Personal Power: My Experience with Spirituality & Depression – HuffPost

You never want to admit that your mental illnesses affect the most important aspects about yourself. You cover-up, you lie, you bury the sick parts of you and hope theyll just go away one day.

My own mental illness came to affect the part of myself that was trying to heal me.

I was ten when it was first suggested to me that I might have depression, and for a long time it didnt seem to be something about myself that I could help. I was constantly sad and sluggish, with my world sounding muffled and appearing grayed-out and blurry.

It was always a silent, cloudy day.

At the time, I considered myself Christian in name only since I knew of no other path I could walk. But I can recall several times in my life when I isolated myself and prayed as earnestly as I could -- palms pressed so hard that they could fuse, eyes clenched tight, head bowed low in respect -- that this numbing ache that engulfed me and all the problems it caused in my life could just go away. If God saved people, what would it take for Him to save me, to bring happiness and life to my world again? No response could bring me the change I desperately sought.

At fifteen, by chance, I ended up with a book that would slowly introduce me into the world of Paganism. The words and knowledge I drank in ended up nourishing my heart and soul in a way I had been starving for for ages. The magical spirituality called out to me in a language I could finally understand, one Id never heard from other religions I had grown up hearing about. My world opened up that day, blooming like a flower right before my eyes.

What drew me so much to Paganism was the emphasis on personal power and healing. They werent new concepts to me, as they were advertised in countless self-help books my older sister recommended. But the language in those pages seemed too impersonal and clinical, and never clicked with me. Paganism wove my own natural interests of the earth with my need to seek a healing touch for my life. It really struck me, like sparkling white inspiration, that I could become a stronger person on the inside by manifesting my wishes with physical act and spiritual intention. I didnt have to leave it in anyone elses hands, or wait for a miracle; there was a personal power already inside me that could influence my environment and shape my life for the better.

(For the record, I dont dismiss Christianity or professional self-help methods; after all, these both helped the well-being and peace of other members of my family. Neither were simply for me, is all.)

Everything went well for a few years, as I studied and read with enthusiasm. I was in college by the time I could start practicing Paganism with others. Most days went well, and brought a unique happiness to my life. But in practice, I came to some familiar roadblocks.

Sometimes I was too depressed to work enough energy for a spell. My spellwork became sloppy and my meditations were sometimes less-than-fulfilling. During rituals with my group, I often wondered if I was able to draw enough energy to contribute, if my magic was potent enough when I had to dig at the bottom of the barrel.

Then I began to have doubts -- was I enough to even follow the Pagan path, to bring healing and change?

It suddenly seemed daunting and too tiring a wish, all the research and energy I had to expend to learn how to better my world.

I came to learn an important lesson: by no means is my spirituality a magical -- if youll excuse the pun -- cure for my mental illnesses. If it was, then there would be no work put into taking care of myself. This wasnt a path I wanted to give up, simply because of all the love and magic for the earth and the universe and myself.

Nowadays, I realize that the small things are all the difference in the world sometimes. As long as the intention is there, you can make magic; your personal power doesnt have to manifest in mighty, flashy ways.

I cant have in altar in my current living situation, and neither can I do particularly large spellwork. But I still rub lavender oil behind my ears to calm my anxiety through the day. I still make chamomile and mint teas to soothe my depression. I light cinnamon incense or white candles if I feel there is too much negativity clogging up the house or if I simply need a healing touch. Sometimes Ill stare at the flames flicker or the curling wisps of smoke, imagining casting my anxious or depressive thoughts into the blackest part of the flame, and have them evaporate away from me.

These are not flashy pieces of spellwork, and are so mundane that anyone could do them, but tiny tools such as these still provide bits of magic to my life, and surround me in a clean, peaceful aura that makes me feel like I do have the power to heal myself, to bring power to myself.

It takes time. Perhaps a lifetime. But I have the tools to weather through the bad days; Im learning more and more how to channel my energy, how to bring positivity to my environment. Even if I feel the heavy weight that my efforts are fruitless, what matters is that I do them anyway. As I learn more about myself and this path, I discover new ways to heal both others and myself.

And that word is more magical and powerful than others may realize, and its the reason I still do anything that I do:

At the end of the day, I want that to be my personal power.

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Personal Power: My Experience with Spirituality & Depression - HuffPost

Religion, spirituality and mental health – Coast Reporter

I am frequently asked whether religious or spiritual practice can improve our mental health, or mitigate specific symptoms of a mental illness.

The answer to this is difficult for three primary reasons, mainly centered on generalization.

First, there are myriad religions and spiritual traditions, and to lump them all into one category is misleading and mistaken.

Second, mental health is a deep, highly personal, and multi-faceted phenomenon.

Third, and above all, we are all individuals; the way we react to our inner and outer landscapes is as varied as Nature herself.

That being said, we can certainly make some useful distinctions.

Today, lets look at religion versus spirituality.

As I see it, religion is a structure of beliefs usually centered on a singular conception of divine identity as well as a body of text like the Bible which provides a structured bedrock. Many folks feeling adrift as the result of a mental illness will find solace and security in a religion.

While belief may be a profoundly personal journey, the external referent is commonly a necessary foundation its inherent proscriptions and (often) inflexibilities a comfort.

Spirituality, in its more basic colloquial definition, is more ephemeral, perhaps more personal though it is an absolute precondition for religious belief.

Folks whom I have interviewed for this article have described their personal spirituality as ineffable, fluid and deeply individual. (I will say, too, that many of my religious friends describe their faith experience in the same way.)

But here on the Coast, especially, there is sacredness about the forest and ocean a sense and experience bordering on mysticism that can soothe the troubled mind of its difficult moods and give deeper meaning to existence.

Decades of studying, experiencing, sharing and writing about mood and mental health have revealed to me that most folks living with emotional distress follow a pattern a bit like the stages of grief.

The first stage is: Why? Why me? What did I ever do to deserve a mind so uneasy and exhibit behaviour so unlike me? So out of control? This is the stage most often accompanied by a sense of guilt and anger.

It is at this point that religion may provide a necessary port in the storm, for religion (as I have briefly defined it) is steady, proscriptive. A degree of inflexibility, orthodoxy, is an anchor. But that is sometimes not enough, or is just the first step.

For some folks, the why question yields to acceptance, where the quest for understanding and deeper existential significance moves to a state of surrender, where the separation between self and ego melts into a sense of unity with Nature.

We on the Coast are blessed. We have incredible, quiet forests to walk, full of colour and birdsong (and the odd bear). We have beautiful beaches with their tides and smells. And we have churches, for those who find solace there.

When we come to understand ourselves as being in harmony with Nature or with whatever divine presence we recognize we find peace in the knowledge that we are a part of creation, no matter what our ego tells us. And that is where self-judgment ends and the path to peace begins.

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Religion, spirituality and mental health - Coast Reporter

Indian guru’s body preserved in freezer, as followers believe he will come back to life – Telegraph.co.uk

An Indian court on Wednesdayallowed disciples of a spiritual guru to preserve his body in a freezer, as they believe he is in a deep state of meditation and will return to life.

Ashutosh Maharaj, founder of the multi-million dollar sect, Divya Jyoti Jagriti Sansthan (Divine Light Awakening Mission), apparently died of a cardiac arrest in January 2014.

But his followers insist he is in a deep spiritual state called samadhi and have controversially kept his body in a commercial freezer at his heavily guarded 100 acre ashram in the northern state of Punjab.

On Wednesday,the Punjab and Haryana High Court dismissed a three year old petition by Dalip Kumar Jha, who claims to be his son, and who wanted his father's body to cremate him as per Hindu rituals.

Mr Jha's lawyer, S P Soi told AFP that it was unclear whether or not the court approved the sect's argument that Mr Maharaj was alive.

"But they dismissed our petition which is disappointing and we will challenge it in the Supreme Court," said Soi.

The court while rejecting their plea set aside a 2014 judgement that had ordered his cremation after doctors confirmed him clinically dead.

His disciples had challenged the court's cremation order saying he had simply drifted into a deeper form of meditation, something he did often in sub-zero Himalayan temperatures.

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Indian guru's body preserved in freezer, as followers believe he will come back to life - Telegraph.co.uk

Astronauts aboard space station connect with children at Wallingford … – Meriden Record-Journal

WALLINGFORD Aarna Gupta waited patiently among 18 children for her chance to speak to two astronauts aboard the International Space Station.

The Wallingford Public Library hosted a live Skype downlink with NASA astronauts Jack Fischer and Peggy Whitson Thursday, and kids in grades K-5 got to ask them questions.

Gupta, 7, attends CREC Academy of Aerospace and Engineering Elementary School in Rocky Hill. She wanted to know what got them both interested in space to become an astronaut.

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Sunnie Scarpa, head of childrens services, said the event drew more than 200 people, most of whom sat on the floor of the Community Room.

Theres no way we could have fit enough people with chairs, she said. We had a lot of interest.

A live feed played in an adjoining room and in the Collaboratory. The downlink lasted 20 minutes as the ISS drifted over South Carolina toward the Atlantic Ocean.

Kids had submitted questions for the astronauts in the weeks leading up to the event.

The questions the kids came up with were really good ones, Scarpa said. They ask whats important to them.

Fischer and Whitson were energetic and engaging, demonstrating eating, bathing, exercising and even back flips.

What was going through your mind and what were you feeling when you were taking off? Hans-Peter Hansen, 11, asked.

I was just so excited, Fischer said from space. I had flown a lot of cool planes, but nothing with as much thrust as a rocket.

Fischer is a pilot and Air Force colonel.

Hansen said he chose his question because I wanted to know what it felt like to be an astronaut, so he could put himself in their shoes, or more aptly, their spacesuit.

Whats the most interesting thing youve seen and what does it mean to the world? asked Emily Rochniak, 8.

The most interesting thing about being in space, is actually just being in space, Whitson said. This laboratory provides a unique opportunity for scientists to do lots of different kinds of studies that they cant do on Earth.

My mom helped me think of it, Rochniak said of the question, adding she wanted to know what they saw when they looked out the window.

Taryn Casanova, 8, took her question in another direction.

Which questions do you wish people would ask more, and what are the answers to those questions? she asked.

It would be, why is the space station special, Fischer said. Fifteen countries came together to build this place. We have astronauts from all over the world on here.

I couldnt think of anything else, Casanova said of the question, so I decided to ask them what (are) the questions they want people to ask.

When Whitson answered Guptas question about what inspired them to become astronauts, she said the year she graduated high school was the first year NASA picked female astronauts.

That was what inspired me to believe that I could also become an astronaut, she said.

Whitsons answer left Gupta grinning, and with even more questions for her new role model.

One of the questions (I wanted to ask) was, why did they want a girl to do it,? Gupta said.

Whitson became the first female commander of the space station in 2007. In April, she broke the record for most consecutive days in space by a NASA astronaut.

Scarpa said the addition of Whitson to the event, which originally was going to be just with Fischer, was good for all the girls This is something they can aspire to.

LTakores@record-journal.com 203-317-2212 Twitter: @LCTakores

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Early birds can see space station for next five days – The San Diego … – The San Diego Union-Tribune

If youre an early riser, youll have an opportunity to watch the International Space Station fly over Southern California before dawn each of the next five days starting before dawn on Friday, NASA said.

Heres the viewing schedule for San Diego County:

Friday, July 7, 4:50 a.m.: ISS will be visibe for 4 minutes, initially appearing 23 degrees above the east-northeast horizon.

Saturday, July 8, 3:59 a.m.: ISS will be visible for 2 minutes, initially appearing 26 degrees above the northwest.

Sunday, July 3, 3:09 a.m.: ISS will be visible for about one minute, initially appearing 21 degrees above the north-northeast.

Monday, July 10, 3:51 a.m.: ISS will be visible for about 2 minutes, initially appearing 12 degrees above the northwest.

Tuesday, July 11, 3 a.m.: ISS will be visible for one minute, initially appearing 15 degrees above the north.

Twitter: @grobbins

gary.robbins@sduniontribune.com

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Early birds can see space station for next five days - The San Diego ... - The San Diego Union-Tribune

Photos: Spotting the International Space Station – Deseret News

Spenser Heaps, Deseret News

This composite of seven images taken in less than one second shows the International Space Station in silhouette against the sun as it passes above the Deseret News' office in Salt Lake City on Thursday, July 6, 2017.

This composite of seven images taken in less than one second shows the International Space Station in silhouette against the sun as it passes above the Deseret News' office in Salt Lake City on Thursday. According to NASA, the station is the largest human made object ever to orbit the Earth. It measures 357 feet end to end, which is almost the length of a football field including the end zones, and weighs almost a million pounds. The station serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory in which crew members conduct experiments in biology, human biology, physics, astronomy, meteorology and other fields. It completes 15.54 orbits per day. The station's first component was launched into low-Earth orbit in 1998, and it can often be seen with the naked eye. Several times a week, Mission Control at NASAs Johnson Space Center in Houston determines sighting opportunities for more than 6,700 locations worldwide. To look up viewing times log on to spotthestation.nasa.gov.

See the world through the eyes of award-winning photojournalists. Click through the gallery above to view the unique images our visual storytellers captured today. Don't forget to follow the official Deseret News Instagram account for more photographs and videos from the staff.

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Photos: Spotting the International Space Station - Deseret News

Pence Calls for Return to the Moon, Boots on Mars – Space.com

Vice President Mike Pence addresses NASA employees on Thursday, July 6, 2017, at the Vehicle Assembly Building at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. The Trump administration will seek a heavier emphasis on human-spaceflight efforts, including crewed missions to the moon and Mars, Vice President Mike Pence said today (July 6).

During a 25-minute speech at NASA's Kennedy Space Center (KSC) here on Florida's Space Coast, Pence told the 700-plus members of the crowd that the United States is "at the dawn of a new era of space exploration," and called for a return to the moon and "American boots on the face of Mars." He also said the United States will maintain a presence in low-Earth orbit.

Pence standing on a flag-draped podium in KSC's cavernous Vehicle Assembly Building offered no time frame or budget for the expeditions, but said partnerships with commercial companies are key. He repeatedly called for a "re-establishment" of American leadership in space and made no mention of ongoing or future international partnerships or collaborations, such as the International Space Station, a $100 billion project of 15 nations. [The First 100 Days: What Trump Has Done on Space So Far]

Pence chairs the newly revived National Space Council, which will advise the White House on space policy. The council will begin its work with an initial meeting before the end of the summer, the vice president said today.

Pence also stressed that President Donald Trump's initiatives in space will extend well beyond NASA, though the heart of the program will be human spaceflight and exploration.

"President Trump's vision for space is much larger than NASA alone," Pence said, adding that the National Space Council will coordinate policy among several federal agencies and interests, including the military and commercial sectors.

Echoing Trump's "America first" theme, Pence said Trump intended to carry nationalism into space with renewed emphasis on human space exploration and discovery "for the benefit of the American people and all of the world."

"America will lead in space once again," Pence said.

The United States already has the biggest budget for space exploration, according to a 2016 World Economic Forum report.

"From the first moon landing to the International Space Station, the U.S. government agency NASA has been leading space exploration since its creation in 1958," the report states.

Trump's budget request for the fiscal year that begins Oct. 1 drops the Obama Administration's plan to send astronauts to an asteroid as a steppingstone to Mars, but maintains the program's multibillion-dollar, heavy-lift Space Launch System rocket and deep-space Orion capsule. The Trump administration's budget request also continues previous program funding for NASA's commercial partnerships with SpaceX, Boeing and other companies.

Since the end of the shuttle program in 2011, the United States has been dependent on Russia to fly crews to and from the space station, which flies about 250 miles (400 kilometers) above Earth. NASA hopes to turn over crew ferry flights to SpaceX and Boeing before the end of 2018.

Editor's Note:Space.com senior producerSteve Spaletacontributed to this report.

Irene Klotz can be reached on Twitter at @free_space. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebookor Google+. Originally published onSpace.com.

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Pence Calls for Return to the Moon, Boots on Mars - Space.com

How a Film From the 1960s Imagined Space Stations and Moon Bases – Popular Mechanics

Humans have been dreaming of long-term spaceflight for decades decades. While there's always been a curiosity in traveling to the stars, the Space Race of the 1960's kickstarted a desire to make concrete steps towards a future in space. An educational video from the period, dug up by by archival footage YouTube channel WDTVLIVE42, shows the first attempts to rein in sci-fi and up the science.

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While Uncle Bill probably doesn't get everything right, the basic principles he lists are sound. Interestingly enough, his vision for the future is not terribly dissimilar from Elon Musk's. When laying out his vision for space travel last year (recently published in an academic journal), Musk discusses an idea very similar to the way stations highlighted in the instructional video. Ideally, Musk wants a rocket that "would take tankers of rocket fuel into space, where the spaceships that would take people to Mars would be waiting in orbit."

While it's simplified a bitMusk doesn't seem to imagine much of a station in orbitthe principal is the same. By making a pitstop after clearing orbit, rockets will be able to get the strength to carry on into the great unknown. It's as much a dream today as it was when the instructional video was released, but Musk wants to make it happen with a decade. Maybe these dreams really will come true.

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How a Film From the 1960s Imagined Space Stations and Moon Bases - Popular Mechanics

Pence says NASA to reorient towards human spaceflight – SpaceNews

Vice President Mike Pence, speaking at the Kennedy Space Center, said the U.S. space program would refocus on human spaceflight. Credit: NASA TV

WASHINGTON Vice President Mike Pence said July 6 that the U.S. space program would refocus on human spaceflight, including missions to the moon and Mars, but offered few other details about what such a shift would entail.

Pence, in a speech at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida, said a reconstituted National Space Council, set to hold its first meeting by the end of this summer, would help reestablish American leadership in space that he claimed has been lacking for the last quarter-century.

Under the leadership of President Donald Trump and with the guidance of the National Space Council, the United States of America will usher in a new era of space leadership that will benefit every facet of our national life, he said.

The council, last active at the end of the administration of President George H.W. Bush in 1993, will be reestablished under an executive order signed by Trump June 30. The council will be similar in format to its previous iteration, chaired by the vice president with a membership that includes the heads of a number of cabinet-level and other agencies.

The White House has not released other details about the council, including who will serve as executive secretary, its day-to-day leader, but Pence said the council will be ready to start work later this summer. I look forward to holding the first meeting of the National Space Council before the summer is out, he said.

Once in operation, the council will review current space policies and long-term goals for national space activities, he said, providing advice to the president on those and related issues. Pence did not state how long he expected any initial review of current space policies, or the development of a new national space policy, to take.

Pence, speaking in the Vehicle Assembly Building where space shuttles and Saturn 5 rockets were prepared for flight, said the administration would provide a renewed emphasis on human spaceflight, including human missions to the moon and Mars.

Under President Donald Trumps leadership, we will reorient Americas space program towards human space exploration and discovery for the benefit of the American people and all of the world, he said. We will return our nation to the moon, we will go to Mars and we will still go further, to places that our childrens children can only imagine.

That new focus on human spaceflight, he argued, was key to restoring U.S. leadership in space that he suggested was lacking today. Under President Donald Trump, America will lead in space once again, he said, one of several such statements in his speech.

Pence offered no details about how such a reorientation would be carried out, nor any schedules for human missions to the moon or Mars. Pence did not even specifically state that NASA would send humans back to the surface of the moon, although did say that we will put American boots on the face of Mars.

Other than reestablishing the National Space Council and signing a NASA authorization bill in March, the administrations actions to date have not matched that rhetoric. The White House has yet to nominate a NASA administrator or deputy administrator, nor given a clear indication of when such a nomination might be made.

While NASA received more than $19.6 billion in the final fiscal year 2017 spending bill passed by Congress in early May, the administrations fiscal year 2018 budget request offers just under $19.1 billion for NASA. That includes more than $350 million in cuts in the agencys flagship human space exploration programs, the Space Launch System and Orion spacecraft.

Those cuts have received criticism from supporters of those programs in Congress. The current administration picks up where the previous administration left off, by projecting a lofty vision for space while providing a budget that keeps the vision from leaving Earth, said Sen. Richard Shelby (R-Ala.), chairman of the Senate appropriations subcommittee that funds NASA, at a June 29 hearing about the NASA budget proposal.

A House spending bill, approved by an appropriations subcommittee June 29, would increase NASAs budget to nearly $19.9 billion in 2018, including restoring funding for SLS and Orion to 2017 levels.

We made sure the Space Launch System is fully funded, and that astronauts will have the ability to go beyond low Earth orbit in the Orion crew vehicle, said Rep. John Culberson (R-Texas), chairman of that appropriations subcommittee, during the markup of the bill.

Pence, in his remarks at KSC, emphasized the importance of the private sector in ensuring American leadership in space. The backdrop to his speech included a flown SpaceX Dragon capsule and a mockup of a Boeing CST-100 Starliner commercial crew vehicle, as well as the Orion capsule that flew on a brief December 2014 test flight.

Im particularly excited to see the increased collaboration with our burgeoning commercial space industry, so much in evidence here, he said. Were going to continue to foster stronger partnerships between government agencies and innovative industries across this country.

He also alluded in his remarks to the SpaceX Falcon 9 launch from nearby Launch Complex 39A that took place on the evening of July 5. I was praying for rain at the Kennedy Space Center so we might see that rocket go up today, he said.

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Pence says NASA to reorient towards human spaceflight - SpaceNews

Satellite ride-share: Spaceflight Industries prepares for outer space revolution (Video) – Puget Sound Business Journal (Seattle)

Satellite ride-share: Spaceflight Industries prepares for outer space revolution (Video)
Puget Sound Business Journal (Seattle)
6 photos. Jason Andrews, CEO, founder and president of Spaceflight Industries, is a PSBJ innovator more. It's like an Uber service for satellites. Spaceflight Industries has drastically reduced the cost of accessing outer space through this ride ...

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Satellite ride-share: Spaceflight Industries prepares for outer space revolution (Video) - Puget Sound Business Journal (Seattle)

NASA scientists designing Martian dust filter – SpaceFlight Insider

Collin Skocik

July 7th, 2017

Martian dust is one of the problems that astronauts will have to deal with on Mars. Photo Credit: NASA

One of the challenges that astronauts will face on Mars is the presence of the fine Martian dust. Not only can the dust get into equipment and cause damage, but also it is extremely toxic with perchlorates.

However, scientists at NASAs Kennedy Space Center (KSC) are working on this problem. Dr. Carlos Calle, lead scientist at the Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory, and physicist Jay Phillips are developing an electrostatic precipitator which will filter out the dust and enable the Martian air to be used for in-situ resource utilization (ISRU).

Unlike the Apollo Moon landing missions, which took with them everything that would be needed for the duration of the missions, Mars astronauts will, to a certain extent, have to live off the land. Mars, despite its stark, airless, radioactive surface, is rich in materials useful to future Mars explorations.

Commodities such as oxygen water and methane can be obtained from the carbon dioxide-rich Martian atmosphere, Calle said. Astronauts will need these essentials as they practice in-situ resource utilization.

Electrostatic precipitators already exist and are used in other industries, chiefly filtering particles out of the plumes from power plants. As the gas passes through the precipitator, high-voltage electrodes impart an electrostatic charge on the dust particles in the gas. Once the particles are charged, they migrate to an electrode with an opposite charge.

LEFT IMAGE: Dr. Carlos Calle, lead scientist in the Kennedy Space Centers Electrostatics and Surface Physics Laboratory (left) and Jay Phillips, a research physicist, are modifying an electrostatic precipitator. On Mars, the device would allow astronauts to extract useful elements such as oxygen, water, and methane. RIGHT IMAGE: In their Swamp Works laboratory at NASAs Kennedy Space Center, Dr. Carlos Calle and Jay Phillips are testing an electrostatic precipitator using dust that closely approximates the make-up of that on Mars. They upgraded their electrostatic precipitator to fully simulate Martian atmosphere by designing and constructing a dust aerosolization pre-chamber. Photos & Caption Credits: Kim Shiflett / NASA

Calle and Phillips would like to adapt this existing technology for use on Mars, but they note that it will need to be greatly adapted for a very different environment.

Electrostatic precipitators will remove dust from the atmospheric gas intakes on the Martian ISRU processing plants, Philips said. Dust can damage equipment and must be separated from the atmosphere prior to producing the consumables astronauts will require for life support and fuel on Mars.

In order to maximize the efficiency of the crewed Mars spacecraft, much of the equipment for the Mars mission will be sent ahead to the landing site before the crew arrives.

The plan is to send an electrostatic precipitator and other equipment to a landing site to prepare for the arrival of the crew, Phillips said.

Calle and Phillips have designed a dust aerosolization pre-chamber, which converts dust particles into much finer particles, closer to the conditions on Mars. Particles so small and light are suspended in the air much like an aerosol.

The challenge on Mars is the much lower atmospheric pressure there compared to the atmospheric pressure on Earth, Calle said.

The atmosphere on Mars is only 0.6 percent the atmospheric pressure at sea level on Earth, and the composition of the atmosphere is primarily carbon dioxide.

By duplicating conditions on Mars, Calle and Phillips hope to design an electrostatic precipitator that will be able to effectively remove dust from the environment on Mars.

Tagged: Journey to Mars Mars Martian atmosphere NASA The Range

Collin R. Skocik has been captivated by space flight since the maiden flight of space shuttle Columbia in April of 1981. He frequently attends events hosted by the Astronaut Scholarship Foundation, and has met many astronauts in his experiences at Kennedy Space Center. He is a prolific author of science fiction as well as science and space-related articles. In addition to the Voyage Into the Unknown series, he has also written the short story collection The Future Lives!, the science fiction novel Dreams of the Stars, and the disaster novel The Sunburst Fire. His first print sale was Asteroid Eternia in Encounters magazine. When he is not writing, he provides closed-captioning for the hearing impaired. He lives in Atlantic Beach, Florida.

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USU student gets prestigious NASA fellowship – The Herald Journal

As far back as she can remember, Utah State University student Ivana Molina has always been curious and loved science.

It was not until her college years, studying in America after growing up in her native Argentina, that she got the bug to study science specifically, heliophysics, the study of the effects of the sun on the solar system.

I think it is fascinating and it presents us with difficult and challenging problems to solve, Molina wrote in an email.

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These days, Molina, 29, is studying for her Ph.D., and now she has the chance to research heliophysics with a NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship supporting her. According to information provided by USU, Molina was one of only nine students nationwide to receive this opportunity.

I was surprised because I know its very competitive, Molina said, laughing. It was super exciting to find out.

According to NASAs website, the agencys Earth and space science three-year fellowship is tailored toward graduate students, supporting basic and applied research in Earth and space science.

The fellowship provides Molina with up to $45,000 per year to cover tuition, fees, student expenses and travel, according to USU.

As a NASA fellow, Molina will study geomagnetic storms from the sun and its effect on the Earths upper atmosphere, where many satellites and the International Space Station reside.

Much research has been done already by universities throughout the world on the suns rays and how it can impact the Earths upper atmosphere.

But Molina said such studies still fall short in reliably specifying the storm response in the thermosphere.

For my study I will use a novel technique to model the thermospheric winds similar to what people do for the weather forecast on the ground, she said. We hope that we will gain a reliable global perspective of the dramatic changes that occur in the upper atmosphere during solar storms.

Molina heard about the NASA fellowship through other graduate students and thought it would be the right opportunity for her.

In academia, its good to get fellowships. Its the way you build up your career, she said.

Ludger Scherliess, USU professor of physics and Molinas adviser, called the NASA fellowship prestigious and extremely competitive.

She felt pretty strongly about what she wanted to do, she wrote the entire proposal herself, he said. To go from A to Z, through that entire process, was an invaluable learning experience.

Scherliess called Molina thorough, smart and an excellent worker.

If you tell her something, she doesnt just take it she goes back and does her homework, he said.

Those traits served Molina well, Scherliess said, when she applied for the same NASA fellowship last year and did not make the cut. But after reviewing feedback from NASA on her proposal, Molina applied again this year and earned the fellowship.

That was a good learning experience for her, he said. You take criticism and you learn from it. Your work becomes better. Thats how it should be, thats how we write papers.

Scherliess said the three-year fellowship will be very positive for Molina and may give her the edge over other candidates for a job once she graduates with a Ph.D.

Molina first came to do research in the United States as a college student in Rochester, New York, with support from the National Science Foundation.

I felt like it made me realize I could stay in the U.S. and study, she said. Because this is a whole change. I come from a super different culture. You have to adapt. I realized I could do it if I wanted to.

But it was at a conference in Argentina when she first heard about USU just that its world-renowned institution for this type of research, and I wanted to research the upper atmosphere, Molina said.

Looking back on her decision to come to Utah, Molina has no regrets.

I really like the United States and Utah in particular, she said. I come from a city. Being here, you have the mountains and everything. Its just beautiful.

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USU student gets prestigious NASA fellowship - The Herald Journal

NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office: How They Detect Asteroids Early – Space.com

Originally designed to survey the night sky in infrared, the Near Earth Object Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, or NEOWISE, hunts for asteroids and comets that might pose a danger to Earth.

On Asteroid Day, scientists joined NASA's Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) to discuss the different strategies for preventing a catastrophic asteroid impact.

NASA hosted the special live-stream broadcast on June 30 from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. The speakers emphasized early asteroid detection as a key area of focus in planetary defense to ensure Earth's safety from an asteroid impact.

For the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), it is essential that the planetary defense office find threats early, PDCO's Lindley Johnson said during the broadcast. Once planetary defense officers determine the size and mass of an asteroid, they can decide which devices to use to deflect it, in the event it is on a crash course for the planet. If it's heading for U.S. soil on short notice, FEMA would coordinate natural disaster preparations, according to Johnson. [Defenders of Planet Earth: Asteroid Hunters Scour Night Skies for Threats (Video)]

Comet C/2013 UQ4 Catalina first looked like an asteroid when NASA's NEOWISE team first observed it on December 31 2013.

"In any given night, the [International Astronomical Union's] Minor Planet Center receives something like 100,000 individual observations of asteroids," astrophysicist Matthew Holman said during the broadcast. Roughly 90 percent of those asteroids have already been seen in the sky, and their orbits have been precisely calculated. That means, Holman said, observers can "focus our attention on the remaining 10 percent and try to determine if those are potentially hazardous near-Earth objects or garden-variety main belt asteroids."

To put it into a reassuring perspective, the distance from Earth to the Main Asteroid Belt is more than two and a half times the distance between Earth and the sun.

To then determine if any new asteroids have orbits that would lead to impact with Earth, each asteroid's movement is compared to the constant of the background stars. Through the visual phenomena of parallax, something that's close-by appears to move faster than something that's located much farther away, even when they're moving at the same speed. The rate of motion of the asteroid is therefore used as a proxy for distance.

In the broadcast, Marina Brozovic of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory shared that radar is another great tool for asteroid detection. "Radar is a little bit like a Swiss army knife," she said. "It reveals so much about asteroids all at once."

Details like size, shape and whether an asteroid is a binary system in which a smaller object orbits the larger asteroid can be determined with radar technology, whereas optical detection is less accurate in measuring that kind of information.

An artist's rendition of 2016 WF9 as it travels toward the sun and passes Jupiter's orbit.

But should an asteroid approach Earth for what would be a doomsday scenario, the PDCO has a course of action outlined to address the danger. Johnson cited two technologies the agency could use to avoid disaster: a kinetic impactor, which is a high-speed spacecraft that would run into an asteroid to nudge it from Earth's path, and a gravity tractor, a spacecraft that flies long-term alongside an asteroid and ultimately uses its own gravity to pull the asteroid off from Earth's path.

That said, telescopes are still key to documenting the numerous asteroids that pass by the Earth within relative proximity, the researchers said. One potential surprise is that NASA makes use of freelance and amateur astronomers to watch for near-Earth objects in the night sky. Bob Holmes, for instance, appeared in the broadcast and owns not one, but four of some of the largest privately owned telescopes in the world and he keeps them trained on the skies to identify new asteroids.

During the broadcast, several people on social media shared their concerns that an impending impact would be withheld from the public. Dr. Kelly Fast of NASA's Solar System Observations program commented that there are websites where near-Earth object observations are available and constantly updated. Anyone with an internet connection can view these sites, Fast said.

Kelly Fast, a scientist in NASA's Near Earth Object program, was a regular speaker in Asteroid Day's live broadcast. She was brought in several times to speak during the segment and answered social media questions about how NASA would communicate with the general public should an impact be imminent.

The special broadcast on Asteroid Day also offered some interesting anecdotes. Dr. Eileen Ryan of the Magdalena Ridge Observatory in New Mexico spoke about an asteroid that once passed through Earth's geosynchronous satellite zone, the highest orbit for satellites, and flew by one of NASA's communications satellites.

An asteroid is normally named based on the year and the two-week period when the space rock was discovered, the researchers said. In special instances, however, asteroids and minor planets can be given a human name in honor of someone. Asteroid 316201 Malala, for example, was named after Malala Yousafzai, the Nobel Peace Prize recipient of 2014 because, said JPL's Amy Mainzer, "She's awesome! She needs an asteroid."

Follow Doris Elin Salazar on Twitter @salazar_elin.Follow us@Spacedotcom,FacebookandGoogle+. Original article onSpace.com.

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Freight Farms Builds Farms in Shipping Containers, and NASA Wants to Launch Them to Space – Popular Mechanics

Freight Farms' largest customer on this planet, however, is Brooklyn-based Square Roots Grow, founded by Kimbal Musk and Tobias Peggs. Square Roots operates a whole parking lot full of LGM units for local growers and entrepreneurs. Because the containers are self-contained, they can program the simulated daytime hours inside the farms to run at night when energy costs are lower. It's a sustainable system that has legs.

"My hope is that we are in every metro area in America as fast as we can get there," Musk told Popular Mechanics in an email.

The inside of a Leafy Green Machine.

Freight Farms

Beyond fresh greens, Freight Farm founders Jon Friedman and Brad McNamara say that it's also popular to grow radishes, edible flowers, peppers, tomatoes, and pumpkins. What's more, given the closed-loop system of a LGM, it can sustain the crops on just 10 gallons of water a day. The efficiencies of Leafy Green Machines are an astonishing 90 percent improvement over traditional farming, according to the USDA.

Maintaining a single LGM takes roughly 20 hours per week. That's only 10 hours per acre, per week. To sustain the plants, columns of hanging LED strips with blue and red diodes in the grow lights require an average of between 90 and 110 kWh per dayabout the equivalent of 3 average U.S. households. Many LGMs are outfitted with solar panels as well to minimize the required energy input.

Freight Farms' LGMs are currently operating across America, Canada, Europe, and Japan. Atlantic island nations are among the first in the developing world do adopt the technology in an effort to become more food-independent. These areas are heavily reliant on imports, and even though they have tropical climates, food production is difficult. The result is high prices and low variety from imported produce. Pilot projects are currently sprouting up throughout the Middle East and Africa as well. And yes, the units can be shipped out on trucks, freighters, and railroads, traveling anywhere you can send an intermodal containerso basically anywhere in the world.

And it's not just restaurants or remote islands that have opted for the Leafy Green Machine. Institutions around America are harnessing the power of these units not only for food but also for educational purposes. Corporate campuses like Google were eager early adopters. Schools including the University of Michigan and UMass Dartmouth are using the LGMs as part of their curriculum to teach students about sustainable agriculture.

The benefit of distributed small farms is that they're vastly more sustainable than larger options in terms of conserving land and minimizing transport. Between production and shipping, the global food system accounts for about one-third of all human-induced greenhouse gas emissions. It also helps that the local produce passes through fewer hands, which means more affordable food. "The most exciting thing about Square Roots and urban farming is getting back to knowing our farmer and trusting our food again," says Musk.

With Leafy Green Machines spreading across the world, it might not be too long until NASA builds the very first variantthe Leafy Red Machine, perhaps?and launches it to Mars.

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Freight Farms Builds Farms in Shipping Containers, and NASA Wants to Launch Them to Space - Popular Mechanics

A NASA Funded Project Wants to Use Plasma Rockets to Get to Mars – Futurism

In Brief A company headed by one of the most decorated astronauts in history has proposed using nuclear-heated plasma to reach Mars. While it has been funded by NASA, is the idea viable? Elon Musk doesn't think so Plasma Propelled Rockets

Ad Astra Rocket Company thinks that a plasma engine could hypothetically get us to the Red Planet in 38 days, by traveling at a speed of 115,200 mph contrary to the mainstream idea that massive rockets are the only way. NASA has supported the companys plan by investing nine million dollars.

Franklin R. Chang Daz, the CEO of Ad Astra and the man who co-holds the record for most visits to the International Space Station, plans to use plasma because it can be held in place magnetically, which means that more power can be produced because there is nothing for the fuel to melt. However, when in space, heating fuel to this temperature would require a nuclear power source which is where this concept gets controversial.

Elon Musk, in particular, is critical of this plan on two fronts. First, attaching the weight of a nuclear reactor to a spacecraft, he thinks, is unfeasible. Secondly, he believes that using nuclear fuel on a spacecraft is dangerous because radioactive debris would fall back to Earth if the system failed.

Recently,Stephen Hawking added his voice to the choir of intellectuals and industry leaders proclaiming that humanity must become an interplanetary species. But with our ambition established, the question now becomes how to make it happen.

All other serious ideas of how to get to Mars propose using a chemical space rocket engine. NASA and SpaceX have both revealed plans that use enormous rockets which carry astronauts and all of their provisions including water, air, food, and machinery.

At the more theoretical end of the spectrum are plans to use technology that, previously, has been reserved for the realms of science fiction. Phillip Lubin has proposed using photon propulsion which, hypothetically, could get us to Mars in just three days.

The race for the red planet is well and truly on, and the winner of this 21st-century space race will be decided in the intellectual theater long before human boots touch Mars dusty surface. However, according to most estimates, we will only need to wait around a decade to find out.

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A NASA Funded Project Wants to Use Plasma Rockets to Get to Mars - Futurism

RED’s impending smartphone will assault your senses with nanotechnology for $1600 – imaging resource

by Jaron Schneider

posted Thursday, July 6, 2017 at 1:40 PM EDT

RED, the company known for making some truly outstanding high-end cinema cameras, is set to release a smartphone in Q1 of 2018 called the HYDROGEN ONE. RED says that it is a standalone, unlocked and fully-featured smarphone "operating on Android OS that just happens to add a few additional features that shatter the mold of conventional thinking." Yes, you read that right. This phone will blow your mind, or something - and it will even make phone calls.

In a press release riddled with buzzwords broken up by linking verbs, RED praises their yet-to-be smartphone with some serious adjectives. If we were just shown this press release outside of living on RED's actual server, we would swear it was satire. Here are a smattering of phrases found in the release. We can't make this up:

Those are snippets from just the first three sections, of which there are nine. I get hyping a product, but this reads like a catalog seen in the background of a science-fiction comedy, meant to sound ridiculous - especially in the context of a ficticious universe.

Except that this is real life.

After spending a few minutes removing all the glitter words from this release, it looks like it will be a phone using a display similar to what you get with the Nintendo 3DS, or what The Verge points out as perhaps better than the flopped Amazon Fire Phone. Essentially, you should be able to use the phone and see 3D content without 3D glasses . Nintendo has already proven that can work, however it can really tire out your eyes. As an owner of three different Nintendo 3DS consoles, I can say that I rarely use the 3D feature because of how it makes my eyes hurt. It's an odd sensation. It is probalby why Nintendo has released a new handheld that has the same power as the 3DS, but dropping the 3D feature altogether.

Anyway, back to the HYDROGEN ONE, RED says that it will work in tandem with their cameras as a user interface and monitor. It will also display what RED is calling "holographic content," which isn't well-described by RED in this release. We can assume it is some sort of mixed-dimensional view that makes certain parts of a video or image stand out over the others.

There are two models of the phone, which run at different prices. The Aluminum model will cost $1,195, but anyone worth their salt is going to go for the $1,595 Titanium version. Gotta shed that extra weight, you know?

Strangely, the press release moves away from the impersonal format and adds a a direct voice. The release states explicitly that, "I can also assure you that after this initial release, we will NOT be able to fill all orders on time due to display production limitations. We will NOT guarantee these prices at the time of release. Taxes and shipping not included in the price." So like, better buy it now I guess.

The image of the phone is not final, as RED also states that the design may change, and that "specs and delivery dates can also change anytime for any reason." Luckily, should you choose to put money down on this completely unproven and unseen product, "payments are fully refundable for any reason prior to shipping."

Yes, I'm being hard on this product. I am not taking it seriously. Why? Because the release is totally ridiculous. The amount of marketing alphabet soup being thrown into this makes a prime target for my sarcasm gland, and certainly hard to take with any semblance of seriousness. Tech products, especially phones, fail all the time; even ones from well-known companies. Trusting a high-end professional camera company to make an expensive consumer device is already something to inspire a healthy amount of skepticism, but when it's compounded with hype-heavy adjectives and made-up words, I am just put even further on the "wait and see" side of these tracks.

But if RED can produce, I'll be happy to eat my own words and have my"SENSES" "ASSAULTED" by a $1,600 titanium phone powered by "nanotechnology."

Via The Verge

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RED's impending smartphone will assault your senses with nanotechnology for $1600 - imaging resource

Nanotechnology, Smart Textiles & Wearables – PR Newswire – PR Newswire (press release)

LONDON, July 6, 2017 /PRNewswire/ -- Key findings in the report include - Opportunities in smart textiles will overtake those in apparel within six years

Download the full report: https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/4736143/

- Compound annual growth rates range from 14% in to 167% depending on the application - The value of nanomaterials used by the global textile industry will rise sharply from several hundred million dollars currently driven by the additional functionality demanded by smart textiles and wearables

Cientifica have been monitoring nanotechnology and smart textiles for over a decade and the report ranges from the latest advances in wearables to the use of nanofibers in dust and water filtration.

Nanotechnology, Smart Textiles & Wearables is the most up to date and comprehensive look at the sector and its 207 pages discuss over 250 companies active in the space.

Key Sections include: Smart Textiles, Wearable Technologies and the 4th Industrial Revolution; looking at how textiles and computing are converging and the factors driving this.

Markets; analyzing the global market for nanotechnology and smart textiles by application area. This section looks at apparel, home textiles, medical textiles, military textiles, technical textiles and textile based wearables. It also provides figures for the nanomaterials inputs (materials, coatings, inks, masterbatches etc.) required for each application.

Nanotechnology and Graphene In Textiles; examining why these materials are being used in textiles and what advantages they confer.

Applications; giving detailed description of current and proposed applications of nanotechnology by sector and covers Clothing and Apparel, Sports and Wellbeing , Energy Storage and Generation , Energy Harvesting , Fashion, Entertainment, Personal Protection, Military Textiles., Home Textiles, Medical Textile and Technical textiles.

Download the full report: https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/4736143/

About Reportbuyer Reportbuyer is a leading industry intelligence solution that provides all market research reports from top publishers http://www.reportbuyer.com

For more information: Sarah Smith Research Advisor at Reportbuyer.com Email: query@reportbuyer.com Tel: +44 208 816 85 48 Website: http://www.reportbuyer.com

To view the original version on PR Newswire, visit:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/nanotechnology-smart-textiles--wearables-300484257.html

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Nanotechnology, Smart Textiles & Wearables - PR Newswire - PR Newswire (press release)

Self-replicating Nanobots could DESTROY all life on Earth, warn experts – Express.co.uk

GETTY

Nanobots, which are theoretical tiny robots a single nanometre wide one billionth of a metre are currently being worked on and in the future may dominate the planet if they get out of control.

They can be used for several purposes but boffins hope to use them mainly for in-body procedures, such as replacing cells in the body for fighting things such as cancer.

Such would be the technology that the nanobots would be able to act as if they are cells and self-replicate, most likely through protein folding, where they can split and create another version of themselves.

Louis A Del Monte, physicist and author of the book Nanoweapons, wrote in an article for the Huffington Post: You can think of them as the technological equivalent of bacteria and viruses.

GETTY

The minuscule bots are expected to arrive in the 2050s, according to Dr Del Monte, following the rise of artificial intelligence, which will help to create the revolutionary bots.

While experts are developing nanobots for the good, there are fear this could quickly get out of control.

Eric Drexler, an engineer who is considered one of the pioneers of nanotechnology, warned in his book Engines of Creation way back in 1986: Imagine such a replicator floating in a bottle of chemicals, making copies of itselfthe first replicator assembles a copy in one thousand seconds, the two replicators then build two more in the next thousand seconds, the four build another four, and the eight build another eight.

GETTY

At the end of 10 hours, there are not thirty-six new replicators, but over 68 billion.

In less than a day, they would weigh a ton; in less than two days, they would outweigh the Earth; in another four hours, they would exceed the mass of the Sun and all the planets combinedif the bottle of chemicals hadn't run dry long before.

He goes on to warn that they could begin destroying and replacing all biological life on Earth leading to the end of humanity in what is known as The Grey Goo Scenario.

GETTY

Mr Drexler: Early assembler-based replicators could beat the most advanced modern organisms. 'Plants' with 'leaves' no more efficient than today's solar cells could out-compete real plants, crowding the biosphere with an inedible foliage.

Tough, omnivorous 'bacteria' could out-compete real bacteria: they could spread like blowing pollen, replicate swiftly, and reduce the biosphere to dust in a matter of days.

Dangerous replicators could easily be too tough, small, and rapidly spreading to stopat least if we made no preparation.

We have trouble enough controlling viruses and fruit flies.

Chris Phoenix, Director of Research of the Center for Responsible Nanotechnology (CRN) however says that there are other things to worry about with nanotechnology.

Asus

1 of 9

Asus Zenbo: This adorable little bot can move around and assist you at home, express emotions, and learn and adapt to your preferences with proactive artificial intelligence.

He wrote in a paper titled Safe Exponential Manufacturing along with Mr Drexler, who has tried to distance himself from the grey goo scenario a term he coined: Runaway replication would only be the product of a deliberate and difficult engineering process, not an accident.

Far more serious, however, is the possibility that a large-scale and convenient manufacturing capacity could be used to make powerful non-replicating weapons in unprecedented quantity, leading to an arms race or war.

Policy investigation into the effects of molecular nanotechnology should consider deliberate abuse as a primary concern, and runaway replication as a more distant issue.

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Self-replicating Nanobots could DESTROY all life on Earth, warn experts - Express.co.uk

Here is how Nvidia can sidestep Moore’s Law in GPU design – PC Gamer

Nvidia is fast approaching a technical wall in GPU design where it will no longer be able to shove more transistors into a GPU die to increase performance at the same rate customers have grown accustomed to. Simply put, as Moore's Law slows down, the number of transistors per die no longer grows at historical rates, Nvidia notes. The solution to this problem could lie in switching to a multi-chip module GPU design.

Researchers from Nvidia, Arizona State University, the University of Texas, and the Barcelona Supercomputing Center have published a paper outlining the benefits of multi-chip module GPUs. It is a design that is working for AMD with its Ryzen CPUs, and likewise Nvidia believes it could benefit GPUs as well.

"Specifically, we propose partitioning GPUs into easily manufacturable basic GPU Modules (GPMs), and integrating them on package using high bandwidth and power efficient signaling technologies," Nvidia says.

Without either switching to a multi-chip module design or coming up with an alternative solution, Nvidia warns that the performance curve of single monolithic GPUs as currently constructed will ultimately plateau. Beyond the technical challenge of cramming more transistors into smaller spaces, there is also the cost to consider, both in terms of technical research and reduced die yields.

Whether or not an MCM design is ultimately the answer, Nvidia thinks it is at least worth exploring. One thing that Nvidia mentions in its paper is that it's difficult to scale GPU workloads on multi-GPU systems, even if they scale well on a single GPU.

"This is due to to multiple unsolved challenges related to work partitioning, load balancing, and data sharing across the slow on-board interconnection network. However, due to recent advances in packaging and signaling technologies, package-level integration provides a promising integration tier that lies between the existing on-chip and on-board integration technologies," Nvidia says.

What Nvidia proposes is connecting multiple GPU modules using advanced, high-speed input/output protocols to efficiently communicate with each other. This would allow for less complex (and presumably cheaper) GPU modules compared to a monolithic design. It is a sort of strength in numbers approach.

Nvidia's team of researchers used an in-house simulator to evaluate their designs. What they did was build two virtual GPUs, each with 256 streaming multiprocessors (SMs). One was based on the current monolithic design and the other used an MCM design.

The simulator showed the MCM design performed within 10 percent of monolithic GPU. It also showed that the MCM design would be nearly 27 percent faster than an SLI setup with similar specs. And when optimized, the MCM design can achieve a 45.5 percent speedup compared to the largest implementable monolithic GPU, which would have 128 SMs.

Much of this is hypothetical, not just in the simulation but also the examples used. A 256 SM chip just isn't possible at the momentNvidia labels it as "unbuildable." To put that into perspective, Nvidia's GeForce GTX 1080 Ti sports 28 SMs.

It remains to be seen what Nvidia will do for the next couple of generations, though a move to MCM GPUs seems almost inevitable. The question is, which company will get there first? It is believed that AMD's Navi GPU architecture off in the distance could utilize an MCM GPU design as well, especially now that AMD has the tech in place with Zen (Ryzen, Threadripper, Naples, Epyc).

For now, you can dive into Nvidia's white paper (PDF) for all of the gritty details.

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Here is how Nvidia can sidestep Moore's Law in GPU design - PC Gamer

Moore’s Law end shakes industry – EE Times Asia – Eetasia.com (press release)

At the 50th anniversary of the Alan Turing award, panellists revealed that the expected death of Moore's Law would change the semiconductor and computer industries.

A basket of silicon, systems and software technologies will continue progress, but not at the same pace, they said. With no clear replacement for CMOS scaling, semiconductor and systems industries may be reshaped into vertical silos, they added.

Moores Law said transistor density doubles every 18 months, something we maintained for 25 years, but it began slowing down to every two to three years around 2000-2005, and more recently were seeing doubling about every four years, so we're reaching the end of semiconductor technology as we know it, said John Hennessy, former president of Stanford University and author of a key text book on microprocessors.

Figure 1: Hennessy: We're reaching the end of semiconductor technology as we know it.

Dennard scaling, a related observation that energy requirements scale as silicon shrinks, already has been non-operational for 1015 years, creating an era of dark silicon where we quickly turned to multicore processors, Hennessy added.

Moores Law is really an observation about economics, not a law of physics. The question is whether we can find another aspect of physics that has a return on investment like CMOS, said Margaret Martonosi, a systems specialist at Princeton.

Insofar as Moores Law is about a rate [of density scaling], it is dead because I think we are at the end of a predictable rate and in a few generation well hit the limits of physics, said Doug Burger, a distinguished engineer working on FPGA accelerators at Microsofts Azure cloud service.

Figure 2: Margaret Martonosi wrote two textbooks on power-aware computers.

Moores Law gave us a free ride and thats just about over so we are entering a wild, messy time and it sounds like a lot of fun, Burger said.

I think we still have a few more years of CMOS scaling, said Norm Jouppi, a veteran microprocessor designer and lead of the team behind Googles TPU accelerator. Some apps will continue to see performance speed ups for the next decade but for others they will come more slowly, he said.

Jouppi quipped that the industry is in denial about Moore's Law, like the vendor in the Monty Python dead-parrot sketch, who insists a bird is not dead, its just resting. Next: Goodbye DRAMS, hello franken-systems

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Moore's Law end shakes industry - EE Times Asia - Eetasia.com (press release)