We have a beautiful beach: Myrtle Beach officials remind vacationers of beach rules – ABC27

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

MYRTLE BEACH, SC (WBTW) Even amid the COVID-19 pandemic, youll find many beach-goers putting their toes in the sand and surfing in the waters of Myrtle Beach.

But, theres some rules youll need to follow if you plan taking a trip to Myrtle Beach in the near future.

People from all over the country come to Myrtle Beach. The beach is just really fun, said beach-goer Noah Brunty. With little kids, they can go boogie board, run around, whatever, like, Ive always had fun making sandcastles and stuff, and also, when youre older its cool to like come and relax and everything.

Before you go, theres some rules that are in place, and it starts with fireworks.

Theyre not only illegal, but theyre also very frustrating for people that live here and who are visiting here, and we get a lot of reports of fireworks going off at 2 or 3 oclock in the morning, and thats just completely unacceptable, said Myrtle Beach Police Department Public Information Officer Cpl. Tom Vest.

Alcohol isnt allowed either, no matter what container its in, and the City of Myrtle Beach details its leash law policy on its website.

And as far as the COVID-19 pandemic goes, Cpl. Vest says theyre continuing to encourage everyone to follow safe practices.

We have a beautiful beach, its a beautiful place. We want everybody to come here, be safe, have fun and obey our laws, he said.

And for those whove been coming to Myrtle Beach their entire lives, its a great place to pick for a vacation.

If youre looking for a beach to come to thats still like a nice city also, and has the best quality beach and has the best selection of restaurants of any beach town in South Carolina that Ive been to, then here is like where youre going to want to be, said vacation homeowner Charles Hodgson.

Travel/Beach Restrictions: Heres what you need to know for RI, Mass. – WPRI.com

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

In a typical summer, Rhode Island and Massachusetts are popular tourist destinations, and a big reason for that is their miles of beautiful coastline and beaches.

But this year, due to the ongoing pandemic, both states have a number of restrictions in place in order to reduce the spread of the virus that causes COVID-19.

Heres a breakdown of the rules and regulations currently in place in both states:

Rhode Island

When Phase 3 began at the end of June, Gov. Gina Raimondo put new travel restrictions in place, which included a mandatory 14-day quarantine for anyone coming into Rhode Island from a state with a positivity rate of 5% or higher. A running list of those states can be found here, which is updated weekly and currently consists of 32 states and Puerto Rico.

Anyone who can show theyve tested negative for COVID-19 within 72 hours is exempt. Travelers, even if asymptomatic, can sign up for a free test here.

If you get tested after entering Rhode Island, the state asks that you quarantine until you receive your results.

Starting on Sunday, anyone from those states who checks in at a hotel or rental property will need to sign a certificate of compliance stating they have had a negative test result or intend to quarantine.

The following people are also exempt from the restrictions, according to Raimondos office:

As of August 4, Rhode Islanders are no longer exempt from the travel orders in place in Massachusetts, Connecticut, New York and New Jersey due to increases in the states positive test rate and cases per 100,000.

Massachusetts

Beginning August 1, anyone entering Massachusetts (visitors and returning residents alike) from a state considered high-risk for COVID-19 has to fill out a travel form and self-quarantine for 14 days or produce a negative test result.

Those found to be in violation of the order could be fined $500 per day.

There are exemptions, which include people traveling from one of six lower-risk states most of New England, New York, New Jersey and Hawaii along with people commuting to work or school, people receiving specialized medical treatment, and military personnel.

However, workers or students who travel out-of-state for personal or leisure reasons cannot rely on that exemption, according to Massachusetts officials.

Rhode Island was removed from that list on Tuesday, August 4, due to increases in the states positive test rate and cases per 100,000.

To be considered lower-risk, a states average daily cases must be below six per 100,000 people and the positive test rate has to be below 5%. The Mass. Department of Public Health will continue to update the list based on public health data.

VisitMass.govor text MATraveler to 888-777 for more information.

Rhode Island

The parking lots at state beaches are currently limited to 75% capacity with the exception of Misquamicut and Scarborough, which are capped at 25% due to recurring reports of overcrowding.

Real-time parking information is posted on RIParks.com.

Related: Ocean, Bay & Beach Forecast and other Resources

Beachgoers must maintain at least six feet of distance from other household groups, which should be limited to 15 people.

Visitors should also have a face covering handy and wear it when in the vicinity of others, such as in the restrooms or at the snack bar.

And if you feel sick stay home.

Massachusetts

All state beaches are open to the public but may have reduced parking areas to limit crowds.

Beach blanket groups should be no larger than 10 people and spaced at least 12 feet apart, while visitors are required to maintain at least 6 feet of distance between other beachgoers.

Picnic areas should be closed if adequate social distancing cannot be maintained, and shuttle services to the beach may operate at 50% capacity.

Face coverings are required but should not be worn while swimming.

Stay Informed | Coronavirus Updates

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Travel/Beach Restrictions: Heres what you need to know for RI, Mass. - WPRI.com

Isaias destroys outdoor venue at Long Beach Islands Surflight Theatre – WHYY

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Fierce winds from Tropical Storm Isaias destroyed the outdoor venue at Long Beach Islands Surflight Theatre.

Already reeling from the coronavirus, forcing the Beach Haven theater to hold performances outdoors, the cyclone added insult to injury as it barreled through Long Beach Island, where a 109-mph wind gust was reported by the National Weather Service late Tuesday morning.

The Surflight Theatre announced the news on its Facebook page, and the Ocean Professional Theatre Co., the nonprofit organization that operates the Surflight Theatre, described the destruction in a GoFundMe fundraiser.

A successful inventive outdoor season was well underway, with the musical Cabaret just having closed, many childrens theatre shows having played, (and) Frozen Jr. and Mamma Mia about to open, a statement read.

The gale force winds did them in by destroying their outdoor tent, collapsing entirely the venue, stage, props and the electric light and sound equipment, it continued.

The statement said the theater, in its 71st season, is hoping to undertake repairs and reopen the outdoor venue this week.

A phone call requesting comment from a Surflight Theatre representative was not immediately returned.

Isaias destroys outdoor venue at Long Beach Islands Surflight Theatre - WHYY

A day in the life of the newly opened SF Bay trail at Albany Beach – Berkeleyside

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Last month, the East Bay Regional Park District celebrated the completion of the Albany Beach and SF Bay Trail Project. Even before the official opening, many local residents had already discovered the beautiful new shorefront trail, which is open to walkers and cyclists.

Berkeleyside sent contributing photographer Pete Rosos and intern Jerome Paulos to document the new trail segment and bridge, the magnificent views it provides, and the people who are enjoying using it.

The $18.9 million project included restoration of the Albany Neck shoreline and trail improvements, beach habitat and public access improvements at Albany Beach, including a new shoreline staging area with parking, walking trails, picnic tables and restrooms; and one mile of new segment of the San Francisco Bay Trail along the waterfront. By removing a major gap this new section has created 18 miles of continuous Bay Trail running from Oakland to Richmond.

Getting the project done was not without its obstacles, according to EBRD, who said a two-year effort by the park district and local community included having to challenge right-of-way negotiations with Golden Gate Fields, navigate tricky design and engineering issues, undergo a lengthy environmental permitting process, as well as find the funding to underwrite it.

Access the trail from the Albany Beach trailhead, via Buchanan Street. Tracey Taylor

Originally posted here:

A day in the life of the newly opened SF Bay trail at Albany Beach - Berkeleyside

Boss Of The Beach TV Series Based On New York Magazine Article In Works By Darren Aronofsky & Searchlight TV – Deadline

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

EXCLUSIVE: In a competitive situation with 10 bidders, Searchlight Television, along with Darren Aronofsky and his Protozoa Pictures, have won the television rights to David Gauvey Herberts New York Magazine article Boss of The Beach for series development.

Search is underway for a writer to pen the adaptation, which Herbert will executive produce.

Herberts June 23, 2020 article, published in New York Magazines Intelligencer, chronicles the hopes, dreams and scandals of the New York City lifeguard corps over the last 40 years. The article has a particular focus on the tumultuous career of Peter Stein, who has run the NYC lifeguard corps for four decades.

Herbert writes about crime, subcultures, and general weirdness for New York Magazine and Bloomberg Businessweek, among other publications. He is also a two-time grant winner from the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting. He previously covered foreign policy as a staff writer at the National Journal in Washington, DC.

At Searchlight TV, the project is overseen by Gina Kwon, head of TV development and production; and Danny Samit, VP of TV development. For the company, the rights deal was made Jennifer Gonsky, head of business affairs.

Herbert was repped in the deal by UTA. Aronofsky is repped by CAA.

Excerpt from:

Boss Of The Beach TV Series Based On New York Magazine Article In Works By Darren Aronofsky & Searchlight TV - Deadline

Jersey Shore businesses dealt devastating blow as power wiped out on all of LBI – NJ.com

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

It was a welcome sign that no beach-goer headed to Long Beach Island for a summer vacation wants to see.

Power out to the entire island.

Hours after Tropical Storm Isaias barreled through the New Jersey, LBI restaurant owner Mike Batista was faced with the unknown whether or not his power would come back on before he would be forced to toss his inventory of fresh seafood at his two restaurants, Packaged Goods Oyster Bar and The Marlin Restaurant & Bar.

Tuesdays storm spawned two tornadoes including one in Barnegat Township, just off the island and took down trees and power lines across the state leaving 1.4 million without power and no real estimates on how quickly it would return. It also dealt another devastating blow to business owners along the Jersey Shore.

Once the power comes on, Batista said hed still have to wait for a whole new set of the deliveries, a process that takes almost another day and a half.

It is bad because a weekend in August is like a months worth of revenue for us, he said.

It is devastating but it was devastating before we were not allowed inside, Batista added. We were doing only curbside and some takeout business and its very, very difficult. ... There are going to be a lot of people that do not make it.

Relators, Matt Kulinski, Lisa Dandrow, and Kristen Giuliano, from the G. Anderson agency in Haven Beach wait outside for customers the day after Long Beach Island lost power from Tropical Storm Isaias, Wednesday, Aug. 5, 2020.Tim Hawk | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com

Sitting outside in beach chairs where they could catch a cool breeze, real estate agents Matt Kulinski, Lisa Dandrow, and Kristen Giuliano from the G. Anderson agency in Beach Haven were waiting for the power to return. August is one of the busiest rental months for the agency, and the lack of electricity was impacting business.

We cant get phone calls, Kulinski said. Thats why we are here just in case. We had a couple of people check out already because they just wanted to go home. We are also here just in case any tenants or owners who happen to be down here need to get ahold of us.

The three said that while there was not a lot of rain associated with the storm, the wind played a heavy role. Some tenants and owners reported damages to houses, a couple broken windows, patio furniture, and barbecue grills.

Usually if we lost power, which we do from time to time, its back on within an hour or two, Kulinski said. I have been here for 20 years, and short of Sandy, Ive never seen a storm knock out power for as long as it has, especially in this time of year.

A family from Connecticut relaxes by the pool at The Engleside Inn and Restaurant the day after Long Beach Island lost power from Tropical Storm Isaias, Wednesday, Aug. 5, 2020. The Inn was running off a generator. Tim Hawk | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com

Some who didnt have power were seeking refuge at local hotels that had generators, like the Engleside Inn.

The lodging location, as well as the adjacent pool and bar, has been able to continue to operate because of a generator that takes 500 gallons of diesel fuel. Tuesday night alone, they used more than 280 gallons.

Were fortunate that we actually have a generator, so we have a good backup system that allows the property to function normally provided we have fuel, which we do, manager Michael Smith said. Being also that were open year-round, and weve been in the COVID operating circumstances now for four months. Everyone is pretty used to it.

He said some guests were actually happy to be able to escape their house.

Staff, cast and volunteers of the Surflight Theater in Beach Haven rebuild the back of set the day after Tropical Storm Isaias destroyed the theater's outdoor venue, Wednesday, Aug. 5, 2020.Tim Hawk | NJ Advance Media for NJ.com

Elsewhere on the island, Steve Steiner wasnt so happy. The producing artistic director of Beach Havens Surflight Theater said the company was already in a rough spot this summer.

Unfortunately, just in lost revenue with the shows that have to be canceled, we are going to lose at least between $10,000 to $12,000, he said.

Then on Tuesday, he watched from his office as 90 mph winds battered the island, taking down a tented outdoor stage that the theater company had set up to host performances this summer in accordance with coronavirus restrictions. A GoFundMe page was set up to help the theater group raise money to recoup its losses.

But he was optimistic that power would be back on by Wednesday and the show would still go on. On Wednesday, the stage was being rebuilt with the help of volunteers.

If that is the case, then we will have our childrens show at six oclock and Mamma Mia at 8:30, so things are ready to go.

Thank you for relying on us to provide the journalism you can trust. Please consider supporting NJ.com with a voluntary subscription. Tell us your coronavirus story or send a tip here.

Chris Franklin may be reached at cfranklin@njadvancemedia.com.

Tim Hawk may be reached at thawk@njadvancemedia.com.

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Jersey Shore businesses dealt devastating blow as power wiped out on all of LBI - NJ.com

All of Long Beach Island Remains Without Power – TAPinto.net

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

LONG BEACH ISLAND - As of 11:45 a.m. Wednesday, all of Long Beach Island remains without power. Atlantic City Electric is reporting that someof LBI might not regain power until 11 p.m. Saturday.

However, the outage map reported that Ocean Acres residents without power would not be restored until Saturday at 11 p.m. Last evening and early morning just about all of Ocean Acres and Stafford Township residents regained power.

So here is to hoping that the wait for our residents and vacationers on the Island will receive quicker relief.

Our newsletter delivers the local news that you can trust.

You have successfully signed up for the TAPinto Stafford/LBI Newsletter.

The Atlantic City Electric outage map can be accessed here.

Atlantic City Electric just posted the following statement on their Facebook page:

Our crews are responding to outages for approx. 72k customers across the region. So far, crews have restored service to more than 117k customers and will continue to work through the day & night until all are restored.

"We will continue to work around the clock until every customer is restored," said ACE Regional President Gary Stockbridge. "This storm was incredibly destructive, and we will continue to keep our customers informed as we complete our assessments of the damage."

Originally posted here:

All of Long Beach Island Remains Without Power - TAPinto.net

Alki Beach and Don Armeni Boat Launch to be closed at night Thursdays through Sundays – Westside Seattle

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

The rowdy crowds, and overflowing garbage that have seemingly taken over both Alki Beach and the Don Armeni Boat Launch are getting relief. The Seattle Police Department has just shared this announcement:

Parks Department has generously agreed to fund a three-officer detail to support Parks staff in closing Alki Beach and the Don Armeni Boat Ramp at night, starting tomorrow (Thursday), August 6th. The officers will work three hours, from 8-11 pm, every Thursday through Sunday night for the remainder of the summer, until Sunday, September 27th.

We hope that this partnership between SPD and Parks will address some of the issues neighbors have been experiencing with noise, fires, alcohol use, and other parks violations at Alki and Don Armeni.

If you would like to call attention to specific violations that you observe, please call 911 for emergencies or 206-625-5011 for all other issues.

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Alki Beach and Don Armeni Boat Launch to be closed at night Thursdays through Sundays - Westside Seattle

HTG Molecular Diagnostics to Announce Second Quarter 2020 Financial Results and Host Conference Call on Tuesday, August 11 – Stockhouse

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

TUCSON, Ariz., Aug. 05, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- HTG Molecular Diagnostics, Inc. (Nasdaq: HTGM), a diagnostic company whose mission is to advance precision medicine, today announced that it will report its financial results for the second quarter ended June 30, 2020 after the market close on Tuesday, August 11, 2020. Management will also host a conference call with investors to discuss financial results and provide a corporate update at 4:30pm Eastern Time.

About HTG HTG is focused on NGS-based molecular profiling. The company’s proprietary HTG EdgeSeq technology automates complex, highly multiplexed molecular profiling from solid and liquid samples, even when limited in amount. HTG’s customers use its technology to identify biomarkers important for precision medicine, to understand the clinical relevance of these discoveries, and ultimately to identify treatment options. Its mission is to empower precision medicine.

Contact: Ashley R. Robinson LifeSci Advisors, LLC Phone: (617) 430-7577 Email: arr@lifesciadvisors.com

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HTG Molecular Diagnostics to Announce Second Quarter 2020 Financial Results and Host Conference Call on Tuesday, August 11 - Stockhouse

The Era Of Autonomous Army Bots is Here – Forbes

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

When the average person thinks about AI and robots what often comes to mind are post-apocalyptic visions of scary, super-intelligent machines taking over the world, or even the universe. The Terminator movie series is a good reflection of this fear of AI, with the core technology behind the intelligent machines powered by Skynet, referred to as an artificial neural network-based conscious group mind and artificial general superintelligence system. However, the AI of today looks nothing like the worrisome science fiction representation. Rather, AI is performing many tedious and manual tasks and providing value from recognition and conversation systems to predictive analytics pattern matching and autonomous systems.

In that context, the fact that governments and military organizations are investing heavily in AI shouldnt be as much concerning as it is intriguing. The ways that machine learning and AI are being implemented are both mundane from the perspective of enabling humans to do their existing tasks better, and very interesting seeing how machines are being made more intelligent to give humans better understanding and control of the environment around them.

John Fossaceca, APM for AI & ML for Maneuver & Mobility at US Army Research Laboratory (ARL), who spoke at a recent AI in Government event shares some insights as to how AI is being applied on a day-to-day basis as well as where things are heading with autonomous bots and other machines in the US Army.

How is the Army currently leveraging AI?

John Fossaceca: The Army is leveraging AI in many ways, for example in predictive maintenance. AI techniques can help predict when vehicle parts need to be replaced or serviced before the vehicle breaks down. If this can be done well it will save money and increase operational safety. This is being implemented with the Bradley Fighting Vehicle as well as others.

The Army has a vast amount of data and many AI and Machine Learning (AI/ML) techniques require large amounts of data. Some programs that leverage data include Project Maven that consumes data from drones and helps to automate some of the work that analysts do. Project Maven leverages some standard AI tools such as Googles TensorFlow as well as customized tools built internally.

The Army has active ongoing research using AI to enhance autonomous vehicles, electronic warfare and signal intelligence, sensor fusion and augmented reality. AI will improve situational awareness in the battlefield and improve decision-making with programs such as the Joint All-Domain Command & Control (JAD-C2) initiative.

Another area where AI plays a role for the Army is in talent management. The Armys AI Task Force (AITF) has an initiative to use AI

Army Futures Command AI Task Force

to identify the competencies and attributes that lead to successful performance that can then be used to find potential candidates for positions in the Army.

At the Combat Capabilities Development Commands Army Research Laboratory (ARL), Artificial Intelligence is considered to be a primary research area. ARL is the Armys corporate research laboratory and has many initiatives that leverage Artificial Intelligence. For example the essential research program entitled, Artificial Intelligence for Maneuver and Mobility (AIMM) is leading the way for how the Army will imbue the Next Generation Combat Vehicles (NGCV) with the ability to operate off road without the need for being supervised by a soldier with a remote control radio. These next generation intelligent vehicles will be able to reason about specific situations, environmental conditions and make decisions about the best action to take while keeping soldier teammates informed and improving overall situational awareness. There are many other essential research programs (ERPs) at ARL that also leverage AI methods and all of these ERPs are producing innovations that will greatly benefit army operations in the future.

In the near term, the Army is using AI to leverage inputs from multiple sensors in order to build an accurate picture of battlefield threats and speed up the targeting and decision making process in Project Convergence, an initiative led by the Army Futures Command.

What are some challenges in the Army when it comes to AI/ML adoption?

John Fossaceca: Commercial AI relies on vast computing resources and large amount of data including cloud computing reach back when necessary. Battlefield AI, on the other hand, must operate within the constraints of edge devices: Computer processors must be relatively light and small with potentially constrained communication bandwidth under adversarial conditions.

In Army applications often there is either not enough training data or the data is corrupted or noisy. Operational environments tend to be dynamically changing and sometimes unstructured with damaged roads, buildings and infrastructure. There is heterogeneous data from many sources, sometimes this data is deceptive or influenced by adversaries.

Todays AI techniques tend to be brittle and can break down even under ideal operating conditions. These methods are very limited in their ability to reason, especially in real-time. There are some deployed systems that tout AI capabilities that are limited to hard-coded rules and lack the ability to reason and infer from inputs from sensors and other systems and do not provide enhanced situational assessment.

Many of the AI approaches depend on supervised learning (e.g. deep learning) and these techniques create massive models, often with 10 to 100 million parameters learned in a batch-basedmode on powerful computing infrastructures. The Army needs alternatives to these offline and time consuming training methods.

Ultimately, current systems are not able to operate autonomously, and require constanthuman attention, intervention and manual control. Back in 2018 we were looking at learning from feedback where a human observer would simply provide a positive or negative signal to the intelligent agent and we demonstrated that we could drastically reduce the learning time by orders of magnitude. We are extending this research to Learning from Demonstration which Ill discuss soon.

As our research progressed we realized that we need a way to interactand communicate withintelligent agents in a natural way. Beyond just natural dialog and grounding, a lot of issues crop up due to a lack of shared understanding of the world and commonsense reasoning. These shortcomings are being addressed through several research programs in AIMMs second line of effort Context Aware Decision Making.

How is the Army working towards getting their data in a usable state for AI/ML?

John Fossaceca: There are many data collection and labelling initiatives being worked on by the Army and across the DoD preparing data for use by AI algorithms. For example, Project Maven has a lot of videos from military drones. Sometimes labelling is done through crowdsourcing techniques depending on the level of classification. Other initiatives include ARLs work to internally collect data from various locations and with research partners to curate and label data from a variety of terrains. ARL has a Robotics Research Collaboration Campus (R2C2) in Maryland where data is collected and autonomous experiments are conducted.

In addition to project Maven, there are several efforts across the DoD for intelligence analysis using state of the art tools. Many of these projects focus on detecting specific objects in images using deep learning methods and each of these programs requires large amounts of data be cleaned, curated and labelled in order to be useful. These efforts also require an AI pipeline that consists of storage, algorithmic toolkits, computing resources, testing and deployment tools. Often data format standards are developed to ensure consistency between experiments and tests and provide users with a familiar environment. These data repositories need to be cataloged and be accessible to users as well as have useful descriptions of the data contained within them. There are some efforts to standardize this access information across several databases to make it easier for the intelligence community to use.

How is the Army leveraging AI-enabled autonomous vehicles for Maneuver and Mobility?

John Fossaceca: In the Armys Robotic and Autonomous Systems (RAS) strategy, General Daniel B. Allyn, Vice Chief of Staff states, The integration of RAS will help future Army forces, operating as part of Joint teams, to defeat enemy organizations, control terrain, secure populations, and consolidate gains. RAS capabilities will also allow future Army forces to conduct operations consistent with the concept of multi-domain battle, projecting power outward from land into maritime, space, and cyberspace domains to preserve Joint Force freedom of movement and action.

According to the RAS strategy Effective integration of RAS improves U.S. forces ability to maintain overmatch and renders an enemy unable to respond effectively. The Army must pursue RAS capabilities with urgency because adversaries are developing and employing a broad range of advanced RAS technologies as well as employing new tactics to disrupt U.S. military strengths and exploit perceived weaknesses

In order to accomplish the vision laid out in the RAS strategy, autonomous vehicles will need to ensure freedom of maneuver while decreasing risks to soldiers. This will require collaboration between humans and machines that is autonomous. Vehicles will be teammates for soldiers in the battlefield rather than just another piece of equipment. These integrated human-machine teams will allow forces to learn, adapt, fight and win under uncertain situations.

AI is one of the key enablers for these intelligent autonomous systems. These systems will be able to deal with near peer or peer adversaries who can operate at fast speeds by allowing our forces to make decisions more quickly. The Army will also have to contend with the fact that our adversaries will also be using their own autonomous systems. With more autonomy, robotic autonomous systems will be less dependent on communication links that are often unreliable in battlefield conditions due to jamming or capacity issues.

In terms of priorities, the RAS strategy calls for near term improvements in situational awareness and helping to reduce the physical load on soldiers. In the midterm, automated convoy operations will not only help with sustainment but will protect soldiers. In the longer term, autonomous vehicles will execute advanced tactical maneuvers and will increase capabilities within brigade combat teams.

What are some unique environmental challenges that impact the research that goes into autonomous vehicles and equipment?

John Fossaceca: In addition to complex terrain and unstructured environments where the Army operates, the environment often consists of adversaries and these adversaries may be unpredictable. The Army has research that focuses specifically on so-called tactical behaviors, that is, what are the specific formations that the autonomous vehicles should utilize? How can an autonomous vehicle achieve a position of advantage over an adversary? How can an autonomous vehicle operate without being detected by an enemy force? The Army has done research in autonomous subterranean exploration as well as and in order to operationalize autonomy, next generation combat vehicles will need to be able to reason about the possibility of all potential routes, even water crossings.

How does the ARLs research in autonomous vehicles differ from what industry is doing?

John Fossaceca: Often, in Army contexts because large amounts of militarily relevant, labeled data are not available so a very important research area ARL is pursuing are AI algorithms than can learn with far fewer examples than traditional supervised approaches. In concert with these the Army has developed some unsupervised approaches for things like scene segmentation which can use self-labeling methods. However, such methods still require a lot of computing power and it is challenging to do in real-time on the autonomous vehicle. To help address this problem, the Army has several computer scientists who specialize in computer architecture and algorithms to take advanced state of the art methods and make them work within the processor size and power constraints of Army autonomous vehicles.

The Army has unique technical challenges that the commercial sector is not addressing. Autonomous vehicles generally do not operate in an environment that is contested in all domains. Certainly there are people, obstacles and sometimes unexpected events, however, military operations occur in very uncertain environments, complex and dangerous terrains which may be filled with adversaries and other dangers.

The first instantiation of this will be tele-operated and as the Army operates these vehicles, we will learn how to employ robots in the battlefield. This will inform the autonomous behaviors that we need to develop. Ultimately, Next Generation Combat vehicles will have the capability to learn in the field, adapt to the current situation, reason and act effectively in support of the Multi-domain Operations mission.

What is a unique insight into your AI challenges that others might be interested to learn?

John Fossaceca: Recent Army research has found success with deep reinforcement learning techniques that leverage human demonstration and feedback. Newer methods have been successful in greatly reducing the time it takes to train a system on new tasks. Other research that involves learning from human demonstration is showing early promise and utility for battlefield retraining with the potential for real-time learning using limited examples. These techniques appear to allow for transfer learning, that is, learning under one set of conditions and operating under a new set of conditions without the need to for training from scratch.

How does the Army envision the warfighter and battlefield of the future?

John Fossaceca: The Armys vision of the future battlefield will have an unmanned formation several kilometers in advance of a manned formation. One goal is to have the autonomous systems do area and route reconnaissance to find or make contact with the enemy while providing stand off for soldiers.

How important is AI to the Armys vision of the future?

John Fossaceca: AI will be a critical enabler for future success in Multi-domain Operations. According to the former Secretary of the Army and current Secretary of Defense, Mr. Mark Esper, if we can master AI then I think it will just really position us better to make sure we protect the American people. Winning on the future battlefield requires us to act faster than our enemies while placing our troops and resources at a lower risk.Whoever gets there first will maintain a decisive edge on the battlefield for years to come.

The current Secretary of the Army, Mr. Ryan McCarthy has stated that cloud based technologies and capabilities are key in order to maximize AI. Mr. McCarthy wants to see the cloud infrastructure put into place as a driver for AI progress. According to Mr. McCarthy, this will be critical for decision-making in the battlefield.

What is the Armys perspective on ethics and responsible use of AI?

John Fossaceca: The Army and DoD as a whole is concerned with AI Ethics and last October a draft of Recommendations on the Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence. These rules will apply across the U.S. military. The U.S. military will have humans that will be in control of all AI enabled systems.

The Armys AI Task Force has an ethics officer who helps to inform AI ethics policies. Per Secretary of the Army, Mr. Ryan McCarthy, A system can crunch the data very quickly and give you an answer, but it doesnt have context, he said. Only a human being can bring the context to a decision.

What are you doing to get an AI ready workforce and war fighter? Are you providing training and education around AI?

John Fossaceca: ARL and the Army offers many opportunities for students to do internships as well as SMART Scholarships that help students pay for education and in exchange the student will work for the Army for a period of time. ARL also hires new doctoral graduates as PostDocs and brings them in to do cutting edge research. Eventually some of the PostDocs will become employees. Because Artificial Intelligence is key competency area, the Army is increasingly hiring scientists and engineers with this expertise.

What are you doing now to train soldiers to make them more comfortable working alongside autonomous systems and robots?

John Fossaceca: Since the types of autonomous systems we are talking about are still under development, we use simulation in our training environments to help soldiers get comfortable operating with autonomous systems. The Army is early in process but there are some ongoing initiatives such as the Reconfigurable Virtual Collective Trainer (RVCT) including both ground and air platforms that provides the ability to rehearse missions with simulated data.

Many of the training efforts focus on realistic simulations of intelligent semi-autonomous and autonomous systems providing soldiers an immersive training experience. Soldiers train against virtual opponents in this Synthetic Training Environment(STE). These virtual opponents are imbued with intelligent behaviors that have a certain unpredictability to simulate adversaries as well as a reasonable level of cognition based on also leveraging state-of-the-art artificial intelligence with realistic environments.

At the foundational research level, ARL has used soldiers to interact with autonomous prototypes to learn how soldiers speak and what commands they tend to use. This has also help some soldiers learn how autonomous systems behave. In fact, as soldiers train with autonomous systems, they tend to adapt their language over time to more effectively communicate and control such systems.

What AI technologies are you most looking forward to in the coming years?

John Fossaceca: We are making advances in using artificial intelligence for reasoning about the environment and being able to recommend specific courses of action to soldier teammates. This will represent moving beyond narrow AI, where autonomous agents can do very specific tasks well, to being able to adapt to new, never before seen situations. They will determine what actions are possible and the probability of success for each of these actions. This is not general AI, that is, AI that can reason at a level close to human beings. What we envision in the future, is the ability for autonomous systems to do sophisticated reasoning about a given situation, make complex decisions and anticipate what the outcomes might be to ensure mission success.

The Era Of Autonomous Army Bots is Here - Forbes

Enjin Partners with SwissBorg and 8 Game Studios to Usher in the Era of Blockchain-Powered Cross-Game Events – BTCMANAGER

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Gaming is a multi-billion industry, and the Enjin Network, with its 20 million registered users, holds a warm place in the heart of many gamers.

Enjin now also provides a blockchain development ecosystem that studios can use to build next-generation games that are powered by blockchain economies. As part of a long-term initiative to create a blockchain-powered games market, Enjin has announced an initiative with SwissBorg and eight other studios.

The deal also saw Enjin Coin (ENJ) added to the SwissBorg Wealth App, which means it is available with 17 fiat gateways accessible in over 100 countries.

Cloud computing has given creators and players god-like powers. It has opened possibilities that are perpetually changing the games industry on a day-to-day basis. Gaming environments are becoming indistinguishable from the real world, and events are scaling out to colossal proportions.

Perhaps emboldened by the industrys thirst for innovation, Enjins developer-friendly tools enable studios to build real-world economies to match the visual realism that can already be experienced within their games.

By partnering with SwissBorg, studios can easily access the Enjin Coin needed to make powerful blockchain assets using the Enjin Platform; gamers can use that Enjin Coin to buy and sell those assets via the Enjin Marketplace; and both gamers and developers can turn their ENJ earnings back into fiat using the SwissBorg Wealth App.

As the preferred blockchain gaming platform, Enjins solutions are built to break through walled gardens and create a more open and decentralized internet.

Enjin first launched the concept of the gaming multiverse in 2018. Since then over 30 games have joined their ranks, many of which are playable right now.

The launch of the multiverse unshackled the creativity of many game developers and sparked future plans to create a quest that spans through an array of games. They named it the Multiverse Quest.

When it launches, the grand prize for Enjins Multiverse Quest will be the Monolith a prized blockchain asset infused with 1,155,777 ENJ (or $200,000 at spot rates). When the time comes, it will be the ultimate reward for finishing the Multiverse Quest.

In preparation for this event, Enjin has teamed up with SwissBorg and eight gaming studios to create a prototype for cross-game events, called Cyborgs Quest.

Cyborgs quest emulates Ready Player Ones cross-game storyline, a movie based on Steven Spielbergs masterpiece that grossed $500 million.

Cyborgs Quest enables players searching for life-changing fortune, a chance to compete for a prize pool valued at over $50,000, including SwissBorg Premium Account tokens, Frozen ENJ, and SwissBorg-branded gaming items that can be used in three games.

All prizes will be in ERC-1155 assets, tradable on the Enjin Marketplace.

Players of Cyborgs Quest will journey through a total of eight blockchain games, split into two chapters, the first phase beginning on August 3, 2020.

Enjins goal when building this quest was to create a decentralized, real-life interpretation of Ready Player Ones cross-game voyage.

If successful, this event could have far-reaching implications for a games market that serves 2.7 billion players.

Cross-game events are likely to be an experience gamers enjoy regularly and Enjin has proven that blockchain makes it far more feasible.To join the quest, sign up to be notified at enj.in/cyborg-quest.

Earlier this month, BTCManager also reported Enjin Coins (ENJ) addition to Aaves DeFi Protocol. This move will also help bring DeFi to the $153.9 billion gaming market.

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Enjin Partners with SwissBorg and 8 Game Studios to Usher in the Era of Blockchain-Powered Cross-Game Events - BTCMANAGER

Here are the 7 social sins that Trump supporters can’t stop committing – LGBTQ Nation

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Pope Gregory I, in 590 C.E. released a list of the Seven Deadly Sins lust, gluttony, greed, sloth, wrath, envy, and pride to keep Catholics from straying off the path toward God.

An Anglican priest, Frederick Lewis Donaldson, first uttered what he referred to as 7 Deadly Social Evils in a sermon delivered in Westminster Abbey on March 20, 1925.

Related: The social construction of race: Placing Trumps white nationalism in context

These sins were:

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi renamed this as the 7 Social Sins and popularized the list for a modern audience in his weekly newspaper Young India on October 22, 1925.

Gandhi published the 7 Social Sins without commentary except that it was given to him by a fair friend and this line:

Naturally, the friend does not want the readers to know these things merely through the intellect but to know them through the heart so as to avoid them.

Unlike the Catholic Churchs list, which was meant as a compact between Christians and their God, Gandhis intent in promoting the list focused on the conduct of the individual within society. Gandhi who preached and practiced non-violence and the interdependence of every individual warned that these 7 Social Sins give examples of selfishness, egoism, and greed winning over the common good.

Gandhi presented the list on a slip of paper to his fifth grandson, Arun Gandhi, in 1947 saying that it contained the seven blunders that human society commits, and that causes all the violence. That was the last day grandfather and grandson would ever meet. Three months later, an assassin murdered Mohandas Gandhi.

The foundations of the theory of a social contract stand on the premise that people live together in a community with the agreement that establishes moral, ethical, and overarching political rules of behavior between individuals, groups, and their government in the formation of civil society.A violation by any of the signatories individuals, groups, governments jeopardizes the very stability of that progress toward a fully civil society.

Within our current Trumpian age, with all the problems and inequities that abound, these 7 Social Sins in the Gandhian sense can help to assist us in the ways we descended to this level of social dystopia and how to rise from it.

Politics rests on issues of power regarding having control over ones life and influencing others. People and groups holding power in influencing others must follow the axiom that bioethicists and healthcare workers follow: Primum non nocere (First, do no harm).

Mohandas Gandhi believed that politics without truths and values as the basis for actions generates chaos, which ultimately leads to violence. He defined principle as the expression of perfection, and as imperfect beings like us cannot practice perfection, we devise every moment limits of its compromise in practice.

Gandhi wrote, An unjust law is itself a species of violence. However, he did not believe that violence against unjust laws or actions of the state justifies violence, saying,I object to violence because when it appears to do good, the good is only temporary; the evil it does is permanent.

Wealth without Work describes many people and families in U.S.-Americas top economic 1%. And no, Gandhi would not have considered investments as work.

There is nothing intrinsically sinful with inheriting great sums of wealth. Do we, though, as individuals within society have certain responsibilities that come with privilege, unearned as well as earned?

Several extraordinarily privileged individuals and families throughout the generations have signed the social contract by giving of themselves and their material wealth to improve the chances and conditions of people in the world community.

We must ask, however, how much wealth is enough? How much is not enough? In other words, how much is too much when so many have so little?

Pope Francis answered that question in his Evangelii Gaudium:

[S]ome people continue to defend trickle-down theories which assume that economic growth, encouraged by a free market, will inevitably succeed in bringing about greater justice and inclusiveness in the world. This opinion, which has never been confirmed by the facts, expresses a crude and naive trust in the goodness of those wielding economic power and in the sacralized workings of the prevailing economic system.

Researchers have charted cultures as falling along a continuum with several variables, including Individualism versus Collectivism: the degree of support for and emphasis on individual goals versus common or collective goals. Most of these same researchers place the U.S. and many other Western nations on the Individual side of the continuum

Author Ayn Rand contradicts most if not all of Gandhis 7 warnings. She has become the intellectual center for the economic/political/social philosophy of Libertarianism. She constructs a bifurcated world of one-dimensional characters in her novels.

On one side, she presents the self-reliant heroes of industry and banking who wage a noble battle for personal and economic freedom within an unregulated free market capitalist system.

On the other side, she portrays corrupt government bureaucrats who manipulate the economy to justify nationalizing the means of economic production and deliver welfare to the lazy, thereby destroying personal incentive.

Rand bristles against some long-held notions of collectivism. Rather, she argues that individuals are not and should not be their brothers and sisters keepers and personal happiness is paramount.She titled one of her non-fiction books, The Virtue of Selfishness.

Scientia potentia est (or scientia est potentia or also scientia potestas est), a Latin aphorism, meaning knowledge is power is commonly attributed to Sir Francis Bacon, though no known occurrence has been found in his English or Latin writings.

How one uses this power of knowledge often depends on the character (the underlying values and beliefs) of individuals and groups.

The organization, Character Counts, enumerates its 6 Pillars of Character, as core ethical values that transcend cultural, religious and socioeconomic differences. These Pillars are: Trustworthiness, Respect, Responsibility, Fairness, Caring and Citizenship.

Breaking any of these essential pillars seriously jeopardizes the stability of the entire structure, whether that be the family, the group, the culture, the nation, or the world.

Think about the political leaders who contrived justifications to wage war to benefit their own pollical ends (the so-called wag the dog syndrome).

Think of the political leaders who failed to take action, again for their own political ends, on intelligence reports that foreign or domestic actors posed security risks to their nation.

Think of the political leaders who failed to mount a reasonable and sustained defensive strategy to limit and ultimately defeat deadly pandemics, and the enablers and colluders (politicians and media outlets) who refused to speak up and speak out.

Morality includes the values and behaviors of right and wrong, good and bad, and the beliefs and actions on the continuum between the poles.

What has been the result of the innumerable damage fossil fuel companies have perpetrated on the worlds environment by knowing the irreversible harm their products cause? What has been the incalculable number of people the tobacco companies have killed even decades ago as they understood tobaccos destructive health effects?

In our information age, technology has improved the lives of many people in significant ways while connecting the human family as never before on a global scale. Although the possibilities are only limited by our imagination, so too are the dangers for abuse of these technologies by individuals, companies, and nations.

Computer abuse is a form of cyberwarfare, which is the waging of war in cyberspace through the use of electronic means. Individuals, companies, and nations have and continue to sell their snake oil products to unsuspecting and vulnerable populations to embezzle what people have taken a lifetime to accumulate.

Let us look at an example of the notion of science without humanity in the case of race.

Looking back to the historical emergence of the concept of race, critical race theorists remind us that this concept arose concurrently with the advent of European exploration as a justification and rationale for conquest and domination of the globe beginning in the 15th century of the Common Era (CE) and reaching its apex in the early 20th century CE.

Meanwhile, geneticists tell us there is often more variability within a given so-called race of humans than between human races, and that there are no essential genetic markers linked specifically to race. They assert, therefore, that race is socially constructed a historical, scientific, and biological myth. Thus, any of these socially conceived physical racial markers are fictional and are not related with what is beyond or below the surface of the body.

Though biologists and social scientists have proven unequivocally that the concept of race is socially constructed, however, that has not negated the effects (the privileges of some and marginalization and violence against others) on the lives of people.

Now let us briefly take the example of the social construction of sexual orientation.

The first Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-I) (the APA-sponsored and endorsed handbook of mental disorders) published in 1952 listed homosexuality, for example, as a form of sociopathology. The updated 1968 DSM-II described homosexuality as an Ego-Dystonic Disorder, a mental illness in a similar category with schizophrenia and manic-depressive disorder.

By 1973, the American Psychiatric Association had finally changed its designation of homosexuality, now asserting that it does not constitute a disorder: [H]omosexuality per se implies no impairment in judgment, stability, reliability, or general social or vocational capabilities.

The American Psychiatric Association published DSM-III in 1980 listing a diagnosis of gender identity disorder, which the manual imposed upon transgender people. However, the diagnosis has been updated in its DSM-V, published in May 2013. The subcommittee considered its change to gender dysphoria as a more neutral designation, which it views as descriptive rather than diagnostic and pathologizing.

Basically, in the case of the APA, a group of people, primarily men, met together and voted on whether people attracted to their own sex and people who expressed gender diversity would be considered sick or well.

How many people attend their houses of worship on designated occasions without following its basic precepts? How many people talk the talk of their spiritual values, whether within or without an organized religious tradition, without walking the walk?

One cannot truly help to improve the world, to help solve inequitable social, political, and economic conditions without some form of sacrifice, whether that be time and energy, economic resources, and/or truly working to disassemble ones own issues of arrogance, pride, and prejudice.

Gandhi always viewed violence negatively. He identified two forms of violence: Passive and Physical.

Passive violence occurs daily and regularly consciously and unconsciously through inaction, collusion, denial, or other means. Passive violence is the fuel sparking physical violence.

In the context of violence, to Gandhi, one is blessed with the capacity of nonviolence. During physical violence, Gandhi extolled the practice of nonviolence (ahimsa). With nonviolence amid violence (passive and physical) one needs to understand and practice the notion of tapasya (the willingness to self-sacrifice). This self-sacrifice, as Gandhi himself modeled, comes in many forms.

[Not] A Conclusion

The 7 Social Sins serve as a warning for the causes of many of the problems, the inequities, and flaws in our communities, nations, and world. They also can be taken as a menu of sorts for transforming and liberating individuals and nations in getting onto a path of repair.

There is a concept in the Jewish tradition known as Tikkun Olam meaning the transformation, healing, and repairing of the world so that it becomes a more just, peaceful, nurturing, and perfect place.

Let us go out into our lives and practice Tikkun Olam and obliterate the 7 Social Sins. Let us transform and liberate our world.

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Here are the 7 social sins that Trump supporters can't stop committing - LGBTQ Nation

Charlotte Hornets: Where did Michael Jordans first donation go to? – Swarm and Sting

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Charlotte Hornets Michael Jordan. (Photo by Aurelien Meunier/Getty Images)

As the NBA continues with its restart of the season, Charlotte Hornets fans have learned more about Michael Jordans $100 million dollar donation. On Wednesday, Jordan shared details on where the first half of the donation would be going.

According to reports, the first sum of the donation will be going to the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund and the Formerly Incarcerated, Convicted Peoples and Families Movement. These groups will both receive $1 million each.

Jordan also announced that $500,000 would go toBlack Voters Matter. This organization assists in promote voter turnout and get people registered to vote.

On Wednesday, Jordan told the media that he was all in with Jordan Brand, the Jordan Family and our partners, who share a commitment to address the historical inequality that continues to plague Black Communities in the U.S.

These donations come after Jordan made his $100 million dollar pledge back in June. Jordans goal is tosupport social justice, economic justice and education and awareness within the black community.

However, Jordan has continued to be an advocate for his community. His $100 million pledge only comes about ten months after he announced a $1 million dollar donation to assist with Hurricane Relief in the Bahamas.

Following Jordans donation, the Hornets will be looking forward to October, where the team will be able to participate in the NBA Draft. The Hornets will likely be without basketball until December.

This wonderful gesture was the first piece of Michael Jordans plan to give back to the community. Jordan will likely announce more about future donations in the coming months.

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Charlotte Hornets: Where did Michael Jordans first donation go to? - Swarm and Sting

Jordan William Hernandez, 22, graduated from West Brunswick High School – Port City Daily

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

SUPPLY Jordan William Hernandez, 22, died Saturday, Aug. 1, 2020. Jordan was born Dec. 6, 1997, in Brunswick County.

He graduated from West Brunswick High School in 2016 and was pursuing a career in the HVAC industry. Jordan was a member of United Vision Pentecostal Church.

Jordan was preceded in death by a brother, Dalton Hernandez; and grandfathers, Bruce Barnes and Paul Hernandez.

He is survived by his parents, Ronnie and Benita Barnes Hernandez; brother, Christian Joel C.J. Hernandez of the home; sister, Amber Taylor of Wilmington; maternal grandmother, Mary Ann Barnes of Supply; and paternal grandmother, Rosa Hernandez of Riverside, California.

Funeral services will be held at 3 p.m., Thursday, Aug. 6, at United Vision Pentecostal Church with the Rev. Maurice Milligan and Rev. Ricky Hewett officiating. Interment will follow in Lancaster Cemetery. Active pallbearers will be Chad Milligan, Nate Penney, Francis Hearn II, Isaac Barnes, Matthew Barnes and Jonathan Zelkowski. Honorary pallbearers will be Ricky Hewett, Jamie Stone, Ken Mills, Roland Tedder Jr. and Danny Mumford. Jordan will lie in state at the church one hour prior to the service. The family will receive friends at the home. You may view services at White Funeral and Cremation Services Facebook page beginning at 3 p.m., Thursday, Aug. 6.

Share online condolences with the family at White Funeral & Cremation Service.

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Jordan William Hernandez, 22, graduated from West Brunswick High School - Port City Daily

What is Cryptocurrency? A Short Beginner’s Explanation …

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

By: Steven Hay | Last updated: 4/24/20

Cryptocurrencies are the latest evolution of digital money. But what exactly is a cryptocurrency and what are its characteristics? This post explains it all, simply.

Cryptocurrencies are digital coins that arent controlled by a central authority but through a network of equally privileged participants that follow an agreed set of rules. The three ingredients that make a cryptocurrency are: A peer-to-peer (p2p) network, cryptography, and a consensus mechanism.

Thats the definition of a cryptocurrency in a nutshell. For a more detailed definition keep on reading, heres what Ill cover:

The term cryptocurrency is a contraction of cryptographic currency. While a cryptocurrency is a form of digital currency, there are many digital currencies today that arent cryptocurrencies.

For example PayPal, Zynga chip and even our traditional fiat currencies (USD, EUR, etc.) are mostly digital.

In March 2018, Merriam-Webster announced that they would include this term in their dictionary. Their definition is as follows:

cryptocurrency noun cryptocurrency krip-t-kr-n(t)-s , -k-rn(t)-s : any form of currency that only exists digitally, that usually has no central issuing or regulating authority but instead uses a decentralized system to record transactions and manage the issuance of new units, and that relies on cryptography to prevent counterfeiting and fraudulent transactions. First Known Use: 1990

Lets try to break this confusing sentence down to the 3 main ingredients that constitute a cryptocurrency.

Unlike traditional digital currencies, cryptocurrencies dont rely on any central authority to validate or facilitate transactions.

Instead, theres a network of equally privileged participants that validate and update transactions in a shared ledger called a blockchain.

Cryptography is the art of secure communication in a hostile environment. Cryptography is used in cryptocurrencies so peers can communicate securely without the need of a central authority to validate their messages.

Now that we have a group of equally privileged participants that can communicate securely, we need to establish rules for our cryptocurrency. These rules are known as a protocol and they also include a consensus mechanism.

The consensus mechanism is a rule regarding who gets to update our shared ledger of transactions. In Bitcoins case, the mechanism used is called Proof of Work. Different cryptocurrencies use different consensus mechanisms.

If we visit Websters definition again after understanding these core ingredients, you can see that it makes much more sense.

While all cryptocurrencies claim to be decentralized, the truth is far from it. In reality, you have completely decentralized currencies like Bitcoin and centralized cryptocurrencies like stablecoins and Ripple.

Centralized cryptocurrencies are usually issued by a for-profit company that established the cryptocurrencys protocol and also determines who can participate in the network.

A good example would be the upcoming Facebook Libra a coin to be issued by Facebook, that while all participants in the network are equal, the network itself isnt open to everyone.

Centralized cryptocurrencies can be looked upon as an upgraded version of traditional fiat currencies, as they are still prone to all of the risks of centralized management (fraud, negligence, control).

Decentralized cryptocurrencies are usually issued by a non-profit organization. With decentralized cryptocurrencies, the playing grounds are leveled for all to participate.

The classic example for this would be Bitcoin. Anyone in the world can participate in the Bitcoin network, receive funds or become a Bitcoin miner, without the need to request permission.

Truly decentralized cryptocurrencies are completely transparent, open to all and censorship resistant.

Its important to note that while some cryptocurrencies are indeed built as decentralized, they are in fact centralized since not enough people are participating in their network. This makes the decentralized platform effectively controlled by a small number of participants.

The main takeaway here is that true decentralization is a matter of both design and adoption.

One important distinction that needs to be made is the difference between cryptocurrencies and tokens.

Cryptocurrencies are coins that have all of the three ingredients Ive mentioned above, hence creating their own blockchain of transactions.

Token, on the other hand, are a representation of an asset that resides on an already existing blockchain. For example, Tether is an ERC-20 token that uses the Ethereum blockchain to operate.

So tokens can be considered as a sub coin of a certain cryptocurrency that has its own blockchain and has the ability to run code that creates tokens (also known as the ability for smart contracts).

Tokens can start as part of an already existing blockchain and then convert to their own cryptocurrency. For example, EOS started as an ERC-20 token and later on became an independent cryptocurrency.

Tokens can be divided into two main categories utility tokens and security tokens.

Utility tokens are tokens that promise the future use of a product or service. They arent meant to be an investment, they have a utility.

Security tokens, on the other hand, are tokens that represent tradable financial assets, a share or a bond from a company, for example. They are meant to be a form of investment.

Cryptocurrencies use blockchains in order to operate in a decentralized manner. Cryptocurrency is the coin and blockchain is the ledger of transactions that documents the coins transactions.

Another way to describe this is that blockchain is the technology behind cryptocurrencies.

Having said that, a blockchain is, in fact, the cryptocurrency itself as cryptocurrencies are just a record on a ledger (theres no actual physical coin). But for the sake of distinction, people use cryptocurrency to describe the end and blockchain to describe the means to that end.

Cryptocurrencies are the next evolution in digital currencies. Money has come a long way from commodities to coins, paper and finally digital information controlled by a central authority. Today, in its next phase of evolution, money is becoming decentralized through the use of cryptocurrencies.

Its important to distinguish between centralized cryptocurrencies, decentralized cryptocurrencies, and tokens. Hopefully, this guide made the difference clearer.

What are your thoughts about cryptocurrencies? Are they indeed the future of money? Let me know in the comment section below.

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What is Cryptocurrency? A Short Beginner's Explanation ...

Top 10 cryptocurrencies by market capitalisation

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

This article analyses the top 10 cryptocurrencies by market capitalisation.

Beginning with the largest, the top 10 are currently Bitcoin ($BTC), Ethereum ($ETH), XRP ($XRP), Tether ($USDT), Bitcoin Cash ($BCH) , Litecoin ($LTC), EOS ($EOS), Binance Coin ($BNB), Bitcoin SV ($BSV) and Tezos ($XTZ).

There are approximately 5,392 cryptocurrencies being traded with a total market capitalisation of $201bn (as of April 22, 2020).

Our site is packed full of free guides, crypto news, jobs, news about jobs in blockchain technology, cryptocurrency analysis, and lots of features such as women in blockchain. Please take a look at our site and use the search bar at the top of this page to make use of our resources. We have a real passion for helping people understand the world of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology.

As a starting point, here are a few facts about the top 10 cryptocurrencies and some latest news for each one.

In August 2008, the domain name bitcoin.orgwas registered. On October 31st 2008, a paper was published called Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System. This was authored by Satoshi Nakamoto, the inventor of Bitcoin. To date, no one knows who this person, or people, are.

The paper outlined a method of using a peer-to-peer network for electronic transactions without relying on trust. On January 3rd 2009, the Bitcoin network came into existence. Nakamoto mined block number 0 (or the genesis block), which had a reward of 50 Bitcoins.

Ethereum was launched by Vitalik Buterin on July 30th 2015. He was a researcher and programmer working on Bitcoin Magazine, and he initially wrote a white paper in 2013 describing Ethereum. Buterin had proposed that Bitcoin needed a scripting language. He decided to develop a new platform with a more general scripting language when he couldnt get buy-in to his proposal.

The development was funded by an online crowdsale between July and August 2014. The system went live with 11.9 million coins already mined for the crowd sale (about 13% of the total supply in circulation). Following the collapse of The DAO project in 2016, Ethereum was split into two blockchains. The new version became Ethereum and the original blockchain continues as Ethereum Classic.

Ripple is a real-time gross settlement system (RTGS) developed by the Ripple company. It is also referred to as the Ripple Transaction Protocol (RTXP) or Ripple protocol. It can trace its roots to 2004 when a web developer called Ryan Fugger had the idea to create a monetary system that was decentralised and could effectively allow individuals to create their own money.

RipplePay.comwas launched in 2005 to provide a secure payment system for members of an online community via a global network. Jed McCaleb began developing a digital currency system in 2011 in which transactions were verified by consensus among members of the network, rather than by the mining process used by Bitcoin which relies on blockchain ledgers. This new version of the Ripple system was designed to eliminate Bitcoins centralised exchanges, use less electricity than Bitcoin, and perform transactions much more quickly.

Story continues

Ripple was launched in 2012 to facilitate secure, instant global transactions supporting tokens representing fiat currency, cryptocurrency or any unit of value.

The EOS.IO platform was developed by private company block.oneand released as open-source software on June 2nd 2018. One billion tokens were distributed on the Ethereum blockchain by block.one. EOS is based on a white paper published in 2017.

Litecoin was released in October 2011 by Charlie Lee, a former Google employee. It was a fork of Bitcoin with the main difference being a smaller block generation time, increased maximum number of coins and a different script-based algorithm.

Bitcoin Cash was born out of the idea of making Bitcoin more practical for small, day-to-day payments. In May 2017, Bitcoin payments took about four days unless a fee was paid, which was proportionately too large for small transactions. A change to the code was implemented and Bitcoin Cash was born on 1st August 2017.

Tether was issued on the Bitcoin blockchain. In their own words Tether converts cash into digital currency, to anchor or tether the value of the coin to the price of national currencies. So, the value is meant to mirror that of the US dollar and each unit of Tether is backed by $1 held in reserve.

One of the main uses of Tether is to facilitate trading between cryptocurrencies with a rate fixed to the US$ allowing traders to take advantage of trading opportunities.

Stellar was founded in 2014 by Jed McCaleb and Joyce Kim. At launch it was based on the Ripple protocol but the network eventually forked. Stellar is an open source protocol for exchanging money where servers use the internet to connect to and communicate with other Stellar servers, forming a global value exchange network.

The TRON Protocol is pitched as one of the largest blockchain-based operating systems in the world, offering scalable, high availability and high throughput support that underlies all the decentralised applications in the TRON ecosystem.

An ICO campaign took place in September 2017 and raised US$70 million. The coin is called the TRONix (TRX).

To kick the month off weve had an extra $19B enter the market allowing Bitcoin to break past the previous resistance weve seen in 2019 and see all new highs. Bitcoin now is trying to break through major resistance of $6,000 which held for many months during 2018. Weve also seen a large premium on the exchange Bitfinex due to the news around Tether and reserve funds.

To kick the month off weve had an extra $16B enter the market allowing Bitcoin to break past the previous resistance weve seen in 2019. Tron ($TRX) has left the top ten leaderboard and has been replaced with Cardano ($ADA). Tether has dropped a few places this month as the sentiment is generally more bullish and people are taking cash out of Tether to buy back into the market.

This month we see a new entry in the top 10 as Binance Coin enters for the first time ever. Bitcoin SV drops out into the number 11 spot. The remaining top 10 are the same with some changes Ripple and Ethereum have traded positions once again and TRON has dropped two places.

The value of cryptocurrencies has grown this month with the value of the top 10 pushing back over $100bn following last months drop to $97bn.

The top 10 remains unchanged from last month in terms of the cryptocurrencies present, but there has been extensive jockeying for positions. Apart from the ever-present Bitcoin in the number-one spot, all the other cryptos have moved. TRON improved by two positions in the rankings, Stellar Lumens moved down three, and the remaining coins have seen a slight move up or down.

There has been a prolonged bear market in crypto, and the story this month is that from a market cap of $187bn on November 7th, the top 10 cryptocurrencies now have a combined market cap of $97bn. That is a remarkable drop in value over three months.

TRON reenters the top 10 at the expense of Cardano. This months big story is Ethereum regaining the number two spot from Ripple. It was a big story when Ripple became the second largest cryptocurrency by market capitalisation during November:

Ethereums rally is due to the anticipation of a series of upcoming hard forks. Ethereum Classic Vision will be airdropped to Ethereum holders at a ratio of 3:1 on January 11th. The Ethereum Nowa fork, meanwhile, is planned on January 12th:

There has been some minor movement up and down for the remaining top 10.

This month has seen a dramatic fall in values, and there has been a lot of movement in the top 10. Bitcoin SV appears as a new currency and is a new entrant following the Bitcoin Cash fork. Ripple makes it into the number two slot at the expense of Ethereum as the flippening happens. The price crash of the last month has led to changes in the rest of the top 10 with various currencies moving position.

These last two weeks have seen the biggest change in the Top 10 this year. Bitcoin Cash drops out following the Bitcoin Cash fork. Ripple makes it into the number two slot at the expense of Ethereum as the flippening happens. Prices have crashed over the last two weeks. This has led to dramatic changes in the rest of the Top 10 with Tether gaining the most places. TRON makes it back into the Top 10. It has been in the Top 10 this year and is always close but the removal of BCH makes room for it to take the last spot in the Top 10. There is frequent movement in the top 10 as values fluctuate, so expect older currencies to drop out and re-enter the list regularly.

This month sees all the cryptocurrencies remaining fairly stable in terms of market capitalisation. The only currency that has changed significantly is Tether which sees its market cap fall by $1.04bn. This has dropped it from eight to ten in the rankings allowing Cardano and Monero to move up one place each.

This month sees all the cryptocurrencies remaining in the same position in the Top 10. Whilst there is no change in rankings to report, its interesting to note that Ripple actually gained approximately $10bn during the month. Every other currency (except Tether) lost value.

The total value of the top 10 cryptocurrencies (as of 3rd September 2018) is $200.79bn. This is a drop of $27bn compared to the previous month (August). This is a dramatic fall of $80bn since June where the total value stood at the $281bn mark.

This month sees Monero as a new entrant to the Top 10. Tether moves up to number eight whilst IOTA drops out of the Top 10 altogether. All the other cryptocurrencies are in the same spot as last month.

The Top 10 remained the same as Julys. Litecoin dropped from the number six spot to number seven; Stellar Lumens rose from the number eight spot to number six and Cardano dropped one place to number eight.

Themarket capitalisation of the Top 10 cryptocurrencies grew by$4.34bn in a month (August 2018 vs July 2018).

There were 2,041 cryptocurrencies with a total market capitalisation of $253bn.

TRON dropped out of the top 10 into the number 11 spot. It was replaced by Tether.

The market capitalisation of the Top 10 cryptocurrencies fell by $57 billion in a month (July 2018 analysis compared to the June 2018 analysis).

There were 1,894 cryptocurrencies with a total market capitalisation of US$275 bn.

Bitcoin SV came into existence following the Bitcoin Cash chain split on November the 15th 2018. The chain split was caused at two competing software implementation for the Bitcoin Cash blockchain (BitcoinABC and Bitcoin SV) broke away from consensus, and was subsequentlysupported by two different groups of miners. After the time of the fork, users could claim tokens on each side of the fork if they had previouslyheld tokens on the old Bitcoin Cash chain.

Bitcoin Cash ABC is now being recognised by most exchanges as Bitcoin Cash (the name of the original pre fork currency) with a separate listing for Bitcoin Cash SV.

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Top 10 cryptocurrencies by market capitalisation

How to Buy Your First Cryptocurrency Coins (Ethereum …

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Editor's note: This column has been updated to disclose the writer's advocacy of blockchain technology--the underpinning of all cryptocurrencies--and a Consumer Financial Protection Bureau warning about these investments.

Cryptocurrency (digital currency) is taking off this year. New millionaires are being made almost daily as Ethereum, Bitcoin, NEO, Litecoin, Ripple, Stratis, and other cryptocurrencies reach all-time highs. It is becoming somewhat of a modern-day gold rush.

Bitcoin is worth thousands of dollars. Ethereum is worth hundreds of dollars. For coins that were once worth only pennies, investors have made serious money in the past few years.It should be noted here that I am an advocate ofblockchain technology.

Bitcoin might be the oldest, but it's not the only cryptocurrency on the block. In fact, the majority of people getting into cryptocurrency are flocking to Ethereum. Ethereum has had the most impressive gains this year after recently being the first cryptocurrency to be backed by major corporations such as Microsoft, Samsung, JPMorgan Chase, and others in what's being called the Enterprise Ethereum Alliance. Ethereum does for code and programming what Bitcoin did for financial transactions. For simplicity's sake, think of Ethereum like a more advanced and sophisticated Bitcoin backed and utilized by major corporations because of its technological advances and clear pathway to building a decentralized internet.

Editor's note: Bitcoin and digital currencies, as with any investment, may involve the risk of loss. The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau has warned that virtual currencies, including Bitcoin, carry "significant risk" to consumers.

One Ether (Ethereum's crypto token) was worth as little as $12 earlier this year, but the cryptocurrency is now worth multiple hundreds of dollars per coin with a total market cap well into the multiple 10s of billions. Ethereum is slowly but surely making gains on Bitcoin's market cap. Many spectators believe that "the flippening" will happen sometime this year, in which Ethereum becomes the most valuable (market cap) cryptocurrency in the world, overtaking Bitcoin in total value (total number of coins times price per coin).

Ethereum isn't the only new coin on the block, but it is definitely the most promising. Others to watch that I will explain and write about in future articles include NEO, TenX, Metal, Litecoin, and Siacoin. All these coins have something unique and technologically innovative about them.

Buying cryptocurrency is confusing for a lot of people. It's not a stock or a typical "investment." It's not like anything most people have ever seen or experienced. You don't get shares; instead you get digital coins or tokens. The coins are "better" than a paper dollar bill because they actually support a greater cause, as in Ethereum's case, to build a decentralized internet and host code and apps on a decentralized platform. And coins help "fuel" that cause, so to speak, without getting technical.

For most people in the U.S., Coinbase would be the easiest option to buy Ethereum, Bitcoin, or Litecoin (it doesn't support any others yet). After verifying your account, you can add a number of payment methods including credit or debit cards, U.S. bank accounts, or even wire transfers of funds. Other options for exchanges that will take U.S. dollars for coins are Kraken, and Gemini in the U.S. Typically you will need to verify your account with a driver's license and add other details to expand your buy limits. Since cryptocurrencies are "hard currencies," the exchanges don't want to risk getting ripped off, since you can't reverse a cryptocurrency transaction once it's done.

If you are looking for some of the newer coins like NEO that are making big movement but haven't made their way to the aforementioned exchange sites, you can look into Bittrex, Poloniex or Livecoin. You can transfer Bitcoin or Ethereum to these platforms from Coinbase and then exchange it for any other digital currency that you want.

If you are outside the U.S., here are a few options for exchanges that take your local currency: BTC Markets (Australia), Bitthumb or Coinone (Korea), CHBTC or Huobi (China), and QuadrigaCX (Canada.) You can find a full list on this page of where to buy Ethereum for your local currency.

The opinions expressed here by Inc.com columnists are their own, not those of Inc.com.

How to Buy Your First Cryptocurrency Coins (Ethereum ...

Leaving Cryptocurrency in a Trust | Nolo

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Using a trust to transfer cryptocurrencies keeps information about your coins private and out of probate.

When you have cryptocurrency, you need to consider how to include this asset in your estate plan. If you dont, your beneficiaries may not be able to access your crypto-investments after you die. One way to ensure your loved ones will inherit your cryptocurrency is to leave it through a will. Another way to pass along cryptocurrency is to leave it through a trust.

There are several advantages to using a trust. For example, a trust:

A trust is a flexible estate planning tool that can be created while youre alive or after you pass away through your will. A living trust is made by transferring some of your property to the trust during your lifetime.

Living trusts are popular because they can be revoked or changed during the trust makers lifetime. During life, trust makers usually act as trustees of their own trusts, managing trust assets just as they did before they transferred their property into the trust. When a trust maker dies, the successor trustee (named in the trust) takes over. What happens to the trust property depends on the terms of the trust. Some trusts will direct the successor trustee to distribute trust property to beneficiaries, ending the trust. Other trusts will instruct the successor trustee to continue to manage trust property for the benefit of the beneficiaries.

Putting your cryptocurrency in a trust makes it less likely that your cryptocurrency will go undiscovered after your deathbecause the existence of your cryptocurrency will be documented in the trust. This is important because, unlike other property, cryptocurrency is not an easily discoverable asset. It has little to no paper trail, so its difficult for your loved ones to discover it after you die. If they dont already know you have cryptocurrency and how to access it, this asset might be lost to them forever.

However, when your cryptocurrency is in a trust, its documented and youve made a plan for what should happen to it when youre dead. Your trust tells your successor trustee that your cryptocurrency exists, where to look for it, and what to do with it. This greatly reduces the possibility that your cryptocurrency will be lost after you die.

While your trust alerts your successor trustee to the existence of your cryptocurrency (and names who should get it), you dont have to leave all of the details of your cryptocurrency in your trust document. Instead, its wise to create a separate document that describes in detail how to find and access your cryptocurrency. You can leave this access plan for your successor trustee or whoever will need to access your coins after you die.

When you die, the law requires (most of) your property to go through a legal process called probate. During this process, your estate is submitted to the court, and your property is distributed to your loved ones either according to the terms of your will or by intestacy laws. This process can still take anywhere from a few weeks to a few months and can be quite expensive, especially if the estate must pay a lawyer or an executor, or both.

If you leave your cryptocurrency through your will (or you make no plan at all), your cryptocurrency will go through probate and your beneficiaries wont have access to your cryptocurrency until the probate process is completeweeks or months after your death. With the volatile nature of the cryptocurrency markets, your coins could lose tremendous value before your beneficiaries ever get access to your digital wallet while they wait for your estate to be probated.

Any property included in your trust wont go through the probate process when you die. Instead, your successor trustee will immediately have the right to access and distribute your cryptocurrency following the terms of your trust. Keeping your cryptocurrency out of probate will likely save your beneficiaries time and money because they will get access to your coins faster and with fewer court costs.

Another benefit of using a trust is that you can maintain more privacy for you and your beneficiaries. During the probate process, a will is filed with the court and can become part of the public record. So if you leave your cryptocurrency through your will, information about your cryptocurrency may not remain private.

This prospect is unappealing for people with large cryptocurrency assets. Any public information about your cryptocurrency will make it easier for hackers and scammers to target your loved ones.

In contrast, trust documents arent part of the public record and only your successor trustee will need to know about your cryptocurrency. This added layer of privacy will help maintain the security of your cryptocurrency for you and your beneficiaries.

Creating a trust for your cryptocurrency is a good idea if your beneficiaries are very young, aren't tech savvy, or are unable to manage their own finances because a trust provides a system of management for the cryptocurrency you leave behind.

If your beneficiaries receive your cryptocurrency through a will, legally, they will have direct access to your coins. In some cases, this may not be a good ideaparticularly if your beneficiaries dont understand what cryptocurrency is or how it works. It may be overwhelming for those beneficiaries to learn about digital wallets, figure out cryptocurrency exchanges, and maintain all the security practices needed to secure the cryptocurrency they inherit.

Under a trust, your cryptocurrency will be managed by your successor trustee after you die. Your successor trustee will be responsible for accessing, maintaining, securing, and distributing your cryptocurrency according to the terms of your trust. So you can lay out exactly what should happen to your cryptocurrency and give the responsibility of managing it to a person who can be trusted to know or learn how the system works. In this way, using a trust could be a great relief to your beneficiaries, especially in the wake of your death.

One of the greatest benefits of creating a cryptocurrency trust is maintaining some control of your investment even after you die. You can use your trust to dictate how an asset is used and for what purpose. This is different from leaving cryptocurrency through a will, which gives your loved ones complete control over your cryptocurrency after they inherit it.

For example, if you want your beneficiaries to stay invested in cryptocurrency for a specific period of time, the trust can hold your coins until then. This can prevent a premature sale of your coins if you believe your cryptocurrency will get more valuable as time goes on. A trust can also allow your loved ones extra time to understand cryptocurrency before they get control of it, or you can choose to have the trust manage this asset for them indefinitely. You can tailor your trust to fit the specific needs of your loved ones.

There are some challenges unique to cryptocurrency trusts, but you can cover your bases by consulting an estate planning attorney or doing the necessary research. Creating a trust isnt necessary, but it will ensure that your coins wont get lost after you pass away and help maintain a level of privacy. A trust also provides a trusted manager for your coins and relieves your loved ones from the burden of trying to figure out cryptocurrency after you die.

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Leaving Cryptocurrency in a Trust | Nolo

Crypto Finder | Cryptocurrency beginner guide – August …

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

You might have heard about Bitcoin, but there's so much more to cryptocurrency than that. Our guides make learning about cryptocurrency easy allowing you to buy, trade and store your cryptocurrency in as much time as it takes to set up a new bank account.

More here:

Crypto Finder | Cryptocurrency beginner guide - August ...

Introduction to Cryptocurrency – CryptoCurrency Facts

Posted on August 6, 2020 by Danzig

Cryptocurrency facts takes a simplified look at digital currencies like Bitcoin to help explain what cryptocurrency is, how it works, and its implications. On this site, we cover everything you need to know about:

TIP: If you are new to cryptocurrency, check out ourguide to cryptocurrency for beginnersfor a crash course on the basics. Or, check out ourcryptocurrency investing starter kit.

As of 2020, cryptocurrency has been used as a decentralized alternative to traditional fiat currencies (which are usually backed by some central government) such as the US dollar (USD). Meanwhile, cryptocurrency technology, including smart contracts and blockchain technology, have been used for a number of other purposes such as apps, cloud computing, and more.

For theaverage person using cryptocurrency is as easy as:

For advanced users, the possibilities are vast.

How do I get cryptocurrency? If you want to get cryptocurrency you can mine it, trade goods and services for it, or buy it via brokers and exchanges using dollars and other cryptocurrencies. Check out Coinbase for a broker/exchange/wallet solution.

What is a cryptocurrency address?: A public address is a unique string of charactersused to receive cryptocurrency. Each public address has a matching private address that can be used to prove ownership of thepublic address. WithBitcoin the addressis called a Bitcoin address. Think of it like a unique email address that people can send currency to as opposed to emails.

The first decentralized digital cryptocurrency can arguably be traced back to bit gold(not to be confused withBitgold), which was worked on by Nick Szabo between 1998 and 2005 but was never implemented.

Although bit gold is widely considered the first precursor to bitcoin, cryptocurrency pioneer David Chaums company DigiCash (a company founded in1989 which attempted to innovate digital currency),Wei Daisb-money(a conceptual system published in1998 which Satoshi cites it in the Bitcoin white paper), ande-gold (a centralized digital currency that started in 1996) are all notable early mentions.

With that history noted, modern digital currency starts in 2008 whenSatoshi Nakamoto (an anonymousperson and/or group) released theirpaper detailing what would become Bitcoin.

Bitcoin became the first decentralized digital coin when it was created in 2008. Itthen went public in2009.

As of 2020, Bitcoin is the most commonly known and used cryptocurrency. Meanwhile, other coins including Ethereum (ETH), Ripple (XRP), Litecoin (LTC), and more are all notable mentions.

Given thepopularity of Bitcoin as well asits history, the term altcoin is sometimes used to describe alternative cryptocurrenciesto bitcoin (especially coins with small market caps).

As of January 2015, there wereover 500different types of cryptocurrencies or altcoins for trade in online markets. However,only 10 of them had market capitalizations over $10 million.

As of September 2017, there were over 1,100 cryptocurrencies and thetotal market capitalization of all cryptocurrencies reached an all-time high surpassing $60 billion! Then, by December 2017, the total market cap reached $600 billion (a multiple of 10 in only two months).

Since that time the total amount of coins has grown while the market cap has ebbed and flowed.

Although the future is uncertain, cryptocurrency is proving itself to be more than just a fad. Today cryptocurrency is shaping up to be a growing market that (despite the pros and cons) is likely here for the long haul.

On this site, we explore every aspect of cryptocurrency. Simply choose a page from the menu,visitour what is cryptocurrency page for a more detailed explanation of cryptocurrency, or jump right in to the how cryptocurrency works section to start learning about transactions, mining, and public ledgers.

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Introduction to Cryptocurrency - CryptoCurrency Facts

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What is Cryptocurrency? A Short Beginner’s Explanation …

Top 10 cryptocurrencies by market capitalisation

How to Buy Your First Cryptocurrency Coins (Ethereum …

Leaving Cryptocurrency in a Trust | Nolo

Crypto Finder | Cryptocurrency beginner guide – August …

Introduction to Cryptocurrency – CryptoCurrency Facts