The Dark State of Political Correctness – American Spectator

Strange, but in the final editing of my book, which is much concerned with the American conservative movement, I cannot find a single mention of the alt-right. I dont know what the alt-right is, or anyone in it. Perhaps it supplants the New Right which was more aggressive than the Old Right?

Ive never liked the term right; it reinforces the mythology that conservatism is even remotely aligned with fascism and Nazism. Such regimes, in their expansive power, have more in common with the Big Government of so-called progressives. And nationalism is inconclusive; FDR was no shrinking violet, and it was JFK who urged what you can do for your country.

Jake Turx is a correspondent for Brooklyn-based Ami Magazine. The orthodox Jewish reporter is one of many little-known journalists now permitted to participate in White House press briefings and news conferences. This is an affirmative action program hugely disfavored by the mainstream media. Thats because its real diversity.

Heres the background: Over last weekend vandals toppled headstones at the Chesed Shel Emeth Society cemetery in St. Louis. Recently there were reports of bomb threats to 48 Jewish centers. These reportsprompted Mr. Turx (pen name) to ask President Donald Trump what Turx thought was a friendly softball question about the president addressing anti-Semitism.

In response, it would have been both desirable and appropriate, and expedient, for President Trump to condemn anti-Semitism and racial and religious hatred. He should have done so, then. Instead President Trump called the question repulsive and insulting; but he might have added demeaning. (A) The presidents generic is not to reply to an attack, not yield even one inch to an unacceptable premise. (B) The presidents specific is that associating him in any way with anti-Semitism is outrageous. (C) The president saw the question premised on the political correctness of Jewish victimhood, and the thing Jews in the U.S. are victims of, is political correctness.

President Trump likely (and incorrectly) felt that responding properly would dignify the rap against him and his team and perhaps even be patronizing. He likely wanted to avoid a headline like Trump Denies Anti-Semitism or Trump Finally Condemns Hate. But his rhetorical diversion to the Electoral College convinced conspiracists the president had a sinister agenda. He supposedly did not want to disillusion his presumed anti-Semitic base.

I am the least anti-Semitic person that youve ever seen in your entire life, President Trump responded. His inelegant syntax, Bill Buckley would say, enabled CNN talking heads to conclude, as they did, that if President Trump is the least, then he is somewhat anti-Semitic. That may not qualify as Fake News; it is Fake Analysis.

The controversy has its roots in the relentless character assassination of candidate and now President Trump. First, there was the canard that he is an anti-Semite. That became implausible given, for example, his love for his daughter and his proximity to his son-in-law, both Orthodox Jews who raise Trumps grandchildren in that rigorous observance. In much greater detail I explained this and more to a vitriolic Trump hater who happens to be Jewish; he responded, But some Jews supported Hitler. There seems the inevitable comparison of Trump to Hitler, encouraged by CNN, which keeps replaying that neo-Nazi creep, who has almost no following, chanting Heil Trump.

Candidate Trump might not hate Jews, Trumps detractors said, but Trumps campaign is full of dog whistles because his campaign ads were coded to appeal to anti-Semites. That became implausible since only the liberal Jewish complainers deciphered the code. In reality, the only dog whistle to the anti-Semites is each time President Trump appoints to a major position someone who happens to be Jewish.

But if you accept the premise that Trump and his team are evil, the explanation is always ominous, and that helps explain the reaction on January 27, when the White House issued President Trumps statement on International Holocaust Remembrance Day. The statement inexplicably and inexcusably failed to mention the Jewish victims; it was worse than insensitive. It sounded like Barack Obama; had President Obama issued the same statement, I would have criticized it.

Trumps adversaries had a theory: Presidential Senior Counselor Steve Bannon is a historical revisionist. Allegedly Bannon aligned with the alt-right and its anti-Semites who want to minimize the extermination of Jews.

It turns out the author of the statement was Boris Epshteyn, an assistant to President Trump. Epshteyn was born in in 1982 in Moscow, then in the Soviet Union; in 1993 he emigrated to the U.S. In 1979, when I visited communist-ruled Leningrad (St. Petersburg), the Red hosts insisted on a cemetery commemoration for the quarter of the citys population killed by the Nazis. The communists played down the genocide of Jews. If you visited Auschwitz when the communists controlled Poland, the exhibit and tour guide alluded to the victims Polish opponents of the Nazis, communists, gypsies, and, almost parenthetically, Jews; in fact, Jews were overwhelmingly the carnage at what evolved from a concentration camp into a death camp. After Poland became free of communism, the Auschwitz exhibit and guides properly emphasized that Auschwitz was dedicated overwhelmingly to the annihilation of Jews. In other words, it was the communists the Left that minimized the Holocaust.

Perhaps before 11-year-old Epshteyn emigrated to the U.S., the Soviet education system had inculcated the party line World War II, not the Holocaust. In any case, Boris Epshteyn is no anti-Semitic lackey. Like many Jews from the former Soviet Union, Epshteyn is proud of his Judaism and his political conservatism.

For leftists born into a Jewish family, anti-Semitism is not about people who hate Jews. Its about people that the Jewish leftists hate, notably President Trump and, guilt by association, his advisers.

Rabbi Marvin Heir of the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los Angeles prayed at the Trump swearing-in. A few days ago a reporter asked Heir about President Trumps failure to condemn anti-Semitism. Rabbi Heir replied that the president would pick the time and place. And so it was yesterday, at the end of a tour of the National Museum of African American History and Culture, that President Trump said the venue showed why we have to fight bigotry, intolerance and hatred in all of its very ugly forms.

About reports of increased anti-Semitism, he said, The anti-Semitic threats targeting our Jewish community and community centers are horrible and are painful and a very sad reminder of the work that still must be done to root out hate and prejudice and evil.

After reporting this, CNN interviewed one Steven Goldstein, executive director of the Anne Frank Center for Mutual Respect. My question to him: Do you think Anne Frank was murdered because of a lack of mutual respect?

Asked on CNN if he was satisfied with Trumps condemnation of anti-Semitism, Goldstein said absolutely not. To prove his good faith, Goldstein emphasized, Trump must fire Steve Bannon, supposedly (and with no evidence) an anti-Semite. Trump used to complain that in repudiating hatred and prejudice, he could never satisfy his critics. And Goldstein proved Trump correct.

So who is Steven Goldstein? Like Boris Epshteyn, Goldstein lived in New Jersey; both started in politics with former Sen. Frank Lautenberg. Thats where the resemblance ends. Goldstein epitomizes the Dark State of philanthropy, using tax-free dollars for political polemics. Goldsteins Anne Frank Center is a progressive voice for social justice, fighting hatred of refugees and immigrants, anti-Semitism, sexism, racism, Islam phobia, homophobia, transphobia Did Goldstein leave anything out? Is the legacy of Anne Frank now reduced to this potpourri of political correctness?

Steven Goldstein reminds me of a variation of a current cartoon. A man says, Women and gays should have no rights. Jews are pigs. Goldstein, gay and Jewish, would likely reply, You must be one of those alt-right creeps behind Donald Trump! The man might respond, No, actually these are my religious beliefs. Im a devout Muslim. And Goldstein, who presumes to judge Trump and demands that Bannon be fired, would likely respond, I apologize. I hope you dont think Im Islamophobic!

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The Dark State of Political Correctness - American Spectator

Jones: It’s not political correctness, just common decency – Philly.com

Milo Yiannopoulos, now the former senior editor at right-wing Breitbart News after being forced to resign, has finally found the boundaries of free speech.

After President Trump and others fiercely defended Yiannopoulos' right to speak hatefully about blacks, Muslims, transgender people, and immigrants online and on college campuses, the provocative writer and commentator finally went too far.

In a video released online by the Reagan Battalion, a conservative group, Yiannopoulos condoned sexual relations between men and 13-year-old boys, and joked about Roman Catholic priests and pedophilia. His words not only cost him his job at Breitbart. They also cost him an invitation to the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC). In addition, Simon & Schuster will not release his book, Dangerous.

In short, Yiannopoulos has been brought low by his own twisted comments.

Which brings me to my point. Limiting one's hate speech is not "political correctness," as some would have us believe. No, limiting hate speech is common decency. That's the price we all should pay for the freedoms we're afforded. But too many on both sides of the aisle have forgotten that simple truth.

We have become a culture where the kind of outlandish behavior that used to bring swift rebuke can lead to fame and fortune. People like Yiannopoulos, a gay man who should have long ago been censured by his own LGBT community for his verbal attacks on transgenderpeople, was allowed to speak hatefully about everyone who was not like himself. As long as his antics entertained, no one, it seems, had the courage to stop him.

Twitter tried. In a nod to common decency, the social media platform banned Yiannopoulos for his relentless trolling of blacks, Muslims, immigrants, and others. Liberals and some conservatives also raised alarms about Yiannopoulos' hate-filled commentary.

But as the young writer and commentator ratcheted up his hate speech to levels that prompted protests at universities where he was invited to speak, his fame only grew.

President Trump, via Twitter, threatened to yank federal funding from universities that would not allow Yiannopoulos to appear. Former Brietbart publisher and current White House Chief strategist Steve Bannon, who counted Yiannopoulos among his protgs, was also a staunch defender. Simon & Schuster, a major publisher, rewarded Yiannopoulos' hate speech with a six-figure book deal.

Then the video from a radio program appeared, and it all came crashing down.

"No, no, no," Yiannopoulos says on the tape. "You're misunderstanding what 'pedophilia' means. Pedophilia is not a sexual attraction to somebody 13-years-old who is sexually mature. Pedophilia is attraction to children who have not reached puberty."

In the video, he goes on to call the idea of consent "arbitrary and oppressive" before crediting a Catholic priest with teaching him about sex.

The negative response to Yiannopoulis' comments was swift and sure, but in my view, they were also hypocritical.

We can't be a society in which everything that everyone says or does is OK, and then recoil when someone crosses a line no one bothered to define.

We elected a reality-show star as president even after he bragged on tape about grabbing women's genitals without their permission, called Mexican undocumented immigrants rapists and criminals, and made disparaging comments about blacks, Muslims, immigrants, and refugees.

Now those who were silent during the campaign are up in arms when the president's executive orders reveal that what he showed us on the campaign trail was real.

But the hypocrisy does not only exist on the right. It exists on the left as well.

We elevate people who appear in sex tapes to stardom and call it shaming if anyone dares to say anything about it. We tell ourselves it's OK to use one drug and then wonder why we are in the midst of an unwieldy epidemic when it comes to another drug.

We run to airports to defend the rights of refugees, but refuse to condemn police officers who unjustly take the lives of unarmed black and brown people on our streets.

In other words, Milo Yiannopoulos is not an aberration in our society. He is rapidly becoming the norm.

We can't pretend to be outraged when he pushes beyond boundaries we never set. We can't now be offended when we laughed at his previous stunts. We can't condemn his abhorrent behavior when we helped to create him.

We empowered Yiannopoulos by creating a society in which the lines are invisible. Then we pounced on him when he crossed them.

Freedom of speech is not a pass to act without shame, to speak without limits, or to move without consequences, because freedom of speech is not free. It comes with a cost that was perhaps too steep for Milo Yiannopoulos to pay.

It costs us just a bit of common decency.

Trump's America will be on vivid display at annual conservative gathering Feb 22 - 9:01 AM

Milo Yiannopoulos apologizes for remarks, quits Breitbart Feb 21 - 6:12 PM

Conservative group cancels speech by Yiannopoulos Feb 20 - 9:34 PM

Published: February 22, 2017 9:52 AM EST | Updated: February 22, 2017 11:29 AM EST The Philadelphia Inquirer

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Jones: It's not political correctness, just common decency - Philly.com

Political correctness is to blame for terrorist payout, says Leo McKinstry – Express.co.uk

In the madhouse built by our ruling elite, supported by progressive cheerleaders, we are literally paying our enemies to wage their brutal war against our civilisation.

That is the only conclusion to draw from the outrageous case of Jamal al-Harith, sometimes known as Abu Zakariya al-Britani, a Muslim convert and Islamic State fighter from Britain who was reported this week to have blown himself up in a suicide attack on an Iraqi army base near Mosul.

Al-Harith, previously known as Ronnie Fiddler before his conversion to Islam, was not just a terrorist but also the recipient of a reported 1million from the British taxpayer.

GETTY/UNIVERSAL

This vast sum was handed to him by our supine politicians as so-called compensation for alleged mistreatment while he was held in the US detention camp of Guantanamo Bay, having been arrested in 2001 by US forces as a suspected Taliban sympathiser.

The Islamists do not respect us for our self-abasement

Leo McKinstry

Predictably he denied the charge, claiming that he had merely been backpacking in Pakistan, the worldrenowned tourist destination.

More eager to trumpet its liberal virtue than to fight extremism the Labour government lobbied hard for his release, which soon took place in 2004.

When he was freed, along with several other Guantanamo detainees from Britain, the home secretary David Blunkett grandly declared that no one who is returned will be a threat to the security of the British people.

That empty boast now lies flattened by al-Hariths Mosul car bomb. But in this depressing saga our political leaders were as disdainful of the public purse as they were of national security.

For al-Harith was just one of several winners from the compensation racket. Altogether 16 people from Britain received handouts after spells in Guantanamo, with the total sum estimated to be 20million.

Yesterday the press carried pictures of al-Harith grinning widely and he had every reason for his self-satisfaction.

He had scooped the jackpot in the government-sponsored jihadi version of Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?

GETTY

In a morally self-confident society, terrorists and traitors are punished. But our sick system means that people such as him are lavishly rewarded.

Hatred of our values is the cue for riches. Yet the Islamists do not respect us for our self-abasement. They despise our gullibility dressed up as compassion and our cowardice masquerading as tolerance.

There is a revealing contrast between the official generosity towards former Guantanamo detainees and the more miserly approach towards our veterans wounded in the fight against militant Islam.

Such heroes include inspirational paratrooper Ben Parkinson, who suffered devastating injuries to his legs and head while serving in Afghanistan in 2006 but received barely half the compensation that was dished out to al-Harith.

GETTY

Lenin famously described his Western supporters as useful idiots and that term certainly applies to the enablers of this fiasco.

A large part of the guilt belongs to Tony Blairs Labour government, which liked to blather about its belief in the war on terror but failed so pathetically to support the Americans over Guantanamo, which has been a vital facility in that fight.

Labours eagerness to side with al-Harith belonged to the same doctrinaire, anti-British mindset that opened the floodgates on immigration, imposed cultural diversity and introduced the misnamed human rights regime.

But Blair and his ministers were also backed by a host of other elements. One was the gang of lawyers posing as the champions of freedom in order to milk the taxpayer.

Another was the civil rights lobby led by the sanctimonious Shami Chakrabarti of the pressure group Liberty, who built a public career out of shrieking against anti-terrorist crackdowns before she became one of Jeremy Corbyns acolytes.

Typically, when al-Harith was released in 2004, she said she was delighted, even though the American authorities had said, with full justification as it turns out, that he was a known Al Qaeda operative who represented a threat to the USA, its interests and its allies.

Just as offensive were the brigade of Muslim organisations such as the notorious Cage, which continually undermined attempts to tackle extremism by wailing about Islamophobia.

It is absurd that this cynical, destructive brigade should have been allowed such influence. The voice that should really count in the fight against our enemies is that of the security forces.

Unlike the lobbyists and the politicians their entire agenda is to protect the public. They know the tools they need and the action required.

Unlike the ideologues who are obsessed with the concept of Muslim victimhood they recognise that militant Islam is a very real menace to our way of life.

GETTY

The new US President Trump also recognises this. That is why he and his new Attorney General Jeff Sessions are determined to keep Guantanamo Bay open as they strengthen Americas counter-terrorism policy.

Inevitably Trumps policy, which overturns President Obamas executive order to close the camp, has been opposed by lawyers and liberal campaigners.

But the case of al-Harith provides him with powerful ammunition to maintain this military prison.

Trump has been derided by smug European sophisticates for his declaration that he will put America first.

But we need far more of that kind of patriotism in Europe rather than the current anarchy of open borders, social breakdown and cultural cringing.

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Political correctness is to blame for terrorist payout, says Leo McKinstry - Express.co.uk

Thursday’s best TV: Born Too White; Has Political Correctness Gone Mad? – The Guardian

Oscar Duke visits albino Africans in Born Too White. Photograph: Sam Clarke/BBC/Dragonfly/Endemol Shine Group

Typically absorbing This World documentary, exploring the shameful plight of albino people in east Africa. Oscar Duke, adoctor previously featured in 24 Hours in A&E and an albino himself, visits Malawi and Tanzania, where albinos are not merely persecuted and shunned but frequently attacked and even killed. Duke meets east Africas albinos and illuminatingly, if enragingly their tormentors, including aman imprisoned for murder. Andrew Mueller

Trevor Phillips delivers another unhelpful polemic. He rehearses the canard that stopping minority groups being demonised has infringed ordinary peoples freedoms; trivial instances of uncertainty or ambiguity are held up as evidence that the effort to curb hate speech has overreached. This mythical suppression is then blamed, to the exclusion of other factors, for Brexit/Trump: he says we gave anti-immigrant views too little attention, not too much. Jack Seale

Madame Tussauds official memoir, as Professor Pamela Pilbeam says here, may be a load of tripe, but it was the product of a businesswoman who absolutely knew the value of a brand. As evinced by this profile, her real-life story, bound up with the French Reign of Terror, the Industrial Revolution and British royalty, was astonishing (and its amusing to discover her original Baker Street exhibit was considered a wee bit pricey, too). Ali Catterall

This new Dutch drama, based on a best-selling novel by Saskia Noort called rather less provocatively New Neighbours, finds writer Peter and pregnant girlfriend Eva embarking on a move to the suburbs. Their new place is opposite that of fitness instructor Rebecca and Steef, a sleazy, corrupt policeman. Soon tragedy strikes. Just because Peter is wearing a Wilco T-shirt, it doesnt make this any-the-less soapy. Its going for Scandi noir, but really misses the mark. Ben Arnold

The enduringly popular murder-mystery series concludes its sixth season. For those not immediately charmed by the scenery and the gentle pace, new lead Ardal OHanlon has proved to be a real incentive to watch, his bemused, quizzical air a good fit with the shows red-herring-strewn plotlines. In tonights finale, a mayoral candidate is murdered while casting his ballot. True to form, DI Jack Mooney discursively uncovers the grudges that all present had against him. John Robinson

Its not clear why this comedy drama by Tom Basden creator of Plebs, writer of Fresh Meat and one quarter of 00s sketch group Cowards is called Gap Year, seeing as nobody involved is on one. Instead, it follows two mates travelling around China over the summer and the people they meet there. Compared with Basdens previous work, this opener feels disappointingly pedestrian - barring every word uttered by annoying Brit Greg (the inimitable Tim Key), that is. Rachel Aroesti

Given that he played for Arsenals youth team and sang backing vocals on his dad Keiths era-defining ladsploitation anthem Vindaloo, Alfie Allen has modern football covered. But hes aware that many children of the Premier League are ignorant about what came before. This series sees him revisit a semi-forgotten world of mud, racism, modest wages and community centrality, and pondering what came after. Did we lose more than we gained? Phil Harrison

Marley & Me (David Frankel, 2008), 11pm, 5Star

Adapted from John Grogans book of memoirs, this winning canine comedy has Marley the cheeky golden labrador moving in with the Grogans (Owen Wilson and Jennifer Aniston) when they relocate to Florida. Youll laugh, youll cry, youll pant and scratch in sympathy with Marleys antics, as a pretty serious account of a sometimes troubled marriage unfolds. Paul Howlett

Snooker Shootout Coverage of the opening days play at the single-frame tournament, which takes place at the Watford Colosseum. 11.45am, ITV4

Premier League darts Action from the fourth round of the season, including Michael van Gerwen v Adrian Lewis. 7pm, Sky Sports 1

Europa League football: Spurs v Gent Last 32 second-leg clash, held at Wembley Stadium. 7.30pm, BT Sport 2

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Thursday's best TV: Born Too White; Has Political Correctness Gone Mad? - The Guardian

20 years after Dolly the sheep’s debut, Americans remain skeptical of cloning – Pew Research Center

Twenty years ago today, the worlds first clone made from the cells of an adult mammal made her public debut. Dolly, a Finn Dorset sheep, was introduced to the public in 1997 after scientists at the Roslin Institute at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland implanted the cell nucleus from a sheep into an egg that was subsequently fertilized to create a clone.

Dollys debut set off a firestorm about both the practical value and ethics of cloning, including the possibility of human cloning. Currently, more than 40 countries including the UK, France, Germany and Japan formally ban human cloning. In other countries, including the U.S. and China, there is no legal prohibition on it.

On the anniversary of Dollys unveiling, here are five noteworthy findings about cloning and public opinion:

1 No one has ever cloned ahuman being, though scientists have cloned animals other than Dolly, including dogs, pigs, cows, horses and cats. Part of the reason is that cloning can introduce profound genetic errors, which can result in early and painful death. At the same time, labs in a variety of countries have successfully cloned human embryos for the purpose of producing stem cells that can be used in medical therapies.

2 Eight-in-ten American adults (81%) say cloning a human being is not morally acceptable, according to a May 2016 Gallup poll. There has been overwhelming opposition to human cloning since 2001. Just 13% of adults in 2016 say cloning is morally acceptable.

3 Americans are divided as to whether humans will be cloned in the near future. In a 2010 Pew Research Center survey, 48% of adults said that a human being would definitely or probably be cloned by 2050, compared with 49% who said such an event would not happen.

4 The public is divided about the prospect of using cloning to bring back to life species of animals that are currently extinct, such as the carrier pigeon or even the woolly mammoth. While bringing back dinosaurs, la Jurassic Park, might not possible due to the fact that dinosaurs have been dead for tens of millions of years, scientists could conceivably use fresher tissue samples to bring back more recently extinct species. In a 2013 Pew Research Center poll, half of all adults surveyed (50%) said that by 2050 researchers will be able to use cloning to bring back extinct species, with 48% predicting such a development wont occur.

5 Fewer Americans are concerned with cloning animals than with the prospect of cloning humans, according to the same 2016 Gallup survey. Still, a majority of adults (60%) say cloning animals like Dolly is morally wrong, compared with 34% who say its morally acceptable. Since 2001, there has been little to no change in these numbers.

Topics: Emerging Technology Impacts, Religion and Society, Religious Beliefs and Practices, Science and Innovation

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20 years after Dolly the sheep's debut, Americans remain skeptical of cloning - Pew Research Center

Reviving woolly mammoths will take more than two years – BBC News


BBC News
Reviving woolly mammoths will take more than two years
BBC News
In 1996, Dolly the sheep became the first mammal to be cloned from an adult cell. Many different mammalian species have since been cloned, but the elephant is not among them. Cloning research suggests that, just because it is possible to clone one type ...

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Reviving woolly mammoths will take more than two years - BBC News

How does evolution happen? – Hampshire Review

It has long been believed that evolution from one kind of creature to another takes place very slowly over millions, if not billions, of years. Each creature mutates into another type of creature; like monkey to man. Each step of this mutating experience is supposed to happen so slowly that it is not discernable for many generations. All the steps needed to progress upwards into a better creature, according to evolutionists, all are directed by accidental duplications or mutations in the genes. There is no guided direction in any of this. It is all pure chance. Mutations in the genes was supposed to be the reason all things evolve. It has long been held by those who believe in evolution that habitat change, food supplies, and other outside forces are the only guide to change.

Nature indiscriminately selects the healthier of the species to survive and allows all others to die off. If you have followed my articles in the past, you know that genetics is now proving all the above to be wrong. I have long believed that the discovery of DNA would one day be the nail-in-the-coffin for the Theory of Evolution. One of the things that science has discovered is that mutations in the genes are almost always detrimental to all creatures, including man. Genetics has now proven that there seems to be a time when all things were genetically pure ... no mutations at all. In other words, we started out perfect in our genes and have slowly gained one hundred or more mutations in each generation.

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How does evolution happen? - Hampshire Review

How does Montana’s evolution education compare? – Montana Kaimin

Betsy DeVos confirmation to be the head of the U.S. Department of Education has been shrouded in concern for the softening of lines between church and state. Evolution teeters on the edge of the debate, potentially next in line for the chopping block.

In 2013 and 2015, Montana faced anti-evolution bills that sought to emphasize critical thinking about scientific theories and allow teachers to teach alternative theories to evolution. Both were tabled, according to Open States, an independent organization that collects data on state governments.

Content standards are determined at the state level and dictate the content that students must know at different levels of public education. Curricula, which dictate how teachers teach content, are determined by local school boards.

The Montana Office of Public Instruction updated science content standards in Sep. 2016 that will be implemented by July 1, 2017, according to itswebsite. According to the new standards, sixth to eighth grade students are expected to be able to infer evolutionary relationships between living organisms and the fossil record. The previous 2006 standards required a similar understanding of evolution upon the time of graduation.

Education Week reports that Montana falls behind most other states in evolution education, citing a study that measured alignment of schools curricula to 10 of the National Science Education Standards key concepts of evolution. Montana only received credit for adequately teaching two of the 10 concepts.

Nathanael Herrera, a second year doctoral student in evolutionary genetics and a teaching assistant at the University of Montana, defines evolution as the change in the frequency of a trait in a population over time

Herrera said that most students he has taught have come to college with a solid introductory understanding of evolution, but most states, including Montana, could improve. He said location plays a role in the quality of evolution education students receive.

The typical expectation seems to be that in more liberal cities, its emphasized, Herrera said.

Herrera said there is growing acceptance of the theory in the U.S., but it is still much lower than in other countries. He said he has heard of teachers in some schools being afraid to teach evolution because of parent and community backlash. He said that this could affect whether or not a student decides to go into a science-related major at the college level, especially if the field relies heavily on the theory.

I have not had any student be unwilling to approach the subject with an open mind, he said.

UM senior Reina Sherman is studying archaeology and forensic anthropology. Having gone to high school in a small, conservative county in Oregon, she said her background in evolution was lacking by the time she got to college.

She said her high school biology teacher presented beliefs about the origin of life on a spectrum, with evolution on one end and creationism on the other. Students were told that they can fall anywhere on the spectrum. Other than that and a brief mention of Darwins finches, nothing else was said about evolution.

According to Sherman, evolution is integral to her fields of study. Before college, she said she happened upon evolution kind of by accident, through documentaries and books that she enjoyed.Indiana Jonessparked her love for science and history.

Human evolution is a much harder pill to swallow for most people, according to Sherman. She said humans dont want to think theyre monkeys, a common misinterpretation of evolution that could be solved with improved evolution education.

Were not monkeys youre right, Sherman said.

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How does Montana's evolution education compare? - Montana Kaimin

Why Empathy Is So Important in Everyday Life (Video) – Collective Evolution

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Youve surely heard the saying, You cant understand someone until youve walked a mile in their shoes. The person who first offeredthis wisdom is lost to history, but its become so ingrained in ourvernacularbecause of the importance empathy has in life.

Because each and every one of us is an individual, with our own unique outlook on life, it can be incredibly easy to disagree; to misunderstand; to offend. Think of a time you were crying, and someone couldnt seem to wrap their head around how your emotions matched the situation. That alone is enough to make your tears flow harder.

Empathy is truly about trying to understand other peoples experiences and perspectives. If you think about your strengths and weaknessesin this area,you might find its very easy for you, or people you know, to subconsciously practice empathy, like when you see a stranger get hurt. You find yourself truly concerned for their well-being. Our egos can make itdifficult, however, to see someone elses feelings as valid when they differ from our own. But just because someone has, for instance, different sensitivities, doesnt make them any less real, orany less important.

In an overwhelming way, empathy has been devalued in our society in recent years. One example, explainsauthor and child psychologist Michele Borba, is the seismic shift that our culture has undergone. She notes that one of the biggest culprits is technology.Self-promotion, personal branding, and self-interest at the exclusion of others feelings, needs, and concerns, she argues, is permeating our culture and slowly eroding our childrens character, and the outcome is a drop in youth empathy. This only creates peer cruelty, bullying, cheating, the inability to harbour moral reasoning, and a mental health epidemic in young people. And its adouble-edged sword the youth become adults, and the downward spiral continues.

So where does one start to fix the problem? Practice, and lots of it. We must not only teach youth to practice empathy, but also lead by example.

Start by listening intently when people speak to you. Even if you dont agree with what theyre saying, consider the motivation behind it being spoken. Rather than shutting off your brain to the rest of their words and formulating a response, digest all of it.

When you do respond, make sure you take time between the end of their thought and the beginning of yours, so as to respond in a waythat truly acknowledges what they said, and not what you were thinking while they said it.

When in a social setting, embrace it. If youre in the elevator, waiting to board a plane, sitting at a cafe by yourself, try to put your phone down, your book away, and simply absorb the world around you. Empathy is about understanding, and we cannot understand if we never look up and take it all in. Ask yourself how the people around you may be feeling, what they might be thinking. Try to wonder and care about these complete strangers.

Its also valuable to consider a tense situation you are currently in, or have beenin, with someone else. You may associate this situation with feeling hurt and angry, with them having wronged you. You are the victim here. Now, with that knowledge, consider the altercation from that persons point of view. Think about how you might have made them feel. You may realize that the issue stems from mere differences, not ignorance or hatred.

You can even try practicing internally the opposing viewpoint. This will take you away from your own ego, and put you in the shoes of the other person. Such an exercise will force you to open your mind to the issue at hand and to another perspective on it.

The following video by Devin Clark further dives into whyempathy is so important to have in everyday life, and shows how you can improve your own.

Your life path number can tell you A LOT about you.

With the ancient science of Numerology you can find out accurate and revealing information just from your name and birth date.

Get your free numerology reading and learn more about how you can use numerology in your life to find out more about your path and journey. Get Your free reading.

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Why Empathy Is So Important in Everyday Life (Video) - Collective Evolution

30-Million-Year-Old Species Worried It Doesn’t Have Another Evolution In It – The Onion (satire)

WASATCH RANGE, UTHaving spent thousands of millennia adapting to changes in habitat and climate, the American pika told reporters Wednesday that the 30-million-year-old species is worried it doesnt have another evolution in it. Honestly, I think the cycle where we developed longer, denser fur to live in cold, mountainous regions may have been the last hurrah, said the small herbivorous mammal, adding that differentiating itself from rabbits during the Oligocene epoch took an awful lot out of it. Lets face it, Im not 15 million years old anymore. Maybe I should just be proud of our distinctive high-pitched alarm call and accept that this is as far as natural selection is going to take us. At a certain point, you have to come to terms with the fact that you might be as evolved as youre going to get. The pika went on to say that while it might be evolutionarily advantageous to develop more nocturnal traits to help the species stay cooler during warmer seasons, it was getting exhausted just thinking about it.

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30-Million-Year-Old Species Worried It Doesn't Have Another Evolution In It - The Onion (satire)

PREVIEW: ALLELE Neurology and Evolution Lecture – The Crimson While

By Jake Howell | 02/21/2017 10:54pm Jake Stevens / Alabama Crimson White

The "Neural reuse in the evolution and development of the Brain lecture will take placeat 7:30 p.m. on Thursday, February 23.

Cognition, one of the great mysteries of life, is a debate-riddled topic. Many scientists cannot decide whether it belongs to the discipline of psychology, philosophy, biology, or still other fields, or even a combination of these endeavors.

On Feb. 23, The University of Alabamas ALLELE lectures will continue, featuring Dr. Michael Anderson, a professor of cognitive psychology at Franklin & Marshall College. Dr. Andersons research probes questions about cognitive behavior and its evolution over time. His lecture, which will be in North Lawn Hall at 7:30 p.m., is titled Neural reuse in the evolution and development of the Brain.

WHO: Dr. Michael L. Anderson studies cognitive psychology by integrating the disciplines of psychology, philosophy, computer science, and neuroscience to pursue information about the structural foundation of neural networks.

The lecture is open to all students.

WHAT: Dr. Anderson will give a lecture on his theory of neural reuse, discussing how it could explain evolution of the human brain.

WHEN: The lecture will take place at 7:30 p.m. on Thursday, Feb. 23.

WHERE: The lecture will be held in the North Lawn Hall auditorium.

WHY: Dr. Anderson has been influential in the field of evolutionary cognition, and his 2014 book, After Phrenology: Neural Reuse and the Interactive Brain, was published by the MIT Press. According to the Evolutionary Studies website, the book has been called hugely significant and the 'best thing written about the brain this century.'

For questions regarding the lecture, e-mail Firat Soylu at fsoylu@ua.edu.

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PREVIEW: ALLELE Neurology and Evolution Lecture - The Crimson While

Scientists explore the evolution of a ‘social supergene’ in the red fire ant – Science Daily


Science Daily
Scientists explore the evolution of a 'social supergene' in the red fire ant
Science Daily
This finding can help scientists understand how chromosomes evolve over time. Rodrigo Pracana, a PhD student at QMUL and first author of the study, said: "We know that the Y chromosome in mammals has also been affected by unfavourable mutations.

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Scientists explore the evolution of a 'social supergene' in the red fire ant - Science Daily

Pokmon Go Eevee evolution: How to evolve Eevee into Umbreon … – Eurogamer.net

A hidden reference to the TV show allows you choose the way Eevee evolves, Gen 2 included!

By Matthew Reynolds Published 22/02/2017

How to evolve Eevee has proven to be one of the bigger talking points in Pokmon Go so far.

In the classic Pokmon games, Eevee can evolve into different typing varieties based on the use of special items, its happiness level, moves it has available and even the time of day.

With the addition of Candy in Pokmon Go, the way you evolve Pokmon is much simpler, and as such, you cannot use the tried-and-tested method of using one of three elemental stones to turn Eevee into Flareon, Jolteon and Vaporeon. (Some are better than others depending on the situation - find out which you should get first with our Best Pokmon in Pokmon Go page, and our Pokmon Go Type Chart for their relative strengths and weaknesses.)

Once you have caught enough Eevees to evolve one - our pages on finding Pokemon by location, finding which Pokemon hatch from which eggs and locating Pokmon nests near you can help - a neat trick discovered by fans of the game on Reddit will get you the evolution you need.

Worth checking, too, is our page on the best Pokmon in Pokmon Go, seeing as Umbreon and Espeon in particular are pretty strong new additions with Gen 2!

If you choose to evolve Eevee without any meddling - by feeding it 25 Eevee candy - then it'll turn to one of the above five types at random. However, users have discovered a trick that allows you to target any of Espeon, Umbreon, Flareon, Jolteon or Vaporeon, by renaming it in one of the following ways:

Newcomers Umbreon and Espeon are also believed to have a second evolution method, and that's through the Buddy System, according to Reddit. By walking either one 10km, and then evolving it during night or day respectively, it'll turn into the desired evolution.

Since the naming trick only works once per evolution type, this appears to be a useful way to get a second Espeon or Umbreon with some reliability.

Why Sakura, Tamao, Sparky, Rainer and Pyro? The original three are the names of the Eevee brothers from the Pokmon television show, who meet with Ash and the gang in episode 40 to show off their respective Eevee evolutions, with Sakura and Tamao appearing later on in the series.

Once you have called your Eevee into one of the above names, you should quit and reload the app to double check the name change has taken place, which is important considering the servers can lean to be on the unreliable side.

Once you've double checked the new name is indeed in place, then evolve the Eevee as you would any other Pokmon by feeding it Candy, and it should take the form of your chosen type.

You can see the trick in action below - and once you're done, you might be interested in reading about other secrets and Easter eggs in Pokemon Go too:

Note that while plenty of users have had success with this method - and that it's been confirmed by developer Niantic itself at this year's San Diego Comic Con - there are a handful of cases where it hasn't worked every time. Some say the trick will only work on the first time you evolve the creature, while others might have caught fowl of server issues not renaming their successfully first time, so be sure to check before you try.

Want more help with Pokmon Go's Gen 2 update? Our list of new Gen 2 Johto Pokmon can teach you where to find each one, what you need to know about new Pokmon Go Berries, Special Items to evolve Pokmon such as King's Rock, Sun Stone, Up-Grade, Dragon Scale and Metal Coat, and how to get Eevee evolutions Umbreon, Espeon, and updated Egg distances and best Pokmon charts, as well as other Pokmon Go tips, tricks, cheats and guides.

If you want to get your hands on one of Eevee's many other evolution in Pokmon Go, you can't just yet.

Unfortunately you can't get all of these evolutions in Pokmon Go right now.

Pokmon Go has added 80 new Johto Pokmon, but that's still only Gen 1 and Gen 2 - in other words, the original creatures from Red, Blue, Yellow, Gold, Silver, and Crystal - which means Eevee can only evolve into Umbreon, Espeon, Flareon, Jolteon and Vaporeon for now.

It'll be interesting to see how game expands to cover more creatures in time, and if so, if there are any tricks required to access these other types.

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Pokmon Go Eevee evolution: How to evolve Eevee into Umbreon ... - Eurogamer.net

Building Robots Without Ever Having to Say You’re Sorry – IEEE … – IEEE Spectrum

Photo: Getty Images

In January, the Legal Affairs Committee of the European Parliamentput forward a draft report urging the creation and adoption of EU-wide rules to corral the myriad issues arising from the widespread use of robots and AIa development, it says, is poised to unleash a new industrial revolution.

Its an interesting read, and a valiant effort to get a handle on how to standardize and regulate the ever-expanding robot universe: drones, industrial robots, care robots, medical robots, entertainment robots, robots in farmingyou name it, theyre all inthere.

Beginning with Frankensteins monster, Pragues golem, and Karel apeks robot and ending with a code of ethics for robotics engineers and some daunting lists of shoulds for robot designers and end users, the 22-page worry catalog toggles between practical concerns about liability, accountability, and safetywhos going to pay when a robot or a self-driving car has an accident?and far-ranging ones about when robots will need to be designated electronic persons, and how we will ensure that their creators make them good ones.

The practical concerns addressed include a call for the creation of a European agency for robotics and artificial intelligence to support the European Commission in its regulation- and legislation-making efforts. Definitions and classifications of robots and smart robots need to be detailed, and a robot registration system described. Interoperability and access to code and intellectual property rights are addressed. Even the impact of robotics on the workforce and the economy are flagged for oversight.

The electronic persons discussion, tucked halfway through the report, caught everyones attentionperhaps because its much more fun to catastrophize about HAL 9000 and Skynet than it is to ponder robot insurance requirements. And because personhoodwhat it legally means to be recognized as a personissuch a loaded topic.

Mady Delvaux, a Luxembourg member of the EP and the reports author, attempted to clarify the designation of what a limited electronic personality would be, saying that it would be comparable to the standing that corporations have as legal persons, making it possible for them to conduct business, limit liability, and sue or be sued for damages.

But we havent finished addressing legal definitions of personhood for women, children, and higher-order animals like chimpanzees yet. Are we really ready to take on robot e-personhood?

I called Joanna Bryson, reader in the department of computer science at the University of Bath, in England, and a working member of the IEEE Ethically Aligned Design project, to ask her what she thought, having just read the Reddit Science Ask Me Anythingshe did about the future of AI and robotics. Her response? As soon as you put the word person in the draft, youre probably in trouble.

She told me about Australian law professor S.M.Solaimans article Legal Personality of Robots, Corporations, Idols and Chimpanzees: A Quest for Legitimacy,which argues that corporations are legal persons but AIs and chimpanzees arent. Legal persons must know and be able to claim their rights: They must be able to assert themselves as members of a society, which is why nonhuman animals (andsome incapacitated humans), and artifacts like AIs should not, according to Solaiman, be considered legal persons.

But then Bryson said something I had not considered. Since robots are ownedthey are in a sense our machine slaveswe can choose not to build robotsthat would mind being owned. We arent obliged to build robots that we end up feeling obliged to, says Bryson. So instead of assuming that an ethically challenged future saturated with sentient machines is inevitable, we could choose to maintain agency over the machines we are building and defy the technological imperative. Could we do it? Or are we so in thrall to the notion of creating artificial life, monsters, and golems, that its irresistible?

This article appears in the March 2017 print issue as Do We Have to Build Robots That Need Rights?

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Building Robots Without Ever Having to Say You're Sorry - IEEE ... - IEEE Spectrum

‘What If We Try This?’ Asks Robotics Grad Student About To Eliminate 30% Of Workforce – The Onion (satire)

CAMBRIDGE, MAMidway through a routine laboratory session Wednesday, sources say MIT graduate student Evan Ward casually remarked What if we try this? before making a small change to a robotic device that will one day eliminate 30 percent of the U.S. workforce.

Wards off-the-cuff suggestion to slightly adjust a single component of the machine will reportedly result in nearly 50 million jobs being made expendable over the next two decades, wreaking havoc on the economy and giving rise to historic levels of unemployment that will persist for generations.

Maybe this will work, the 24-year-old said out of mere curiosity, oblivious to the fact that the tiny modification he had suggested making to the actuator circuit of a robotic arm will result in Americas most vital industries laying off hundreds of thousands of workers every month. I dont know, though. I guess it doesnt matter.

What do you guys think? he added.

Current projections indicate the little tweak, which reportedly seemed so insignificant to Ward that he almost didnt even bother mentioning it, will lead in time to the complete disappearance of millions of jobs in manufacturing, transportation, warehousing, mining, construction, food processing, and telecommunications.

Reports indicate that the grad students spontaneous suggestion involved adjusting the servo motor of an industrial robot by less than 3 millimeters, a modification that will forever change the lives of Americans as it renders hundreds of entire occupations obsolete and makes the existing skills and education of many workers all but useless in an utterly transformed economy.

It couldnt hurt to try anyway, Ward said of his idea, whose applications will drastically cut overhead for U.S. companies, lead to higher returns for shareholders, and cast thousands of the nations working- and middle-class communities into abject poverty. What do we have to lose?

Wards spur-of-the-moment recommendation to alter the mechanism just a smidge will reportedly cause millions to lose their homes, become unable to support their families, and never again find work in their fields of expertise, events that sources say will result in the creation of a greatly expanded underclass that will remain a permanent feature of American society.

Lets give it a shot, said professor Barbara Simmons, who oversees the lab and who will eventually join the growing number of jobless Americans once her students innovation causes her engineering curriculum to become irrevocably outdated. Hey, maybe well learn something at least.

At press time, however, another student in the robotics lab had stumbled upon a groundbreaking technology that, before Wards discovery has a chance to devastate the economy, will inadvertently wipe out the entire human race.

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'What If We Try This?' Asks Robotics Grad Student About To Eliminate 30% Of Workforce - The Onion (satire)

Robotics Researchers Discovered a Better Way For Insects to Walk – Gizmodo

GIF

A popular approach to designing robots that can navigate a world built for living creatures is to simply copy Mother Natures designs. But while trying to improve how a six-legged robot walks, researchers at the cole Polytechnique Fdrale de Lausanne actually found a faster way for six-legged creatures to get around.

While many vertebrates are able to run quickly and with minimal ground contact, six-legged insects take a different approach to speed. They use whats called a tripod gait, which means that when scurrying across flat terrain, they always have at least three legs touching the groundtwo on one side, and one on the other.

The researchers at EPFL, who also worked with the University of Lausanne, were curious to know if the tripod gait really was the fastest way for a six-legged creature to get around. So they pressed the fast-forward button on evolution and used a series of computer simulations and real-life experiments to see if there was a more efficient alternative. They eventually discovered that a bipod gait, where a six-legged creature has only two legs on the ground at any one time, allowed it to move faster, without any hardware upgrades.

But lets not a point a finger and laugh at Mother Nature just yet. While the bipod approach to six-legged running works great on flat terrain, the simulations the researchers ran also revealed that the more traditional tripod approach is actually better for insects who use sticky feet to walk on walls, ceilings, and other surfaces where theyre constantly fighting gravity.

When crawling through a jungle where the terrain changes from inch to inch, it makes sense that insects would use an evolved approach to getting around that allows them to navigate every possible hazardas opposed to one that prioritizes speed. But since the robots humans design are usually created and customized for very specific tasks, this discovery shows that copying Mother Nature verbatim isnt always the best approach. Sometimes, we can improve on it.

[EPFL via Robotics Trends]

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Robotics Researchers Discovered a Better Way For Insects to Walk - Gizmodo

Mesa robotics class helps students find passion for technology – KNXV – ABC15 Arizona

MESA - Students at Mesa's Westwood High School are gearing up for a big robotics competition, and some of the teens say they never knew they had a passion for engineering or high-tech learning until they joined the club.

The robotics program is part of the school's STEM program, which stands for Science, Technology, Engineering and Math.

"I never thought I would be even into engineering," said junior Jill Barcena. "If I hadn't joined robotics, I wouldn't have had the opportunity to grow in this way."

The students design and build their own robots. They learn about problem solving, creativity, teamwork and getting prepared for big tech jobs.

"We can get certificates that are certifying us to work in places like Intel and Boeing," said junior Nic Peters.

The program already has big name sponsors like Boeing and Cox Communications. The instructor says it's a great program because there is no one right answer to a problem. The kids work in all kinds of ways to solve problems.

"I think the kids you see in here are the kids you are going to see in the workforce and kids who the economy is going to be built on in the future," said robotics instructor Tom Saxon.

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Mesa robotics class helps students find passion for technology - KNXV - ABC15 Arizona

Roam Robotics’ lightweight, affordable exoskeleton designed for everyday folks – Digital Trends

Why it matters to you

Exoskeletons promise to make us stronger and faster, but most of them remain bulky pieces of kit. Roam Robotics has created a lightweight alternative.

There are a number of companies in existence developing cutting-edge exoskeletons that will help us perform feats of strength or endurance beyond what our bodies can otherwise manage.

But while a lot of these creations are bulky, expensive, and rely on electromechanical components to work, San Francisco-based Roam Robotics is taking a different approach.Instead, its focusing on designs that are largely constructed out of plastic and high-strength fabrics, but which nonetheless dont give up too much in terms of power compared to other designs.

More: A robotic exoskeleton powered this disabled U.S. athlete to a prize in the Robot Olympics

We are making a new type of exoskeleton that is primarily made of plastics and fabrics instead of the metal and motors that make up traditional devices, Roam Robotics co-founder Tim Swift told Digital Trends. The goal is to make devices that can dramatically reduce system cost and weight without sacrificing overall performance. The thing that is exciting, though, is that it creates a pathway to what has always been the dream for exoskeletons: a lightweight device that regular people can get access to and use in their everyday life. Early work has shown capabilities well beyond any device to date such as making people run faster and for less energy.

Swift said that the resulting exoskeleton could be useful in a number of everyday scenarios such ashelping a person recover from a knee injury, lift heavy objects, or simply maintain the ability to go on long hikes.

Roam Roboticshas been investigating the underlying technology for several years now, and Swift noted that the plan at present is have the first devices commercially available in 2018.

The best way to interact with our technology is to reach out to us on our website and tell us what you are interested in them for, as we are always looking for people to evaluate early devices during development, he said. Also, as we progress towards commercial release, we will be looking to complete early pilot trials where we plan to draw from interested parties.

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Roam Robotics' lightweight, affordable exoskeleton designed for everyday folks - Digital Trends

The ‘Curious’ Robots Searching for the Ocean’s Secrets – The Atlantic

People have been exploring the Earth since ancient timestraversing deserts, climbing mountains, and trekking through forests. But there is one ecological realm that hasnt yet been well explored: the oceans. To date, just 5 percent of Earths oceans have been seen by human eyes or by human-controlled robots.

Thats quickly changing thanks to advancements in robotic technologies. In particular, a new class of self-controlled robots that continually adapt to their surroundings is opening the door to undersea discovery. These autonomous, curious machines can efficiently search for specific undersea features such as marine organisms and landscapes, but they are also programmed to keep an eye out for other interesting things that may unexpectedly pop up.

Curious robotswhich can be virtually any size or shapeuse sensors and cameras to guide their movements. The sensors take sonar, depth, temperature, salinity, and other readings, while the cameras constantly send pictures of what theyre seeing in compressed, low-resolution form to human operators. If an image shows something different than the feature a robot was programmed to explore, the operator can give the robot the okay to go over and check out in greater detail.

The field of autonomous underwater robots is relatively young, but the curious-robots exploration method has already lead to some pretty interesting discoveries, says Hanumant Singh, an ocean physicist and engineer at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts. In 2015, he and a team of researchers went on an expedition to study creatures living on Hannibal Seamount, an undersea mountain chain off Panamas coast. They sent a curious robot down to the seabed from their manned submersiblea modern version of the classic Jacques Cousteau yellow submarineto take photos and videos and collect living organisms on several dives over the course of 21 days.

On the expeditions final dive, the robot detected an anomaly on the seafloor, and sent back several low-resolution photos of what looked like red fuzz in a very low oxygen zone. The robots operators thought what was in the image might be interesting, so they sent it over to the feature to take more photos, says Singh. Thanks to the curious robot, we were able to tell that these were crabsa whole swarming herd of them.

The team used submarines to scoop up several live crabs, which were later identified through DNA sequencing as Pleuroncodes planipes, commonly known as pelagic red crabs, a species native to Baja California. Singh says it was extremely unusual to find the crabs so far south of their normal range and in such a high abundance, gathered together like a swarm of insects. Because the crabs serve as an important food source for open-ocean predators in the eastern Pacific, the researchers hypothesize the crabs may be an undetected food source for predators at the Hannibal Seamount, too.

When autonomous robot technology first developed 15 years ago, Singh says he and other scientists were building robots and robotics software from scratch. Today a variety of programming interfacessome of which are open-sourceexist, making scientists jobs a little easier. Now they just have to build the robot itself, install some software, and fine-tune some algorithms to fit their research goals.

While curious robot software systems vary, Girdhar says some of the basics remain the same. All curious robots need to collect data, and they do this with their ability to understand different undersea scenes without supervision. This involves teaching robots to detect a given class of oceanic features, such as different types of fish, coral, or sediment. The robots must also be able to detect anomalies in context, following a path that balances their programmed mission with their own curiosity.

This detection method is different from traditional undersea robots, which are preprogrammed to follow just one exploration path and look for one feature or a set of features, ignoring anomalies or changing oceanic conditions. One example of a traditional robot is Jason, a human-controlled ROV, or remotely operated vehicle, used by scientists at Woods Hole to study the seafloor.

Marine scientists see curious robots as a clear path forward. To efficiently explore and map our oceans, intelligent robots with abilities to deliberate sensor data and make smart decisions are a necessity, says yvind degrd, a marine archaeologist and Ph.D. candidate at the Centre for Autonomous Marine Operations and Systems at Norwegian University of Science and Technology.

degrd uses robots to detect and investigate shipwrecks, often in places too dangerous for human divers to explorelike the Arctic. Other undersea scientists in fields like biology and chemistry are starting to use curious robots to do things like monitor oil spills and searching for invasive species.

Compared to other undersea robots, degrd says, autonomous curious robots are best suited to long-term exploration. For shorter missions in already explored marine environments, its possible to preprogram robots to cope with predictable situations, says degrd. Yet, for longer missions, with limited prior knowledge of the environment, such predictions become increasingly harder to make. The robot must have deliberative abilities or intelligence that is robust enough for coping with unforeseen events in a manner that ensures its own safety and also the goals of the mission.

One big challenge is sending larger amounts of data to human operators in real time. Water inhibits the movement of electromagnetic signals such as GPS, so curious robots can only communicate in small bits of data. degrd says to overcome this challenge, scientists are looking for ways to optimize data processing.

According to Singh, one next step in curious robot technology is teaching the robots to work in tandem with drones to give scientists pictures of sea ice from both above and below. Another is teaching the robots to deal with different species biases. For example, the robots frighten some fish and attract othersand this could cause data anomalies, making some species appear less or more abundant than they actually are.

degrd adds that new developments in robotics programs could allow even scientists without a background in robotics the opportunity to reap the benefits of robotics research. I hope we will see more affordable robots that lower the threshold for playing with them and taking risks, he says. That way it will be easier to find new and innovative ways to use them.

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The 'Curious' Robots Searching for the Ocean's Secrets - The Atlantic