Hong Kong’s Chinese medicine doctors ‘could help during flu crisis’ – South China Morning Post

The citys 18 government-supported Chinese medicine clinics could take up to 30 per cent more patients than they are currently, to help with the overload at public hospitals caused by the summer flu peak period, a senior Hospital Authority official has said.

Eric Ziea Tat-chi, chief of the authoritys Chinese medicine department, said traditional remedies could help alleviate some symptoms of the illness, but that his doctors had not had anything like the huge increase in demand seen at mainstream public hospitals lately.

Zieas announcement came as doctors and nurses struggle to cope with throngs of patients hit by a summer flu strain that has killed more than 200 people since May.

On Sunday, emergency rooms at mainstream public hospitals dealt with 5,562 people and admitted 831, helping to push the occupancy rate at medical wards up to 110 per cent of capacity.

How worried should you be about Hong Kongs unusual flu outbreak?

The 18 public Chinese medicine centres jointly managed by the authority, three local universities and 10 non-governmental organisations got more than 27,300 visits for flu symptoms from April 1 to last Thursday, or just under 250 per day. Ziea said the number of flu patients his clinics treated was up by 1.5 per cent on the same period last year.

We havent seen a massive influx of patients yet. We would closely monitor with the operating NGOs and adjust operating hours and manpower if necessary, Ziea said.

The 18 clinics handled more than 1.1 million patient visits last year, or an average of about 5,000 visits per clinic each month.

As the authoritys Chinese medicine outpatient services provide only 1.1 per cent of primary care services in the city, Ziea said he expected there would be room to treat more patients with the current level of manpower.

The rest of the citys primary care mostly comes from private general practitioners, who provide 56.8 per cent of it, with the remainder almost entirely coming from mainstream public hospitals and private Chinese medicine practitioners.

Our outpatient clinics should be able to absorb 20 to 30 per cent more patient visits, Ziea said. There should not be a problem with extending service hours too.

Lam issues action call in hospitals flu crisis

While Ziea said there was no scientific evidence that Chinese medicine was more effective than its Western equivalent at treating flu, he said experience from practitioners showed the traditional Chinese approach helped relieve symptoms like prolonged coughing and unresolved sputum.

Professor Chen Wei, chief of Chinese medicine service at Yan Chai Chinese Medicine Centre for Training and Research, said the surge in flu cases this summer was due to abnormal weather.

It is really hot and humid this summer, with an unusually high amount of rainfall, Chen said. Traditional Chinese medicine practitioners believe the cause of flu is related to the environment.

Chen said unhealthy lifestyle and eating habits, like staying up late at night or drinking too many cold drinks, could make the body more vulnerable to flu.

He said brewing tea from chrysanthemum, mint and perillae folium together, with 3 grams of each ingredient, and taking it three to five times weekly, could help prevent flu during the summer.

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Hong Kong's Chinese medicine doctors 'could help during flu crisis' - South China Morning Post

Former dean of medicine at University of Southern California accused of holding drug-filled parties – New York Daily News

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Former dean of medicine at University of Southern California accused of holding drug-filled parties - New York Daily News

Biologics: The pricey drugs transforming medicine – San Francisco … – San Francisco Chronicle

(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.)

Ian Haydon, University of Washington

(THE CONVERSATION) In a factory just outside San Francisco, theres an upright stainless steel vat the size of a small car, and its got something swirling inside.

The vat is studded with gauges, hoses and pipes. Inside, its hot just under 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Sugar and other nutrients are being pumped in because, inside this formidable container, there is life.

Scientists are growing cells in there. Those cells, in turn, are growing medicine. Every two weeks or so, the hot, soupy liquid inside gets strained and processed. The purified molecules that result will eventually be injected into patients with Stage IV cancer.

Drugs that are made this way inside living cells are called biologics. And theyre taking medicine by storm. By 2016, biologics had surged to make up 25 percent of the total pharmaceutical market, bringing in US$232 billion, with few signs their upward trend will slow.

Common medicines such as aspirin, antacids and statins are chemical in nature. Though many were initially discovered in the wild (aspirin is a cousin of a compound in willow bark, the first statin was found in a fungus), these drugs are now made nonbiologically.

Conventional medicines are stitched together by chemists in large factories using other chemicals as building blocks. Their molecular structures are well defined and relatively simple. Aspirin, for example, contains just 21 atoms (nine carbons, eight hydrogens and four oxygens) bonded together to form a particular shape. A single aspirin tablet even kid-sized contains trillions of copies of the drug molecule.

Biologic drugs are a different story. This class of medication is not synthesized chemically instead they are harvested directly from biology, as their name suggests. Most modern biologics are assembled inside vats or bioreactors that house genetically engineered microbes or mammalian cell cultures. Efforts are underway to make them in plants.

Biologic drugs can be whole cells, alive or dead. They can be the biomolecules produced by cells, like antibodies, which are normally secreted by our immune systems B cells. Or they can be some of the internal components of cells, like enzymes.

Biologics are typically much larger molecules than those found in conventional pharmaceuticals, and in many cases their exact composition is unknown (or even unknowable). Youre unlikely to find biologic drugs in tablet form they tend to be delicate molecules that are happiest in liquid solution.

While biologics are one of the fastest-growing drug categories in the U.S., they arent exactly new. The Biologics Control Act, passed in 1902, was the first law aimed at ensuring the safety of some of the earliest biologics vaccines. Congress was moved to pass the law after a contaminated batch of diphtheria shots left 13 children dead. Jim, the horse from which the diphtheria antitoxin had been extracted, had contracted tetanus.

Fortunately, scientists have dramatically improved the way they manufacture biologic drugs since then. For starters, the recombinant DNA revolution of the 1970s means that drug makers no longer have to extract many of the most important biologics from whole animals.

The gene that codes for human insulin, for example, can be pasted into a microbe which will happily churn out the drug in bulk. After a multi-million dollar purification process, the injectable insulin that results is indistinguishable from the version a healthy human body would produce. This is how some forms of insulin are made today.

Both conventional and biologic drugs work by interacting with our own biology. Most conventional drugs function as inhibitors theyre just the right size and shape to jam themselves into some molecular cog in our cells. Aspirins pain-reducing power comes from its ability to disrupt an enzyme in the body called cyclooxygenase, an important player in pain signaling.

Conventional drug discovery largely consists of finding new compounds that specifically disrupt only disease-associated processes. Because these drugs are quite small, and because the inside of any cell is a sea of other molecular components, finding a new small drug that blocks only problematic processes is tricky. Off-target interactions can produce side effects of all types.

The large size of biologic drugs can be an asset here. An antibody, for example, has lots of specific points of contact with its target. This enables therapeutic antibody drugs to bind with extreme precision only their target molecule should be an exact match. This binding can lead to inhibitory effects, much like a conventional drug might. In some cases, therapeutic antibodies can also stimulate the immune system in a problem area, like at a tumor, prompting the body to take it out.

Many biologics target molecular processes that no conventional drug can, and they can treat a growing list of diseases. Cancer treatments dominate the list, but since 2011 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved new protein-based biologics for the treatment of Lupus, Crohns disease, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, kidney failure, asthma and high cholesterol.

New types of biologic drugs continue to emerge as well. In late 2015, the FDA approved a first-of-its-kind treatment for patients with advanced melanoma: an engineered herpes virus. Researchers genetically programmed the virus, called T-VEC, to target only cancerous cells, and it can also prompt the immune system to start wiping out cancer. Additional virus-based therapies are currently working their way through the lengthy U.S. drug approval process.

Amgen, the company that produces T-VEC, estimates it will cost an average of $65,000 per patient and that doesnt come close to topping the list of priciest biologic medications. The most expensive drug ever made recently won approval by the FDA. Brineura, a biweekly enzyme replacement therapy produced by BioMarin Pharmaceutical, delays the loss of walking in individuals with a rare genetic disorder. Its price tag? $27,000 per injection, or more than $700,000 for a full years treatment.

The steep prices of biologic drugs are alarming to many patients, physicians and researchers. In an effort to drive costs down, provisions of the Obama administrations Affordable Care Act accelerated the approval process for new biologics intended to compete with already approved medicines. Like generic drugs, so-called biosimilars are designed to be interchangeable with the biologic they seek to replace.

Unlike generic versions of conventional drugs, however, biosimilar drugs are often only similar to not identical with their competition. This means these complex drugs still require lengthy and expensive trials of their own to make sure theyre effective and safe. Because of this, the Federal Trade Commission estimates that biosimilars may only produce an overall 10 to 30 percent discount for patients.

Cost-cutting innovations in the biologic production pipeline are desperately needed. The FDA has called on scientists and drug developers to invent biosimilars that resemble FDA-approved medicines and to develop the tools needed to quickly demonstrate their safety.

As this promising class of drugs continues to grow in number and popularity, their lifesaving power will be limited if costs make them inaccessible to patients who need them.

This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article here: http://theconversation.com/biologics-the-pricey-drugs-transforming-medicine-80258.

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Biologics: The pricey drugs transforming medicine - San Francisco ... - San Francisco Chronicle

Tom Brady compares doubts about holistic medicine to lack of action on climate change – Boston.com

Despite his cautious public brand, Tom Brady has never been muted in his advocacy of holistic medicine or his criticism of Western health practices. And in a Sports Illustrated piece Monday, the New England Patriots quarterback offered a theory as to why his approach to health hasnt been more commonly adopted in the sports world.

During a conversation about his fitness regimen with soccer star Didier Drogba, the two fellow 39-year-olds talked about their regimented fitness routines. Brady compared the general hesitance to accept holistic medicine he embraces to the lack of political action on climate change, alluding to the fossil fuel industrys efforts opposing efforts to address the issue. Per SI:

A quick word from the sensei, who thinks that teams throughout sports will eventually use body coaches like (Bradys fitness coach) Guerrero. Brady believes theyll look to Eastern medicine and alternative therapies they now avoid.

Why dont teams take a more holistic approach? Brady asks. Thats like the debate on climate change. Why havent we done anything about it? Well, theres a lot of money on the other side of it.

Brady whose strict diet and fitness routine has become lore suggested it could catch on as athletes like him become increasingly interested in their health to prolong their careers.

The normally politics-averse quarterbacks climate change comments should come as no surprise, given his wife Gisele Bndchens outspokenness on the issue.

Last November, Brady posted a clip of Bndchens appearance on a National Geographic series on climate change, in which the Brazilian supermodel spoke about her responsibility as a human being to bring awareness to something that I feel is vital for our existence.

Im so proud of her work as a correspondent bringing awareness and consciousness to whats happening with our climate! Brady wrote at the time.

As the Patriots were visiting President Donald Trump a personal friend of Brady, who recently withdrew the United States from the Paris climate agreement and has questioned the existence of global warming last April, Bndchen tweeted support for an anti-Trump climate rally.

I think now people are just more kinda feeling like, you know, I have to take the matters to my own hands, Bndchen recently told CBS News, referring to the issue. Like, I have to get educated. I have to learn. I have to kind of figure out how are we gonna do this.

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Tom Brady compares doubts about holistic medicine to lack of action on climate change - Boston.com

As new students arrive, impact of medical school continues to grow – WDBJ7

ROANOKE, Va. (WDBJ7) The Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine is welcoming the class of 2021.

Monday morning, the new students posed for photographs on the steps of the school.

It's a select group. The school received more than 4,400 applications for 42 slots.

This year for the first time, there are more women in the class than men.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

They're new to Roanoke, and ready to get to work.

And the excitement shows on the faces of the medical school's newest students.

David Shahmanyan is medical student from California.

"I'm on the moon," he told us. "I'm so excited. I'm feeling like my whole life has been leading to this moment. I've known since I was a kid that I wanted to be a doctor and I feel like now I get to finally live my dream."

Classmate Tien Nguyen is from northern Virginia, and is now getting to know the Roanoke Valley.

"I just fell in love with the mountains on the drive here, and I'm excited to see what the city has to offer."

The success of the Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine can be measured in many ways, says founding Dean Cynda Johnson. In the school's outreach to the community, for example.

"Our students are very active in the community. they work at Bradley Free Clinic," Johnson said. "They even have their own night VTCSOM night when the patients are all seen by our students, supervised by our faculty. They tutor. Really the list goes on and on."

And since the medical school was established, the number of physicians at Carilion Clinic has grown from about 460 to 680.

Nick Conte is Senior Vice President with Carilion Clinic.

"Looking back, it serves as the cornerstone perhaps for an ecosystem around research and education and technology in the health sciences," Conte said. "And that's a really huge advance for us as a region, I think, and something that will pay dividends, in my view, for decades."

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As new students arrive, impact of medical school continues to grow - WDBJ7

KCU Joplin students start medical school with ‘white-coating’ ceremony – Joplin Globe

For Kelly Thompson, the opportunity to finally receive her white physicians coat Monday was surreal.

Ive been working toward this for the longest time, and its finally here, she said.

The Indianapolis resident was one of 162 students who make up the inaugural class of the new Joplin campus of the Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences. The class of 2021 took part Monday in a formal "white-coating" ceremony to mark the start of their four-year journey through medical school.

Paula Gregory, dean of the Joplin campus, said the white coats are a way for students to share the traditions of medicine as well as a means of staying connected with the school and the community.

The white coat is a symbol of a doctor, a person who teaches, advises and is privileged to know the inner workings of a patients life, she said during the ceremony, which took place at Joplin High School. It is the accomplishment of becoming a true medical student.

Marc Hahn, president of KCU, told class members that they will set the example for future generations of medical students who will follow them through KCU Joplin. The campus has a mission of educating future health care providers that can practice in underserved and rural areas of the country.

To the class of 2021: You are pioneers in a new era of medical education, one that will make a difference in meeting the medical and rural health needs of Southwest Missouri, this region and the nation, he said.

The class is representative of a wide swath of the United States, with students coming from California, New York and nearly everywhere in between. The international scene is also represented, with students hailing from Canada, Singapore, South Korea, Syria, Russia, Italy, Iraq and Lebanon.

Many students come from the middle part of the country, from as far south as Texas and as far north as Michigan and Wisconsin. A large portion come from more regional areas, including Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma and Arkansas.

And local applicants were not overlooked. A handful of students come from the Joplin area, with at least nine being graduates of Missouri Southern State University and two coming from Pittsburg (Kansas) State University.

Harmeet Kaur, from Stoney Creek, Ontario, applied to both the Kansas City and Joplin campuses of KCU after researching the school online. She said she was happy to be accepted to the inaugural Joplin class.

I was very excited because its a new school, and there are more opportunities to start new things, like clubs and activities, she said. I felt like (KCU Joplin) would be the best school to give me the best education as a physician.

Kaur said she also was ecstatic to receive her official white coat.

This is something Ive waited many years for, she said.

Nathan Field, from Spokane, Washington, said it felt right when he received his acceptance letter from KCU Joplin.

I had a couple of options (for medical school), and this one, I knew it was well thought of and that Id get the education I wanted, he said.

Dressed afterward in his white coat, Field said the ceremony could mean only one thing I guess now it means its time to go to work, he said.

Upcoming

A second white-coating ceremony, for incoming students of the Kansas City campus, will be held Saturday.

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KCU Joplin students start medical school with 'white-coating' ceremony - Joplin Globe

High school students get peek at medical school life – Tufts Now

BOSTON (July 24, 2017)Ready to learn about diabetes, asthma, halitosis, cancer disparities and more, 22 high school students from around Massachusetts have been at Tufts University School of Medicine for five weeks to take part in the Teachers and High School Students program, an annual summer program providing students interested in the health professions with educational experiences and guidance from faculty mentors.

The Teachers and High School Students (TAHSS) program, which began at Tufts in 1989, fosters the interest students in grades 10-12 have in careers in science, medicine and health. During the five-week program, the students are tutored by Tufts dental and medical school students in gross anatomy, physical diagnosisand aspects of general and specialty dentistry and nutrition, andparticipate in team-building field trips across the Boston areaand spend up to 25 hours working with a faculty member in a clinic or science lab on an independent research project, which they present to family, friends and faculty at the end of the program. Tufts admissions representatives also provide students with information on the college application process and financial aid.

Many future scientists, technicians and physicians take biology in high school and want to learn more; TAHSS introduces students to the next couple of steps through mentoring and applied science, said Joyce A. Sackey, M.D., dean for multicultural affairs and global health at Tufts University School of Medicine. Programs like TAHSS help prepare students for what they might experience in an academic and research setting, and help them to see the connection between the work we do and real life challenges facing their community.

This years program runs June 28 July 28. The students will present their research projects this Friday at a celebration on Tufts Boston Health Sciences campus.

Participating in the program this year are:

Salina Amanuel Roslindale, MA (Wayland High School)

Nadim Barakat North Attleboro, MA (Al-Noor Academy)

Sarah Barnes Chelsea, MA (Chelsea High School)

Cole Bassett Framingham, MA (Framingham High School)

Evans Berreondo Brighton, MA (Boston Latin School)

Diego Caldern Arlington, MA (Arlington High School)

Seldine Chambers-Sutton Springfield, MA (Springfield High School of Science and Technology)

Justin Fenton Lynnfield, MA (KIPP Academy Lynn Collegiate)

Anagha Kumar Hopkinton, MA (Hopkinton High School)

Loi Ly Dorchester, MA (Boston Latin Academy)

Kathleen Mungai Lowell, MA (Lowell High School)

Nadine Najah Danvers, MA (Pioneer Charter School of Science II)

Dang Nguyen Boston (Boston Latin Academy)

Athena Nol-Mao Lowell, MA (Lowell High School)

Chidinma Nwodo Hyde Park, MA (Needham High School)

Izu Nwodo Hyde Park, MA (Needham High School)

Karina Perez Springfield, MA (Springfield Central High School)

Ariana Rauch Boston (Boston Latin School)

Goranit Sakunchotpanit Braintree, MA (Braintree High School)

Sunny Tang Carlisle, MA (Concord-Carlisle Regional High School)

Kayla Tat Boston (Josiah Quincy Upper School)

Sophia Tran Dorchester, MA (Boston Latin School)

TAHSS is open to all students but encourages applicants from members of groups that are under-represented in medicine and science and members of economically and educationally disadvantaged communities.

The institutions hosting the students this year are Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Tufts Medical Center and Baystate Medical Center.

The Teachers and High School Students program is one of Tufts signature initiatives to mentor students of diverse backgrounds with aspirations of careers in medicine, dental medicine, biomedical sciences and health. It is one of a number ofpipeline programsat Tufts University School of Medicine and the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences at Tufts. Tufts offers programs for students in middle school, high school and college, as well as college graduates.

The Teachers and High School Students program is funded by Tufts University School of Medicine.

###

About Tufts University School of Medicine and the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences

Tufts University School of Medicine and the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences are international leaders in medical and population health education and advanced research. Tufts University School of Medicine emphasizes rigorous fundamentals in a dynamic learning environment to educate physicians, scientists, and public health professionals to become leaders in their fields. The School of Medicine and the Sackler School are renowned for excellence in education in general medicine, the biomedical sciences, and public health, as well as for research at the cellular, molecular, and population health level. The School of Medicine is affiliated with six major teaching hospitals and more than 30 health care facilities. Tufts University School of Medicine and the Sackler School undertake research that is consistently rated among the highest in the nation for its effect on the advancement of medical and prevention science.

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High school students get peek at medical school life - Tufts Now

What Happens When Liberty Fails to Deliver – New York Times

Photo Chrystia Freeland, Canadas foreign affairs minister, speaking in Parliament, June 6, 2017. Credit Chris Wattie/Reuters

THE RETREAT OF WESTERN LIBERALISM By Edward Luce 234 pp. Atlantic Monthly Press. $24.

On June 6, 2017, the Canadian foreign minister made an extraordinary speech to that countrys Parliament. Rather than outlining a specific policy proposal or program, Chrystia Freeland chose instead to defend the current international system what many call the liberal international order and argue that Canada must play a vital role in defending, supporting and strengthening it. The reason for this urgency, she implied, was that it faced various threats, not least that the United States of America, the country that had built, nurtured and sustained this order, now seemed disposed to shrug off the burden of world leadership. To say this is not controversial, she noted. It is simply a fact. In an almost elegiac fashion, she thanked the United States for its seven-decades-long contribution to our shared peace and prosperity, implying that the era of America as steward of the international system was over. She never mentioned Donald Trump by name, but the speech was about him.

That the foreign minister of one of Americas closest and most like-minded allies should feel the need to deliver a eulogy to American leadership tells us that many around the globe sense a systemic crisis. To understand the nature of this crisis, we could not find a better guide than Edward Luces The Retreat of Western Liberalism. An important caveat: Luce, a highly regarded columnist for The Financial Times, is not using the word liberal in its American, partisan sense, but rather in its older sense. Liberalism here means the tradition of liberty and democracy and, by extension, the open, rules-based international economic and political system that has characterized the Western world since 1945, and many more parts of the globe since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. Luce argues that the ideas and values that organized these societies internally and externally are now under mortal threat.

I suspect that Luce came to the view that animates this book while working on his last one, Time to Start Thinking: America in the Age of Descent. In that book, Luce documented in unsparing detail the ways in which the United States was in economic decay. He painted a vivid and prescient picture of the hollowed-out towns and counties that once made up Americas manufacturing, mining and agricultural heartland, places that are now well known and much talked about. He described the world of what he called everyday Americans, who had not seen a rise in their incomes in almost a generation and who, as a consequence, watched their communities and families fall apart. As Luce says in this new book, the key problem is the backlash of the Wests middle classes, who are the biggest losers in a global economy that has been working for most everyone else.

He argues that just as economics has been failing to deliver, so has politics. The end of the Cold War ushered in an age of technocracy in which both parties huddled around the center, offering a variety of tax cuts on the one hand and targeted government interventions on the other. Referring to the left-wing parties move to the center, Luce quotes a scholar, Jan-Werner Mller, who said, The third way turned elections into a mere choice between Coke and Pepsi. If economic divisions seemed to narrow, cultural ones have grown, involving issues like immigration, race and religion, over which divisions are stark and compromise is seen as betrayal. The result is two angry teams, unable to trust the other at all, no matter what facts or evidence suggests. Despair about their circumstances and bitterness toward elites have left Middle America so cynical about the truth, Luce writes, that it will take its script from a political version of pro wrestling. All this has made American politics dysfunctional and paralyzed. If Americas share of the global economy has declined, its political model has slipped even more in global esteem.

At the same time, Luce points out, there is the challenge to the Western order from newly rising powers. He quickly sketches out a mostly familiar story of the economic emergence of China and the inevitable expansion of its influence in Asia and perhaps beyond. This is bringing it into conflict with the global superpower and, under Trump, Luce writes, the two great countries seem almost destined to stray into some kind of crisis. He doesnt dwell on this prospect much; he is far more consumed by his larger story of the economic and political decay of the West.

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What Happens When Liberty Fails to Deliver - New York Times

Basketball: No summer vacation for annual Liberty hoops league … – Carroll County Times

Skill development, building team chemistry, and getting noticed.

Those are among the things that basketball coaches stress to the young players competing at Liberty High in the Steve Johnson Memorial Summer League, which finished up varsity play Monday night.

Wins and losses and statistics are more important during the high school season in the winter.

"A lot of these girls are freshmen and sophomores," said Westminster coach Dave Urban, who was filling in for Shawn Minnier. "We see a lot of these girls in the [junior varsity] league Wednesday night as well. It's all about playing at a higher pace, with more confidence and playing team defense and team offense. They have to go out and create and adjust to what their teammates are doing."

The league which features teams from six county high schools might be most important to the players at Winters Mill. The Falcons had nine players on their roster for the semifinal game the Blue Angels, and seven of them were freshmen.

"They are playing a lot of basketball and learning the game," said Winters Mill coach Dick Ebersole, who was filling in for coach Dave Wynne.

KEN KOONS/STAFF PHOTO

Winters Mills Veronica Paylor looks to pass against Marriotts Ridge during their game Monday in Eldersburg.

Winters Mills Veronica Paylor looks to pass against Marriotts Ridge during their game Monday in Eldersburg. (KEN KOONS/STAFF PHOTO)

League commissioner Barry Green agrees.

"The purpose is for the girls to get better every week," said Green, who coaches the Liberty varsity team. "They have to understand the philosophies of their coaches and schools, but also the synergy of playing with their teammates."

Many of the league's players were eager for Monday night's games.

It marked perhaps the biggest night of the summer with the playoff semifinals and the championship game both taking place.

The Blue Angels a travel squad comprised of players from five different counties cruised to the title, beating Winters Mill 67-11 in the final.

Guard/forward Jasmine Pickey led the Blue Angels, who finished the six-week season with a 11-0 record, with 12 points in the title game.

Guard/forward Addi Hill paced Winters Mill (5-6) with four points.

"We are glad we made the championship," said guard Allie Cullison, a rising freshman at Winters Mill. "I think our team has come a long ways."

KEN KOONS/STAFF PHOTO

Westminsters Natalie Dorsey moves the ball against the Blue Angels during their Steve Johnson Memorial Summer League semifinal game Monday in Eldersburg.

Westminsters Natalie Dorsey moves the ball against the Blue Angels during their Steve Johnson Memorial Summer League semifinal game Monday in Eldersburg. (KEN KOONS/STAFF PHOTO)

Winters Mill cruised to a 43-18 semifinal win over Marriotts Ridge (6-5).

Natalie Berry (6 points), Cullison (6), Addi Hill (6), Gabbi Mancini (5), Veronica Paylor (5), Amaya Wells (5), Riley Morano (4), Chelsey Acha (4), Audrey Larsen (1), and Tamyra Timmons (1) accounted for the Falcons' scoring.

Winters Mill jumped out to a 8-2 lead and led 24-12 at halftime in a game which has 20 minute running halves.

The Falcons quickly turned the game into a blowout in the second half.

In the other semifinal, the Blue Angels beat Westminster, 51-19.

Urban praised the play of guards Mallory Phillips and Nicole Roberts and forwards Sophia Diehl and Emily Hynson.

The Owls finished 6-5 in the league, which also featured county teams from Century (1-9), Francis Scott Key (5-5), Liberty (4-6), and South Carroll (2-8).

The boys league concluded last Monday, with Liberty taking the championship in defeating Glenelg in the finals.

The annual summer league was renamed in 2014 in honor of Johnson, the Lions' former boys varsity basketball coach who died in 2011.

tworgo@baltsun.com

410-857-7896

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Basketball: No summer vacation for annual Liberty hoops league ... - Carroll County Times

Liberty Park fireworks wow thousands on Pioneer Day – KUTV 2News

Liberty Park fireworks wow thousands on Pioneer Day (Photo: KUTV)

(KUTV) Thousands of people gathered at Salt Lake City's Liberty Park to celebrate Pioneer Day and watch the annual fireworks display.

Prior to the show, people lounged, played, ate, and checked out the park's rides and concessions.

Veronica Johnson kept some of those people entertained on a train that chugged -- slowly -- around the park.

"This is my first year running the train," Johnson said. "It's pretty crowded."

While the train traveled maybe four or five miles per hour, it was a much faster pace for her coworkers inside the nearby food stand.

"This is the business day of the year for us," said Craig Silverstein, owner of Liberty Park Rides and Concessions. He helped keep people full and happy as they waited for the big fireworks show.

"They spend the whole day here," Silverstein said. "It's busy all day long."

Pioneer Day is something he looks forward to all year, but it's probably a good thing he has a year to recover.

"Wild madhouse, inside and out," Silverstein said. "I also look forward to it ending!"

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Liberty Park fireworks wow thousands on Pioneer Day - KUTV 2News

Liberty Avenue in Pittsburgh to get turning lane, traffic light upgrade … – Tribune-Review

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Liberty Avenue in Pittsburgh to get turning lane, traffic light upgrade ... - Tribune-Review

Liberty Lunch Might Be Coming Back, But Where Did It Come From? – KUT

What's in a name? Well, a lot at least for those in Austins vibrant restaurant, live music andcondimentscenes.

Earlier this month,Stubb'sAustin Restaurant Co. settled a trademark dispute with McCormick and Co., and its subsidiary One World Foods, so that McCormick will be theonlycompany that can use the nameStubb's.

So now, the Maryland spice company that owns the Austin sauce company is no longer allowing the Austin barbecue spot and music venue to use the nickname of the man that opened the restaurant.

Perhaps anticipating that this might happen,the restaurant Stubb's filed paperwork to claim the name "Liberty Lunch," sending a collective record skip that could be heard all the way toAntones the record store, not the club. (Incidentally, the twoAntone'sbusinessesare owned by different companies.)

Stubbsregistering the name Liberty Lunch raised several questions like, "Can they do that?" and Will the new brand stick?

A brand is like a handshake. Its a promise," saidMitchBaranowski, a creative director and branding expert based in New York."Its a promise that youre going to deliver on a certain product, or service, or experience. And these days, what a lot of consumers really want is an authentic brand experience."

To get that authentic brand experience, he says, you need heritage, sincerity and quality.Stubbsis losing some of that heritage its namesake as a result of the lawsuit.

C.B.Stubblefieldloved music," Baranowski said. "His original West Texas restaurant was frequented by so many great Texas musicians, from Joe Ely, Tom T. Hall, many others."

It was in Elys house that Stubblefieldbegan to bottle his sauce for sale,accordingStubbswebsite the sauce company, not the restaurant.

"They used to jam at his place all the time and that continued when he moved it to Austin," Baranowski said. "So, the live music component, that part of the brand heritage will be called up when they move over to the new name Liberty Lunch.

A Dive

If that name doesnt ring a bell, here's a primer for those of you too young or too new to Austin.

Liberty Lunch was one of the city's storied live music venues. It hit its stride in the1980sand'90s, booking a whos who of music. Located in the middle of what are now high-rises and boutiques, Liberty Lunch thrived without anyaesthetics.

I think that was the beauty of the place," saidKUTX's Susan Castle, who says she used to go to Liberty Lunch two to three times a week."It was a dive, a complete dive. It had half a roof on. But they had so many big names come through before they got big."

Great music, I mean thats what it was known for, right? saidBaranowski, who lived in Austin while attending undergrad and graduate school at the University of Texas.So, youd go see Michael Johnson and the Killer Bees, or Twang Twang Shock-A-Boom or the Reivers.

TheReivers were regulars at Liberty Lunch. You may know the band by its original name, Zeitgeist, which it had to change after a lawsuit.

A lot of those times, back in those college days, we couldnt quite afford the cover charge, so we might sit out on the curb eating our beans and rice from LaZonaRosa," Baranowski said. "But as I started working more and more around town, I had the means to pay the hefty $5 to $6 cover. Great sweaty, rocking nights at the Liberty Lunch."

"You could go right up to the stage and get just washed over [by] the sound of the Funky Meters, Castle said.

It was one of those places that many who were in Austin at the time remember fondly. It closed in 1999 to make way for the new City Hall and two office buildings.

Liberty Lunch's last owners,MarkPratzand Jeanette Ward, were not all that fond of the weird name, according to The Austin Chronicle. And that may make you wonder how it even got the name.

A Lumber Yard

If you dont know what theoriginalLiberty Lunch was, here's a primer for those of you too young or too new to Austin.

The clubs original owners, ShannonSedwickand Michael Shelton, bought the lease way back in 1975 from a guy who was running an open-air bar.

[There were] pickled eggs on the counter, with one with a bite taken out of it and put back in. It was just pretty much a dive, Sedwick said. "It was funky, very, very funky."

Sedwickand Shelton have had a hand in the development of a number of Austin night spots, most famously Esthers Follies, which they still own. Back in 75, they brought music to Liberty Lunch, booking local bands likeBetoy LosFairlanesand The Lotions.

All the outside was still pretty much the way it had been from the early days when it was a lumber yard, Sedwick said.

Wait. Lumber yard?

A Burger Stand

So, if you dont know what the original, original Liberty Lunch was, here's a primer for those of you too young or too new.

At one time, Austins warehouse district was more than inexpensive real estate to start music clubs; the warehouses were usedto house wares.

CalcasieuLumber was one of if not the biggest building suppliers in Austin. If you live in an old home in town, theres a reasonable chance that there areCalcasieubeams somewhere in the structure.

Supplying lumber and hardware to much of Austin required a lot of warehouse space.

We had a window department, an appliance store, an architectural mill plant, the main office these were all in different buildings down there in theSecondandThird Street area. But our main office was onSecondStreet, said Nick Morris, the former president ofCalcasieu. His grandfather Bill Drake started the business.

The company owned much of the land around this one building without a roof.

I ate [in that building] all the time, but, no, that was not ours," he said. "That was a restaurant, and I had plenty of hamburgers there at Liberty Lunch. Idont remember how it got its name; I know that a blind man owned it. And if you went in there often, I dont know if he could detect your voice or your footsteps or whatever, but hed call you by name.

Now were getting to the bottom of it.

According to Sedwick, the Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired owned the space.

"They had named it Liberty Lunch and then painted over that part of the building," she said. "And so when we uncovered that paint on the front of the building, that name came out. We just discovered it by happy accident, and thats why we named it Liberty Lunch.

But thats where the origin story ends in a mystery. The Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired doesnt have any record of a program onSecondStreet. The school says official records of off-site programs go back only so far.

Back then, there was a federal program for the blind to be employed specifically in the operation of vending facilities, which included cafeterias, snack bars and, later, vending machines. It's possible that the burger stand was run by an individual in the program who could have had a hand in establishing the name.

Brand New

If you dont know what Liberty Lunch will be, youre not alone.

It just seems to me you shouldnt take somebodys built-up brand and utilize it again," Sedwick said. "I wouldnt like it if somebody tried to call something Armadillo World Headquarters, either. Those things are special. They should be special."

Thats why Im a little bummed thatStubbsmay get the name Liberty Lunch," Castle said, "because I want Liberty Lunch to bethat memory."

Will it be the same Liberty Lunch? No, it wont," Baranowskisaid. "But its in the same arena and hopefully, over time, the folks behind the new Liberty Lunch will create a similarly warm and inviting experience that can be part of the Austin culture for years to come.

This incarnation of Liberty Lunch will have barbecue but probably a different sauce.

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Liberty Lunch Might Be Coming Back, But Where Did It Come From? - KUT

Tyler Morning Telegraph – Settlement reached in Liberty Utilities rate … – Tyler Morning Telegraph

A settlement in the Liberty Utilities rate case has been reached, according to staff from state Rep. Matt Schaefers office.

In a post on a Facebook page about the case, the staff said they were informed Monday about the settlement.

We do not have details that we can share at this time, the post read. Rep. Schaefer is requesting a meeting in person with PUC (Public Utility Commission) officials ASAP.

A hearing about the merits of the Liberty Utilities rate case was scheduled to begin at 10 a.m. Tuesday in Austin.

However, because of the settlement, the hearing was canceled, according to the Facebook post.

It was unclear late Monday what the settlement would mean for the proposed rate increases for customers in Tyler and Smith County.

The settlement is the latest development in a process that began in September after the utility company notified its Tall Timbers and Woodmark Sewer customers about a proposed rate change for wastewater service.

The rate increase as proposed then would more than triple some customers monthly bills and was met with widespread opposition.

Customers submitted more than 1,000 protests to the Public Utility Commission of Texas.

The commission has original jurisdiction over the companys rate application for customers living in Smith County.

However, the city of Tyler has original jurisdiction over Liberty Utilities rate application for customers living inside the city limits.

The number of protests from Smith County customers triggered an automatic hearing at the state level and, in December, the Public Utility Commission referred the case to the State Office of Administrative Hearings to address factual disputes.

At the same time, the city of Tyler was addressing the rate request for its residents and in April, the city denied the companys application for a rate increase saying it lacked the authority to approve rates based on alternate ratemaking methodologies, which the company was proposing in its application.

The company appealed the citys decision to the Public Utility Commission of Texas and, in June, a judge with the State Office of Administrative Hearings consolidated the appeal with the rest of the case it already was addressing.

Schaefers staff said they would provide an update as soon as possible.

TWITTER: @TMTEmily

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Tyler Morning Telegraph - Settlement reached in Liberty Utilities rate ... - Tyler Morning Telegraph

Moore leads league-best Lynx into meeting vs. Liberty (Jul 24, 2017) – FOXSports.com

Fresh off an All-Star MVP performance, Maya Moore leads the Minnesota Lynx into the second half of the season as the No. 1 team in the league with a sparkling 16-2 record and a three-game lead over the second-place Los Angeles Sparks.

Moore and fellow Lynx All-Stars Sylvia Fowles, Seimone Augustus and Rebekkah Brunson welcome fellow All-Stars Tina Charles and Sugar Rodgers and the New York Liberty on Tuesday to Xcel Energy Center.

While the four Lynx stars enjoyed showcasing their talents with the best of the WNBA, they kept one eye focused on the larger team goal.

Its almost like there wasnt a break for us because we were together, Moore said of being around her teammates and coaches. Just continuing to build these memories and continue to build momentum with my teammates and coaches. Its just one more thing we were able to do together to bring it into the second half of the season.

Minnesota closed out the first half on a much different note than the Liberty. The Lynx start second-half play on a three-game win streak

The Liberty stumbled into the All-Star break, splitting their last six games. Offensive struggles forced coach Bill Laimbeer to shake up his starting lineup. Bria Hartley moved into the lineup, Epiphany Prince slid over to the shooting guard spot and Rodgers provided a needed spark off the bench.

Laimbeer was proven correct when the Liberty beat the Mystics on July 16 and the bench erupted for 41 points.

We know were a good team, Charles said. At times, its just we still have to figure it out.

A lot of teams are able to figure it out at the beginning of the season, they have experience like in Minnesota and L.A., and then you have teams that are still figuring it out along the way and thats where we are.

But it does look like Charles and company have figured things out after winning their final two games before the All-Star break.

The structure that we have right now is good for us, Laimbeer said. Were pushing the pace better. Were getting easier baskets. We have good role definition.

Now comes a brutal stretch of five games on the road for the Liberty, with the Lynx being the first hurdle.

When these teams meet, the marquee matchup is always Moore vs. Charles.

Charles is playing at an MVP level, averaging 20.5 points and 9.9 rebounds per game. Moore is as steady as ever, averaging 15.7 points and 3.8 assists per game. Her surrounding cast is second-to-none in the WNBA.

Fowles is a serious MVP candidate, averaging 20.1 points and 9.8 rebounds per game. Augustus is averaging 11.6 points and Brunson is right behind at 10.9 points and 6.7 rebounds.

Tuesdays game is the second of three meetings this season between the Liberty and Lynx. Minnesota took the first game 90-71 on May 18.

Excerpt from:

Moore leads league-best Lynx into meeting vs. Liberty (Jul 24, 2017) - FOXSports.com

Libertarians cautiously sense opportunity under Trump … – CNN.com – CNN International

"I have to give thanks to Donald Trump and the Republican Party," said Sarwark, a former defense attorney who has led the Libertarian Party since 2014. "Their success in getting control of government and then showing that they can't do anything once they have that control has been a better argument for joining the Libertarian Party than anything I could say."

As part of his efforts, Sarwark joined more than 1,000 libertarians and conservatives recently here in Las Vegas for a free-wheeling annual gathering called FreedomFest, fertile recruiting grounds where attendees held a robust skepticism of government power and where opinions of President Donald Trump were mixed.

Activities at the four-day confab were varied: One could attend academic lectures on Adam Smith, discussion panels about whether space aliens would be libertarians, debates over open borders and a film festival. You could also listen to a dialogue between actors dressed as Ayn Rand and Benjamin Franklin, watch a speech by actor William Shatner and attend a blowout party for Steve Forbes' birthday.

FreedomFest has been a mainstay of the Las Vegas convention circuit for a decade. But this marked the first gathering of Trump's presidency, which has divided even like-minded communities, including attendees here.

Trump himself made a surprise appearance at this conference in 2015, making it one of his first public appearances after announcing his bid for the presidency. As an example of what was to come, the Republican candidate rambled over 50 minutes, complaining about the media, railing against trade, promoting a wall on the Mexican border and expressing a desire to get along with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Watching the speech at the time, Jeffrey Tucker, the content director at the libertarian Foundation for Economic Education, assumed the crowd would run Trump out of town. He was wrong.

"I thought, nobody's going to buy this. Everything he says is against everything we believe. But by the time he ended, he had won over a substantial number of the crowd, which was a shock," Tucker said. "Libertarians imagine themselves to be intellectually robust and have strength of character, they are as subject as anybody else to be manipulated by the cult of personality and a good sales pitch."

Indeed, reactions to Trump at the conference this year were varied.

There are those, like Sarwark, who have deep concerns about Trump's policies yet sense a opportunities amid the chaos.

Others, like former Libertarian Party Vice Presidential Nominee Wayne Allyn Root, can't get enough joy out of Trump's bombast.

"I love that he's driving liberals insane," said Root, who debated Trucker about Trump at the conference. "They need a straitjacket, a rubber room and a hug from mommy."

But for many who consider themselves libertarians, the main concern is systematic, and larger than the current president. The real issue, they say, is that the presidency has gained too much authority in the first place, and that Trump is merely taking advantage of an inheritance given to him by Republicans and Democrats alike.

To be a libertarian, after all, is to be almost constantly at issue with both ruling parties in some way. Trump may be different, but to them, he's just another American president with too much power.

"He is incompetent. He has passed no significant piece of legislation in 100 days despite his big promises. He is an embarrassment to the American people and around the globe. What we need to do as libertarians is not talk about people, we need to talk about systems and policies," said Nick Gillespie, editor in chief of the libertarian magazine website Reason.com. "If you are a libertarian you should understand that big government is the problem."

Originally posted here:

Libertarians cautiously sense opportunity under Trump ... - CNN.com - CNN International

Nancy MacLean’s Libertarian Conspiracy Theory [Podcast] – Reason (blog)

Duke University historian Nancy MacLean's new book, Democracy in Chains: The Deep History of the Radical Right's Stealth Plan for America, combines conspiracy theories, accusations of racism, and dire warnings about a libertarian plot to create an American oligarchy. It's a historical story that's a "product of [MacLean's] imagination," with a reading of sources that's "hostile and tendentious to the point of pure error," as Reason's Brian Doherty put in a review we published last week.

In today's podcast, Doherty joins Nick Gillespie, Katherine Mangu-Ward, and Andrew Heaton to discuss how MacLean fundamentally misunderstands her subject matter; this year's Freedom Fest (an annual convention for libertarians in Las Vegas that just wrapped up); conservative-leaning libertarians vs. left-leaning libertarians; the constitutional ramifications of Donald Trump potentially pardoning himself; and whether or not we're living in the panopticon.

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Nancy MacLean's Libertarian Conspiracy Theory [Podcast] - Reason (blog)

First Gubernatorial Debate Does Not Include Libertarian Candidate – WVTF

The first of three debates for governor is scheduled for this weekend, when Democrat Ralph Northam will square off with Republican Ed Gillespie at the Homestead Resort in Hot Springs. But theres one candidate whos not invited to the party.

Libertarian candidate Cliff Hyra spent months collecting signatures of voters to get on the ballot statewide. Last month, the Virginia Department of Elections said he qualified to be on the ballot in every jurisdiction in Virginia. But when voters are confronted with his name they might not know anything about him. Thats because debate organizers of the three debates for governor have not invited him to participate. The first debate is this weekend at the Homestead Resort in Hot Springs during the annual meeting of the Virginia Bar Association. Hyra is not invited. The last Libertarian candidate for governor, Robert Sarvis, says thats not fair to voters.

"Its basically undermining the ability of the people to hear different ideas and to see everybody whos going to be on their ballot. When theres only three people who are going to be on the ballot, theres no argument for keeping people out.

The bar association policy for who gets to be part of the debate says candidates must be significant to participate, which they define as someone who does well in polling, has raised a significant amount of money and attracted a fair amount of media coverage. The policy doesnt include any specific numbers for polling or fundraising, leaving it to the judgment of the organizers. So far, Hyra isn't making the cut.

This report, provided byVirginia Public Radio, was made possible with support from theVirginia Education Association.

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First Gubernatorial Debate Does Not Include Libertarian Candidate - WVTF

‘Out of control’: saltwater crocodile attacks terrorise Solomon Islands … – The Guardian

Saltwater crocodiles are the worlds largest reptile and are currently a protected species in the Solomon Islands. Photograph: Alan Porritt/AAP

A growing number of crocodile attacks is forcing police in the Solomon Islands to shoot the animals and to consider lifting a 30-year ban on exporting their valuable skins in order to control the population.

There have been more than 10 crocodile attacks on people this year, as well as dozens of assaults on livestock and domestic animals around the Solomon Islands, which is home to 600,000 people.

However, the actual number of incidents is probably far greater, as attacks often happen in remote regions of the country where villagers take crocodile control into their own hands and do not report attacks to authorities.

According to Superintendent Stanley Riolo, the director of the national response department, the most recent fatality was in April, when an eight-year-old girl was killed by a crocodile in the western provinces.

In that instance local villagers speared the crocodile from behind, wounding it, and then drowned it in a river. A more humane death was impossible, said Riolo, as the villagers have no guns to shoot the giant saltwater, or estuarine, crocodiles which can grow up to 7m (23 feet) long since firearms were banned under an international agreement in 2003.

A specialised police crocodile control unit has now been set up to deal with the increasing number of attacks.

Since May this year, when the Royal Solomon Islands police force was rearmed, the crocodile control team has been equipped with Remington bolt-action rifles, hunting in banana boats at night when crocodiles eyes glow red in the dark, making them easy targets.

This year the specialist team has killed 40 crocodiles including one that was 6.4m long.

The 14-year international Ramsi intervention (regional assistance mission to Solomon Islands), which wound down in June, saw Solomon Islanders stripped of all armaments in a move to control violence between warring ethnic factions, which had led to the death of 200 people and the displacement of tens of thousands.

Crocodile attacks began to increase in the years after Ramsi arrived, and we believe it is because the villagers didnt have guns any more to protect themselves and shoot the crocodiles, said Riolo. We are currently in discussions to plan a post-Ramsi crocodile control programme, but at the moment our only option is shooting them.

There have been so many attacks: the crocodile population is out of control.

Joseph Hurutarau, the deputy director of conservation, says his team is planning a national survey of the crocodile population this year so it can accurately measure and explore the reasons behind the growing number of attacks.

Hurutaraus team believes the crocodile population began to increase 30 years ago, when the the export of crocodile skins a once lucrative industry for locals was banned.

But Craig Franklin, a zoology professor and crocodile expert from the University of Queensland, warned: When we say populations are exploding, what is also growing out of control is the human population, and the two often get mixed up. The more humans you have living in crocodile country, the more likely you are going to have these negative interactions with crocodiles.

If a crocodile does take a human, it does need to be captured, Franklin said, as the animal will return to stalk humans once it has identified them as a source of food.

But shooting crocodiles as a means of population control is a poor outcome for the animals, Franklin argued, adding that the reasons for any purported population growth need to be carefully examined.

Hurutarau said his team was keen to seek advice. We are looking for assistance from international crocodile experts so we can undertake a report with scientific data and information that will prove the crocodile population is slowly increasing, as we believe it is.

The long-term plan is to reintroduce the exportation of crocodile skins, but only to the extent of managing the population and the number of attacks. Crocodiles are still a protected animal and we have to find a balance to maintain a healthy population but also to protect people who live in coastal areas who depend on the ocean for their livelihood.

Franklin said many of the communities with the best relationships with and respect for crocodiles are in the Northern Territory and Cape York of Australia, where local Indigenous people revere the animals and have learnt to live side-by-side with the apex predators.

To go out and shoot crocodiles is really dangerous because it can lure people into a false sense of safety and crocodiles do play a really important role in the ecosystem and need to be protected.

I absolutely sympathise and agree we need to ensure peoples safety, but I often think the best way is to educate people about how to be croc-wise.

Read more from the original source:

'Out of control': saltwater crocodile attacks terrorise Solomon Islands ... - The Guardian

Iceland Drilling Project Aims to Unearth How Islands Form … – Scientific American

Geologists and biologists are about to pierce one of the worlds youngest islands: tiny Surtsey, which was formed by a series of volcanic eruptions off Iceland's southwestern coast between 1963 and 1967. Next month, the team plans to drill two holes into Surtseys heart, to explore how warm volcanic rock, cold seawater and subterranean microbes interact.

It will be the most detailed look ever at the guts of a newly born oceanic island. Surtsey is our best bet at getting a detailed picture of this type of volcanic activityhow ocean islands start to form, says Magns Gumundsson, a volcanologist at the University of Iceland in Reykjavik.

The results could help to explain how hydrothermal minerals strengthened the islands rock, enabling it to withstand the pounding of the North Atlantic Ocean. Engineers might be ableto use those secrets to produce stronger concrete.

And deep within Surtsey, scientists plan to learn more about how buried microbes munch on rock, extracting energy from minerals and hot fluids. If we can address this, we will get a lot closer to answering what rolethe deep crustal biosphereplays in maintaining and shaping our present-day environment, says Steffen Jrgensen, a geomicrobiologist at the University of Bergen in Norway.

One of the two holes will parallel a 181-metre-deep hole drilled in 1979, allowing scientists to compare how microbial populations change over time. The second hole will go in at an angle, to explore the hot water percolating through a network of cracks within the volcanic craters that make up Surtsey. If all goes well, both holes will penetrate into the original sea floor, as it stood before the 1960s eruptions, about 190 metres down.

At just 1.3 square kilometres, Surtsey is a natural laboratory for researchers to studythe biogeographic evolution of newborn islandsas they are seeded by plants and colonized by seabirds. It is a United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage site, set aside strictly for science. This is one of the most pristine environments on Earth, says Marie Jackson, a geologist at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City and principal investigator for the US$1.4-million project, which is supported in part by the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program.

On 28 July, Icelands coast guard plans to begin moving 60 tonnes of drilling equipment and other supplies to Surtsey, over the course of some 100 helicopter flights. This is the most complicated logistics operation Ive taken part in, says Gumundsson. Strict environmental regulations require all waste to be removed from the island, including the sterilized seawater that functions as drilling fluid. Only 12 people will be allowed on Surtsey at any given time, even as drilling proceeds 24 hours a day. Others will stay on the neighbouring island of Heimy, where a warehouse will temporarily be repurposed into a core-analysis lab.

Microbiologists have continued to monitor the 1979 hole, where the maximum temperature has slowly cooled from 140 C to about 130 C. It is now rife with a host of microorganisms that are probably indigenous to Surtsey, says Vigg Marteinsson, a microbiologist at the Mats food- and biotechnology-research institute in Reykjavik. These organisms are thought to have colonized the rock from the seawater below, protected from contamination from above by scorching rock. Marteinsson expects to find similar types of microbe, including bacteria, archaea and viruses, in the new hole.

After the new hole is drilled, engineers will lower five incubation chambers to different depths. These will remain in place for a year before they are retrieved so that researchers can determine what organisms colonize them. Monitoring what microbes move in, and how quickly, will offer scientists an unprecedented chance to study how the deep biosphere evolves in space and time, Marteinsson says.

Meanwhile, geologists and volcanologists on the team will be investigating the second, angled hole. That will allow us to reconstruct the way subsurface layers are connectedwhat we call the structure of the volcano, says Jocelyn McPhie, a geologist at the University of Tasmania in Hobart, Australia.

The drilling should reveal the earliest stages of the Surtsey eruptionbefore it broke the surface of the ocean in November 1963, catching the attention of the cook aboard a passing fishing vessel. In the mix of seawater and heat, hydrothermal minerals formed within the volcanic rock. This made the rock less porous and helped to buttress it against erosion from waves. The drill core should reveal how these minerals were created over time, Jackson says, and modern scientists might be able to take hints from this process to build stronger concrete for structures such as nuclear-waste containers.

Thus strengthened, Surtseys core is likely to remain an island for thousands of years, says Gumundsson. Thats in stark contrast to many volcanic islands, such as one that appeared near Tonga in 2014 but has already eroded by 40%. Because the vast majority of these islands disappear, we most likely substantially underestimate the number and volume of eruptions occurring at or just below sea level in the ocean, and hence the associated volcanic risk, says Nico Fournier, a volcanologist with the GNS Science research institute in Taupo, New Zealand.

Whatever comes out of the Surtsey drilling, it should dramatically advance the snapshot gleaned from the 1979 project, says James Moore, an emeritus geologist with the US Geological Survey in Menlo Park, California, who was a leader of the earlier effort. We made a lot of estimates that are going to be tested now, he says. It feels wonderful.

This article is reproduced with permission and wasfirst publishedon July 21, 2017.

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Iceland Drilling Project Aims to Unearth How Islands Form ... - Scientific American

10 islands from Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshdweep identified for development – Economic Times

NEW DELHI: Ten islands from Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshdweep have been identified by the government for improving maritime economy, preserving the eco-system and addressing security concerns.

The islands include Smith, Ross, Aves, Long and Little Andaman in Andaman and Nicobar and Minicoy, Bangaram, Suheli, Cherium and Tinnakara in Lakshadweep, a home ministry statement said.

The decision was taken at the first meeting of the newly- constituted Islands Development Agency (IDA), chaired by Union home minister Rajnath Singh here today.

The IDA was set up on June 1 this year following Prime Minister Narendra Modi's review meeting for the development of islands.

During the meeting, the home minister presented the vision for developing India's maritime economy while preserving the natural eco-system and addressing the security concerns.

He also emphasised on the need for sustainable development of islands with people's participation.

The CEO of the NITI Aayog made a detailed presentation on the current status and the way forward for holistic development of identified islands, it said.

Such an exercise is being taken up for the first time in the country, it added.

The home minister said concept development plans and detailed master plans were being prepared for identified islands with principles of sustainability, people's participation, eco-system preservation and determination of carrying capacity as the guiding principles, according to the statement.

During the meeting, the progress being made for the formulation of integrated master plans and other matters concerning the islands development were also reviewed.

It was also decided that Lieutenant Governor of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Administrator of Lakshadweep Islands will be included as members of IDA.

Admiral D K Joshi, former Navy chief and vice chairman of IDA, suggested taking up suitable interventions for sustainable implementation of planned projects.

Other members of the IDA, including cabinet secretary, home secretary, secretary (environment, forests and climate change), secretary (tourism) and secretary (tribal welfare), also participated in the meeting.

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10 islands from Andaman and Nicobar, Lakshdweep identified for development - Economic Times