Tesla Is on Track to Deliver Us Into the Next Age in Energy – Futurism

In Brief

From its incorporation ofsolar glass technologyto its affordable $35,000 price tag, the Tesla Model 3 has been making headlines since it was announced. In the 36 hours following that announcement, Tesla secured over 270,000 preorders for the vehicle,but whats even more exciting is the fact that this highly anticipated zero-emission car may actually arrive on time.

According to a letter to investors, the Model 3 is expected to begin production in July, and deliverieswill begin later in 2017. Tesla is already building prototypes of the vehicle, and the company has noted that production will begin at 5,000 vehicles per week and slowly ramp up to 10,000 vehicles per week in 2018.

With that said, Teslas Gigafactory will be booming. With 550 new hires and an additional $350 million investment, the Nevada factory will produce the electric motors and gear boxes for the newest and most affordable Tesla, while other parts will be manufactured in California.

Teslas most recent rollout,the Model S, costs around $70,000, so the Model 3 will be just what the company needs to finally be able to compete with other affordable electric cars like the Nissan Leaf and Chevy Bolt, which sit within a similar price range of the Model 3.

All we have to do now is count the seconds until the second half of 2017.

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Tesla Is on Track to Deliver Us Into the Next Age in Energy - Futurism

Norway Just Added 50000 More Seeds to Its Doomsday Vault – Futurism

Buried in the side of a mountain in Svalbard,a Norwegian archipelago between mainland Norway and the North Pole, the Global Seed Vault stores virtually every kindof seed.

And on Wednesday, that seed vault got even more seeds almost 50,000 new samples to help preserve biodiversity. Those returning samples include the ones sent out in 2015 to replace a collection that had been damaged by the Syrian civil war.

Cary Fowler, the man considered the father of the seed vault and a former executive director of the international nonprofit organization Crop Trust, compares it to asafety deposit box:the point of the vault is not for apocalyptic scenarios, but servesmore asa sort of back-up drive.

Fowler told Business Insider in Octoberthat the vault is used to store duplicates of existing seed banks that have been collecting seeds for 100 years. That way, if a regional seed vault loses something, the Svalbard collection can replace the sample.

Take a look inside the vault:

The vault is located in Svalbard, an archipelago thats part of Norway. Its a cold area filled with polar bears and snow scooters, along with brightly colored houses.

The archipelago is located in the Arctic Ocean, midway between the North Pole and Norway, where the warmest temperature this year was 58 degrees Fahrenheit. The winters remain below 0 and -1 degrees Fahrenheit.

The entrance to the vault sticks out of a mountain, illuminated with a light installation by Dyveke Sanne.

Inside the entrance, theres a tunnel that runs from the entrance to the vaults rooms, 426 feet deep into the mountain.

Fowler said there are some misconceptions about what the vault is used for. People will say, how can you have enough seeds up there? Thats not the point, its not for planting. This is really a genetic resource for plant breeding.

Svalbard was an ideal location. Because its so cold, the seeds can stay frozen in the permafrost. Importantly, says Fowler, the seeds dont have to be used as is. Instead, researchers can use them to study potentially beneficial traits, like those for withstanding disease or climate change, and hopefully one day incorporate those into current crops.

Every year, gene-banks provide samples to crop breeders to test out, which in turn becomes different varieties of crops. Below, people taste tomatoes at a Seed Savers Exchange in the US.

We dont need to experience apocalypse in order for the Seed Vault to be useful and to repay its costs many times over, Fowler wrote in his book. We were not anticipating the end of the world. We were pragmatists. We wanted to address a problem we were already experiencing: the loss of diversity in individual gene-banks.

Fowler said the sample of the seeds taken out and now replaced from Syria are a great example of the banks function. It illustrates why we built it, Fowler said. Loss of that collection would be irreplaceable. I tell people its a great story a sad story of the seed vault functioning as an insurance policy.

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Norway Just Added 50000 More Seeds to Its Doomsday Vault - Futurism

For $500 Billion, Scientists Think They Can Refreeze the Arctic – Futurism

A $500 Billion Project

The world is spending a lot of money in an attempt to reverse the effects of climate change. Investments are being made to fund the creationof emission-free vehicles, infrastructure is being built to support sustainability, research is being conducted to find new sources of non-carbon-emitting energy, and technology is being developed to prevent us from feeling the full brunt of a deteriorating environment.

Now, a group of scientists want to add $500 billion to the climate change war chest.

Due to climate change, the Arctic has been experiencing unseasonably warm weather thats causing the ice to melt. The money the scientists are asking for would go toward building 10 million wind-powered pumps that will bring water from beneath the ice to the surface in an effort to refreeze the Arctic. In theory, the water that is pumped to the surface will automatically freezein the below-zero temperatures and thus add to the ice sheets thickness.

The scientists behind the paper estimate that these wind-powered pumps will have to be deployed across 10 percent of the region. They believe theyd need 100 million tons of steel to build the pumps over the course of 10 years. If they could do that, they think they could restore the Arctic to what is was roughly 15 years ago.

The scientific community is working hard to find more novel solutions to the Arctic crisis, which they argue the 2015 Paris Agreement wont do enough to remedy. Proposals such as this highlightthe need for tangible initiatives that arent solely focused on limiting fossil fuel usage.

Our only strategy at present seems to be to tell people to stop burning fossil fuels. Its a good idea, but it is going to need a lot more than that to stop the Arctics sea ice from disappearing, said Steven Desch in an interview with The Guardian.

While the proposalis noteworthy, not everyone is convinced that this plan to refreeze the Arctic is at all feasible.

Global warming in response to rising CO2 concentrations would continue despite efforts to grow ice in the Arctic, Julienne Stroeve, a senior scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, told CNN.Thus, the excess heat at lower latitudes would still be transported towards the Arctic via atmospheric and oceanic circulation and this would counter efforts to grow ice in the Arctic.

If we do nothing, however, the Arctic will significantly disrupt the ecosystem of the region, leading to the endangerment of various species. It will also trigger more warming across the Earth. Essentially, the Arctic ice serves to reflect the solar radiation that enters the planets atmosphere back into space. Without it, the Earth will experience more erratic weather in the Northern Hemisphere and the permafrost will melt, which will release more carbon into the atmosphere.

Whether or not this is the plan that will solve the Arctic crisis, its important that we find some solution soon. According to studies, if we do nothing about the worlds carbon emissions and let the Arctic continue on as it is, summer Arctic sea ice will disappear by 2030.

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For $500 Billion, Scientists Think They Can Refreeze the Arctic - Futurism

Cowardice and Freedom – TPM (blog)

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Cowardice and Freedom - TPM (blog)

America’s Greatest Political Rhetoric Rewritten Using Paul Ryan’s Definition of Freedom – The Intercept

Fromits founding, the United States has been about one thing: freedom.But what is freedom, exactly? Washington, Jefferson, Lincoln, and many others jabbered on about itwithout defining what they were talking about. But finally a great American politician has explained exactly what freedom is:

So withPaul Ryans help, we now can go back and reread great American political rhetoric and at last understand what it means.

The First Amendment to the Constitution, 1789:

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment ofreligion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the ability to buy what you want to fit what you need of speech.

Thomas Jefferson on the founding of the University of Virginia, 1820:

This institution will be based on the illimitable ability to buy what you want to fit what you need of the human mind.

Abraham Lincoln at Gettysburg, 1863:

From these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which theygave the last full measure of devotion that we here highly resolve that these deadshall not have died in vain, that this nation under God shall have a new birth ofthe ability to buy what you want to fit what you need.

Franklin D. Roosevelt in his Four Freedoms address to Congress, 1941:

In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a worldfounded upon four essential human abilities to buy what you want to fit what you need.

Ronald Reagan, Message on the Observance of Afghanistan Day, 1983:

To watch the courageous Afghan ability-to-buy-what-you-want-to-fit-what-you-need-fighters battle modern arsenals with simplehandheld weapons is an inspiration to those who lovethe ability to buy what you want to fit what you need.Their courage teachesus a great lesson that there are things in this world worth defending.

Top photo from left to right: Abraham Lincoln, Franklin D. Roosevelt,Paul Ryan,Ronald Reagan, andThomas Jefferson.

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America's Greatest Political Rhetoric Rewritten Using Paul Ryan's Definition of Freedom - The Intercept

A threat to pedestrians: freedom – Minnesota Public Radio News (blog)

When a bipartisan group of legislators proposed that the Legislature pass more restrictions this month on the use of cellphones while driving, Republican lawmaker Warren Limmer offered a reason why it shouldnt.

They like their freedom, Limmer said of people who want the freedom to endanger other people.

Freedom apparently killed Scott Spoo, 35, of Woodbury this week. He was in the crosswalk on Dayton Avenue in St. Paul on Wednesday when a driver didnt stop.

Peter H. Berge, 60, of St. Paul, has been arrested.

According to witnesses interviewed at the scene, Mr. Berge may have been using his cellular phone at the time of the crash, police spokesman Steve Linders tells the Star Tribune.

Maybe he was. Maybe he wasnt. Even if true, its hardly an anomaly that drivers are on their phones and the rest of us are at risk because of their entitlement freedom, if you will to put us at risk.

On its Facebook page today, Sweet Science Ice Cream, tries a word that just doesnt seem to make any difference to far too many drivers: please.

Drivers with cellphones arent the only ones who cherish freedom.

So do people in crosswalks.

Bob Collins has been with Minnesota Public Radio since 1992, emigrating to Minnesota from Massachusetts. He was senior editor of news in the 90s, ran MPRs political unit, created the MPR News regional website, invented the popular Select A Candidate, started the two most popular blogs in the history of MPR and every day laments that his Minnesota Fantasy Legislature project never caught on.

NewsCut is a blog featuring observations about the news. It provides a forum for an online discussion and debate about events that might not typically make the front page. NewsCut posts are not news stories but reflections , observations, and debate.

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A threat to pedestrians: freedom - Minnesota Public Radio News (blog)

First scorecard on international religious freedom rates members of Congress – USA TODAY

Lauren Markoe, Religion News Service 10:33 a.m. ET Feb. 24, 2017

Pope Francis addresses a joint session of Congress on Sept. 24, 2014 in Washington.(Photo: Paul J. Richards, AFP/Getty Images)

Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., and Rep. Chris Smith, R-N.J., earned the highest scores on a first-of-its kind report card forfederal lawmakers on internationalreligious freedom issues.

Thescorecardrated senators on 14 legislative votes and representatives on 25 in the legislative session that began in January 2015 and ended in December 2016, and then factored in caucus work on the issue during that period.

The ranking was released by the21st Century Wilberforce Initiative, a nonprofit group that advocatesfor religious freedom. Its website says it does that from a distinctly Christian perspective while working on behalf of all individuals regardless of religion, belief, ethnicity, or location.

The scorecard focused on legislatorsresponses to measuressuch as a Senate resolution condemning Iran for its treatment of its Bahai minority, and House resolutions on the protection of Coptic churches in Egypt and on combating anti-Semitism in Europe.

Thereport concludes that while both Republicans and Democrats should have done better, with most scoring lower than an A or B, the Senate has been less engaged in promoting religious freedom than the House.

The reports authors said they hoped the scorecard would encourage recognition of those who prioritize international religious freedom issuesand inspire legislators to pay more attention to those oppressed abroad because of their religious identity or practice.

Having served 34 years in Congress, I know that the International Religious Freedom Congressional Scorecard is a much-needed tool, said former Rep. Frank Wolf, R-Va., a distinguished senior fellow at the Wilberforce Initiative who made religious freedom abroad a focus of his tenure in the House.

Support for theFrank R. Wolf International Freedom Act, which calls for stronger U.S. responses to religious freedom violations abroad, increased senators and representatives scorecard grades. The actwas signed into law by then-President Obama in 2016.

The 21st Century Wilberforce Initiative is named afterWilliam Wilberforce, an English parliamentarian, evangelical Christian and leader in the late 18th and early 19th centuries of the movement to abolish slavery.

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German writers, journalists call for Merkel to defend freedom of expression in Turkey – Deutsche Welle

Hundreds of thousands of internet users in Germany have signed a petition calling on the German government to address Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's crackdown on free speech.

The petition, called #FreeWordsTurkey, was launched on Friday by the German Publishers and Booksellers Association, the German arm of PEN International, a worldwide association for writers, and Reporters Without Borders Germany. More than 125,000 people to date have signed the petition, which urges both German Chancellor Angela Merkel and the EU Commission "to adopt a clear and resolute position on the current state of freedom of expression in Turkey."

The petition comes a week after German-Turkish journalist Deniz Ycel was taken into custody by Turkish authorities, the first German reporter to be caught in a widespread crackdown on human rights in the country that has seen around 120 media workers put in jail. The growing repression is seen as a response to a failed coup attempt in Turkey in July 2016.

'Free the words!'

"Freedom of expression is in acute danger in Turkey," the petition says, adding that "the German federal government and the EU Commission are obliged to re-evaluate their policies with regard to the countries in question."

The writers of the petition also say that the German government is responsible for providing quick aid to journalists and writers affected by Erdogan's crackdown, "for instance by issuing no-bureaucratic emergency visa."

The online petition, which ends with the exclamation "Free the words!" is seeking 150,000 signatories in total and will be sent to both Merkel and EU Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker.

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German writers, journalists call for Merkel to defend freedom of expression in Turkey - Deutsche Welle

Freedom girls basketball showed program what winning looks like again – lehighvalleylive.com

Investment without evidence is often needed when trying to turn around a struggling program.

Thats why this years Freedom High School girls basketball team will hold a special place in the heart of coach Dean Reiman. The Patriots made a commitment to winning, even without a guarantee that success would come.

That dedication is why Freedom was playing on Thursday night in the District 11 Class 6A quarterfinals.

The Patriots (14-10) snapped two long postseason droughts this winter, appearing in the district tournament for the first time since 2010 and the league bracket for the first time since 2006.

Their District 11 run, and season, however, came to an end at the hands of second-seeded Parkland, 65-54, at Whitehall High School.

They just talked in the locker room about how this is just establishing a foundation, Reiman said after the quarterfinal defeat. Im so proud of this group and the seniors. This group will always be special to me because they did it with blind faith. They didnt know what winning looked like.

Seniors Meckenzie Herman, Kaitlyn Swint, Giselle Sanchez and Jaiden Coyne hadnt seen an above-.500 record prior to this winter.

When you tell them you need to work harder, you need to lift more weights, you need to run more when youre a winning program, you know whats at the end of that, said Reiman, who wrapped up his second season at Freedom. When youre trying to become a winning program, its blind faith. I give these kids a lot of credit because they bought in and they worked their tails off to become a winning program.

Freedoms dedication to improvement got the Patriots to the postseason, but a rough third quarter resulted in an exit at the hands of Parkland. The No. 7 seed scored two points over the opening 5:50 of the second half, allowing the Trojans to pull out to a 43-30 advantage.

Parkland (18-6) made 23 foul shots on 30 attempts after intermission.

Obviously, we fouled a little bit more than we would have liked to, put them on the line and they made a lot of free throws in the second half, Reiman said. To start the third quarter, we couldnt make a basket. As we couldnt make baskets, we were fouling on the other end. That kind of set the tone for the rest of the game.

Junior forward Hailey Silfies, Freedoms All-Eastern Pennsylvania Conference selection, had a team-high 15 points on Thursday.

Reiman hopes this seasons progress sets the table for bigger accomplishments down the road.

Now, the torch will be carried by the juniors and sophomores, he said. Well see what Freedom basketball looks like in the future.

Kyle Craig may be reached atkcraig@lehighvalleylive.com. Follow him on Twitter@KyleCraigSports. Find Lehigh Valley high school sports on Facebook.

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Fake News Is Still Subject To Freedom Of Speech And Press – Daily Caller

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Let me be very clear

I dont care if our president liberal or conservative, democratic or republican, the freedom of speech and press are two constitutional mandates we have built our country on.

If you havent heard, the Trump Administration hand-picked media outlets to join Press Secretary Sean Spicer for a gaggle in his office. Simply put, the intention of the hand selection of who can and cannot join a White House press briefing, especially in the instant, shows some blatant disregard for differing editorial slants, in part by the administration.

Trust me, I am no fan of CNN, the New York Daily News, and Buzzfeed (a few of the outlets blocked for an off-camera press gaggle). Several of those publications drop to new lows in reporting; yet, even in the ignorant distribution of misinformation (all media included, even myself), constitutional rights supersede a childish dislike of the media.

The events of today present a scenario that many didnt expect. Being one of the many to vote for Donald Trump and rest all of our future interests on his presidency, I can maybe speak on the behalf of many conservatives and libertarian types that view this as a smack in the face to document and virtues he swore to protect.

Though I will face ridicule from many members of the nationalist flights of the Republican Party, freedom of speech and press resides as one of the most important freedoms to people. Even members of the fake news media are entitled to such protections, even if they feed the masses lies.

In the First Continental Congress, in the Appeal to the Inhabitants of Quebec, many of our founders broadly characterized the freedom of the press as a very sacred right.

The last right we shall mention regards the freedom of the press. The importance of this consists, besides the advancement of truth, science, morality, and arts in general, in its diffusion of liberal sentiments on the administration of Government, its ready communication of thoughts between subjects, and its consequential promotion of union among them, whereby oppressive officers are shamed or intimidated into more honorable and just modes of conducting affairs, the Appeal proclaimed.

As I mentioned above, this definition of a free press is monumentally broad. Though it mentions the advancement of truth, I personally define this component to be truth to the perspective of the publisher of the alleged remark that embodies some truth.

This very occurrence should remind us that the United States was, and still is, a marketplace of ideas, cultures, and people.

We cannot abandon that. I do still have hope with the Administration, yet we mustnt be afraid of looking and asking for answers for the acts of our elected officials (even if we did vote for them).

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Fake News Is Still Subject To Freedom Of Speech And Press - Daily Caller

Spencer Rendahl: Immigration And Eugenics – Vermont Public Radio

Almost a century ago in Charlottesville, Virginia, Carrie Bucks mother had been institutionalized for what was then called feeblemindedness.

Despite good grades Carrie was pulled from school by her foster parents at the end of sixth grade for domestic work. Soon Carrie became pregnant, and her foster family, knowing shed probably been assaulted by a visiting relative, also had her institutionalized for being feebleminded.

Carries circumstances made her the unfortunate legal target of the American eugenics movement.

As author Adam Cohen notes in his book, Imbeciles: The Supreme Court, American Eugenics, and the Sterilization of Carrie Buck, in the 1920s the United States was caught up in the belief that newly discovered scientific laws of heredity could perfect humanity. It was a compelling idea, and Eugenicists laid claim to a body of apparent scientific knowledge and practice that called for native-born Americans deemed mentally or physically deficient to be forcibly sterilized.

In a test case that went all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, lawyers in Virginia presented expert evidence that would never stand up to scrutiny today, that Carrie, her mother, and Carries 8-month-old daughter were feebleminded. In 1927 Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, a eugenics supporter, famously wrote that three generations of imbeciles are enough to justify the courts 8-1 ruling that allowed the State of Virginia to sterilize Carrie and countless others with qualities deemed undesirable.

Nazi Germany followed the lead of the American eugenics movement and forcibly sterilized 375,000 of their own citizens. In the Nuremburg trials, Nazi defendants attempted to use Holmes majority decision as a defense.

And heres the Immigration link, because eugenicists turned to immigration laws for non-citizens.

At the turn of the last century, record levels of immigrants poured into the country, bringing with them different religious, ethnic and political backgrounds. Fear of their numbers contributed to social unrest and set the stage for The Immigration Act of 1924.

Championed by eugenicists, the Act set quotas for immigration that favored northern European and Christian immigrants over southern and Slavic Europeans and Jews. This law barred Otto Frank from bringing his family here to escape the Holocaust. Its the tragic backdrop to his daughter Anns famous diary - in which she documents her life before perishing in Auschwitz.

I find it hard to accept that once again were debating immigration and religion in a similar atmosphere.

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Spencer Rendahl: Immigration And Eugenics - Vermont Public Radio

Injustice 2’s Story Trailer Adds Cyborg to the Action, Takes a Quick Trip to Apokolips – ComicsAlliance

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Were getting closer and closer to the release of Injustice 2, and NetherRealm Studios is sharing more and more of what to expect from the upcoming fighting game sequel. While weve been limited to a few character teasers these past few weeks, new story details have emerged thanks to the Shattered Alliances trailer shown off this week. Of course, the trailer does more than give us a hint of what Supermans been up to in the years since his imprisonment, it also hints at new characters and stages we might see this May.

Obviously the trailer doesnt show everything thats happening in Injustice 2s narrative, as NetherRealm doesnt want to spoil the final game for anyone. Theres also at least a second video in this series planned, so were likely to learn more about why Superman is out of his prison, and how the Regime is still functioning after Kal was captured and detained at the end of the first game. We do get some nice introductory chatter though between a few of the characters, which hints at the alliances that have been forged in this alternate DCU.

While he hasnt gotten a full trailer yet, Cyborg does make an brief appearance in this story trailer. Hes one of the returning characters from the Injustice, though he looks like he got a bit of a revamped look. Hes still clearly a Power User, though its hard to see what kind of abilities hell have. One thing we can see however is a hint of Apokolips during Cyborgs short screen time. I cant quite tell if its an actual stage or if it is part of Cyborgs Super, which somehow might open a portal to that world. With Darkseid appearing as a playable character it makes sense that Apokolips would be a fighting arena, but until we learn more its impossible to say in what way it will actually appear.

In addition to the new trailer, the Injustice 2 pre-order page has updated to include more details about whats included with the Digital Deluxe and Ultimate editions of the game. Both will get you the core game, but the Digital Deluxe version also includes 3 DLC fighters and a premier skin for Supergirl that turns her into Power Girl, complete with new dialogue, look and more. The Ultimate edition comes with all the planned DLC fighters (which will be rolled out in the year following Injustice 2s release), and premier skins for Flash, Green Lantern (who we now know is in the game, and Supergirl. The Flash skin will turn him into Reverse Flash, Green Lanterns turns him into John Stewart (meaning Hal will be the primary version), and Supergirl is again Power Girl.

On top of all that (yes, there is somehow even more), new key art for Injustice 2 was revealed, showing Superman battling a number of characters like Catwoman, Harley Quinn, Blue Beetle and the Flash. If you look closely however, you can see that this is just one part of a larger piece. Gorilla Grodds arm is visible on the right side of the picture, hinting that hell be battling another bunch of characters on the next portion. Just how many pieces there are to this visual remains to be seen, but hopefully NetherRealm releases a fully complete version rather than forcing us to try and match individual pieces up as they are released.

Injustice 2 will be out on May 5 for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One.

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Injustice 2's Story Trailer Adds Cyborg to the Action, Takes a Quick Trip to Apokolips - ComicsAlliance

Cris Cyborg: Holly Holm Doesn’t Deserve de Randamie Rematch – Yahoo Sports

Germaine de Randamie secured her spot in the history books as the first UFC womens featherweight champion when she defeated former bantamweight titleholder Holly Holm at UFC 208 on Feb. 11. It was a closely contested bout that also had a bit of controversy.

de Randamie landed punches after the bell in the second and third rounds of the title fight. Holm filed an appeal with the New York State Athletic Commission requesting a review of Referee Todd Andersons failure to deduct one or more points from Germaine de Randamie following her repeated strikes thrown after the horn sounded to end Rounds 2 and 3. Due to the controversy, de Randamie believes Holm deserves an immediate rematch.

I want to say that itwas a heated battle with lots of emotion, but I am nota dirty fighter.I have always trained to fight to the end or until the referee steps in. Never did I punch around or over the referee to deliver a cheap shot on Holly. I have nothing but respect for Holly and the UFC, and because of that I want to say right now that I think I owe it to Holly and the fans to do this fight again to make sure that the winner of this historic belt is crystal clear. Holly lets do thisagain, de Randamie posted on Facebook on Feb. 13.

Sitting in attendance at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn, N.Y.,for the UFC 208 title fight was the top 145-pound female fighter in the world, Cris Cyborg Justino. UFC president Dana White recently admitted that the women's featherweight division was created for Cyborg. The only reason Holm and de Randamie fought for the inaugural belt was because Cyborg didn't want to fight in February.

In December, Cyborg was flagged for a potential anti-doping violation. Following a two-month investigation she was cleared of the anti-doping allegation after it was determined that a doctor prescribed medication was the cause of the positive test result. She was granted a retroactive Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE) for the medication and was given the green light to accept a fight on Feb. 17.

TRENDING > Was Cris Cyborg Treated Unfairly by the Media and Fans?

If she had her way, she would face de Randamie at UFC 212 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on June 3 for the 145-pound title. de Randamie wants to give Holm a rematch, butCyborg doesn't think Holm deserves one.

I dont think Holly Holm deserves the rematch now. I really dont think so. I think Germaine won the fight, Justino said while appearing on The MMA Hour. I think she should fight again and get a win. She fought Germaine for the belt and had two losses in a row. I dont think the rematch is going to happen.

I dont think she deserves to fight again with Germaine.

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This Nature Videographer Is A Nightmarish Cyborg In A Dog Disguise – Geek

The good folks at PBS Nature have been capturing stunning imagery of animals for years. These days, some of their best footage is being recorded by creations like this disturbing-looking fellow.

This is a sophisticated robo-dog that Nature used to film the activities of wild dogs for their Spy In The Wild series. They dressed him up before dropping him off in the bush, of course. With his fuzzy little dog costume on youd never guess that there was something that looked like it crawled out of a Scott Cawthon game hiding underneath and waiting to jumpscare you.

The disguise certainly seems to be convincing enough. Here, one of the wild pups comes in for a closer look:

Its not just the robodogs good looks that put his flesh-and-bone friends at ease. His movements though a bit stiff and understandably animatronic at times are still authentic enough to maintain the ruse. Thanks to the cool people at Nature, you can take an up-close look at what makes those movements possible:

Their shoot with the wild dogs is by no means the first time Spy In The Wild has punked a group of unsuspecting animals. Theyve also sent a crocodile hatchling, prairie dog, bushbaby, cobra and and a bunch of others out to record. Theyve even stashed cameras inside fake penguin eggs and nuts.

The results are always fun to watch especially when an animal figures out that something is amiss. Theres something deeply satisfying about watching a polar bear destroy a camera rig.

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This Nature Videographer Is A Nightmarish Cyborg In A Dog Disguise - Geek

Sand replacement helped shore up beaches against El Nino – The San Diego Union-Tribune

Last years El Nino may have produced weak rainfall, but it triggered powerful waves that took a bite out of West Coast beaches, according to a study published this month by researchers with Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the U.S. Geological Survey.

The study, published in the journal Nature Communications last week, found that winter beach erosion was 76 percent higher than normal at 29 beaches from Washington to Southern California.

In San Diego County, four beaches were included in the reportand three of them Imperial, Cardiff and Solana Beach fared relatively well amid the pounding waves. Torrey Pines Beach, however, crumbled under the oceans onslaught. Waves swept away the sand, cutting intothe shoulder of Highway 101,andleaving a rockyshoreline flanked by boulders.

The difference is related to the type and timing of sand replenishment projects at those beaches, said Scripps post-doctoral researcher Bonnie Ludka, a co-author on the study.

We did see that extreme erosion at Torrey Pines, but we saw such different results for the beaches that were nourished with replacement sand, Ludka said.

The Nature Communications study pooledresults from numerous West Coast scientists who were studying beach conditions in their areas, to create a regional record of sand loss.

We combined our data sets to look at this phenomenon, Ludka said. I think its really important to understand how these El Ninos affect the coast.

The authors analyzed those figures to reveal the unseen impact of El Nino in 2015-16. West-Coast residents might have concluded that El Nino fizzled when it failed to produce predicted rains, but record heat was roiling in the water, fueling waves that crashed ashore and dragged beach sand out to sea.

The public perception was that nothing happened, but the waves were among the largest ever recorded so the beaches responded accordingly, said lead author Patrick Barnard, a coastal geologist with the USGS.

As a result, most California beaches eroded beyond historical extremes, the study stated, warning that this could become the new normal.

The exceptions were San Diego beaches that received sand shipments, as well as some Pacific Northwest shorelines that had built up naturally during previous mild winters.

The lesson there, is that these wide beaches, whether theyre wide naturally or wide artificially, are the first line of protection against storm erosion and flooding, Barnard said. And for the most part they did their job.

Beaches depend on creeks and rivers that wash sediment downstream, renewing the sand supply each year. That process faces a triple threat; the watersheds are blocked by dams, and parched by drought, leaving beaches exposed to increasingly intense winter storms.

If severe El Nio events become more common in the future as some studies suggest, this coastal region, home to more than 25 million people, will become increasingly vulnerable to coastal hazards, independently of projected sea-level rise, the study stated.

An earlier study published by Ludka and other Scripps researchers in a journal of the American Geophysical Union last year suggested that strategic use of sand replacement could forestall those effects.

Torrey Pines Beach was one of a dozen San Diego beaches shored up in 2001, with grains similar in size to its natural sand. The entire reconstructed beach pad, however, washed away in a single, ordinary storm that winter. During last years El Nino, heavy waves further whittled the coastline, carving chunks of sand from the beach and strewing cobbles along the strand.

By contrast, coarse grain sand was added to Imperial, Cardiff and Solana Beach in 2012. That replenished sand lasted several years, and weathered last years El Nino better than expected, with wide stretches of sand left intact.

The coarser grains are harder for waves and currents to move around, Ludkasaid. Thats true because after the sand is lifted up into the water column, those grains fall more quickly to the bed than finer grains.

The three beaches, on average remained 30 feet wider last year than they did during the previous El Nino year in 2009-10, Ludka said.

Those were subject to a barrage of really big waves, and were more resilient to erosion, she said.

Although the findings suggest that beach replenishment could be a long-term strategy for fighting erosion, they also illustratethe challenge ahead for California beaches, researchers said.

Weve modified these watersheds with damming, Barnard said. Were in a drought, and droughts of this magnitude are expected to occur more frequently. And on top of that, youve got sea level rising. Were going to have an even more limited sand supply, and were going to need a lot more of it.

deborah.brennan@sduniontribune.com Twitter@deborahsbrennan

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Sand replacement helped shore up beaches against El Nino - The San Diego Union-Tribune

Two New England beaches among TripAdvisor’s best in US – The Boston Globe

Ogunquit Beach in Ogunquit, Maine.

Two New England beaches Race Point in Provincetown and Ogunquit Beach in Ogunquit, Maine have landed in the top 25 of TripAdvisors Worlds Best Beaches 2017 Travelers Choice Awards.

Despite making the list, neither managed to crack the top 10. This is the second year the two beaches received the honor. Ogunquit and Race Point were named alongside famous beaches such as South Beach in Miami, Kaanapali Beach on the Hawaiian island of Maui, and St. Pete Beach in St. Pete Beach, Fla.

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The two beaches have remarkably different personalities. Race Point is outside the commercial center of Provincetown and is most easily reached by bike or car. Its surrounded by dune grass and is part of the protected Cape Cod National Seashore, which falls under the purview of the US National Park Service. Ogunquit Beach is a wide, flat stretch of sand adjacent to essential beachside businesses, including T-shirt shops and an ice cream take-out window.

The comments on TripAdvisor highlight these distinct differences. Most Ogunquit commenters focus on the tides and the walkability of the beach.

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Great place to walk with children, beautiful and wide view of the sea. Restaurants and shops available, one said.

We have come to Ogunquit every summer for almost 40 years, sometimes just for the day. Its a great beach for everyone! Kids and adults love the waves, and theres usually plenty of room, added another.

Race Point reviews on TripAdvisor mention the serenity, beauty, and wildlife of the beach.

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No other sunset takes my breath away like Race Point. No place revives my soul like Race Point. I traveled a bit over 300 miles solo just to see it, one fan commented.

The most magical peaceful place in the world! The nature trials, beautiful trees, beaches, and sand dunes leave you speechless! wrote a very effusive Race Point supporter.

Christopher Muther/Globe staff

Race Point Beach in Provincetown.

Heres the full list of TripAdvisors Best Beaches in the US 2017:

1. Siesta Beach Siesta Key, Fla.

2. Kaanapali Beach Lahaina, Hawaii (Maui)

3. St. Pete Beach St. Pete Beach, Fla.

4. Clearwater Beach Clearwater, Fla.

5. Beach at Panama City Panama City Beach, Fla.

6. Hollywood Beach Hollywood, Fla.

7. Pensacola Beach Pensacola Beach, Fla.

8. St. Augustine Beach St. Augustine Beach, Fla.

9. Hanauma Bay Nature Preserve Honolulu (Hawaii)

10. Ocean City Beach Ocean City, Md.

11. Fort Lauderdale Beach Fort Lauderdale, Fla.

12. South Beach Miami Beach

13. Waianapanapa State Park Hana, Hawaii (Maui)

14. Ogunquit Beach Ogunquit, Maine

15. Wailea Beach Wailea, Hawaii (Maui)

16. Lanikai Beach Kailua, Hawaii (Oahu)

17. Henderson Beach State Park Destin, Fla.

18. Driftwood Beach Jekyll Island, Ga.

19. Virginia Beach Virginia Beach, Va.

20. Santa Monica Beach Santa Monica, Calif.

21. La Jolla Shores Park San Diego, Calif.

22. Hapuna Beach Puako, Hawaii (Hawaii)

23. Race Point Beach Provincetown

24. Carlsbad State Beach Carlsbad, Calif.

25. Poipu Beach Park Poipu, Hawaii (Kauai)

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Two New England beaches among TripAdvisor's best in US - The Boston Globe

Horrifying ‘sea monster’ carcasses found washed up on Philippines beaches (PHOTOS) – RT

Published time: 24 Feb, 2017 10:21

The sea around the Philippines has produced nightmarish sea creatures in recent days, with two bizarre carcasses washing ashore. Locals were left baffled by the horrifying discoveries, though marine experts believe theyve solved the mystery.

Photos of a 4.5-meter bloodied carcass covered in white hair went viral after washing up on one of the Dinagat Islands in the Philippines on Wednesday.

Curious locals got close enough to the carcass to see what looked a lot like one of Luke Skywalkers victims.

Officials told local media that it is likely that the carcass was that of a sea cow, based on skin found near the shore, reported Science Alert, in an attempt to calm locals ready to arm themselves against an onslaught of monsters readying to attack from the sea.

The alleged sea cow wasnt alone in coming to shore, though, with locals in Agusan del Norte, over 200km from the Dinagat Islands, waking up to find a nightmarishly long serpent-like creature on their beach.

Several meters long and with an eyeball seemingly capable of staring into the human soul, the demonic ocean creature is in fact an oarfish, according to marine experts. The oarfish is rarely seen due to its usually deep residence of up to 1,000 meters under the ocean.

National Geographic reports that the elusive fish has made several appearances in recent weeks in the Philippines. This is usually due to unknown changes in the deep ocean pushing a group of them to the surface, where they cant handle the different water conditions and die.

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Horrifying 'sea monster' carcasses found washed up on Philippines beaches (PHOTOS) - RT

Ortley Beach residents worry about narrow beaches – Asbury Park Press

Residents of Ortley Beach are concerned about a lack of sand on portions of the beach. Iphone video by Jean Mikle

The beach in front of the Golden Gull condominiums in Ortley Beach(Photo: Jean Mikle)

TOMS RIVER - Ortley Beach residents have raised the alarm about the lack of sand on the beach in certain spots in the oceanfront neighborhood, saying they're concerned that the next storm could bring flooding to the area.

"One more big storm and it could break through there," said Ortley Beach resident Debbie Martin, who lives on Ocean Avenue, across the street from the former site of Joey Harrison's Surf Club and the battered condominiums next-door.

The surf club was destroyed by superstorm Sandy in 2012 and since the demolition, only a small strip of sand stands between the ocean and the roadway. Next to the site of the surf club are condominiums that were wrecked by waves and flooding on the night Sandy struck.

Stairs damaged by a January nor'easter in Ortley Beach(Photo: Jean Mikle)

Martin and Ortley resident Ken Langdon asked the Township Council why Toms River did not dump sand in front of the Golden Gull or at the former surf club site after the fierce nor'easter struck in late January. Langdon is a long-time critic of the township's beach maintenance policies.

The township's contractor, Cardinal Construction, dumped more than 30,000 cubic yards of sand on the beach following the storm.

Township Engineer Robert J. Chankalian said the beach is so narrow in some spots in Ortley that sand dumped there would probably only last one or two high tides before it was washed out to sea. The narrowness of the beach makes it impossible to build dunes in some areas, he said.

"We put as much sand out there as we can," Chankalian said. "We're not going to just throw it away."

He said the large majority of sand placed on the beach after the storm was deposited in Ortley Beach, with only a small amount in the Normandy Beach section.

Sand is replaced Friday afternoon, January 27, 2017, along the coastline at Harding Avenue in Ortley Beach after it was washed away by this weeks Nor'easter.(Photo: THOMAS P. COSTELLO)

"We're just trying to get through nor'easter season," Chankalian said. He added he hopes the beach replenishment work can be completed before next winter.

A $128-million project to expand beaches and build 22-foot dunes from the Manasquan to Barnegat inlets is expected to start this spring and take about 600 days to complete.

The project is expected to start in southern Mantoloking and head south.

Every home in Mantoloking was either damaged or destroyed by superstorm Sandy, which cut an inlet through the town near the Mantoloking Bridge. In Ortley, damage was so extensive that residents dubbed the neighborhood Sandy's "ground zero."

Jean Mikle: (732) 643-4050, jmikle@gannettnj.com

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Ortley Beach residents worry about narrow beaches - Asbury Park Press

Amateur astronomy – Wikipedia

"Stargazing" redirects here. For the television programme, see Stargazing Live.

Amateur astronomy is a hobby whose participants enjoy watching the sky, and the abundance of objects found in it with the unaided eye, binoculars, or telescopes. Even though scientific research is not their main goal, many amateur astronomers make a contribution to astronomy by monitoring variable stars, tracking asteroids and discovering transient objects, such as comets and novae.

The typical amateur astronomer is one who does not depend on the field of astronomy as a primary source of income or support, and does not have a professional degree or advanced academic training in the subject. Many amateurs are beginners or hobbyists, while others have a high degree of experience in astronomy and often assist and work alongside professional astronomers.

Amateur astronomy is usually associated with viewing the night sky when most celestial objects and events are visible, but sometimes amateur astronomers also operate during the day for events such as sunspots and solar eclipses. Amateur astronomers often look at the sky using nothing more than their eyes, but common tools for amateur astronomy include portable telescopes and binoculars.

People have studied the sky throughout history in an amateur framework, without any formal method of funding. It is only within about the past century, however, that amateur astronomy has become an activity clearly distinguished from professional astronomy, and other related activities.

Collectively, amateur astronomers observe a variety of celestial objects and phenomena. Common targets of amateur astronomers include the Moon, planets, stars, comets, meteor showers, and a variety of deep sky objects such as star clusters, galaxies, and nebulae. Many amateurs like to specialise in observing particular objects, types of objects, or types of events which interest them. One branch of amateur astronomy, amateur astrophotography, involves the taking of photos of the night sky. Astrophotography has become more popular with the introduction of far easier to use equipment including, digital cameras, DSLR cameras and relatively sophisticated purpose built high quality CCD cameras.

Most amateur astronomers work at visible wavelengths, but a small minority experiment with wavelengths outside the visible spectrum. An early pioneer of radio astronomy was Grote Reber, an amateur astronomer who constructed the first purpose built radio telescope in the late 1930s to follow up on the discovery of radio wavelength emissions from space by Karl Jansky. Non-visual amateur astronomy includes the use of infrared filters on conventional telescopes, and also the use of radio telescopes. Some amateur astronomers use home-made radio telescopes, while others use radio telescopes that were originally built for astronomy research but have since been made available for use by amateurs. The One-Mile Telescope is one such example.

Amateur astronomers use a range of instruments to study the sky, depending on a combination of their interests and resources. Methods include simply looking at the night sky with the naked eye, using binoculars, and using a variety of optical telescopes of varying power and quality, as well as additional sophisticated equipment, such as cameras, to study light from the sky in both the visual and non-visual parts of the spectrum. Commercial telescopes are available, new and used, but it is also common for amateur astronomers to build (or commission the building of) their own custom telescopes. Some people even focus on amateur telescope making as their primary interest within the hobby of amateur astronomy.

Although specialized and experienced amateur astronomers tend to acquire more specialized and more powerful equipment over time, relatively simple equipment is often preferred for certain tasks. Binoculars, for instance, although generally of lower power than the majority of telescopes, also tend to provide a wider field of view, which is preferable for looking at some objects in the night sky.

Amateur astronomers also use star charts that, depending on experience and intentions, may range from simple planispheres through to detailed charts of very specific areas of the night sky. A range of astronomy software is available and used by amateur astronomers, including software that generates maps of the sky, software to assist with astrophotography, observation scheduling software, and software to perform various calculations pertaining to astronomical phenomena.

Amateur astronomers often like to keep records of their observations, which usually takes the form of an observing log. Observing logs typically record details about which objects were observed and when, as well as describing the details that were seen. Sketching is sometimes used within logs, and photographic records of observations have also been used in recent times. The information gathered is used to help studies and interactions between amateur astronomers in yearly gatherings. Although not professional information or credible, it is a way for the hobby lovers to share their new sightings and experiences.

The Internet is an essential tool of amateur astronomers. The popularity of CCD imaging among amateurs has led to large numbers of web sites being written by individuals about their images and equipment. Much of the social interaction of amateur astronomy occurs on mailing lists or discussion groups. Discussion group servers host numerous astronomy lists. A great deal of the commerce of amateur astronomy, the buying and selling of equipment, occurs online. Many amateurs use online tools to plan their nightly observing sessions using tools such as the Clear Sky Chart.

While a number of interesting celestial objects are readily identified by the naked eye, sometimes with the aid of a star chart, many others are so faint or inconspicuous that technical means are necessary to locate them. Although many methods are used in amateur astronomy, most are variations of a few specific techniques.

Star hopping is a method often used by amateur astronomers with low-tech equipment such as binoculars or a manually driven telescope. It involves the use of maps (or memory) to locate known landmark stars, and "hopping" between them, often with the aid of a finderscope. Because of its simplicity, star hopping is a very common method for finding objects that are close to naked-eye stars.

More advanced methods of locating objects in the sky include telescope mounts with setting circles, which assist with pointing telescopes to positions in the sky that are known to contain objects of interest, and GOTO telescopes, which are fully automated telescopes that are capable of locating objects on demand (having first been calibrated).

Setting circles are angular measurement scales that can be placed on the two main rotation axes of some telescopes. Since the widespread adoption of digital setting circles, any classical engraved setting circle is now specifically identified as an "analog setting circle" (ASC). By knowing the coordinates of an object (usually given in equatorial coordinates), the telescope user can use the setting circle to align the telescope in the appropriate direction before looking through its eyepiece. A computerized setting circle is called a "digital setting circle" (DSC). Although digital setting circles can be used to display a telescope's RA and Dec coordinates, they are not simply a digital read-out of what can be seen on the telescope's analog setting circles. As with go-to telescopes, digital setting circle computers (commercial names include Argo Navis, Sky Commander, and NGC Max) contain databases of tens of thousands of celestial objects and projections of planet positions.

To find an object, such as globular cluster NGC 6712, one does not need to look up the RA and Dec coordinates in a book, and then move the telescope to those numerical readings. Rather, the object is chosen from the database and arrow markers appear in the display which indicate the direction to move the telescope. The telescope is moved until the distance value reaches zero. When both the RA and Dec axes are thus "zeroed out", the object should be in the eyepiece. The user therefore does not have to go back and forth from some other database (such as a book or laptop) to match the desired object's listed coordinates to the coordinates on the telescope. However, many DSCs, and also go-to systems, can work in conjunction with laptop sky programs.[citation needed]

Computerized systems provide the further advantage of computing coordinate precession. Traditional printed sources are subtitled by the 'epoch year, which refers to the positions of celestial objects at a given time to the nearest year (e.g., J2005, J2007). Most such printed sources have been updated for intervals of only about every fifty years (e.g., J1900, J1950, J2000). Computerized sources, on the other hand, are able to calculate the right ascension and declination of the "epoch of date" to the exact instant of observation.

GOTO telescopes have become more popular since the 1980s as technology has improved and prices have been reduced. With these computer-driven telescopes, the user typically enters the name of the item of interest and the mechanics of the telescope point the telescope towards that item automatically. They have several notable advantages for amateur astronomers intent on research. For example, GOTO telescopes tend to be faster for locating items of interest than star hopping, allowing more time for studying of the object. GOTO also allows manufacturers to add equatorial tracking to mechanically simpler alt-azimuth telescope mounts, allowing them to produce an overall less expensive product. GOTO telescopes usually have to be calibrated using alignment stars in order to provide accurate tracking and positioning. However, several telescope manufacturers have recently developed telescope systems that are calibrated with the use of built-in GPS, decreasing the time it takes to set up a telescope at the start of an observing session.

With the development of fast Internet in the last part of the 20th century along with advances in computer controlled telescope mounts and CCD cameras 'Remote Telescope' astronomy is now a viable means for amateur astronomers not aligned with major telescope facilities to partake in research and deep sky imaging. This enables anyone to control a telescope a large distance away in a dark location. The observers can image through the telescopes using CCD cameras. The digital data collected by the telescope is then transmitted and displayed to the user by means of the Internet. An example of a digital remote telescope operation for public use via the Internet is the The Bareket Observatory, and there are telescope farms in New Mexico,[2]Australia and Atacama in Chile.[3]

Amateur astronomers engage in many imaging techniques including film, DSLR, LRGB, and CCD astrophotography. Because CCD imagers are linear, image processing may be used to subtract away the effects of light pollution, which has increased the popularity of astrophotography in urban areas. Narrowband filters may also be used to minimize light pollution.[4]

Scientific research is most often not the main goal for many amateur astronomers, unlike professional astronomers. Work of scientific merit is possible, however, and many amateurs successfully contribute to the knowledge base of professional astronomers. Astronomy is sometimes promoted as one of the few remaining sciences for which amateurs can still contribute useful data. To recognize this, the Astronomical Society of the Pacific annually gives Amateur Achievement Awards for significant contributions to astronomy by amateurs.

The majority of scientific contributions by amateur astronomers are in the area of data collection. In particular, this applies where large numbers of amateur astronomers with small telescopes are more effective than the relatively small number of large telescopes that are available to professional astronomers. Several organizations, such as the American Association of Variable Star Observers, exist to help coordinate these contributions.

Amateur astronomers often contribute toward activities such as monitoring the changes in brightness of variable stars and supernovae, helping to track asteroids, and observing occultations to determine both the shape of asteroids and the shape of the terrain on the apparent edge of the Moon as seen from Earth. With more advanced equipment, but still cheap in comparison to professional setups, amateur astronomers can measure the light spectrum emitted from astronomical objects, which can yield high-quality scientific data if the measurements are performed with due care. A relatively recent role for amateur astronomers is searching for overlooked phenomena (e.g., Kreutz Sungrazers) in the vast libraries of digital images and other data captured by Earth and space based observatories, much of which is available over the Internet.

In the past and present, amateur astronomers have played a major role in discovering new comets. Recently however, funding of projects such as the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research and Near Earth Asteroid Tracking projects has meant that most comets are now discovered by automated systems, long before it is possible for amateurs to see them.

There are a large number of amateur astronomical societies around the world, that serve as a meeting point for those interested in amateur astronomy. Members range from active observers with their own equipment to "armchair astronomers" who are simply interested in the topic. Societies range widely in their goals, which may depend on a variety of factors such as geographic spread, local circumstances, size, and membership. For example, a small local society in dark countryside may focus on practical observing and star parties, whereas a large one based in a major city might be limited by light pollution and thus hold regular indoor meetings with guest speakers instead. Major national or international societies generally publish their own journal or newsletter, and many hold large multi-day meetings akin to a scientific conference. They may also have sections devoted to particular topics, such as observing the Moon or amateur telescope making.

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Amateur astronomy - Wikipedia

Celebrate Supernova 1987A’s 30th birthday with a stellar image set – Astronomy Magazine

On the night of February 23, 1987, the first light reached Earth from the death of a massive star in the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). For those in the Southern Hemisphere, a new star appeared in the sky and remained visible to the naked eye for months, peaking in brightness in May of that year before it faded from view. Dubbed SN 1987A, this event occurred a mere 166,000 light-years away and provided astronomers with unparalleled insight into the end stages of massive stars. In celebration of the 30th anniversary of this event, NASA is releasing new images and information about SN 1987A.

SN 1987A has greatly furthered our understanding of the supernova process and the stages that both precede and follow it. In a press release, Robert Kirshner of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation explained, The 30 years' worth of observations of SN 1987A are important because they provide insight into the last stages of stellar evolution.

Thirty years ago, astronomers understanding of supernovae was limited at best, simply because no nearby events had been observed with any appreciable resolution. But SN 1987A is located in the Tarantula Nebula of the Milky Ways satellite galaxy, the LMC, and was the brightest supernova visible from Earth since 1604. Although ground-based telescopes were only able to resolve the resulting remnant as a small blob, the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) began taking high-resolution images of SN 1987A in 1990, revealing in detail the structure surrounding this former star.

Astronomers have continued to image SN 1987A in great detail with HST and other telescopes over the years, including the Chandra X-ray Observatoryand, more recently, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). These images have revealed a ring-like structure around the supernovas progenitor star that was ejected from the star 20,000 years before its explosive death. Not only is there a main ring surrounding the supernova remnant, but two outer rings as well that give the object an hourglass shape.

The rings have been illuminated more than once first, by the light from the initial supernova explosion, and then again several years later, in 2001, as slower-moving shock waves caused by the explosion finally reached the distance of the rings. By observing the rings over time in various wavelengths of light, astronomers have been able to draw a clearer picture of the composition and structure of the gas surrounding the once-18-solar mass star. In turn, the characteristics of this structure will shed light on the late stages of this stars life before it exploded.

But for all that weve learned about SN 1987A, theres still a lot we dont know. For example, two hours before the optical light from the supernova was first seen, neutrino detectors deep underground in Japan and the United States registered a wave of neutrinos from the star. These detections point to the formation of a compact object, either a neutron star or black hole, as the star exploded. At 18-20 times the mass of the sun, the star that created SN 1987A could have left either option behind. But thus far, astronomers have not been able to find either object at the center of the remnant.

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Celebrate Supernova 1987A's 30th birthday with a stellar image set - Astronomy Magazine