Secretary Michael R. Pompeo Before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on the Fiscal Year 2021 State Department Budget Request – US Embassy in…

MICHAEL R. POMPEO, SECRETARY OF STATEDIRKSEN SENATE OFFICE BUILDINGWASHINGTON, DC

SECRETARY POMPEO:Thank you very much. Today Im here to present the and testify about the Presidents 2021 Budget. It requests nearly $41 billion for the State Department and USAID, enabling both agencies to protect U.S. citizens, increase American prosperity, and advance the development of democratic societies. And critically, it reflects a commitment to the strategic, efficient use of resources to provide better results for the American people.

Thats the topline analysis. But I want to make a broader point that our diplomatic expenditures reflect Americas values:

Two weeks ago in Philadelphia I unveiled the report of the State Departments Commission on Unalienable Rights.

My message that day was simple: The Trump administration places our founding principles at the very core of American diplomacy.

Im going to talk about how weve done it in three areas:

First, securing the American peoples freedoms against authoritarian threats; securing American lives during the pandemic; and helping friends across the world secure those very unalienable rights.

On authoritarian threats, we have evaluated the world with the same realism that the American founders did.

We see the Islamic Republic of Iran for what it is: an aggressor, not a victim.

Weve gone full bore on our maximum pressure campaign.

Since May of 2018, weve slashed the vital oil revenues the regime uses for terrorism and illegal nuclear activities by 90 percent.

Weve rallied nations to our side through diplomacy witness the designations of Hizballah from European and South American countries.

And weve bolstered our military readiness vis-a-vis Tehran.

Theres more work to do. The Security Council must renew the UN arms embargo against Iran before it expires on October 18th.

Iran already mines ships in the Strait of Hormuz, launches missiles at Saudi oil facilities, and ships arms to the Houthis.

Should the Security Council fail to act, Iran will have a freer hand to sow destruction across the Middle East, and indeed the world.

Russia, too, is a destabilizing authoritarian force in Ukraine, in Libya, in Syria, and inside of Western democracies.

This administration has acted to protect our interests and our friends:

Weve issued the Crimea Declaration.

Weve supplied Ukraine with lethal military hardware.

Weve sanctioned more than 360 Russian targets for everything from human rights abuses, to supporting the murderous Assad regime, to operating mercenaries and proxy forces around the world.

And the State Departments FY 2021 request for the Global Engagement Center is $138 million more than double its current level. We wont tolerate disinformation and other propaganda directed by the Kremlin or any of our other adversaries.

Further on Russia: Two weeks ago, the State Department removed Nord Stream 2s exemption under CAATSA.

And in December, the administrations swift implementation of PEESA an important bipartisan endeavor effectively halted construction of the pipeline.

We are the toughest administration ever on Russia.

Most importantly, on China, we see the Chinese Communist Party also for what it is: the central threat of our times.

Our vigorous diplomacy has helped lead an international awakening to the threat of the CCP. Senators, the tide is turning:

Thirty-plus countries and territories have become 5G Clean Countries, banning untrusted vendors from their networks. When we talked about this some year ago, that number was in the single digits.

In our hemisphere, Canada has stood firm against the Chinese Communist Partys hostage-taking. Its three major telecom carriers have also banned untrusted vendors.

Belize and Haiti have denounced Beijings national security law targeting Hong Kong.

Denmark has rejected the CCPs attempted censorship of Danish newspapers.

Sweden has closed its Confucius Institutes.

Lithuanian intelligence services have identified China as a political a potential threat for the first time.

And in the region, in the Indo-Pacific, Australia declared Chinas South China Sea claims unlawful and illegitimate, as have we.

And were proud to have stepped up maritime maneuvers in that body of water alongside our friends from Australia and Japan and the United Kingdom.

India has banned 106 Chinese applications that threatened its citizens privacy and security.

Our diplomatic efforts are working, and momentum is building to mitigate the threats that the Chinese Communist Party presents.

All 10 ASEAN nations have insisted that the South China Sea disputes must be settled on the basis of international law, including UNCLOS.

Japan led the G7s condemnation of Chinas national security law targeting Hong Kong.

The EU condemned the law too, and also declared China a systemic rival just last year.

And weve agreed to start a dialogue channel focused solely on China at the EUs request.

At NATO, Secretary General Stoltenberg has called to make China a greater part of that alliances focus as well.

And we led a multilateral effort to ensure that the United Nations World Intellectual Property Organization elected a director from a country that actually gave a darn about intellectual property rights.

And our Quad the United States, Australia, India, and Japan has been reinvigorated.

We have worked hard at this. Our diplomats have done wonderful work. Im very proud of the progress we are making.

In addition to these multilateral efforts, the Department of Justice is cracking down on Chinese IP threats.

Weve sanctioned Chinese leaders for their brutality in Xinjiang, imposed export controls on companies that support it, and warned U.S. businesses against using slave labor in their supply chains.

Weve terminated special treatment agreements with Hong Kong in response to the CCPs actions to deny freedom to the people of Hong Kong.

And we closed our consulate in Houston because it was a den of spies.

Our budget reflects these efforts, the reality on the ground. We requested nearly one and a half billion dollars for foreign assistance to the Indo-Pacific region, a 20 percent increase from the 2020 request. We want that part of the world to be free and open and prosperous.

And with that, Mr. Chairman, Ill close, and happy to take questions.

By U.S. Embassy Tbilisi | 30 July, 2020 | Topics: Key Officials, News from Washington | Tags: Democracy, Human Rights, Secretary Pompeo

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Secretary Michael R. Pompeo Before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on the Fiscal Year 2021 State Department Budget Request - US Embassy in...

Brcko District to improve the Fiscal Discipline and Transparency of Expenditure of Public Funds – Sarajevo Times

Principal Deputy High Representative and Brko District Supervisor Michael Scanlan welcomed the Assemblys legislative steps yesterday to protect the fundamental rights of its citizens and improve the fiscal discipline and transparency of the expenditure of public funds.

The adopted Law on Peaceful Assembly as stated in our joint statement with international partners incorporates European and international standards on freedom of assembly and sets a precedent on how to strengthen democracy for the rest of the country.

This is an example of how Brko can lead the way on reforms in BiH, and we look to see the same with the Law on Conflict of Interest, stated the Supervisor.

In that context, the Supervisor also praised the new dynamic that we are starting to see in the District on strengthening the accountability of public officials and ensuring the transparent, targeted and efficient spending of taxpayers money.

The next steps include the adoption of the Law on Associations and Foundations in September, securing funds for reviewing the voter list in the upcoming budget rebalance, and the continued support for infrastructure development and energy efficiency projects in cooperation with international partners.

The end state will be a better quality of life for the community and an appealing environment for investors to create the well-paying private-sector jobs that Brko District needs to prosper as a community.

Creating the necessary legal environment for protecting the rights of national minorities with the adoption in September of the Law on the Rights of National Minorities will be yet another example of the District protecting it citizens in line with European norms and standards.

All these measures, together with the unveiling in August of the public register listing the incomes of public sector employees, are steps toward restoring the communitys trust in the governance of Brko and the upcoming election process, added the Supervisor.

Today in Brko, the Supervisor met with the Mayor and Deputy Mayor, Sinia Mili and Anto Domi, as well as the Deputy Speaker of the District Assembly, Ivo Filipovi. The meeting took place in strict observance of all epidemiological safety measures.

The Supervisor continues to urge every member of the Brko community to fully adhere to the orders issued by the relevant authorities for reducing the spread of COVID-19; this is not a hypothetical issue, this is about ensuring the Districts public health and wellbeing!

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Brcko District to improve the Fiscal Discipline and Transparency of Expenditure of Public Funds - Sarajevo Times

How to find a pubmedia job in a pandemic – Current

These are truly tough times to be job-hunting, especially if you want to work in the media. The unemployment rate in the U.S. dropped in June to 11.1% from a high of 14.7% in April 2020. But its still the highest its been in my lifetime, and probably yours unless youre an octogenarian. Media organizations have been shedding like a dog in the summer heat. But thats not the case in public media yet.

Since the COVID-19 closures of all kinds of businesses, public media has seen a scary drop in underwriting revenue, and many leaders Ive spoken to say they are preparing for double-digit declines in sponsorship sales this year. Some stations have been able to qualify for PPP loans to keep their people employed and paid. But there have been layoffs, and there will probably be more.

Current is tracking layoffs, furloughs and pay cuts in our field. But one thing we know for sure is that we dont know the whole story. Stations dont send press releases when they have bad news. We find out about job cuts mostly through local news sites, social media and tips sent to news@current.org.

As far as we know, public broadcasters havent eliminated many positions. My own unofficial census as of Aug. 1 is a total of 209 employees have been let go or have been reduced to part-time. Thats about 1% of the pubmedia workforce. Still, as my favorite college professor used to say, Statistics are people with the tears wiped away.

Truth be told: Hiring has dropped off. Some stations are not filling open positions, and many universities have instituted across-the-board hiring freezes. But there are some signs of hope, at least for public media job-seekers.

Classified ads on publicmediajobs.org seem to be making a cautious comeback. Postings on Currents career site plunged in April a serious concern for Current, because job ads fund the words you are reading, the story you clicked on before this one, and more. May and June showed a bit of bounce, but still only half the jobs normally posted with Current most months of the year. July, however, was a hotter month in so many ways. We hope that hiring is trending upward (for you and for Current), but of course its too early to tell.

Why did June show an uptick in job ads? Here are a few theories. For many, its a new fiscal year and perhaps strong revenue growth from last year made it possible to invest in personnel. Maybe some of these new positions are grant-funded and wouldnt be subject to austerity measures. My third thought: Black Lives Matter. In the face of great scrutiny, pubmedia stations are trying to make progress toward fulfilling their pledges of diversity and inclusion.

So, back to you. How do you get a pubmedia job in a pandemic? Keeping an eye out for every opportunity is an obvious start. Im excited to announce that publicmediajobs.org has a new look. Check out that handsome homepage! When you get there, bookmark it! Job openings are posted there for 30 days, and if you snooze, you lose.

You should also sign up for Currents newsletter and follow @currentpubmedia on Twitter. Stations especially eager to get your attention are investing a bit more to have their openings listed on Currents homepage, in our newsletter or from our Twitter account.

When you go to publicmediajobs.org, set up a free jobseeker account. Tweak and upload your resume. Recruiters that post on publicmediajobs.org can look through resumes. If you want some feedback on your resume, Im offering to critique resumes for the first five early-career people who email me with RESUME in the subject line. Dont send the resume until I respond. When you write a cover letter or get that interview, please tell the hiring manager that you learned about the position through Current!

Heres something some jobseekers dont want to hear: Consider relocating to other states or cities, if you can. A few years ago, a young woman who aspired to work in public media asked, Do I really have to start in the middle of nowhere to eventually get into the big-league public radio game? There is no such place as nowhere, only places you dont yet know about. Competition for jobs at the major-market stations, NPR and PBS is fierce.

NPR received a whopping 20,520 applications for 27 internship positions this fall, compared to 2,597 applications for 55 slots last year. NPR spokesperson Isabel Lara suggested the surge is probably due to the fact that these internships are remote this year, and applicants dont need to move to expensive cities like New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago or Washington, D.C., for this rare and coveted career-launching opportunity. Its exciting that so many young people want to bring their talents to public media, but I cant imagine how NPR will narrow that field!

So keep dreaming big, but realize that you can gain valuable experience by bringing your talent and energy as an intern or a professional to smaller stations in smaller towns. Its a chance to learn, grow your skill set and actually see the impact you are having on the station and the audience.

You might just have more creative freedom at a smaller station. And you might just fall in love with the community (and the cheaper housing) and decide to make it home for longer than you anticipated.

Put yourself out there and look for opportunities to network. Until in-person conferences are back, you can participate in public media webinars. Ask good, memorable questions and engage in the chat to boost your visibility and name recognition.

If theres a place you want to work, consider reaching out to a department manager and ask if they might be willing to give you 15 minutes of their time for career advice. People in public media can be very generous and helpful. Make sure to study the station website before that conversation so you can ask informed questions. As a hiring manager myself, I cant tell you how many times Ive interviewed someone who didnt take the time to poke around the website. Its embarrassing and certainly disqualifying.

If someone at a station agrees to a short chat, make sure to send them a thank-you note. If that person is actually working at the office instead of at home, send them a legible handwritten thank-you. Yes, its an old-school move (#okboomer) but your note will be read and appreciated, and your name just might be remembered.

But the most important thing you can do if you want to work in public media is watch your local PBS station and listen to your local public radio stations. Immerse yourself in the content and the fundraising. Support your stations if you are able. Engage in positive ways. If a local program wows you, share it on social media. Send the producer, reporter or host an email to tell them what that content meant to you. Sincere and thoughtful expressions of gratitude always make a positive impression.

Be patient and persistent. Dont give up. Public media is a great field to work in. We need all the talent we can attract and retain. Keep the faith.

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How to find a pubmedia job in a pandemic - Current

Don’t tell the separatists but Alberta is lapping up federal aid in record amounts – iPolitics.ca

Forgive me if I wax nostalgic about the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Not for the confusion, fear and economic misery of the spring. But for the fact that the same confusion, fear and economic misery meant we heard nary a peep out of Alberta separatists.

For 10 weeks while Premier Jason Kenney pleaded for more and more federal aid those Albertans whose personal mantra is More Alberta, Less Ottawa were apparently happy with More Ottawa.

READ MORE: Are Kenneys Fair Deal complaints with Ottawa based on fact or fiction?

After holding rallies and making headlines last fall to rail against the federal government, the Wexit supporters fell silent as the federal government poured money into pandemic-beleaguered provinces, and none was more beleaguered than Alberta.

Well, now that provinces are gradually re-opening their economies and the federal government has stopped its daily announcements of economic aid, Wexiteers have emerged from their COVID-19 hibernation.

Those whose fevered dream is an independent Alberta have announced that two right-wing parties Wexit Alberta and the Freedom Conservative Party have joined forces to establish the Wildrose Independence Party. Not that they had much in the way of forces to commingle.

Membership numbers are fuzzy but the Freedom Conservative Party boasted 1,063 members while Wexit Alberta hasnt done much bragging about the size of its collective.

Their timing could have been better, though.

As separatists renewed their anti-Ottawa push, it became obvious Ottawa was pouring more aid into Alberta than any other western province.

In early July, Melanie Joly, the federal minister of economic development, said while British Columbia and all the Prairie provinces were applying for federal help, the demand is higher from Alberta.

READ MORE: Albertas government and opposition create toxic political atmosphere

And this week there was more awkward news for the Wexiteers.

University of Calgary economist Trevor Tombe, who has been researching federal/Alberta fiscal relations for years, wrote an op-ed piece declaring that for the first time in 55 years Alberta is getting more out of Canada than it is putting in.

Over the past decade, Albertans have paid about $20 billion dollars more in federal taxes per year than they received in transfer payments from Ottawa. Thats not because the system is unfair but because Albertans tend to be wealthier, healthier and younger.

But this year, thanks to a pandemic-ravaged economy and abysmally low oil prices, Alberta has become a fiscal catcher, not a pitcher.

Alberta and Albertans will be a net receiver of roughly $22 billion through the federal budget, says Tombe. Whats behind this shift? Massive federal spending on emergency measures to individuals and businesses, combined with much lower income and sales tax revenues raised from taxpayers. Alberta disproportionately benefits (in a narrow fiscal sense) from both.

This is also awkward news for Premier Jason Kenney who rarely misses a chance to bash the federal Liberal government for either ignoring or deliberately hurting Alberta.

Kenney is not a separatist. In fact, he has ridiculed the idea of separation, saying it makes no sense. However, he also plays a game where he stokes feelings of western alienation by assuring Albertans the provinces woes lie with federal Liberal policies not Albertas over-reliance on fossil fuels.

Mind you, during the peak of the March-April COVID-19 wave, while Wexiteers were biding their time, Kenney was biting his tongue while talking about Prime Minister Trudeau, his political nemesis.

READ MORE: Pandemic isnt over but Kenneys truce with Ottawa certainly is

Kenney even delayed until June releasing the report of the government-sponsored Fair Deal panel that looked into Alberta forming its own provincial police force, setting up its own pension plan and holding a referendum against the federal equalization program. He realized that releasing a report that thumbs its nose at the federal government while the province was still negotiating for more federal aid smacked of hypocrisy, if not stupidity.

When asked about Tombes article this week, Kenney tried to brush it off.

Obviously, this is a bizarre year, said Kenney. We havent seen a year like this in Albertas fiscal history since we went broke as a province in 1935.

He admitted Alberta has benefited disproportionately from the federal government but he still thinks the system is skewed against the province: I expect that when we get back into anything like a normal economic cycle post-COVID-19 that we will continue to face the structural challenge that Alberta has within the federation for the past five decades.

Put another way, if we get back to normal and Alberta is once again the wealthiest per-capita province in the country, Kenney will once again simplistically and cynically claim Albertans are being unfairly treated by the federal Liberal government.

CLARIFICATION:A previous version of this column positioned Melanie Jolys comments in relation to specific aid programs rather than federal funding more generally.

The views, opinions and positions expressed by all iPolitics columnists and contributors are the authors alone. They do not inherently or expressly reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of iPolitics.

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Making sure the U.S. military remains the best in the world – Brookings Register

This year marks the 60th consecutive year that the U.S. Senate has passed a bipartisan National Defense Authorization Act or NDAA. The NDAA is one of the most important pieces of legislation we pass each year, as it authorizes funding for the Department of Defense.

The bill we recently passed authorizes funding to support our armed forces and their families throughout fiscal year 2021. As a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee and chairman of that committees Cybersecurity Subcommittee, Ive been working with my colleagues on this legislation to make sure it provides the resources necessary to keep our troops safe, strengthen our national security and support military families. This is especially important as our adversaries, especially China, seek to gain strategic dominance over the United States as they grow their militaries in quality and quantity.

Of all our near-peer competitors, China is continuing to strengthen its powerful grip on its own people as well as expand its influence across the globe. This year, weve seen China perform an ethnic cleansing of Uighur Muslims, many of whom are being held against their will in concentration camps. While imposing this abuse of Uighur Muslims, the Chinese Communist Party, which governs China, has meanwhile issued a new law on Hong Kong that would strictly punish anyone who opposes the Chinese government, in effect the Chinese Communist Party. These profound violations of human rights are painted by the Partys state-run news service in the best light possible while hiding and distorting the truth from its citizens.

On an international level, China has unlawfully claimed most of the South China Sea a major shipping channel as its own sovereign territory. This, despite the fact that many of our Southeast Asian allies have legitimate claims to islands and areas in the South China Sea.

Weve recently seen an escalation of aggressive actions by Chinas maritime forces against U.S. ships in the South China Sea, which are there to maintain freedom of navigation and make sure free trade can continue within this critical artery for international commerce.

This type of aggression is a prime example of why our armed forces need to remain the strongest in the world. We can fulfill that requirement by giving our armed forces all they need through the NDAA that we have passed every year for over half a century.

The fiscal year 2021 NDAA that we just passed was designed to support the National Defense Strategy. The National Defense Strategy provides clear direction for restoring our militarys competitive edge in an era of re-emerging, long-term great power competition.

As our near-peer competitors like China and Russia continue to advance their own weapon systems and strategies, we must make sure our armed forces have the tools and capabilities to deter aggression by these adversaries against the United States, our allies and partners. We never want our service men and women to go into a fair fight U.S. troops must always have the advantage.

The B-21 Raider bombers coming to Ellsworth Air Force Base in the near future will be a critical part of maintaining that deterrent. The B-21s will play a crucial role in neutralizing Chinas threat because the long-range strike bomber will put them at risk if they choose to act out.

International threats against U.S. interests will continue to grow, but we have the best military in the world. It isnt just weapons systems that make our armed forces strong, though they are indispensableits the men and women who volunteer to wear the uniform. At the end of the day, the NDAA is about making sure they have everything they need to do their job, keep us safe and protect freedom. Im glad we were able to pass this important legislation and show that, in Congress, we can work together when we share a common interest.

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Making sure the U.S. military remains the best in the world - Brookings Register

Guest opinion: Address to C-SD Class of 2020 – Dorchester Banner – Dorchester Banner

Screen Shot from YouTubeCambridge-South Dorchester High School alumnus John Handley gave this years commencement address on June 5.

Hello, and thank you Talayasia [Young, Senior Class President], that was incredibly kind, and you should be proud that you are the President of the amazing, dare I say it legendary, Cambridge-South Dorchester class of 2020.My name is John Handley. I am only here because Oprah had a last minute booking for the Tonight Show and Anthony Fauci is busy searching for a cure for COVID.

I promise not to take a lot of your time, but I cannot thank you enough for allowing me to celebrate this amazing night with you! From one Viking to another, congratulations, you have done it, you have graduated high school, and no one can ever take that away.It has always been one of my dreams to be a commencement speaker at C-SD. I know some of you probably think that is ridiculous, but truly, this is a high honor for me.

I imagined getting up on stage in front of familiar faces in a gym that was way too hot even though the AC was blasting, listening to all the proud mamas who keep screaming and clapping even though some teacher, Im talking to you Mr. Horsey, keeps telling them to quiet down. Most of all, I imagined being able to see how incredibly proud each of you would be as you received your diploma and I would remember when my friends and I sat right there and did the same.

Thats not quite how this is, is it? Lets be honest. None of this is how any of us had planned. Some might even say you have been dealt a bad hand. Your graduation is remote, your time with friends has been cut short, no senior class play, no senior season of sports, and as you are stuck at home, things are not much better.A plague endangers us while we witness yet again the pains of racial injustice. It may feel that the weight of reality has gotten the jump on you, and that the oppression is here to stay.

I say noWhat you are experiencing now is a beginning; it is life on the cusp of a new dawn. Together our great minds are using science to develop a cure for this wretched disease and other diseases like cancer and diabetes. When we turn on the TV and see people in the streets, we are not witnessing oppression, no, far from it.We are seeing freedom. Look and you will see people of all ages and colors, along with police officers and politicians saying, We have had enough and, There is a better way. While some claim that white and black and policeman and civilian are more divided than they ever have been, I say no. I see a great joining in a common cause to ensure that all citizens have the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

And as I witness this new beginning, I see the Cambridge-South Dorchester Class of 2020. You are emerging from a chrysalis, to be the change that this world needs and is expecting.Yes, I know that you did not get to experience the same things that classes before you did, but that is because you are not like them. You are different. You are the class of 2020, the class that can change this world.

As you go out into this world, please let me remind you of where you are from, you are graduating from Dorchester County. Sometimes I know that that may not feel like a lot or maybe you think that it is not meaningful, but you stand on the backs of giants.You come from one of the oldest European communities in the United States. Freedom fighters like Harriet Tubman and Gloria Richardson were born here determined not to leave it the way they found it.

Dorchester begot six governors, one of whom, Holliday Hicks singlehandedly kept the state from seceding, dramatically changing the dynamics of the Civil War in favor of the Union. There are also masters of their crafts, the great writer John Barth or the ship builder Jim Richardson.Come visit me in Annapolis and see the name Senator Fred Malkus plastered on all the walls. Ask your parents about Art Reinkwitz or Doug Fleetwood. Or Antwan Lake and Mr. Batson.

Our ancestors have been sharpened by working the rivers and plowing the fields and by volunteering and investing our community for centuries. You may not realize to what extent, but you have been forged from the pain of protest and riots that many or our parents and grandparents remember.

From greatnessYou come from greatness, you come from experience.Of course in preparation for this speech I did the most stereotypical thing someone in my position does, and that is to find some quote from some vaguely recognizable person we may have heard mentioned in history class. I went to my book of classic American Speeches and was drawn to the famous Give me Liberty or Give Me Death speech given by Patrick Henry to the convention of Delegates in Virginia 1775. As I read, I could move past one line and that line was this:I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided; and that is the lamp of my experience.

As I reflected on why that phrase kept replaying in my head, I finally realized what was bothering me, and that is: It is completely wrong.As you have walked through life to this point, it feels like you have had one lamp, your lamp, illuminating your pathway, fueled by good and bad experiences. Sometimes that light is so dim you cant see, other times it is so bright you forget that there ever was any darkness. That feeling is wrong.Your path has been illuminated by the light radiating from the lamps of those around you. Every single day you have walked in the light of others experiences allowing you to grow into the amazing person you are.

There have been the lamps of teachers giving you knowledge and wisdom through their hours of unseen preparation. You receive light from your parents, grandparents, sisters, brothers, and loved ones.You may not realize it but you have walked in the light of this community, drenched in the rich illumination of the experiences of the generations that came before. Each and every person who has affected you has allowed you to use some of their light so that you can put one foot in front of the other.

Think about it, think about who you are because of others. Yes, you worked incredibly hard, and have crossed the finish line of a race that started 12 years ago. But please for a second, stop, turn around, and look at the lanterns that have lit your path to this moment.That being said, now is the time for celebration! This is truly a momentous occasion in your life, an occasion and celebration that you deserve and is eternally yours. We, the great community that surrounds you, congratulate each and every one of you for your accomplishment.Now go into the world in peace, to pick up your lantern and shed your light on someone elses path, for you are the class that is different than all others, you are the Cambridge-South Dorchester Class of 2020.Pump it up, go Vikings, thank you very much.

John Handley is a 2010 graduate of Cambridge-South Dorchester High School and a graduate from the University of Maryland, where he received his degree in Government and Politics with a minor in Philosophy. He is currently the Legislative Director for Maryland Comptroller Peter Franchot where he advocates for good government, transparency and fiscal responsibility. He currently resides in Annapolis but considers Cambridge and the chicken farm where he grew up his home.

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Guest opinion: Address to C-SD Class of 2020 - Dorchester Banner - Dorchester Banner

Suspect in fatal Las Vegas stabbing: ‘Things just went bad’ – Las Vegas Sun

metro police

Abdul RashidYoung

By Ricardo Torres-Cortez (contact)

Tuesday, Aug. 4, 2020 | 8:10 p.m.

A man accused of fatally stabbing a man during a fight a week ago told detectives it wasn't his intention but things just went bad, according to his arrest report.

Abdul Rashid Young, 44, was booked Thursday on a count of murder in the slaying of Anthony Donnell, jail and court records show.

At 9:04 p.m. July 28, Metro Police responded to a dilapidated apartment complex at 6009 Clark Street, near Boulder Highway and Nevada Avenue, and found a gravely wounded Donnell.

Donnell died at Sunrise Hospital and Medical Center from a stab wound to the chest, police said.

Donnells wife told officers she saw a man she only knew as Gemini stab the victim, and that hed fled on foot, police said.

Police said they reviewed surveillance video that appeared to show the argument and the physical altercation, police said.

When the woman was shown a photo of Young, she confirmed he was the man who allegedly stabbed her husband, noting that shed known the suspect about a year, police said.

Shortly before noon Thursday, Metros fugitive task force took Young into custody near Boulder Highway and Desert Inn, police said.

In an interview with detectives, he said he had stabbed Tony and that he knew it was caught on video, police said.

Police said that before Young requested an attorney, ending the interview, he said he was not thinking of killing Tony, but stated things just went bad, according to the arrest report.

Young, who is jailed without the opportunity of bailing out, is next due in court on Aug. 18, logs show.

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Suspect in fatal Las Vegas stabbing: 'Things just went bad' - Las Vegas Sun

China Is Giving People a COVID Vaccine That Isn’t Done Being Tested – Futurism

A letter sent out to employees of Chinese state-owned travel companies claims that two experimental coronavirus vaccines are safe and effective despite not having completed phase three clinical trials, as Quartz reports.

Phasethree trials generally involve administering vaccine candidates to tens of thousands of participants, to establish their safety and effectiveness, before clearing them for widespread use.

Experts warned Quartz that claims about the safety and effectiveness of a vaccine shouldnt be made until thorough testing is complete.

Even if the vaccine itself is benign, if people think they are protected when they are not, they can expose themselves to risks they would otherwise avoid and increase their chances of falling ill, Alex John London, director of the Center for Ethics and Policy at Carnegie Mellon University, told Quartz.

Three out of six pharmaceutical companies currently conducting phase three trials of coronavirus vaccines are in China. The letter to the state-owned travel companies was penned by a subsidiary of one of these companies, called SinoPharm, according to Quartz.

The company began late stage trials in Abu Dhabi involving up to 15,000 volunteers earlier this month, according to Reuters.

Chinese authorities claim that a vaccine will be ready for widespread use before the end of the year, The Wall Street Journal reports an extremely tight deadline that,realistically, may not be met. In the case of SinoPharm, phase three trials will take anywhere between three to six months, Reuters reports.

If proven clinically safe and effective still a big if the next hurdle will be to mass produce and distribute the vaccine,which is a major challenge in itself.

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China Is Giving People a COVID Vaccine That Isn't Done Being Tested - Futurism

NASA Blasts Off Most Sophisticated Mars Mission in Human History – Futurism

Blast Off

At exactly 7:50 am EDT this morning, NASA successfully launched its Perseverance rover mission to Mars. The rover, with its Ingenuity Mars Helicopter in tow, blasted off from Cape Canaveral, Florida atop a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket.

A small earthquake prior to launch luckily didnt cause any delays, as CNN reports.

This is the first time in history where were going to Mars with an explicit mission to find life on another world ancient life on Mars, noted NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine during a press briefing at NASAs Kennedy Space Center.

Perseverance, NASAs fifth Mars rover, will spend the next seven months speeding hundreds of millions of miles toward Mars. Landing at the Jezero Crater, a suspected ancient dried up lake, is scheduled for February 18, 2021. The rover will then, if everything goes according to plan, deploy its experimental helicopter roughly two months later.

The launch follows two other successful launches intended to explore the Red Planet. China launched its Tianwen-1 rover mission last week. And the United Arab Emirates also launched a spacecraft to study Martian weather from orbit.

Perseverance is stuffed to the gills with scientific instruments, ranging from a device called MOXIE meant to test whether future visitors could produce oxygen from the Martian atmosphere, to SuperCam, a powerful laser capable of identifying organic compounds in rocks and soils.

The rover will also be the first robot to be able to hear its surroundings on the Red Planet thanks to a pair of microphones.

Additionally, Perseverance will collect rock samples and put them into a small glass tube with the goal of another mission retrieving them at a later date.

READ MORE: NASA launches Mars rover to look for signs of ancient life [AP]

More on Perseverance: On Tomorrows Launch, NASA Is Sending Spacesuit Chunks to Mars

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NASA Blasts Off Most Sophisticated Mars Mission in Human History - Futurism

Fauci Says He’s "Cautiously Optimistic" There’ll Be a COVID Vaccine This Year – Futurism

Top United States infectious disease expert Anthony Fauci told a House panel today that he is cautiously optimisticthat a COVID vaccine will be made available in the US in late fall or early winter, CNN reports.

We hope that by the time we get into late fall and early winter, we will have in fact a vaccine that we can say that would be safe and effective, he told a House subcommittee that was formed to investigate Trumps response to the coronavirus pandemic.

One can never guarantee the safety or effectiveness unless you do the trial, but we are cautiously optimistic this will be successful, he added.

Fauci said that vaccines currently in development showed a healthy response, triggering a neutralizing antibody response thats comparable to the response in those who had already recovered from COVID-19.

The news comes after a large-scale phase three trial of a vaccine developed by biotech Moderna kicked off on Monday, becoming the first US-based coronavirus vaccine to do so. About 30,000 adult volunteers will be part of the trial across 89 US research sites.

In a Thursday ABC News interview, Fauci stressed the importance of wearing masks to not only protect us against COVID-19, but also help protect us against influenza during this years upcoming flu season.

Go out there and get your flu shot when the flu vaccine becomes available, he added.

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Fauci Says He's "Cautiously Optimistic" There'll Be a COVID Vaccine This Year - Futurism

Booking.com Cuts Workforce By Thousands As Travel Atrophies – Yeshiva World News

Booking.com is laying off a quarter of its workforce more than 4,000 people with the global pandemic snuffing out travel.

Layoffs will begin next month and run through the end of the year, according to parent company Booking Holdings Inc.

Booking Holdings, based in Norwalk, Connecticut, also owns the restaurant reservation company OpenTable and Priceline.com.

The number of room reserved at Booking.com during the first quarter of this year tumbled 43%, to 124 million.

The company warned investors in May to brace for worse in the second financial quarter, the results of which are due Thursday.

Booking.com, based in Amsterdam, is a dominant player in Europe, where it controls more than 60% of online travel bookings, according to a 2018 report from Hospitality Europe. But bookings have plummeted as travel from major markets like the U.S. and China has slowed significantly.

The number of people passing through U.S. airport checkpoints is running about 70% lower than a year ago, according to figures from the Transportation Security Administration. Travel plunged about 95% by mid-April, then rose steadily until leveling off throughout July. More than 700,000 people were screened each of the last five days, through Monday, the first time that has happened since mid-March.

The World Tourism Organization, an agency of the United Nations, said late last month that there was a 56% drop in tourist arrivals between January and May. Thats about 300 million people, and $320 billion in lost international tourism receipts.

Booking.com has 17,500 employees and more than 200 offices worldwide.

(AP)

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Booking.com Cuts Workforce By Thousands As Travel Atrophies - Yeshiva World News

Where in the World is Phil, August 2020- Part 1 – Mint Hill Times

CHARLOTTE, NC As you all are reading, travel is at level 0 from the USA. Some airlines have started to serve more domestic routes and have added a few more flights. Travel Vendors are again advertising for trips in the48 states. Hawaii is beginning to reopen, with the information they may soon ease some travel restrictions by September. Canada is still closed to US Residents.

All of this brought Barbara and me to a planning session. We have a Son in South Florida. He works in the health care industry as Director of Trauma Services. His wife is also in healthcare as a Surgical Technician. If we were going to visit them, we had 2 concerns.

1/ We could not take them away from work just to entertain us while we were there. We had no intention of joining the masses at South Florida Beaches.

2/ We had to protect ourselves from overexposure, as well as keep from exposing them to something we might be carrying.

A second reason to consider going to Florida is to experience what travel is like during these extraordinary times. Florida had just opened up the Keys to tourists. We researched all we could and found the keys were getting larger crowds on weekends, but weekdays were still pretty slow. Barbara and I made the following arrangements;

Depart Concord to Miami on Sunday, on Allegiant Airlines. Arrive 10:30 am.

Rent Car from Enterprise for Sunday to Friday

Drive to meet family. Dinner at a beach restaurant in Fort Lauderdale.

Stay 1 night at Hampton Inn, Miami Airport

Drive to Key West on Monday. Stay at Crowne Plaza Key West La Concha. Return the rental car on Friday at 5 pm.

Return home on Spirit Airlines from Fort Lauderdale. All told, we were pleasantly surprised by the changes and new procedures to keep us safe. We enjoyed all of the trips, had no disappointments, and stayed healthy. Here is what we found.

Join us next week for more of Where in the World is Phil- August 2020, Part 2

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Where in the World is Phil, August 2020- Part 1 - Mint Hill Times

Secrets and lives, and the 7 sins – Victoria News

A top agent for Sothebys International, Lisa Williams is smart, competitive and a force of nature in the real estate marketand its no wonder, because she absolutely loves what she does.

It really doesnt matter if its a waterfront estate or a little cottage somewhere, when it comes together, people are happy, and Im grateful to play a part in that, she says.

Its a path she started on shortly after exploring her university options.

My family background is building and development, so after some travel and a stint at UVic, it seemed the natural direction to go, she says. I love the fact that every day is different. And Ive met so many fascinating people over the years, many of whom are now friends.

READ MORE: BLVD TV Interviews Jason Binab from the Agency Victoria

Riding has been another big part of Lisas life.

Ive been riding since I was about 10, and competing on the Hunter Jumper circuit since about 18, she says. I think the riding really gave me the ability to focus under pressure, think fast and react according to changing situations.

She adds: Im definitely competitive, but having said that, I think you have to learn how to lose to really understand the winning part.

That understanding helped fuel Lisas determination as well.

I get the biggest reward from being a problem-solver and bringing really tough deals together. If there is a solution to be found, I wont sleep until I figure it out.

And on her days off?

Ha! I dont have many of those! she laughs. If the world ever gets to a new normal, Id love to travel more. Expanding my repertoire in the kitchen would be great too. And growing up, we did a lot of boating as a family, so being out on the water will always be something I love.

READ MORE: Boulevard Interview with Blaise MacDonald

Envy:

Whose shoes would you like to walk in?

I have to say that Im pretty happy walking in mine most of the time (hats off to John Fluevog for great style and amazingly comfortable shoes), but Id love to have walked in Steve Nashs shoes during his NBA run. I think Steve is the epitome of hard work and focus equalling success. In a world of brash big talkers, Steve moved faster, thought smarter and delivered with grace and style. What an amazing ambassador for Canada!

Gluttony:

What is the food you could eat over and over again?

Im addicted to the Prawn Phad Thai from Baan Thai Wok & Bar. Its amazing! Also pretzelsridiculousbut they have to have just the right amount of salt.

Greed:

Youre given $1 million that you have to spend selfishly. What would you spend it on?

Pre-COVID-19, I wouldnt hesitate to say world travel and enjoying new culinary experiences. Now, I think it would be having a sunny little getaway place on one of the Gulf Islands to share with family and friendsand a faster boat to come and go!

Wrath:

Pet peeves?

Conceit, laziness and, the worst, entitlement.

Sloth:

Where would you spend a long time doing nothing?

I dont like to sit still for very long, but Im quite happy doing nothing on the beach at Sidney Spit, or up in Desolation Sound, provided nothing includes some wine, fresh prawns or crab on the portable barbecue, and some good music and friends to share it with!

Pride:

What is the one thing youre secretly proud of?

On the play side, Ive been lucky to have been able to compete and win at some top-level Hunter Jumper competitions in New York, DC, Kentucky, Pennsylvania and California. Its a special partnership with the right horse, and a pretty incredible feeling to win under pressure. With real estate, Im proud to be the highest-selling agent in Victoria and will be the first to reach the billion-dollar milestone in overall sales this year. Im grateful to be able to do what I love, and lucky to live in such a special place in the world! Since COVID, I know I definitely appreciate it more than ever.

Lust:

What makes your heart beat faster?

Speed. Winning. Making the deal happen and calling the clients to tell them. Music, dancing, great food and wine, laughing so hard it hurts. And of course, being in love!

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Secrets and lives, and the 7 sins - Victoria News

Northern Light Continuing Care in Mars Hill to offer outside visits with residents – Bangor Daily News

MARS HILL Northern Light Continuing Care in Mars Hill will begin outside family visitation on Thursday, Aug. 6.

We are thrilled to be able to offer the opportunity for families to come and visit their loved one, said Kelly Lundeen, director of the facility. This has been such a challenging time for our residents and their families, and we are doing all we can to help them reconnect in a safe way.

For now, as a trial period, outdoor visits will be available by appointment only during limited hours on Monday Friday. Families (up to two people over the age of 10) can visit a loved one for 20 minutes. At this point, each block of time will be reserved for one family only. Visits will be weather dependent.

To make this successful, it will be important that all involved follow the safety guidelines we have in place. Our residents are at high risk by nature of their age, their overall health, and living in a congregate care environment. We wont be able to continue to allow visits if we cant do so in a safe manner, explained Lundeen.

Safety steps include: arriving only at the appointed time; being screened upon arrival; sanitizing hands; wearing a mask (both residents and visitors) that cannot be removed during the visit; maintaining a physical distance of at least six feet; and not bringing in food or gifts.

Lundeen notes that staff will be available during the visits to assist as needed with any tools that may be needed to help visitors and their loved ones hear each other through masks and distance.

For those who might not be able to come in person right now, either because they are not feeling well or have traveled out of state recently, we encourage you to take advantage of other alternatives for staying in touch, said Lundeen. We have cell phones and iPads for our residents to use who do not have their own. Calls, FaceTime, and Zoom are all great technical options for staying in touch. We have staff who will help residents who are not technically savvy get connected. Window visits are another option. You can be outside of the facility and view your loved one through the window while talking on the phone.

Appointments for visits can be made by contacting Vicki, activities coordinator, at 207-768-4964.

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Northern Light Continuing Care in Mars Hill to offer outside visits with residents - Bangor Daily News

Professor of Computer Science Jason Mars Set to Speak at FlyOver Tech Fest – Yahoo Finance

Professor of Computer Science Jason Mars will speak at the upcoming FlyOver Tech Fest in October

ANN ARBOR, MI / ACCESSWIRE / August 5, 2020 / Jason Mars is a professor of computer science at the University of Michigan and tech entrepreneur dedicated to solving real-world problems. The former employee of Google and Intel is set to speak at the FlyOver Tech Fest beginning on Oct. 1, 2020.

The festival will showcase Jason Mars and a long list of additional tech experts, entrepreneurs, industry executives, and more. The goal is to showcase the thriving tech community in fly-over parts of the country. Attendees will find stories and information on a number of tech and business topics, like how to scale your business, how to fundraise successfully, hiring talent, and more. The FlyOver Tech Fest is an event for anyone interested in learning from tech greats, like Mike Gozzo of Zendesk, Ben Milne of Dwolla, Sarah Hill of Helium, and scientist Jason Mars.

Jason Mars will be speaking on what it takes to get your revolutionary idea off the ground when you're not in a major tech hub like Silicon Valley or New York City. His talk will be called, "A New Voice from a Strange Place in the AI Revolution." Jason Mars plans to discuss the importance of mentorship from those who are more experienced and how valuable networking can be. He will discuss how to learn as much as possible from startups within your region, through research and meeting memberships of the team.

Jason Mars added that living in a flyover area, like southern Michigan, has its advantages. It can be easier to stand out, receive positive local press, and even locate more opportunities for government funding. Jason Mars explained that less competition means more attention can go directly to your company instead of being spread amongst countless others. He plans to emphasize that doing outstanding tech work doesn't require being in a popular tech area on either of the country's coasts, especially since the industry's innovations are almost entirely online.

Jason Mars is an entrepreneur, scientist, professor, and inventor. At the FlyOver Tech Fest, he will explain what it takes to turn a novel idea with zero funding into a multi-million dollar business in a location like the American Midwest. Mars will offer the tips and tricks he used to find his success, such as being as transparent as possible with investors. Jason Mars explains that your relationship with your investors is as important as the money they invest. Becoming a successful company involves mentorship, coaching, and lifelong relationships.

The goal of Jason Mars' talk at the FlyOver Tech Fest is to encourage up-and-coming tech entrepreneurs to find mentorship, network, and use your unique location in a fly-over location to your advantage. He encourages attendees to log onto the FlyOverTechFest.com website to book a place for the talk, which will begin at 10:00 a.m. (CST), on Oct. 1, 2020.

CONTACT:Caroline HunterWeb Presence, LLC+1 7865519491

SOURCE: Jason Mars

View source version on accesswire.com: https://www.accesswire.com/600460/Professor-of-Computer-Science-Jason-Mars-Set-to-Speak-at-FlyOver-Tech-Fest

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Professor of Computer Science Jason Mars Set to Speak at FlyOver Tech Fest - Yahoo Finance

Hassan-e Sabbah, the Grand Master of Islamic Assassins – The Great Courses Daily News

By Richard B. Spence, Ph.D., University of Idaho Hassan-e Sabbah was an Ismaili Shia. (Image: Original: Ishvara7; Vector: Smasongarrison/CC BY-SA 4.0/Public domain) Where did Hassan-e Sabbah Come From?

Hassan-e Sabbah was born into a Shia family in the city of Ray, Iran. When he went to school, he was friends with two future prominent figures in the history of Iran; Omar Khayyam, the poet, and Nizam al-Mulk, who became a Seljuk vizier. These three schoolboys had a pact that any one of them who was the first to succeed would have to help the other two to become successful and wealthy. Nizam was the first to succeed, and contrary to their pact, he only helped Khayyam and not Sabbah. Presumably, this became Sabbahs motivation to assassinate Nizam as a Seljuk vizier in the future.

He went to Cairo and was trained in a school belonging to a secret organization called Majlis al-Hakima, Society of Wisdom. It was originally a public library opened by Al-Hakim, a Fatimid Caliph, who secretly opened the school under cover of this library. Both men and women were allowed in this school which was uncommon in Islam.

The initiates had to go through a complicated nine-degree initiation process. This process is described by Al-Makrisi, an Egyptian Sunni historian, who was interested in Sabbah and his faithful men. The process of initiation consisted of brainwashing and psychological manipulation.

Learn more about Secret Societies: The Never Ending Story.

The first degree consisted of shattering all the faith that the pupil had. The teacher created doubt in the minds of the pupils through devaluing everything, even the Holy Koran and Prophet Mohammad. The pupil had to have absolute faith in his teacher and obey him blindly. In the second stage, they learned about the mystery of numbers and the seven prophets Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, Muhammad, and Ismail. These lawgivers were accompanied by seven helpers or silent prophets.

This is a transcript from the video series Secret Societies. Watch it now, on The Great Courses Plus.

The training proceeded to the sixth grade where the pupils learned about Aristotle and Plato. The analytical and destructive arguments were taught at this stage to support or reject any proposition through logic. The pupils were told that Islam and its rites and rituals were nothing but pointless hogwash. Also, at this stage, based on pre-Islamic Persian mythology, a mysterious deity called the Lord of Time was introduced to them.

In the seventh degree, they learned about pantheism, the idea that holds all humanity and all creation are one. Therefore, all seemingly opposing forces like good and evil, creation and destruction, are all one. There is no distinction between them, and any distinction of this kind is just an illusion.

The eighth degree, which aimed to prepare the pupils for the final revelation, gave the true God a nameless identity that is unpredictable and cannot be worshiped.

And the final degree revealed that nothing is true, and everything is permitted. Everything was denied, including God, heaven, hell, and even the truth. Action was at the center of everything, and the head of the sect was the only person who validated an action to be carried out.

These principles were in line with those of antinomianism. According to antinomianism, which could be considered a form of nihilism, there are no rules whatsoever regarding morality or any other realm. Assassins had a major difference in principles with antinomianism: it wasnt true that they didnt believe in anything. They believed in one thing: that they were right; to the pure, all things are pure.

Learn more about Secret Societies: The Underworld of History.

After finishing all these grades, Sabbah returned to Persia as a dai, or missionary to follow his secret mission. Manipulating the minds of others was his special ability. It is best manifested in a sea voyage when a storm hit. Panic-stricken, the passengers were praying to God to save them. But Sabbah refused to pray and claimed that the storm was created by his magical powers. Confident that the storm would stop based on his calculations, he convinced them if they prayed to him, the storm would stop. The passengers desperately prayed to him and saw that the storm subsided and thought they were saved by Sabbah. Naturally, they turned into firm believers of this mysterious savior with magical powers.

He had a special way of attracting followers. Instead of telling imaginary tales about things like paradise, he helped them see one in person. He would create a paradise based on the descriptions they had heard from religious teachings. Then, he drugged them and made them wake up in that false heaven. After letting them enjoy for several days, they were drugged again and returned to real life. With this sample taste of heaven, Sabbah promised them to have this heaven eternally after their death.

Alamut Castle was the first castle occupied by Hassan-e Sabbah, the grand master of Islamic Assassins. It was located in northern Persia in Alborz Mountains.

The Islamic Assassins was a real secret society with Hassan-e Sabbah as its grand master. They were ordered in hierarchies based on their professions and missions.

Antinomianism is a system of thinking similar to nihilism. It holds that there are no rules, moral or otherwise.

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Hassan-e Sabbah, the Grand Master of Islamic Assassins - The Great Courses Daily News

A|I: The AI Times When AI codes itself – BetaKit

The AI Times is a weekly newsletter covering the biggest AI, machine learning, big data, and automation news from around the globe. If you want to read A|I before anyone else, make sure to subscribe using the form at the bottom of this page.

Five projects have received $29 million in funding from Scale AI and a number of companies to support the implementation of artificial intelligence.

In these unprecedented times, entrepreneurs need all the help they can get. BetaKit has teamed up with Microsoft for Startups on a new series called Just One Thing, where startup founders and tech leaders share the one thing they want the next generation of entrepreneurs to learn.

Instrumental, a startup that uses vision-powered AI to detect manufacturing anomalies, announced that it has closed a $20 million Series B led by Canaan Partners.

The tool spots similarities between programs to help programmers write faster and more efficient software.

A big study by the US Census Bureau finds that only about 9 percent of firms employ tools like machine learning or voice recognition for now.

In addition to bolstering its go-to-market efforts, Tempo says it will use the funds to expand its content offering with a second production studio.

Through its new robotic collaborations, the infamously creepy dog-shaped robots could soon ride on wheels and launch their own drones.

University of Montreal AI expert Yoshua Bengio, his student Benjamin Scellier, and colleagues at startup Rain Neuromorphics have come up with way for analog AIs to train themselves.

The plan will be to use the funding for hiring, to invest in the tools it uses to detect entities and map the relationships between them and to bring on more clients.

A spokesperson said the funds will be used to scale the companys platform, which allows people to create a digital persona that mirrors their own.

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A|I: The AI Times When AI codes itself - BetaKit

Why organizations might want to design and train less-than-perfect AI – Fast Company

These days, artificial intelligence systems make our steering wheels vibrate when we drive unsafely, suggest how to invest our money, and recommend workplace hiring decisions. In these situations, the AI has been intentionally designed to alter our behavior in beneficial ways: We slow the car, take the investment advice, and hire people we might not have otherwise considered.

Each of these AI systems also keeps humans in the decision-making loop. Thats because, while AIs are much better than humans at some tasks (e.g., seeing 360 degrees around a self-driving car), they are often less adept at handling unusual circumstances (e.g., erratic drivers).

In addition, giving too much authority to AI systems can unintentionally reduce human motivation. Drivers might become lazy about checking their rearview mirrors; investors might be less inclined to research alternatives; and human resource managers might put less effort into finding outstanding candidates. Essentially, relying on an AI system risks the possibility that people will, metaphorically speaking, fall asleep at the wheel.

How should businesses and AI designers think about these tradeoffs? In a recent paper, economics professor Susan Athey of Stanford Graduate School of Business and colleagues at the University of Toronto laid out a theoretical framework for organizations to consider when designing and delegating decision-making authority to AI systems. This paper responds to the realization that organizations need to change the way they motivate people in environments where parts of their jobs are done by AI, says Athey, who is also an associate director of the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, or HAI.

Atheys model suggests that an organizations decision of whether to use AI at allor how thoroughly to design or train an AI systemmay depend not only on whats technically available, but also on how the AI impacts its human coworkers.

The idea that decision-making authority incentivizes employees to work hard is not new. Previous research has shown that employees who have been given decision-making authority are more motivated to do a better job of gathering the information to make a good decision. Bringing that idea back to the AI-human tradeoff, Athey says, there may be times wheneven if the AI can make a better decision than the humanyou might still want to let humans be in charge because that motivates them to pay attention. Indeed, the paper shows that, in some cases, improving the quality of an AI can be bad for a firm if it leads to less effort by humans.

Atheys theoretical framework aims to provide a logical structure to organize thinking about implementing AI within organizations. The paper classifies AI into four types, two with the AI in charge (replacement AI and unreliable AI), and two with humans in charge (augmentation AI and antagonistic AI). Athey hopes that by gaining an understanding of these classifications and their tradeoffs, organizations will be better able to design their AIs to obtain optimal outcomes.

Replacement AI is in some ways the easiest to understand: If an AI system works perfectly every time, it can replace the human. But there are downsides. In addition to taking a persons job, replacement AI has to be extremely well-trained, which may involve a prohibitively costly investment in training data. When AI is imperfect or unreliable, humans play a key role in catching and correcting AI errorspartially compensating for AI imperfections with greater effort. This scenario is most likely to produce optimal outcomes when the AI hits the sweet spot where it makes bad decisions often enough to keep human coworkers on their toes.

With augmentation AI, employees retain decision-making power while a high-quality AI augments their effort without decimating their motivation. Examples of augmentative AI might include systems that, in an unbiased way, review and rank loan applications or job applications but dont make lending or hiring decisions. However, human biases will have a bigger influence on decisions in this scenario.

Antagonistic AI is perhaps the least intuitive classification. It arises in situations where theres an imperfect yet valuable AI, human effort is essential but poorly incentivized, and the human retains decision rights when the human and AI conflict. In such cases, Atheys model proposes, the best AI design might be one that produces results that conflict with the preferences of the human agents, thereby antagonistically motivating them to put in effort so they can influence decisions. People are going to be, at the margin, more motivated if they are not that happy with the outcome when they dont pay attention, Athey says.

To illuminate the value of Atheys model, she describes the possible design issues as well as tradeoffs for worker effort when companies use AI to address the issue of bias in hiring. The scenario runs like this: If hiring managers, consciously or not, prefer to hire people who look like them, an AI trained with hiring data from such managers will likely learn to mimic that bias (and keep those managers happy).

If the organization wants to reduce bias, it may have to make an effort to expand the AI training data or even run experimentsfor example, adding candidates from historically black colleges and universities who might not have been considered beforeto gather the data needed to train an unbiased AI system. Then, if biased managers are still in charge of decision-making, the new, unbiased AI could actually antagonistically motivate them to read all of the applications so they can still make a case for hiring the person who looks like them.

But since this doesnt help the owner achieve the goal of eliminating bias in hiring, another option is to design the organization so that the AI can overrule the manager, which will have another unintended consequence: an unmotivated manager.

These are the tradeoffs that were trying to illuminate, Athey says. AI in principle can solve some of these biases, but if you want it to work well, you have to be careful about how you train the AI and how you maintain motivation for the human.

As AI is adopted in more and more contexts, it will change the way organizations function. Firms and other organizations will need to think differently about organizational design, worker incentives, how well the decisions by workers and AI are aligned with the goals of the firm, and whether an investment in training data to improve AI quality will have desirable consequences, Athey says. Theoretical models can help organizations think through the interactions among all of these choices.

This piece was originally published by the Stanford University Graduate School of Business.

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Why organizations might want to design and train less-than-perfect AI - Fast Company

How AI is helping in the fight against coronavirus and cybercrime – Software Testing News

Matt Walmsley is an EMEA Director at Vectra, a cybersecurity company providing an AI-based network detection and response solution for cloud, SaaS, data centre and enterprise infrastructures.

With the spread of the Coronavirus, cybercriminals have gained more power and become more dangerous, leaving some IT infrastructures at risks. That is why Vectra is offering the use of AI to protect the data centre and specifically, cybersecurity powered by AI to help secure data centres and protect an organisations network.

In this interview, Matt explains why data centres represent such a valuable target for cybercriminals and how, despite the vast security measures put in place by enterprises, they are able to infiltrate a data centre system. He also explains the storyline of an attack targeting data centres and how cybersecurity powered by AI can help the security teams to detect anomalous behaviours before its too late.

Whats your current role?

Im an EMEA Director at Vectra. Ive been here for five years since we started the business, and Im predominately doing thought leadership, technical marketing and communicating information. I spent most of my time thinking about how we put AI to use in the pursuit of, in our case, cybersecurity and a big part of that is cloud and data centre.

To get into the core of what you do, you talk about cloud, data centres and AI, but which one is the core driver of all of those for your business?Which types of devices are the Vectra AI you use, integrated into and in what sectors is it applied within?

Our perspectives on this as experts of cybersecurity and AI is a culmination of those two practices: machine learning and applying it to cybersecurity user cases. So, were using it in an applied manner, i.e. to solve a particular set of complex tasks. In fact, if you look at the way AI is used in the majority of cases today, its used in a focused manner to do a specific set of tasks.

In cybersecurity practice, using AI to hunt and detect advanced attackers that are active inside the cloud, inside your data, inside your network, its really doing things at scale and speed that human beings just arent able to do. In doing so, cybersecurity is like a healthcare issue, if we find an issue early and resolve it early, well have a far more positive outcome, than if we left it festering, and theres nothing to be done. Its just the same as cybersecurity.

You talk a lot about the rapid ability of it to scale to bigger projects, in relation to your work, do you see AI as a way to solve problems in the future, or do you think theres a long way to go with it? Is AI the future? Or do you think humans managing AI is the future?

AI is becoming an increasingly important part of our lives. In cybersecurity practice, its going to be a fundamental set of tools but it wont replace human beings. Nobodys building a Skynet for cybersecurity, that sorts it all out and turns the table back on us. What were doing is building tools at size and scales to do tasks that humans beings cant do. So its really about augmenting human ability in the context of cybersecurity, and for us, its a touchstone of our business and a fundamental building block for cybersecurity operations now and in the future.

Theres a massive skills gap in our industry, so automating some cybersecurity tasks with AI is actually a very rational solution to fixing the immediate massive skills resource gap. But it can also do things humans cant do. Its not just taking the weight off your shoulders, its going to do things like spotting the really really weak signals of threat actor hiding in an encrypted web session. Its impossible to do that by hand, to do it looking at the packets, the bits of bytes, you need a deep neural net, that can look at really subtle temporal changes. AI does it faster and broader and it does things we are just not capable of doing at the same level of competency.

Its optimistic that its going to have such a dramatic effect on our working process. In terms of Data centres, how is AI working to protect data centres?

The data centres change and Im sure, as youve seen, its becoming increasingly hybrid. Theres more stuff going out to the cloud, even though people still have private data centres and clouds. One of the main challenges that a security team has with a data centre is that, as workloads are increased, moved, or mobile or flexed, its really hard to know about it.

As security experts usually have incomplete information, they wont know which VM you have just sped up or what its running. They dont know all of those things and they are meant to be agile for the business but that agility comes with a kind of information cost. I have imperfect information, I never quite know what Ive got.

Ill give you an example: I was at a very large international financial services provider and I was talking to their CCO. He had their cloud provider in and he told me where we are at with licensing and usage. What he thought he had to cover and what the business actually had was about ten times off. So there was ten times more workload out there than he and his security team even knew about.

So how can AI help us with that?

Well, if we integrate AI and allow it to monitor virtual conversations, it can automatically watch and use past observations spot, new workloads that are coming in there and how they are interacting with other entities. Its those behaviours that are the signal that tells the AI to look and find attackers. So its not about putting software in its workload, just monitoring how it works with other devices.

In doing so, we can then quickly tell the security team: here are all the workloads were seeing, here are the ones with behaviours that are consistent with active attackers and then we can score and prioritise them. What were doing is automating and monitoring the attacker for behaviours, so as a security team youre getting more signals, more noise and less ambiguity. Its not just headlined Malware or exploits, which are the ways people get into systems.

What else do you see in threat actor events?

Exactly what happens next in an advanced attack. An advanced attack can play out in days, weeks, months The attacker has got to get inside, hes had to get a credential, had to exploit a user, hes got to do research and reconnaissance, hes going to move around the environment, hes going to escalate. We call that lateral movement then hell make a play for the digital jewels, which could be in the data centre or in the cloud.

So, if you can spot those behaviours that are consistent with an attacker, youve got multiple opportunities to find an attacker in the life cycle of the attack. Just to use that healthcare analogy again, find it early and it will much better and faster to close it down. If you find them when they are running for the default gateway with a big chunk of data doing a big infiltration, you are almost breached and thats a bit too late.

Using AI, basically, is like being the drone in the sky looking over the totality of the digital enterprise and using the individual devices and how the accounts are talking to each other, looking for the very subtle, hard to spot for robust signs of the attackers and thats what were doing. I can see why AI speeds that up efficiently.

Is there a specific method or security process that Vectras cybersecurity software implements, to help protect mass data centres?

Thats quite an insightful question because not all AI is. Built the same AI, is quite a nebulous term. It doesnt tell you what algorithmic approach people are taking. I cant give you a definitive answer for a definitive technology but I can give you a methodology.

The methodology starts with the understanding that the attacker must manifest. If I got inside your organisation and I want to scan and look for devices, there are only so many techniques available for me to do that. Thats behaviour and we have tools and the protocols, to spot that. So, we can see how can we spot the malicious use of those legitimate tool or procedures, these TTPs.

How does that whole process start?

That starts with a security research team, to look for the evidence that attackers do use these behaviours, because it may be a premise, it may not be accurate, once weve done that we bring a data scientist to come in and work with this team.

So, lets find some examples of this behaviour attacker, of this behaviour manifesting in a benign way, as an attacker, in a malicious way and lets look at some regular no good data. The data scientist looks at that data, does a lot of analysis and tries to understand it. They look at the attributes, what they call a feature, and what are the feature selections. I might find it useful to build a model to find this and there are various ways you can look at data and separate the customers infrastructure and all of the different structure inside it. Then theyll go off and build a model and theyll train it with the data. Once weve got it to an effective level and performance and were happy with it, we release into our incognito NDR, network detection platform, and that goes off and looks for individual behaviour.

Remote Desktop Protocol, RDP, recon will be completely different from the thing thats looking for hidden https command and ctrl behaviours. So, it has different behaviours and data structures and different algorithmic approaches. However, some of those attacks manifest in the same way in everybodys network. We can pre-train those algorithms.

Are they aware of those behaviours?

Yes. Its like a big school, Its got its certification, its ready to go, as soon as you turn it on. Theres no concept of what it has to learn anything else, its already trained, it knows what to look for, its a complex job but weve already trained it.

But there are some things that we could never in advance. For example, Ill never know how your data centre is architected, what the IP ranges are, theres no way of me knowing it in advance and theres a lot of things we can only earn through observation.

So, we call that an unsupervised model and we blend these techniques. Some of them are supervised, some are unsupervised, some of them use recursive really deep neural networks. When its really challenging when were looking into a data problem, we just cant figure it out, what are the attributes? What are the features? We know its in there.

But what is it?

We cant figure it out. We are going to get a neural net to do that for themselves, once again doing things at a scale human could not do in an effective way. Weve got thirty patents pending now, we are rewarded on different algorithms that build they are brains that we built that does that monitoring and detection.

Do you think there are any precautions people should take to avoid cybercrime during coronavirus?

Our piece of the security puzzle is: how do I find someone who already penetrated my organisation in a quick manner, so were not the technology that stops known threats coming in? You might think of healthcare who adopted this really quickly. Healthcare, the WHO, recently called out a massive spike in COVID related phishing.

Thats the threat landscape, thats whats happening out there, thats what the threat actors are doing. We are actually inside healthcare and we did not see a particularly large spike in post intrusion behaviour, so we did not see evidence that more attackers were getting into these organisations, they all had done a reasonable job in keeping the wolf from the door.

But what we did see, because we were watching everything, were changes in how users were working. We saw a rapid pivot to using external services, generally services are associated with cloud adoption, particularly around collaboration tools and we saw a lot of data moving out of those, that created compliance challenges.

What do you mean?

Sensitive data suddenly being sent to a third party. Thats not to beret health organisation during a really challenging time but their priorities were obviously making sure clinical services were delivered but in doing so, they also opened up the attack surface where the potential for attackers to get was in increased.

Its important to maintain visibility so you can understand your attack surface, and you can then put in the appropriate procedures and policy and controls to minimise your risk there.

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How AI is helping in the fight against coronavirus and cybercrime - Software Testing News

Is China Winning the AI Race? by Eric Schmidt & Graham Allison – Project Syndicate

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the capabilities of the United States and China to deploy artificial intelligence in solving real-world problems. While America's performance hasn't exactly inspired confidence, it maintains some important competitive advantages.

CAMBRIDGE COVID-19 has become a severe stress test for countries around the world. From supply-chain management and health-care capacity to regulatory reform and economic stimulus, the pandemic has mercilessly punished governments that did not or could not adapt quickly.

The virus has also pulled back the curtain on one of this centurys most important contests: the rivalry between the United States and China for supremacy in artificial intelligence (AI). The scene that has been revealed should alarm Americans. China is not just on a trajectory to overtake the US; it is already surpassing US capabilities where it matters most.

Most Americans assume that their countrys lead in advanced technologies is unassailable. And many in the US national-security community insist that China can never be more than a near-peer competitor in AI. In fact, China is already a full-spectrum peer competitor in terms of both commercial and national-security AI applications. China is not just trying to master AI; it is mastering AI.

The pandemic has offered a revealing early test of each countrys ability to mobilize AI at scale in response to a national-security threat. In the US, President Donald Trumps administration claims that it deployed cutting-edge technology as part of its declared war on the coronavirus. But, for the most part, AI-related technologies have been used mainly as buzzwords.

Not so in China. To stop the spread of the virus, China locked down the entire population of Hubei province 60 million people. That is more than the number of residents in every state on the US East Coast from Florida to Maine. China maintained this massive cordon sanitaire by using AI-enhanced algorithms to track residents movements and scale up testing capabilities while massive new health-care facilities were being built.

The COVID-19 outbreak coincided with the Chinese New Year, a high-travel period. But top Chinese tech companies responded quickly by creating apps with health status codes to track citizens movements and determine whether individuals needed to be quarantined. AI then played a critical role in helping Chinese authorities enforce quarantines and perform extensive contract tracing. Owing to Chinas large-scale datasets, the authorities in Beijing succeeded where the government in Washington, DC, failed.

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Over the past decade, Chinas advantages in size, data collection, and strategic determination have allowed it to close the gap with Americas AI industry. Chinas edge begins with its population of 1.4 billion, which affords an unparalleled pool of talent, the largest domestic market in the world, and a massive volume of data collected by companies and government in a political system that always places security before privacy. Because a primary asset in applying AI is the quantity of high-quality data, China has emerged as the Saudi Arabia of the twenty-first centurys most valuable commodity.

In the context of the pandemic, Chinas ability and willingness to deploy these technologies for strategic value has strengthened its hard power. Like it or not, real wars in the future will be AI-driven. As Joseph Dunford, then the Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff, put it in 2018, Whoever has the competitive advantage in artificial intelligence and can field systems informed by artificial intelligence, could very well have an overall competitive advantage.

Is China destined to win the AI race? With a population four times the size of the US, there is no question that it will have the largest domestic market for AI applications, as well as many times more data and computer scientists. And because Chinas government has made AI mastery a first-order priority, it is understandable why some in the US would be pessimistic.

Nonetheless, we believe that the US can still compete and win in this critical domain but only if Americans wake up to the challenge. The first step is to recognize that the US faces a serious competitor in a contest that will help to decide the future. The US cannot hope to be the biggest, but it can be the smartest. In pursuing the most advanced technologies, it is arguably the brightest 0.0001% of individuals who make the decisive difference. While China can mobilize 1.5 billion Chinese speakers, the US can recruit and leverage talent from all 7.7 billion people on Earth, because it is an open, democratic society.

Moreover, while competing vigorously to sustain the US lead in AI, we also must acknowledge the necessity of cooperation in areas where neither the US nor China can secure its own minimum vital national interests without the others help. COVID-19 is a case in point. The pandemic threatens all countries national interests, and neither the US nor China can resolve it alone. In developing and widely deploying a vaccine, some degree of cooperation is essential, and it is worth considering whether a similar principle applies to the unconstrained development of AI.

The idea that countries could compete ruthlessly and cooperate intensely at the same time may sound like a contradiction. But in the world of business, this is par for the course. Apple and Samsung are intense competitors in the global smartphone market, and yet Samsung is also the largest supplier of iPhone parts. Even if AI and other cutting-edge technologies suggest a zero-sum competition between the US and China, coexistence is still possible. It may be uncomfortable, but it is better than co-destruction.

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Is China Winning the AI Race? by Eric Schmidt & Graham Allison - Project Syndicate