Molecular and Functional Basis Established for Nitric Oxide Joining Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Respiratory Cycle

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Newswise Professor Jonathan Stamlers latest findings regarding nitric oxide have the potential to reshape fundamentally the way we think about the respiratory system and offer new avenues to save lives. It may be time to rewrite the textbooks.

Scientific dogma has the respiration process involving only two elements oxygen and carbon dioxide. Specifically, the delivery of oxygen from lungs to tissues, and the removal of the waste product, carbon dioxide, through exhaling.

Recently published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), Stamler and colleagues demonstrate that nitric oxide is essential for the delivery of oxygen to the cells and tissues that need it.

Stamler, MD, a Professor of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Cardiologist at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, led a team that showed that nitric oxide must accompany hemoglobin to enable blood vessels to open and then supply oxygen to tissues.

Doctors have long known that a major disconnect exists between the amount of oxygen carried in the blood and the amount of oxygen delivered to the tissues. Until now, they had no way to explain the discrepancy. The new findings show that nitric oxide within the red blood cell itself is the gatekeeper to the respiratory cycle nitric oxide makes the cycle run.

The bottom line is that we have discovered the molecular basis of blood flow control in the respiratory cycle loop, Stamler said. Its in the hemoglobin protein itself, which has the ability to deliver the nitric oxide together with oxygen. The simplified textbook view of two gases carried by hemoglobin is missing an essential element nitric oxide because blood flow to tissues is actually more important in most circumstances than how much oxygen is carried by hemoglobin. So the respiratory cycle is actually a three-gas system.

Stamlers previous research had revealed that the respiratory cycle was more than an oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange proposition. Stamler and colleagues also had shown that red blood cells carry and release nitric oxide, but had not yet explained the exact physiologic ramifications of nitric oxide release.

In this most recent research, investigators uncovered the key role of nitric oxide in controlling the blood flow in small vessels within tissues responsible for delivering oxygen (known as blood flow autoregulation) a process whose molecular basis had been a longstanding mystery in medicine. Investigators specifically examined the respiratory cycle in mice lacking the one amino acid site that carries nitric oxide in their red blood cells. Low and behold, blood flow autoregulation was eliminated entirely the animals could not oxygenate tissues.

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Molecular and Functional Basis Established for Nitric Oxide Joining Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Respiratory Cycle

Personalized Medicine World Conference (PMWC) to honor Jonathan Knowles

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OXFORD, England (PRWEB) April 09, 2015

Personalized medicine pioneer Jonathan Knowles, PhD has been named as the PMWC United Kingdom 2015 Honorary for his distinguished work advancing both the science and broader recognition of the personalized medicine field. Knowles career in personalized medicine stretches over several decades in both commercial and academic settings.

Dr. Knowles served as Roche President of Group Research and a Member of the Executive Committee. During his twelve years with the company, he helped focus efforts on key disease biology and in-depth understanding of molecular pathology of disease. Under his leadership, Roche developed and implemented a strategy for developing highly effective therapies based on personalized healthcare. His long-held passion for individualized medicine is exemplified by his role as Founding Chairman of the Innovative Medicines Initiative Board (IMI). This 5.5 billion public - private partnership facilitates innovative partnerships among key stakeholders to foster and drive innovation in medicine. He also held positions on the Board of Directors for Roche subsidiaries, Genentech and Chugai.

Prior to Roche, Knowles was the head of the Glaxo Institute in Geneva and Head of European Research for Glaxo Wellcome where he launched work on DNA Colony Sequencing technology which enables one of todays leading next generation DNA sequencing platforms.

In addition to his work in the commercial arena, Professor Knowles has made a significant impact in academia. He is currently a Visiting Professor at the University of Oxford; Professor Emeritus at EPFL, Lausanne; a Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization; and a visiting Scholar at Pembroke College, Cambridge. Knowles also held a Distinguished Professorship in Personalized Medicine at FIMM (Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland) at the University of Helsinki from 2010 to 2014.

In 2011, Knowles was appointed as a Trustee of Cancer Research UK, one of the worlds leading cancer research organizations and as a board member of A*Star, the leading state research organization in Singapore. He is currently Executive Chairman at two UK-based cancer immunotherapy companies, Immunocore, Ltd. and Adaptimmune, Ltd. Dr. Knowles also serves as a non-executive member of numerous biotech companies and on the international science advisory boards of several public organizations.

Precision medicine holds the potential to eradicate many of the seemingly incurable diseases that today cause untold human suffering. We are beginning to see progress thanks to contributions of individuals, like Jonathan Knowles, who has been a leader in advancing the science and in promoting the concept of personalized medicine for most of his career. I would like to congratulate Jonathan for receiving the PMWC United Kingdom 2015 Honors. Jonathan Sheldon, PhD, PMWC 2015 UK Program Chair and Global Vice President, Oracle Health Sciences.

Past recipients of The Personalized Medicine World Conference Honors include Leroy Hood, Co-inventor of the first DNA sequencer, George Church, Co-developer of the Human Genome Project, Brian Druker the Co-inventor of the blockbuster drug, Gleevec and more. The Personalized Medicine World Conference United Kingdom 2015 will be held at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History April 15-17 in Oxford, England. The award reception ceremony for Jonathan Knowles will be held April 15 from 7:00 to 8:30 pm. See program: http://2015uk.pmwcintl.com/program.php

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Personalized Medicine World Conference (PMWC) to honor Jonathan Knowles

Basis established for nitric oxide joining oxygen and carbon dioxide in respiratory cycle

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Discovery could lead to treatment focus on red blood cell dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases and blood disorders

Professor Jonathan Stamler's latest findings regarding nitric oxide have the potential to reshape fundamentally the way we think about the respiratory system - and offer new avenues to save lives. It may be time to rewrite the textbooks.

Scientific dogma has the respiration process involving only two elements -- oxygen and carbon dioxide. Specifically, the delivery of oxygen from lungs to tissues, and the removal of the waste product, carbon dioxide, through exhaling.

Recently published online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), Stamler and colleagues demonstrate that nitric oxide is essential for the delivery of oxygen to the cells and tissues that need it.

Stamler, MD, a Professor of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and Cardiologist at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, led a team that showed that nitric oxide must accompany hemoglobin to enable blood vessels to open and then supply oxygen to tissues.

Doctors have long known that a major disconnect exists between the amount of oxygen carried in the blood and the amount of oxygen delivered to the tissues. Until now, they had no way to explain the discrepancy. The new findings show that nitric oxide within the red blood cell itself is the gatekeeper to the respiratory cycle - nitric oxide makes the cycle run.

"The bottom line is that we have discovered the molecular basis of blood flow control in the respiratory cycle loop," Stamler said. "It's in the hemoglobin protein itself, which has the ability to deliver the nitric oxide together with oxygen. The simplified textbook view of two gases carried by hemoglobin is missing an essential element - nitric oxide - because blood flow to tissues is actually more important in most circumstances than how much oxygen is carried by hemoglobin. So the respiratory cycle is actually a three-gas system."

Stamler's previous research had revealed that the respiratory cycle was more than an oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange proposition. Stamler and colleagues also had shown that red blood cells carry and release nitric oxide, but had not yet explained the exact physiologic ramifications of nitric oxide release.

In this most recent research, investigators uncovered the key role of nitric oxide in controlling the blood flow in small vessels within tissues responsible for delivering oxygen (known as "blood flow autoregulation") - a process whose molecular basis had been a longstanding mystery in medicine. Investigators specifically examined the respiratory cycle in mice lacking the one amino acid site that carries nitric oxide in their red blood cells. Low and behold, blood flow autoregulation was eliminated entirely - the animals could not oxygenate tissues.

Initially, investigators found low oxygen levels in the animals' muscles at baseline, despite the animals' red blood cells carrying a full load of oxygen. When the mice were then stressed to bring on slight oxygen deprivation (hypoxia), the blood flow to their organs dropped precipitously. The lack of oxygen should have prompted a spike in blood flow to send more oxygenated blood to tissues and cells. Instead, the reduced blood flow and ensuing oxygen shortfall triggered heart attacks and heart failure in these nitric oxide-deficient animals.

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Basis established for nitric oxide joining oxygen and carbon dioxide in respiratory cycle

Barcelonas Martin Montoya Sinks Unreal Soccer-Basketball Trick Shot (Video)

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Barcelona defender Martin Montoya could consider mastering another sport if soccer doesnt work out for him.

Montoya hit an unbelievable, sport-blending trick shot Thursday at Barcelonas practice session, kicking a soccer ball a considerable distance straight into a basketball hoop. A cameraman was on hand to witness Montoyas epic moment and uploaded it to Instagram for our viewing pleasure.

Montoya would have found it difficult to hit that shot using his hands. That he sank it, hitting nothing but net, using his feet boggles the mind.

Montoya, 23, is by no means a star soccer player. He plays as a defender for Barcelona and rarely breaks into the La Liga (Spanish first division) leaders star-studded lineup. However, Montoya didnt need to thrill fans at the Camp Nou, Barcelonas home stadium, in order to become an Internet celebrity on this particular day.

Thumbnail photo via Twitter/@FCBarcelona

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Barcelonas Martin Montoya Sinks Unreal Soccer-Basketball Trick Shot (Video)

The Hush Sound – "Medicine Man," "Not Your Concern" and "Honey" (Live in San Diego 4-9-15) – Video

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The Hush Sound - "Medicine Man," "Not Your Concern" and "Honey" (Live in San Diego 4-9-15)
The Hush Sound performing Medicine Man, Not Your Concern and Honey live from their show at Revelle Plaza on the UCSD campus in La Jolla, CA on April 9, 2015. This was shot on a Sony ...

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The Hush Sound - "Medicine Man," "Not Your Concern" and "Honey" (Live in San Diego 4-9-15) - Video

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine

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The Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (JSSM)s App is free to download and enables you to access and read all articles freely for unlimited time on your iPad and iPhone. The App allows you to -read abstracts and full-text (pdf) of all articles in the current and back issues (archived content), and InPress section - share the articles via Facebook, Twitter, SMS and E-mail with you friends/colleagues- quickly search and navigate the articles- save the most relevant articles in pdf-format to your Favorites-view the articles pdfs in your Favorites when you are offline, so that you can read them whether youre connected to internet or not-control article font size with pinch zoom and a three-finger swipe up gesture- receive alerts when new articles and issues are availableABOUT The JSSM is a non-profit making scientific electronic journal, publishing peer-reviewed research and review articles, together with case studies, in the fields of sports medicine and the exercise sciences.JSSM is indexed in SCI Expanded, Focus on: Sports Science & Medicine, SciSearch, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, GoogleScholar, EBSCO, GALE .. By using the App, you are accepting the terms and conditions set out in our privacy policy at http://www.jssm.org/legalnotices.php

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Journal of Sports Science and Medicine

AMSSM Launches New Sports Medicine Website Geared Toward Parents and the Public

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Newswise The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) is pleased to announce the launch of its new patientfocused website, SportsMedToday.com. The site provides an easy-to-navigate, patient-centered resource center for parents, medical professionals and youth organizations interested in prevention and treatment of sports-related injuries.

We saw the need for an interactive, patient-centered site and are excited to offer it to the community, said Amy Powell, MD, AMSSM Board of Directors.

Visitors to the site will find a searchable database with a variety of sports medicine topics arranged by sport, medical condition (injury/illness) and body part, with topics being added and updated continually throughout the year. In addition, healthcare professionals can download tip sheets to share with their patients, coaches, athletes and partners.

Dozens of the leading AMSSM sports medicine experts in their fields serve as a Senior Contributing Author, for SportsMedToday.com providing content on topics from concussions and heat illness to hamstring and overuse injuries via tip sheets and sports med related health articles.

Launching in conjunction with the website is a new quarterly patient newsletter, Sports Medicine Today, featuring articles on current, seasonal sports medicine information written by sports medicine physicians. The newsletter will be available on SportsMedToday.com.

Additional resources include: Explanation on what a sports medicine physician is and why a patient would want to visit one; Find-A-Doc function to find a sports medicine physician by name or zip code; AMSSM Sports Medcasts (i.e. medical podcasts) produced by AMSSM member experts; AMSSM Position Statements, including statements on concussion in sport and overuse injuries and burnout in youth sports; and Patient advocacy sites for additional health care resources.

Founded in 1991, the AMSSM is comprised of more than 2,700 sports medicine physicians from across the country that are ideally suited to provide comprehensive medical care for athletes of all ages. The new website is being launched in conjunction with the AMSSM Annual Meeting being held April 14 19 at the Diplomat Resort & Spa in Hollywood, FL. For more information on the Annual Meeting, visit http://www.amssm.org.

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AMSSM Launches New Sports Medicine Website Geared Toward Parents and the Public

"Down Syndrome" – Medical School MMI Interview Practice Question #4 (2015) – Video

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"Down Syndrome" - Medical School MMI Interview Practice Question #4 (2015)
Full MMI Practice Question playlist in order: http://mmi.coursegrinder.com Examining the MMI practice scenario "Down Syndrome". This will allow the applicant to balance out compassion and...

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"Down Syndrome" - Medical School MMI Interview Practice Question #4 (2015) - Video