NASA tests engine that will eventually take us to Mars – New York Post

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NASA engineers tested the RS-25 rocket engine, which will play a crucial role in eventual missions to Mars, on Tuesday.

The test at NASAs Stennis Space Center in Mississippi is the latest in a series of RS-25 firings.

The forthcoming Space Launch System (SLS) rocket will be powered by four R2-25 engines firing simultaneously. The RS-25s will provide 2 million pounds of thrust, according to NASA, and will work in conjunction with a pair of solid rocket boosters, which provide an additional 6.8 million pounds of thrust.

The first unmanned flight of the heavy-lift SLS a trip around the moon was scheduled for 2018, but was recently pushed back to 2019, Space.com reports. A crewed mission was expected to take place in 2021, but it has also been pushed back. NASA said there will be a minimum of 33 months between the unmanned and crewed missions.

NASA plans to harness SLS to achieve its long-term goal of sending a manned mission to Mars by 2035.

Former space shuttle main engines, the RS-25s are modified to meet the demands of SLS with a new controller. The controller is the key modification to the engines, explained NASAin a statement. The component is often cited as the RS-25 brain that allows communication between the engine and the rocket.

Aerojet Rocketdyne is the RS-25 primary contractor, with Honeywell serving as subcontractor.

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NASA tests engine that will eventually take us to Mars - New York Post

After A Year In Space, The Air Hasn’t Gone Out Of NASA’s Inflated … – NPR

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Flight engineer Kate Rubins checks out the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, which is attached to the International Space Station. NASA hide caption

Flight engineer Kate Rubins checks out the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, which is attached to the International Space Station.

A prototype of what could be the next generation of space stations is currently in orbit around the Earth.

The prototype is unusual. Instead of arriving in space fully assembled, it was folded up and then expanded to its full size once in orbit.

The module is called BEAM, the Bigelow Expandable Activity Module, and it has been attached to the International Space Station since April last year.

Expandable modules allow NASA to pack a large volume into a smaller space for launch. They're not made of metal, but instead use tough materials like the Kevlar found in bulletproof vests.

The station crew used air pressure to unfold and expand the BEAM, but it's wrong to think about BEAM as expanding like a balloon that could go "pop" if something punctured it.

NASA's Jason Crusan says there is a better analogy: "It's much like the tire of your car."

Even with no air in it, a tire retains its tirelike shape.

When BEAM unfolded in orbit, it adopted its more natural shape, something resembling a stumpy watermelon. Even if it was to lose all its internal air, "it still has structure to it," says Crusan.

Of course NASA would prefer BEAM not lose all its air, so there are many layers of shielding to prevent things like meteorites or other space debris from poking a hole in BEAM.

"We do believe we've taken at least one hit," says Crusan. "Very small in nature, and actually we can't even visually see where it's at."

Crusan says there was no loss of pressure from the hit.

NASA isn't actually using BEAM for anything. It's there just to see how it behaves in space. But Crusan says the space station crew does go inside every once in a while to check sensors inside the module. He says crew members seem to like visiting BEAM.

Astronauts Peggy Whitson and Thomas Pesquet are photographed inside BEAM, which has an interior roughly the size of a medium school bus. NASA hide caption

Astronauts Peggy Whitson and Thomas Pesquet are photographed inside BEAM, which has an interior roughly the size of a medium school bus.

"We've actually had up to six crew members at a time inside of it. It's about 15 to 16 cubic meters inside," says Crusan. That translates to something like the interior space of a modest-sized school bus.

The original plan was to detach BEAM after two years and let it burn up as it re-enters Earth's atmosphere. But there has been a change.

"Because of its performance and it's doing extremely well, there's really no reason to throw it away," says Crusan.

Since storage is at a premium aboard the space station, NASA now plans to use BEAM as a kind of storage shed and to keep it in space as long as the station continues to operate.

The company that made BEAM, Bigelow Aerospace, has big plans for expandable modules, including a stand-alone space station called the B330. The B330 will be 20 times larger than BEAM. But company president Robert Bigelow remains cautious despite the good performance of BEAM.

"No, I worry too much," says Bigelow. The B330 is much, much more complex than BEAM.

"It has two propulsion systems," he says. "It has very large solar arrays, a full suite of environmental life-support systems."

These are all things that have to work flawlessly in order to keep a crew alive and happy in space.

"That's why I walk around perpetually with a frown. It's just because there's so much to think about and be concerned about," says Bigelow.

Despite his concerns, Bigelow says his new space stations may be in orbit before too long. His company plans to have two B330s ready for launch in 2020.

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After A Year In Space, The Air Hasn't Gone Out Of NASA's Inflated ... - NPR

Help NASA Design a Radiation Shield That Folds Like Origami – Hyperallergic

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Origami rocket (photo by the author for Hyperallergic)

Through its Tournament Lab, NASA is making crowdsourcing a part of the future of space travel. Following competitions on an array of space problems, includingrobot arm architecture, a 3D printed Mars habitat, anddelivering astronaut email, NASA is now looking for proposals on how to fold a radiation shield like origami.

As Nicola Davis reported for the Guardian, the idea challenge is launching todaythrough Freelancer, an online outsourcing marketplace. On Freelancer, NASA states that the challenge is to develop a 3D folding concept for radiation shielding used to cover human habitation sections of spacecraft. These shields would protect spacecraft, and the astronauts within, fromgalactic cosmic rays (GCRs), and are essential for deep space travel. With storage space at a premium onboard these proposed vessels, such shields would need to be as compact as possible.

And thats where the origami comes in. Perhaps most familiar to people as a foldable, and sometimes frustrating, art, its skill in reducing a sheet of paper to a dense maze of mountains and valleys has wider applications.NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory previously explored how to usethe craft of paper-folding to store solar panels for space travel, and physicist, origami expert, and former NASA scientistRobert J. Langhas experimented with its use in things like automotive airbags.

Outsourcing ideas to the gig economy isnt as great as NASA hiring those minds,yet it is a creative way for the organization to innovate, even as funding cuts put into question whether deep space travel is a possibility. Meanwhile, NASA has more upcoming initiatives you can join, such as making observations as a citizen scientist during the August 21 solar eclipse, and suggesting patch designs for a mission to test the limits of 3D recyclability.

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Help NASA Design a Radiation Shield That Folds Like Origami - Hyperallergic

NASA plans to build a new plane that could halve flight times – Telegraph.co.uk

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For all its reputation as a miracle of motion at the forefront of all things travel, supersonic aviation is both mired in the past and weighed down by a future laden with question marks.

Not since Concorde was removed from service in October 2003 has a commercial airliner flown at beyond the speed of sound. And with the retirement of the great Anglo-French jet, the concept of soaring through the air at faster than 761mph has increasingly become a fragment of yesteryear - a ghost of some golden age that is deemed unlikely to return.

Part of the issue with supersonic flying is just how noisy it is. Famously, a plane breaking the sound barrier provokes a "sonic boom" - a cacophonous whip-crack which, if it erupts close enough to the ground, can cause windows to break and complaints to be issued.

Concorde was enough of a noise monster that its presence in America was largely unwelcome.

Contrary to perception - and in spite of the popular consensus that the plane was generally a success in its 27 years of active service - supersonic flight over the US is banned, and has been since 1973. British Airways and Air France had to receive special dispensation to fly their baby to Washington DC and New York - and could go no further.

But reports suggest that one of America's biggest pioneers in aviation, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), is taking tentative steps towards a second generation of supersonic airliners.

According to Bloomberg, NASA may begin work on a fresh supersonic prototype model as early as next month, and is likely to collaborate with manufacturers such as Lockheed Martin, Boeing and General Dynamics - as well as relevant industry innovators like Aerion and Boom Technology - to bring theory into reality.

Central to the blueprint will be a plane with a modified shape - subtler, sleeker, and therefore of less impact on the air around it. In theory, this would mean that it could break the sound barrier less brusquely, and at a lesser volume, than its celebrated predecessor.

NASA researchers are quietly confident that tests on their model, conducted in a wind tunnel in June, demonstrate that such an aircraft could cut current standard flight times in half - meaning that the average seven hour duration of a hop between London and New York could be slashed to less than four hours.

This radical time difference, along with the lower noise levels, could mean a loosening, or even an abandonment, of the US's strict rules on supersonic aviation in its airspace, and make the whole ultra-fast process more financially viable.

Although there were several causes of Concorde's gradual slump from being essential to being obsolete - not least its catastrophic crash at Charles de Gaulle airport in Paris on July 25 in 2000 - the restrictions on where it could fly undoubtedly hastened its demise.

But times are changing, and the planet's growing reliance on air travel will, during the next decade, "drive the demand for broadly available faster air travel, Peter Coen, project manager for NASAs commercial supersonic research team, told Bloomberg. Thats going to make it possible for companies to offer competitive products in the future.

How soon, and how softly, are the questions to which most interested parties want solutions - and the second is much easier to answer.

At its loudest, Concorde's sonic output was somewhere around 90 dBa (A-weighted decibels). NASA is aiming to cut this by about a third, to 60-65 dBA - hardly a sudden silence, and still the equivalent of a high-powered car on the motorway - but a significant reduction in the main concern, all the same. The agency is planning to spend some $390 million (299 million) on its prototype over the next five years, and has already been liaising with Lockheed Martin on design.

"Now youre getting down to that level where, as far as approval from the general public, it would probably be something thats acceptable, says Peter Iosifidis, a design program manager at Lockheed, of that 60-65 dBA figure.

A sonic boom occurs when a flying object achieves a speed of Mach 1 - which is approximately 761mph at sea level (though this varies at other altitudes).

This is the point at which the pressure waves created by a plane's motion can no longer get out of its, or each other's, way. They become compressed, and merge into a single shockwave, which causes the dramatic bang.

The NASA prototype will reportedly resolve this problem by employing a shape which will keep sound waves from merging. Instead, they will be dispersed across various points of the aircraft, resulting in a low hum rather than a single sound explosion.

The matter of when air passengers may be able to see the fruits of this research is a little harder to predict. NASA plans to run live tests on its brainchild as soon as 2022.

When, precisely, this will translate into everyday transportation is yet to be seen. But the future is coming - and it's quieter than you think.

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NASA plans to build a new plane that could halve flight times - Telegraph.co.uk

NASA: There Are Far More Massive Comets Hiding at the Edge of the Solar System Than We Thought – Newsweek

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There are about seven times more large comets at the outer edge of our solar system than once thought, according to NASA. While these comets spend most of their time billions of miles away from the sun, when they do edge into our region of the solar system, they have the potential to collide with planetsincluding Earth.

Scientists used the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer(WISE) spacecraft to work out the size and numbers of short- and long-period comet populations. This refers to the orbital periodlong refers to comets that take more than 200 years to orbit the sun, while short-period comets take less than 200 years.

Their findings, published inThe Astronomical Journal, show there are vastly more long-period comets than previous estimates had indicated. The number of comets speaks to the amount of material left over from the solar systems formation, lead author James Bauer said in a statement. We now know that there are more relatively large chunks of ancient material coming from the Oort Cloud than we thought. The Oort Cloud is a shell of icy objects that surrounds the solar system, far beyond Neptune.

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In the study, scientists looked at long-period comets and Jupiter-family cometscomets that have an orbital period of less than 20 years and are controlled by Jupiter. Comets are formed from material that was left over from the formation of the planet, so studying them helps us understand the evolutionary history of the solar system.

In total, in the area of the sky surveyed, scientists found56 long-period comets and 108 short-period comets. Over the course of the eightmonths of the survey, our results indicate that the number of long-period comets passing within 1.5 au [about 140 million miles] are a factor of several higher than previous estimates, they wrote.

This illustration shows how scientists used data from NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer spacecraft to determine the nucleus sizes of comets. NASA/JPL-Caltech

By getting a better understanding of how many long-period comets there are and how they differ from Jupiter-family comets, researchers are able to gain a key insight into how and why the solar system appears to us as it does.

Researchers found that there are far more long-period comets than Jupiter-family cometsand that long-period comets are on average twice as big, measuring at least 0.6 miles across. Our results mean theres an evolutionary difference between Jupiter-family and long-period comets, Bauer said.

They also discovered that long-period comets passed the sun far more often than had been thought. This finding is important, as it has implications for the risk of comets hitting Earth and indicates more of them have probably affected planets, such as delivering icy materials to them. Comets travel much faster than asteroids, and some of them are very big, study co-author Amy Mainzer said. Studies like this will help us define what kind of hazard long-period comets may pose.

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NASA: There Are Far More Massive Comets Hiding at the Edge of the Solar System Than We Thought - Newsweek

NASA eyes compact Hurricane Hilary – Phys.Org

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July 26, 2017 The NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite captured a visible light image of Hurricane Hilary on July 25 at 5:54 p.m. EDT (2154 UTC) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, far south-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California, Mexico. Credit: NOAA/NASA Goddard Rapid Response Team

When the NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite passed over the Eastern Pacific Ocean on July 25 it captured a visible close-up of Hurricane Hilary.

The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard the NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite captured a visible light image of Hilaryon July 25 at 5:54 p.m. EDT (2154 UTC). The Suomi NPP image showed that Hilary appeared somewhat asymmetric.

The National Hurricane Center (NHC) noted an eye feature in the northwestern portion of the central dense overcast, suggestive of some northwesterly shear.

On July 26, NHC forecaster Blake said "The central dense overcast has become more symmetric, although convection is still preferentially forming in the eastern eyewall. Any eye feature, however, is somewhat less distinct than a few hours ago, and the latest microwave passes are again showing an open eyewall on the west side."

Hilary remains a compact hurricane. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 15 miles (30 km) from the center and tropical-storm-force winds extend outward up to 90 miles (150 km). Of the three Eastern Pacific Ocean tropical cyclones: Greg, Irwin and Hilary, Hilary is closest to land, but it's not close enough for coastal watches or warnings.

At 11 a.m. EDT (1500 UTC), the center of Hurricane Hilary was located near 16.4 degrees north latitude and 112.3 degrees west longitude. That's about 475 miles (765 km) south-southwest of the southern tip of Baja California, Mexico. Hilary was moving toward the west near 13 mph (20 km/h), and NHC noted that this general motion with some decrease in forward speed is expected over the next couple of days. Maximum sustained winds remain near 105 mph (165 kph) with higher gusts. Some slow weakening is forecast during the next 48 hours.

Explore further: Suomi NPP Satellite sees Hilary on verge of major hurricane status

Britain said Wednesday it will outlaw the sale of new diesel and petrol cars and vans from 2040 in a bid to cut air pollution but environmental groups said the proposals did not go far enough.

A new study projects that if climate change continues unabated, heat-related deaths will rise dramatically in 10 major U.S. metropolitan areas compared to if the predicted increase in global warming is substantially curbed ...

Hydrogen at elevated temperature creates high electrical conductivity in the Earth's mantle.

The idea of geoengineering, also known as climate engineering, is very controversial. But as greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in our atmosphere, scientists are beginning to look at possible emergency measures.

A new study found that Caribbean staghorn corals (Acropora cervicornis) are benefiting from "coral gardening," the process of restoring coral populations by planting laboratory-raised coral fragments on reefs.

Humanity will have used up its allowance of planetary resources such as water, soil, and clean air for all of 2017 by next week, said a report Tuesday.

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NASA satellite image shows monster iceberg breaking up – CNET – CNET

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This series of satellite images shows the evolution of the iceberg.

It's pretty dark in Antarctica right now, but that didn't stop NASA's Landsat 8 satellite from using its thermal infrared imaging powers to get a good look at the spectacular iceberg that broke away earlier this month. The floating ice chunk isone of the largest on record.

The iceberg, saddled with the uneventful name A-68, separated from the Larsen C ice shelf and immediately got compared in size to the US state of Delaware and the amount of water in Lake Ontario.

The Landsat view is a composite created from images taken on July 14 and July 21 by the satellite's Thermal Infrared Sensor. The satellite has monitored the natural phenomenon over the course of its evolution from a thin crack to a full-blown iceberg.

A full set of Landsat images shows the calving process from February 2016 through July 21, 2017, when the iceberg is clearly separated from the ice shelf.

The large image below shows how small chunks of the iceberg are already separating from the main mass. NASA reports A-68 is currently heading northward on ocean currents.

This satellite image from July 21 shows the fresh iceberg broken away from the Larsen C ice shelf.

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NASA satellite image shows monster iceberg breaking up - CNET - CNET

Medical Nanotechnology |Nanotechnology congress |Medical …

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Conference Series LLC invites all the participants across the globe to attend the 15th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress, October 18-19, 2017, Osaka, Japan.Medical Nanotechnology 2017 provides a perfect symposium for scientists, engineers, directors of companies and students in the field of Nanotechnology to meet and share their knowledge. The scientific program paves a way to gather visionaries through the research talks and presentations and put forwardmanythoughtprovoking strategies. It provides a premier technical forum for reporting and learning about the latest research and development, as well as for launching new applications and technology.

Track 1- Nanomedicine:

Nano medicine is the next wave of advancements in the healthcare space. The nanotechnology revolution is now enabling novel approaches to address the major problems in modern medicine, leading to the emergence of nanomedicine as a new paradigm for diagnosis and therapy, according to experts.

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Track 2- Nanoelectronics and Biomedical Devices:

Nanoelectronics are so small that several hundred such devices would fit in the period at the end of this sentence. Laboratory versions made of silicon nanowires can detect disease biomarkers and even single virus cells, or record heart cells as they beat. Liebers team also has integrated nanoelectronics into living tissues in three dimensions creating a cyborg tissue. One obstacle to the practical, long-term use of these devices is that they typically fall apart within weeks or days when implanted. In the current study, the researchers set out to make them much more stable.

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American Nano Society, Russian Nanotechnology Corporation, Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology.

Track 3- DNA Nanotechnology:

The ability of DNA to selfassemble into a variety of nanostructures and nanomachines is highlighted in a growing number of papers in Nature Nanotechnology. The appeal of DNA to nanoscientists is threefold: first, it is a natural nanoscale material; second, a large number of techniques for studying DNA are already available; and third, its ability to carry information can be exploited in the selfassembly process. DNA is also increasingly being used to organize other nanomaterials, and the related field of RNA nanotechnology is beginning to emerge. All this can be seen in the articles below.

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Track 4- Medical Nanotechnology Devices:

The fast development of the Nanodevices is driving the world through the roadways of improvement in different sections of science and innovation. The Nano devices&Nano frameworks have brought a colossal change of mankind with its Nano way of life gadgets. The examination includes in brilliant sensors and savvy conveyance frameworks, demonstrating and reproduction alongside the organically enlivened gadgets which are expected to move at a gigantic development of 34% CAGR and the anticipated development of the Nanoswitches and Optical-biosensors is up to $58.9% billion increment before the end of 2018 by enrolling a sound CAGR of 20.7%.Around the world making the world's focus the exploration territories of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology.

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American physical Society,Nanotechnology Association (NIA)NanoBusiness Alliance,Nanotechnology and Nanoscience Student Association (NANSA), Nano Science and Technology Institute (NSTI)

Track 5- Drug Delivery and Therapeutics:

Nanotechnology could be strategically implemented in new developing drug delivery systems that can expand drug markets. Such a plan would be applied to drugs selected for full-scale development based on their safety and efficacy data, but which fail to reach clinical development because of poor bio pharmacological properties. The new drug delivery methods are expected to enable pharmaceutical companies to reformulate existing drugs on the market, thereby extending the lifetime of products and enhancing the performance of drugs by increasing effectiveness, safety and patient adherence, and ultimately reducing healthcare costs.

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InternationalConference on Functional on Energy MaterialsDecember 07-09, 2017 USA,Conference on material Scienceand Engineering May 29-31, 2017 Japan, WorldCongress on Material Scienceand Engineering June 12-14, 2017 Italy, InternationalConference on CeramicsandComposite materials June 29-30, 2017 Spain,Conference on Grapheneand other2D materialsMay 10-11,2017 Germany,Conference on GrapheneMarch 28-31,2017 Spain,Conference on GrapheneForum April 26-28,2017 Paris.

American Association for advancement of science,ASME Nanotechnology Institute.

Track 6- Cancer Nanotechnology:

The improvement of nanomaterials and nanotechnology has acquired another time the field of Nano prescription. The use of the Nanomedicine in the diverse fields of solution are offering humankind for the leap forward in medication conveyance, some assistance with blooding cleansing, tissue designing growth furthermore related fields of drug. The business sector examination says that the Nanomedicine deals for the disease conclusion has crossed $7.1billion in 2009 and with more than 230 organizations in Nanoinformatics and 45 items worldwide of Nano bio-innovation at least $4.6 billion in innovative work is been contributed each year. More than 490 colleges of Nano solution around the globe and around 54 commercial ventures in India are doing research in medication conveyance and biomedical instrumentation. Almost $9,600 million is been supported on this task. Tissue building is the Present exploration which is concentrated by the United Kingdom.

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American Nano Society, International Association of Nanotechnology, Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University

Track 7- Polymer Nanotechnology:

This review will discuss polymer matrix based nanocomposites with exfoliated clay being one of the key modifications. While the reinforcement aspects of nanocomposites are the primary area of interest, a number of other properties and potential applications are important including barrier properties, flammability resistance, electrical/electronic properties, membrane properties, polymer blend compatibilization. An important consideration in this review involves the comparison of properties of nanoscale dimensions relative to larger scale dimensions.

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American Physical Society;Telford Polymer Association

Track 8- Nanotoxicity:

Two decades of Nanotoxicology research has shown that the interactions between nanomaterials and cells, animals, humans and the environment are remarkably complex. Researchers are still trying to understand in detail how the physical, chemical and other properties of nanomaterials influence these interactions, and thus determine the ultimate impact of nanomaterials on health and the environment. And as new nanomaterials are developed, and animal testing is reduced, computational methods are becoming increasingly important for prioritizing safety studies. There is also an on-going debate about the regulation of nanomaterials. Nature Nanotechnology has published articles on all these topics and this web focus on nanotoxicology contains links to all of them.

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American Nano Society, International Association of Nanotechnology, Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University

Track 9- Bio-Nanomaterials and Tissues Engineering:

Scaffold-based tissue engineering approaches have been under investigation for more than 30 years now and many different techniques have been developed in order to engineer various tissues of the body. Some of them have been translated from bench to bedside, yet many are still under intensive examination. Biodegradable scaffolds applied in tissue engineering aim to temporarily substitute for the extracellular matrix and its complex biological functions during the regeneration and/or remodelling period, and are subsequently degraded and replaced by new tissue.

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9thNano Congressfor Future Generation August 01-02, 2016 Manchester, UK; 4th GlobalConference onNano EngineeringforMedicineandBiology2016February 21-24, 2016Houston, TX, United States; InternationalConference onNano materials,Nano devices, Fabricationand Characterization (ICNNFC 2016) April 1-2, 2017 Prague, Czech Republic ;BIT`s 5th Annual World Congress ofNano Science& Technology (Nano-S&T 2015) September 24-26, 2017 Xian, China ;14th InternationalConference onNanoimprintandNanoprint Technology - NNT 2015October 22-24, 2015 Napa, CA, United States ;InternationalConference on MicrosystemsandNanotechnologies(ICMN 2015) November 20-22, 2015 Guilin, Chinas; 10th IEEE international Conference on Nano/Molecular Medicine and Engineering 27-29 November 2016 TBD;6th InternationalConference on Manipulation, Manufacturingand Measurement on the Nanoscale 18-22 July 2016, Chongqing, China; InternationalConference on Manipulation, Automationand Robotics at Small ScalesParis, 18-22 July 2017 France; InternationalConference on Nano scienceand Nanotechnology.7-11 Feb 2016, Canberra, Australia; InternationalConference on Nanostructures. 07-10 Mar 2016, Tehran, Iran;Conferences on nanostructured materials.August 7 to 12, 2016, Qubec City,Canada;InternationalConference on Advanced Nano Materialsand Emerging Engineering Technologies, 31st May 2016,Singapore; The 2nd International Conference on Advanced Nano Materials and Emerging Engineering Technologies. 30th August 2016,Singapore; 4th InternationalConference on Bioinformatics, Biotechnologyand Nano-

NASA-JSC Area NanoTechnology Study Group, Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering, NanoScience and Technology Institute

Track 10- Environmental Safety:

Health and Environmental Safety of Nanomaterials addresses considerations regarding the impact of nanomaterials on the atmosphere and human health, and examines the security of specific nanomaterials. Understanding the distinctive chemical and physical properties of nanostructures has diode to several developments within the applications of nanocomposite materials. Whereas these materials have applications during a Brobdingnagian vary of areas, their potential for toxicity should be completely understood.

Related Conferences:

9thNano Congressfor Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain: 11th InternationalConference and Expo onNanoscienceandMolecularNanotechnologySeptember 26-28, 2016 London, UK: 12thNanotechnologyProducts Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia: 13thInternational Conference onNanotekand Expo December 5-6, 2016 Seattle, USA: InternationalConference on Nanoscienceand Nanotechnology February 711, 2016 Canberra, Australia: The Fundamental Science of Nanotechnology 11 January 20 March 2016, Oxford, United Kingdom: BioNanoMed 2016 - Nanotechnology enables Personalized Medicine, 68 April 2016, Krems, Austria: IUMRS-ICAM 2015 InternationalConference on Advanced Materials,25-29 October 2015, South Korea: 40th International Conference and Expo on Advanced Ceramics and Composites, 24-29 January 2016, Florida, United States: ISyDMA'2016 First International Symposium on Dielectric Materials and Applications, 04-06 May 2016, Kenitra-Rabat, Morocco: OIC 2016 Optical Interference Coatings, 19-24 Jun 2016, Tucson, United States: ICMCTF'17 - InternationalConference On Metallurgical Coatings& Thin Films, 17-21 Jul 2017, Prague, Czech Republic: NanoFIS 2016 - Functional Integrated nanoSystems, 2729 June 2016, Graz, Austria: NANOTEXNOLOGY 2016 July 29 2016, Thessaloniki, Greece: 16th InternationalConference on Nanotechnology,22-25 August 2016, Sendai, Japan: 11th Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference, 9-12 October 2016, Toulouse, France: 6th InternationalConference on Manipulation, Manufacturingand Measurement on the Nanoscale, 18-22 July 2016, Czech Republic: ASME 4th GlobalConference on NanoEngineering for Medicineand Biology 2016, February 21-24, 2016 Houston, Texas, USA: 4th Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Conference (ICNT2016), 28-29 January 2016.

Intelligent Testing Strategies for Engineered Nanomaterials (ITS-NANO), Bangladesh Nanotechnology Society (BNS), Nano Science and Technology Consortium (NSTC)

Track 11- Recent developments in Nanotechnology and Nanoscience:

Nanotechnology will be utilized for Detection, Diagnostics, Therapeutics and Monitoring. Themes like Nanotechnology based Imaging Technologies and Lab-on-a-Chip Point of Care Diagnostics, Advanced Nano-Bio-Sensor Technologies, Implantable Nano sensors, Nano Arrays for Advanced Diagnostics and Therapy, Invasive Therapy Technologies and Cellular based Therapy might be talked about.

Related conferences:

6th Global ExpertsConference on Meeting & Expo onNano materialsandNanotechnologyApril 21-23, 2016 Dubai, UAE ;,InternationalConference onNanotechnologyModellingandSimulation(ICNMS 2016) April 1-2, 2016 Prague, Czech Republic ;InternationalConference onNanotechnologyand Environmental Issues (ICNEI 2016) April 1-2, 2016 Prague, Czech Republic;2nd World Congress and Expo onNanotechnologyand Materials Science 2016April 4-6, 2016 Dubai, United Arab Emirates ;14th InternationalConference onNanoimprintandNanoprint Technology - NNT 2015October 22-24, 2015 Napa, CA, United States ;1st International Conference on Research and Development in Imaging,Nanotechnology, Industrial Design and Robotics RDINIDR 2015 )Cordoba, Argentina November 20-21, 2015; 4th InternationalConference on Bioinformatics, Biotechnologyand Nano-Technology 25thAugust 2016,Malaysia Kuala Lumpur; 18th InternationalConference on Nanoscienceand Nanotechnology March 14 - 15, 2016 Paris France; Hernstein, Austria; WinterConference on Plasma Spectrochemistry.1016 January 2016Tucson, United States;Conference on Advances in Refractoryand Reactive Metals and Alloys .2729 January 2016,Mumbai, India; Sixth InternationalConference on Metals in Genetics, Chemical Biologyand Therapeutics .1720 February 2016,Bangalore, India; Functional Nanomaterials in Industrial Applications 2931 March 2016,Preston, UK; SPIE Energy Future Conference and Exhibitions 2016.46 July 2016,UNSW, Australia; InternationalConference on Experimental Mechanics37 July 2016.

Society for the Advancement of Material and Process Engineering, The Institute of NanoTechnology, Nano Business Alliance

Track 12- NanoBio Technology

NanoBio Technologyis the system of engineering principles with relation to molecular functions and nano mechanisms.Medical Nanotechnologyis the application of technical aspects to biological process that includesNano medicines, Tissue GrowingNanostructures, Cell interactions with nano particles etc. Revolutionary opportunities and future scope of nanotechnology is gaining its utmost importance in nano life sciences.

Related Conferences ofNano-bio technology:

InternationalConference onMedical ImagingandDiagnosisMay 09-10, 2016, USA; 6th AnnualConference on Clinical NephrologyMay 9-11, 2016 San Francisco, USA; InternationalConference onMedical EthicsandLegal MedicineJune 09-11, 2016, UK; 3rdBiomedical EngineeringConferenceand Expo, November 07-08, 2016, Barcelona, Spain; 2ndInternationalConference onBio-Medical EngineeringandEnvironmental Technology(BMEET-16) Jan. 2-3, 2016 Pattaya (Thailand); 11thInternationalConference onHealthcareandBiological Research(ICHBR), February 21-22, 2016, Dubai;Internal Medicine: Updates and Guidelines with Insights to Practical Clinical StrategiesFebruary 29-March 4, 2016, USA;Clinical Chemistry2016, May 2-3, 2016, USA; 2016 InternationalConference On Surgical PathologyMay 3-6, 2016, Spain; 4th InternationalConference on Bioinformaticsand Computational Biology, February 2-4,2016, ICBCB Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 3rd International Conference on Civil, Biological and Environmental Engineering (CBEE-2016) February 4, 2016 Bali, Indonesia; InternationalConference On NGS Data Analysisand Informatics February 18-20, 2016, San Diego, United States of America; The Biomarker Conference February 18-20, 2016, San Diego, United States of America; Second International Conference on Engineering and Technology February 19-20, 2016, Colombo, Sri Lanka; 11th InternationalConference on Healthcareand Biological Research (ICHBR), Dubai, 21-22 February 2016 Dubai, United Arab Emirates; The 9th International JointConference on Biomedical Engineering Systemsand Technologies BIOSTEC 2016 21-22 February 2016, Rome, Italy; CONIELECOMP 2016 February 24-25, 2016, Cholula, Mexico; International Conference on Computer Vision and Image Processing February 26-27, 2016, Roorkee, India; WAST- 4th InternationalConference on Advances in Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Sciences February 27-28, 2016, Bangkok, Thailand; Precision Medicine: Beyond the Genome for Insights into New Treatments San Francisco, March 7-8, 2016 United States of America; 2016 6th InternationalConference on Biomedical Engineeringand Technology - ICBET March 12-14, 2016, Singapore, Singapore;

Track 13- Nanomedicine and Nanopharmaceuticals:

Nanopharmaceuticalssuch as liposomes,quantum dots, dendrimers,carbon nanotubesand polymeric nanoparticles have brought considerable changes in drug delivery and the medical system. Nanopharmaceuticals offer a great benefit for the patients in comparison with the conventional drugs. There are several advantages of these drugs such as enhanced oral bioavailability, improved dose proportionality, enhanced solubility and dissolution rate, suitability for administration and reduced food effects.

Related Conferences

Conference and Exhibition onMetabolomics, May 16-18, 2016 Osaka,;Conference onGenetic Counseling and Genomic MedicineAugust 11-12, 2016 Birmingham; Japan; 5thConference onTissue Science and Regenerative MedicineSeptember 12-14, 2016 Berlin, Germany;Conference onRestorative MedicineOctober 24-26, 2016 Chicago, USA;Conference on Molecular Genetics, November 28-30, 2016 Chicago, USA; Golden Helix Symposium, January 14-16, 2016, Mansoura, Egypt;ThePersonalized Medicine, World Conference 24-27 January, 2016, San Francisco, USA; 14thAsia-Pacific Federation forClinical Biochemistryand Laboratory Medicine Congress, November 26-29, 2016,Taipei, Taiwan;Personalized Medicine, July 10-15, 2016, Hong Kong, China; 18thInternational Conference on Pharmaceutical Engineering, March 30 - 31, 2016, Istanbul, Turkey

Track 14- Nanomedicine Applications:

One of the most promising applications of nanotechnology is in the field of medicine. Indeed, a whole new field of nanomedicine is emerging. Nanomedicine has been defined as the monitoring, repair, construction and control of human biological systems at the molecular level using engineered nano devices and nanostructures. It can also be regarded as another implementation of nanotechnology in the field of medical science and diagnostics.

Related Conferences

InternationalConference and Expo on Nanoscienceand Molecular Nanotechnology September 26-28, 2016 London, UK: 7th World Nano Conference May 19-21, 2016 Osaka, Japan: 8th World Medical Nanotechnology Congress & Expo June 9-11, 2016 Dallas, USA:12th Nanotechnology Products Expo November 10-12, 2016 Melbourne, Australia: 9th Nano Congress for Future Generation June 27-29, 2016 Valencia, Spain: 4th Nanoscience & Nanotechnology Conference (ICNT2016) Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 28th to 29th January 2016 : Nanotechnology Conference & Expo Baltimore, USA, 4th to 6th April 2016: InternationalConference on Nanotechnology Modellingand Simulation (ICNMS 2016) April 1-2, 2016 Prague, Czech Republic: 4thConference on Nanoand Materials Science (ICNMS 2016) New York, USA: ASME 4th GlobalConference on Nano Engineering for Medicineand Biology 2016February 21-24, 2016 Houston, TX, USA

American Nano Society, International Association of Nanotechnology, Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University

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Using Nanotechnology to Enhance the Properties of Everyday Materials – AZoM

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Our understanding of the nanoscale world is continually developing. Aron Claeys, founder of Nanex, saw the potential of nanotechnology when the science was still in its infancy and recognised that nanoparticle based coatings could play a prominent role in extending the lifespan of materials such as leather and textiles. In addition to this Nanex now plan to start working on novel technologies that use nanoparticles to purify pollution in water and air and to prevent the spread of bacteria.

AZoM spoke to Aron about the history of Nanex, how he expects nanoscience to impact the world and Nanexs plans for the future.

I started Nanex because I had a keen interest in nanotechnology and how it could be used to improve the environmental issues we are facing. The field of nanotechnology was beginning to open up to the wider world and I was fascinated by it. I was amazed that when a material is reduced to the nanoscale it develops novel properties which are not observed at the microscale. These properties can sometimes be themselves useful, or often unwanted properties on the macro scale can be removed.

To me, it was obvious that nanotechnology was going to impact every industry there is. And of course, as a young person I was concerned about the growing strain that humanity is placing on the environment. I also saw all of the interest around green technology such as solar and clean energy systems and began to wonder how nanotechnology could be used to enhance these.

From that point on, I started to research nanotechnology on a very broad scale as, at this point, I didnt know which direction I was going to take my research in. I began working with some nanotechnology specialists who introduced me to the coatings industry. It was then that I realised that protective coatings which exploit nanotechnology could improve the sustainability, the durability and the quality of materials. These coatings provide a protective layer which can be anti-bacterial, withstand scratches, clean itself, can be easily cleaned without the use of heavy detergents or even any detergents at all!

Coating nanotechnology was already relatively advanced at this point and, having started from scratch and having limited resources, I saw this as a perfect starting point. We started working on new coating materials and products to develop for the market. After seeing that coatings for textiles and leathers were in high demand for both manufacturers and wholesalers we began to focus our efforts here.

Our research team started to experiment further on different types of nanoparticles and nanoparticles of different sizes. The size of the nanoparticles in the dispersion has a significant effect on the properties and chemistry of the solution we produce.

Weve now been developing our most recent range of products for the last nine months. Weve developed some advanced coatings that can improve the quality of leathers. We live in a society built on over-consumption where things no longer last we want our sprays to help goods last longer so people have more time to enjoy them. Our sprays also reduce the need to use detergent when washing clothes, reducing environmental impact.

Shutterstock | Volodymyr Plysiuk

We looked at different nanoparticles and how they reacted with different materials. We also researched traditional chemistry, such as water-repellent, stain release, and anti-bacterial effects.

We considered a wide range of nanoparticle technologies such as silicon dioxide, graphene, selenium and titanium dioxide and countless others its a continual research. We were evaluating the price, the quality and if the technology is ready for commercial use. We didnt want anything that was too niche and expensive. We wanted to make sure that we developed an accessible and affordable product which allowed everyone to feel the benefit.

In addition to the silicon dioxide and different sized nanoparticles we've also been testing ceramic particles, titanium dioxides and nanocrystals. Nanocrystals are really interesting as they can be crystallized to give increased hardness with specific UV blockers.

What types of properties are you aiming towards? Which properties is most desirable to add to your coating?

The most conventional are water and stain repellent properties, however we would like to add much more to that. We are already carrying out a lot of research. As I mentioned, some self-cleaning properties could be induced using a mixture of different nanoparticles, which are specific UV blockers, so the discoloration of clothes or shoes is reduced.

We are also investigating nanoparticles which can increase the hardness so the material can be more scratch proof or less prone to other forms of damage. These multi-functional properties are the way we're going right now.

Shutterstock | Kateryna Kon

For the time being we are currently focusing on the textiles and leather industries. However, were also seeing a lot of requests coming through from many different industries from the furniture and outdoor market to motorcycle and scooter manufacturers.

There are countless different areas in which Nanex coatings can be used but these markets will be the first that we explore as the demand is so high.

Weve already seen the coatings being used unconventionally. For example, we have a customer who is using the coatings in his artwork.

This artist is applying Nanex coatings on concrete using a stencil and once it has dried the coating becomes invisible. The artwork then becomes visible whenever it rains as the water will only follow where the coating has not been applied.

So far, weve only focused on one industry and we know that our technology has the scope to benefit so many different industries. We have the expertise and knowledge on our team to offer consultancy and work on joint development projects in a wide range of different areas. Were particularly interested in adding nanoparticles to construction materials or other composite materials to make them lighter, more efficient or to make them antibacterial.

We have ideas about how we could create biodegradable plastics which would reduce the excessive amount of waste humans are currently producing at landfills. Were also interested in seeing how nanoparticles can be incorporated into water and air purification technology.

We want to broaden the scope of our projects and want to stimulate, invite and inform other companies and industries to connect with us so we can work together to create next-generation materials that will make the planet better. Whether it is antibacterial packaging that extends the lifetime of food or if it is purification systems that reduces the spread of disease.

Shutterstock | Komsan Loonprom

In around two months we are going to be ready to do our big launch. It will be in Belgium at the start and then we will expand over Europe. We already have distributers in Asia so we expect to rapidly expand there.

Were going to launch in just a matter of months so keep your eyes peeled as things are going to get exciting.

From an early age, Aaron had a strong passion for entrepreneurship and how new ideas could be used to face the Worlds environmental challenges. Following years of self-study Aaron aimed towards creating a company that would help in building a more sustainable world. This is how Nanex was founded.

After seven years of intensive research Nanex developed several different coatings that utilised nanotechnology to improve the lifespan, and reduce detergent use, for commodity items such as shoes and clothes.

Aaron also offers his expertise as an environmental nanotechnology specialist both as a consultant and in joint development projects which aim towards environmental sustainability. These projects span from working with biodegradable materials, air and water purification and increasing energy efficiency.

Disclaimer: The views expressed here are those of the interviewee and do not necessarily represent the views of AZoM.com Limited T/A AZoNetwork the owner and operator of this website. This disclaimer forms part of the Terms and conditions of use of this website.

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Using Nanotechnology to Enhance the Properties of Everyday Materials - AZoM

NIOSH Publishes Chapter on Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers on Filters by Transmission Electron … – Nanotechnology News

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Home > Nanotechnology Columns > Bergeson & Campbell, P.C. > NIOSH Publishes Chapter on Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers on Filters by Transmission Electron Microscopy

Abstract: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has published a chapter in the fifth edition of the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) entitled "Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters by Transmission Electron Microscopy."

July 26th, 2017

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has published a chapter in the fifth edition of the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods (NMAM) entitled "Analysis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers on Mixed Cellulose Ester Filters by Transmission Electron Microscopy." See https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/nmam/pdf/chapter-cn.pdf The draft chapter provides standardized approaches for the analysis of carbon nanoparticles. The chapter provides detailed guidance on effective means to perform transmission electron microscopic analysis on carbon nanotubes and nanofibers that are sampled from occupational atmospheres. The chapter notes that, with respect to quantification, it is important to recognize the limitations of a particle counting method. According to the chapter, because of the heterogeneity of carbon nanotube powders, particles in the same size bin can vary greatly in their properties. Complex structures of varying mass, density, shape, and composition (e.g., amorphous carbon, residual catalyst) can fall into the same size bin, and dissimilar particles (e.g., cluster and matrix) in a given bin may have different toxicological effects. Thus, the chapter states, "even for a given material, particle envelope size alone may not be an adequate risk indicator." Given the heterogeneity and variety of the carbon nanotube/carbon nanofiber products to which workers are exposed, "it is important to apply several methods to assess worker exposure, through inhalation and other routes."

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International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology – Technology Networks

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Short Name: Nanomed Meeting 2017

Theme: Challenges and Innovations in next generation medicine

Website: http://www.meetingsint.com/pharma-conferences/nanomedicine-nanotechnology

Registration Link: http://www.meetingsint.com/pharma-conferences/nanomedicine-nanotechnology/registration

Nanomed Meeting 2017 Organizing Committee invites you to attend the largest assemblage of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology researchers from around the globe during November 23-24, 2017 at Dubai, UAE.

Nanomed Meeting 2017 is a global annual event. This International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology brings together scientists, researchers, business development managers, CEOs, directors, IP Attorneys, Regulatory Officials and CROs from around the world. The passage of Nanomed Meeting 2017 through a decade at Asia finds much requirement for discussion also focusing the latest developments in the field of Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology.

Why attend?

Join your peers around the world focused on learning about Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology related advances, which is your single best opportunity to reach the largest assemblage of participants from the Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology community, conduct demonstrations, distribute information, meet with current and potential professionals, make a splash with a new research works, and receive name recognition at this 2-day event. World-renowned speakers, the most recent research, advances, and the newest updates in Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology are hallmarks of this conference.

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International Conference and Exhibition on Nanomedicine and Nanotechnology - Technology Networks

Global Nanomedicine Market 2017-2022 – Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd … – DailyHover

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Worldwide Nanomedicine Market 2017 provides the in-depth research study shedding lights on different business verticals, key business factors which lead to market development, services offered by Nanomedicine industry. Worldwide Nanomedicine report is segmented into different categories based on the manufacturing regions to provide complete knowledge of Nanomedicine industry which will help them in making vital decisions. The opportunities, threats, and business strategies are covered in this report, forecast from 2016-2022.

Market Insights:

The consistent global demand for Nanomedicine provide positive growth opportunities for Nanomedicine market.The report identified that the global Nanomedicine market is driven by factors such as massive growth in Healthcare industry and commercial application in Healthcare industry. The growing demand from Healthcare industries are expected to drive the global Nanomedicine market. The growth in the Global Nanomedicine Market is likely to be restrained by factors such as High investment costs and longer duration of implementation.The global Nanomedicine market is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 17.1 % during the assessment period from 2016-2022.

Before purchasing the report please do inquire here: https://market.biz/report/global-nanomedicine-market-2017-ihr/103194/#inquiry

Initially, Worldwide Nanomedicine report provides basic industry overview to the reader. Then the key aspects of the Nanomedicine industry showing the growth of the market, product definitions, applications, Nanomedicine market scope on a global scale have been mentioned in this report. The research methods followed to gather all the Nanomedicine industry details has been included in this report.

The dominant Nanomedicine industry players are as follows:

1) Merck & Co.Inc. 2) Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. 3) Gilead Sciences Inc. 4) Novartis AG 5) Amgen Inc. 6) Pfizer Inc. 7) Eli Lilly and Company 8) Sanofi 9) Nanobiotix SA 10) UCB SA

Worldwide Nanomedicine market than does the analysis of the dominant market players based on their company profiles, sales margin, customer volume, demand and supply ratio, business tricks followed by them. All the existing and emerging market segments of Nanomedicine market has been covered in this research report. The product price, market constraints, and evolving market regions have been included in this report.

The Geographical Analysis of Nanomedicine market:

1. Latin America (The Middle East and Africa)

2. Europe (UK, Germany, France, Italy, and Russia)

3. Asia-Pacific (India, China, Korea, Japan and Southeast Asia)

4. North America (The USA, Canada, and Mexico)

The SWOT analysis of the Nanomedicine market, business trends, geographic revenue, business sections has been included in this report.

Towards the end, important research findings, product releases, collaborations have been incorporated in Nanomedicine research report.

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Global Nanomedicine Market 2017-2022 - Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd ... - DailyHover

NYIT Engineering Professor Is Part of Team Developing Technology for NASA – Newswise (press release)

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Newswise Fang Li, Ph.D., assistant professor of Mechanical Engineering at NYIT, is partnering with X-wave Innovations, Inc. (XII), a research and development firm specializing in the defense, homeland security, transportation, and energy fields, to develop an embedded sensor system for NASA that is capable of measuring temperature, pressure, and strain on various rocket propulsion engine components.

This technology is being developed as part of a project funded by a $125,000 NASA Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Phase I grant jointly awarded to Professor Li and XII, based in Gaithersburg, Md. In this 12-month Phase I project, Li and XII will prototype an embedded sensor system and demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technique for passive, wireless, multi-parameter high temperature measurements. NASA needs embedded sensor systems with wireless data communication capabilities for applications including ground testing, flight testing, and in-service monitoring. This embedded sensor system will provide a highly flexible instrumentation solution to monitor remote or inaccessible measurement locations for NASA's rocket propulsion test facilities.

This project is a hybrid product of passive Surface Acoustic Wave Radio Frequency Identification (SAW- RFID) technology and high-temperature piezoelectric materials and devices. Li, who joined NYIT School of Engineering and Computing Sciences in 2012, brings expertise in high-temperature piezoelectric materials and SAW sensors to this effort. XII brings expertise in SAW-RFID technology and system integration, and a commercialization strategy to transition the developed technology into NASA programs and the commercial sector.

According to Li, cost-effective and reliable assessment of the health of propulsion engine components in harsh, high-temperature environments is challenging for conventional sensors. This sensor system she is developing with her students consists of sensor tags and a RF interrogation system. The sensor tags are embedded in measured components, powered by an incident RF signal which requires no power supply or external circuits. Being passive, they are able to work in harsh environments that would destroy conventional electronics. The RF interrogation system remotely collects data from multiple sensors and converts data into values of temperature, pressure, and strain. The maintenance free sensor system can operate for long periods, providing valuable data about the structural health and operation conditions of the engine components, Li said.

Li, together with two NYIT Mechanical Engineering graduate students, will model, design, and develop passive SAW sensors for temperature, strain and pressure measurements. Sensors are being fabricated on the NYIT-Old Westbury campus, in its class 10,000 clean room, the first of its kind in Nassau County. NYIT's clean room, part of the schools materials science and nanotechnology lab, houses a sputtering machine and microscopy tools that allow researchers to nano-engineer unique composite materials and create microchips, sensors, and implantable and wearable medical devices.

Our mission is to provide high quality education and support faculty research and student learning in high-tech focus areas, said Nada Marie Anid, Ph.D., dean, NYIT School of Engineering and Computing Sciences. This prestigious NASA grant is a perfect example of collaboration between our faculty and industry on important technological advances. It offers a tremendous growth opportunity for both Professor Li and her students in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

Earlier this year, NASA announced its selection of 399 research and technology proposals from 277 American small businesses and 44 research institutions that will enable NASA's future missions into deep space, and advancements in aviation and science, while also benefiting the U.S. economy. Selected proposals will support the development of technologies in the areas of aeronautics, science, human exploration and operations, and space technology.

For the Phase I program, Li and XII will prototype an embedded sensor system. Phase I results will provide initial validation that the proposed technology can provide the required measurements. With a successful completion of Phase I, the program is very promising to get into Phase II, in which Li, her students, and XII will build the SAW-RFID system and demonstrate its capability to measure temperature, pressure, and strain in harsh environments.

About NYIT

NYIT (New York Institute of Technology) offers 90 degree programs, including undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees, in more than 50 fields of study, including architecture and design; arts and sciences; education; engineering and computing sciences; health professions; management; and osteopathic medicine. A non-profit independent, private institution of higher education, NYIT has 10,000 students in programs and campuses in New York (Manhattan and Old Westbury, Long Island) and Arkansas as well as China, Canada, and the United Arab Emirates. NYIT sponsors 13 NCAA Division II programs.

NYIT is guided by its mission to provide career-oriented professional education, offer access to opportunity to all qualified students, and support applications-oriented research that benefits the larger world. More than 100,000 graduates have received degrees from NYIT. For more information, visit nyit.edu.

Media Contact:

Elizabeth Sullivan Director, Media Relations libbys@nyit.edu

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NYIT Engineering Professor Is Part of Team Developing Technology for NASA - Newswise (press release)

UTSA professors engineering tougher security measures for implantable technology – FOX 29

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by Zack Hedrick, Fox San Antonio

It's a story that has a lot of people talking.

A Wisconsin company is offering its employees microchip implants, which allows them access throughout their office building.

Researchers at UTSA right now are working on ways to make this technology better protected.

As microchips have gotten smaller speed and capacity have increased.

Dr. Ethan Ahn is a professor of micro and nano-technology at UTSA.

Now a new and controversial piece of technology is raising some concerns.

While working on making technology smaller. Dr. Ahn and his colleagues at UTSA are also developing ways to improve security for implantable technology.

I believe they should have their own storage device in there rather than using the cloud," said Ahn.

The microchip being used by the company in Wisconsin is about the size of a grain of rice.

It's placed in between your thumb and index finger.

Using radio frequency identification, or FRID, it can help log into computers, give access to doors you can even use it to buy something at the vending machine

Despite its size the microchip can also store financial and medical information.

The company says the technology is encrypted.

But tech experts like Dr. Ahn say there are different levels of encryption and encryption doesnt guarantee the security of information on the device.

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UTSA professors engineering tougher security measures for implantable technology - FOX 29

Novel RNA nanodevices in living cells can sense and analyze multiple complex signals – Phys.Org

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July 26, 2017 Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is used to create logic circuits capable of performing various computations. In new experiments, Green and his colleagues have incorporated RNA logic gates into living bacterial cells, which act like tiny computers. Credit: Jason Drees for the Biodesign Institute

The interdisciplinary nexus of biology and engineering, known as synthetic biology, is growing at a rapid pace, opening new vistas that could scarcely be imagined a short time ago.

In new research, Alex Green, a professor at ASU's Biodesign Institute, demonstrates how living cells can be induced to carry out computations in the manner of tiny robots or computers.

The results of the new study have significant implications for intelligent drug design and smart drug delivery, green energy production, low-cost diagnostic technologies and even the development of futuristic nanomachines capable of hunting down cancer cells or switching off aberrant genes.

"We're using very predictable and programmable RNA-RNA interactions to define what these circuits can do," says Green. "That means we can use computer software to design RNA sequences that behave the way we want them to in a cell. It makes the design process a lot faster."

The study appears in the advance online edition of the journal Nature.

Designer RNA

The approach described uses circuits composed of ribonucleic acid or RNA. These circuit designs, which resemble conventional electronic circuits, self-assemble in bacterial cells, allowing them to sense incoming messages and respond to them by producing a particular computational output, (in this case, a protein).

In the new study, specialized circuits known as logic gates were designed in the lab, then incorporated into living cells. The tiny circuit switches are tripped when messages (in the form of RNA fragments) attach themselves to their complementary RNA sequences in the cellular circuit, activating the logic gate and producing a desired output.

The RNA switches can be combined in various ways to produce more complex logic gates capable of evaluating and responding to multiple inputs, just as a simple computer may take several variables and perform sequential operations like addition and subtraction in order to reach a final result.

The new study dramatically improves the ease with which cellular computing may be carried out. The RNA-only approach to producing cellular nanodevices is a significant advance, as earlier efforts required the use of complex intermediaries, like proteins. Now, the necessary ribocomputing parts can be readily designed on computer. The simple base-pairing properties of RNA's four nucleotide letters (A, C, G and U) ensure the predictable self-assembly and functioning of these parts within a living cell.

Green's work in this area began at the Wyss Institute at Harvard, where he helped develop the central component used in the cellular circuits, known as an RNA toehold switch. The work was carried out while Green was a post-doc working with nanotechnology expert Peng Yin, along with the synthetic biologists James Collins and Pamela Silver, who are all co-authors on the new paper. "The first experiments were in 2012," Green says. "Basically, the toehold switches performed so well that we wanted to find a way to best exploit them for cellular applications."

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After arriving at ASU, Green's first grad student Duo Ma worked on experiments at the Biodesign Institute, while another postdoc, Jongmin Kim continued similar work at the Wyss Institute. Both are also co-authors of the new study.

Nature's Pentium chip

The possibility of using DNA and RNA, the molecules of life, to perform computer-like computations was first demonstrated in 1994 by Leonard Adleman of the University of Southern California. Since then, rapid progress has advanced the field considerably, and recently, such molecular computing has been accomplished within living cells. (Bacterial cells are usually employed for this purpose as they are simpler and easier to manipulate.)

The technique described in the new paper takes advantage of the fact that RNA, unlike DNA, is single stranded when it is produced in cells. This allows researchers to design RNA circuits that can be activated when a complementary RNA strand binds with an exposed RNA sequence in the designed circuit. This binding of complementary strands is regular and predictable, with A nucleotides always pairing with U and C always pairing with G.

With all the processing elements of the circuit made using RNA, which can take on an astronomical number of potential sequences, the real power of the newly described method lies in its ability to perform many operations at the same time. This capacity for parallel processing permits faster and more sophisticated computation while making efficient use of the limited resources of the cell.

Logical results

In the new study, logic gates known as AND, OR and NOT were designed. An AND gate produces an output in the cell only when two RNA messages A AND B are present. An OR gate responds to either A OR B, while a NOT gate will block output if a given RNA input is present. Combining these gates can produce complex logic capable of responding to multiple inputs.

Using RNA toehold switches, the researchers produced the first ribocomputing devices capable of four-input AND, six-input OR and a 12-input device able to carry out a complex combination of AND, OR and NOT logic known as disjunctive normal form expression. When the logic gate encounters the correct RNA binding sequences leading to activation, a toehold switch opens and the process of translation to protein takes place. All of these circuit-sensing and output functions can be integrated in the same molecule, making the systems compact and easier to implement in a cell.

The research represents the next phase of ongoing work using the highly versatile RNA toehold switches. In earlier work, Green and his colleagues demonstrated that an inexpensive, paper-based array of RNA toehold switches could act as a highly accurate platform for diagnosing the Zika virus. Detection of viral RNA by the array activated the toehold switches, triggering production of a protein, which registered as a color change on the array.

The basic principle of using RNA-based devices to regulate protein production can be applied to virtually any RNA input, ushering in a new generation of accurate, low-cost diagnostics for a broad range of diseases. The cell-free approach is particularly well suited for emerging threats and during disease outbreaks in the developing world, where medical resources and personnel may be limited.

The computer within

According to Green, the next stage of research will focus on the use of the RNA toehold technology to produce so-called neural networks within living cellscircuits capable of analyzing a range of excitatory and inhibitory inputs, averaging them and producing an output once a particular threshold of activity is reached, much the way a neuron averages incoming signals from other neurons. Ultimately, researchers hope to induce cells to communicate with one another via programmable molecular signals, forming a truly interactive, brain-like network.

"Because we're using RNA, a universal molecule of life, we know these interactions can also work in other cells, so our method provides a general strategy that could be ported to other organisms," Green says, alluding to a future in which human cells become fully programmable entities with extensive biological capabilities.

Explore further: Scientists borrow from electronics to build circuits in living cells

More information: Alexander A. Green et al, Complex cellular logic computation using ribocomputing devices, Nature (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nature23271

Journal reference: Nature

Provided by: Arizona State University

Living cells must constantly process information to keep track of the changing world around them and arrive at an appropriate response.

New achievements in synthetic biology announced today by researchers at the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, which will allow complex cellular recognition reactions to proceed outside of living cells, ...

Biomedical researchers are understanding the functions of molecules within the body's cells in ever greater detail by increasing the resolution of their microscopes. However, what's lagging behind is their ability to simultaneously ...

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A rapid Zika test, developed by an international, multi-institutional team of researchers led by synthetic biologist James Collins, Ph.D., at Harvard University's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, has ...

(Phys.org) Researchers at Rice University and the University of Kansas Medical Center are making genetic circuits that can perform more complex tasks by swapping protein building blocks.

The interdisciplinary nexus of biology and engineering, known as synthetic biology, is growing at a rapid pace, opening new vistas that could scarcely be imagined a short time ago.

A key step in unlocking the potential for greener, faster, smaller electronic circuitry was taken recently by a group of researchers led by UAlberta physicist Robert Wolkow.

A zinc-based battery that delivers a high voltage and substantial energy capacity could be set to rival conventional lithium-ion batteries, A*STAR researchers have found.

The ability of some animals, including chameleons, octopus, and squid, to change their skin colour for camouflage, temperature control, or communication is well known.

Attaching curcumin, a component of the common spice turmeric, to nanoparticles can be used to target and destroy treatment-resistant neuroblastoma tumor cells, according to a new study published in Nanoscale.

Just as members of a marching band align themselves for a performance, carbon nanotubes create a similar configuration.

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Scientists regenerate retinal cells in mice – Medical Xpress

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July 26, 2017 A microscope image showing glia cells and neurons in the eye's retina. Credit: Tom Reh lab/UW Medicine

Scientists have successfully regenerated cells in the retina of adult mice at the University of Washington School of Medicine in Seattle.

Their results raise the hope that someday it may be possible to repair retinas damaged by trauma, glaucoma and other eye diseases. Their efforts are part of the UW Medicine Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine.

Many tissues of our bodies, such as our skin, can heal because they contain stem cells that can divide and differentiate into the type of cells needed to repair damaged tissue. The cells of our retinas, however, lack this ability to regenerate. As a consequence, injury to the retina often leads to permanent vision loss.

This is not the case, however, in zebrafish, which have a remarkable ability to regenerate damaged tissue, including neural tissue like the retina. This is possible because the zebrafish retina contains cells called Mller glia that harbor a gene that allows them to regenerate. When these cells sense that the retina has been injured, they turn on this gene, called Ascl1.

The gene codes for a type of protein called a transcription factor. It can affect the activity of many other genes and, therefore, have a major effect on cell function. In the case of the zebrafish, activation of Ascl1 essentially reprograms the glia into stem cells that can change to become all the cell types needed to repair the retina and restore sight.

The team of researchers in the new study were led by Tom Reh, University of Washington School of Medicine professor of biological structure. The scientists wanted see whether it was possible to use this gene to reprogram Mller glia in adult mice. The researchers hoped to prompt a regeneration that doesn't happen naturally in mammal's retina.

Their research findings appear online July 26 in the journal Nature. The lead author is Nikolas Jorstad, a doctoral student in the Molecular Medicine and Mechanisms of Disease program at the University of Washington.

Like humans, mice cannot repair their retinas. Jorstad said that to conduct their experiment, the team "took a page from the zebrafish playbook." They created a mouse that had a version of the Ascl1 gene in its Mller glia. The gene was then turned on with an injection of the drug tamoxifen.

Earlier studies by the team had shown that when they activated the gene, the Mller glia would differentiated into retinal cells known as interneurons after an injury to the retina of these mice. These cells play a vital role in sight. They receive and process signals from the retina's light-detecting cells, the rods and the cones, and transmit them to another set of cells that, in turn, transfer the information to the brain.

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In their earlier research, however, the researchers found that activating the gene worked only during the first two weeks after birth. Any later, and the mice could no longer repair their retinas. Reh said that at first they thought another transcription factor was involved. Eventually they determined that genes critical to the Mller glia regeneration were being blocked by molecules that bind to chromosomes. This is one way cells "lock up" genes to keep them from being activated. It is a form of epigenetic regulationthe control of how and when parts of the genome operate.

In their new paper, Reh and his colleagues show that, by using a drug that blocks epigenetic regulation called a histone deacetylase inhibitor, activation of Ascl1 allows the Mller glia in adult mice to differentiate into functioning interneurons. The researchers demonstrated that these new interneurons integrate into the existing retina, establish connections with other retinal cells, and react normally to signals from the light-detecting retinal cells.

Reh said his team hopes to find out if there are other factors that can be activated to allow the Mller glia to regenerate into all the different cell types of the retina. If so, it might be possible, he said, to develop treatments that can repair retinal damage, which is responsible for several common causes of vision loss.

Explore further: Study helps explain how zebrafish recover from blinding injuries

More information: Nikolas L. Jorstad et al, Stimulation of functional neuronal regeneration from Mller glia in adult mice, Nature (2017). DOI: 10.1038/nature23283

Journal reference: Nature

Provided by: University of Washington

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Three chosen for LHS Hall of Fame induction – Crow River Media

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Three Litchfield High School graduates have been chosen for induction into the LHS Hall of Fame later this year.

The former students Dean Urdahl, Samara Reck-Peterson and Dave Kleis followed active high school careers by making their marks in professional lives ranging from politics to biology and education.

The inductees:

Dean Urdahl

Urdahl, who graduated in 1967, has served as a state representative for 15 years. He was first elected to the Minnesota House of Representatives in 2002.

But decades before that political career, Urdahl was a student in Litchfield schools, where he was active in sports and other organizations. He participated in speech, Future Teachers and Dragon newspaper, in addition to playing football, basketball and swimming. He also was manager for the high school baseball team.

Urdahl said current students should have goals and be persistent in striving to achieve them. Dont give up.

Following high school graduation, he attended St. Cloud State University. He went on to a 35-year teaching career in the New London-Spicer school district, where he taught history and coached the cross-country team. His runners earned three consecutive state titles.

Urdahl has served as president of the Meeker County Historical Society, chairman of the 1976 Forest City Stockade Restoration Committee, vice president of the Litchfield Baseball Association, Education Minnesota Local President for New London-Spicer, vice chairman of the Minnesota Republican Party in 1970-1971, and chairman of the Sixth District Republican Party Committee.

Urdahl has authored nine books, including a number of historical fiction novels set around the Dakota-American War.

Samara Samie Reck-Peterson

Reck-Peterson graduated from Litchfield High School in 1989 and went on to earn bachelors and masters degrees in biology at Carleton College in Northfield in 1993. She then earned a doctorate in cell biology from Yale University in 2000, and a National Institutes of Health postdoctoral fellowship at University of California at San Francisco in 2007.

She has been a professor of cellular and molecular medicine at University of California San Diego since 2015, following eight years as an associate professor of cell biology at Harvard Medical School in Boston.

Reck-Peterson served as the senior class president while at Litchfield High School, and was the class salutatorian. In addition, she competed in cross country, basketball and track. She served as captain of the cross country and track teams, and competed at the state meet in both sports. She also was a marching band member for three years.

Todays students should Figure out what you are passionate about, Reck-Peterson said. Then set goals for yourself and pursue them with determination.

During her professional career, Reck-Peterson has served as program chairwoman of The American Society for Cell Biology Annual Meeting, council member of The American Society for Cell Biology, been on the editorial board of the Journal of Cell Biology, board of reviewing editors of eLife, associate editor of Molecular Biology of the Cell, and has served as associate director of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program at Harvard Medical School.

Dave Kleis

Kleis has served as mayor of St. Cloud for the past 11 years, following an 11-year career in the Minnesota Senate.

He got his start in Litchfield, however, where he was active in sports and student organizations throughout high school. Kleis played football and ran track, serving as captain of the track team his senior year. He also served on the Student Council, including as class vice president his senior year. He also was a member of the German Club and choir.

He served 9 1/2 years in the U.S. Air Force and Air Force Reserve. Following military service, he joined the American Legion and served as post adjutant for Post 76 in St. Cloud.

Kleis is a small business owner in St. Cloud and he has been a member of the St. Cloud Area Chamber of Commerce and St. Cloud Rotary. He also served as chairman of the St. Cloud Metro Transit Commission and is a founding member and former co-chairman of the Mississippi River City & Towns Initiative.

Kleis said students today should Get involved in your community, get to know others, and contribute in every way you can. Life is an adventure, try not to worry so much about material reward, and invest in the moment.

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India’s biggest conference on integrative Ayurveda and Allopathy to … – ETHealthworld.com

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The Conference will bring together allopathic doctors, Ayurveda practitioners and modern scientists on a common platform.Kochi, July 26, 2017 Indias biggest conference on integrative Ayurveda and modern medicine, with 60 experts and 1,000 delegates from around the world participating, is set to begin at Kochis Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences on August 6, 2017. The two-day event, titled Amrita Samyogam 2017, is being held in collaboration with Amrita Universitys School of Ayurveda. It will be inaugurated by the Union Minister of State for AYUSH, Shripad Yasso Naik.

The Conference will bring together allopathic doctors, Ayurveda practitioners and modern scientists on a common platform. It will identify strategies for integrating Ayurveda with Allopathy in the management of cancer, auto-immune diseases like arthritis, diabetes, neuro-degenerative diseases, and mental health. The event will demonstrate how integrative medicine can be made a reality through examples of clinical integration, basic science studies, and application of new technologies.

Said Prof. Shantikumar Nair, Director, Centre for Nanosciences & Molecular Medicine, Amrita University: Integrating Indias ancient tradition of Ayurveda with evidence-based modern medicine has the potential to revolutionize world healthcare. Integrative medicine is becoming a popular specialty among physicians in Western countries because of the myriad ways in which it can benefit patients. It focuses on healing the person in entirety rather than merely treating the symptoms by investigating the root cause of illness. It is much more patient-centric and can positively impact chronic and lifestyle diseases for which modern medicine has no answer. Western medicine and Indian ancient healing sciences can be a win-win combination to effectively tackle the enormous healthcare challenges facing humanity.

Amrita Samyogam 2017 is expected to trigger important collaborations across the world in the field of integrative medicine, especially academic collaborations and funding opportunities. An International Journal of Integrative Health will be launched at the event and a Society for Integrative Health will be established to promote the development of Integrative Medicine in India.

Eminent medical experts attending the Conference include: Dr. Jeffrey White, Director of National Cancer Institute, USA; Dr. Daniel Furst, Rheumatologist at University of California; Dr. Nereo Bresolin, Neurologist, University of Milan; Dr. Christian Kessler, Internal Medicine Specialist, Charite Medical University, Germany; Dr. Valdis Pirags, Diabetologist, University of Latvia; Dr. Maryam Matar, Genetics Specialist, UAE; Dr. Ravi Mehrotra, Director, National Institute for Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Dr. B.N. Gangadhar, Director, NIMHANS, Bengaluru; Dr. Rama Jayasundar, Professor, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Dr. Ketaki Bapat, Scientific Advisor to the Government of India, and many others.

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Penn Medicine Cardiology Researcher Wins American Heart Association Outstanding Early Career Investigator Award – Newswise (press release)

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Newswise PHILADELPHIA Benjamin L. Prosser, PhD, an assistant professor of Physiology, in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, has received the Outstanding Early Career Investigator Award from the American Heart Associations (AHA) Council on Basic Cardiovascular Sciences, one of its scientific divisions.

Prossers award was based on his research to date and the originality, quality and impact of an oral abstract he presented at the Councils 2017 Basic Cardiovascular Sciences (BCVS) meeting, held earlier this month in Portland, Oregon. The presentation focused on the Prosser lab discovery that clinicians and researchers, working together, might improve the beating strength of heart cells from patients with heart failure by "softening" the internal cytoskeleton (the network of protein filaments and microtubules) of those cells.

Last year, in a paper published in Science, Prosser and his colleagues described advanced imaging techniques to explore microtubule behavior in beating heart-muscle cells from rodents. They discovered that healthy microtubules long believed to be stiff instead buckle with each contraction and then return to their original configuration. This process provides mechanical resistance for the beating of the heart, enabling the microtubules to serve as what Francis S. Collins, MD, PhD, director of the National Institutes of Health, called molecular shock absorbers in a blog about the findings. But, Prosser and his colleagues found that manipulating heart cells to increase microtubule stiffness impeded contraction, impairing cardiac function. A tentative conclusion is that microtubules provide sufficient, but not excessive resistance in healthy heart muscle.

The visual evidence produced by the Prosser team was a major advance, since it is technically difficult to see parts of heart muscle in operation in real time. Together, the findings and visual documentation have potentially powerful implications for better understanding how microtubules affect the mechanics of the beating heart and what happens when the process goes wrong. Prosser is now examining whether specific drugs can make diseased heart cells isolated from patients with heart failure beat stronger by enabling the microtubules to slide back and forth more smoothly. This would allow the heart to pump blood more efficiently with each contraction. Promising early studies from patient cells were presented at this years BCVS meeting.

Prosser received his BS degree in health and exercise science from Wake Forest University and his PhD in molecular medicine from the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

Under the AHAs criteria, early career investigators are PhDs and/or MDs who are still in training (e.g., residency, fellowship) or have completed training within the last four years; or PhDs and/or MDs who are within in the first four years after their first faculty appointment as of the award application date.

Penn Medicineis one of the world's leading academic medical centers, dedicated to the related missions of medical education, biomedical research, and excellence in patient care. Penn Medicine consists of theRaymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania (founded in 1765 as the nation's first medical school) and theUniversity of Pennsylvania Health System, which together form a $6.7 billion enterprise.

The Perelman School of Medicine has been ranked among the top five medical schools in the United States for the past 20 years, according toU.S. News & World Report's survey of research-oriented medical schools. The School is consistently among the nation's top recipients of funding from the National Institutes of Health, with $392 million awarded in the 2016 fiscal year.

The University of Pennsylvania Health System's patient care facilities include: The Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and Penn Presbyterian Medical Center -- which are recognized as one of the nation's top "Honor Roll" hospitals byU.S. News & World Report-- Chester County Hospital; Lancaster General Health; Penn Wissahickon Hospice; and Pennsylvania Hospital -- the nation's first hospital, founded in 1751. Additional affiliated inpatient care facilities and services throughout the Philadelphia region include Good Shepherd Penn Partners, a partnership between Good Shepherd Rehabilitation Network and Penn Medicine.

Penn Medicine is committed to improving lives and health through a variety of community-based programs and activities. In fiscal year 2016, Penn Medicine provided $393 million to benefit our community.

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Do we need separate his and hers medicine cabinets? – Medical Xpress

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July 26, 2017 Medication has different effects on men and women. In recent studies, Jena researchers have once again given concrete indications for the need for a gender-specific medicine. Credit: Jan-Peter Kasper/FSU

One difference between the sexes that medical professionals take seriously is the susceptibility to certain diseases.

"We know, for example, that inflammatory diseases such as asthma, psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis occur much more frequently in women than in men," says Prof. Oliver Werz of the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. The german pharmacist and his team, together with colleagues from Italy, Denmark and Sweden, have uncovered a significant cause for these sex differences at the molecular level. In two high-profile publications in the Journal of Clinical Investigation and Scientific Reports, they show how the male sex hormone testosterone interferes with the biosynthesis of inflammatory substances, and additionally reduces the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory drugs.

The researchers comprehensively analysed and compared inflammatory processes in diverse animal models and isolated immune cells from the blood of male and female human donors. This was made possible by a cell system developed in Prof. Werz's laboratory, in which the biochemical processes can be observed with high precision through time-resolved microscopy. "We investigated the formation of inflammatory substances, such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, and looked at whether the effect of anti-inflammatory drugs differs in male and female cells," explains Werz.

As expected, the effect of the drugs under investigation was significantly stronger in the female samples than in the male samplesafter all, the inflammatory process is much more pronounced in women. "However, these differences are completely abolished by the administration of testosterone," says Dr Simona Pace, first author of both papers. Previous studiesincluding work by Prof. Werz's team in Jenahave already shown that testosterone can protect against inflammatory reactions. "However, now we have been able to throw light on the molecular mode of action and show that testosterone also influences the therapeutic effect of drugs," notes the postdoc from the Department for Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry of the University of Jena.

The researchers found that the sex hormone directly interferes with leukotriene biosynthesis by blocking the necessary interaction between the "5-Lipoxygenase" and "FLAP" proteins. Secondly, they were able to prove that the reduced leukotriene synthesis leads to increased amounts of prostaglandins, which further promote inflammatory reactions. This means that testosterone plays a key role in the inflammatory process and in modulating the immune response.

With this work, the researchers have once again provided specific evidence supporting the need for gender-specific medicine. "Anti-inflammatory substances that are suitable for women may have only a limited effect in men, and the opposite might also be true," concludes Prof. Werz. Treatment using a single product from the medicine cabinet could therefore lead to very different levels of success. This is a fact that should clearly be considered much more carefully in future in developing new drugsespecially for treating inflammatory diseases. In future, this could even lead to separate 'his' and 'hers' medicine cabinets.

Explore further: How testosterone protects against inflammation

More information: Simona Pace et al. Androgen-mediated sex bias impairs efficiency of leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitors in males, Journal of Clinical Investigation (2017). DOI: 10.1172/JCI92885

Simona Pace et al. Sex differences in prostaglandin biosynthesis in neutrophils during acute inflammation, Scientific Reports (2017). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03696-8

Pharmacists of the University Jena, Germany, and partners have shown that cells from men and women react in a different manner to inflammatory stimuli. They found that in male cells the enzyme phospholipase D is less active ...

Lutein, a nutrient found in several highly coloured vegetables and fruits, can suppress inflammation, according to a new study by researchers at Linkping University, Sweden. The results, published in Atherosclerosis, suggest ...

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Do we need separate his and hers medicine cabinets? - Medical Xpress