4 of the best beaches in Myanmar – CNN

(CNN) Two thousand kilometers of coastline -- much of it long stretches of white sand -- put Myanmar in the running to be Asia's next super-popular beach destination.

Many of Myanmar's beaches are unspoiled and undiscovered, reminiscent of Thailand's beaches 20 years ago. he best ones are along the shores of the Bay of Bengal and the Andaman Sea. These beaches face west, virtually guaranteeing great sunsets.

Briton Stephen Barker first visited Myanmar in 1995 and has made more than 10 trips since, usually staying several months at a time.

"Given that accommodation is so expensive these days, I think we'll see more people camping on the beach, it could really take off," says Barker, who has made it his mission to explore all the country's beaches.

Here are four of the best Myanmar beaches to visit:

Ngapali -- a long stretch of pristine white sand.

This is a dream beach with seven kilometers of white sand fringed with palm trees. The turquoise sea is crystal clear. Several daily flights from Yangon -- a 45-minute flight -- help make this by far the most popular beach in Myanmar.

Once word gets out, Myanmar's sunsets -- like this beauty in Ngapali -- will be legendary.

The route by road through the Rakhine Yoma Mountain range has been off limits recently because of trouble in the state. As it's somewhat remote, this is a place to come for a few days and sink into beach mode. Accommodation options range from small beach huts to villas and there are plenty of restaurants serving fresh seafood.

The beach is named after the Italian city of Naples -- a homesick Italian bestowed the name, so the story goes.

The tourist industry is well developed and there's plenty to do from sea sports -- snorkeling, scuba diving, kayaking -- to cycling and golf.

"This is definitely not the place for backpackers," says Barker. "You have to fly in and out and that can make it expensive. Ten years ago prices ranged from $2 to $400. and these days it's very resorty."

Ngwe Saung -- seriously laid back.

South of Ngapali and closer to Yangon, the resorts on this stretch of coast arrived a little more than a decade ago.

The sea is as clear as it is in Ngapali, but the area isn't as developed, making it a seriously laid back spot and a great place to do nothing after exploring the country.

Ngwe Saung Beach on the Myanmar shore of the Bay of Bengal. There are flights from Yangon -- a 35-minute trip -- but it's just as easy to do the six-hour road trip. If you want to savor the journey, you can take a 16-hour boat from Yangon to the gateway town of Pathein.

When you've had enough of lying on the beach, there's scuba diving and snorkeling and an island at the end of the beach that you can walk out to at low tide. You can hire a motorbike if you want to explore the 15-kilometer beach and ride on the hard sand sections and take the road that runs alongside the beach for the rest.

The seafood here is fantastic -- lobster, shrimp, crab, fish -- and if you're on the beach early in the morning you'll probably see fishermen coming in with their catch.

Myanmar will host the 2013 Southeast Asian Games in December -- beach volleyball and sailing events will be held at Ngwe Saung Beach.

"I was there earlier this year," says Barker. "The resorts are spread out and range from $15 to $400 a night, some with very nice pools, but you don't need them because the sea is great.

"We stayed at a place called Shwe Hin Tha. It's a backpacker favorite and costs $25 a night for a beach cabin for two."

Buddhist novices collect morning alms in Chuang Tha, about 240 kilometers west of Yangon.

Close to Yangon, this beach is popular with middle-class families from the city.

It's not as beautiful as Ngapali or Ngwe Saung beaches -- the sand isn't as white and the beachfront is a jumble of hotels -- but it's hugely popular, especially on weekends and holidays.

If you're here during the high season and want to escape the crowds, you can hire a boat and explore one of the neighboring islands. You'll have to bring your own snorkel set to get a good look at the tropical fish.

"This is where you go if you want to see the Burmese at play," says Barker. "The beach is very commercial with lots of inflatable things going on. People say the beaches north of Chuang Tha are more attractive."

This is the Myanmar beach to hit if you really want to get away from development. Kanthaya Beach is unspoiled and undeveloped. There are no beachside sports and shops, and that's the attraction. You won't be able to book a hotel in advance, but you're sure to find a room when you arrive.

The beach is shallow and 4.5-kilometres long. Unlike the white sandy beach of Ngapali, 100 kilometers north, the sand here is golden and a little gritty.

The standard Myanmar beach attire is jeans and a T-shirt -- on the sand and in the sea.

The most important thing to remember about the Myanmar beach scene is that resorts close down during the monsoon season, from May to October.

The time to go is December through April. By spring, the water is warm. The beach is a great place to be for the Water Festival in April.

The standard Myanmar beach attire is jeans and a T-shirt -- on the sand and in the sea. Yes, that's right, the Burmese swim in their jeans. Others wear shorts or cotton pajamas, but this is definitely not the land of the bikini. Foreigners are afforded an exception, but this isn't the place to flaunt that G-string you've been dying to rock out or decide to go topless.

Myanmar also has the potential to become a surf destination. The waves aren't huge, which makes it perfect for newcomers, but for those after a bigger swells the time to come is the start of the rainy season (May and June).

Editor's note: This article was previously published in 2013. It was reformatted and republished in 2017.

View original post here:

4 of the best beaches in Myanmar - CNN

Eugene to create dangerous surf along Southern California beaches – AccuWeather.com

Large waves from Eugene will reach the coast of Southern California and threaten bathers and boaters through the middle of this week.

"Eugene, once a Category 3 hurricane, will slowly weaken over cool water and within dry air over the next few days," according to AccuWeather Hurricane Expert Dan Kottlowski.

The circulation center of Eugene was located about 510 miles southwest of San Diego, California as of Wednesday morning.

Eugene became the strongest tropical system in the Eastern Pacific so far this season during this past weekend.

While Eugene will not impact California with wind and rain, waves radiating outward from the center of the storm will reach Southern California waters.

The increased threat for coastal waters comes following several days of extreme heat in the southwestern United States. While the latest heat wave is past its peak, thousands will still be heading to the beach for relief or summer vacation this week.

With Eugene well offshore and to the south, waves that propagate northward will bring the heaviest surf to the south-facing beaches into Thursday morning. Waves during this period can reach 6 to 10 feet.

However, large waves and rip currents will affect many of the beaches throughout the coast of Southern California.

Waves can be large enough to cause considerable over-wash and minor coastal flooding along the beachfront.

RELATED: AccuWeather Severe Weather Center: Coastal, surf advisories How to avoid rip currents Heat to build as wildfire threat continues in California Is western US heat so far this season a sign of what's to come for the rest of summer?

Bathers and novice boarders should use extreme caution when entering the surf this week and heed all advisories.

Small craft operators should use caution and be prepared for a large southerly swell.

As Eugene diminishes while at sea, waves and rip currents will diminish later Thursday and Friday.

Meanwhile, another tropical system is developing several hundred miles south of Eugene.

The next name on the list of tropical storms and hurricanes for the Eastern Pacific basin is Fernanda.

"This new system has the potential to wander into the waters surrounding Hawaii around July 23-25," according to AccuWeather Meteorolgist Eric Leister.

Report a Typo

View original post here:

Eugene to create dangerous surf along Southern California beaches - AccuWeather.com

10 great New Zealand beaches – CNN

(CNN) Awe-inspiring. Relaxing. "Piano"-esque.

From the golden bays of Abel Tasman to the naturally heated waters of the Coromandel Peninsula, New Zealand beaches pack as much sunshine and clean water as they do creative adjectives.

Stunning -- and surprising.

In-the-know visitors to this best New Zealand beach candidate pack shovels and arrive around two hours before or after low tide.

That's so they can dig a hole at the tide line and relax in a personal, natural hot springs spa -- at least until the tide comes up and the waves end the fun.

The coastal springs are unique, and the water that burbles up is full of healthy minerals -- calcium, magnesium, potassium.

The view is even better from atop Lion Rock.

The birthplace of Malibu board riding in New Zealand, Piha is the country's most famous surfing beach as well as one of best New Zealand beaches.

But it isn't just a surf beach -- rugged cliffs frame the sea, the commanding Lion Rock stands guard and the lush bush of the Waitakere Ranges provide plenty of opportunity for exploration, walking and picnicking.

Located on the wild west coast, a half-hour drive from Auckland, it's also a quintessential black, iron-sand destination, moody and misty. Definitely not a swim and sunbathing spot, the vibe is more windswept and mysterious.

Rips and currents abound. Swim only in areas patrolled by lifesavers.

The isolated beauty of Karekare.

Easily accessible from Auckland, Karekare was immortalized in 1993 film, "The Piano".

As seen in the movie, a grandiose sweep of black sand stretches as far as the eye can see, with bush-clad hills backing an isolated, wild beach.

Karekare tends to be less inundated with tourists than nearby Piha. If you prefer a quieter beach, this is the one for you.

The water can be extremely rough and swimming only "between the flags" is advised.

Karekare is popular for its annual beach race day, in which local ponies and horses race to raise money for local causes. Beach race day is usually held in early April.

Karekare is signposted off of Piha Road.

On your way to Tasman Abel National Park, make time for Kaiteriteri Beach.

Golden sand and the highest rate of sunshine hours in New Zealand mean Kaiteriteri Beach has all the prerequisites for an idyllic seaside experience.

The golden color of the sand comes from a high quartz content, which produces a glittering, Midas-like effect.

Penguins, seals and dolphins are common, so make sure your camera batteries are fully charged.

A short drive from the Nelson Township and picturesque Motueka, Kaiteriteri is decidedly the best beach in the South Island.

You'll likely see more surfers than whales

The hills are covered with native trees, while the beach itself is world-renowned for its surf. The left-hand point break is a favorite of surfers.

This is a great place to learn how to ride the waves, and there are plenty of surf schools in the area. Without guidance and tutelage, however, this isn't a place for "grommets" or beginner surfers.

The laid-back surfer vibe has attracted plenty of organic food shops and restaurants, eco-resorts, massage studios and, of course, relaxed riders.

From central Auckland, kayaking heaven at Mission Bay is just a short drive away.

With its bustling feel, vibrant restaurants, ice cream parlors, cafes and pubs, Mission Bay is definitely a city beach. A short drive from Auckland's central business district, on a sunny day this best New Zealand beach entry hums with people playing Frisbee, taking walks and paddling in the ocean.

Mission Bay is blessed with golden sands, an expansive grassy area with plenty of picturesque Pohutukawa, New Zealand's native "Christmas tree." The trees are bedecked with oversized red blooms during summer.

This is a great spot to grab an ice cream from the beachfront Mvenpick store and kick back for a little relaxation in the heart of the city.

The payoff makes it worth the effort to get to New Chums Beach.

It's a little hard to get to, but that's part of its charm.

First, you have to walk for 40 minutes through the bush. Then, you have to wade through a lagoon at the northern end of Whangapoua Beach to a set of rocks. At the rocks you access the track leading to a saddle that reveals the beauty of New Chums Beach.

And beautiful it is, with large Pohutukawa trees and native bush set against a sweep of white sand.

Words like "pristine" and "breathtaking" are bandied around in travel literature -- at New Chums Beach, one of the best New Zealand beaches, they're well deserved.

The placid harbor beach is good for swimming. The Ocean Beach is more dramatic, and popular for surfing and bodysurfing.

For good reason, Mount Maunganui is dubbed "Surf City."

Good weather year round and a great cafe scene make "The Mount," as locals call it, an easy holiday destination.

Where else do couples go to surf and get married?

It's a huge beach, with everything you could possibly need for a day by the ocean -- car parks, idyllic picnic spots, walking and jogging tracks, secluded spaces for sunbathing and easy put-ins for boats.

The beach is popular with local surfers, as well as wedding parties.

Whether you count in miles or kilometers, it's still a really long beach.

While the name Ninety Mile Beach is actually a misnomer (it's really only 55 miles long, and New Zealanders use kilometers rather than miles), it is justly a top tourist destination for its staggering beauty.

With sand dunes reminiscent of a desert landscape, it stretches from just west of Kaitaia right to Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of New Zealand.

Golden sands and impressive breakers alongside the magical Aupouri Forest make this perhaps the most famous beach in New Zealand -- it's certainly the biggest.

The long stretch of beach is best accessed from Ahipara township at the southernmost point of the beach. Follow Sandhill Road north with various access points dotted along the way.

Editor's note: This article was previously published in 2011. It was reformatted and republished in 2017.

Here is the original post:

10 great New Zealand beaches - CNN

Large Shark Attacks Kayaker Off Santa Cruz; Beaches Closed … – CBS San Francisco Bay Area

July 11, 2017 2:03 PM

SANTA CRUZ (CBS SF) A kayaker was attacked by a large shark in the waters off Santa Cruz Beach Tuesday morning, according to authorities.

A call came in at 11:01 a.m. about the attack near West Cliff and Pelton Avenue, according to the Santa Cruz Fire Department.

Marine Safety personnel confirmed the attack happened about a mile out from Steamer Lane. The kayaker was not injured, but the kayak sustained extensive damage witha bite mark from the sharks teeth visible on the underside.

The City of Santa Cruz is posting shark warning notices along a one-mile radius where the attacked happened for the next four days. All water activities at beaches, including Main Beach and Cowell Beach, are prohibited until sunrise Saturday morning, according to the city.

(Santa Cruz Fire Department)

Steve Lawson later said in an interview with KSBW, the shark was a great white. He said the shark bit the front of his kayak and he was thrown in the water. He used his marine radio to call harbor patrol.

Authorities described Lawson as a seasoned kayaker.

Attacks like these are extremely rare in Santa Cruz County, and we are so thankful the kayaker was (not)injured, said Chief Jim Frawley in a statement. This is a reminder that swimming in the ocean does carry some risk and we encourage all swimmers, surfers and kayakers to be mindful of their surroundings and follow directions of lifeguards and Marine Safety staff.

Get The New CBS SF Bay Area Local App

Got Our Weather App?

Listen to Radio.com Anywhere, Anytime!

About Us

Advertise

Business Development

Contact

Mobile

Connect

CBS Television Public File

CBS Radio Public File

View post:

Large Shark Attacks Kayaker Off Santa Cruz; Beaches Closed ... - CBS San Francisco Bay Area

Where are the best beaches in the UK? From dog friendly Cornwall to award-winning Weymouth and even London – The Sun

WHETHER youre planning a staycation, or wanting to make the most of the summer heat this weekend, you might be looking to hit the beach.

From Cornwall to London, these are 11 of the best beaches in the UK which could be the perfect destination for your next day out with family or friends.

Alamy

Weymouth Beach is famous for its soft sand and shallow sea, making it the ideal place to take the kids.

With donkeys roaming the sands and regular Punch & Judy shows, this beach tops TripAdvisors list of the top 10 British beaches for a reason.

You can also check out the rock pools at Newtons Cove, and let your dogs paddle in the water.

This is a dog-friendly beach, although your pooches must be kept on a lead and some areas are out-of-bounds so make sure you check the signs.

Getty Images

Surfers flock to the north coast of Cornwall to ride the big waves at this dog-friendly beach.

Fistral Beach is the site of several surfing competitions, while amateurs can book lessons and hire gear before taking to the sea.

Alamy

This sandy beach is one of the busiest in Jersey and offers volleyball, trampolines, pedalos and canoes to entertain your kids.

Voted third in TripAdvisors list, there is also sailing, surfing and wind surfing for the water babies among you but were afraid you cant bring your dogs.

This pop-up Thameside beach in Parsons Green offers an escape from the urban jungle of West London.

The BYOB (bring your own booze) bar concept is going down a storm with city dwellers, while there are also a selection of street food cafes.

Book a yoga class or rent one of their cute beach huts.

Getty Images

This glittering bay offers views across to Godrevy Lighthouse, one of the mildest climates in the UK and a collection of waving palm trees.

The award-winning Blue Flag beach also has an 18-hole mini golf course and is home to The Times Best Coastal Restaurant, Porthminster Beach Cafe.

Dogs are welcome on the beach in the spring, autumn and winter but a seasonal dog ban is in place between Palm Sunday and September 30.

Getty Images

Voted Wales best beach in the TripAdvisor travel awards, this stretch of sand is also the UKs No 1 dog-friendly beach, according to The Times.

Visitors to this three-mile stretch of sandy shore might even catch a glimpse of a seal or dolphin.

The surrounding area has even been named as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

Officially the UKs biggest urban beach, this pop-up is located right in the heart of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, in Stratford.

There is a man-made beach, swimming pool, beach bar and amusement park with dozens of fairground rides.

While no day at the beach would be complete a visit to the arcade.

Getty Images

Over on the Poole peninsula, Sandbanks is home to some of the most expensive properties in Britain as well as its impressive stretch of beach.

Attractions include a crazy golf course, kids play area and water sports hire.

Its won the Blue Flag award more than any other beach in the UK, but were afraid dogs arent allowed.

Alamy

This three-mile stretch of golden sandy beach won the TripAdvisor Travellers Choice Award in 2015 and 2016, and it still makes the top 10.

Dogs arent allowed in the main section between May and October. There is a dog-friendly area just outside, but you must keep your pet on a lead.

Kayaking, jet-skiing, sailing and wind surfing are all on offer at Woolacombe Beach.

Bringing a touch of Cuba to South London, Brixtons beach is a favourite for locals and tourists alike.

Buy tickets for one of their packed weekend beach parties, with visiting DJs, or go to one of the BBQ Thursdays on the Beach.

Theres also a well-stocked bar and a number of street food venues. Yum.

Getty Images

Whether its surfing, snailing or snorkelling youre up for, this could be the place for you.

Theres a huge surf, sand dunes, rock pools and caves on offer.

While the pub, The Watering Hole, is actually on Perranporth Beach.

Dogs must be kept on leads between July and August, from 9am-5pm.

Continue reading here:

Where are the best beaches in the UK? From dog friendly Cornwall to award-winning Weymouth and even London - The Sun

BREAKING: Swimming advisories posted for two Boynton-area beaches – Palm Beach Post

BOYNTON BEACH

Health officials are warning swimmers of elevated bacterial levels in the water at Ocean Inlet Park and Oceanfront Park Beach.

Advisories were posted at beaches after tests determined the water quality to be poor, according to Tim OConnor, spokesman for the Florida Department of Health for Palm Beach County.

The causes for the rise of bacterial levels is unknown but normally associated with wildlife, heavy recreational usage, high surf or runoff following heavy rains.

The advisory indicates that contact with the water at the affected sites may pose increased risk of infectious disease, particularly for suspectible individuals.

The health department advices anyone swimming in a natural body of water to rinse off with fresh water.

Ocean Inlet Park is on the south side of the Boyton Inlet. Oceanfront Park Beach is the towns main beach, just north of the Ocean Avenue Bridge.

Excerpt from:

BREAKING: Swimming advisories posted for two Boynton-area beaches - Palm Beach Post

Women of Color Face a Staggering Amount of Harassment in … – Gizmodo

The sciences are overwhelminglyhostile to women, and in astronomy, its doubly bad for women of color. New research published yesterday in The Journal of Geophysical Research affirms what these women have been saying for years: As a result of persistent harassment by their male colleagues, many women of color feel unsafe at work, attending conferences, and conducting field research.

Kate Clancy, an associate professor at the University of Illinois, has been researching discrimination within the sciences for years. In 2014, she and her team published a study in PLOS One that found of the 600 women field researchers they surveyed, 71 percent said they had experienced inappropriate sexual remarks while in the field and 26 percent said they had experienced sexual assault.

In her new study, Clancy and her team surveyed 474 astronomers and planetary scientists between 2011 and 2014. All subjects identified as women or non-binary, and came from various races and career rank categories such as graduate, post doc, and more. Subjects were asked about everything from verbal harassment to physical assault. Not only did the study find depressingly high rates of harassment among all women surveyed, it concluded that women of color experienced the highest rates of negative workplace experiences, including harassment and assault.

40 percent of women of color reported feeling unsafe in the workplace as a result of their gender or sex, and 28% of women of color reported feeling unsafe as a result of their race, the researchers wrote. Finally, 18% of women of color, and 12% of white women, skipped professional events because they did not feel safe attending, identifying a significant loss of career opportunities due to a hostile climate.

Sexual assault is among the most underreported crimes in America. While the reasons why women choose not to report their assaults or even harassment within the workplace are myriad and complex, the hurdles within academia can make the process even more excruciating. Since permanent staff positions are difficult to come by, many women dont want to risk their career by being branded as the one who complained.

There are a lot of barriers to reporting, and there are severe consequences for victims who dare to report because its re-traumatizing, Clancy told Gizmodo. It requires [victims] to do things in an official capacity, when maybe they just want to talk to somebody about it and sort out their feelings. But there are very few opportunities for those intermediate conversations, because in most academic settings, the second you talk to somebody about what happened, the university requires you to report it up the chain.

For many scientists who have experienced harassment or assault, theres also the fear that the perpetrator wont be reprimanded. Even if the perpetrator is held accountable, it often happens too late.

In astronomy, the case of former Berkley professor Geoff Marcy is probably the most widely reported instance of this in recent years. The potential Nobel laureate resigned in 2015 after a six-month investigation by his university found he had violated sexual harassment policies by kissing, groping, and inappropriately touching his female students. It took Berkeley almost a decade to do anything in an official capacity.

About a year after Marcys case, Representative Jackie Speiera Democrat from Californiaproposed legislation that would better address problem professors who resigned or were expelled due to gender-based harassment. Meanwhile, women in astronomy had begun using the hashtag #AstroSH, or astronomy sexual harassment, to share their experiences in the field.

#AstroSH has grown into a collection of voices speaking out against injustice. But its critical to note that women of color across the sciences have been speaking out about this for years.

Its hard, Dr. Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, a theoretical astrophysicist who has written extensively about racial and gender inequality in STEM, told Gizmodo. I think in our macho-oriented culture, being right and winning is usually an exciting thing. But this is a hard thing to be right about.

While Clancys study focused on astronomy and related fields, its unclear whether astronomy is particularly misogynistic, or if cases like Marcys have brought more media attention to this area of study. Clancy says she and her team will be conducting qualitative analyses on 20 interviews theyve already conducted to better answer this question.

It seems to methough this is anecdotalthat the physical sciences, partly because theyre historically more male-dominated, have a very different workplace environment in terms of whats considered acceptable behavior, Clancy said. Bullying and intimidation are a workplace norm in some of these places...my guess is while its maybe not a great workplace for everybody, it might be especially bad for folks who are underrepresented minorities.

While its important to interrogate workplace culture within astronomy, its also critical to investigate how other fields of sciences treat women, particularly women of color, who are woefully underrepresented across the sciences. A study from the National Science Foundation found that between 1973 and 2012, 22,172 white men received physics PhDs. Over the same period, 66 Black women received physics PhDs.

Why is it that the number of women in physics in graduate programs seems to be lower in physics than in astronomy, but were hearing far fewer stories [about sexual harassment and assault] in physics, Prescod-Weinstein said. Do we really think thats because it doesnt happen in physics, or is it because the culture in physics is even more toxic in silencing?

Clancys new study is not a revelation to the women of color living these experiences, but it is an affirmation that they are heard and believed.

I think that the lesson that needs to be taken away from this study is that data is important and useful, but actually one of the most important things that this report could be doing is providing affirmation to the women who already knew it was true, Prescod-Weinstein said.

[Journal of Geophysical Research]

Go here to read the rest:

Women of Color Face a Staggering Amount of Harassment in ... - Gizmodo

Smallest-ever star discovered by astronomers – Phys.Org

July 12, 2017 Credit: Amanda Smith

The smallest star yet measured has been discovered by a team of astronomers led by the University of Cambridge. With a size just a sliver larger than that of Saturn, the gravitational pull at its stellar surface is about 300 times stronger than what humans feel on Earth.

The star is likely as small as stars can possibly become, as it has just enough mass to enable the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium. If it were any smaller, the pressure at the centre of the star would no longer be sufficient to enable this process to take place. Hydrogen fusion is also what powers the Sun, and scientists are attempting to replicate it as a powerful energy source here on Earth.

These very small and dim stars are also the best possible candidates for detecting Earth-sized planets which can have liquid water on their surfaces, such as TRAPPIST-1, an ultracool dwarf surrounded by seven temperate Earth-sized worlds.

The newly-measured star, called EBLM J0555-57Ab, is located about six hundred light years away. It is part of a binary system, and was identified as it passed in front of its much larger companion, a method which is usually used to detect planets, not stars. Details will be published in the journal Astronomy & Astrophysics.

"Our discovery reveals how small stars can be," said Alexander Boetticher, the lead author of the study, and a Master's student at Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory and Institute of Astronomy. "Had this star formed with only a slightly lower mass, the fusion reaction of hydrogen in its core could not be sustained, and the star would instead have transformed into a brown dwarf."

EBLM J0555-57Ab was identified by WASP, a planet-finding experiment run by the Universities of Keele, Warwick, Leicester and St Andrews. EBLM J0555-57Ab was detected when it passed in front of, or transited, its larger parent star, forming what is called an eclipsing stellar binary system. The parent star became dimmer in a periodic fashion, the signature of an orbiting object. Thanks to this special configuration, researchers can accurately measure the mass and size of any orbiting companions, in this case a small star. The mass of EBLM J0555-57Ab was established via the Doppler, wobble method, using data from the CORALIE spectrograph.

"This star is smaller, and likely colder than many of the gas giant exoplanets that have so far been identified," said von Boetticher. "While a fascinating feature of stellar physics, it is often harder to measure the size of such dim low-mass stars than for many of the larger planets. Thankfully, we can find these small stars with planet-hunting equipment, when they orbit a larger host star in a binary system. It might sound incredible, but finding a star can at times be harder than finding a planet."

This newly-measured star has a mass comparable to the current estimate for TRAPPIST-1, but has a radius that is nearly 30% smaller. "The smallest stars provide optimal conditions for the discovery of Earth-like planets, and for the remote exploration of their atmospheres," said co-author Amaury Triaud, senior researcher at Cambridge's Institute of Astronomy. "However, before we can study planets, we absolutely need to understand their star; this is fundamental."

Although they are the most numerous stars in the Universe, stars with sizes and masses less than 20% that of the Sun are poorly understood, since they are difficult to detect due to their small size and low brightness. The EBLM project, which identified the star in this study, aims to plug that lapse in knowledge. "Thanks to the EBLM project, we will achieve a far greater understanding of the planets orbiting the most common stars that exist, planets like those orbiting TRAPPIST-1," said co-author Professor Didier Queloz of Cambridge' Cavendish Laboratory.

Explore further: Temperate earth-sized worlds found in extraordinarily rich planetary system (Update)

More information: Alexander von Boetticher et al. 'A Saturn-size low-mass star at the hydrogen-burning limit.' Astronomy & Astrophysics (2017). arXiv: arxiv.org/abs/1706.08781

Astronomers have found a system of seven Earth-sized planets just 40 light-years away. They were detected as they passed in front of their parent star, the dwarf star TRAPPIST-1. Three of them lie in the habitable zone and ...

With two suns in its sky, Luke Skywalker's home planet Tatooine in "Star Wars" looks like a parched, sandy desert world. In real life, thanks to observatories such as NASA's Kepler space telescope, we know that two-star systems ...

For the first time, astronomers have discovered seven Earth-size planets orbiting a single nearby starand these new worlds could hold life.

Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Earth (only 4.28 light-years away) is getting a lot of attention these days. It hosts a planet, Proxima Cen b, whose mass is about 1.3 Earth-mass (though it could be larger, depending ...

University of Texas at Austin astronomer Andrew Mann and colleagues have discovered a planet in a nearby star cluster which could help astronomers better understand how planets form and evolve. The discovery of planet K2-25b ...

Researchers have found a new way to measure the pull of gravity at the surface of a star. For distant stars with planets orbiting them, this information is key in determining whether any of those planets can harbour life.

(Phys.org)An international team of astronomers reports the discovery of a new "hot Jupiter" exoplanet with a short orbital period of just three and a half days. The newly detected giant planet, designated KELT-20b, circles ...

The smallest star yet measured has been discovered by a team of astronomers led by the University of Cambridge. With a size just a sliver larger than that of Saturn, the gravitational pull at its stellar surface is about ...

Astronomers studying the distant Universe have found that small star-forming galaxies were abundant when the Universe was only 800 million years old, a few percent of its present age. The results suggest that the earliest ...

In the search for planets similar to our own, an important point of comparison is the planet's density. A low density tells scientists a planet is more likely to be gaseous like Jupiter, and a high density is associated with ...

A new model giving rise to young planetary systems offers a fresh solution to a puzzle that has vexed astronomers ever since new detection technologies and planet-hunting missions such as NASA's Kepler space telescope have ...

Brown dwarf stars are failed stars. Their masses are so small, less than about eighty Jupiter-masses, that they lack the ability to heat up their interiors to the roughly ten million kelvin temperatures required for normal ...

Adjust slider to filter visible comments by rank

Display comments: newest first

Article completely skips over how they know it's a star, what its temperature is and how they measured it etc...

Twinkle twinkle little star,how I wonder what you are.

@avandesande2000, click the link at the bottom, everything is there. Including why they don't know the temperature. How they know it's a star; from astrophysical models and comparison with data from other objects.

Please sign in to add a comment. Registration is free, and takes less than a minute. Read more

See more here:

Smallest-ever star discovered by astronomers - Phys.Org

A star watch and astronomy night at the Rancocas Nature Center – Burlington County Times

Just three days before this decades complete solar eclipse, Friends of the Rancocas Nature Center in Westampton will co-host with the West Jersey Astronomical Society, a Third Annual Star Watch/Astronomy Night, on Aug. 18.

The event starts at 7:30 p.m. with an indoor demonstration, before heading outdoors, to the meadow. The Astronomical Society will bring its big array of telescopes and other optics to guide beginners and experienced star gazers through the summer night sky.

Guests are encouraged to bring flashlights, lawn chairs and binoculars.

Registration is required for this program, and can be completed by calling 609-261-2495. The cost for RNC members is $10 per person or $25 per family of five or less, and nonmembers are $15 or $40 for a family.

The Rancocas Nature Center is situated at 794 Rancocas Road, on a 210-acre piece of the Rancocas State Park. It features three miles of hiking trails through varied habitats including meadows, forest, and wetlands, plus access to Rancocas Creek. It has been operating for 38 years, providing environmental education for the surrounding community with programs both on- and off-site for groups including schools, scouts, libraries, senior citizens, as well as the general public.

The Nature Center building includes a nature gift shop, high quality bird seed for sale, live animals, natural history displays, and restrooms. Grounds include a picnic area, dragonfly pond, frog pond, beehives, and childrens, pollinator and display gardens. The land has important environmental, historical and cultural significance dating back to the American Revolution. Go to RancocasNatureCenter.org for more information.

As part of its mission to promote stewardship and provide environmental education for the Rancocas State Park and surrounding communities through the operation of the Rancocas Nature Center, the Friends of the RNC continues its quarterly events to expand public participation and enrichment.

The RNC is supported through the partnership of the Burlington County Board of Chosen Freeholders, the NJ State Park Service Division of Parks & Forestry, Westampton Township, Friends of Rancocas Nature Center, and the Rancocas Conservancy.

Go here to read the rest:

A star watch and astronomy night at the Rancocas Nature Center - Burlington County Times

For Minority Female Astronomers, a New Research Effort Backs Up Anecdotes of Harassment – The Chronicle of Higher Education

Women working in astronomy and planetary sciences have long spoken up about workplace harassment; a new paper now has data to back up those anecdotes.

Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, the paper, "Double Jeopardy in Astronomy and Planetary Science: Women of Color Face Greater Risks of Gendered and Racial Harassment," surveyed 474 astronomers and planetary scientists about their workplace experiences from 2011 to 2015. A standout statistic: Forty percent of women of color who responded said they felt unsafe at work because of their gender or sex, while 28 percent said they had felt unsafe because of their race.

Among all the scientists surveyed, women from minority racial and ethnic groups reported the highest rates of harassment, assault, and negative experiences. Although there is no one factor that explains why so many women responded that they have been harassed, two of the papers co-authors said that some of the problems may stem from aspects specific to the field of astronomy.

Kathryn B.H. Clancy, an associate professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and one of the papers co-authors, said the field has been dominated with male leaders department heads, deans, and prominent scientists for longer than fields like the social sciences or life sciences. Getting over the hurdles that come with years of male-dominated leadership can be tough, even when a new female leader is appointed.

"I think theres high prevalence of sexual harassment and other types of harassment across all of these places," Ms. Clancy said. "But I think women have more social support and more means to work against some of these type of hostile workplaces when theres higher representation."

Increasing the number of female leaders in these departments can seem like an easy fix, but too often women in leadership positions are selected for their willingness to adopt the norms of the men who led before them, Ms. Clancy said. And its usually white women, not women of color, appointed to these leadership positions, she added.

"Just generally speaking, diversity programs and affirmative-action programs: Who have they benefited the most over the last several decades? White women, right?" Ms. Clancy said. "So, again, I think the bigger issue for me is I want to see more women of color in leadership positions."

Women in the field are reaching points in their careers where leadership roles are available and having new leaders tackle issues like harassment is key, said Christina Richey, a former chair of the American Astronomical Societys Committee on the Status of Women in Astronomy and one of the papers co-authors.

The nature of the field may also explain why harassment is so prevalent, Ms. Richey said. For example, when scientists are participating in an observatory run, or when astronomers travel to an observatory to study planets, stars, and galaxies for multiple nights at a time, they are taking notes after looking through a telescope with only one other person. This type of research forces moments of isolation between a woman and maybe just one colleague, likely a man.

The solutions come a lot more from listening to people, and from in particular listening to people of color, than it does from, you know, running stats.

Such interactions arent limited to faculty members. Graduate students may also deal with forced socialization during poster sessions at conferences, Ms. Richey said. If a noted scholar comes up to a female graduate student to ask questions about her poster or paper and begins to act inappropriately, the student has to get through the uncomfortable moment on her own.

Leaders, male or female, have to keep the fields unique situations in mind when setting policies to deal with harassment in the discipline, she said. "You have these forced isolation and socialization moments, but Ill be perfectly honest with you I dont believe astronomy and planetary science is separate from the issues that society at large is dealing with," Ms. Richey said.

This paper, including its recommendations to help mend the hostile workplace that women from minority groups face in astronomy and planetary sciences, is just the first step of these authors research on the issue. In its suggested solutions the paper echoed and cited proposals published by women of color about the topic.

Ms. Richey said shed like to see further research on what type of training, from bystander intervention to hands-on style lessons, gives the best results. "Which of these techniques is the one that is seen as, shall I say, the most proven effective, so that we can then start to make that the standard protocol instead of just checking boxes."

Ms. Clancy said the research team also conducted interviews to go with the data, and plans to publish a paper that digs into more of those responses. Exploring the narratives and interviews will hopefully help more people understand the challenges women face in the discipline. "The solutions come a lot more from listening to people, and from in particular listening to people of color, than it does from, you know, running stats."

Fernanda Zamudio-Suarz is a breaking-news reporter. Follow her on Twitter @FernandaZamudio, or email her at fzamudiosuarez@chronicle.com.

Continued here:

For Minority Female Astronomers, a New Research Effort Backs Up Anecdotes of Harassment - The Chronicle of Higher Education

Ten things you don’t know about asteroids (and impacts thereof) – SYFY WIRE (blog)

Tonight (Wednesday July 12, 2017 at 9/8 Central), the CBS television network premiers the first episode of a new series called Salvation. Its a drama - part science fiction and part political thriller - about an asteroid discovered on a collision course with Earth. In the show, we have just six months before impact.

I am very pleased to let yall know that I am the science consultant for the show! Its my first big-time consultation (Ive done quite a few before, but usually for one-offs, pilots that never get made, and oh, yeah, a big Hollywood movie where I literally changed one word in the script).

Ive seen the first episode (you can watch the first 15 minutes here) and I have to say, its pretty good. Lots of intrigue and, while I wont spoil anything, I will say that there are plenty of twists and turns to the plot as story unfolds. Its been a lot of fun to come up with real (or near-real) solutions to some of the plot points the characters find themselves in. In some cases, I did as best I could to be as realistic and scientifically accurate as possible, but thats not always the way it works out. As any science consultant will tell you, the story must come first! If the science needs to be bent a little bit to make that happen, well, you cant be too stiff, or else youll break.

Im OK with that, because without a story youve got nothing. Let science add what it can where it can, and dont sweat it too much if you have to lean more on the fiction side of science fiction.

[Credit: CBS]

With that in mind, and in honor of the Salvation premier, I thought it would be fun to make a short list of ten facts, trivia, and misconceptions people have about asteroids and asteroid impacts. Some of these will tie directly into the show, so read this and keep it in mind when you watch the premier tonight (at 9/8 Central, remember, and check your local listings). How did we do? Leave comments below! And for more info about the show, follow SalvationCBS on Twitter.

So:

1) Mostly, asteroids spend their time in the Main Belt. Mostly.

Asteroids are chunks of rock, metal, or a mixture of both. Theres no real lower limit to their size its weird to call something the size of a basketball an asteroid, but there you go and the biggest (Ceres and Vesta) are so large theyre called protoplanets.

The vast majority orbit the Sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, far from Earth. But not all of them do. Some share Jupiters orbit, for example, and are called Trojan asteroids. Others have looping elliptical orbits, usually yanked into those paths by Jupiters mighty gravity.

[The main belt asteroid Vesta as seen by the Dawn spacecraft. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCAL/MPS/DLR/IDA]

Others pass close to the Earth. We call those near-Earth asteroids, or NEAs, because sometimes astronomers lack imagination when it comes to etymological coinagement. They come in lots of different groups, generally classified by the semi-major axis of their orbit (the long diameter of an ellipse divided by two, analogous to a circles radius).

If the semi-major axis of an asteroids orbit is greater than Earths distance from the Sun, we call it an Apollo asteroid (named after the asteroid 1862 Apollo, the first of its kind to be found). If the semi-major axis is less than Earths distance to the Sun, its an Aten asteroid. There are also Amors (which have orbits that keep them at least just outside Earths orbit), Atiras (also called Apohele asteroids), which stay well inside Earths orbit, and some others. There may even be asteroids that stay inside Mercurys orbit, called Vulcanoids, but they are currently theoretical; none has been seen.

Which brings us to

2) An asteroid on an impact course may not come from deep space. It may be a neighbor thats getting too friendly.

In 2004, an asteroid was discovered, later named Apophis. It was found to be an NEA, on an orbit just about 0.9 Earth years long. Its an Aten with an orbit that crosses ours, and it was soon discovered that in the year 2029 it will pass so close to Earth it will be under our geosynchronous satellites! Itll pass no less than 31,000 kilometers over our surface. A close call, but a clean miss.

But theres more. During that encounter, Earths gravity will bend the orbit of Apophis. For a while it wasnt clear how much. But it was quickly found that if it passed at exactly the right distance (going through a region of space astronomers call a keyhole), its orbit would change just enough that seven years later, in 2036, it would impact the Earth!

That caused a lot of concern, obviously. However, more recent observations show conclusively that it will miss the keyhole, and will therefore miss the Earth in 2036 by a substantial margin. Phew! But it was a wake-up call that not all asteroid threats come from far away, and that the keyhole is an important concept in asteroid science.

In Salvation, the asteroid comes from deep space. Thats not impossible, but there are other ones we need to keep our eyes on. But then, how do we find them? Well

3) Asteroids arent usually discovered by people. Theyre found in automated surveys.

It used to be that astronomers found asteroids literally by drawing maps by hand, then noting which stars moved (the name asteroid, after all, means star-like). The first, Ceres, was discovered that way!

Then we invented photography, and asteroids betrayed their existence by their motion around the Sun, leaving little streaks in the images.

Now, though, we have electronic detectors and telescopes that can see wide swaths of the sky. This means we can survey huge chunks of celestial real estate, looking for things that move and that can be done using software that is much faster than humans.

The vast majority of asteroids are now found this way. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, or WISE, was a space telescope designed in part to look for asteroids, catching their warm glow in infrared. It found quite a few before the mission ended; it was so successful it was revived and renamed to NEOWISE, for Near-Earth Object WISE.

[WISE image of the asteroid Santa Claus. Yes, seriously. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA]

New observatories are coming online now and in the near future that will find tremendous numbers of asteroids, too.

But how many are there? Well

4) There are billions of asteroids. But the asteroid belt is actually pretty empty.

The main asteroid belt has over a million asteroids bigger than 1 km across, and there are likely more than a billion 100 meters across. Despite that, the main belt is mostly empty space! The total volume of asteroids is less than the Earths Moon, and theres a huge amount of space out there, more than a quintillion square kilometers (and vastly more if you include the volume, not the area, of space available).

Its also not clear how many NEAs there are. Well over 16,000 are known, and there are probably about 1000 a kilometer or more in size (statistics indicate weve found 90% of those already). There are probably a million NEAs bigger than about 40 meters in size out there. Weve only discovered about 1% of them.

That sounds scary, but were looking for them! Thats the first step in preventing them hitting us, after all.

Speaking of which

5) An asteroid doesnt have to physically hit the ground to be a big problem.

Sure, youve seen movies where some gigantic asteroids slams into the Earth, creating devastation and all kinds of horribleness. But really big asteroids are very rare (the one in Salvation is big enough that very few like it exist). The smaller they are, the more common they are.

Really small ones just burn up in Earths atmosphere. Were hit by about 100 tons of material every day, most smaller than a grain of sand! When that happens, we see a shooting star, or more technically a meteor.

If an asteroid is mostly metal, than it can get through the atmosphere and hit the ground hard enough to do real damage if its bigger than roughly 20 meters in size or so. The one that carved out Meteor Crater in Arizona was probably 30-50 meters across.

If its rock, then its more fragile, and wont hit the ground; itll disintegrate high up in the atmosphere. But thats still a problem! Salvation opens (no spoilers) discussing the asteroid that blew up in the air over the Russian city of Chelyabinsk in 2013. That was a real event. The asteroid was rocky, and about 19 meters in diameter. Its power was tied to its kinetic energy, the energy of motion. That depends on the asteroids mass and its velocity (actually the velocity squared), and it was moving fast, about 20 kilometers per second. All that energy was released as the asteroid was stopped by Earths air, and the result was an explosion equivalent to 500,000 tons of TNT. Thats the same as a small atomic bomb.

Thats why astronomers are so intent on finding these things and preventing them from hitting us. But how do we do that?

6) Blowing up an asteroid is NOT the best way to prevent an impact. It may even be the worst.

In the movies, they usually try to blow up the asteroid, creating a cloud of zillions of little rocks that burn up harmlessly in the atmosphere.

But thats a terrible idea. First of all, that doesnt help. As I said, the kinetic energy of an asteroid (and thus its impact energy) depends on its mass and velocity. If you blow it up and all the pieces still hit, you havent changed the impact energy at all! Youve just spread it around. For a really big asteroid that doesnt help, and in fact could make things worse, creating damage over a larger area.

So, you might think blowing it up is a better idea if the asteroid is still far away, letting it disperse. But, nope. Explosions are hard to get right, and you might create several somewhat smaller pieces still on a collision course. Now, you dont have one problem, you have many. And if you use a nuke, now you have many radioactive problems.

A better idea is to try to nudge it into a path that misses the Earth. There are lots of ways of doing this. Perhaps the best is whats called a gravity tractor, a small spacecraft that uses its tiny gravity to slowly tug an asteroid into a new orbit (you can find more technical detail here). But that takes a long time. If the clock is running out, you can simply slam a spacecraft into the asteroid, whats called a kinetic impact, to try to change its velocity enough to miss, us as well (without breaking it up!). Most likely youd need both a kinetic impactor and a gravity tug to make sure the asteroid misses.

There are lots of other techniques being discussed now. The problem is, none has been tested very well. Thats something Id actually like to see NASA do; fund a series of missions to try different methods on asteroids to see what works best, and what we need to do to iron the kinks out.

By the way, the B612 Foundation is a group of astronomers, engineers, and astronauts dedicated to characterizing the asteroid threat and doing something about it. Many other groups exist as well. Like I said, we take this threat seriously.

One thing well need to know in advance is what the asteroid is made of. They can be full of surprises! For example

7) Some asteroids are not much more than piles of rubble.

You probably think of asteroids as being monolithic, literally one big chunk of stuff. But weve learned thats not always the case.

A rocky asteroid orbiting the Sun isnt alone; there are lots of other asteroids out there. Over billions of years, a typical asteroid will suffer many impacts from those other rocks. If the collision is high speed, and the intruder big enough, they can both shatter. But a small rock moving relatively slowly will hit the bigger one hard, but not hard enough to disrupt it. Instead, the impact can create cracks in the big one that can run very deep. After lots of such encounters, the asteroid can be so riddled with fissures its really nothing more than a pile of rubble held together by its own gravity (and other weak forces).

Weve actually found several asteroids like this. Its possible this structure would affect how we try to deflect it, and what happens should one hit Earth, so astronomers are very intently studying these weird objects.

Speaking of weird

8) Most asteroids arent round. Some are shaped like bowling pins!

In movies, asteroids are usually depicted as round. Lots of them are! Especially if theyre big; their gravity can be strong enough to shape them into a sphere. Think of it this way: Imagine a mountain on Earth. If it gets too big the rock inside it isnt strong enough to support it against gravity, so it collapses. It smooths out. Now imagine a million mountains all over the Earth like that: They all collapse, flattening out. The overall shape that would form is a sphere.

But most asteroids are way too small for their gravity to be strong enough to do that. So they come in all kinds of shapes. Many weve seen up close are elongated, like potatoes. Some are even shaped like bowling pins, or like cartoon dog bones! Those may be formed when two small asteroids impact at slow enough speed that they stick together. Its also possible that over time, various forces can spin an asteroid up, making it rotate faster and faster, until it breaks apart. Then the pieces can reform, creating a dumbbell shape. We see that in many of the comets weve visited with spacecraft; comets and asteroids are very similar.

There are other things that can result from this breakup, too. For example

9) Many asteroids have moons.

Some asteroids have come close enough to Earth recently that astronomers have pinged them with radar. Using sophisticated techniques they can learn a lot about them that way, including their size, how fast they spin, and whether theyre alone.

Yup: Just like planets, asteroids can have moons! In fact, something like 16% of NEAs larger than about 200 meters across have small companions. They may form when a bigger asteroid spins up and breaks apart, or undergoes a smallish impact that sends debris into space around it.

[The asteroid 1998 QE2 imaged by radar shows the motion of its small moon. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/GSSR]

An asteroid with a moon provides incredibly useful information: by measuring how long it takes the moon to orbit, the mass of the big asteroid can be found (because the gravity of the asteroid depends on its mass, and its that gravity that controls the orbit of the moon). Thats nearly impossible to determine otherwise. Thats one way we know that many asteroids are rubble piles; they have way too little mass for a solid rock their size. Theyre full of holes!

But thats not all theyre full of. In fact

10) Asteroids are a threat. But they can also be oursalvation.

We almost always hear about asteroids in terms of how harmful they are if they impact Earth. But theyre not all doom and gloom!

Many asteroids have water ice inside them. Weve detected it in several, and its possible quite a few have ice and other useful substances in them.

Useful? Yup. Humans need water to survive, of course, but you can also use electricity (supplied by solar panels, say) to break water molecules up into oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen is rather useful for breathing, and hydrogen is great as a fuel. So, right there, you have three critical components to inhabiting space!

Scientists are very interested on figuring out whether we can harvest asteroids for materials. If you can mine them and store those materials, they can become space depots, floating way stations for astronauts exploring deep space. Water is very heavy, so launching it into space is difficult and expensive. If its already there, you can save a huge amount of effort and money.

They also have metals in them that are useful for building spaceships and structures, too. They could very well be one-stop shopping places for future astronauts. Some private companies have even been started in the hopes of doing this!

I love this idea. It makes space travel far easier, and can provide humanity with the tools and raw materials needed to not only explore space, but to stay there.

If we do nothing, eventually a large enough asteroid will hit us, and could do a lot of damage; destroying a city, collapsing our civilization, or even causing our extinction.

[Someday, some human will have this view. Credit: Erik Wernquist, from his magnificent short film "Wanderers".]

By learning how to divert asteroids we can prevent this from happening. By tapping into asteroids as a resource we can simultaneously ensure humanity wont get wiped out by any single cause. If we become a true space faring race our future will be long indeed, and will include seeing us stepping foot on other planets, hopefully to live there. Permanently.

Extinction, or salvation? The choice is ours.

[Top image credit: Shuttertstock / solarseven]

The rest is here:

Ten things you don't know about asteroids (and impacts thereof) - SYFY WIRE (blog)

Case Study: More Efficient Numerical Simulation in Astrophysics – insideBIGDATA

Sponsored Post

Novosibirsk State University is one of the major research and educational centers in Russia and one of the largest universities in Siberia. When researchers at the University were looking to develop and optimize a software tool for numerical simulation of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) problems with hydrogen ionization part of an astrophysical objects simulation (AstroPhi) projectthey needed to optimize the tools performance on Intel Xeon Phi processor-based hardware. The team turned to Intel Advisor and Intel Trace Analyzer and Collector. This resulted in a performance speed-up of 3X, cutting the standard time for calculating one problem from one week to just two days.

Mathematical modeling plays a key role in modern astrophysics. It is the universal tool for research of non-linear evolutionary processes in the universe. Modeling the complex astrophysical processes in high resolution takes the most powerful supercomputers. The Universitys AstroPhi project develops astrophysical code for massively parallel supercomputers with Intel Xeon Phi processors. This valuable project helps students learn to create numerical simulation code for massively parallel supercomputers. The students also learn about modern HPC hardware architecturespreparing them to develop tomorrows exascale supercomputers.

The use of Intel Advanced Vector Extensions for Intel Xeon Phi processors gave us the maximum code performance compared with other architectures available on the market, said Igor Kulikov, Assistant Professor, Novosibirsk State University.

Numerical Method

The team designed the project using a numerical method shown in the figure below. The benefits of this high-order method included:

The first three benefits are the key factors for realistic modeling of all the significant physical effects in astrophysical problems. The simplicity of the method, plus the small number of MPI send/receive operations, provides efficient parallelizationand potentially infinite scalability in terms of weak scalability.

Massively Parallel Architecture

The team co-designed the new solver for massively parallel architecture based on Intel Xeon Phi processors. Designed to help eliminate node bottlenecks and simplify code modernization, the bootable processors provided the power efficiency the team needed to handle the most demanding high-performance computing applications.

The team based the solver on Intel Advanced Vector Extensions 512 (Intel AVX-512) instructions, which deliver 512-bit SIMD support and enable programs to pack eight double-precision or 16 single-precision floating-point numbers, or eight 64-bit integers, or 16 32-bit integers within the 512-bit vectors. This enables processing of 2X the number of data elements that AVX/AVX2 can process with a single instruction, and 4X that of SSE.

The use of Intel Advanced Vector Extensions 512 for Intel Xeon Phi processors gave us the maximum code performance compared with other architectures available on the market, said Igor Kulikov, assistant professor at NSU.

Optimizing the Code

A key aspect of the AstroPhi project was optimizing the code for maximum performance on the Intel Xeon Phi processors. Before optimization, the team had some problems with vector dependencies and vector sizes. The goals for optimizing the code were to remove vector dependencies and optimize memory load operations, efficiently adapting vector and array sizes for the Intel Xeon Phi architecture. The team used Intel Advisor and Intel Trace Analyzer and Collector, two tools that are part of Intel Parallel Studio XE, for the optimization.

Intel Parallel Studio XE is a comprehensive software development suite that helps developers maximize application performance on todays and future processors by taking advantage of the ever-increasing processor core count and vector register width.

Intel Advisor is a software tool based on the fact that for modern processors, it is crucial to both vectorize (use AVX* or SIMD* instructions) and thread software to realize the full performance potential of the processor. Using this tool, the team was able to perform a roofline analysis highlighting poor-performing loops and showing performance headroom for each loop, identifying which can be improved and which are worth improving.

Intel Advisor made it easier to find the cause of bottlenecks and decide on next optimization steps, explained Igor Chernykh, assistant professor at NSU. It provided data to help us forecast the performance gain before we invested significant effort in implementation.

Intel Advisor sorted loops by potential gain, making compiler reports easier to read by showing messages on the source, and giving the project team tips for effective vectorization. It also provided key data like trip counts, data dependencies, and memory access patterns make vectorization safe and efficient.

Intel Trace Analyzer and Collector was another help in optimizing the code. This graphical tool helped the team understand MPI application behavior, quickly find bottlenecks, improve correctnessand, ultimately, maximize the tools performance on Intel architecture. It includes MPI communications profiling and analysis features that helped to improve weak and strong scaling.

Results

After all the improvements and optimizations, the team achieved 190 GFLOPS performance and 0.3 FLOP/byte arithmetic intensity, with 100 percent mask utilization and 573 GB/s memory bandwidth.

Using Intel Advisor and Intel Trace Analyzer and Collector, we were able to remove vector dependencies, optimize load operations, and adapt vector and array size for the Intel Xeon Phi architecture, explained Kulikov. This optimization gave the opportunity to run 3X more variants of astrophysical tests.

Download your free 30-day trial of Intel Parallel Studio XE

Visit link:

Case Study: More Efficient Numerical Simulation in Astrophysics - insideBIGDATA

Quantum mechanics inside Earth’s core – Phys.Org

July 12, 2017 The different spatial layout of the atoms in the iron lattice and in the nickel lattice is responsible for their different physical behaviour under extreme conditions. The coloured graphic shows the electronic dispersion of nickel in the region which is responsible for this behaviour. Credit: Michael Karolak

Without a magnetic field life on Earth would be rather uncomfortable: Cosmic particles would pass through our atmosphere in large quantities and damage the cells of all living beings. Technical systems would malfunction frequently and electronic components could be destroyed completely in some cases.

Despite its huge significance for life on our planet, it is still not fully known what creates the Earth's magnetic field. There are various theories regarding its origin, but a lot of experts consider them to be insufficient or flawed. A discovery made by scientists from Wrzburg might provide a new explanatory angle. Their findings were published in the current issue of the journal Nature Communications. Accordingly, the key to the effect could be hidden in the special structure of the element nickel.

Contradiction between theory and reality

"The standard models for Earth's magnetic field use values for the electric and thermal conductivity of the metals inside our planet's core that cannot square with reality," Giorgio Sangiovanni says; he is a professor at the Institute for Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics at the University of Wrzburg. Together with PhD student Andreas Hausoel and postdoc Michael Karolak, he is in charge of the international collaboration that was published recently. Among the participants are Alessandro Toschi and Karsten Held of TU Wien, who are long-term cooperation partners of Giorgio Sangiovanni, and scientists from Hamburg, Halle (Saale) and Yekaterinburg in Russia.

At Earth's centre at a depth of about 6,400 km, there is a temperature of 6,300 degrees Celsius and a pressure of about 3.5 million bars. The predominant elements, iron and nickel, form a solid metal ball under these conditions which makes up the inner core of the Earth. This inner core is surrounded by the outer core, a fluid layer composed mostly of iron and nickel. Flowing of liquid metal in the outer core can intensify electric currents and create Earth's magnetic field at least according to the common geodynamo theory. "But the theory is somewhat contradictory," Giorgio Sangiovanni says.

Band-structure induced correlation effects

"This is because at room temperature iron differs significantly from common metals such as copper or gold due to its strong effective electron-electron interaction. It is strongly correlated," he declares. But the effects of electron correlation are attenuated considerably at the extreme temperatures prevailing in Earth's core so that conventional theories are applicable. These theories then predict a much too high thermal conductivity for iron which is at odds with the geodynamo theory.

With nickel things are different. "We found nickel to exhibit a distinct anomaly at very high temperatures," the physicist explains. "Nickel is also a strongly correlated metal. Unlike iron, this is not due to the electron-electron interaction alone, but is mainly caused by the special band structure of nickel. We baptised the effect 'band-structure induced correlation'." The band structure of a solid is only determined by the geometric layout of the atoms in the lattice and by the atom type.

Iron and nickel in Earth's core

"At room temperature, iron atoms will arrange in a way that the corresponding atoms are located at the corners of an imaginary cube with one central atom at the centre of the cube, forming a so-called bcc lattice structure," Andreas Hausoel adds. But as temperature and pressure increase, this structure changes: The atoms move together more closely and form a hexagonal lattice, which physicists refer to as an hcp lattice. As a result, iron looses most of its correlated properties.

But not so with nickel: "In this metal, the atoms are as densely packed as possible in the cube structure already in the normal state. They keep this layout even when temperature and pressure become very large," Hausoel explains. The unusual physical behaviour of nickel under extreme conditions can only be explained by the interaction of this geometric stability and the electron correlations originating from this geometry. Despite the fact that scientists have neglected nickel so far, it seems to play a major role in Earth's magnetic field.

Decisive hint from geophysics

The goings-on inside Earth's core are not the actual focus of research at the Departments of Theoretical Solid-state Physics of the University of Wrzburg. Rather Sangiovanni, Hausoel and their colleagues concentrate on the properties of strongly correlated electrons at low temperatures. They study quantum effects and so-called multi-particle effects which are interesting for the next generation of data processing and energy storage devices. Superconductors and quantum computers are the keywords in this context.

Data from experiments are not used in this kind of research. "We take the known properties of atoms as input, include the insights from quantum mechanics and try to calculate the behaviour of large clusters of atoms with this," Hausoel says. Because such calculations are highly complex, the scientists have to rely on external support such as the SUPERMUC supercomputer at the Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (LRZ) in Garching.

And what's the Earth's core got to do with this? "We wanted to see how stable the novel magnetic properties of nickel are and found them to survive even very high temperatures," Hausoel says. Discussions with geophysicists and further studies of iron-nickel alloys have shown that these discoveries could be relevant for what is happening inside Earth's core.

Explore further: Splitting water for the cost of a nickel

More information: A. Hausoel et al. Local magnetic moments in iron and nickel at ambient and Earth's core conditions, Nature Communications (2017). DOI: 10.1038/ncomms16062

A technique to create a material for cost-effective water electrolysis uses a simple chemical method for preparing nickel-based anodes to improve the oxygen-evolution reaction. Efficiency gains like this one developed by ...

Earth's magnetic field shields us from deadly cosmic radiation, and without it, life as we know it could not exist here. The motion of liquid iron in the planet's outer core, a phenomenon called a "geodynamo," generates the ...

Even though it is hotter than the surface of the Sun, the crystallized iron core of the Earth remains solid. A new study from KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden may finally settle a longstanding debate over how that's ...

Earth's magnetic field is crucial for our existence, as it shields the life on our planet's surface from deadly cosmic rays. It is generated by turbulent motions of liquid iron in Earth's core. Iron is a metal, which means ...

If you could travel back in time 41,000 years to the last ice age, your compass would point south instead of north. That's because for a period of a few hundred years, the Earth's magnetic field was reversed. These reversals ...

High pressure could be the key to making advanced metal mixtures that are lighter, stronger and more heat-resistant than conventional alloys, a new study by Stanford researchers suggests.

Farmers in the Great Plains of Nebraska, Colorado, Kansas and the panhandle of Texas produce about one-sixth of the world's grain, and water for these crops comes from the High Plains Aquiferoften known as the Ogallala ...

An iceberg the size of Delaware, one of the largest on record, was set adrift after snapping off a West Antarctic ice shelf that is now at increased risk of collapse, scientists said Wednesday.

Reusing graywater in dry areas may require treatment for more efficient irrigation in arid, sandy soils, according to a new study published in Chemosphere by researchers at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) Zuckerberg ...

A new study by MIT climate scientists, economists, and agriculture experts finds that certain hotspots in the country will experience severe reductions in crop yields by 2050, due to climate change's impact on irrigation.

Arctic winter warming events - winter days when temperatures peak above minus 10 degrees Celsius - are a normal part of the Arctic climate over the ice-covered Arctic Ocean, but new research finds they are becoming more frequent ...

University of Alaska Fairbanks researchers have discovered that volcanoes have a unique way of dealing with pressurethrough crystals.

Please sign in to add a comment. Registration is free, and takes less than a minute. Read more

See original here:

Quantum mechanics inside Earth's core - Phys.Org

How Einstein’s theory of gravitation experienced a Renaissance after World War II – Phys.Org

July 12, 2017

Einstein's 1915 theory of gravitation, also known as General Relativity, is now considered one of the pillars of modern physics. It contributes to our understanding of cosmology and of fundamental interactions between particles. But that was not always the case. Between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s, General Relativity underwent a period of stagnation, during which the theory was mostly considered as a stepping-stone for a superior theory. In a special issue of The European Physical Journal H just published, historians of science and physicists actively working on General Relativity and closely related fields share their views on the process, during the post-World War II era, in particular, which saw the "Renaissance" of General Relativity, following progressive transformation of the theory into a bona fidae physics theory.

In this special issue, new insights into the historical process leading to this renaissance point to the extension of the foundation of the original theory, ultimately leading to a global transformation in its character. Contributions from several experts reveals that the theory of 1915 was insufficient to reach firm conclusions without being complemented by intuitions drawn from the resources of pre-relativistic physics. Or, in the case of cosmology, the theory needed to be complemented by philosophical considerations that were hardly generalizable to help solve more mundane problems.

As physicist Pascual Jordan puts it, there was a "mismatch between the simplicity of the physical and epistemological foundations and the annoying complexity of the corresponding thicket of formulae."

A number of contributions in this special issue also explain how the theory underwent a period of successive controversies, leading by the 1960s, to the renaissance of the theory. Subsequently, it became in the 1970s, an important, empirically well-tested branch of theoretical physics related to the new, successful sub-discipline of relativistic astrophysics.

Explore further: The Genesis of Relativity

More information: Alexander Blum et al, Editorial introduction to the special issue "The Renaissance of Einstein's Theory of Gravitation", The European Physical Journal H (2017). DOI: 10.1140/epjh/e2017-80023-3

New insights into the premises, assumptions and preconditions that underlie Einsteins Relativity Theory, as well as the intellectual, and cultural contexts that shaped it, are the subject of a comprehensive study published ...

In the 1950s and earlier, the gravity theory of Einstein's general relativity was largely a theoretical science. In a new paper published in EPJ H, Jim Peebles, a physicist and theoretical cosmologist who is currently the ...

Albert Einstein's celebrated genius may be underappreciated, according to a new book by Yale physicist A. Douglas Stone: The father of relativity theory deserves far more credit than he gets for his insights into quantum ...

Researchers have shown how singularities which are normally only found at the centre of black holes and hidden from view could exist in highly curved three-dimensional space.

(PhysOrg.com) -- In his discussion of accelerated motion on page 60 of The Meaning of Relativity, Albert Einstein made an approximation that allowed him to develop the theory of relativity further. Einstein apparently never ...

When measuring time, we normally assume that clocks do not affect space and time, and that time can be measured with infinite accuracy at nearby points in space. However, combining quantum mechanics and Einstein's theory ...

Here's the scenario: you have sensitive data and a problem that only a quantum computer can solve. You have no quantum devices yourself. You could buy time on a quantum computer, but you don't want to give away your secrets. ...

In a milestone for studying a class of chemical reactions relevant to novel solar cells and memory storage devices, an international team of researchers working at the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory ...

Brandon Jackson, a doctoral candidate in mechanical engineering at Michigan Technological University, has created a new computational model of an electrospray thruster using ionic liquid ferrofluida promising technology ...

Sometimes, liquid drops don't drop. Instead, they climb. Using computer simulations, researchers have now shown how to induce droplets to climb stairs all by themselves.

Previously, the Higgs boson has been observed decaying to photons, tau-leptons, and W and Z bosons. However, these impressive achievements represent only 30 percent of Higgs boson decays. The Higgs boson's favoured decay ...

(Phys.org)Two teams of researchers in China have advanced the distance that entangled particles can be used to send information, including encryption keys. In their papers, both uploaded to the arXiv preprint sever, the ...

Adjust slider to filter visible comments by rank

Display comments: newest first

Please sign in to add a comment. Registration is free, and takes less than a minute. Read more

More:

How Einstein's theory of gravitation experienced a Renaissance after World War II - Phys.Org

Stargazing, Astronomy Activities Highlight AstroFest – State College News

Nighttime view of telescopes on the roof of Davey Lab at Penn State's University Park campus. Photo: Penn State

Click photo for gallery

Penn State's annual AstroFest will offer four nights of free astronomy activities and stargazing coinciding with the Central Pennsylvania Festival of the Arts.

From 8:30 p.m. to 11:30 p.m. Wednesday through Saturday, visitors of all ages are welcomed at the event on the fifth floor of Davey Lab off Pollock Road on the University Park campus.

Rooftop observing will occur as weather permits. On clear nights telescopes on the roof of the building will be open to view the stars and planets.

"The rings of Saturn and the moons of Jupiter are so vivid, people often ask if we have painted them on the end of the telescope," said Jane Charlton, a professor in the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics and the founding organizer ofAstroFest, in a release. "It is so rewarding to see the looks on people's faces when they first see their favorite planets in such amazing detail."

In front of the lab, attendees can launch bottle rockets, watch sound waves converted to fire and electricity and experience walking across a simulated alien planet surface. In the lobby of Davey Lab, kids can pick up an AstroFest activity passport and after receiving stamps on the passports for the activities they attend can collect science-themed prizes.

On the fifth floor activity stations such as "make your own comet," a quiz to win astronomy posters, and "astrogami" postcard designing. The Finding Planets lab offers an exploration of how astronomers look for planets beyond our solar system, and five-minute tours of a scale model of the solar system and the evolution of the universe will be available.

Presentations will be held each night as well, with topics such as detection of gravitational waves, dark energy and the upcoming solar eclipse.

"Solar eclipses have captured the imagination of humans for millennia. All of us here are thrilled to be havingAstroFestthis year right before an eclipse of our own," said Chris Palma, senior lecturer in astronomy and astrophysics and co-coordinator ofAstroFest.

Read more here:

Stargazing, Astronomy Activities Highlight AstroFest - State College News

A Blueprint for Coexistence with Artificial Intelligence – WIRED

F(|,JeM,dK>}j%$ h/kGYDD&@dAgV`"#32/ 7yLg"pO~)S<25M9IgI*1o/N(Lyz oOc8tOe;@^6]~C.;CN=}|4)Xy?>z(axB ,t)XJB 7d2,TbZqY(`a_$KiPRyd|i+W':W._((:^ZqfedJ`-(3dYf&s8&6-YiSMg0 {v%o+PWh0.=%bMbBr`W[H^hp)4n=z4K4z8u6C~ .52JC Ue|lQiyPo5.Iiv#Z(6{?m1Z?C8SKu<:^N;A@ !M 4/.))Y,TA/av.~7QNR((a>_s?Pklu_~ 2~w_GG?O=Gq~#:~uYq;`H&<@h!?=aL`C9uOG?$}7=y/zh05 L#fr;,hfgWo^~o7?u%*xV#8qe9/&0/>7ED;6b#_%2Ftz.ktZ.Zz|'+~c QcS|,wO5fQsA !6A*3 9 Id[x1 us?' NDD`O;1iX/uWyYqTG{u[sEck9}- wM_F8sS j@yZzG[^&fk:|)}u -X_4gFMn8F $~*GbI(=82u57*O=>eYV*II<"8L D+?PAlqqb514Kp-}{oMUmuojS/,*]NU1 t}6<5?7?4?-5z^."8`d7S,~uC" V#T?pA@Qw_F]4E?*xa&/_O@vL nx<~k qM/gK1("A~{V*V8P0 * xkA|TlrHV8%H2li(odTp+U5YPq5PAip @-'_D2=y$%eXh5i$:]+FufptCY G$7./|6^b0Dfb{pSz`Vq5jaCv-nnJthXk zR rfhjI5UOa5P0H4?qVhhM RVU}j![!q7Ly:, V`i#RvUhjM &kV Lh~iq{c6Ik i?QeW3:Z)Y?bC#Um6h[Ab#]k/&ef32ru.0$7q1jHX^o*b?{(b$yP|G%yvBkcx2goX0y+%<+[ +@ YR@j*2e,0djJ7oU {,1Y&eE'= b.Ql:69Y%cZ-YF& 1msm EE)4K7Zg1cl3oR 5l^3"d<*i4nsou&D+s4]v.TZUt{nCL[y1l~ %kaC/t*YK-I+;/RiS%4[ q' '7.(lK~eZ%(jgAhgIdgU on %"g'"/)pi9DyU$qnn4!-Y+26 L'b' h@yCj fmv^8,PW0['gc)lGl|u2olI%F%DW f R<^8C*bo KOm#V=3 XY=NK1R(#8 $dOt(=FI'59s(RQLiziyVR@t u#{5lXa#VZ7A1k CL]zf{MzFR?dqJ`K=M8u( FF=)H;W4C2GQG"6[ dPI*lyVf6kPGh|Zd0$/d 5+c&(mZP@{3*o{(&CVRT0I<]IC36]R?^}sos$rL 0XFP,L$>"i:('sVvp./q=Lhc% 06>Av9u=X,'}Xgr* 0Yib 9uW,B& 0u>zmyX0@| EH51c2IA<3/0dq0(? =;vPd$9k0$t[?xg,^%>-U:19 _&Oa]LtS:plzn'1ffh.N8(|#mg?8O&W7p@I|X8ots7!U"@tcTyldPzU_~%;U0|)UglFOcBcHa+(nnUu:+FX3vRTaN)8z82{3M 4o~6u33EF?tmVA?p3g>ck6 zct1cvo8V|~ckpl8.:C= cuZ} A8z@^tczKXcKXk>~I_ aWA~t~K/[m.;NK/{g.ym#qtg|F]m|uQ?m%F8]rgYhA?pg}Q?vka+;';;~XA/po~c.:ov?xq?knNc']6&^h.'~0?~KL?a]C^4A8]tbw)4N>}I>}l)a~ iJ[Ca~ u'HOn6J@2EO:HuNZzZ=Ak]['H[T@JZ@2E/:Z2Z5+-z~8WIFA~ uE?:9WsN;BlPSw%`^ u!k=!k5'hNid$#--ze@~ u='g]~.R%R,7zF,7zF5z#L-zthNYn$NYn$;2uuwrhNbLz:Sr5Sz,Z=AVO||J=A''{VOrw=h.Tu&k=ek)ZO9ZgS1EvO;(vW"RS6vQ9Re9uHz u%a~ ujQOZcu@ [+5[+[F={)F}d3l``=qq]>.wF=E#]ZH]|EOba~haE?.-uut6Lzmt|I'Nz$K,Kms'=y{~:;RW|[-V'J^]^:?Wd} +EU{VGNrqScE |]Yc}^;twF |v77.}_>~SX7Eedf p.[k!u.v%_NEQBIS? o/d1*/4 EX+Y-xJ1 8(n|?2)-=- ^1*lDUmlz'jxz.&4l<4kxeyR+P*M+AX )SSu `l]7N"DU5k^c/~mQeh,Vv^ +XW)B/zm#Zq[mH:^|H:H6itqt]dB77xy[5RbBU8K N6O|tfL_f&]c1hoFq[.7QWot8g#yrL}ee;Qy{no8NU0k~66{I:3ryowtm.84x!nz!nx!n6]H_HB]H]H[]H[H[^H[{_H[^H[wFYXwF^;}4u44{luB_Hsis!p/9 488 B_Hsis!p/9 488B_Hs$is!Qp:OtB#_Hsis!Qp/9 4G88B;@./iB;A/iB@/iB@N/iB;@n/iB;A./94wt! _HsH4wt! _HsH4wt!/c.{B7~!}iH#)V+bwj tTiqjg2_HfNvilfW1X=,h*dnOB4YH:XY}$TYa;(/9y,X3k*C=whSXxPD$ea xYd9 O[wS%[*wc+!^0Xyc%,X/<9-`%nRR-|/'Rf$na|*HDbPGb6fD.gd4.oPr)faOx:W3Cea@2JIp_!a+Xf.1p@ C${8<(J!k|DN.KN9aBcgaeN>0ifz >W~`1H"Wq3Q 8Q=}2*3% s" & 2 X8KAwbr %W1|a8nDqUbq|@#RPb()6LxJW_q(^zRv#ZS?^|:e%kbvjY*!h7c>P0O.jlStAz>j?G}w-V'3|=TBm_,)h78N-WCmrWIqPwli!] BPQ/5* ^f]S.qBa+ @| 3t( B0h.GUolDKJx#_u(6^yAE8Kq9(,k5SpGjP1A LPti #

Go here to read the rest:

A Blueprint for Coexistence with Artificial Intelligence - WIRED

Toyota launches venture capital fund targeting artificial intelligence startups – TechCrunch

Toyota is the latest Fortune 500 company to launch an AI focused venture capital fund. The initial early-stage fund will deploy $100 million and operate as a subsidiary of theToyota Research Institute.The automaker has strategically positioned itself as an ROI rather than strategic-focused fund meaning that it aims to profit like any other VC firm.

Jim Adler will serve as managing director of the fund. He has been serving as vice president of Toyota Research and comes from a product background. Adler and the rest of the team at Toyota AI Ventures have made three investments to date. These include:

Nauto Developing driverless car technology

SLAMcore Buildingvisual tracking and mapping algorithms

Intuition Robotics Creating a robot companion for older adults

The team says their strongest value add is helping startups think about what business problems are worth solving. Of course, Toyota Research Institute also brings technical expertise to assist the AI fund with diligence and to help startups make improvements to core technology.

Most of the top founders I speak to tell me that they have little issue raising capital and tend to avoid corporate venture when they can. There is a general anxiety in the market that corporates are not genuine when they promise to be ROI rather than strategic investors. Many question whether even small IP and strategic risk warrants corporate involvement, particularly at the volatile seed stage.

We let startups lead these kinds of discussions, Adler said when asked about this tension. Were not here to extract IP from these investments.

Toyota has structured its fund as a separate company rather than an on-balance-sheet entity to minimize conflicts of interest. The firm expects to follow on and lead both seed and Series A deals.

Running effective corporate venture arms is difficult, and its even more difficult when dealing with AI startups. The capital-saturated AI startup ecosystem needs data, genuine corporate customers and advisors with product expertise. There are exactly four trillion corporate venture arms in the world, but shockingly few get this right fingers crossed Toyota knows what theyre getting themselves into.

Go here to read the rest:

Toyota launches venture capital fund targeting artificial intelligence startups - TechCrunch

Google’s Artificial Intelligence Destroyed the World’s Best Go Player. Then He Gave This Extraordinary Response – Inc.com

It was billed as a battle of human intelligence versus artificial intelligence, man versus machine.

The machine won.

Just over a month ago, a Google computer program named AlphaGo competed against 19-year-old Chinese prodigy Ke Jie, the top-ranked player of what is believed to be the world's most sophisticated board game, Go. (According to Wikipedia, the number of possible moves in Go--a number estimated to be greater than the total count of atoms in the visible universe--vastly outweighs those in chess.)

Soon after losing the decisive second match in a series of three, Ke blamed his loss on the very element that separated him from his foe:

His emotions.

"I was very excited. I could feel my heart bumping," Ke told The New York Times in an interview. "Maybe because I was too excited I made some stupid moves.... Maybe that's the weakest part of human beings."

But this was just the beginning.

Fast forward one month later.

With some time to reflect, Ke Jie said the following in an interview (which was shared on Twitter by Demis Hassabis, founder and CEO of DeepMind, the company that developed AlphaGo):

"After my match against AlphaGo, I fundamentally reconsidered the game, and now I can see that this reflection has helped me greatly. I hope all Go players can contemplate AlphaGo's understanding of the game and style of thinking, all of which is deeply meaningful. Although I lost, I discovered that the possibilities of Go are immense and that the game has continued to progress. I hope that I too can continue to progress, that my golden era will persevere for a few more years, and that I will keep growing stronger."

Absolutely brilliant.

In a few short sentences, Ke demonstrated that what he felt was a weakness--the impact of emotion--was actually his greatest strength.

It's the hurt from losing that caused Ke to engage in self-reflection, caused him to find meaning in his loss. It's emotion that inspired him to pursue growth and progress.

I see this as a remarkable example of emotional intelligence (EI), the ability to make emotions work for you instead of against you. EI is about much more than identifying our natural abilities, tendencies, strengths, and weaknesses. It involves learning to understand, manage, and maximize all of those traits, so that you can:

When we develop emotional intelligence, failure isn't bad. It's just another learning opportunity. It's about cultivating a mindset of continuous growth, continuing the journey of self-improvement.

These are also very "human" elements.

I guess the machines didn't win after all.

See more here:

Google's Artificial Intelligence Destroyed the World's Best Go Player. Then He Gave This Extraordinary Response - Inc.com

Artificial Intelligence Poised to Improve Lives of People With Disabilities – HuffPost

By Shari Trewin, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center and Chair, Association for Computing Machinery Special Interest Group on Accessible Computing (SIGACCESS)

Are you looking forward to a future filled with smart cognitive systems? Does artificial intelligence sound too much like Big Brother? For many of us, these technologies promise more freedom, not less.

One of the distinctive features of cognitive systems is the ability to engage with us, and the world, in more human-like ways. Through advances in machine learning, cognitive systems are rapidly improving their ability to see, to hear, and to interact with humans using natural language and gesture. In the process, they also become more able to support people with disabilities and the growing aging population.

The World Health Organization estimates that 15 percent of the global population lives with some form of disability. By 2050, people aged 60 and older will account for 22 percent of the world's population, with age-related impairments likely to increase as a result.

I'm cautiously optimistic that by the time I need it, my car will be a trusted independent driver. Imagine the difference it will make for those who cannot drive to be able to accept any invitation, or any job offer, without being dependent on having a person or public transport to get them there. . Researchers and companies are also developing cognitive technologies for accessible public transportation. For example, IBM, the CTA (Consumer Technology Association) Foundation, and Local Motors are exploring applications of Watson technologies to developing the world's most accessible self-driving vehicle, able to adapt its communication and personalize the overall experience to suit each passengers unique needs. Such a vehicle could use sign language with deaf people; describe its location and surroundings to blind passengers; recognize and automatically adjust access and seating for those with mobility impairments; and ensure all passengers know where to disembark.

The ability to learn and generalize from examples is another important feature of cognitive technologies. For example, in my smart home, sensors backed by cognitive systems that can interpret their data will learn my normal activity and recognize falls or proactively alert my family or caregivers before a situation becomes an emergency, enabling me to live independently in my own home more safely. My stove will turn itself on when I put a pot on, and I'll tell it "cook this pasta al dente," then go off for a nap, knowing it will turn itself off and has learned the best way to wake me.

All of this may sound futuristic, but in the subfield of computer science known as accessibility research, machine learning and other artificial intelligence techniques are already being applied to tackle obstacles faced by people with disabilities and to support independent aging. For example, people with visual impairments are working with researchers on machine learning applications that will help them navigate efficiently through busy and complex environments, and even to run marathons. Cognitive technologies are being trained to recognize interesting sounds and provide alerts for those with hearing loss; to recognize items of interest in Google Street View images, such as curb cuts and bus stops; to recognize and produce sign language; and to generate text summaries of data, tailored to a specific reading level.

One of the most exciting areas is image analysis. Cognitive systems are learning to describe images for people with visual impairment. Currently, making images accessible to the visually impaired requires a sighted person to write a description of the image that can then be read aloud by a computer to people who can't see the original image. Despite well-established guidelines from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), and legislation in many countries requiring alternative text descriptions for online images, they are still missing in many websites. Cognitive technology for image interpretation may, at last, offer a solution. Facebook is already rolling out an automatic description feature for images uploaded to its social network. It uses cognitive technologies to recognize characteristics of the picture and automatically generates basic but useful descriptions such as "three people, smiling, beach."

The possibilities for cognitive technology to support greater autonomy for people with disabilities are endless. We are beginning to see the emergence of solutions that people could only dream of a decade ago. Cognitive systems, coupled with sensors in our homes, in our cities and on our bodies will enhance our own ability to sense and interpret the world around us, and will communicate with us in whatever way we prefer.

The more that machines can sense and understand the world around us, the more they can help people with disabilities to overcome barriers, by bridging the gap between a person's abilities and the chaotic, messy, demanding world we live in. Big Brother may not be all bad after all.

The Morning Email

Wake up to the day's most important news.

Visit link:

Artificial Intelligence Poised to Improve Lives of People With Disabilities - HuffPost

Taking Flight: Ohio Valley’s Aerospace Exports Take Top Dollars – WEKU

From the outsideSummit Aviation, in the small town of Somerset, Kentucky, looks like any other nondescript, white warehouse. But inside workers craft parts for drones, weapons casings, wing stabilizers and other high-flying products.

Summit is one of many small manufacturers making up the growing aerospace industry in the Ohio Valley. Highly specialized companies are landing in Kentucky and Ohio for the proximity to important raw materials and the promise of some political sway.

Aerospace and aviation have a long history in the region Ohio gave us the Wright Brothers, after all. A lot has changed since the two decided theyd find a way to fly. Now aerospace products are among the regions top-dollar exports.

Aircraft and their parts are now Ohios second-highest value exports. In Kentucky, aerospace products are at the top of the export value list, exceeding other manufactured goods and traditional commodities such as coal and agricultural exports.

Scott Roush, director of manufacturing at Summit, said there are a couple of reasons for locating in a rural part of Kentucky. One is that its inCongressman Hal Rogers district.

Were here and there are a number of other defense contractors here because of the congressmen, said Roush.

Rogers represents eastern Kentuckys 5th district and serves on powerfuldefense and spending committees. Roush said the congressman approached Sikorsky a decade ago and asked the company to put work in Somerset. He said that connection has helped Summit get its foot in the door.

So when we go and say, Were Summit Aviation with 50 employees, and youre going in to meet with a billion-dollar corporation, they may not take you seriously unless you have that extra push to say, Hey, at least let these people in and let them show you what they can do, Roush said.

In an emailed statement Rogers said, bringing new industry to southern and eastern Kentucky has been a top priority.

Supply and Defense

Summit is whats known as a build-to-print facility. Clients send blueprints and the company builds according to those plans. Many of Summits products, such as wing stabilizers, are sent to legendary helicopter makersSikorsky, and could later become part of one of the Armys Black Hawk helicopters. About 70 percent of the work at Summit is for defense contracts and Roush said that makes the supply chain important.

Especially on the defense side there are specific limitations to where you can get, what countries you can get raw materials from, Roush said.

Defense contractors must comply withlawsspecifying that material formilitary contractsbe sourced domestically.

That highlights another one of the regions strong selling points: Century Aluminum in Hawesville, Kentucky. Century is just 166 miles northwest of Somerset and is home to the countryslast smelterproducing high-purity aluminum, which is used for many aerospace products.

It makes sense for the smelting operation to be reasonably close to one of their major customers, said Dan Stohr, communications director for the Aerospace Industries Association.

Stohr said about 90 percent of exports in the aerospace industry are for commercial aircraft. Most parts for defense contracts stay in the country. He said once a part is made, the same company will often also provide most maintenance, generating more revenue for the manufacturer.

Its cheaper and easier for a major company to buy those finished products as opposed to finishing them, themselves. And so from an economic standpoint these small shops provide an invaluable service, Stohr said.

The Jobs Picture

Stohr said this industry also provides a lot of high-skill, quality jobsabout 2.4 million nationwide.

But the regions dependence on smaller companies could also have some downsides. Mike Shields is a workforce researcher atPolicy Matters Ohio, a nonprofit, labor-leaning research institute. He said hes skeptical about the quality of the jobs in the regions aerospace sector.

People who are in the same type of job are oftentimes not earning as high of wages and are not experiencing the same job quality in some of these smaller firms than they do in a comparable role in a well-recognized firm, Shields said.

Shields said traditionally manufacturing jobs are stable high-paying jobs, but that isnt necessarily a given anymore. Hes also concerned about how successful the aerospace industry can be in the long run if its made up of small businesses.

Its harder for them to be profitable, Shields said. He explained that smaller companies making interchangeable component parts are easily undercut by competitors. He said a companys products must be unique in order to stand out in the supply network.

On the manufacturing floor of Summit Aviation, workers check off on each step of their work on the various projects going on. These days theres another element in the industrys political picture: a new President who wants to beef up defense and domestic aluminum production.

The perception is that a Republican-led government will lead to more defense spending. But I dont think weve seen the effect of that, Roush said.

Roush said its too early to tell if his industry will hit new heights, but talk of increased spending, proximity to materials, and being in a political players back yard doesnt hurt their chances.

View original post here:

Taking Flight: Ohio Valley's Aerospace Exports Take Top Dollars - WEKU