Sri Lanka into the Bay of Bengal and heading for the northern part of the Malay peninsula. In winter (November to March), the northwest monsoon blows in the opposite direction, from the northern part of the Malay peninsula south-westwards, towards the Arabian Sea. Voyages between east and west were dependent on these wind conditions, and ships naturally tended to stop at certain strategic ports, such as Malacca. Thus many merchant junks stayed on that coast, and this location became a transit point; it was convenient for sailors and merchants to anchor their ships in this safe harbour as they prepared for their voyages to India or across the South China Sea.

Monsoon season was also fundamental to the beginning of the cross-cultural bonds between India and Malaysia; merchants and sailors who docked their ships from India for several months in Malaysian ports soon began building local settlements, which eventually turned the areas into cosmopolitan centres and ports. The various merchants from Coromandel, Malabar, Madras, Surat, Calicut, and Cambay at these local settlements communicated by means of a local lingua franca and intermarried with the women of the local communities.

The strong bond is thus the result of the natural conditions and proximity of the Indian Ocean, which acted as a bridge between the two countries shaping a complex trading society. This relation exists till today. Even the Indian community in Malaysia, which has strong roots in India, was shaped by the Indian Ocean the presence of this community alone is an intriguing feature that shows the long existing and strong maritime bond between India and Malaysia.

(This article is authored by Dr Tharishini Krishnan, senior lecturer and research fellow at Centre for Defence and International Security Studies (CDiSS), National Defence University Malaysia.)

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Indian Ocean: The maritime links of India-Malaysia - Hindustan Times

Shark Experts Agree, These Are The 5 Best Dive Sites In The World – Forbes

Shark Diving

I found myself staring right into the eyes of a large Tiger shark, its mouth slowly opening and closing as if breathing my space. My first time swimming with sharks was on the North Shore of Oahu, off the coast of Haleiwa, as our cage-free snorkel adventure had us surrounded by a collection of large sharks. It was one of the most breathtaking experiences getting face to face with these powerful creatures, and I became obsessed with searching for the best dive spots around the world for beginners and experienced divers.

One of the ultimate bucket list adventures is the thrill of controlled shark encounters, whether free diving or from a cage, an extraordinary opportunity to encounter these powerful predators from close up and believe it or not, shark diving with the proper operator actually helps them survive.

I spoke with some of the world's leading shark experts on selecting the best experience, from cage diving with Great Whites at Mexico's Guadalupe Island to swimming with hammerheads in the Philippines while always supporting and protecting the species.

Swimming with hammerhead sharks

Many adventurers consider doing cage free dives, and according to Dr. Craig O'Connell with theO'Seas Conservation Foundation, "This all depends on the level of experience of the diver and the sharks that specific diver is diving with. Sharks are made out to be menacing man-eating machines; however, this couldnt be further from the truth. So in certain situations, diving outside the cage can be a safe way to both observe sharks and their natural environment. However, we must also understand that some of the larger shark species, such as the white shark, are top predators. While I swim out of the cage with them routinely, that is only because I have 1000s of hours of experience diving and observing them. For people without that level of experience, I would suggest using cages with white sharks. This allows the divers to see these sharks close up and personal, which will allow for these divers to gain an unprecedented respect for the animals. Usually these experiences are motivating and immediately dispel any sort incorrect stereotype created by cinema or the media which then results in more supporters and conservationists in the long run."

When it comes to the benefits of diving with sharks, Stefanie Brendl withShark Alliessays, "Sharks are worth so much more alive than dead. Just look at the future potential of eco-tourism - it is many-fold that of commercial fishing. Places like Palau, and the Bahamas have greatly benefited from being shark diving meccas. Sharks are a keystone species - they are essentially the white blood cells of the ocean. They take out the weak, the dead and the sick and therefore keep diseases from spreading in fish and mammal populations. They make sure the strongest, fastest survive and that keeps populations vibrant and strong.

Master feeder Rusi with Bull Shark

And finally, Shark research expert Dr. Mauricio Hoyos, withPelagios Kakunj, talks about the rapid decline in the shark population. "The overfishing of sharks happens because of the huge demand and a lack of management to ensure shark fisheries are sustainable. Around 100 million sharks may get killed annually, often targeted for their fins for shark fin soup.

Researchers have recently determined that sharks and rays' global population has crashed by more than 70% in the past 50 years, with massive ongoing losses pushing many species towards extinction. We still have time to avoid many species' collapse by understanding the importance they have in our marine ecosystems. We must start by educating ourselves and leave behind ignorant beliefs that sharks are mindless, dangerous animals. We must also identify the different threats they are facing in our countries to develop scientific, management and conservation programs to protect them."

Chris Hemsworth preparing to dive at Fish Rock, South West Rocks

Hollywood is jumping in with extensive coverage this Summer, including a recent Nat Geo special,Shark Beach, which airs on Disney+ starring superheroThoractorChris Hemsworth. Hemsworth, a first-time scuba diver, joined underwater conservationist Valerie Taylor as they dived at Fish Rock off the Mid-North Coast of New South Wales to encounter massive nurse sharks. Shark hunting, climate change, and environmental devastation are drastically reducing and displacing specific shark populations. The special put a spotlight on these magnificent creatures and their plight to raise awareness about the problem. The family-ownedSouth West Rocks Dive Centreled the expedition.

But many researchers are not happy with Hollywoods portrayal of sharks during the Discovery Channels popular televised Shark Week. "The public's perception of sharks, shark science, and shark scientists is heavily influenced by Shark Week. Unfortunately, we found that Shark Week programming focuses on negative portrayals of sharks and does not often accurately portray shark research nor the diversity of expertise in the field. While critics have been saying this for some time, we now have the numbers to back it up," said lead author Dr. Lisa Whitenack, associate professor of biology and geology at Allegheny College.

For those who wish to support shark tourism, here are five of the top shark diving locations for your next adventure as selected by some of the world's leading shark experts and divers.

Cage diving in Hawaii

Operator: Lahaina Divers- Molokai, Islandview Hawaii- Oahu

Sharks: Hammerhead, White Tip Reef Sharks, Tiger Sharks

One of the most challenging and hard to access dives, this location has one of the highest collections of marine species in Hawaii. This is truly a destination for experienced divers only and is primarily a drift dive with strong currents through the Pailolo Channel. Located on the far eastern side of Molokai nearMokuhooniki Rock the 110 deep spot feet actually feels like its raining fish as you descend along the lava pinnacle.

Other locations in Hawaii also offer accessible entry-level shark tours for non-divers (in a cage), or you can swim with the sharks with snorkels as I did on the North Shore of Oahu.

Diving at Tiger Beach

Operator: Neal Watsons Bimini Scuba Center

Sharks: Tiger and Hammerhead

Only two destinations offer dedicated tiger-shark dives, South Africa and the Bahamas. Bimini at Tiger Beach, off West End, Grand Bahama, is the perfect destination for the Great Hammerhead Safari.

As a cage-free adventure, you'll wait in groups on the sandy bottom as the sharks' circle for several minutes in crystal clear and warm water. Diving at Tiger beach requires scuba certification, but there is also a Bullrun Shark Cage option for other visitors.

Neal Watson, who runs Bimini Scuba Center, and is the most preferred outfitter among experts, says, "There's a lot we can do to save the sharks. Finding out where your seafood comes from, avoiding longline fisheries, and using your tourism dollars to visit locations and operations that help protect sharks."

Great White Shark Cage Diving Guadalupe Island, Mexico

Operator: Horizon Charters and Incredible Adventures

Sharks: Great White Shark

One of the four places in the world to dive with great white sharks, Isla Guadalupe is one of the most famous and highly recommended by every expert. Here you can dive with these huge sharks using open-top cages for viewing up close. The remote island with crystal clear water is located 150 miles off the west coast of Mexicos Baja California, and is only accessible by liveaboard due to its location. It has an enormous concentration of Great White Sharks, and Scuba certification is not required for this experience.

Dr. Mauricio Hoyos says, Cage diving is often controversial because baiting the animals has been linked with potential negative effects including habitat use, surface behavior, bioenergetics, conditioning, as well as an increase in the frequency of interactions with humans. At Guadalupe Island, the study of the effects of ecotourism is a priority for the local authorities in supporting the conservation of this species.

BEQA LAGOON, FIJI:Beqa Lagoon is one of the world's very few shark sanctuaries, set up to protect ... [+] the many species nearby from the harmful effects of overfishing on their food supplies.

Operator:Thresher Shark Divers

Sharks: Thresher

The Philippines has hundreds of shark dives featuring whale sharks, reef sharks, and zebra sharks. But shark enthusiasts keep returning to the Philippines for one dive in particular Monad Shoal in the tiny island paradise of Malapascua. Monad Shoal was made into a marine park to protect the sharks and contains the most prolific thresher shark sightings in the world.

According to Andrea Agarwal with Thresher Shark Divers, "We have been able to put laws in place for the sharks and they are now legally protected with a police patrol to back it up. This has meant that in my 18 years there, the population of sharks has actuallyincreasedinstead of decreased."

Diver taking photograph of Great Hammerhead Shark

Operator: Beqa Adventure Divers

Sharks: Bull, Tiger, Reef

Billed locally as the "Best Shark Dive in the World," the Shark Dive is located on the reef off the Southern coast of Fiji's largest island, Viti Levu, where you can experience up to eight species of Sharks.

With an easy 20-minute ride on a hydrofoil catamaran from where your yacht is moored, Beqa Adventure Divers have worked closely with the Government of Fiji and the traditional owners of Shark Reef to have it designated as the protected Shark Reef Marine Reserve.

The Reserve was created to study the resident shark population and, in turn, aid in the long-term conservation of sharks worldwide. Mike Neumann, Director of Beqa Adventure Divers, says, "As ecotourism operators, all of us need to strive to have the smallest possible negative impact on the animals and their habitat, and we also need to operate safely."

Whale shark with diver

Dr. Andy Cornish, head ofWWFsglobal shark and ray conservation program, adds more amazing diving spots from around the world.

The Egyptian Red Sea for crystal clear waters and close-up encounters with confident and curious oceanic whitetip sharks (now sadly critically endangered). These used to be the most abundant sharks in the topical high seas but have been decimated by fisheries targeting tuna.

Ponta do Ouro in Mozambique for a variety of species, including Scalloped Hammerheads, tiger sharks, and manta rays. The offshore pinnacles here are incredibly alive with marine megafauna, including dolphins and humpback whales; you never know what youll bump into on the way out to a dive site.

One place I haven't visited for too long but would wholeheartedly recommend is Donsol, in the Philippines, to save whale sharks. While you cannot dive there (diving with these animals is not recommended), you can go snorkeling and experience these gentle giants in the wild. Our WWF-Philippines team has worked with the local community and authorities there to develop a highly successful model for responsible and sustainable shark tourism, so by going there, you can not only swim with these animals but also help support local communities and wildlife conservation.

See the article here:

Shark Experts Agree, These Are The 5 Best Dive Sites In The World - Forbes

North Vancouver RCMP remind boaters of rules on the water during education blitz – North Shore News

'Project Wave' event demonstrated a need for improvement among recreational boaters in North Van, according to police

Some North Shore boaters looking to hit the high seas received low marks from police during an educational exercise this past weekend.

Fifteen of 61 boaters checked by North Vancouver RCMP officers at the Whey-ah-Wichen (Cates Park) boat launch were turned away because of equipment or licensing infractions on Sunday (Aug. 15).

One boater, who had his children with him, was turned away because he had no life-jackets at all, said Sgt. Peter DeVries, police spokesman, in a news release.

The ocean-bound education campaign was conducted, in concert with ICBC, in order to remind boaters to abide by Transport Canada rules and guidelines, and increase knowledge of boating safety.

Project Wave demonstrated a general need for improvement among recreational boaters in North Van, according to police.

All boaters are required to have a Pleasure Craft Operator Card in order to operate a powered watercraft. The law applies to all boaters and applies to a boat with any size motor, and many vehicles at the boat launch werent in possession of such a license, according to police.

In addition to the boat launch check, the detachments marine patrol vessel spent the day patrolling the waters around the park.

A number of boaters were stopped for travelling too fast for the conditions, though no impaired boaters were discovered during the event.

Officers stopped and checked 20 additional boats, said DeVries. We want people to know that every time we stop someone on the water, were going to assess whether there is alcohol on board and if the operator has been drinking.

While there are generally no posted speed limits on the water, there are rules governing boating speeds, with operators asked to observe the unposted speed limit of 10 km/h within 30 metres of the shore.

The waters around Whey-ah-Wichen are often full of swimmers, stand-up paddleboards, and boaters in small craft such as canoes and dinghies, said DeVries. Boaters simply have to be aware, careful, and travel slowly through these high-use areas.

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North Vancouver RCMP remind boaters of rules on the water during education blitz - North Shore News

Salinity Measurements of the Adriatic Sea Record an Unprecedented Increase – Total Croatia News

August 23, 2021 - Are the high levels of salinity in the Adriatic a threat to fisheries and marine flora and fauna? Recent salinity measurements show an unprecedented increase, and this is a red flag.

Through a report by Novi List, scientific advisor to theRuer Bokovi Institute Dr. Ivica Vilibi, analyzes the results of an investigation that has been conducted since 2017, investigating high levels of salinity measurements in the Adriatic Sea and the impact on fisheries, as well on the marine fauna and flora.

Temperature - which has also risen in recent decades - affects the living world. Namely, the Adriatic is becoming home to species of warmer seas, which entered and are entering from the Red Sea into the eastern Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, and will be brought to the Adriatic by currents, says Dr. sc. Ivica Vilibi

The Adriatic is saltier than ever before since salinity has been monitored - are the results of research by Croatian and Italian scientists, published in the prestigious journal Frontiers by Marine Science, which deals with the biology of the sea and water.

Photo: Mario Romuli

In this interdisciplinary research, led by Dr. sc. Hrvoje Mihanovi from the Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries from Split, and with dr. Sc. Ivica Vilibi from the Ruer Bokovi Institute, researchers from the University of Split and Zagreb, and the National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics in Italy also participated.

Researchers point out that the continuity of salinity measurements in the Adriatic has existed since the 1950s, to the present day, on several climatological profiles in the northern and central Adriatic, and on the profile from Rovinj to the Po River in Italy and on the Palagrua threshold salinity is measured monthly or seasonally. these researches were the basis of many findings from oceanography.

''Such long time series are actually rare in the world and invaluable in today's era of climate change'', it was pointed out in the announcement of the Ruer Bokovi Institute, on the occasion of the publication of the research results.

During the research, the scientists analyzed a number of available data, and the analysis included measurement data by marine multiparameter probes, autonomous vertical-sampling floats (so-called ARGO floats), remotely controlled oceanographic submarines (so-called gliders), satellites that measure sea level, as and data obtained by an oceanographic model of the Mediterranean that assimilates satellite and other measurements and therefore provides the highest quality representation of three-dimensional oceanographic fields.

This research is funded by the HRZZ projects ADIOS, MAUD, BivACME and ISLAND, CAAT, and HIDROLAB projects funded through the European Structural and Investment Funds, the MOCCA project funded through the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund, and the ArgoItaly program funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research.

The occurrence of extremely high salinity measurements was recorded in 2017 when in the Southern Adriatic and on the Palagrua threshold the concentration of more than 39 per mille of salt in seawater was measured, which was the first time that such high values were measured in the Adriatic Sea layer, to a depth of thirty feet.

According to the Institute, it is common in the much saltier and warmer Levant, where the saltiest water in the Mediterranean, the so-called Levantine intermediate water, is created. In October 2017, the salinity measurements in the surface layer on the Palagrua threshold reached record values, which were more than 39.1 per mille. In addition, with minor oscillations, high salinity in the first two hundred meters of the sea has remained in the central and southern Adriatic until today. At the moment, the salinity measurements in the central part of the southern Adriatic are higher than 38.8 per mille in the entire water column, and along the surface, it reaches 39.15 per mille.

Causes of salinity measurements increase include:

''This sudden increase in salinity measurements recorded since 2017 is partly caused by climate change and partly by natural changes in the circulation in the Ionian Sea. Namely, in the last ten years, an exceptional increase in salinity has been recorded in the eastern Mediterranean, and these water masses have begun to overflow into the Adriatic. This increase in salinity measurements, as well as the constant increase in salinity that we have seen in the Adriatic in the last hundred years since the measurements began, have certainly been caused by climate change. In addition, there are natural oscillations of salinity in the Adriatic, which change salinity upwards or downwards every 5 to 10 years, and we are currently in a period of slightly increased salinity due to currents in the northern Ionian Sea'', says Ivica Vilibi, one of the research participants.

Photo: Mario Romuli

In addition to these processes, the scientists concluded, the increase in salinity is "due" to the reduced inflow of fresh water from rivers flowing into the Adriatic in the period of one year before high salinity, and the cause of reduced inflow is reduced rainfall in the wider Adriatic and basins. the rivers that flow into it. Another process that increases salinity refers to the pronounced inflow of solar energy to the sea surface during summer and early autumn, when the weather is warmer than average and with little wind, or with weak vertical mixing in the sea column and stratification of the water column on the extremely warmer surface, and a cooler middle and bottom layer. Consequently, a process occurs that involves pronounced evaporation and loss of water from the sea surface.

Regarding the consequences of the appearance of invasive species, one of the most famous and devastating cases took place in the Black Sea, where the finch (Mnemiopsis leidyi) was first observed in the early 1980s. It is a small animal, resembling a jellyfish, seemingly harmless, because it neither has jellyfish-like jellyfish, nor feeds on fish, but in the Black Sea it multiplied in such quantities that it almost completely destroyed the fund of small fish, feeding on plankton, which is why there was enough food for anchovies and sardines, and their disappearance led to the collapse of part of the fishing industry in Turkey, Bulgaria, and Romania. Ribs, under favorable conditions, reproduce at an explosive rate, literally snatching food from small blue fish and other marine organisms that feed on plankton, which has consequences for other marine animals that feed on small blue fish. Ribs have also been spotted in the Adriatic in recent years, for the first time in 2005, in the Gulf of Trieste, but the population appears to be controlled by Beroe ovata, a species of jellyfish that is a major predator of ribfish and prevents their uncontrolled reproduction.

Photo: Mario Romuli

Of the four main processes leading to increased salinity, as many as three have already been documented in the Mediterranean as a direct result of climate change, and scientists warn that they will bring even warmer and drier summers, lower river flows, and consequently stronger surface warming and salinization. As life in the sea, they point out, from plankton to fish to bacteria, is dependent on temperature, salinity, and available nutrient salts, the observed changes will certainly have a significant impact on life in the Adriatic. Such effects have already been recorded and documented in the last few decades, for example, the entry of new fish species, changes in the relationships and abundance of bacterial communities, the extinction of colder sea species.

Vilibi adds that the consequences of the increase in salinity have yet to be thoroughly investigated, but in combination with the warming of the sea, they could be far-reaching for Adriatic species, and

''It is difficult to quantify the impact of increasing salinity on the living world in the Adriatic because the relationships in the food chain are insufficiently known in the current climate. What we do know is that the increase in salinity has a significant effect on the amount and composition of bacterial communities, invisible to the human eye and a significant component of the food chain. Their hitherto unrecorded anomaly was investigated during 2017, but it can be assumed that such a situation continued. In a way, these communities are equivalent to bacteria and microorganisms in our body, which is why we survive in symbiosis - so in the sea, larger individuals are dependent on the entire food chain, the smallest, but how and how much - it is the subject of research. We know too little to say with certainty that increasing salinity will shape Adriatic living communities in the future climate. But what we know better is how temperature - which has also risen in recent decades - affects the living world. Namely, the Adriatic becomes home to species of warmer seas, which entered and enters from the Red Sea into the eastern Mediterranean through the Suez Canal, and are brought to the Adriatic by currents. Let's hope that these changes will not be as strong as in the Black Sea, where the arrival of certain such species caused the collapse of fisheries'', says Vilibi.

The appearance of foreign or rare species in the Adriatic has become more frequent in recent years, with the "movement" of species to which the warmer sea corresponds further and further north being noticeable. This summer, the public's focus was on the appearance of fireflies or sea peacocks, a tropical species characterized by unusually long, venomous spines that, similar to spiders or groupers, cause severe pain in people who are stung.

Photo: Mario Romuli

The firefly arrived in the Mediterranean from the Red Sea, and as an invasive species it appeared in several areas around the world, and as it is a predator that has no natural enemies in the new areas, it has a detrimental effect on smaller fish, crabs, cephalopods and other marine organisms. which it feeds on. In the US state of Florida, there is a whole campaign to catch this invasive species, under the slogan "Eat them to beat them!", Which encourages the local population to consume this, for the environment, as people who they carelessly handle dangerous but supposedly very tasty fish species.

As for the impact on domestic fisheries and mariculture, he says the direct impact of man, through overfishing of marine organisms, is as big a problem as changes in environmental properties.

Dino Stanin/PIXSELL

''In fact, we know more about the former - there are many studies on it - while the impact of climate change on fisheries is still the subject of research. As for mariculture, which is becoming more common in the diet, compared to fish caught outside the cage, it will be easier to adapt to the new climate, because there are species in the oceans that tolerate warm seas and are suitable for farming, such as tuna. So, unlike fisheries, the survival of mariculture is a matter of adaptability to the changing environment, while the survival of fisheries is a matter of acting on environmental changes themselves, the latter being largely beyond our control because climate change will occur regardless of fisheries policy in the Adriatic. In that sense, global actions are needed in relation to the drivers of climate change, according to which we hope that the world will start and start acting'', concludes Vilibi.

For more news about Croatia, click here.

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Salinity Measurements of the Adriatic Sea Record an Unprecedented Increase - Total Croatia News

Mandal in Kamandal – The Indian Express

The political career of Kalyan Singh, the former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, who died on Saturday aged 89, reflects the ebb and flow of the BJPs electoral fortunes since its formation in 1980. His spectacular rise in the 1990s and marginalisation in the 2000s coincided with the BJPs own transformation from a cadre-based party that talked of Gandhian socialism to a mass outfit that championed Hindu nationalism during a period of political upheaval in northern India.

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Singh was well poised to ride the crest of the two ideas that had captured the zeitgeist of the decade Mandal and Mandir and occupy office in Lucknow as the BJPs first CM of UP. Along with Uma Bharti, he was the prominent face of the BJPs own Mandalisation process, through which the party had tried to shed its image of being a caste Hindu outfit and embrace a pan-Hindu identity with a support base that included large numbers of backward castes. Born in a Lodh-Rajput family, Singhs rise to office was viewed as representative of the empowerment of OBCs within the rubric of Hindutva politics, which also neutralised the political edge that Lohiaite groups had gained on the ground, post Mandal. As CM, he presided over the demolition of the Babri Masjid, a moment that shamed constitutional democracy, but also irreversibly changed the contours of the countrys politics. It also cost Singh his office. When the tide that rose with the Ram Janmabhoomi movement fell and equations within the BJP changed, Singh found himself dispensable to the party though he had become CM a second time in 1997. Singh quit the BJP in 1999 (and in 2004) to float his own outfit only to realise that he could at best be a caste leader and dent the BJPs electoral fortunes, but would need the support of his chief political adversary in the 90s, Samajwadi Party supremo Mulayam Singh Yadav, to win even his own Lok Sabha seat.

Singh returned to the BJP after more than a decade at the political fringes, but like Bharti, was a much diminished leader with little or no influence within the party on his return. It only seemed to confirm that leaders like Singh and Bharti commanded influence as products of a moment and movement, which overtook them, left them behind. Their relegation also suggested that OBC empowerment in the BJP could only exist as a current within the main course of Hindutva politics. However, the churn that Singh was a part of, and contributed to, has not ceased. It continues to shape the electoral and ideological contours of Indias politics.

This editorial first appeared in the print edition on August 24, 2021 under the title Mandal in Kamandal.

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Mandal in Kamandal - The Indian Express

Lorde and Nicole Kidman Take on the Cult-ish Wellness Industry – The Daily Beast

On Wednesday, Hulu dropped the first three episodes of its most star-studded scripted series to date, David E. Kelleys adaptation of Liane Moriartys bestselling novel Nine Perfect Strangers. Directed by Jonathan Levine and co-produced by Nicole Kidman, the limited series takes place in an exclusive wellness retreat where the titular guests attempt to undergo some spiritual and physical transformation, guided by a sketchy Russian guru named Masha, played by Kidman in yet another distracting wig.

As Kevin Fallon opined in his review, the series is a tonal mishmash. Despite some performances that would otherwise attract immediate awards buzz if placed in a better show, notably from Melissa McCarthy and Michael Shannon, none of them really coalesce to create a dynamic ensemble. Nor do any of these broadly written characters or the evidently fraudulent institution warrant that much intrigue. On a marketing level, the series also faces the burden of competing with the hype of HBOs just-concluded smash hit The White Lotus, which also portrays rich people swapping their privileged at-home lives for another privileged experience in an exotic location, and Kelleys previous Moriarty adaptation Big Little Lies, where his pen is far more robust.

Whether or not Nine Perfect Strangers attracts the fanfare its clamoring for with its cast of A-listers, its presence in the zeitgeist, and wonky, cult-ish portrayal of the wellness industry, along with other new media, feels indicative of a growing exhaustion and cynicism surrounding the state of self-care and wellness, particularly the ways its manifested in American life just over the past few years, from social media to QAnon conspiracies to corporate advertising and, of course, the current pandemic.

Wellnessencompassing holistic practices and dubious remediesis hardly a new phenomenon in the United States, although it feels like its become ubiquitous over the past decade. Since colonialism, the Western world has been importing and appropriating Eastern methods of medicine and spiritual practices that are now associated with catchall terms like New Age, alternative medicine, and even Goop. Self-care as a rationalization for incorporating wellness and self-improvement into our lives also has a deeper history than the average Instagram user inundated with #selfcare sponcon would be led to believe, promoted by ancient philosophers and repopularized in political environments like the womens liberation movement of the 70s and, specifically, queer Black feminist spaces. (This is why writer and activist Audre Lordes definition of the term is often referenced on the feminist sections of the internet.)

Now more than ever, these practices and their philosophies have been detached from their histories, stripped of their nuances and monetized by corporations and upper-class white peoplebut most visibly in pop culture, upper-class white women. In a piece for The New Yorker, Jordan Kisner writes about the #selfcare-as-politics movement of 2016 that was ironically powered by straight, affluent white women in response to Donald Trumps presidential campaign and subsequent election, a moment that awakened much of that demographic politically. Likewise, the rich white woman who collects crystals, receives sound baths and is obsessed with tarot cards and, most significantly, considers herself an expert in these customs has captured our collective attention and skepticism, from Gwyneth Paltrow and her Goop empire, Kourtney Kardashians try at her own Goop, shows like the aforementioned Nine Perfect Strangers and Foxs Fantasy Island (although the rich woman is Latina).

Now more than ever, these practices and their philosophies have been detached from their histories, stripped of their nuances and monetized by corporations and upper-class white peoplebut most visibly in pop culture, upper-class white women.

Lorde has taken on this archetype in her new music, particularly the music video to her latest single Mood Ring, which dropped on Wednesday ahead of the release of new album Solar Power. It captures Lorde, ironicallybut maybe not so ironicallydonning a blonde wig like Kidmans Masha, and a group of women in jade green performing sun salutations, turning through old, spiritual texts, and playing with crystals while the 24-year-old croons about tryna to get well on the inside. This lifestyle has been so readily adopted by her ilk, particularly people in the entertainment industry, that one might miss the satirical tone in these lyrics. In her newsletter, the musician explained that the song is satire and that the narrator is fictional, although she admits that she occasionally succumbs to magical thinking when she need[s] to believe in something to feel good and clear.

While Lorde lacks a strong rebuttal to the Gwyneth Paltrow figuremaybe because its too close to home the singers analysis of wellness culture and its misappropriations feels sharper when aimed toward men. On the Solar Power song Dominoes, she lambasts the specific type of man who takes on gardening, weed, and yoga to rebrand from his toxicity and misogyny. It must feel good to be Mr. Start Again, she sings caustically. The song cleverly illustrates how goodness is often ascribed to men who associate themselves with activities that are deemed feminine within our culture. But it also gets at the way self-improvement can easily be utilized as a Band-Aid or a facade in place of doing the actual work.

As culture becomes more and more desperate for healing, whether from political divisions, as our president constantly suggests, or literal life-threatening diseases like COVID-19, the space between community and cult, non-traditional medicine and pseudoscience, self-care and individualism seems to be capturing our artistic imaginations at an extremely vital time. How can the roots of wellness be reclaimed and reasserted when its become a $4.4 trillion money grab and employed for the most dangerous political agendas? Lordes Solar Power and Nine Perfect Strangers may not be perfect articulations of these quandaries, but they show how much there is to mine in that danger zone.

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Lorde and Nicole Kidman Take on the Cult-ish Wellness Industry - The Daily Beast

Another World: The Transcendental Painting Group At Albuquerque Museum – Antiques and the Arts Online

Casein Tempera No. 1 by Raymond Jonson, 1939. Casein on canvas, 22 by 35 inches. Albuquerque Museum, gift of Rose Silva and Evelyn Gutierrez, PC1999.85.1.

By James D Balestrieri

ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. Expression conceals as it reveals. To say art secretes meaning is to say the word secrete in its binary, antipodal meanings: secrete as discharge, release; and secrete as conceal, veil. Vibrations hide inside the geometry of the works by members of the Transcendental Painting Group, inside the Raymond Jonsons, Lawren Harrises, Emil Bisttrams, Agnes Peltons and all the rest, inside their concentric ellipses and polygons and fields of color. You want to unlock and hear those vibrations but their music is as elusive perhaps deliberately as the music made by ripples on a placid pond. Another World: The Transcendental Painting Group, the new exhibition at Albuquerque Museum, offers a comprehensive look at these understudied artists and their art.

Raymond Jonsons 1939 painting, Casein Tempera No. 1, is an excellent example and a good place to start this discussion. The shaded circle, just left of center, is a circle, a sphere, a hole, an eye, a porthole, a portal. It can be negative, like a hole, or positive, like a sphere. This object sits in concentric circles overlaid by a series of eccentric rotations. You can imagine the whole as a cosmic machine, the clockwork of a solar system. Your eye moves around it, over it, through it. Individually, the tones I am speaking of both color and sound are different, often very different, from one another; in combination, they harmonize. Overall, the effect is a kind of wandering restfulness.

Its amazing how often you find that a short-lived movement in art has a longer shelf life than anyone in the movement could ever have imagined. The Transcendental Painting Group (TPG) formed in 1938 and disbanded just three years later in 1941, in large measure because of the exigencies of World War II.

Installation image, Another World: The Transcendental Painting Group at Albuquerque Museum. Photo Nora Vanesky.

In the unending, alternately hot and cold, but ultimately phony war between realism and abstraction, the Depression fostered strong interest in representational art and the Social Realism characteristic of the WPA artists. In his essay for the catalog, The Transcendental Painting Group and Significant Abstraction, Scott A. Shields writes, As the TPG manifesto made clear, the group did not share the prevailing concern with political, economic or other social problems. Jonson, for one, sought consciously to work against the grain: I am not interested in telling the farmer and politician about our country but rather in telling all about the wonders of a richer and deeper land the world of peace love and human relations projected through pure form.' In other words, the concern of the TPG was for the spiritual health and well-being of all the people on the planet as opposed to the material needs of the impoverished and the failures of established political and economic systems to grapple with inequities. Like the realism of the period, the TPG saw an absence, and a need, but chose abstraction, not in the Modernist search for pure form art for arts sake but in search of artistic forms that would elicit responses, responses that, in turn, would contribute to human harmony.

Thinking about the Taos Society of Artists and Los Cinco Pintores in Santa Fe, about J.H. Sharp and Ernest Blumenschein, Fremont Ellis, Georgia OKeeffe, and dozens of other painters, the TPG brand of abstraction must have had a hard time in New Mexico. Like most artists, the TPG painters generally started out in the realm of realism. The Canadian painter Lawren Harris, for example, made his name painting landscapes that recall Rockwell Kents work mountains, skies, ice, water in simplified realistic forms, yet his desire to venture beyond that, to transcend it, if you will, is evident in his 1939 canvas, Painting No. 4.

There are asymmetrical mountain forms one gray, one turquoise that spill off the left and right edges of the painting, but the white diamond dominates the space and contains the lavender, blue and purple diamonds that vibrate and overlap inside it. It is as if mountains might emerge from these Platonic Forms of mountains, as if a single sun might form from the two at center and left and the parts of a sun that are gathering themselves at right. Together, the three are like shields with insignia, guardians of the natural world and natural law. Harris is after the mountain before the mountain, the symmetries that emerge into reality and are worn and transformed by time. Theres more. All of this is superimposed, as it were, on something we cant see apart from monochromatic arcs at the bottom of the canvas. Forms beneath Forms beneath Forms; like the parable of the turtles, it is Forms all the way down, though the more we look at them, the more we see that they are not archetypes, that their symbolism is Harris, expressed for us, if we want it.

Oversoul by Emil Bisttram, circa 1941. Oil on Masonite, 35 by 26 inches. Private collection.

Wassily Kandinsky is the driving force, the soul, if you will, of the TPG. His search for a conscious spiritual art one not dependent on surrealisms dreams, instinct and intuitions guides Jonson, Bisttram and the rest of the TPG. Kandinsky said, We have before us the age of conscious creation with which the spiritual in painting will be allied organically; with the gradual forming structure of the new spiritual realm, as this spirit is the soul of this epoch of great spirituality. In 1910, when he wrote On the Spiritual in Art, quoted above, the world, to Kandinsky, might have looked to be on the verge of transformation. By August 1914, it was, though the transformation was not at all what Kandinsky predicted. Had he written his book in 1915, that last quote might have been very different.

Conscious spirituality rejects surrealism but also repudiates the Emersonian idea of Transcendentalism, with its return to and reliance on natural forms as a path to spirituality. For the TPG, an awakened rationality and a fearlessness is the source of creation there is no turning back to nature or to earlier forms of art.

The TPGs true champion and philosopher, Dane Rudhyar, in his unpublished book-length study, The Transcendental Movement in Painting (excerpts of which are published in the catalog for the first time) makes the case for the TPG knowing that the world is on the brink of the centurys second world war. Rudhyar wrote: Let us be more brutally frank: the issue today for America is between Transcendentalism and some form of Fascism; between a Walt Whitman and a Mussolini; between a life of creative freedom in the realm of ideas and universal symbols, and a life of subservience to some collective pattern of thought and behavior imposed upon masses too frantic with insecurity and too emotional to resist the hysteria aroused by radio voices, by the modern black magic of dictatorships and organized greed.

Composition #57/Pattern 29 by Robert Gribbroek, 1938. Oil on canvas, 36 by 27 inches. Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, The Harriet and Maurice Gregg Collection of American Abstract Art 2019.42.

For Rudhyar, the TPG was necessary, an antidote for the above, summed up in this way: The purpose of the Transcendental Movement which can become the keynote of our century is to arouse men and women out of their bondage to sense-patterns and dead intellectual attitudes; to stir in each and all the creative spark, the Living God, whose essence is fire, audacity, heroic activity, search for ever wider meanings; whose rhythm is one of cyclic metamorphoses leading ever-onward along the spiral of ever-progressing, ever more transcendent living.

The radiance that the TPG strove for didnt stop World War II. Radiance twisted into radiation that fell on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, proving that we could make the fabric of nature do our destructive bidding. War is the opposite of art.

Still, look again at the works on these pages. TPG paintings often look as though they correlate to some phenomenon as though they might be scientific diagrams or visualizations of experiments with light or sound, or that they represent the infinite or the infinitesimal or that they sprang from science and then metamorphosed into something more, something neurological and metaphysical. Agnes Peltons 1930 painting, The Voice, for example, is an attempt to visualize song, speech, utterance. Under her brush, the voice becomes something vegetative, something growing and reaching up, something alive. Similarly, Emil Bisttrams Creative Forces is like the spectrum of a comet seen through a prismatic instrument.

Creative Forces by Emil Bisttram, 1936. Oil on canvas, 36 by 27 inches. Private collection, Courtesy Aaron Payne Fine Art, Santa Fe.

If theres a time and place for everything, 2021 might be the year for the Transcendental Painting Group. Artworks that convey spirituality unmoored from organized religion while blending mysticism and meditation, that seem to possess a personal, sacred geometry, while sharing in the Midcentury Modern appeal of Bauhaus and Art Deco, the atomic age and the jet age with all the connotations of a better tomorrow that may or may not come to pass might just be what the universe ordered.

In the phony war between realism and abstraction, realism often takes hold of the artistic zeitgeist at times when we need to be reminded of our common humanity; abstraction, on the other hand, often rises to the surface when it seems as though our inner lives need shoring up. Shields notes, In the United States, work by the TPG bore some relationship to the Synchromism of Stanton MacDonald-Wright and Morgan Russell, these artists, like Kandinsky, finding commonalities between abstract painting and music The reductive, streamlined Precisionism of Charles Sheeler and Charles Demuth also held aesthetic motivation for some in the TPG, Jonson most notably, as did the paintings of Joseph Stella and the design forms of the machine age. Reconciling machines and our species that makes those machines, marrying senses to sciences and making art of these syntheses is one of the philosophical projects of Twentieth Century art, a project very much on the minds of artists today.

Abstraction and realism. Its all isms, choices, human expressions that reveal as they conceal. The phony war between realism and abstraction is a war that was never a war. There are wars enough without it.

The exhibition is on view at the Albuquerque Museum through September 26. The show travels to the Philbrook Museum of Art from October 17, 2021 to February 20, 2022 and then to Artis-Naples, the Baker Museum, from March 26 to July 24, 2022. The show will then travel to the Crocker Art Museum from August 28 to November 20, 2022 and it will conclude at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art with a run from December 18, 2022 to April 16, 2023.

Albuquerque Museum is at 2000 Mountain Road NW. For more information, visit http://www.albuquerquemuseum.org or call 505-243-7255.

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Another World: The Transcendental Painting Group At Albuquerque Museum - Antiques and the Arts Online

Kalyan Singh was a product of, and contributed to, change in the BJPs politics, with all its tumult and contradictions – The Indian Express

The political career of Kalyan Singh, the former Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister, who died on Saturday aged 89, reflects the ebb and flow of the BJPs electoral fortunes since its formation in 1980. His spectacular rise in the 1990s and marginalisation in the 2000s coincided with the BJPs own transformation from a cadre-based party that talked of Gandhian socialism to a mass outfit that championed Hindu nationalism during a period of political upheaval in northern India.

Singh was well poised to ride the crest of the two ideas that had captured the zeitgeist of the decade Mandal and Mandir and occupy office in Lucknow as the BJPs first CM of UP. Along with Uma Bharti, he was the prominent face of the BJPs own Mandalisation process, through which the party had tried to shed its image of being a caste Hindu outfit and embrace a pan-Hindu identity with a support base that included large numbers of backward castes. Born in a Lodh-Rajput family, Singhs rise to office was viewed as representative of the empowerment of OBCs within the rubric of Hindutva politics, which also neutralised the political edge that Lohiaite groups had gained on the ground, post Mandal. As CM, he presided over the demolition of the Babri Masjid, a moment that shamed constitutional democracy, but also irreversibly changed the contours of the countrys politics. It also cost Singh his office. When the tide that rose with the Ram Janmabhoomi movement fell and equations within the BJP changed, Singh found himself dispensable to the party though he had become CM a second time in 1997. Singh quit the BJP in 1999 (and in 2004) to float his own outfit only to realise that he could at best be a caste leader and dent the BJPs electoral fortunes, but would need the support of his chief political adversary in the 90s, Samajwadi Party supremo Mulayam Singh Yadav, to win even his own Lok Sabha seat.

Singh returned to the BJP after more than a decade at the political fringes, but like Bharti, was a much diminished leader with little or no influence within the party on his return. It only seemed to confirm that leaders like Singh and Bharti commanded influence as products of a moment and movement, which overtook them, left them behind. Their relegation also suggested that OBC empowerment in the BJP could only exist as a current within the main course of Hindutva politics. However, the churn that Singh was a part of, and contributed to, has not ceased. It continues to shape the electoral and ideological contours of Indias politics.

This editorial first appeared in the print edition on August 24, 2021 under the title Mandal in Kamandal.

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Kalyan Singh was a product of, and contributed to, change in the BJPs politics, with all its tumult and contradictions - The Indian Express

What Afghanistan Teaches about the Art of the Possible – Geopoliticalmonitor.com

After decades of constant turmoil, the latest chapter in the conflict of Afghanistan took place as the Taliban overran the countrys capital in the wake of the withdrawal of US forces and the implosion of the Western-backed Afghan government. This outcome is being characterised as dramatic because of the inevitable comparison to the fall of Saigon and also because of the widespread resonance of the images that vividly illustrate the various facets of this calamity. The baffling scenes that show the hasty evacuation of American personnel and the capture of the presidential palace have caught the attention of observers from all over the world.

Moreover, the significance of this event is highlighted by the fact that, after almost two decades, the invasion and occupation of the Central Asian country did not go as expected. The limits of American military power even with the assistance of NATO forces and the involvement of other allies were demonstrated in a stark way. Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to interpret this as a return to the status quo that prevailed before Operation Enduring Freedom was launched. In fact, the Taliban is arguably more powerful than ever before. Right now, they control even more territory than before the Pentagons direct military intervention first started.

However, a closer and dispassionate analysis reveals that this turn of events is hardly surprising. After all, progress was elusive, governance was feeble at best, the promise of prosperity never materialised, and the costs of the war effort got to be far in excess of the marginal benefits being obtained, most of which concerned the dismantlement of al-Qaedas top leadership. Furthermore, there were longstanding and serious doubts about the effectiveness of the massive investments being made to develop governmental institutional capabilities in the fields of security and law enforcement.

On the other hand, the imperative to abandon Afghanistan had become self-evident in Washington itself. The proverbial writing on the wall had been there for a while. In fact, deliberations started during the Obama administration and the US government under President Trump even engaged the Taliban in talks to pave the way for a pullout. Regardless of contrasts in terms of both domestic politics and foreign policy, the Biden team was nominally committed to the execution of an orderly withdrawal. Yet, what was unforeseen was the speed with which the whole situation unraveled as the power void left by the US and its local allies was rapidly filled by the Taliban. No matter how this reality is sugarcoated by official spokesmen, it was a shocking failure in terms of foreign policy, strategic intelligence, and planning.

In this context, a great deal of attention is being paid to the damage done to the prestige of the United States as a superpower, the humanitarian impact of the crisis, the multiple political costs that would have to be paid in Washington, and the nature of the regime that will be established by the Taliban. Besides, another major issue that will certainly ignite geopolitical shockwaves on a global scale is the diminished credibility of American support, commitment, and security guarantees. However, this disaster can offer instructive lessons for policymakers, analysts, and scholars, which are valid for understanding matters that will condition international security environments for years and maybe even decades to come.

War is a phenomenon of permanent change

According to the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), the United States represents 33% of global military expenditures, far above any other country, including other great powers like China (13%) and Russia (3.1%). Qualitatively, the power projection capabilities of Washington include impressive platforms like aircraft carriers, submarines, state-of-the-art stealth fighters, nuclear weapons and ICBMs. Moreover, the American arsenal also contains special operations squads, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and highly sophisticated systems of intelligence and surveillance. In contrast, the Taliban is an irregular and loose alliance of militias equipped mostly with primitive firearms. Nevertheless, that massive disparity did not prevent the Pentagon from experiencing a severe setback in Afghanistan.

In order to understand such paradox, it is necessary to highlight that war is commonly regarded in Western countries as a military activity in which performance is mostly conditioned by logistical, operational, and technical matters. Those variables are of course relevant but said technocratic vision of military conflict is flawed because it overlooks that war is above all else a quintessentially political reality in which violence is instrumental in a deadly struggle between clashing interests, as the Prussian military thinker Carl von Clausewitz famously explained. Furthermore, it also has a psychological dimension that cannot be manipulated with hardware or weaponry alone. Neglecting such axioms is not just an intellectual shortcoming. Actually, an inaccurate assessment of what war is all about can lead to disastrous decisions.

Moreover, even though the underlying logic of war remains constant, its grammar evolves and becomes increasingly complex. As the Chinese General Sun Bin presumably related to the legendary Sun Tzu argued hundreds of years ago, war can be regarded as a kaleidoscopic phenomenon whose permutations are endless. In the particular case of Afghanistan, a modern national fighting force along with NATO troops and the Afghan government were involved in an intermittent confrontation with tribal warlords affiliated with the ideology of hardline militant Islamism.

In other words, it was an asymmetric conflict. This war is an illustrative example of what American professor Sean McFate refers to as durable chaos, i.e. a protracted conflict fought between the armed forces of a national state and a nonstate actor in unconventional battlefields in which rules of engagement are unclear. Moreover, an aspect that provides an additional layer of complexity is that the motivations of both sides could not have been more different. For the Americans this was an optional conflict fought very far away from their own homeland and one in which no vital interest was at stake. In contrast, for the Taliban it was an existential confrontation and a holy war against both infidels and apostates.

Under such conditions, there is no precise definition of victory. The rebels win as long as they do not lose and the invaders lose as long as they do not crush the insurgents. In this regard, the coalition headed by Washington rapidly overthrew the Taliban regime, but it never managed to pacify the whole country. In addition, the reach of the new Afghan government seldom went beyond the perimeter of Kabul, leaving the hinterland mostly wild, lawless, and dangerous. Eventually, through a relentless campaign of guerrilla warfare, spectacular acts of psychological warfare, salami tactics, the appropriation of modern weaponry handed over by deserters from the US-trained security forces, and a final Blitzkrieg offensive, the Taliban achieved their intended outcome: the eviction of the foreign invaders and the demise of the client regime they had established.

Another factor that must be taken into account in order to understand why this turn of the tide was seen by so many as surprising is that, in the context of asymmetric wars, appearances can often be deceiving, especially if ones analytical framework relies on narrow unidimensional prisms. Specifically, the idea that technological superiority by itself is enough to ensure a favorable result in war is not supported by empirical evidence. Hence, understanding the comprehensive and malleable nature of war in todays world requires a broad multidimensional perspective.

Nevertheless, despite the deeply humiliating overtones associated with the loss of a crucial anchor of geopolitical influence in Central Asia, this can be an opportunity for learning in Washington itself. As a result of that military, strategic, political and diplomatic catastrophe, the worlds leading sea power will have to rethink, reassess, and reformulate its grand strategy, the actual reach and limitations of its national power, and the criteria that will determine its involvement in operational theaters in which direct intervention can create more problems than it solves. Thus, this occasion is appropriate for the Americans to analyze the far-reaching implications of fighting land wars in Asia against subnational nonstate actors the 21st century. As classical realist thinkers such as Thucydides and Machiavelli have argued, the sense of humbleness imposed by restraint is a timeless virtue of paramount importance for statecraft.

The influence of geography cannot be overstated

Sometimes, obvious realities are so blatantly evident that they are actually overlooked. As the German philosopher Carl Schmitt noted, man is an earthling. As such, the political behaviors of human groups are heavily influenced by the spatial and material contextual circumstances in which they live, grow, thrive, decline, and fight against each other. In fact, the idea that geography is a powerful driver of political actions and interactions especially because of its relatively unchanged permanence in time is the core fundamental assumption held by all works of geopolitical literature.

Accordingly, an in-depth scrutiny of Afghanistans geographical conditions is essential to explain the countrys past and present. Afghanistan is a landlocked state located in the so-called rimland, a region whose control is constantly being contested between continental (aka the heartland) and maritime powers from what it is referred to as the outer crescent. However, it can also operate as a pivotal land bridge that connects vibrant, wealthy and powerful nations from the Eurasian landmass with one another. In fact, Afghanistans territory was crucial for the trade networks that were established under the umbrella of the legendary Silk Road. This reality explains why such a location at the crossroads of empires has attracted the interest of mighty conquerors such as Alexander the Great, the British Empire, the Soviet Union, and the United States.

Nevertheless, that reality does not clarify why Afghanistan has acted as a graveyard of empires, i.e. a black hole that drains the strength, manpower, resources and even the vitality of foreign invaders. Afghanistans rugged and arid geography entails meaningful military, political and economic challenges. Consequently, it is a place that is hard to control, rule, manage, and develop. Moreover, the ubiquitous presence of mountain ridges is an element that gives birth to clannish societies that are deeply distrustful of outsiders, particularly if those outsiders come from either valleys or ports. Such societies are protective of their own beliefs, ways of life, traditions, laws and independence. Likewise, in those environments, fierce warriors that are feared by their enemies are much more common than accommodating merchants and individuals who are eager to embrace ideologies with ecumenical pretensions.

Afghanistan is perhaps the most paradigmatic example of this reality. However, it is critical to underscore that, throughout history, the highlands have been the natural habitat, protective shelter, and perfect hideout of guerrilla forces, insurgents, separatists, rebels, religious extremists and even drug lords. In fact, many contemporary flashpoints are located in mountainous environments, including the Caucasus, Tibet, Scotland, Kurdistan and even the remote Colombian and Mexican villages in which the presence of the state is not even symbolic.

Hence, geography is an impersonal force that has played a major role in the history of Afghanistan. Yet, it can also determine its future, as the countrys geography offers many obstacles but it also provides assets that can be harnessed in a strategic way. For instance, it contains vast untapped deposits of natural gas, metallic minerals including rare earths and gemstones. Moreover, it is well positioned to participate in the ambitious multilateral projects of regional interconnectedness headed by China and, to a lesser extent, Russia. Yet, only the power of human agency will define if, how, and under what terms Afghanistan is willing to play its cards as a potential geoeconomic corridor. At least for the time being, it seems the Taliban are prepared to adopt a pragmatic approach for statesmanship in the latest iteration of the Great Game played on the Eurasian geostrategic chessboard, but only time will tell.

Militant Islamism is here to stay

Anthropologically speaking, since the dawn of human civilization, religion has been closely connected to the worldly domain of politics. Historically, the expansion of Islam from the Arabian Peninsula to North Africa, the Levant, Central Asia, the Caucasus, Persia, Southeast Asia, the Iberian Peninsula, and the Eastern periphery of Europe was a result of military conquest. Centuries later, Christianity played a crucial role in the global expansion of European empires. Tellingly, the English philosopher Thomas Hobbes once described the Vatican as the ghost of the defunct Roman Empire.

Nonetheless, after the Enlightenment, it was believed that the influence of religion would eventually vanish thanks to the continuous progress of reason and science. However, even though secularism has triumphed in much of the West, religion as an element that shapes collective identities, establishes social rules, and provides a sense of meaningfulness in an uncertain world is still a powerful political force elsewhere. As such, it can be pragmatically mobilized for the pursuit of power.

Specifically in the Muslim world, the disappointing political, military, and economic failure of Arab nationalism a secular ideology championed by the likes Gamal Abdel Nasser and the various branches of the Baath Party fueled the gradual rise of militant political Islamism. Another precedent that needs to be taken into account is the overthrowing of the Shah of Iran (a right-wing secular modernizer aligned with Western powers) as the result of the Islamic Revolution in 1979. Furthermore, in the particular case of Afghanistan, the CIA and local intelligence agencies like the Pakistani ISI clandestinely encouraged the struggle of the Mujahideen against the invading troops of the Soviet Union and the atheist local client regime backed by Moscow.

Likewise, the flames of militant Islamism have been fanned by major events like American military intervention, the deposal of secular governments in the Middle East, the intermittent conflict between Israel and the Palestinians, the so-called Arab spring, the birth of ISIS and the sectarian carnage unleashed by Sunni and Shiite forces in places like Syria, Iraq and Yemen. In addition, radical Islamism has played a major role in multiple Eurasian spots whose control has or is being contested, including Chechnya, Transcaucasia, the Balkans, Kashmir and Xinjiang. Likewise, Turkey has abandoned almost a century of secularism in order to openly embrace political Islamism both at home and abroad. Finally, deadly acts of jihadist terror have taken place in Europe and even in the American hemisphere.

This is the political zeitgeist in which the growing power of the Taliban must be understood. The Western campaign to hunt down Al-Qaeda was to a certain extent partially successful, but radical militant Islamism is very much alive and thriving. Moreover, the prestige that comes with the achievement of defeating two superpowers that wanted to impose secular regimes in Afghanistan in a couple of generations will likely enhance their strength and their reputation as holy warriors. The impressive victory of the Taliban will be seen as a source of inspiration for jihadists all over the world.

Therefore, their triumphal return is being monitored with concern and caution in Moscow, Beijing, Delhi and Teheran, all of which are troubled by the prospect of Sunni extremism. Needless to say, such a turn of events entails potentially problematic ramifications in a region in which turmoil and tension can rapidly spiral out of control and engulf those in close proximity. Hence, those great powers have a strong incentive to reach some sort of mutually acceptable accommodation with the Taliban. The last thing they want is to intervene in Afghanistan, but they have to make sure, through either carrots or sticks, that the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan does not become an exporter of jihadist geopolitical disruption.

Nevertheless, the political revival of religion goes well beyond the confines of the Muslim world. In fact, this lesson can be extrapolated further in order to examine relevant phenomena in non-Islamic societies in which religion is playing a prominent role in politics, foreign policy, and statecraft. In fact, this contemporary trend is reflected in the proliferation of religious Zionism (even though the movement was originally secular), the closeness between the ruling Siloviki clan and the Orthodox church in Russia, the influence of Catholicism in Poland, and the mass political mobilization of Evangelical Christians in places like Brazil and the United States.

Dreams of utopian nation-building can engender very real nightmares

Perhaps unsurprisingly, the early post-Cold War era was a period of intellectual triumphalism in the West. Back then, it was commonly believed that the global expansion of liberal democracy, free markets, human rights, and institutionalized co-operation was inevitable. In this regard, the quixotic neoconservative crusade launched by President George W. Bush was based on the premise paradoxically inspired by the Trotskyist concept of permanent revolution that Western models could be exported through hard power to places like the Greater Middle East. The radical transformation of societies was seen as desirable, but it could not happen without military might.

Afghanistan became the most notorious experiment undertaken to validate such ideas. Thus, once the Taliban was removed, an ambitious program of institutional reform was undertaken in order to remake Afghanistan. In other words, Washington was following the footsteps of the Soviet Union. In fact, both superpowers were guilty of hubris, in the sense that they were attempting to impose forms of government that had no roots whatsoever in the idiosyncratic national character and historical background of a country like Afghanistan, a place in which political dynamics are driven by collective tribal affiliations rather than by class struggle or individual self-interest. Thus, neoconservatism was mugged by reality in Afghanistan just like communism was in the late Cold War.

As the insightful Israeli political scientist Yoram Hazony observed, the use of military force or diplomatic pressure by a great power to rebuild a society in its own image and likeness is seldom met with welcoming enthusiasm and support. Instead, as history shows, the instrumental use of coercion in order to implement political reengineering usually elicits a strong nationalist backlash. After all, the collective struggle to determine a peoples own fate regardless of whether the decisions made as a result of that process please foreigners or not is a structural feature of an international system in which there is a plurality of heterogeneous polities. Thus, the idea of enforcing the universal homogeneity of political regimes is unnatural and out of touch with reality. In the case of Afghanistan, the Americans were seen by large segments of society as arrogant imperialist invaders, and their local allies were regarded as outright treacherous collaborators willing to sell out their country in exchange for personal benefit.

Furthermore, the artificial regime propped up by Washington can hardly be described as a textbook example of Jeffersonian democracy. It was an uneasy amalgam of sheer opportunism, professional careerism, rampant corruption, and misplaced optimism. Of course, realpolitik played a major role, since the US had little choice but to make deals with unsavory stakeholders such as local warlords, all sorts of outlaws, ambitious politicians with little genuine popular support, and Soviet-era strongmen. Likewise, occupation forces largely turned a blind eye to problematic phenomena like a skyrocketing cultivation of opium poppies. Unsurprisingly, such a political creation never reached the levels of legitimacy that could provide reasonable stability. Arguably, considering all of the above, it was simply a matter of time before the regime collapsed like a house of cards.

Concluding thoughts

Undeniably, the military, political and ideological triumph of the Taliban over the West in general and the U.S. in particular represents a tectonic shift in contemporary international relations. It can even be argued that, as the epilogue of the twenty years crisis that began with 9/11, it abruptly disproves the premature prophecies that were made in the early 90s about the imminence of the end of history. However, despite its ominous connotations, it can also teach sobering lessons that are valuable for strategic intelligence, foreign policy, and statecraft. The greatest tragedy in this case would be to disregard or, even worse, to stubbornly contradict those lessons. After all, wisdom in statesmanship calls for realism, a keen understanding of human nature, a thorough knowledge of impersonal forces, and an unshakable fixation on attainable concrete results rather than on zealotry over abstract principles. This is what the art of the possible is all about.

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of Geopoliticalmonitor.com

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What Afghanistan Teaches about the Art of the Possible - Geopoliticalmonitor.com

How Londons Social Entrepreneurs Are Leading The World, With Impact Tech And Innovative Purpose-Driven Companies (Part 2) – Forbes

Over the last five years, London has emerged as one of the worlds leading hubs for impact tech, and ... [+] VC investment into Londons purpose-driven companies has been growing rapidly.

Londons Social Entrepreneurs are blazing a path with innovative new impact tech. For Part One of this interview click here.

Another social entrepreneur, Alex Stephany from Beam agrees with the thesis of community self-empowerment. Beamis the world's first crowdfunding platform for homeless people a truly innovative solution.

I started Beam because I feltpowerless: how could I make areal difference to people affected by homelessness? With Beam, I and over ten thousand other peopleare able to virtually 'meet' people affected by homelessness on our websitebeam.organd can fund the specific financial barriers they face.We're trying to create an amazing donor experience interms of transparency and efficiency: you can see exactly where your donation goes via transparent budgets, share the journey of each person you support through email updates, and have the peace of mind thatevery single penny goes towards lifting someone out of homelessness for good.

Alex Stephany, Founder of Beam

Another terrific new technology platform that is helping Londoners feel safe and supported is Safe and the City, a personal safety navigation app.

Jillian Kowalchuk, the Founder shared more. Safe & the City is a free mobile application available in all UK cities and Berlin, Germany. The app looks and feels similar to other navigation apps, but there are a few distinct features. Straight away, youll see your position on the map, a red SOS button to reach Emergency services and a Report button. You can enter your destination and youll receive walking or public transit directions.

As you take the journey, Safe & the City scans millions of data sources to inform you on whether youre heading into a dangerous situation or a crime hotspot. We provide in-app notifications along your journey with safety tips to keep you aware and how to protect yourself. When you finish your journey, you can score it to help improve the safety of these spaces, such as street lighting. When you Reportan incident, like catcalling/commenting, it stays anonymous unless you choose to share it with friends. We keep the app free for people by working with organisations, such as the police, mobility operators, technology companies, local businesses and cities, to improve the safety of the people in their spaces.

Jillian Kowalchuk, the Founder of Safe & the City

Its a brilliant idea and one that should be available in all cities worldwide. I asked her about the response to the app so far. The response has been overwhelmingly positive. People generally are surprised an app like this hasnt existed until now, especially focusing on addressing normalized forms of abuse in public spaces, such as street harassment. Were constantly getting requests for our app to expand to more cities worldwide.

Safe & The City Map

Finally, I caught up with May Al Karooni, Founder and CEO of Globechain which is leading anew market in reuse for enterprises in retail, construction, and hospitality, to reduce global waste and generate social, economic and environmental data on the impact. She shared how her journey started.

I was working for an investment bank and we moved offices across the road. I found out we were disposing of perfectly usable furniture and office equipment, costing 50 000 per person for the move! I was shocked and began wondering why no one had digitised waste and connected enterprises to non profits and businesses to reuse and redistribute unneeded items measuring the ESG data impact. From there I set up Globechain with 800.

May Al Karooni, Founder and CEO of Globechain

Since then, the business has expanded at a staggering rate. Over the past six years, Globechain has grown a network of over 10 000 members, redistributed 472 000+ items and diverted more than 7 750 000 kgs of waste from landfills with savings of over 4.1m to non profits. We provide internal reuse and loaning globally, with our external reuse solution in the UK, New York and Spain.

She reflected on the journey, We have so many incredible success stories, from medical equipment being used in hospitals and emergency relief camps in Africa, to furniture and kitchen equipment helping local charities set up community cafes and food banks to mannequin parts used in art projects to bring awareness to social causes. I am always amazed at how quickly the items are requested on our site (average 20 minutes in the UK) and what they are used for. Globechain is now expanding internationally and is looking for purpose-driven partners to collaborate with.

Globechain is a data-centric reuse solution making waste a resource for everyone

For the final word, I turned back to Natalie Campbell from Belu. There are so many systems shifts going on that I believe we'll see even more purpose-driven businesses that look at growth with fresh eyes because we're all entering a world we've never lived in before. Businesses are also providing a moral compass, more so than any time I remember before, not just in what they say but what and how they sell. We'll be rethinking business solutions for many years to come, and the climate emergency and powering an equitable world will be at the forefront, I hope and believe.

See more here:

How Londons Social Entrepreneurs Are Leading The World, With Impact Tech And Innovative Purpose-Driven Companies (Part 2) - Forbes