Reflections on Leadership: 21st U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services | Kathleen Sebelius
Kathleen Sebelius, the 21st U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services, spoke at the Harvard School of Public Health as part of the Voices in Leadership series on October 21, 2014. Watch the...
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Hadley Heath Manning discusses role of health care in midterm elections
CCTV America interviewed Hadley Heath Manning, director of health policy for the Independent Women #39;s Forum about the role health care will play in the U.S. m...
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Hadley Heath Manning discusses role of health care in midterm elections - Video
Stree Shatru - Health Care Tips, Women #39;s Health - Tv9
TV9 - Stree Shatru - Health Care Tips, Women #39;s Health Subscribe to Tv9 Kannada: https://youtube.com/tv9kannada Circle us on G+: https://plus.google.c...
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Pathetic state of the Primary Health Care Centre at Melur
Pathetic state of the Primary Health Care Centre at Melur CLICK THE LINK BELOW FOR LATEST NEWS UPDATES http://puthiyathalaimurai.tv/
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Pathetic state of the Primary Health Care Centre at Melur - Video
Health Care Careers: Physicians
Learn about what it takes to be a physician. This video has been brought to you by the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Career Services.
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Health Care Careers: Physicians Assistant
Learn about what it takes to be a physician #39;s assistant. This video has been brought to you by the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire Career Services.
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Health care may seem like it's faded into the background this midterm election cycle, but there is actually a lot at stake for many aspects of Obamacare.
In particular, the future of Medicaid expansion may be altered depending on which way the votes go.
Heres a guide to what could change and why it matters:
First, an Explanation
Medicaid is a federally funded program that provides health care to low-income Americans. The Affordable Care Act expanded the program to cover more people, but a ruling by the Supreme Court allowed states to choose whether or not to implement that provision. To date, 23 states -- mostly conservative and Republican-controlled -- have elected not to expand.
Why Not Expand?
The main argument against expansion is that its too expensive and the federal government cant continue supporting it long-term, said Scott Brunner, a senior analyst with the Kansas Health Institute and a former Kansas state Medicaid director.
Many non-expansion states want to focus on improving quality of care before offering it to more people, he added.
Those in favor of expansion believe it would provide health care to hundreds of thousands more people who currently cant afford it, Brunner said, adding that a larger program might also stimulate the economy by creating health care-related jobs.
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MONROVIA, Liberia (AP) The Ebola outbreak has spawned a "silent killer," experts say: hidden cases of malaria, pneumonia, typhoid and the like that are going untreated because people in the countries hardest hit by the dreaded virus either cannot find an open clinic or are too afraid to go to one.
Evidence of what the World Health Organization calls an "emergency within the emergency" is everywhere in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, the West African countries worst hit by the Ebola epidemic.
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PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:
4-Nov-2014
Contact: Garth Hogan ghogan@asmusa.org American Society for Microbiology @ASMnewsroom
WASHINGTON, DC November 4, 2014 Filoviruses like Ebola "edit" genetic material as they invade their hosts, according to a study published this week in mBio, the online open-access journal of the American Society for Microbiology. The work, by researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, the Galveston National Laboratory, and the J. Craig Venter Institute, could lead to a better understanding of these viruses, paving the way for new treatments down the road.
Using a laboratory technique called deep sequencing, investigators set out to investigate filovirus replication and transcription, processes involved in the virus life cycle. They studied the same Ebola virus species currently responsible for an outbreak in West Africa, and also analyzed a related filovirus, Marburg virus, that caused a large outbreak in Angola in 2005 and recently emerged in Uganda. The scientists infected both a monkey and human cell line with both viruses, and analyzed the genetic material produced by each virus, called RNA.
Their results highlight regions in Ebola and Marburg virus RNAs where the polymerase of the virus (a protein that synthesizes the viral RNA) stutters at specific locations, adding extra nucleotides (molecules that form the building blocks of genetic material like DNA and RNA), thereby "editing" the new RNAs. The study found new features at a described RNA editing site in the Ebola glycoprotein RNA, which makes the protein that coats the surface of the virus. Their work also identified less frequent but similar types of editing events in other Ebola and Marburg virus genes the first time this has been demonstrated. Because of these messenger RNA modifications, Ebola and Marburg are potentially making proteins "that we previously didn't realize," said Christopher F. Basler, PhD, senior study author and professor of microbiology at Mount Sinai.
"The bottom line is we know these changes occur but we don't yet know what it really means in the biology of the virus," Basler said. There are many aspects of how the viruses replicate that aren't yet understood, he said, "so we need a complete description of how they grow to develop new strategies used to treat the infections."
The study also illustrated how the filoviruses express their genes, and deep sequencing identified all seven messenger RNAs within six hours of infection.
"Our study suggests that the Ebola virus is making forms of proteins previously undescribed," said lead author Reed Shabman, PhD, an assistant professor at the J. Craig Venter Institute in Rockville, Md. Shabman was at Mount Sinai when the study was initiated. "Understanding the products of these viruses is critical to understanding how to target them."
In addition, he said, proteins produced by the glycoprotein editing site are associated with virulence in animals, "so it's of great interest to understand how that protein is made, and in as much detail as possible."
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Ebola, Marburg viruses edit genetic material during infection
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Newswise Asthma may be more harmful than was previously thought, according to UCLA researchers who found that genetic damage is present in circulating, or peripheral, blood. Doctors previously thought that the genetic damage it caused was limited to the lungs.
In the study, researchers looked for the overexpression of a cytokine called interleukin 13 (IL-13), which is known to mediate inflammation, a critical problem for people with asthma.
The study, which was conducted in an animal model that mimicked human asthma, was the first to assess the role of IL-13 in genetic damage to cells, or genotoxicity, said its senior author, Robert Schiestl, a professor of pathology and radiation oncology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.
Asthma is a very widespread disease, and we show for the first time an association between asthma and genotoxicity in peripheral blood, said Schiestl, who also is a professor of environmental health sciences at the Fielding School of Public Health at UCLA. This is important because it shows a whole-body effect from asthma, not just damage in the lungs.
The findings were published today in the peer-reviewed journal Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis.
Schiestl said it appears that IL-13 increases important elements of the inflammatory response, including reactive oxygen species molecules ions or very small molecules that include free radicals. His research team found that ROS-derived oxidative stress induced genetic damage with four types of systemic effects in the peripheral blood: Oxidative DNA damage. Single and double DNA strand breaks. Micronucleus formation. Protein damage.
Schiestl said all four effects causes the chromosomes to become unstable, which could result in a variety of other diseases.
We found four different markers of DNA damage and one marker of protein damage in blood cells in the body periphery, which was very surprising, Schiestl said. This could indicate that other organs in asthmatics have a higher risk of developing disease.
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Genetic Damage Caused by Asthma Shows Up in Circulating Blood Stream, Too
PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:
4-Nov-2014
Contact: Bob Nellis newsbureau@mayo.edu 507-284-5005 Mayo Clinic @MayoClinic
ROCHESTER, Minn. In an international study, Mayo Clinic researchers and collaborators have identified genetic markers that may help in identifying individuals who could benefit from the alcoholism treatment drug acamprosate. The findings, published in the journal Translational Psychiatry, show that patients carrying these genetic variants have longer periods of abstinence during the first three months of acamprosate treatment.
Acamprosate is a commonly prescribed drug used to aid patients in recovery from alcoholism. Mayo researchers studied the association between variation in candidate genes and the length of sobriety in alcohol-dependent patients treated with acamprosate in community-based programs. They found that, when other environmental and physiological factors were considered, patients with the common allele of the genetic variant rs2058878 located in the GRIN2B gene, stayed sober more days than those with a variant allele of the same polymorphism. This finding was replicated in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients treated with acamprosate in a study conducted by collaborators from Germany.
"This association finding is a first step towards development of a pharmacogenetic test allowing physicians to choose appropriate treatment for specific subgroups of alcohol-dependent patients," says Victor Karpyak, M.D., Ph.D., Mayo Clinic psychiatrist and lead author of the article. "We believe that individualized treatment selection will eliminate the need for trial-and-error approaches and improve treatment efficacy in patients with alcohol use disorders."
The Mayo findings support evidence implicating an important role of the N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the treatment effects of acamprosate. The researchers say more studies are needed to determine potential importance of identified genetic variants in the longer-term effects of acamprosate, as well as the molecular and physiological mechanisms behind the drug's action.
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The study was funded in part by the Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine; the SC Johnson Genomics of Addiction Program at Mayo Clinic; the National Institutes of Health; the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences; the National Genome Research Network of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; the Bundesministerium fr Bildung und Forschung; and the Alfred Krupp von Bolen und Halbach-Stiftung (Foundation).
Other authors include J. M. Biernacka, Ph.D., Jennifer Geske, G.D. Jenkins, J.M. Cunningham, Ph.D., A.A. Leontovich, Ph.D., O.A. Abulseoud, M.D., Daniel Hall-Flavin, M.D., L.L. Loukianova, M.D., Ph.D., T.D. Schneekloth, M.D., M.K. Skime, Richard Weinshilboum, M.D., Mark Frye, M.D., and D.S. Choi, Ph.D., of Mayo Clinic; J. Ruegg, Karolinska Institutet; O. Kononenko, Uppsala University; J. Frank, M.D., M. Rietschel, M.D., F. Kiefer, M.D., and K. F. Mann, M.D., Mannheim-Heidelburg University; and M.M. Nthen, M.D., University of Bonn.
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Mayo Clinic researchers discover genetic markers for alcoholism recovery
BI280 Chapter 10 Genetic Engineering - Part 1 of 1
By: Heidi Bulfer
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BI280 Chapter 10 Genetic Engineering - Part 2 of 2
By: Heidi Bulfer
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Microfluidics Enables Practical Applications of Genetic Engineering:Synthetic Biology Advances
By: MIT Industrial Liaison Program (ILP)
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The big agribusiness companies have achieved regulatory capture of government agenciesbut not in the way that many people think. At the urging of industry, since the 1980s federal agencies have over-regulated genetically engineered plants, animals and microorganismsat great cost to U.S.-based R&D and, ultimately, to consumers.
Its no secret that although the Internet has vastly enriched our lives in many respects, it has downsidesless interpersonal interaction, more anonymous snarkiness, online harassment and even cyber-stalking.
The net has also made it difficult to stop or correct the promulgation of misinformation, as I have learned to my dismay: A valid observation I made to a New York Times reporter for a 2001 article on the regulation of genetic engineering has been repeatedly taken out of context and misrepresented by activists. It continues to appear anewstill out of context and misconstrued13 years later.
Here is the portion of the original article that is often quoted on anti-genetic engineering websites (such as here and here):
Even longtime Washington hands said that the control this nascent [agbiotech] industry exerted over its own regulatory destinythrough the Environmental Protection Agency, the Agriculture Department and ultimately the Food and Drug Administrationwas astonishing. In this area, the U.S. government agencies have done exactly what big agribusiness has asked them to do and told them to do, said Dr. Henry Miller, a senior research fellow at the Hoover Institution, who was responsible for biotechnology issues at the Food and Drug Administration from 1979 to 1994.
Sounds like a Eureka! moment, right? A former senior regulatorrevealing an egregious example of what economists call regulatory captureagencies that were created to act in the public interest instead advancing the interests of the industry or sector they oversee by implementing too-lenient regulation. (Economics Nobel Laureate George Stigler developed this concept.) Thats what activistsand even somejournalists who failed to do their homeworkwould have you believe.
That excerpt has been misrepresented to imply that companies applying the molecular techniques of genetic engineering to agriculture (the exemplar of which was, and is, Monsanto) wanted, and got, less regulatory scrutiny than was warranted, possibly putting consumers and the environment at risk.
Actually, my statement was intended to convey exactly the opposite, as was clear from verbiage in the article that preceded the passage quoted above:
Although the Reagan administration had been championing deregulation across multiple industries, Monsanto had a different idea: the company wanted its new technology, genetically modified food, to be governed by rules issued in Washingtonand wanted the White House to champion the idea. There were no products at the time, Leonard Guarraia, a former Monsanto executive who attended the [Vice President George H.W.] Bush meeting, recalled in a recent interview. But we bugged him for regulation. We told him that we have to be regulated.
The genetically improved varieties that had been crafted for centuries with older, less precise, less predictable techniques of genetic modification neither needed nor received any government review or imprimatur for field trials or commercialization. Butfor its new varieties crafted with state-of-the art molecular techniques, the big agribusiness companies wanted sui generis regulatory requirements that would be far in excess of what scientific considerations and the principles of sound regulation dictated. And as the Times article related, [T]he White House complied, working behind the scenes to help Monsantolong a political power with deep connections in Washingtonget the regulations that it wanted.
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Election judges check signatures on ballots at the Denver Election Headquarters in downtown Denver, November 04, 2014. Closes races in Colorado are drawing a last minute rush to vote on election day. (RJ Sangosti, The Denver Post)
Voters dished up rejection for Proposition 105, labeling of genetically modified foods, with 35 percent of votes counted.
The measure would have required labels for GMOs foods produced with genetic engineering or containing genetically modified ingredients. More than 68 percent of voters said no to labeling.
Most processed foods sold in America include GMO ingredients such as corn syrup, corn oil, soybean crops and sugar.
Supporters of GMO labeling, such as Right to Know Colorado, Whole Foods and Natural Grocers, said it would give consumers a choice about what they serve their families.
It's a label, not a ban, alerting people to an unnatural manipulation of food, they argued.
Opponents of Prop 105 said the measure would create new costs and red tape for farmers, food manufacturers and grocery stores and consequently would run up grocery bills and cost taxpayers millions for the government oversight.
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Colorado Prop 105: GMO food fight won by opponents of labeling
Genetically engineering tumors in mice, a technique that has dominated cancer research for decades, may not replicate important features of cancers caused by exposure to environmental carcinogens, according to a new study led by UC San Francisco scientists. In addition to pointing the way to better understanding of environmental causes of cancer, the findings may help explain why many patients do not benefit from, or develop resistance to, targeted drug therapies.
In the new research, reported November 2, 2014 in the advance online edition of Nature, a team led by UCSF graduate student Peter M.K. Westcott found that chemically induced lung tumors in mice carry hundreds of point mutationsdeleterious alterations of single letters in the genomethat are not present in tumors induced by genetic engineering. The researchers demonstrated that chemically induced tumors display a starkly different mutational landscape even when chemicals cause a tumor-initiating mutation that is identical to that created by direct genetic manipulation.
Since the 1980s, when genetic engineering came along, the mouse model community has been working on genetically engineered canceryou put a gene in or take a gene out, and you get a tumor, said Allan Balmain, PhD, the Barbara Bass Bakar Distinguished Professor in Cancer Genetics at UCSF and senior author of the study. But its only now that were beginning to analyze what has happened between that first engineered change and the ultimate development of an aggressive tumor.
The new work made use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology, which allows researchers to analyze the genomic sequence of tumors or of normal tissue letter-by-letter. For the Nature study, the group used a form of NGS known as whole-exome sequencing, which comprehensively analyzes the portion of the genome that contains the code for producing proteins.
The findings dovetail well with those from NGS-based studies of human tumors, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) initiative spearheaded by the National Cancer Institute and National Human Genome Research Institute, which have revealed mutational signatures, some of which can be definitively tied to environmental exposures. For example, distinctive patterns of point mutations are now known to differentiate lung cancer in smokers from that affecting non-smokers.
The results are also consistent with observations that tumors arising in human organs that are most directly exposed to environmental carcinogensthe skin, gastrointestinal system, and lungsare more prone to point mutations than more protected organs such as the brain, breast, and prostate gland.
We humans smoke cigarettes, drink alcohol, and spend too much time in the sun, all of which cause us to accumulate point mutations that are major determinants of the behavior of tumors, especially of how a tumor responds to therapy, said Balmain, co-leader of the Cancer Genetics Program at UCSFs Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center. All this heterogeneity is being missed with genetically engineered tumors, because they dont reflect these environmental effects.
But only a very small number of the 25 mutational signatures revealed by NGS in human tumors so far have been convincingly tied to environmental exposures, Balmain said, so there is much to learn. Other very unusual, very specific signatures have been seen in human studies that remain obscure. Theyre like a smoking gunwe know theyre caused by something environmental, but were not sure what.
To date most epidemiological research on environmental causes of cancer has relied on patients and families to recall and document dietary habits, alcohol and tobacco use, or occupational exposures, and the rise of NGS offers an opportunity to approach these questions more rigorously, said Balmain.
To that end, Balmains research group is embarking on a collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, which maintains a collection of thousands of mouse and rat tumors caused by exposure to suspected human carcinogens. Through NGS analyses of that collection, the research team hopes to find mutational signatures that can be correlated with those seen in human cancer.
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Environmental Carcinogens Leave Distinctive Genetic Imprints in Tumors
By Cyndi Root
RetroSense Therapeutics announced in a press release that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Orphan Drug status to RST-001. The treatment for retinitis pigmentosa (RP) combines gene therapy and optogenetics. RetroSense developed the proprietary technology from research conducted at Wayne State University and Massachusetts General Hospital.
Sean Ainsworth, RetroSense CEO, said, We are hopeful that the benefits associated with Orphan Drug status will better enable us to advance RST-001 through development and ultimately into the marketplace where it may benefit many who are suffering from blindness due to retinitis pigmentosa.
Optogenetics
Retinitis pigmentosa causes the degeneration and loss of rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina, causing severe vision loss and blindness. Currently there are no FDA-approved drugs to treat RP. RetroSenses work in optogenetics involves making the retina more light sensitive, thereby improving vision. The company expects RST-100 to have broad applications and to be useful in heredity or acquired RP.
RST-001 uses a photosensitivity gene, channelrhodopsin-2, and creates new photosensors in the retinal cells. Channelrhodopsin-2 has been shown in numerous animal studies to restore light perception and vision, and in primate studies, the agent was well tolerated. RetroSense is using optogenetics and channelrhodopsin-2 in the pre-clinical stage and hopes to begin clinical trials soon.
Retinitis Pigmentosa and Gene Therapy
Astellas and Harvard recently announced a new partnership to use gene therapy in the study for retinitis pigmentosa. The collaboration is led by Constance L. Cepko, a professor of Genetics and Ophthalmology at Harvard. Using adeno-associated virus vectors (AAVV), the team will identify and characterize genes implicated in RP.
The UKs Telegraph reported early in 2014 that researchers at Oxford University have replaced a missing gene in the retina and reversed blindness. The results startled the investigators who did not expect to see such dramatic improvements. In the study on choroideremia, inherited blindness, scientists put the missing REP-1 protein back in the retina by inserting it into the DNA of a harmless virus and then injecting that DNA into the cells beneath the retina.
Since, a third of eye diseases are hereditary, the researchers are hopeful that the treatment is applicable to various eye diseases and conditions. The research team at Oxford is developing a Phase 2 trial on the investigational therapy.
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FDA Awards Orphan Status To RetroSense's RST-001 For Retinitis Pigmentosa
Syracuse, N.Y. Syracuse.com, which is celebrating its 20th anniversary, asked business leaders, futurists and scholars to predict the most high-impact developments in technology over the next five years and 20 years.
Here are the predictions of Anthony Rotolo, a technologist, futurist, author and professor at Syracuse University's S.I. Newhouse School of Public Communications: What will be the most high-impact developments in technology over the next five years?
I think the most high-impact developments in technology over the next few years will be be related to mobility not just the smartphones we know today, but new types of devices that will extend what we can do with technology on the go. The Apple Watch, for example, is a sign of things to come, but future versions of this idea will offer even more features to change and expand how we communicate and connect with each other, and also how we understand ourselves.
This means smarter health and fitness technology, faster and more secure ways to pay for the things we buy, enhanced cars and homes, and a more seamless integration of technology into all aspects of our busy lives. In the next five years, we will continue to embrace the benefits of a digital world where content and products are available on demand. What will be the most high-impact developments in technology over the next 20 years?
Twenty years from now, we will see far more dramatic results in every aspect of our digital world. "3-D printing" technology will be one of the driving forces that quite literally reshapes how we live and work. Just as information was digitized and shared online, so will the physical objects in our homes and stores become digital, downloadable and able to be produced almost instantly.
Today we are seeing only the smallest beginnings of 3-D printing, and already this technology is helping everyday people make their ideas and creations into real objects right at home. Doctors and scientists are already able to 3-D print custom prosthetics, while architects and contractors are 3-D printing homes and NASA prepares to send 3-D printers into space. In 20 years time, we will see widespread access to 3D printing at home, work and in school.
With the ability to fabricate real, usable objects from digital files, the tangible world will begin to behave like the digital information we know today. Soon we will be able to "send" real objects to each other, or quite literally download and print a new product, article of clothing, or perhaps even a new car!
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Futurist Anthony Rotolo: New devices will extend what we can do on the go
Omaha, NE (PRWEB) November 05, 2014
At the core of their mission, the Farm Credit Services of America believes "American agriculture has grown to become the largest, most efficient and productive food system in the world, but it remains a business of people." The FCS is hosting the Leaders Conference in Omaha, NE and their keynote speakers, agricultural trend expert Jack Uldrich and best selling author Joseph Grenny, will focus on how to maximize the leaders of the FCS's communication skills and ability to embrace change through forward thinking.
The theme of the event is "Transforming Tomorrow, and Uldrich will deliver his keynote "Foresight 2020: Ten Trends Transforming Tomorrow." One of Uldrich's main missions it to get his audience to think, not just outside the box, but also to be original, creative, imaginative, artistic, innovative, and resourceful within the box. He actively encourages his clients to take time to just think, if you can afford to, "take a whole week just to contemplate."
One concept he shares with his audiences is the 'disappearing word.' "To better understand the future," says Uldrich, "I frequently advise my audiences to be aware of descriptor phrases that will fade away in time. For example, we no longer say 'color TV,' its just TV. The same will eventually be true of 'precision' agriculture and 'prescriptive' planting. Soon, itll just be referred to as agriculture and planting. Ultimately, through encouraging his clients to think, he seeks to help his clients turn new ideas into strategy and action, and transform inspirational leaders with the power of awareness, to influence and shape change.
Uldrich who addressed the FCS in April will be discussing a number of business, political, social, economic, demographic and technological trends with the leaders in Omaha. Some of the trends he will be covering are precision agriculture, data mining/business analytics, biofuels, hydroponics, vertical farming, synthetic biology, cloud computing and supercomputing.
In addition to the top ten trends, Uldrich will also highlight how members of FCC Services can learn to embrace ambiguity;" why finding a reverse mentor could be crucial; and why taking small risks may very well be the safest thing they can do to position themselves for success in the years to come.
Uldrich, who is also recognized as a leading expert in the field of change management and unlearning, has addressed dozens of agricultural corporations and associations, including the PMA, Novozymes, Land O' Lakes, Ag Spectrum, MosaicAg, Case IH, The Christian Farmers Federation, The Iowa Institute for Cooperatives, The Agricultural Adaptation Council of Ontario, AgGateway, the California Ag Summit, along with several other clients in a variety of industries, like ABB/Thomas & Betts, Fiatech, United Healthcare, Cisco, IBM, and Wells Fargo.
Following his keynote in Omaha, Uldrich will round out the week speaking in Austin, Texas at the Clearesult Energy Summit providing a customized presentation on the future of energy efficiency, business and technological trends.
Parties interested in learning more about him, his books, his daily blog or his speaking availability are encouraged to visit his website. Media wishing to know more about either the event or interviewing Jack as a futurist or trend expert can contact Amy Tomczyk at (651) 343.0660.
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