Wernher von Braun presents: Apollo / Saturn 5 rocket " Now in development " (1963) – Video


Wernher von Braun presents: Apollo / Saturn 5 rocket " Now in development " (1963)
Impressive view of the Apollo program in 1963. This is a fascinating journey through time. This NASA movie "Moon Mission"(16mm), from George Marchall Space Flight Center (NASA) and San Diego...

By: MrDanBeaumont

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Wernher von Braun presents: Apollo / Saturn 5 rocket " Now in development " (1963) - Video

Oleg Ivanovsky, Soviet engineer who was a key designer of early spacecraft, dies at 92

By Matt Schudel September 24 at 8:49 AM

Oleg Ivanovsky, a Soviet rocket scientist who played a central role in developing satellites at the dawn of the space age, including the first vehicle to carry a human being in orbit around the Earth, died Sept. 18. He was 92.

His death was announced by Roscosmos, the Russian space agency. The cause and location were not reported.

Mr. Ivanovsky worked for many years as a top engineer at the secret Soviet space facility known as Star City, where he helped design Sputnik, which was launched on Oct. 4, 1957. The unmanned satellite, just 23inches in diameter, circled the globe for three months and prompted alarm in the United States that the Soviets had taken the lead in engineering, rocketry and the Cold War in general.

A month after the first Sputnik launch, the Soviets sent Sputnik 2 into space, this time with a dog on board. The dog, named Laika, died after a few hours in orbit, apparently from heat exhaustion, but she gave much to biology, Mr. Ivanovsky said later.

We didnt know if an animal could survive for longer than a few minutes in weightlessness, he said. But from the data from Sputnik 2, we could see that she moved, and even ate, after the launch.

Encouraged that a mammal could survive in space, at least for a short time, Mr. Ivanovsky took a leading role in building a capsule that could carry a Soviet cosmonaut into orbit. A 27-year-old pilot, Yuri Gagarin, was chosen to fly the spacecraft, called Vostok 1.

In 1960, an explosion at the Soviet launch pad in Kazakhstan killed 126 people, and there were other technical setbacks along the way. Mr. Ivanovsky and other engineers estimated the chances of a successful manned flight at no more than 50-50.

Gagarin wrote a farewell letter to his wife in case he would not return from his mission, but he blithely sang a folk song as he climbed into the cockpit on April 12, 1961. His heart rate stayed at a steady 64 beats per minute while he awaited liftoff.

Mr. Ivanovsky accompanied Gagarin to the cockpit.

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Oleg Ivanovsky, Soviet engineer who was a key designer of early spacecraft, dies at 92

Soviet-era Cosmonaut Anatoly Berezovoy, Salyut Space Station Commander, Dies at 72

Soviet-era cosmonaut Anatoly Berezovoy, who led the first expedition on board Russia's final Salyut space station, died Saturday (Sept. 20). He was 72.

"[Anatoly Berezovoy] was a member of a legendary generation of cosmonauts, a man of great will and courage, [and] a top-class professional who did so much for the development of cosmonautics and major research projects," said Oleg Ostapenko, the chief of the Russian federal space agency Roscosmos. "His memory will live on forever in the hearts of those who knew and loved [him]."

Chosen to be a cosmonaut in April 1970, Berezovoy made his first and only spaceflight 12 years later as commander of the Soyuz T-5 mission to the Salyut 7 space station. Launched on May 13, 1982, Berezovoy and flight engineer Valentin Lebedev spent a then-record 211 days aboard the orbiting outpost, which was the last of its type before the launch of the Mir space station in 1986.

During his expedition, which was flown under the call sign "Elbrus," Berezovoy and Lebedev operated cameras and a telescope, materials processing furnace, and plant growth chamber. The two crewmates also deployed a small radio communications satellite, which the Soviet Union claimed as the world's first satellite to be deployed from a manned spacecraft (NASA's space shuttle Columbia would launch with two communication satellites on the STS-5 missionlater that same year).

Berezovoy and Lebedev also made a two-hour, 33-minute spacewalk on July 30, 1982, to retrieve material exposure samples and replace equipment.

The two cosmonauts were visited by four robotic resupply ships and two crews. Among Berezovoy's and Lebedev's temporary crew members were the first French citizen to fly in space, Jean-Loup Chrtien, and the second woman in space, Soviet cosmonaut Svetlana Savitskaya, as well as Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Alexander Ivanchenkov, Leonid Popov and Alexander Serebrov.

Berezovoy and Lebedev returned to Earth from the Salyut 7 space station on Dec. 10, 1972 on board the Soyuz T-7 spacecraft. Touching down in heavy snow and on uneven land, which caused their capsule to roll down a slope, the two cosmonauts already weak from being in space for so long spent the night with recovery personnel, waiting for a helicopter to come the next day.

In total, Berezovoy logged 211 days, 9 hours, 4 minutes in space.

Although he served as a back-up commander for several other Soyuz flights, Berezovoy did not fly again. He retired from the cosmonaut corps in October 1992 after suffering injuries in an armed robbery.

Anatoly Nikolayevich Berezovoy was born April 11, 1942, to a Ukrainian family in the Russian village of Enem. He attended the A.F. Masnikovin military flying school, where he graduated in 1965.

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Soviet-era Cosmonaut Anatoly Berezovoy, Salyut Space Station Commander, Dies at 72

Red Ed outstripping Joe with a 10-year vision

But now Red Ed has gone one better and declared that if the electorate voted him in, we would be endorsing a two-term 10-year vision: "Britain 2025".

One inconvenient coincidence for Ed was that the first part of his speech was interrupted by broadcasters covering the verdict in the trial of DJ DLT and the final part was edged out by Barack Obama on the Isil threat. Hey-ho.

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After last year's barnstormer on the popular energy freeze, the Labour leader was always going to find it hard to top a speech that a year ago dominated the entire three-party conference season. Ed began slowly and quietly.

Moving from the monstrous extremists of Isil, through the Scottish referendum campaign -when he at last thanked Gordon Brown - to saving public services, it was all predictable stuff.

Platitudes flew; from praising our brilliant armed forces to breaking with the past and creating a different ethic for the 21st century. People's eyes began to close and heads to drop. But then, thankfully, the Labour chief moved out of first gear as, through anecdotes about ordinary folk from Josephine and Elizabeth to Gareth and Colin he alighted on old faithful: the NHS.

Declaring Labour's deep love for the NHS, cheers rang out as Red Ed said the party in government would repeal the Tory law on health care and set out an integrated health and social care plan for the 21st century.

The cheers continued when he spoke about stinging the rich through a mansion tax and the tobacco giants with a windfall tax to plug the funding gap. This was red meat Labour and conference loved it.

The chief comrade was now moving through the gears as he touched on the solidarity of the Union of four nations, declaring: "We are not just better together, we're greater together."

Ed then metaphorically poked Dave in the eye by saying that the PM's emphasis on English votes for English laws, EVEL for short, showed how the Tory leader was more concerned about political divisions than bringing the country together.

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Red Ed outstripping Joe with a 10-year vision

U S Cargo Ship Arrives and Grapples at the International Space Station – Video


U S Cargo Ship Arrives and Grapples at the International Space Station
An unmanned U.S. resupply ship arrived at the International Space Station Sept. 23, two days after its launch from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, carrying more than 5000 pounds of supplies...

By: NASA

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U S Cargo Ship Arrives and Grapples at the International Space Station - Video

Comet Siding Spring : NASA’s Maven Satellite enters Mars Orbit in time for the Comet (Sept 23, 2014) – Video


Comet Siding Spring : NASA #39;s Maven Satellite enters Mars Orbit in time for the Comet (Sept 23, 2014)
SOURCE: http://www.foxnews.com News Articles: MAVEN spacecraft will get rare comet closeup in first weeks at Mars http://www.bizjournals.com/denver/blog/boosters_bits/2014/09/comet-sidingspr...

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Comet Siding Spring : NASA's Maven Satellite enters Mars Orbit in time for the Comet (Sept 23, 2014) - Video

NASA Langley Crashes Helicopter to Test Safety Improvements

NASA researchers will drop a 45-foot-long helicopter fuselage from a height of about 30 feet for the second time in a year all in the name of safety.News media representatives are invited to observe the drop test, scheduled for Oct. 1 at 1:30 p.m. EDT (weather permitting) at NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Va. U.S. media members must email Kathy Barnstorff at kathy.barnstorff@nasa.gov or call 757-864-9886 for credentials no later than noon and be at the NASA Langley front gate by 1 p.m. that day. Researchers will be available for interviews after the test.NASA is collaborating with the U.S. Navy, U.S. Army, Federal Aviation Administration, the German Aerospace Center (DLR), and the Australian Cooperative Research Center for Advanced Composite Structures on the Transport Rotorcraft Airframe Crash Test Bed full-scale crash test at Langley's Landing and Impact Research Facility."The big difference in this year's experiment is that we are testing three energy absorbing composite subfloor concepts that should help some of the dummy occupants sustain fewer injuries than they did in the first test last August," said lead test engineer Martin Annett. "We have also made other improvements based on things we learned."The team has instrumented a former Marine helicopter airframe with crash test dummies, cameras and accelerometers. Almost 40 cameras inside and outside the helicopter will record how 13 data-recording crash test dummies and two manikins react before, during and after impact. Some of those cameras will be trained on the side of the helicopter where technicians have painted black polka dots over a white background -- a photographic technique called full field photogrammetry. "High-speed cameras filming at 500 images per second track each dot, so after the drop we can plot and see exactly how the fuselage buckled, bent, cracked or collapsed under crash loads," said test engineer Justin Littell.During the test, onboard computers will record more than 350 channels of data as the helicopter is swung by cables, like a pendulum, into a bed of soil. Just before impact, pyrotechnic devices release the suspension cables from the helicopter to allow free flight. The helicopter will hit the ground at about 30 miles an hour. The impact condition represents a severe but survivable condition under both civilian and military requirements."The crash won't look all that visually exciting," said Annett. "Unlike in the movies there's no huge fireball or spectacular special effects, but the occupants certainly get a jolt. According to the data some of the dummies would have sustained serious if not fatal injuries in last year's crash test."Both tests are part of the Rotary Wing Project in the Fundamental Aeronautics Program of NASA's Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate. "We are looking for ways to make helicopters safer," said Rotary Wing Project Manager Susan Gorton. "The ultimate goal of NASA rotary wing research is to help make helicopters and other vertical take off and landing vehicles more serviceable -- able to carry more passengers and cargo -- quicker, quieter, safer and greener. Improved designs might allow helicopters to be used more extensively in the airspace system."For this test NASA supplied six crash test dummies, built two composite subfloor concepts and installed four emergency locator transmitters that researchers are evaluating. The Navy provided the CH-46 Sea Knight helicopter fuselage, seats, crash test dummies and other experiments. The US Army Aeromedical Research Lab (USAARL) contributed a litter experiment and the Army CH-47 program office (PEO CARGO) provided a crash resistant troop seat. The Federal Aviation Administration provided a side-facing specialized crash test dummy and part of the data acquisition system. Cobham Mission Systems also contributed an active restraint system for the cockpit. The German Aerospace Research Center (DLR) and the Australian Cooperative Research Center for Advanced Composite Structures supplied a third composite subfloor technology. Other industry participants have also contributed experiments.NASA will use the results of both tests in efforts to improve rotorcraft performance and efficiency, in part by assessing the reliability of lightweight composite materials. Researchers also want to increase industry knowledge and create more complete computer models that can be used to design safer helicopters.For more information about NASA Langley, go to:http://www.nasa.gov/langley

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NASA Langley Crashes Helicopter to Test Safety Improvements

College to assist NASA in commercialization of technologies

HAMPTON, Va., Sept. 24 (UPI) -- Possible commercialization of technologies developed by NASA is to be studied by NASA Langley Research Center and the College of William and Mary.

"This is the first time that NASA Langley has partnered with a college or university to do this type of study," said Kathy Dezern, the Office of Innovation lead for the NASA Langley Office of Strategic Analysis, Communications, & Business Development. "We're looking forward to the assessments from the William & Mary students that will further NASA's technology developments, commercialization opportunities and future partnerships."

The studies will be conducted by the college's Raymond A. Mason School of Business and the Alan B. Miller Entrepreneurship Center.

NASA said its agreement with the college is for the identification of technologies available for licensing to determine which ones have the most promising commercial or partnership potential. That identification process is to be completed by the end of this month.

"This partnership with NASA will allow our students to participate in a real world, 'hands on' practical business experience," said Richard Ash, William & Mary Banks Professor of Private Equity and Entrepreneurship.

"Enhancing the educational process in this way will provide our Mason School of Business students with an expanded opportunity to advance their interest in further studies in science, technology and commercialization. At the same time, the students will gain valuable experience that will serve to sharpen their team and leadership abilities -- all skills which will be useful in their future careers."

U.S. government agencies are required by law to have a technology transfer program to promote commercial exploitation of new technologies.

2014 United Press International, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Any reproduction, republication, redistribution and/or modification of any UPI content is expressly prohibited without UPI's prior written consent.

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College to assist NASA in commercialization of technologies

NASA, partners target megacities carbon emissions

Driving down busy Interstate 5 in Los Angeles in a nondescript blue Toyota Prius, Riley Duren of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California, is a man on a mission as he surveys the vast urban jungle sprawled around him.

In his trunk, a luggage-sized air-sampling instrument sniffs the outside air through a small tube to measure the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane. While not a very efficient way to study urban emissions, the ground data being collected are helping Duren and his team build confidence in greenhouse gas measurements taken from aircraft and satellites, which can cover large areas more effectively.

At the next exit, Duren pulls over to admire a scene most Angelenos would try to ignore: a large landfill stretched alongside the freeway. The instrument in the trunk quickly detects a large plume of methane emanating from the landfill. A NASA aircraft soon appears overhead, carrying a prototype satellite instrument that records high-resolution images of methane that scientists can use to identify gas plumes. The pilot buzzes the landfill several times to capture images of the invisible gas, then the plane departs and Duren heads off to his next study area.

The instruments in the Prius and airplane are just two of many elements of the Megacities Carbon Project, an international, multi-agency pilot initiative to develop and test ways to monitor greenhouse gas emissions in megacities: metropolitan areas of at least 10 million people. Cities and their power plants are the largest sources of human-produced greenhouse gas emissions and are the largest human contributors to climate change.

Duren is principal investigator for the LA component of the Megacities Carbon Project. He hopes to work with international partners to deploy a global urban carbon monitoring system that will eventually allow local policymakers to fully account for the many sources and sinks, or storage sites, of carbon and how they change over time. Los Angeles and Paris are pilot cities in the initiative. Efforts are underway to add other cities around the world.

When fully established in late 2014, the LA network will consist of 15 monitoring stations around the LA basin. Most will use commercially available high-precision greenhouse gas analyzers to continuously sample local air. The LA network encompasses the portions of the South Coast Air Basin that produce the most intense greenhouse gas emissions in California. Megacities scientists will also periodically take to the road and to the skies to collect mobile measurements of the local atmosphere to better define individual emissions sources and environmental conditions.

"LA is a giant laboratory for climate studies and measurement tests," said Duren. "The LA megacity sprawls across five counties, 150 municipalities, many freeways, landfills, oil wells, gas pipelines, America's largest seaport, mountains, and even dairies, all within an area measuring about 80 miles [130 kilometers] on a side. In theory, you could drive across the whole thing in an hour and a half, or three if it's rush hour."

Urbanization has concentrated more than half of Earth's population, at least 70 percent of fossil fuel carbon dioxide emissions and a significant amount of methane emissions into a tiny fraction of Earth's land surface. The world's 40 largest cities combined rank as the world's third largest emitter of fossil-fuel carbon dioxide -- larger than the total emissions of Japan. That trend is expected to grow.

There's an urgent need to get a handle on explosive growth in carbon emissions from fossil-fuel use by cities and to establish baseline measurements that currently don't exist. The lack of measurements makes it hard to assess emission trends.

Most countries and some states produce annual inventories of their greenhouse gas emissions based on energy statistics and other data, but the same information is typically not available for individual cities.

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NASA, partners target megacities carbon emissions

Nanotechnology leads to better, cheaper LEDs for phones and lighting

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

24-Sep-2014

Contact: John Sullivan js29@princeton.edu 609-258-4597 Princeton University, Engineering School

Princeton University researchers have developed a new method to increase the brightness, efficiency and clarity of LEDs, which are widely used on smartphones and portable electronics as well as becoming increasingly common in lighting.

Using a new nanoscale structure, the researchers, led by electrical engineering professor Stephen Chou, increased the brightness and efficiency of LEDs made of organic materials (flexible carbon-based sheets) by 58 percent. The researchers also report their method should yield similar improvements in LEDs made in inorganic (silicon-based) materials used most commonly today.

The method also improves the picture clarity of LED displays by 400 percent, compared with conventional approaches. In an article published online August 19 in the journal Advanced Functional Materials, the researchers describe how they accomplished this by inventing a technique that manipulates light on a scale smaller than a single wavelength.

"New nanotechnology can change the rules of the ways we manipulate light," said Chou, who has been working in the field for 30 years. "We can use this to make devices with unprecedented performance."

A LED, or light emitting diode, is an electronic device that emits light when electrical current moves through two terminals. LEDs offer several advantages over incandescent or fluorescent lights: they are far more efficient, compact and have a longer lifetime, all of which are important in portable displays.

Current LEDs have design challenges; foremost among them is to reduce the amount of light that gets trapped inside the LED's structure. Although they are known for their efficiency, only a very small amount of light generated inside an LED actually escapes.

"It is exactly the same reason that lighting installed inside a swimming pool seems dim from outside because the water traps the light," said Chou, the Joseph C. Elgin Professor of Engineering. "The solid structure of a LED traps far more light than the pool's water."

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Nanotechnology leads to better, cheaper LEDs for phones and lighting