Today’s Google Doodle Honors the Petri Dish

It is the 161th birthday of the German microbiologist Julius Richard Petri, whom we can thank for those low-tech but indispensable tools of the microbiology lab: the petri dish. Google honors Petris birthday today with their lovely Google Doodle riffing on his invaluable discovery.

The Google Doodle for May 31, 2013 in honor of Julius Richard Petri. Image: Google.

Petri created these nowubiquitousshallow containers while working as an assistant to Robert Koch, the man widely referred to as the father of microbiology. (Kochs postulates of germ theory detail the essential methodology needed to identify the causative agent of a disease.) Petris dishes would be supplied with the gelatinous agar that served as a culture medium providing anything from amino acids, salts, carbohydrates and blood to encourage bacterial growth. The lidded dishes created a contained environment, a miniature cordon sanitaire, in which to culture isolated bacteria and prevent contamination from airborne organisms and molds. His simple discovery paved the way for more sophisticated advancements and vital discoveries in microbiology.

In the Doodle, a gloved hand swabs each petri dish and slowly bacteria and molds materialize within. The growth in the six dishes just discernibly spells out G-O-O-G-L-E and rolling your mouse over each will identify the provenance of those captured organisms:

G is a fetid sock. O, a doorknob followed by a computer keyboard swab as the second O. G is a swab from a dog (but which part?). L, a flower. And E, the grossest of them all, is a kitchen sponge.

Google Doodles are the search engines online tip of the hat to the world outside our computer,acknowledgingholidays and important anniversaries as well as pioneering scientists, artists and innovators in variousdisciplines.My favorites include the gorgeous animated tribute to the dancer Martha Graham, and the doodles for the mathematicianAda Lovelaceand the naturalistMinakata Kumagusuwho studied fungi and slime molds. To see all of the Google Doodles designed in the past 15 years, now clocking in at more than 1000, check out their page here.

Resources

Care to know more about laboratorytechniquesof old? Check out my article on a rather ignominiouspiece of science history, Suck It: The Ins and Outs of Mouth Pipetting.

I wrote about Nobel prizesawardedto great discoveries in microbiology in my post Nobel Prizes, Tropical Medicine & One Nazi Sympathizer. Robert Koch is included in thisillustrious list for his work in identifying the bacterial organismresponsiblefor tuberculosis, once thought to be an inheritable disease.

Alexander Flemings fluke discovery ofpenicillinrelied on using petri dishes.

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Today's Google Doodle Honors the Petri Dish

Microbial changes regulate function of entire ecosystems

Public release date: 31-May-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jim Sliwa jsliwa@asmusa.org 202-942-9297 American Society for Microbiology

A major question in ecology has centered on the role of microbes in regulating ecosystem function. Now, in research published ahead of print in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Brajesh Singh of the University of Western Sydney, Australia, and collaborators show how changes in the populations of methanotrophic bacteria can have consequences for methane mitigation at ecosystem levels.

"Ecological theories developed for macro-ecology can explain the microbial regulation of the methane cycle," says Singh.

In the study, as grasslands, bogs, and moors became forested, a group of type II methanotrophic bacterium, known as USC alpha, became dominant on all three land use types, replacing other methanotrophic microbes, and oxidizing, thus mitigating methane, a powerful greenhouse gas, explains Singh. "The change happened because we changed the niches of the microbial community."

The pre-eminence of USC alpha bacteria in this process demonstrates that the so-called "selection hypothesis" from macro-ecology "explains the changes the investigators saw in the soil functions of their land-use types," says Singh. The selection hypothesis states that a small number of key species, rather than all species present determine key functions in ecosystems. "This knowledge could provide the basis for incorporation of microbial data into predictive models, as has been done for plant communities," he says.

"Evidence of microbial regulation of the biogeochemical cycle provides the basis for including microbial data in predictive models studying the effects of global changes," says Singh.

Singh warns that one should not take the results to mean that biodiversity is not important. Without microbial biodiversity, the raw materialsdifferent microbial species with different capabilitiesfor adapting to changes in the environment would be unavailable, he says.

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A copy of the manuscript can be found online at http://bit.ly/asmtip0513d. Formal publication is scheduled for the June 2013 issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

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Investigators link poultry contamination on farm and at processing plant

Public release date: 31-May-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jim Sliwa jsliwa@asmusa.org 202-942-9297 American Society for Microbiology

Researchers at the University of Georgia, Athens, have identified a strong link between the prevalence and load of certain food-borne pathogens on poultry farms, and later downstream at the processing plant. They report their findings in a manuscript published ahead of print in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

"This study suggests that reducing foodborne pathogen loads on broiler chicken farms would help to reduce pathogen loads at processing, and may ultimately help to reduce the risk of foodborne illness," says Roy Berghaus, an author on the study. "This is important because most of our efforts towards reducing foodborne pathogens are currently focused on what happens during processing. Processing interventions are effective but they can only do so much."

Salmonella and Campylobacter bacteria cause an estimated 1.9 million food-borne illnesses in the US annually, and poultry is a major source of both. Earlier studies have linked pathogen prevalence on the farm and at processing, but none has measured the strength of the associations between pathogen loads, according to the report. In the current study, Salmonella and Campylobacter detected at the processing plant were found in farm samples 96 and 71 percent of the time, respectively.

The prevalence of both pathogens dropped during processing, Salmonella from 45.9 percent to 2.4 percent, and Campylobacter from 68.7 to 43.6 percent, according to the report.

The two pathogens are major contributors to human misery in the US. Among 104 different pathogen-food combinations, Campylobacter and Salmonella infections from poultry were recently ranked first and fourth, respectively in terms of "combined impact on the total cost of illness and loss of quality-adjusted life years," according to the report.

The team suggests that fewer pathogens on the farm would reduce contamination levels at the processing plant, and notes that "vaccination of breeder hens, competitive exclusion products and the use of acidified water during feed withdrawal" have all reduced Salmonella in commercial broiler flocks. However "reliable approaches to reduce Campylobacter colonization are currently unavailable," although post-processing freezing has reduced Campylobacter loads on carcasses.

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A copy of the manuscript can be found online at http://bit.ly/asmtip0513a. The paper is scheduled to be formally published in the June 2013 issue of Applied and Environmental Microbiology.

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Investigators link poultry contamination on farm and at processing plant

BaMa — Road to Longevity 5 巴马长寿之旅 5 – Video


BaMa -- Road to Longevity 5 #24052; #39532; #38271; #23551; #20043; #26053; 5
Organizer: Zhong Hua ZhiNeng Science Research Center #20013; #21326; #26234; #33021; Contact Number : 0111-0555-299 / 0111-0555-399.

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BaMa — Road to Longevity 4 巴马长寿之旅 4 – Video


BaMa -- Road to Longevity 4 #24052; #39532; #38271; #23551; #20043; #26053; 4
Organizer: Zhong Hua ZhiNeng Science Research Center #20013; #21326; #26234; #33021; Contact Number : 0111-0555-299 / 0111-0555-399.

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BaMa — Road to Longevity 6 巴马长寿之旅 6 – Video


BaMa -- Road to Longevity 6 #24052; #39532; #38271; #23551; #20043; #26053; 6
Organizer: Zhong Hua ZhiNeng Science Research Center #20013; #21326; #26234; #33021; Contact Number : 0111-0555-299 / 0111-0555-399.

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Studies link fatigue and sleep to MLB performance and career longevity

Public release date: 30-May-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Lynn Celmer lcelmer@aasmnet.org American Academy of Sleep Medicine

DARIEN, IL Two new studies show that fatigue may impair strike-zone judgment during the 162 game Major League Baseball season, and a MLB player's sleepiness can predict his longevity in the league.

One study found that MLB players' strike-zone judgment was worse in September than in April in 24 of 30 teams. When averaged across all teams, strike-zone judgment was significantly worse in September compared with April. The statistical model demonstrated strong predictive value through the season.

"Plate discipline - as measured by a hitter's tendency to swing at pitches outside of the strike zone - got progressively worse over the course of a Major League Baseball season, and this decline followed a linear pattern that could be predicted by data from the six previous seasons," said principal investigator Scott Kutscher, MD, assistant professor of sleep and neurology at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tenn. "We theorize that this decline is tied to fatigue that develops over the course of the season due to a combination of frequency of travel and paucity of days off."

Data analysis tracked the frequency with which MLB batters swung at pitches outside of the strike zone during the 2012 season. Data were sorted by month for all 30 teams and compared between the first and last month of the season. Data for each team also were compared to a statistical model, based on data from the 2006 to 2011 seasons, which predicts a linear decline in strike-zone judgment per month.

Kutscher noted that the results are strikingly consistent and seem to contradict the conventional wisdom that plate discipline should improve during the season through frequent practice and repetition.

"Teams on the East or West Coast, with good or bad records, they all follow the same pattern of worsening plate discipline," he said. "This study suggests hitters always demonstrate the best judgment when at bat in the first month of the season."

He added that teams may be able to gain a competitive edge by focusing on fatigue management.

"A team that recognizes this trend and takes steps to slow or reverse it - by enacting fatigue-mitigating strategies, especially in the middle and late season, for example - can gain a large competitive advantage over their opponent," he said. "This may have already occurred, as the San Francisco Giants - an outlier in the study in that their plate discipline improved during the 2012 season - went on to win the World Series."

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Jermain Defoe inspired by Ryan Giggs' longevity

Jermain Defoe believes Ryan Giggs' longevity has broken all the stereotypes for how long a top-flight career can last.

At 30, Defoe is nine years younger than Giggs, who has just signed a new contract at Manchester United that will take him beyond his 40th birthday.

Although Kevin Phillips will be even older than the Welshman should he remain on Crystal Palace's ride into the Premier League, it is Giggs, with his 13 league titles, who remains the example for others to follow.

Speaking on behalf of England Official Supporter and sponsor William Hill, Defoe said: "It has changed.

"Years ago people used to say 'when you get to 30 you only have a couple more years'. But with all the sports science and the recovery work you can play for a lot longer.

"Look at Ryan Giggs. It is unbelievable how he is still playing well at the top level. If you look after yourself it is not a problem."

Like Giggs, Defoe has taken a personal approach to his fitness.

For the United man, yoga was the key to maintaining the suppleness he needed to be effective.

As a striker, Defoe has different needs.

He has addressed them through regular close-season visits to veteran French fitness expert Tiberius Darau, who pushed the forward to a level he thought was impossible.

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NAMASTE SUCKERS Urban Spirituality: Keepin’ It Real Lesson 1 ‘About The Ego


NAMASTE SUCKERS Urban Spirituality: Keepin #39; It Real Lesson 1 #39;About The Ego Impermanence #39;
This first video is an introduction to my new video blog series entitled, #39;Spiritual Gag: Keepin #39; It Real. #39; I have to admit, though my Ego does not like the ...

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NAMASTE SUCKERS Urban Spirituality: Keepin' It Real Lesson 1 'About The Ego

NAMASTE SUCKERS: Urban Spirituality Keepin’ It Real – Lesson 2: ‘Slow Motion, Time Warps’ – Video


NAMASTE SUCKERS: Urban Spirituality Keepin #39; It Real - Lesson 2: #39;Slow Motion, Time Warps #39;
Spiritual Gag: Keepin #39; It Real - Lesson 2: Don #39;t Let Time Pass You By - #39;Slow Motion, Time Warps and How To Stretch Time #39; This second video is not what I had...

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Religion Calendar: Finding faith and spirituality in the San Fernando Valley and beyond

Transform Your Life series - Compassion Heals: Two guided Buddhist meditations and talk, noon-1 p.m. today. Fee $5. Crescenta-Canada YMCA, 1930 Foothill Blvd., La Caada Flintridge. meditateinla.org

Celebration Shabbat at Congregation Or Ami: Rabbi Julia Weisz leads the service, 7:30 tonight. 26115 Mureau Road, Calabasas. 818-880-4880. orami.org

Shabbat Live at Temple Aliyah: 8:15 tonight. 6025 Valley Circle Blvd., Woodland Hills. 818-346-3545.

Vegan Spirituality Retreat - Exploring Veganism as a Spiritual Practice: 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Saturday. Admission $75 (cash or check only); check website for senior and children's admission. Wright Ranch, 24680 Piuma Road, Malibu. 215-620-2130. veganspirituality.com

Basic Buddhism: A half-day course on beliefs and meditation, 10 a.m.-1 p.m. Saturday. Cost $25. Register online. Kadampa Meditation Center, 1492 Blake Ave., Los Angeles. 323-223-0610. meditateinla.org

Be Still and Know the Lord: The Rev. Gordon Marchant discusses the topic based on Psalms 46:8-10, 10:15 a.m. Sunday. First United Methodist Church of Reseda, 18120 Saticoy St. 818-344-7135. resedachurch.org

Song of Life: The Rev. Tera Little discusses the meaning, impact and uses of prayer, 10:30 a.m. Sunday. Sepulveda Unitarian Universalist Society, 9550 Haskell Ave., North Hills. 818-894-9251. sepulvedauu.org

Feeding the Wolf: The Rev. Anne Felton Hines discusses spiritual ways to reconcile the feelings of forgiveness and anger, 10:30 a.m. Sunday. Emerson Unitarian Universalist Church, 7304 Jordan Ave., Canoga Park. 818-887-6101. emersonuuc.org

Buddhist Meditation - Relaxation, Kindness, Clarity series: Two guided meditations and talk on "Mindfullness Meditation, Breathe and Relax," 10:30-11:30 a.m. Sunday. Shoseian Whispering Pine Teahouse in Brand Park, 1601 W. Mountain St., Glendale. meditateinla.org

Musical Spa for the Soul: The Thousand Oaks Jewish Women's Circle and Heritage Home Conservatory present an event for women only with gift boutique, 1 p.m.; concert, 2:30 p.m.; tea, 4 p.m. Sunday. Tickets $25. Thousand Oaks Philharmonic Recital Hall, 3753 Thousand Oaks Blvd., Westlake Village. 805-493-7776. jewishto.org

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Religion Calendar: Finding faith and spirituality in the San Fernando Valley and beyond

[ISS] Launch of Manned Soyuz TMA-09M Heading to International Space Station (HD) – Video


[ISS] Launch of Manned Soyuz TMA-09M Heading to International Space Station (HD)
A manned Soyuz TMA-09M Spacecraft successfully reached orbit today after launching on a Soyuz-FG rocket from Baikonur at 20:31 UTC on May 28th 2013. The Soyu...

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[ISS] Launch of Manned Soyuz TMA-09M Heading to International Space Station (HD) - Video

New Crew Launches to the Space Station | Expedition 36 | NASA ISS Science Video – Video


New Crew Launches to the Space Station | Expedition 36 | NASA ISS Science Video
Visit my website at http://www.junglejoel.com - Commander Fyodor Yurchikhin and Flight Engineers Karen Nyberg and Luca Parmitano launched from the Baikonur C...

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New Crew Launches to the Space Station | Expedition 36 | NASA ISS Science Video - Video