Details Emerge About Facebook’s Virtual Reality Glasses – TheStreet.com

A patent application released Thursday shows Facebook (FB) is planning to implement some high-tech breakthroughs in the virtual reality glasses it wants to create.

The VR glasses will let users see virtual objects in the real world using a "waveguide display with two-dimensional scanner." The display will use computer-generated elements to "augment views of a physical, real-world environment." Wearers will be able to use the glasses to display images and videos or connect to speakers and headphones to play audio. Business Insider first reported the news.

The waveguide technology Facebook is using is similar to Microsoft Corp's (MSFT) HoloLens AR headset and the VR glasses Magic Leap, an Alphabet-backed (GOOGL) startup, is producing.

Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg has called VR the next major computing platform that could replace smartphones and even traditional personal computers. Facebook plans to spend billions of dollars on VR in the coming years.

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Details Emerge About Facebook's Virtual Reality Glasses - TheStreet.com

A virtual reality: Remote workers reflect on life after the office – CBC.ca

As technology improves, more employers are saving money on overhead costs by forgoing an office and giving employees the opportunity to work from home.

This not only lowers the cost of running a business, but allows companies to pick the best workers available with no concern for where they live.

Different industries are taking advantage of the chance, as is exemplified by the three Islanders that spoke about challenges and benefits of working from home.

Joshua Biggley is an engineer based in Charlottetown, Leigh Sheppard works in technical support for an accounting firm and Angela Douglas works for multiple environmental groups.

Leigh Sheppard's home office in his basement. He has been working from home for almost 2 years now. (Submitted by Leigh Sheppard)

Achieving a good work-life balance is a challenge for many people whether they work in a workplace or from home, but it seems to be an especially difficult aspect of working from home.

"When you're at home I think it's really easy to kind of slip back into work mode when, maybe you should be you know being a dad or being husband," said Sheppard.

"Because my office is just down the stairs and I know certain things will only take a moment, I tend to kind of escape and start working on those things."

Joshua Biggley says that he doesn't think every occupation is fit for remote work, and not every person would be able to do it. (Submitted by Joshua Biggley)

"One task can easily grow into multiple tasks and before I realize it I've lost control and I'm working longer than I anticipated."

Douglas said that she deals with the same problem with her work.

"I don't leave the office at fiveand forget about work until the next morning," she said.

"I'm usually answering emails and working on project proposals at all hours."

Biggleysaid that making sure he isn't letting work bleed into his personal life is difficult, not because he is working from home, but because he isn't in the workplace.

"Unfortunately you almost have to overachieve compared to your in-office counterparts because they are seen, and the only thing that you are is you're heard and the results from your work are there, so that's a challenge," he said.

"Those who tend to work remote, we tend to be overachievers, we tend to push very hard and so the danger of us working an excessive number of hours is a very real challenge for us, it's a very real risk."

Battling perceptions of what a remote worker is also contribute to Biggley'sdetermination to be productive.

"Remote workers have the challenge of working too much, than the rumoured, 'Hey you know I'm at home watching CNN or ESPN with my feet up, eating chocolate cake and not wearing pants,' or something."

Sheppard said that being out of the office is also tough because you don't interact with colleagues.

"You can feel isolated, and I think that's another thing you struggle with at the beginning," he said.

Douglas said that aspect of remote work is particularly tough for her.

"A lack of co-workers is a challenge for me as I'm a very social person," she said.

"My hamster doesn't laugh at my puns."

Angela Davis says that one of the difficult aspects of working from home is not having colleagues to speak with. (Submitted by Angela Douglas)

Sheppardsaid that the company he works for has been trying to alleviate some of this with online meetings that are not focused on work.

Biggleysaid that he works hard to stay connected with communities online through various social media platforms.

He also makes a concerted effort to bring his personal life into work whenever he can.

"I will always try to share some personal tidbit about myself," he said.

"Those are things that people look for when you're in the office, and as a remote worker you have to make sure you share those things with people understanding that they're not going to ask you because you're not sitting next to them."

Biggley said that another challenge is making sure to get out of the houseso his wife will often ask him torunerrands with her.

"I almost feel like I'm the family pet that they need to take me out and exercise me just a little," he said.

Sheppard said that getting out of the house is even more difficult during the winter months, when going outside is less appealing.

"You can get a little stir-crazy," he said.

Among the benefits of working from home are the lack of commute, and the flexibility of schedule.

Douglas said that even though she has to stay connected she can run out and get groceries, or work on dinner while at work.

Sheppardagreed, and said he had just returned from a working vacation in Halifax where he was visiting family.

Leigh Sheppard says that one of the benefits to working from home is being able to take breaks with Lucy, his 9-month-old daughter. (Submitted by Leigh Sheppard)

Biggleythought that being out of the office was beneficial to his productivity because colleagues can slow down the pace of work sometimes.

"For those who enjoy putting their head down and getting some serious technical work done there's a great advantage to that," he said.

"You know I can close the door, I can put my headphones in and no one's going to come knocking at my door stick their head over my cubicle wall and want to interrupt me to talk about the latest episode of whatever show was on TV last night."

Douglas said that because she works for NGO's, she doesn't think she would be returning to an office anytime soon because of the cost to her employers.

For Sheppard, who is nearing the two-year mark of working remotely,going back to the office is not something he sees happening.

"Not purposefully, no I don't think so," he said.

Biggleyis a little more open to going back to working in an office, but thinks that remote workers will become more popular among companies.

"There may be an opportunity that will arise in the future that will demand that I go into the office," he said.

"But I think that employers of the future will learn how to measure their employees and trust them in such a way that we don't have to go into the office everyday of the week."

"If people embraced that type of culture I think a lot of people would be a lot happier and probably a lot more productive as well," added Sheppard.

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A virtual reality: Remote workers reflect on life after the office - CBC.ca

How virtual reality is changing the way we experience stage shows – The Conversation UK

When the legends of opera were composing their works, it is unlikely they ever envisaged a time when intricate sets made by mans hand would be replaced with virtual reality. But that is just what the Wales National Opera is doing this summer. The company has created two virtual reality accompaniments letting those who are new to opera step inside the performance.

The Magic Butterfly pop-up installation features two short experiences based on songs from Madame Butterfly and the Magic Flute. The viewer is able to direct and orchestrate the characters, immersing themselves in the music and environment.

This is just a taster of the potential that VR has for stage productions, but it is also a sign of things to come. These days, theatre is less about sets built to mimic different places on stage, but more about representation. Boundaries are constantly being pushed beyond the structural confines of the boards. And for a discipline that is constantly in search of new spaces, virtual reality offers nearly unlimited potential.

Since the 1990s, theatre has been experimenting with virtual reality, and inviting the audience to play an active role in immersive, site-specific performances. Brenda Laurels Placeholder in 1993 was one of the first to use VR through head-mounted displays. Three-dimensional graphics, character animation and integrated sounds and voices allowed two participants to explore the simulated Canadian Rockies with a local mythology narrative.

Since then, VR has been used in increasingly creative ways. Char Daviess Osmose in 1995 added interactivity to the installation, experimenting with real-time motion tracking based on breathing and balance, together with interactive 3D sound.

In Sharir and Gromalas 1994 production, a dancer who entered the virtual environment interacted not only with other dancers present in the cyberspace, but also with a digital puppet capable of mimicking movements as well as dancing alone.

When virtual reality is used interactively it opens up whole new worlds to be explored. The traditional relationship between space-actor-spectator becomes a space-spectactor relationship. The audience is no longer in a passive role. Dramatic action is substituted by a real action, and how it plays out is shaped by the spectators.

I personally have used the Second Life metaverse a free 3D virtual world where one can build avatars, buildings and objects to create performance spaces for both teaching and professional theatre.

While I was teaching scenography at University of Rome La Sapienza, I took the virtual platform one step further. It was used not just to build sets and performances, but to create an audience of guests avatars. People from all over the world could virtually attend and interact with the performance using their avatars.

In addition, my students built their sets in this new virtual learning environment under my supervision, interacting with my avatar in real time during all the process.

This virtual reality-based theatre allowed us to design limitless environments and sets. Virtual avatar-actors could interact with the scenery and with others during the performance in real time. They could use the space in any way they wished: walking, running or even flying around it.

We later furthered this work with the performance @nts, a multi-dimensional theatre performance inspired by Philip K. Dicks The Electric Ant. This was staged at the same time in parallel universes: the real world of a real theatre space and the cyberspace of Second Life.

For this show, avatars performed live in the virtual set on Second Life to an audience of avatars while, at the same time, real actors performed live in a theatre space with a real audience. The theatre space was captured by video cameras and projected onto the virtual Second Life set while at the same time this virtual set was projected on the real set. This connection created an unusual spatio-temporal link between the two spaces, their audiences and performers.

As technology continues to develop especially as new platforms such as Facebook Spaces are made available the possibilities and potential for virtual theatre performances will only continue to grow. Its only a matter of time before we start using VR headsets for things like watching Netflix movies, or 360 videos on social media. It will mean that anyone with a VR headset would have access to performances that might otherwise be out of reach.

The world is experiencing a personal theatre revolution where video games, film, music and stage performances are blending together. What has been a theatre performance for hundreds of years is changing. It is no longer just focused on the here and now, but the here, now and everywhere.

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How virtual reality is changing the way we experience stage shows - The Conversation UK

Is AI More Threatening Than North Korean Missiles? – NPR

In this April 30, 2015, file photo, Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk unveils the company's newest products, in Hawthorne, Calif. Ringo H.W. Chiu/AP hide caption

In this April 30, 2015, file photo, Tesla Motors CEO Elon Musk unveils the company's newest products, in Hawthorne, Calif.

One of Tesla CEO Elon Musk's companies, the nonprofit start-up OpenAI, manufactures a device that last week was victorious in defeating some of the world's top gamers in an international video game (e-sport) tournament with a multi-million-dollar pot of prize money.

We're getting very good, it seems, at making machines that can outplay us at our favorite pastimes. Machines dominate Go, Jeopardy, Chess and as of now at least some video games.

Instead of crowing over the win, though, Musk is sounding the alarm. Artificial Intelligence, or AI, he argued last week, poses a far greater risk to us now than even North Korean warheads.

No doubt Musk's latest pronouncements make for good advertising copy. What better way to drum up interest in a product than to announce that, well, it has the power to destroy the world.

But is it true? Is AI a greater threat to mankind than the threat posed to us today by an openly hostile, well-armed and manifestly unstable enemy?

AI means, at least, three things.

First, it means machines that are faster, stronger and smarter than us, machines that may one day soon, HAL-like, come to make their own decisions and make up their own values and, so, even to rule over us, just as we rule over the cows. This is a very scary thought, not the least when you consider how we have ruled over the cows.

Second, AI means really good machines for doing stuff. I used to have a coffee machine that I'd set with a timer before going to bed; in the morning I'd wake up to the smell of fresh coffee. My coffee maker was a smart, or at least smart-ish, device. Most of the smart technologies, the AIs, in our phones, and airplanes, and cars, and software programs including the ones winning tournaments are pretty much like this. Only more so. They are vastly more complicated and reliable but they are, finally, only smart-ish. The fact that some of these new systems "learn," and that they come to be able to do things that their makers cannot do like win at Go or Dota is really beside the point. A steam hammer can do what John Henry can't but, in the end, the steam hammer doesn't really do anything.

Third, AI is a research program. I don't mean a program in high-tech engineering. I mean, rather, a program investigating the nature of the mind itself. In 1950, the great mathematician Alan Turing published a paper in a philosophy journal in which he argued that by the year 2000 we would find it entirely natural to speak of machines as intelligent. But more significantly, working as a mathematician, he had devised a formal system for investigating the nature of computation that showed, as philosopher Daniel Dennett puts it in his recent book, that you can get competence (the ability to solve problems) without comprehension (by merely following blind rules mechanically). It was not long before philosopher Hilary Putnam would hypothesize the mind is a Turing Machine (and a Turing Machine just is, for all intents and purposes, what we call a computer today). And, thus, the circle closes. To study computational minds is to study our minds, and to build an AI is, finally, to try to reverse engineer ourselves.

Now, Type 3 AI, this research program, is alive and well and a continuing chapter in our intellectual history that is of genuine excitement and importance. This, even though the original hypothesis of Putnam is wildly implausible (and was given up by Putnam decades ago). To give just one example: the problem of the inputs and the outputs. A Turing Machine works by performing operations on inputs. For example, it might erase a 1 on a cell of its tape and replace it with a 0. The whole method depends on being able to give a formal specification of a finite number of inputs and outputs. We can see how that goes for 1s and 0s. But what are the inputs, and what are the outputs, for a living animal, let alone a human being? Can we give a finite list, and specify its items in formal terms, of everything we can perceive, let alone, do?

And there are other problems, too. To mention only one: We don't understand how the brain works. And this means that we don't know that the brain functions, in any sense other than metaphorical, like a computer.

Type 1 AI, the nightmare of machine dominance, is just that, a nightmare, or maybe (for the capitalists making the gizmos) a fantasy. Depending on what we learn pursuing the philosophy of AI, and as luminaries like John Searle and the late Hubert Dreyfus have long argued, it may be an impossible fiction.

Whatever our view on this, there can be no doubt that the advent of smart, rather than smart-ish, machines, the sort of machines that might actually do something intelligent on their own initiative, is a long way off. Centuries off. The threat of nuclear war with North Korea is both more likely and more immediate than this.

Which does not mean, though, that there is not in fact real cause for alarm posed by AI. But if so, we need to turn our attention to Type 2 AI: the smart-ish technologies that are everywhere in our world today. The danger here is not posed by the technologies themselves. They aren't out to get us. They are not going to be out to get us any time soon. The danger, rather, is our increasing dependence on them. We have created a technosphere in which we are beholden to technologies and processes that we do not understand. I don't mean you and me, that we don't understand: No one person can understand. It's all gotten too complicated. It takes a whole team or maybe a university to understand adequately all the mechanisms, for example, that enable air traffic control, or drug manufacture, or the successful production and maintenance of satellites, or the electricity grid, not to mention your car.

Now this is not a bad thing in itself. We are not isolated individuals all alone and we never have been. We are a social animal and it is fine and good that we should depend on each other and on our collective.

But are we rising to the occasion? Are we tending our collective? Are we educating our children and organizing our means of production to keep ourselves safe and self-reliant and moving forward? Are we taking on the challenges that, to some degree, are of our own making? How to feed 7 billion people in a rapidly warming world?

Or have we settled? Too many of us, I fear, have taken up a "user" attitude to the gear of our world. We are passive consumers. Like the child who thinks chickens come from supermarkets, we are hopelessly alienated from how things work.

And if we are, then what are we going to do if some clever young person some where maybe a young lady in North Korea writes a program to turn things off? This is a serious and immediate pressing danger.

Alva No is a philosopher at the University of California, Berkeley, where he writes and teaches about perception, consciousness and art. He is the author of several books, including his latest, Strange Tools: Art and Human Nature (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2015). You can keep up with more of what Alva is thinking on Facebook and on Twitter: @alvanoe

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Is AI More Threatening Than North Korean Missiles? - NPR

‘It knew what you were going to do next’: AI learns from pro gamers – then crushes them – News Chief

By Peter Holley The Washington Post

For decades, the world's smartest game-playing humans have been racking up losses to increasingly sophisticated forms of artificial intelligence.

The defeats began in the 1990s when Deep Blue conquered chess master Garry Kasparov. In May, Ke Jie - until then the world's best player of the ancient Chinese board game "Go" - was defeated by a Google computer program.

Now the AI supergamers have moved into the world of e-sports. Last week, an artificial intelligence bot created by the Elon Musk-backed start-up OpenAI defeated some of the world's most talented players of Dota 2, a fast-paced, highly complex, multiplayer online video game that draws fierce competition from all over the globe.

OpenAI unveiled its bot at an annual Dota 2 tournament where players walk away with millions in prize money. It was a pivotal moment in gaming and in AI research largely because of how the bot developed its skills and how long it took to refine them enough to defeat the world's most talented pros, according to Greg Brockman, co-founder and chief technology officer of OpenAI.

The somewhat frightening reality: It only took the bot two weeks to go from laughable novice to world-class competitor, a period in which Brockman said the bot gathered "lifetimes" of experience by playing itself.

During that period, players said, the bot went from behaving like a bot to behaving in a way that felt more alive.

Danylo "Dendi" Ishutin, one of the game's top players, was defeated twice by his AI competition, which felt "a little like human, but a little like something else," he said, according to the Verge.

Brockman agreed with that perspective: "You kind of see that this thing is super fast and no human can execute its moves as well, but it was also strategic, and it kind of knows what you're going to do," he said. "When you go off screen, for example, it would predict what you were going to do next. That's not something we expected."

Brockman said games are a great testing ground for AI because they offer a defined set of rules with "baked-in complexity" that allow developers to measure a bot's changing skill level. He said one of the major revelations of the Dota 2 bot's success was that it was achieved via "self-play" - a form of training in which the bot would continuously play against a copy of itself until it amassed more and more knowledge while improving incrementally.

For a game as complicated as Dota 2 - which incorporates more than 100 playable roles and thousands of moves - self-play proved more organic and comprehensive than having a human preprogram the bot's behavior.

"If you're a novice playing against someone who is awesome - playing tennis against Serena Williams, for example - you're going to be crushed, and you won't realize there are slightly better techniques or ways of doing something," Brockman said. "The magic happens when your opponent is exactly balanced with you so that if you . . . explore and find a slightly better strategy it is then reflected in your performance in the game."

Tesla chief executive Elon Musk hailed the bot's achievement in historic fashion on Twitter before going on to once again highlight the risk posed by AI, which he said poses "vastly more risk than North Korea."

Musk unleashed a debate about the danger of AI last month when he tweeted that Facebook chief executive Mark Zuckerberg's understanding of the threat posed by AI "is limited."

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'It knew what you were going to do next': AI learns from pro gamers - then crushes them - News Chief

AI can determine our motivations using a simple camera – TNW

Credit: Silver Logic Labs

Silver Logic Labs (SLL) is in the people business. Technically, its an AI startup, but what it really does is figure out what people want. At first glance theyve simply found a better way to do focus-groups, but after talking to CEO Jerimiah Hamon weve learned theres nothing simple about the work hes doing.

The majority of AI in the world is being taught to do boring stuff. The machines are learning to analyze data, and scrape websites. Theyre being forced to to sew shirts and watch us sleep. Hamon and his team created an algorithm that analyzes the tiniest of human movements, using a camera, and determines what that person is feeling.

Credit: Silver Logic Labs

Dont worry if your mind isnt blown right now it takes a little explanation to sink in. Imagine youre trying to determine whether a TV show will be popular with an audience and youve gathered a group of test-viewers whove just seen your show. How do you know if theyre responding honestly, or simply trying to respond in the way they think they should. Hamon told us:

You have these situations where youre trying to determine how people feel about something that could possibly be considered controversial, or that people might not want to be honest about. You might have a scene with two men kissing each other, or two women. You might have a scene where a dog gets hit by a car in such a way that its supposed to be funny.

Well find, sometimes, people will respond that they didnt like those things, but then when we analyze what they were doing while they were watching it, and we pick up these details and we see theyre expressing joy, or arousal, quite often.

And were better at predicting whether that show is going to do well based on our insight, than if you just go by how people respond to the list of questions.

SLL is trying to solve one of the oldest problems in the world: people lie. In fact, according to the fictional Dr. House, M.D. Everybody lies. More importantly though, Hamon who is not-at-all fictional told us:

With our system we find that we get a lot more data. We can use it to watch every second and compare every second to every other second in a way a person watching cant. So when asked Can you predict a Nielsen rating? the answer is yes, the lowest accuracy rating weve got is about 89% thats the lowest.

Being able to determine the viability of a TV show, or how people feel about a specific scene in a movie is a pretty neat trick. The fact that theyve adapted the technology to work with almost any laptop camera for survey purposes such as observing someone watching a video clip at home is astounding.

Hamon told us that the algorithms work so well his team almost always ends up flunking certain respondents for being under the influence of a substance. A drug detecting robot that can be employed through any connected camera? Thats a little spooky.

SLL does more than provide analytics for TV shows and movies, in fact its ambitions might be some of the highest weve ever seen for an AI company. We asked Hamon how this technology was supposed to be used outside of simply detecting if someone liked something or not:

Im very passionate about health care. With this we can identify neural-deficits very quickly. We did a lot of research and it turns out its proven that if youre going to have a stroke, you will have a series of micro-strokes first. These are undetectable most of the time, sometimes even to the people having them if you live at a nursing home for instance, we could have cameras set up, we could detect those.

These people might have a one percent change in gait, we could see that for example, our system might be able to detect the first of the micro-strokes and signal for help.

The company also wants to change the way law enforcement works. Hamon believes that dash-cams and body-cams that utilize this technology will save lives. He proposed a what-if scenario:

Say youve got someone running up to a building and theres someone on guard, they might see this person running who, incidentally, has just lost their baby and needs help as a threat, maybe due to a lack of training or because theyre scared.

The other side is maybe you see someone running and think they need your help when in reality they have a pound of explosives in their backpack. We know that how a person moves is different based on how they feel. People make these decisions under extreme pressure and theyre not always right.

There are even more uses for educational applications. The potential to determine exactly how students respond to a teacher, or to tailor a specific lesson to an individual could help a lot of people, especially those who arent benefiting from traditional methods.

Its about time someone created an AI that helps us better understand each other in a practical sense that might actually save lives.

Read next: Your social media use is helping scientists monitor the worlds ecosystems

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AI can determine our motivations using a simple camera - TNW

The man behind Android says AI is the next major operating system – CNBC

The heart of Home is Essential's operating system, Ambient OS. Rubin didn't share much about the new software, but he did share his thoughts about how AI will become the next big operating system.

"I think it's AI. It's a slightly different AI than we see today. Today we see pattern matching and vision tricks and automation for self-driving cars and assistants like Siri or Google Assistant, but I think there's a thing after that that will coalesce into something that's more of an operating platform."

Rubin knows his own hardware company can't create the master AI platform alone, which is why his incubator Playground is so important.

"We're investing in hardware companies because we think they're essential in training AI," Rubin said. "One of our invested companies is called Light House. They make a camera for your home like a Dropcam except it uses AI to analyze everything that's happening in your house. You can ask if the kids went to school on time and it can answer."

Essential Home will allow you to play music through popular services, check the weather and more, all through a circular touchscreen.

But unlike other systems, like the Amazon Echo or Google Home, his plan is to create an OS that works with everything else. It's an ambitious goal with serious technical challenges, but Rubin knows enough about operating systems that he shouldn't be ignored.

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The man behind Android says AI is the next major operating system - CNBC

‘Marjorie Prime’ explores the limits of AI built from memories – Engadget

We are only human, and our recollections are imperfect. So when we try to create an account of our past, can we trust ourselves? That's the question at the heart of the new film Marjorie Prime, which opens today in 15 cities (with a national rollout to eventually follow). It is a quiet, contemplative drama that studies our fear of technology and mortality by juxtaposing people with computerized versions of themselves. Thanks to convincing performances by Jon Hamm (Walter Prime), Lois Smith (Marjorie/Marjorie Prime) and Geena Davis (Tess/Tess Prime), the movie forces us to consider if we're to blame for all the times AI goes awry. It also questions whether we're entrusting technology with too much responsibility.

In Marjorie Prime, the holograms (usually of the deceased) are meant to provide comfort, although they sometimes act as caretakers. For example, Walter Prime obligingly tells Marjorie stories of how he wooed her and when he proposed, based on the tales she had told him in the past. It's an unconventional form of therapy, but the act of talking to a loved one without fear of judgment can be just as cathartic as traditional counseling. Walter Prime also reminds Marjorie to eat, calmly questioning the excuses she comes up with to avoid doing so. By contrast, Marjorie's human caretaker, Julie, sneaks the ailing woman cigarettes when Tess and Jon aren't around.

Compared with AI, people's imperfections stand out. These imperfections are passed on to the Primes. The stories that Marjorie shares with Walter Prime (that he later tells back to her) are the versions she wants to remember. For a variety of reasons, she casually changes details like the movie she was watching with her late husband when he proposed, and even the people involved in certain events. The Primes are also designed to mimic verbal signs of hesitation like stuttering or pausing to appear more realistic, and thus more flawed.

The film challenges our mistrust of AI and technology, showing that if anything is untrustworthy, it's our own memories. We are the ones who contaminate software with our own biases. We don't need Marjorie Prime to show us that -- our own world today is full of examples: Microsoft's AI chatbot Tay, who was turned racist by Twitter users, and the company's subsequent bot Zo, who met the same fate. Some believe that in the US justice system, the use of algorithms that predict a person's potential for recidivism as a way to determine punishment is inherently biased. AI is a man-made product, and its flaws are created by us. It is also our fault when we entrust the technology with responsibilities, like making them our therapists, as the characters in Marjorie Prime have done, however unwittingly.

The film eventually takes its central idea to the logical conclusion, where we find out whether AI can even fool themselves into thinking they're human.

The questions of trusting AI and contrasting humans with machines have already been heavily explored (think: Her or the episode "Be Right Back" in Black Mirror), but Marjorie Prime delves deeper into how human nature is to blame. Yet it withholds judgement and shows how we can't help our failings, especially as we age. The beauty of humanity often lies in its flaws, and it's something AI can imitate but not fully replicate.

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'Marjorie Prime' explores the limits of AI built from memories - Engadget

AI Is Edging Into the Art World in Psychedelic Ways – Smithsonian

AI is now able to synthesize new sounds from old ones, and even compose original music

"Can machines be creative?" This question is the target of a recent Google undertaking, dubbed Project Magenta,focused on bringing artificial intelligence into the art world.

Magenta and other creative AI endeavors draw on the power of deep neural networks, systems that allow computers to sort through large amounts of data, recognizing patterns, and eventually generating their own pictures, music and more. These networks had previously been put to artistic use by Google for its "DeepDream" project, which was designed to visualize how neural networks think. Researchers could feed the tool images, which it thenreinterpretedinto often abstract, and oftentrippy, works.

Last year, Google started Project Magenta to apply what it learned from these AI-created masterpieces to further push the limits of computer creativity in art, music, videos and more. Now,TheNew York Times'Cade Metz tuned into the software giant's recent projects to see (and hear) what's come of the endeavor.

Along with the announcement of Project Magenta last summer, Google released the neural network's first song. The Google team gave its algorithm four notes (C, C, G, G) to work with, and then let the machine compose a roughly 90-second song with a piano sound.The littleditty is upbeat, starting slow but picking up with a drum beat added behind it as it explores patterns using those four notes.

But now, Google programmers are using those networks to not only create new pieces of music, but new instruments. For example, a tool calledNSynth, has analyzed hundreds of notes played by a variety of modern instruments, mapping out the features that makea guitar sound like a guitar, or a trumpet sound like a trumpet. Using these maps, users can then combine instrument characteristics to create brandnew sound makers.

A more recent project from Google trained an algorithm with examples of classical piano music to create a tool that can compose its own music within the framework of classical piano techniques, reports MatthewHutsonforScience. While you won't findPerformanceRNN, as the algorithm is called, composing a symphony any time soon, it can create short original music phrasings that are "quite expressive," as programmersIan Simon andSageevOorewrote last month on the Project Magenta blog. And another algorithm has been trained from Magenta's code to be able to respond to notes that people play with its own original snippets of music, in effect creating a "duet" with an AI.

Other Google algorithms have worked on edging more into the visual art world, reportsHutson. For example, the algorithmSketchRNNhas analyzed thousands of examples of human drawings to teach a computer to create basic sketches of common shapes, such aschairs, cats and trucks.

Once these models have been "trained," writes Google researcher David Ha, the computercan analyze and recreate previously submitted drawings in original ways. It can even correctmistakes researchers added in to make the images appear more accurate, such as drawing a pig with four legs instead of five.Similar to the blended instruments ofNSynth, artists can game these models by doing things like submitting drawings of chairs to a program that draws cats, creating blended sketches that lie somewhere between the shapes.

Some other projects haven't worked out just yet,Hutsonreports, such as a tool to create new jokes. (They just weren't funny.)

Google aren't the only ones interested in artsy AI. As Metz notes, last year, researchers at Sony trained an neural network tocompose new songs in the styles of existing artistseven creatinganpop songthat resemblesa composition from the Beatles. Another neural networkcomposed its ownChristmas songwhen shown a picture of a Christmas tree.

Though some people are concerned that AI could replace us all, developers don't see these tools as ever supplanting human creativity,Hutsonreports. But rather, these algorithms are tools that can helpinspire and channel imagination into new creations.

Maybe one day, your muse could be a computer.

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AI Is Edging Into the Art World in Psychedelic Ways - Smithsonian

AI revolution will be all about humans, says Siri trailblazer – Phys.Org

August 19, 2017 by Liz Thomas Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runeshe helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri

It's 2050 and the world revolves around you. From the contents of your fridge to room temperaturedigital assistants ensure your home runs smoothly. Your screens know your taste and show channels you want to see as you enter the room. Your car is driverless and your favourite barman may just be an android.

Predictions for an AI-dominated future are increasingly common, but Antoine Blondeau has experience in reading, and arguably manipulating, the runeshe helped develop technology that evolved into predictive texting and Apple's Siri.

"In 30 years the world will be very different," he says, adding: "Things will be designed to meet your individual needs."

Work, as we know it, will be redundant, he saysvisual and sensory advances in robotics will see smart factories make real time decisions requiring only human oversight rather than workers, while professions such as law, journalism, accounting and retail will be streamlined with AI doing the grunt work.

Healthcare is set for a revolution, with individuals holding all the data about their general health and AI able to diagnose ailments, he explains.

Blondeau says: "If you have a doctor's appointment, it will be perhaps for the comfort of talking things through with a human, or perhaps because regulation will dictate a human needs to dispense medicine. But you won't necessarily need the doctor to tell you what is wrong."

The groundwork has been done: Amazon's Alexa and Google Home are essentially digital butlers that can respond to commands as varied as ordering pizza to managing appliances, while Samsung is working on a range of 'smart' fridges, capable of giving daily news briefings, ordering groceries, or messaging your family at your request.

Leading media companies are already using 'AI journalists' to produce simple economics and sports stories from data and templates created by their human counterparts.

Blondeau's firm Sentient Technologies has already successfully used AI traders in the financial markets.

In partnership with US retailer , it created an interactive 'smart shopper', which uses an algorithm that picks up information from gauging not just what you like, but what you don't, offering suggestions in the way a real retail assistant would.

In healthcare, the firm worked with America's MIT to invent an AI nurse able to assess patterns in blood pressure data from thousands of patients to correctly identify those developing sepsisa catastrophic immune reaction30 minutes before the outward onset of the condition more than 90 percent of the time in trials.

"It's a critical window that doctors say gives them the extra time to save lives," Blondeau says, but concedes that bringing such concepts to the masses is difficult.

"The challenge is to pass to market because of regulations but also because people have an intrinsic belief you can trust a doctor, but will they trust a machine?" he adds.

Law, he says, is the next industry ripe for change. In June, he became chairman of Hong Kong's Dragon Law. The dynamic start-up is credited with helping overhaul the legal industry by making it more accessible and affordable.

For many the idea of mass AI-caused redundancy is terrifying, but Blondeau is pragmatic: humans simply need to rethink careers and education.

"The era where you exit the education system at 16, 21, or 24 and that is it, is broadly gone," he explains.

"People will have to retrain and change skillsets as the technology evolves."

Blondeau disagrees that having a world so catered to your whims and wants might lead to a myopic life, a magnified version of the current social media echo chamber, arguing that it is possible to inject 'serendipity' into the technology, to throw up surprises.

While computers have surpassed humans at specific tasks and games such as chess or Go, predictions of a time when they develop artificial general intelligence (AGI) enabling them to perform any intellectual task an adult can range from as early as 2030 to the end of the century.

Blondeau, who was chief executive at tech firm Dejima when it worked on CALOone of the biggest AI projects in US historyand developed a precursor to Siri, is more circumspect.

"We will get to some kind of AGI, but its not a given that we will create something that could match our intuition," muses Blondeau, who was also a chief operating officer at Zi Corporation, a leader in predictive text.

"AI might make a better trader, maybe a better customer operative, but will it make a better husband? That machine will need to look at a lot of cases to develop its own intuition. That will take a long time," he says.

The prospect of AI surpassing human capabilities has divided leaders in science and technology.

Microsoft's Bill Gates, British physicist Stephen Hawking and maverick entrepreneur Elon Musk have all sounded the alarm warning unchecked AI could lead to the destruction of mankind.

Yet Blondeau seems unflinchingly positive, pointing out nuclear technology too could have spelled armageddon.

He explains: "Like any invention it can be used for good and bad. So we have to safeguard in each industry. There will be checks along the way, we are not going to wake up one day and suddenly realise the machines are aware."

Explore further: Apple readying Siri-powered home assistant: report

2017 AFP

Apple is preparing to launch a connected speaker to serve as a smart home assistant in a challenge to Amazon Echo and Google Home, a news report said Thursday.

Intelligent machines of the future will help restore memory, mind your children, fetch your coffee and even care for aging parents.

Robots have been taking our jobs since the 1960s. So why are politicians and business leaders only now becoming so worried about robots causing mass unemployment?

Major technology firms are racing to infuse smartphones and other internet-linked devices with software smarts that help them think like people.

That's the name of Samsung's virtual assistant, a key feature of the new Galaxy S8 phone. The Korean company has big plans for the voice-based technology, seeing it as a fundamental way its customers will interact with a ...

Google CEO Sundar Pichai believes that we are moving to an "AI-first" world. In this world, we will be interacting with personal digital assistants on a range of platforms, including through Google's new intelligent speaker ...

If disaster ever struck, Joe Fleischmann could keep the lights, refrigerator and big-screen TV running in his Orange County home, even if the power company went dark.

Standing in a warehouse in a Moscow suburb, Dmitry Marinichev tries to speak over the deafening hum of hundreds of computers stacked on shelves hard at work mining for crypto money.

Buildings could soon be able to convert the sun's energy into electricity without the need for solar panels, thanks to innovative new technology.

Battery researchers agree that one of the most promising possibilities for future battery technology is the lithium-air (or lithium-oxygen) battery, which could provide three times as much power for a given weight as today's ...

Distracted drivingtexting or absent-mindednessclaims thousands of lives a year. Researchers from the University of Houston and the Texas A&M Transportation Institute have produced an extensive dataset examining how ...

Facebook's interest in China has led it to discreetly create a photo-sharing application released there without the social network's brand being attached.

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It will "all be about" milking humans. To transfer money from the humans bank accounts to the owner of the AI. (or at least those humans who still have jobs)

Nice prophecy. But i doubt it'll happen THAT quickly.

By then these will all be smart, all talking to each other. Economies of scale will make them as ubiquitous as they are now. Nothing manufactured will NOT be smart.

And people will be able to buy them because the economies of scale requires it. How they earn the money to do so is not readily apparent.

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2045 Initiative The Digital Immortality – FactsChronicle

The idea of the possibility of immortality has been embedded in human mind since the beginning of humanity. For centuries people have been searching for ways on how to extend their life or become immortal.

Some researchers have been working on medical immortality which sounds pleasant but it would actually be kind of a nightmare as being medically immortal doesnt actually mean being immortal, it just means that you wont grow old or die or get ill. Instead, you will meet some violent end. Your brain will also get slower with piles of memories and it will be harder and slower to recall efficiently.

On other hand, some scientists are working on ways to get immortal digitally by transferring their brain and personality to a robot humanoid.

The 2045 initiative is a non-profit organization founded by a multi-millionaire Russian Entrepreneur Dmitry Itskov in 2011. Its his brainchild idea to build a life like cyborg to which eventually one can upload the contents of a real human brain. He is perfectly serious about his idea and says that it could be accomplished by 2045.

As their website states, Our goal is to create technologies enabling the transfer of an individuals personality to a more advanced non-biological carrier, and extending life, including to the point of immortality. We devote particular attention to enabling the fullest possible dialogue between the worlds major spiritual traditions, science and society.

There are four main stages on which the organization is working on in an attempt to achieve their goal. Each progression reflects an ordered step in the project, with each stage representing a further level of immateriality.

Avatar A:

Avatar A approaches to developing a life like copy of a human body without an actual brain but is capable of interpretation by using a Brain Computer Interface (BCI). This might seem fictional but this technology has been around for nearly a decade and had recent advancement in the field of prosthetics.

It is very similar to a 2009 movie Surrogates casting Bruce Willis in which he remotely controls himself through an optimized robotic version of himself while he is in dark room.

Dmitry Itskov says that they will be able to achieve the first avatar within the next seven years. He talks about a humanoid robot with the sensation that you can transfer in the bot.

Avatar B:

The next step of the project is to transplant the brain into the bot itself rather than controlling it remotely. At the end of a persons life, his brain and some of the spinal chord will be provided an autonomous system which will allow it to interact with the surroundings. This bot can be modified and upgraded if needed.

Avatar C:

The Avatar C sounds the craziest out of all others as this avatar aims to make the brain completely non biological. The brain will become computerized on which the personality and contents of the brain will be uploaded. This would require hardware and software solutions that would allow all the consciousness to be transferred. As the brain will be completely computerized, it will be possible to potentially create many bodies.

The company says that this stage will be completed by 2035. One of their researchers, Theodore Berger has already replaced the hippocampus (a part of a human brain most heavily associated with memory) of a rat with a computer chip. He showed that rats can still have memories without brain through computer chips.

Avatar D:

The final step Avatar D is to develop Holographic body and there will be no physical system. You will basically be living inside a computer but you will be able to physically interact yourself as a hologram, similar to Princess Leia in Star Wars. There is not much information concerning Avatar D, it is said to be achieved by 2045.

The organization has already started working on Avatar A, B and C. Many investors and big scientists are taking interest in this initiative. Uploading a human brain may be a couple of decades away but it will revolutionize the robotics, anti-aging, genetics, computer, defense and prosthetics.

A key point that must be noted here that whenever people write about the future of immortality, they use the word we. But it must be very clear that there will be no we as it will be the most valuable commercial product in all of human history and there is absolutely no way that this technology becomes available to everyone.

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The Defenders: The Hand’s Origins Explained – Screen Rant

Spoilers forThe Defenders.

The Hand haslong been a threat inNetflixs multiple Marvel series but now in The Defenders we know exactly how they came to power. Details about the mystical organization have been gradually revealed throughout Daredevil seasons 1 and 2 andIron Fist, but in the series that unites the ninja warriors and super strong Luke Cage and Jessica Jones, their origins have been explained and. as expected, it begins in Kun-Lun.

The ancient city of heaven exists inanother dimension and only appears on Earth every 15 years, accessible viaa mountain range in Asia. The warrior monks who live theirwelcome people from all walks of life, races and cultures to join their community and learn their martial arts ways. Wellbefore a young Danny Rand was taking in, Alexandra (the head of The Hand) went to Kun-Lun on a pilgrimage following the death of her daughter and learned their ways as well as meeting fellow pilgrims Madam Gao,Murakami, Sowande and Batuko. There they learned to fight, but as Stick explains to Matt Murdoch, Luke Cage and Danny Rand in episode 4, Royal Dragon, the five of them broke away from the elders and their teaching to follow a selfish path towards immortality:

Centuries ago, millennia, it doesnt matter, but a long time ago, the elders of un-Lun gathered to study how to harness their chi. The energy of life itself. They wanted to use it to heal. But there were five heretics among them. people with darker intentions. They didnt want to heal. They wanted immortality. Power. To never face death. To regenerate themselves again and again. The elders saw this as an aberration and so like Lucifer from heaven the five were banished from Kun-Lun forever. They became the five fingers of the Hand.

Clearly, before they left Kun-Lun and went back to their separate places of birth, the five learned how to harness their chi in order to resurrect themselves afterdeath, having discovered something that could helpthem do it. The substance they speak of is made from dragon bone which they mix with a blood-like mixture during resurrection ceremonies. We already knew there were dragons in the world thanks to Danny constantly telling people how he plunged his hand into the heart of Shou-Lao the Undying in order to gain the power of the Iron Fist, but until now no one other than the Hand knew of the elemental power of their bones.

We saw how theyused the substanceduring episode 3, Worst Behaviour, when Alexandra brought Elektra back, using the last of it for the rebirth. Its pretty bad timing for her given how not long aftershe discovers that shes dying from a fatal disease, the event that kicks the series into action; its because of this fear of death that the leader of the Hand puts her co-founders and their minions to work in capturing the Iron Fist.

They need Danny to open a gateway deep below Midtown Manhattan that was sealed shutby a previous warrior. Inside are the remains of a dragon, and the last known deposit of the substance on Earth, which the Hand needs to continue their immortality. However, not every memberis happy with the way Alexandra is going about things.

Murakami is the most vocal with his displeasure at the usage of their last bit of substance to resurrect Elektra, recognizing early on that the Black Sky was going to be a bit of a liability as she regained her memories. The pair has clearly endured an antagonisticrelationship over the centuries, with him he revealing to Alexandra that he never wanted to leave Kun-Lun with her in the first place and that while her sole focus is on continued life, theirs is on returning to the sacred city.

It turns out they all have issues and, at some point, all five have tried to kill each other forpower. But with the threat of ultimate death upon them, they managed to put their differences asidefor the greater good of their immortality.

Sadly for Sowande, Batuka and Alexandra their lives were cut short with no hope for resurrection after their heads were chopped off. Alexandras misplaced faith in Elektra caused her own downfall, as her surrogate daughter stabbed her in the back with her sais in order to take control of the Hand. Later, its believed that Madame Gao andMurakami have died too; they are deep below the Midlands Financial Circle building, down with the dragon bones, when it is detonated and collapses in on itself. However, as Daredevil managed to get out alive, and we havent seen their dead bodies, there is always a chance they could be back for future solo series in the Netflixs Marvel Universe but will they be in charge of the Hand?

If Elektra got out alive like Matt and the two remaining Hand founders then she could still claim leadership of the organization. As the Black Sky she is probably the most deadly fighter in the world and could dispatch her opposition with ease. After killing Alexandra she assumed leadership of the Hand (something shes done plenty of times before in the comic books), but given the ruthless nature of Gao andMurakami its safe to say they might notlet go of their ancient ninja order without a fight. That is if theyre still alive.

Well just have to wait until the next solo superhero series is out (The Punisher in November) to see if the Hand is still a key player in New Yorks criminal underworld.

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Frozen body of Chinese woman waits for science to breathe life into it – International Business Times, India Edition

An image representing cryogenics.Creative Commons

A dead Chinese woman's husband and son have her body frozen for over three months now. They believe that some future technology will one day bring her back to life.

Zhan Wenlian, who died from lung cancer at the age of 49 on May 8, has now become the first Chinese person to be cryogenically frozen. Cryonics is the process of the low-temperature preservation of dead people, with the hope that medical advances will someday make it possible for corpses to be resurrected.

Immediately after Zhan's death, doctors at the Shandong Yinfeng Life Sciences Research Institute started the process of freezing her body by injecting various chemicals to reduce blood clotting and damage to her brain. They replaced Zhan's blood with a mixture of anti-freeze chemicals that help preserve organs.

To further lower the body temperature, Zhan's body was wrapped in a sleeping bag and put in a metal capsule, which was then stored in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of minus 196 degrees Celsius. As part of the 55-hour procedure, the scientists also extracted stem cells from Zhan's blood, which, they believe, could potentially help in her revival or be beneficial for her family members.

Technicians prepare a body for cryopreservation in 1985.Creative Commons

"Theoretically, her metabolism and cellular activity are stagnated. There is no issue with keeping her body like this for centuries. Perhaps, one day when technology advances, she can be resurrected," Zang Chuanbao, director of the institute's cryo-medicine research centre, toldXinhua.

According to Gui Junmin, Zhan's husband, he decided to freeze his wife's body in the hope that doctors will find a cure for lung cancer, and wake her up one day, Science and Technology Daily, the official newspaper of China's science and technology ministry, reported.

"We have to wait until there is a cure for her disease before we wake her up, otherwise there is no point," Gui, who also wants his body to be frozen after his death, was quoted by local media as saying. "I believe that with new technology, [resurrection] is entirely possible."

The cost of freezing an entire body is reportedly about 2 million yuan ($300,000 or Rs. 1.9 crore) while it also requires an additional 50,000 yuan ($7,485 or Rs. 4.8 lakh) a year for the refill liquid nitrogen.

So far, at least 300 people around the world have been cryogenically frozen.

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Frozen body of Chinese woman waits for science to breathe life into it - International Business Times, India Edition

Alternative Medicine Degree – Natural Healers

What holistic medicine degrees are available?

From certificates to doctoral degrees, the alternative medicine arena offers a wide range of educational resources for those interested in joining this growing field.

If you plan to work as a naturopathic doctor (ND), youll need to earn a doctoral degree in order to practice. This type of program teaches students about all the areas of natural health and prepares them to work in a private practice or clinic.

Other alternative medicine programs, like hypnotherapy or homeopathy, are typically geared toward those with an ND (or MD) and come in the form of diplomas or certificates. Many naturopathic doctors use homeopathy and hypnotherapy to complement their existing treatments. If youre interested in studying an area of alternative medicine as a hobby, you can also find courses and seminars.

If you plan to attend a college or university to be trained in alternative medicine, you can expect to learn about the following topics:

A bachelors of science (BS) degree in alternative medicine is a four-year program which will incorporate both general education requirementsEnglish, math, sciencewith specific course work related to alternative medicine.

If you already work in the natural health field as a massage therapist or other profession, earning a BS in alternative medicine can expand your career options and teach you how to include new treatment methods in to your job.

As an example of what you might encounter in a BS in alternative medicine program, Everglades University offers the following classes once a student has completed the general education requirements:

Becoming an ND doesnt require a pre-med undergraduate major, but if you know youre interested in heading down this career path, be sure to fulfill any science prerequisites that may be necessary for graduate school.

If youve got your sights set on a naturopathic doctor career right from the start, there are undergraduate naturopathic programs which include 20 semester or 30 quarter credits of chemistry, botany, biology, anatomy and physiology.

If youre looking to earn a master of science in alternative medicine degree, youre in luck. Theres no shortage of graduate programs, but youll need to determine what area of the field you want to focus on.

Concentrations include:

As an example of coursework in an MS program for alternative medicine, the National College of Natural Medicine (NCNM) Master of Science in Integrative Medicine Research includes these classes:

Physiology and health, nutrition, physical medicine and pulse reading are other topics youll be trained in.

Just like a medical doctor (MD), naturopathic doctors need the most advanced degree to practice. In fact, NDs learn the same basic sciences as an MD, but theyre also schooled in a vast array of alternative medicine techniques.

To become an ND, students must be trained in:

Clinical training will be another crucial aspect in your doctoral education.With clinical experience, youll meet with patients and get a sense of the environment you could one day be working in.

Your field of expertise will determine your licensure requirements. Licensure is done through the state you plan to work in, while certifications are generally provided by industry organizations. Certification does not necessarily mean you are licensed to practice.

Naturopathic Doctor

Not all states distribute licenses for alternative medicine practitioners, but the following 16 states do, along with the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and the U.S Virgin Islands. The American Association of Naturopathic Physicians (AANP) is a proponent of licensure in all 50 states.

The Homeopathic Academy of Naturopathic Physicians (HANP) certifies NDs.

Homeopathic program graduates are licensed through the Council for Homeopathic Certification (CHC). In Arizona, Connecticut and Nevada, licensed homeopaths are also physicians. Meanwhile, unlicensed practitioners are allowed to practice homeopathy in California, Idaho, Louisiana, Rhode Island, Minnesota and Oklahoma. If you refer to yourself as a homeopathic doctor, youll need to have a medical license, otherwise you can work as a homeopathic counselor.

Hypnotherapy

Several certification organizations give their seal of approval to hypnotherapists including the American Association of Professional Hypnotherapists (AAPH), the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis (SCEH) and the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ACSH).

Certification can also be obtained via the American Board of Medical Hypnosis, the American Board of Psychological Hypnosis, the American Board of Hypnosis in Dentistry and the American Hypnosis Board for Clinical Social Work.

Holistic Health Practitioner

The American Association of Drugless Practitioners certifies holistic health practitioners.

Naturopathic degree programs train students to become an expert in the field of alternative medicine as well as how to work with patients seeking a different form of medical treatment. ND programs are rigorous and prepare students to work as a primary care physician.

In addition to a clinical practicum, courses will teach you about:

Your level of education will determine how much schooling youll need. An alternative medicine degree can take the following time to complete:

Not unlike traditional medical schools, online naturopathic programs exist, but professional organizations often discourage students from distance learning because medicine is such a hands-on field.

The Council on Naturopathic Medical Education (CNME), the accreditation body for ND schools, doesnt accredit online programs. If you earn a degree from a non-accredited school, youll be unable to sit for the professional exam to become licensed as an ND.

If you work in a state where NDs arent licensed and youve earned a degree from a non-accredited school, you can still use the ND title, but cannot present yourself as a physician. Instead, you can use your expertise to counsel patients.

If youre looking to earn a certificate in hypnotherapy or homeopathy, online programs are available.

If you attend a four-year naturopathic school tuition full time, expect to pay approximately $25,000* per year. While the cost can be steep, find out if your school offers financial aid, scholarships or grants.

Making sure your school is accredited is particularly important if youll be applying for financial aid. These schools qualify for federal and state financial aid, such as work-study programs and Stafford loans.

Programs for homeopathy and hypnotherapy cost less because theyre usually shorter in length and offered to practicing NDs and MDs as a way to complement their services.

Homeopathic school tuition runs between $200 and $7,500. The reason for the wide range in cost is length of time. Programs in the $200 to $1,000 range are generally week-long or weekend seminars, while the more expensive courses last longer and are more in-depth.

*Cost of tuition only. Prices do not reflect other fees.

ND program prerequisites

While each school has their own requirements, most NDs will expect incoming students to have:

Homeopathy program prerequisites

Pay attention to the prerequisites for homeopathic programs as some are geared strictly for medical professionals. These will require a medical license as a prerequisite. Programs offered for anyone interested in the practice generally dont have prerequisites.

Accreditation is an important part of your alternative medicine education. Its the seal of approval that a schools program provides a standard of education accepted in the industry. Be aware there are different bodies of accreditation based on the area of medicine you plan to practice.

Naturopathic Doctor

Attending a school which is not accredited by the Council on Naturopathic Medical Education (CNME) will be a hindrance if you try to sit for a professional board exam. Only graduates of CNME-accredited schools are permitted to take these exams.

Homeopathy

Classical homeopathy programs are accredited by the Accreditation Commission for Homeopathic Education in North America.

The Higher Learning Commission of the North Central Association, which is recognized by the U.S. Department of Education, is another accreditation body you may come across.

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Alternative Medicine Degree - Natural Healers

Perth mum’s death from excessive protein leads to government probe of sports food supplements – Perth Now

FEDERAL Health Minister Greg Hunt has ordered the national food and medicine watchdogs to investigate the regulation of sports food supplements.

Mr Hunt made the request this week after the revelation that protein supplements contributed to the death of Mandurah mum Meegan Hefford.

The 25-year-olds death made headlines around the world this week and sparked debate about the safety of high-protein diets and use of sports supplements.

A spokesman for Mr Hunt said the minister had asked Food Standards Australia New Zealand and the Therapeutic Goods Administration this week to clarify the regulatory status of these types of products.

Some of these products do not appear to fit neatly under the Food Standard 2.9.4 Formulated Supplementary Sports Foods as they lack nutritional value, he said.

We look forward to receiving the recommendations from FSANZ and the TGA.

He said section 2.9.4 of the legislation was intended to allow sports food supplements to be specially formulated to help people achieve specific nutritional or sporting performance goals.

But there were concerns of a potential adverse outcome for someone using the product as a main source of nutrition.

WA Healths environmental health director Jim Dodds, who is the WA Health Ministers FSANZ proxy, said people shouldnt use sports supplements without being advised by a health professional.

He said the WA Government was doing substantial work with the Commonwealth to try to clarify definitions for sports food supplements. He said allowing greater food innovations in Australia had made it that little bit more difficult to control that industry.

Mr Dodds said the industry was always pushing for its products to be regarded as food which had less regulatory restrictions than medicine.

So its about walking that fine line... and were doing our best to make sure (companies) dont overstep the line, he said.

He said WA Health worked closely with local councils to enforce the legislation which included ensuring products didnt have misleading labelling and marketing.

Meegans mother Michelle White said it was encouraging that people were getting a better understanding of the dangers of taking supplements.

Ms White said she had been contacted by people from around the world expressing their sympathies and shock over Meegans death, including a man from New York who lost his sister in 2013 in similar circumstances.

Meegan was unaware she had a genetic defect called urea cycle disorder which prevented her body from properly processing protein. This led to a build-up of ammonia in her bloodstream which poisoned her brain.

Meegans death certificate listed intake of bodybuilding supplements as contributing to her death as well as the previously undiagnosed disorder.

Royal Australian College of General Practitioners president Dr Bastian Seidel said an increasing number of Australians were putting their health and lives at risk because of supplements.

The perception is that its safe because its marketed as safe ... but the opposite is true for a lot of those supplements, he said.

He said the general public didnt know enough about how supplements were harmful when interacting with medicines and existing health conditions.

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There’s a Reason Probiotics Do Very Little – But a New Type of Pill Could Change That – ScienceAlert

Probiotics - pricey supplements designed to support the trillions of bacteria blossoming in our guts - have become a big business, with a market that is projected to exceed US$57 billion in the next five years.

"Probiotics are probably the single most important new food category to emerge in the last 20 years," Scott Bass, the head of the Global Life Sciences team at law firm Sidley Austin LLP and an adviser for the FDA on its first dietary supplement website, told Business Insider.

The idea behind the pills is simple: foster the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut and curb the growth of the bad bacteria to improve digestion, boost the immune system, and even lower rates of certain diseases.

Putting that idea into practice, however, has proven a bit more complicated than some scientists initially envisioned.

So far, the effects of existing probiotic supplements have been all over the map - sometimes they help, but most of the time, they don't.

Nevertheless, supplement-makers continue to advertise their pills as beneficial for everything from weight loss to treating lactose intolerance.

The problem is that while most probiotic formulas contain tens of millions of beneficial bacteria, like Lactobacillus acidophilus, fewer than a hundred or so of those bacteria actually make it into your gut.

"Thirty billion Lactobacillus sounds good, but after going through the stomach acid, only about 43 of them survive," Ian Orme, a distinguished professor of microbiology and pathology at Colorado State University, told Business Insider.

These "good" bacteria are supposed to replace the "bad" bacteria (like Bifidobacteria) and help you feel better.

"In other words these 43 or so bacteria politely ask the million or so anaerobic Bifidobacteria to please leave," said Orme. "Yeah, sure."

There are some specific incidences where the research suggests that the pills could actually help.

A rigorous 2014 review of probiotics research concluded that the supplements could be especially helpful for newborns with intensive needs.

Adding "good" bacteria to the guts of infants at risk of developing the life-threatening gut disease necrotising enterocolitis, for example, significantly reduced the chances that they'd come down with the disease.

More recently, researchers have been experimenting with supplements called synbiotics, which combine a probiotic bacterial strain with what's called a prebiotic - essentially a type of sugar designed to feed the beneficial bacteria and help it thrive in the gut.

The idea is that the pre- and the pro-biotic would work together to provide a combined benefit - while the probiotic settles in and pushes out the "bad" bacteria, the prebiotic hangs around and acts as its food supply, ensuring that the supplement sticks around and does its job.

Just this month, as part of the first large-scale clinical trial of its kind, researchers working in rural India found that newborns who were given a synbiotic were at a substantially lower risk of developing sepsis, a potentially fatal condition characterised by severe infection.

Some small studies have suggested that synbiotics could provide benefits to a range of other conditions influenced by the gut microbiome as well, including obesity, diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but larger-scale clinical trials focusing on each of those conditions are needed.

So if you see a probiotic - or a synbiotic - for sale at your local health-foods store, know that the existing research backing up its claims is very limited.

This article was originally published by Business Insider.

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There's a Reason Probiotics Do Very Little - But a New Type of Pill Could Change That - ScienceAlert

No subway service on Line 2 from Kipling and Islington stations this weekend – CBC.ca

There is no subway service on Line 2 from Kipling and Islington stations this weekend due to track upgrades.

The Toronto Transit Commission says shuttle buses will run frequentlyand the 192 Airport Rocket service, which will stop at both Kipling and Islington stations this weekend, will see more buses.

Regular subway service is expected to resumeMonday at 6 a.m.

Wheel-Trans buses will also operate from Kipling and Jane stations upon request. Customers can speak with TTC staffto request the service.

Several events around the city will affect TTC service on surface routes.

The Taste of Manila will closeBathurstStreetbetween Wilsonand Laurelcrest avenues from Saturday at 12:01 a.m. to Sunday at midnight, causing the 7/307 Bathurst and 160 Bathurst North services to divert via Wilson AvenueFaywood Boulevardand Laurelcrest Avenue.

Bloor StreetWestfrom Montrose Avenueto Yonge Street, and Yonge Streetfrom Bloor to Queen streets will be closed on Sunday from 8:30 a.m. to 3 p.m.for Open Streets TO. The 161 Rogers Road bus will divert to and from Ossington Station via Ossington Avenue and Dupont Street.

Wheels on the Danforthwill closeDanforth Avenue from Byngto Warden avenues and Danforth Roadwill be closed from Landry to Danforthavenues on Saturday between 7 a.m. and midnight.

The closure will cause the 113 Danforth and 20 Cliffside services to divert in both directions via Warden Avenue, Clonmore Drive, Gerrard StreetEastand Victoria Park Avenue.

There will be several other scheduled subway closures in coming weeks. Line 2 will be closed fromSt. George to Broadview stations for city work on the Bloor Viaduct on Aug. 26. All of Line 3 will be closed for life-extension work on Aug. 27.Line 1 will be closed from Lawrence West to Sheppard West for track work on Sept. 9 and 10.

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No subway service on Line 2 from Kipling and Islington stations this weekend - CBC.ca

Strategies to cope with family stress – Michigan State University Extension

Strategies to cope with family stress Coping strategies to guide you and your family when dealing with everyday stress and crisis situations.

Posted on August 18, 2017 by Terry Clark-Jones, Michigan State University Extension

Stress is normal and unavoidable. It comes in a variety of forms and means different things to different people. We encounter stress in a variety of different situations and in different amounts. Stress can come from ordinary events like heavy traffic or a long line at the store or it can be a result of a crisis event; like the loss of a job or a death in the family.

How you and your family handle these stressors will predict your future success as both individuals and as a family. When the stress in your life seems to affect your everyday life, it is time to make a change. There is not a single perfect way to survive the stressful events in your life. It is more of a process of figuring out what works best for you at a particular point in time.

Here are some tips to help you work out what works best for you and your family:

For more information and programs on stress and anger management, please visit Michigan State University Extension. MSU Extension offers a variety of educational programs throughout the state. To find a program near you, contact your local county office for more information.

This article was published by Michigan State University Extension. For more information, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu. To have a digest of information delivered straight to your email inbox, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu/newsletters. To contact an expert in your area, visit http://expert.msue.msu.edu, or call 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464).

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Strategies to cope with family stress - Michigan State University Extension

Franklin signs contract extension worth $34.7 million – Williamsport Sun-Gazette

Penn State head coach James Franklin directs his team during NCAA college football practice on the outdoor fields at Lasch in State College, Pa., Monday, July 31, 2017. (Joe Hermitt/PennLive.com via AP)

James Franklin is now the fourth-highest paid coach in college football after agreeing to a new six-year contract with Penn State that will guarantee him $34.7 million.

A contract extension seemed to be a given after Franklin led the Nittany Lions to a Big Ten title, 11-3 record and top 10 finish last season. The contract negotiations took longer than most expected, but both sides reached an agreement, and terms of the deal were announced Friday.

Franklin will earn an average of $5.8 million per year over the life of the contract, figuring in base salary and all additional income. He will be the highest-paid African-American coach in college football and the second-highest paid at any level of football, behind only Mike Tomlin of the Pittsburgh Steelers ($7 million).

Oddly enough, though, Franklin is still just the third-highest paid coach in the Big Ten East Division, behind Michigans Jim Harbaugh and Ohio States Urban Meyer (see fact box).

My family and I are very thankful to be a part of the Penn State community, Franklin said in a university release. I am pleased with the progress our program has made in the community, in the classroom and on the field.

I look forward to diligently working with President (Eric) Barron and Director of Athletics Sandy Barbour on implementing a plan that puts our university and our student-athletes in the best position to compete on the field and in life.

Franklins annual salary breakdown:

2017: $4,300,000

2018: $4,500,000

2019: $5,350,000

2020: $5,650,000

2021: $5,950,000

2022: $6,250,000

He also will be due an additional retention bonus at the end of each calendar year. That will pay him $300,000 each of the first four years, then $500,000 in 2021 and $1 million in 2022.

There also are significant bonuses, ranging from $200,000 just for getting to a bowl game, to $800,000 for winning a national title.

The contract buyout for Franklin, should he leave PSU, is relatively small by current standards. Its $2 million this year, but only $1 million over the final five years of the contract.

Franklin came to Penn State from Vanderbilt in 2014 and, despite dealing with heavy NCAA sanctions, went 7-6 each of his first two seasons. The Lions entered last season with some higher hopes, but got off to a 2-2 start that included losses at rival Pitt and a 49-10 blowout at Michigan.

Penn State got on a roll after the Michigan loss, winning its final eight regular-season games, including a stunning 24-21 victory over No. 2 Ohio State at Beaver Stadium. The Lions rallied to beat Wisconsin in the Big Ten championship game to earn a berth in the Rose Bowl, where they lost a thriller to USC, 52-49.

Penn State finished last season ranked No. 7, and it is ranked in the top 10 in most major polls this preseason.

On top of the success on the field, Franklin and his staff have done an exceptional job in recruiting. The Lions currently have the No. 1 recruiting class in the nation, according to Rivals.com.

Add it all up, and it was obvious Franklin soon would be getting a new contract. His initial deal with Penn State was for six years and would have run out in 2019.

James and his staff have done an exceptional job with our football student-athletes and in all aspects of the football program, Barbour said in the university statement. His values are Penn States values and they resonate throughout every member of the organization and team he has built.

James is a tremendous leader of young men, motivating them to extend their reach and impact far beyond what they might have thought possible on the field, in the classroom and community. We are excited about continuing to work together to strive to make a lifetime of impact, win championships and celebrate many successes on and off the field along the way.

James Franklins contract status has been widely discussed for the past year. Franklin went from approaching ...

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Franklin signs contract extension worth $34.7 million - Williamsport Sun-Gazette

Steve Bannon made Donald Trump who he is – Chicago Tribune

Stephen K. Bannon may be gone, but he won't soon be forgotten. Firing the chief strategist from the White House will bolster the frayed hopes of Chief of Staff John F. Kelly that he might somehow corral the raging bull in the Oval Office. Plenty of china has been smashed since January, but a few dishes maybe even the prized platter of tax reform could yet be rescued. Maybe.

But Bannon played a role for President Donald Trump that no one else can fill, one that Trump will pine for like a junkie pines for smack. The impresario of apocalyptic politics gave Trump a grandiose image of himself at a time when the real estate mogul was building a movement but had no real ideas.

Until Bannon came along, Trump was a political smorgasbord. He had been a Democrat, an independent and a Republican. He had been pro-choice and anti-abortion. He did business in the Middle East and tweeted about a Muslim ban. As for deep policy debates, he really couldn't be bothered. He was a vibe, a zeitgeist not a platform.

Bannon convinced him that he was something more than a political neophyte with great instincts and perfect timing. Trump, Bannon purred in his ear, was the next wave of world history. He painted a picture of Trump as a world-historical force, the revolutionary leader of a "new political order," as the strategist told Time magazine earlier this year.

Under the influence of a pair of generational theorists, William Strauss and Neil Howe, Bannon conceives of American history as a repeating cycle of four phases. A generation struggles with an existential crisis: the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, World War II. The next generation builds institutions to prevent a future crisis. The next generation rebels against the institutions, leading to a "Fourth Turning," in which the next crisis comes. Believing that another crisis is upon us, Bannon framed a role in Trump's imagination for the former real estate mogul to remake the world. To the list of crisis presidents George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and Franklin D. Roosevelt they would add the name of Trump.

With Bannon gone, the White House might become a place less in love with conflict and chaos. But it is hard to think that Trump will be happy without aides who can paint such a picture for him. He will be looking for ways to keep in touch with his Svengali, because once you've been a Man of Destiny, it's hard to go back to being a guy who got lucky.

David Von Drehle writes a twice-weekly column for The Post. He was previously an editor-at-large for Time Magazine, and is the author of four books, including "Rise to Greatness: Abraham Lincoln and Americas Most Perilous Year" and "Triangle: The Fire That Changed America."

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Steve Bannon made Donald Trump who he is - Chicago Tribune