NASAs Curiosity Mars rover got a bit of help from the European    Space Agency (ESA) in October. Beaming data back to Earth from    the surface of the Red Planet is often tricky, and Curiosity    regularly uses satellites to act as relays when a proper line    of sight isn't available. On October 6, the ESA probe Mars Express took up the slack by relaying data    and images for the rover as part of an ESA-NASA support    agreement.  
    Mars Express received 15 minutes worth of scientific data from    Curiosity and then beamed it to ESAs 35-meter antenna in New    Norcia, Australia, which relayed it to the the European Space    Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. From there it was made    immediately available to NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)    in Pasadena, California. The data included a pair of images of    the rock designated Rocknest 3. These were before and after    images of the rock specimen being hit by Curiositys laser.  
      Image relayed by Mars Express of Rocknest 3 before being      struck by ChemCams laser (Image:      NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/IRAP)    
    The quality of these images from ChemCam is outstanding, and    the mosaic image of the spectrometer analyses has been    essential for scientific interpretation of the data, said    Sylvestre Maurice, Deputy Principal Investigator for ChemCam at    Frances Research Institute in Astrophysics and Planetology.    This combination of imaging and analysis has demonstrated its    potential for future missions.  
    Most of Curiositys data is relayed by NASA's own satellites    around Mars, but Mars Express acts as a backup relay in the    event that the others arent available, as when it monitored    Curiositys landing on August 6. It also acts as a relay for    NASAs Opportunity rover.  
      Rocknest 3 indicating five spots where it was hit with the      laser (Image: NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/IRAP)    
    Another area where NASAs Mars rovers gets a bit of orbital    help is where the weather is concerned. On November 10, Bruce    Cantor of Malin Space Systems was using the Mars Reconnaissance    Orbiters Mars Color Imager, when he noticed a large dust storm    developing in Mars southern hemisphere. By November 16,    Orbiter was detecting a rise in temperature in the area of 45F    (25C), which was a sign that dust was rising in the    atmosphere.  
    However, this was more than just an interesting bit of    meteorology. Martian dust storms are the largest in the Solar    System, and under the right conditions can grow into global    super storms engulfing the entire planet in dust. If that had    happened, the nuclear-powered Curiosity wouldn't have suffered    worse than having to close the dust covers over its lenses     however, Opportunity (which is solar powered) ran the risk of    having its panels covered in dust, which might result in it    being unable to charge its batteries.  
      Image relayed by Mars Express of Rocknest 3 after being      struck by ChemCams laser (Image:      NASA/JPL-Caltech/LANL/CNES/IRAP)    
    Fortunately, the storm didn't develop beyond a regional area    and never came closer to Opportunity than about 837 miles    (1,347 km). The rover detected a slight drop in clarity, but    that was all. Meanwhile, Curiosity, which has a Spanish-built weather station aboard, detected a    slight drop in pressure and overnight temperatures due to the    storm. This data provided a valuable comparison to Orbiter's    observations.  
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ESA's Mars Express relays Curiosity data