Movie Review: Person to Person – The Young Folks

Its rather hard to be cavalier about someone elses problems when they take them so seriously and so personally.

Oh wait, no it isnt. Especially when theyre the types of problems found in Person to Person, which might as well come with a checklist so viewers can mark off every bad indie trope it contains. The film bills itself as a more eloquent mumblecore offering about a series of inconsequential stories about an ensemble cast of New Yorkers (of course thats where it takes place) while betting that well care about them by the end. In the end, do we? Maybe, but just not in the way Person to Person wants us to.

Most of the stories are unrelated or loosely tied together at best, but the common theme is our search for love and connection. Its certainly a timely topic, given our current state, one wherein people are connecting more online than in person.

Writer-director Dustin Guy Defa obviously thinks his movie is about his characters trying to forge new connections with various degrees of success, but Person to Person is really about how difficult it is for well-meaning men to get women to love them. With such values, its small wonder that he seems just as confused as much of the female cast (which wastes the likes of Abbi Jacobson and Michaela Watkins) about how they should come off. At least theyre not the only ones who deserve better, even if theyre the worst off. But each story involving a woman either revolves around them needing a man to find their place in life or acting as a catalyst so the guy can move on with his. Its also no accident that the most sexual character is not only the most objectified-which feels not only insulting and shameless, but bafflingly out of place-is also the one who gets stabbed to death. Or at leastIm pretty sure she does? Defa mentions a stabbing, and even shows us some blood, but doesnt even have the balls to tell us anything else.

Some stories are genuinely charming, like a music lover chasing down the man who sells him a fake record. But some of these little stories dont feel so inconsequential, such as the guy who at least feels guilty for uploading naked pictures of his ex. His comeuppance, which involves him posing naked with a stuffed animal to protect the sensibilities of men everywhere, is presented without a trace of irony that his photos are funny, while hers are humiliating, not because her privacy was violated, but rather due to the fact that it leaves her open to the lust of Internet creeps.

Person to Person also has an annoying sense of of self-righteousness about just what kind of person deserves love in their lives. And it has the kind of delivery thats supposed to be a more eloquent version of everyday speech, but in actuality just brings to mind a hipster douche banging the script out on his typewriter. The fact that he cant make a day in the life stretch longer than 84 minutes suggests even Defa isnt entirely interested in bringing out the best in this movie, in spite of all its minimalist touches that are sure to charm fans of the lo-fi aesthetics. If only hed put as much effort into the screenplay.

This is a reprint from the 2017 Sundance Film Festival. To read more coverage,go here.

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Movie Review: Person to Person - The Young Folks

Comcast-Backed Virtual Reality Startup AltspaceVR Shuts Down – Variety

Social virtual reality (VR) startup AltspaceVR has run out of funding and is going to shut down its service in early August. AltspaceVR announced the closure late Thursday, inviting its users to a final farewell party in its virtual world on August 3.

An AltspaceVR spokesperson told Variety that the companys staff of about 40 employees had been on furlough this week, and that their last day will be July 31.

The company has run into unforeseen financial difficulty and we cant afford to keep the virtual lights on anymore, the company said in a blog post. This is surprising, disappointing, and frustrating for every one of us who have put our passion and our hopes into AltspaceVR.

AltspaceVR had raised more than $15 million in funding from investors including Comcast Ventures,Tencent, Dolby Family Ventures and others. The company was looking to raise additional capital, but a new funding round didnt come together as planned. Weve been out fundraising but have run out of time and money, it said in a statement.

AltspaceVR had been building a social VR application that allowed users to meet up in virtual spaces and chat with each other as well as attend virtual events together. Some notable VR events held by the company included comedy nights with Reggie Watts, as well as a recent VR appearance of Bill Nye.

However, AltspaceVR had been facing increasing competition, including from Facebook, which introduced its own social VR app Spaces earlier this year. Whats more, the real-time nature of social VR represented a bit of a chicken-and-egg problem for AltspaceVR, forcing it to rely on the growth of a medium that is still in its infancy. In the end, AltspaceVR only had 35,000 users per month.

The companys leadership is now looking at all options to see how to continue the work done at AltspaceVR, according to its spokesperson. This presumably includes selling its technology and other assets to anyone interested in getting a head-start in social VR.

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Can virtual reality help save endangered Pacific languages? – ABC Online

Posted July 29, 2017 17:53:08

The Pacific is the most linguistically rich region in the world, with Papua New Guinea alone being home to a staggering 850 languages.

Yet experts fear that widespread language loss could be the future for the region.

To draw attention to the issue, and to document more Pacific languages, Australian researchers are trialling a new way of making their database of languages more exciting and accessible.

To do this, they are turning to virtual reality technology.

"We've got this fantastic resource a database of a thousand endangered languages," lead researcher Dr Nick Thieberger from the University of Melbourne said.

"But it's not very engaging, it's a bit dull, so we wanted to do something to change that."

Over the past 15 years, researchers from Australian universities have been digitalising recordings of languages and storing them in the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC).

The database has documented more than 6,000 hours of recordings from over 1,000 languages.

Earlier this year, Dr Thieberger, Dr Rachel Hendry a lecturer in digital humanities and media artist Dr Andrew Burrell created a virtual reality experience using files from the database.

Audiences don a pair of virtual reality goggles, allowing them to "fly across" Pacific nations such as Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea.

As they do so, shards of light emerge that play clips of local languages.

"We really wanted to look at how we could make this database more exciting for people and to get them engaging with it," Dr Thieberger said.

The VR display is currently only exhibited in museums, but the team is working on versions that could be accessed anywhere.

"We're working on an iPad version as well as a Google Cardboard version which will mean people in remote communities can have a comparable experience," Dr Thieberger said.

Dr Hendry said these types of immersive experiences will become more common.

"We're only just seeing the start of this type of immersive representation, and not just with language data," she said.

"Our technology and smart phone capabilities are growing every day and that's exciting for linguists wanting to get this out into the public."

It is hoped that with more public interaction with the database, people will help to expand the collection.

Much of the data in PARADISEC has come from researchers and the team are keen to get audio sent in from regular people.

"There are so many interesting recordings out there clips taken on local people's phones, tapes from tourists," Dr Thieberger said.

"Much of this stuff is just sitting in homes, and it's likely valuable to this collection.

"A good example is last year when we had some tapes arrive and it turned out to be the only known record of some of PNG's languages."

Dr Thieberger said many languages in the Pacific are passed down orally, meaning a recording might be their only documentation.

It also means they are more susceptible to extinction because as older speakers die they take their language with them unless it has been passed down to the next generation.

According to a UNESCO report on endangered languages, many languages are being replaced by 'world languages' such as English and French or being diluted through Creole languages such as Tok Pisin.

Dr Julia Miller is the data manager for the Centre of Excellence for the Dynamics of Language at the Australian National University, and oversees the ANU's PARADISEC unit.

Her research has involved fieldwork in the Morehead District of PNG.

Dr Miller said it's a region that is important to document because it has so far bucked the language loss trend.

"Tok Pisin hasn't become the dominant language there, so all the kids are learning languages of their mother as well as their fathers," she said.

"I'll be returning next year to do follow-up work and all of that material will be achieved in PARADISEC."

Dr Hendry said language revival is ultimately up to public will.

But this, she added, was where new technologies such as VR and language databases could help.

"It's important to have these types of databases because linguists can pull audio from there and creating things like VR's, create audio books where you can read along and re-learn languages," Dr Hendry said.

"And with things like the VR, it really shows what is at stake.

"It's not a policy paper, it's you being immersed in languages that are at risk, that's much more powerful for people and policy makers."

Dr Thieberger is pragmatic when considering language revival.

"I'm not sure we can say we are reviving languages but by doing this stuff people will want to go into it and from that they can reintroduce something back to the community," she said.

"It could be a song, a concept, or just a word it might not sound like a lot, but it's something."

Topics: languages, community-and-society, computers-and-technology, papua-new-guinea, pacific

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Cornell College student, professor build virtual reality surgery simulator – The Gazette: Eastern Iowa Breaking News and Headlines

Jul 28, 2017 at 5:34 pm | Print View

MOUNT VERNON Brian Johns likes to compare the research and development in virtual reality he and his engineering student, Nicholas Bieno, conducted this summer to a batting cage.

In the batting cage, one can have just as many misses as hits, yet suffer no consequences. In the end, you get your score and seek to improve. Its a form of practice that results in no harm and no foul.

This is a model Johns, an engineering professor at Cornell College in Mount Vernon, and Bieno, a rising senior at the small liberal arts college, looked to follow in developing a virtual reality surgery simulator.

Typically, how surgeons learn this right now is in the operating room on real patients, Johns said. So they watch the surgeon do it a couple times and then the surgeon will guide them and then toward the end of their training and residency they do it all on their own.

But what Johns and Bieno wanted to do was eliminate some of the risks, specifically those associated with the surgery to repair a type of hip fracture called an intertrochanteric fracture.

The idea with this is to create kind of a batting cage if you want to use a baseball analogy for this procedure a place where a person can get a lot of repetition and it may not be the most realistic but it is a lot of repetition and they can do it without the cost or risk involved with a real patient, Johns said.

Over 10 weeks, Bieno the student Johns selected for the project spent roughly 400 hours learning about virtual reality and the medical procedure before designing a virtual reality operating room and calibrating it with pieces specific to the surgery that he also created.

For eight hours every day, Bieno worked on the specifics of the simulator from the basement of the West Science Center on the Cornell campus, asking for assistance from Johns when needed.

Ive never actually worked on creating models for an operating room or anything like this before, Bieno said. So doing a lot of this stuff has been a first-time experience for me.

The project completed as part of the Cornell Summer Research Institute uses virtual reality to simulate visual elements of an operating room, integrate real world objects to replicate key surgical cues and ultimately minimize the risks and costs associated with current training methods.

Johns previously had worked on a different surgical simulator and said what he likes about virtual reality is that it opens up the capabilities to make the surgeries very realistic.

It could be used for practice before you become a surgeon, Johns said. I think it could be used for surgeons to brush up on their technique and then also as a validation device showing that this person is good enough to operate.

Thats kind of the long-, long-term gain. Were still in development now.

In the future, Johns and Bieno hope to quantify the precision of the motion-tracking hardware, streamline calibration of the surgery while maintaining accuracy and gather feedback to further validate the simulator.

The next step is to try and collaborate and get more input into this device, Johns said. What can we do to make it better?

l Comments: (319) 368-8531; alexandra.connor@thegazette.com

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Cornell College student, professor build virtual reality surgery simulator - The Gazette: Eastern Iowa Breaking News and Headlines

Studios, Start-Ups Bet on Shared Location-Based VR Experiences … – Variety

The spiders are everywhere. Hundreds of them are crawling all over barely lit brick walls and ceilings. Soon, you start to feel them on your neck and arms. You try to shake them off, hurry around the corners of the dark catacomb only to find yourself eye to eye with a giant sea serpent lunging out of the water, ready to attack.

SEE MORE: From the July 25, 2017, issue of Variety

Your heart starts racing, and for a second, you forget that none of this is real. The dragon, the spiders and the mysterious catacomb and its ghostly inhabitants are all part of an elaborate virtual reality experience called Curse of the Serpents Eye.

Built by VR start-up The Void, Curse is premiering next month at the companys headquarters in Lindon, Utah, where visitors are being asked to put on helmet-like VR headsets, special haptic feedback vests and computers integrated into backpacks.

Without any cables tying them down, users are free to explore a set that measures close to 700 square feet and combines a virtual world with real walls, doors, tangible props and good old imagineering tricks, like fans blowing hot air whenever the display in your headset shows fire. And you can do all of this with up to three friends, so you wont be the only one screaming when you feel those spiders.

You just do what you normally do, explains The Void co-founder and chief visionary officer James Jensen, whose previous career stints include mobile game design and tech work for the Mormon Church. Walk around, explore the world, use your real hands, grab items, touch stuff, he advises.

The Void was originally supposed to become a massive 21st-century amusement park in Utah. Then VR happened, and the founding team realized that you didnt need a couple square miles of land to build intricate worlds anymore. The company debuted its first commercial VR experience at Madame Tussauds in New Yorks Times Square a year ago and has since launched locations in Toronto and Dubai, where The Serpents Eye will be shown as well.

The company has struck partnerships with shopping malls, theme parks and movie theaters to open dozens of additional locations in Los Angeles, New York, Florida and abroad in the coming months. Eventually, it wants to run experiences on thousands of stages around the world.

In many cases, these will fill a void left by declining movie ticket sales and a crisis in retail, maintains The Void CEO Cliff Plumer: Whether its a theme park or shopping mall or movie theater, they are losing audience. They are looking for the new attraction. And Plumer, like others, is betting that VR can be that fresh lure plus a big cash cow for Hollywood.

The Voids first commercial experience was a VR adaptation of Ghostbusters, which the company produced in partnership with Sony Pictures. Behind the scenes, the company is already working on other titles based on big movie franchises. The studios are looking for new revenue streams, Plumer says. We have one, and its one thats easy for them to relate to.

Studio execs are clearly on board with the format. We believe that location-based VR will be the way that many people experience virtual reality for the first time, says Salil Mehta, president of 20th Century Foxs innovation unit, FoxNext. Its an incredible opportunity for us to create industry-defining immersive experiences that cant be replicated in your living room.

FoxNext is developing a location-based Alien VR experience; Fox has also invested in Dreamscape Immersive, one of The Voids competitors.

Lionsgate Interactive Ventures and Games president Peter Levin endorsed location-based VR wholeheartedly at the recent VRTL industry conference: We are extremely bullish on it, he said, simply.

Paramount unveiled a location-based VR experience for Michael Bays Transformers: The Last Knight at select theaters in June. And Disney decided to come along for the ride with The Void, adding the company to its most recent batch of Disney Accelerator start-ups.

Weve heard over and over from film studios that location-based is becoming part of their strategy moving forward, says Doug Griffin, chief executive for Nomadic, a Bay Area-based location-based VR start-up.That enthusiasm partially can be explained by the slower-than-expected growth of home-based VR. Facebook-owned Oculus, which many pegged as a market leader, sold only a few hundred thousand headsets in 2016. The same goes for competitor HTC. Sony took nine months to sell 1 million of its PSVR headsets.

Weve all seen that the audience hasnt shown up yet, says Plumer, who was an early investor in Oculus. The in-home experience, the mobile experience, is probably still three to five years away.

Part of this is the result of VR sticker shock. Prices for headsets have come down recently, but anyone interested in a higher-end VR solution still needs to invest around $1,500 for a headset and the latest-generation computer necessary to run it. Thats why some are betting on VR arcades as a way to experience virtual worlds without spending an arm and a leg.

One of those players is Imax, which opened its first VR experience center in Los Angeles in January. Imaxs model differs from that of The Void in that it doesnt focus on just a single, big virtual world. The companys VR centers instead house a number of pods, or smaller VR setups with wired headsets that are closer to home-based VR installations, without the complicated equipment used at The Void. The Imax VR center often runs experiences available to headset-owning consumers as well.

Imax launched a second location in New York last month. Now, the company is looking at Toronto; Manchester, England; and Shanghai. Imax chief business development officer Rob Lister tells Variety the giant-screen firm plans to run a total of 10 locations by the end of the year. Weve been really, really pleased with the start, Lister says, with audience numbers continuing to exceed expectations.

Later this year, Imax is going to crunch more numbers and evaluate whether location-based VR could be the next big thing for the company, which operates more than 1,000 theaters in better than 66 countries. Many of those theaters could one day include their own VR arcades, giving people another reason to come to the venues, and thus help boost ticket sales. Says Lister: We are off to a very promising start.

Imax is using its soft launch this year to experiment with locations: Its debuting stand-alone properties as well as VR arcades in movie theaters, with technology that includes higher-end headsets than those available to consumers, rumble chairs for virtual roller-coaster rides, gun-shaped VR controllers, and social integrations for multiplayer gaming. And the company is actively looking at bigger, more Void-like setups that would allow users to walk around freely, Lister says.

In the end, though, Imax is targeting franchises, not hardware, to lure consumers. Content is a really big part of our differentiation strategy, says Lister. The company has launched a $50 million fund to invest in VR games and experiences, in turn getting exclusive windows and other special perks from developers. Ultimately, the deals might appear similar to those in the companys theater business, explains Lister, where Imax regularly partners with directors for optimized versions of their movies.

Joining Imax, Nomadic, Dreamscape and The Void are a number of other location-based VR companies including Vrcade, whose technology is being used by restaurant and entertainment franchise Dave & Busters.

But VR-focused market research firm Greenlight Insights cautions that location-based VR could be hampered by a lack of content, as well as by technical challenges. And others argue that VR in movie theaters and malls may lose its luster once home-based VR improves.

However, Jensen doesnt believe that better and cheaper headsets will make location-based experiences like the ones produced by The Void obsolete. That would be a little bit like saying one day, people will build roller coasters in their home. Its just not going to happen.

Still, there are operational challenges that come with taking VR to public venues. Companies like The Void have to strike a balance between providing deeply immersive experiences and theme park ride-like efficiency, which requires them to gently nudge consumers along so they dont spend too much time in an experience. In Nomadics current demo, an invisible guide tells participants to hurry before theyre killed by flying drones. The Voids Ghostbusters experience literally ends with a big bang as participants blow up a giant marshmallow monster, accompanied by the smell of smores.

Another challenge is pricing, especially since the main action rarely lasts longer than 15 minutes. The Void charges around $30 per person for its experiences, which can make frequent visits a pricy proposition. Imax, on the other hand, sells access to its less elaborate experiences for as little as $10. Nomadics Griffin thinks lower prices are key to taking location-based VR mainstream. We want to bring this medium of entertainment to neighborhoods everywhere, he says. We dont charge a price that is out of reach for those smaller neighborhoods and communities.

Griffin also wants cheaper prices because he sees Nomadic VR centers as more like movie theaters than theme parks. People are supposed to come back every few weeks and experience new content frequently. To achieve that, the company has been building highly modular sets with easily movable walls and props that can be quickly repurposed to support new experiences a kind of Lego for VR sets, if you will. We want our venue partners to have very little downtime, Griffin says. When they switch from one experience to the other, they should be able to do that very quickly, without having to hire construction crews, without having to shut down for a month.

The Void, meanwhile, is betting more on its ability to tweak existing experiences over time to make them feel fresh for repeat visitors. We will have long-lasting experiences, Jensen says. You look at Ghostbusters in New York Times Square. That could exist there for 10 to 20 years.

The start-up is building a content pipeline to eventually offer new experiences every three to six months in some of its locations, but its also looking to get people to return by other means.Key to these efforts is developing a mobile app that will allow consumers to design their own avatars at home and forge a persistent profile.

We want to create an engagement with The Void even when youre not there, Jensen says. Consumers will be able to download videos of their past visits and collect points and virtual items for their avatar. At some point, The Void may even enable consumers who visit an experience to interact in real time with their friends at home, he says.

The success of location-based VR hinges on content and the possibilities it offers consumers. This could include virtual worlds based on Hollywood movies, catacombs full of monsters and spiders, strolls over the surface of the moon or things as simple as extreme sports, Jensen says. Deep-sea diving: Id love to do that, but its probably not ever gonna happen for me. I have kids. I have a family. And I dont want to risk my life, he quips. Were just scratching the surface of what we can create.

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Studios, Start-Ups Bet on Shared Location-Based VR Experiences ... - Variety

Opinion: Virtual reality is about to go mainstream, as HTC beats Facebook and Lenovo to market – MarketWatch

At the ChinaJoy 2017 digital-entertainment conference in Shanghai starting Thursday, virtual-reality (VR) pioneer HTC announced its standalone VR headset aimed at the China market.

This marks the first major player in the virtual-reality space to officially reveal a standalone product intended for the broad consumer market. The benefits are that its more affordable and portable.

Standalone VR headsets differ from current options in two distinct ways. First, they are disconnected from a PC and dont require an attachment to a desktop for processing or display output. The current HTC Vive and Facebooks FB, +1.18% Oculus Rift require a high-end PC to play VR games and use HDMI and USB connections to power the headsets. This new standalone design also moves away from the slot-in design of the Samsung SSNLF, +0.91% Gear VR and doesnt require the user to monopolize their smartphone for VR purposes.

Though mobile-first VR solutions like Gear VR have existed for several years, selling on the market before the PC-based solutions were released, the move of Taiwan-based HTC from tethered virtual reality to a wireless standalone unit signals a shift in the market. Consumers see the value and quality experiences that VR can provide but the expense and hassle of in-place configurations have stagnated adoption.

HTC is using the Qualcomm QCOM, +0.74% Snapdragon 835 Mobile Platform to power the Vive standalone VR headset, the same chipset used in many high-end smartphones on the market today.

Qualcomm and HTC can modify traits of the processor to improve performance without worrying about the sensitive battery life of a consumers phone. Though we dont know the specifics of what HTC might have modified for the configuration of this standalone unit, it likely is a mirror of the Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 VR hardware development kit that was announced in February.

That design includes the capability for six degrees of freedom tracking (moving around a space accurately without external sensors), high-resolution displays for each eye, and a full suite of graphics and digital signal processors to handle the complex workloads of VR experiences.

Though HTC is the first to announce a complete standalone VR product, HTC and others intend to release standalone units in the U.S. later this year through Googles GOOG, +0.80% Daydream program. Beijing-based Lenovo plans to build a VR headset using the same Qualcomm reference design for the Daydream platform.

Facebook-owned Oculus of Menlo Park, California, has not officially announced its intent, but rumors in July point us to another Qualcomm-powered headset that will sell for around $200. Facebook plans to reveal the hardware in October.

HTCs decision to target the China market first is driven by its ability to promote its custom Viveport software store in a region that does not offer Google services like the Android Play Store or Daydream. HTC will leverage a customer base that is larger than North America and Western Europe combined, and one that is expected to grow rapidly.

IDC statistics show VR headset shipments reaching 10.1 million units this year and target 61 million units by 2020 worldwide. iResearch Consulting estimates Chinese VR market revenues will reach $8.1 billion in that time frame.

Growth in VR and AR (augmented reality) is driven by consumer markets, but it is the enterprise implementations that provide the push for expanded usage models. Medical professionals already use VR technology to analyze data, and mechanical engineers can dissect and evaluate models of products in a virtual space to improve and speed up workflows. Target fields also include factory workers, emergency personnel, the military, delivery drivers and nearly all facets of business.

As VR technology improves usability, comfort and general societal acceptance, the merger of virtual- and augmented-reality hardware will create a new age of connected consumers.

Ryan Shrout is the founder and lead analyst at Shrout Research, and the owner of PC Perspective. Follow him on Twitter @ryanshrout.

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Opinion: Virtual reality is about to go mainstream, as HTC beats Facebook and Lenovo to market - MarketWatch

A billion tweets turned into virtual reality – University of California

In Georges Seurats masterpiece, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, the artist used millions of dots of color to paint a scene of Parisians at a park along the banks of the River Seine. When it was exhibited for the first time in 1886, the technique known as pointillism was revolutionary and sparked a new artistic movement: Neo-Impressionism.

Today, 131 years later,Laila Shereen Sakr, an assistant professor in UC Santa BarbarasDepartment of Film and Media Studies, is using billions of social media posts to create a revolutionary work of art. Using a program she developed the R-Shief Media System, which has been collecting and analyzing social media posts since 2008 shes building a virtual reality (VR) world that gives form to those countless tweets.

How can we create a cinematic VR production out of these tweets? Sakr said. Can we make a VR production thats cinematic using real-time data? Social media in particular seemed very apt. We started thinking, What would that cinematic world look like?

In the 2018 Arab Future Tripping VR Prototype Sakr developed, that world looks like its from another universe. Her cyborg avatar VJ Um Amel video jockey mother of hope in Arabic moves through a landscape literally animated by tweets. Trees sprout from the ground, each one a virtual manifestation of an individual social media post.

The shape of the tree is not random, Sakr explained. Its shaped according to the data weve structured from our Twitter archive. I am approaching this world-building project using a mix of gaming, sculpture, design and cinematic production methodologies.

The VR prototype, which was funded with a UC Santa Barbara Academic Senate Faculty Research Grant, was fueled by 60,000 users who tweeted roughly half a million posts during the Womens March in January. Developed with the help of her two graduate lab assistants, Intae Hwang and Han-Wei Kung, the VR project is the culmination of Sakrs latest version of R-Shief. The software, she said, has collected some 30 billion tweets since 2008.

Ive got this crazy archive and I want people to be able to know whats in it, she said. So Im thinking of new modes of knowledge production given the digital form of social media data. How do we produce knowledge based on this primary source? And Im working my way through this universe knowing that Im just a tiny explorer on this ship. Its much bigger than I am; it is humbling.

Sakrs VR project comes on the 10thanniversary of creating VJ Um Amel, her digital alter ego. VJ Um Amel is a name I use in a set of art practices where I explore the implications of placing the identity ofmother and a techno-feminist construct of cyborg within local and transnational expressions of Arab, she writes inA VJ Manifesto.

To mark the decade, she will also release R-Shief 5.0 and publish a book on Arabic open-source software movement and its role in the Arab uprisings. When the VR project is complete Sakr wants to have an immersive space with multiple screens and projectors. She would also like to see it installed in galleries and museums as a traveling exhibit. In the meantime she faces the daunting task of scaling up the project to its full potential.

I want to use the entire database, she said. Right now Im just testing. What you see is only a hundred rows of data. It is just the conceptualizing part of the project. After this, we have to build the whole thing.

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A billion tweets turned into virtual reality - University of California

The Most Influential Memes on the Internet – Fox Weekly

Ever heard of a Lolcat, or been Rickrolled? Do you know about the planking craze that swept social media a few years ago, or even the dancing hamster from the Internets dark ages? If so, then you have encountered a meme, or an Internet meme to be more specific. The concept of a meme, as understood most widely, refers to something comical, in bold type, shared on social media or through email, involves a picture or video, and often uses popular catchphrases from movies or television shows to offer a critique on or mockery of a person or situation. Their spread is viral, usually through shares or likes, depending on the social media platform, and they can quickly rise from relative obscurity to become cultural mainstays of the Internet. The Internets love for cats, for example, is almost as old as the web itself, and memes are not a recent invention. In fact, the term meme takes inspiration from a very sophisticated scientific theory about the role of genes in evolution.

The idea of the meme comes from a groundbreaking 1976 book The Selfish Gene by English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and best-selling author Clinton Richard Dawkins. A meme, as described in his book, is an idea, behavior, or style that spreads among a population of people. It carries with it ideas, symbols, or practices that can be passed on from one person to another person through writing, speech, specific gestures, or any other imitable phenomena with a mimicked theme. The term meme is a neologism, or a word that is particular to a certain group but which is not part of the larger lexicon. Though largely known in some of the more popular mainstream media for his opposition to theistic religion, prior to this Dawkins theories about a gene-centered evolutionary track was revolutionary for its time and introduced his scientific concept of the meme.

He theorized that memes are subject to natural selection, the theory by Darwin that the species most adapted for survival in a given situation will survive and perpetuate and those that are not will not survive, and that memes undergo variation, mutation, competition, and inheritance, each of which influences a memes success. Dawkins theory of the meme gave rise to the field of memetics in the 1990s which seeks to link the scientific concept of the meme with identifiable evidence using the scientific method.

The popular Internet meme is something people can imitate in action, concept, a catchphrase, or some type of media that is spread through viral means and inspires imitation. Usually it can be done for humorous or comedic effect but also for satirical, critical, and serious application as well in other words, not every meme is funny or lighthearted. Some Internet memes are tied to specific Internet cultures and subcultures, and even some massively multiplayer online games like EVE Online have their own subset of memes which employ the jargon and in-game knowledge that make theme specific to the EVE subculture on the Internet and otherwise inscrutable to outsiders.

The term coined by Richard Dawkins in The Selfish Gene was applied to Internet culture, in particular usenet and message boards that popularized the media-based Internet memes, by Wired magazines Mike Godwin in 1993 in an attempt to explain how viral media spread on the Internet and became a part of wider Internet culture and even sometimes pop culture itself. Dawkins is careful to distinguish between his concept of the meme and the Internet meme in that the Internet variant can be affected by human creativity. In addition, they are completely traceable and their origins are analyzable, unlike the scientific version whose roots may be lost to time.

Some of the more popular memes mentioned above, such as Lolcats and planking, have even become big business in their own respect. While most memes are often associated with powerful and influential Internet culture forums like 4chan, Something Awful, or Reddit, many have also gone on to become a big business. I Can Has Cheezburger is one of the most prominent examples of this phenomenon spinning off the popular and ever-present Lolcats meme into a full-fledged Internet-based business. Eric Nakagawa and Kari Unebasami are co-founders and owners of the website which launched off of the now iconic I Can Has phrase. Often this phrase is paired with something nonsensical or comedic within context.

The origins of many of the Internets most popular memes can be traced using KnowYourMeme.com, which will not only detail the background of the meme in question but will also show its origin and variants.

Here is a list of some of the most influential memes to ever grace the Internet:

Charlie the Unicorn

An animated short from Jason Steele of ShortCow.com, Charlie the Unicorn is one of the most-remixed flash animations on the web. The titular unicorns quest to the mythical candy mountain is an odd subject for one of the most viewed memes on the Internet.

Chocolate Rain

This nonsensical song by then-grad student Tay Zonday has been featured on everything from South Park to alt-rock band Weezers music video for their track Pork and Beans.

Grape Stomp Lady

From a news report out of WAGA in Atlanta, this reporters epic tumble on air is probably most memorable for its immediate cringe factor and the harrowing sound she makes after she falls. In an attempt to gain some type of leverage over her opponent, Grape Stomp Lady hurriedly mashes the grapes underneath her feet after time is called and, in a moment of lapsed control, tumbles over the rim of the bucket and off the stage, falling headfirst into the audience. Really, the sound she makes is too much.

Chuck Norris

If youve seen anything about the invincible Chuck Norris, congratulations, youve seen one of the webs most prolific memes. Each of these memes is easily identifiable because its focus is on Chuck Norris and one of his many amazing qualities. If youre not familiar with the Walker Texas Ranger Star, dont fear most people who make the memes are unfamiliar with the action stars previous work but that doesnt stop his fighting spirit from living on in one of the most popular memes of all time.

I Regret Nothing

This is another popular meme with more variants than there are snowflakes in a blizzard. Typically it features someone in a compromising situation, implying that whatever preceded beforehand was so worth the social expense of looking like a shambolic mess that there are no regrets about the consequences. This one is quite common because of its ease of adaptability and, unlike most of the other popular memes, can be applied almost instantly to any situation.

Dancing Baby (Old School)

If youre old enough to remember the terrifying 3D polygon model of a dancing newborn then youve been with the Internet long enough that you dont need to read the rest of this explanation. For those of you who dont know about this thing that was a thing at one time, well, here are the basics: 3D technology was cool, a model of a flesh-toned infant dancing to music (sometimes without) was considered hilarious, and it was a completely different time. It was 1996.

Peanut Butter Jelly Time

If youre a fan of family guy then you know about Peanut Butter Jelly Time. Really not a lot more to say about this meme other than it is catchy. The original was a gif shared on the web that featured a banana swaying back and forth like Bryan does on Family Guy. For some reason, this was a big deal. Gotta love it!

Leeroy Jenkins

World of Warcraft is a gaming sensation to this day, so its difficult to imagine that the original game came out so long ago. The game is such a mainstay of the internet that it has spawned its own memes as part of its own subculture. Most well-known among these memes is the Leeroy Jenkins meme. What the deal is with this meme requires some explanation: In MMORPGs (massively multiplayer online role-playing games) like WoW you team up with other online players to conduct what are called raids massive dungeons filled with elite enemies and coveted loot that often require planning and strategy on the part of the players leading others into the raid. This coordination is sometimes crucial to success and survival in the raid, as some bosses are capable of destroying the entire party quite quickly if things are not done correctly. As a raid leader is explaining the situation to his assembled squad, one player charges the raid boss and scream Leeroy Jenkins and thus was born one of gamings biggest memes.

All Your Base Are Belong to Us

Another classic video game meme comes from an incorrect translation of the 1989 Japanese video game Zero Wing for the Nintendo Entertainment System. The phrase is now somewhat mainstream and well-known to gamers.

Diet Coke and Mentos

Diet Coke and the candy Mentos equals a volcanic eruption. It is also one of the oldest memes on the web.

Originally posted here:

The Most Influential Memes on the Internet - Fox Weekly

Incarnations of Immortality – Wikipedia

Incarnations of Immortality is the name of an eight-book fantasy series by Piers Anthony. The first seven books each focus on one of seven supernatural "offices" (Death, Time, Fate, War, Nature, Evil, and Good) in a fictional reality and history parallel to ours, with the exception that society has advanced both magic and modern technology. The series covers the adventures and struggles of a group of humans called "Incarnations", who hold these supernatural positions for a certain time.

The title may allude to William Wordsworth's 1804 poem Ode: Intimations of Immortality.

Incarnations uses its premise to ponder questions regarding the nature of life. As each character goes from a mortal life to the "office" of an Incarnation, they are forced to contemplate their actions on a daily basis. Each Incarnation may use their office, within limits, as they see fit. This system humanizes what would otherwise be impersonal forces, leading to both extensive considerations of the effects of the incarnation's work and the impact it has on not only humanity but also the other offices of immortality as well.

Another humorous side of Incarnations is the portrayed magic/technology duality. Most series emphasize one or the other means of understanding and manipulating the world, but in Incarnations, each method is equal in usefulness and respect. This leads to a number of amusing parallels, such as competition between automobile and magic-carpet manufacturers. By the future time period of Norton, magic is referred to as the Fifth Fundamental Force, with its own primary particle, the Magicon (similar to a graviton). A few other series have used the technology/magic combined motif, notably Apprentice Adept, another series by Piers Anthony, and Four Lords of the Diamond by Jack Chalker, although that book had an actual technological basis for the explanation of its magic, in contrast to Piers Anthony's work.

Anthony uses the number five extensively, often with things that exist in fours in our world. The five Incarnations are associated with the five elements (Death with Earth, Fate with Water, War with Fire, Nature with Air, and Time with Void), and often other items with fives (the previously mentioned Book of Five Rings). There are five fundamental interactions, magic being the fifth. The Llano consists of five songs. In On a Pale Horse, Gaea teaches Zane five patterns of thought, each represented by diagrams of five short lines.

A fourth theme of Incarnations is the multigenerational human story between the Incarnations. Previous characters repeatedly appear in later novels, and by the final novel, every major character is related by blood, marriage, or affair. See the family tree below.

More:

Incarnations of Immortality - Wikipedia

Free immortality Essays and Papers – 123helpme

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This sculpture can show you this on how mummification gave upbringing to complex arts in ancient Egypt. The sculpture is the Mummy Case of Paankhenamun. The artwork is currently viewed at The Art Institute of Chicago. The sculpture was from the third period, Dynasty 22, in ancient Egypt. However, the sculpture has many features to it that makes it so unique in ancient Egypt from any other time.... [tags: essays research papers] 1397 words (4 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Free Essays - Immortality and the Epic of Gilgamesh - Immortality and the Epic of Gilgamesh Immortality - (a) the quality or state of being immortal. (b) never ending existence. Although that is the Webster definition of immortality, what is never-ending existence. That question has a different answer for everyone. Some people believe that never-ending existence happens by never physically dying, and others believe that immortality can be obtained through your children. I personally feel that your children cannot give you immortality nowadays because of all the influences outside of the home.... [tags: Epic Gilgamesh essays] 401 words (1.1 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Discussion of D.Z. Phillips Conception of Immortality - Discussion of D.Z. Phillips Conception of Immortality In his book 'Death and Immortality', D Z Phillips starts by asking the question: does belief in immortality rest on a mistake. The first two chapters are negative in the sense that they examine traditional philosophical, as well as common sense, conceptions of what immortality means. Phillips argues that philosophical analyses centred on the notion of immortality have generally been constructed around certain essential presuppositions: presuppositions that assume some form of continuation of personal identity after death.... [tags: Papers] 1096 words (3.1 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Ode Intimations of Immortality by William Wordsworth - Ode Intimations of Immortality by William Wordsworth In Ode: Intimations of Immortality, William Wordsworth explores the moral development of man and the irreconcilable conflicts between innocence and experience, and youthfulness and maturity that develop. As the youth matures he moves farther away from the divinity of God and begins to be corruption by mankind. What Wordsworth wishes for is a return to his childhood innocence but with his new maturity and insight. This would allow him to experience divinity in its fullest sense: he would re-experience the celestial radiance of childhood as well as the reality of his present existence.... [tags: Papers] 832 words (2.4 pages) Better Essays [preview] Immortality Discovered: New Scientific History of Mankind or Simply Challenging God? - ... We affirm that these neurons can last for at least three thousand years before needing further replacement, said Kawasaki. However, it will require a lot of funding to produce those electrical neurons. Another way of rejuvenating brain cells is by transforming them into other cell types and reproducing indefinitely. Dr. Kawasaki revealed that they extracted mature human brain cells from epilepsy patients and coaxed them into other types of brain cells. The human cells also transformed into different types of brain tissue when transplanted into the brains of mice.... [tags: religious beliefs] :: 5 Works Cited 742 words (2.1 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Bernard Williams' Paper The Makropulos Case - ... Pushing the idea further, it does appear that immortality is a positive thing when an individual can pursue new and ever evolving categorical desires as their life continues. This idea will reemerge as we discuss avoiding boredom over infinity. Building upon the accumulation of categorical desires, Williams asserts that as we approach temporal infinity all those desires have been satisfied. The satisfaction of these desires is not by means of just enough fulfillment, but by a more than enough sense of fulfillment.... [tags: reflections on the tedium of immortality] :: 1 Works Cited 1996 words (5.7 pages) Term Papers [preview] The Immortality of the Soul - Plato has roused many readers with the work of a great philosopher by the name of Socrates. Through Plato, Socrates lived on generations after his time. A topic of Socrates that many will continue to discuss is the idea of an immortal soul. Although there are various works and dialogues about this topic it is found to be best explained in The Phaedo. It is fair to say that the mind may wonder when one dies what exactly happens to the beloved soul, the giver of life often thought of as the very essence of life does it live on beyond the body, or does it die with it.... [tags: Philosophy ] :: 3 Works Cited 1430 words (4.1 pages) Powerful Essays [preview] The Desire for Everlasting Life and Gilgamesh - The desire for everlasting life or immortality has been the first and the oldest quest of mankind. At the beginning of time, man was designed to live forever. When God created Adam, he created him to dwell on the earth and to fill it with his offsprings. At no time was he told that this was a temporary arrangement. He was to live forever unless he ate from one certain tree. If he ate from that tree, then he would die. We are then left with several questions, if he had not eaten from that tree, would he still be alive.... [tags: immortality, Epic of Gilgamesh, Foster] 1272 words (3.6 pages) Strong Essays [preview] To Accept or Not Accept Socrates Theory of Recollection as Sufficient Answer to Menos Paradox - ... The problem of circularity in Socrates justification is especially problematic because it highlights the weak foundation that his entire theory is built upon. If the basis of ones theory is unsound there is no reason to accept what has been built up from it. If Socrates refutation of Menos Paradox is that knowledge is simply recollection, it is necessary that he prove the immortality of the soul independently. Since Socrates has failed to do so, then his theory cannot be accepted a sufficient way of overcoming the paradox.... [tags: immortality, slave, interrogation] 1008 words (2.9 pages) Better Essays [preview] The Transition from Life to Death in Because I Could not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson - ... The second definition is fame, or to live on through an action. The third definition is to have an eternal resting here on this plane. Her physical body will remain here in a grave and not pass into the afterlife. To understand why Ms. Dickinson may have used such gentle terms for death, one must first understand her background. She was a Puritan Calvinist (Polanski 39), and therefore believed that death was just a simple passing from one life to the next. To the speaker, death is a journey, taken at a leisurely pace.... [tags: immortality, journey, afterlife] :: 1 Works Cited 817 words (2.3 pages) Better Essays [preview] Representations of Death in Because I Could Not Stop for Death by Emily Dickinson - ... Carriage is a capitalized noun which has a big meaning for Dickinson. With capitalizing Ourselves she means the relationship between death and her. She wants us to believe and know that something serious is going to happen between death and her. The last interesting word in this stanza is Immortality. It is a hint that Dickinson is not talking about death at the end, but it can be an example for life after death. The next stanza starts with We slowly drove, he knew no haste. It represents that they have all the time they want and that they use it properly.... [tags: immortality, characterization, cold] :: 1 Works Cited 822 words (2.3 pages) Better Essays [preview] Epic Journeys towards Improvement in The Epic of Gilgamesh and Oedipus Rex - ... The hero of Uruk will do whatever it takes to leave his mark in the world. The fact that Gilgamesh is mostly divine helps him overcome fear that would scare a mere mortal. Oedipus is just a plain human being that was prayed to the gods and is desperately trying to not have the predictions come true. Being human limits Oedipus in many ways. It gives him a disadvantage in physical fights, but being all human can also give him an advantage. Oedipus feels sympathy for his people and feels true pain, while Gilgamesh, at first, would mate with bridesmaids with no care in the world.... [tags: prophecy, immortality, kingdom] :: 2 Works Cited 659 words (1.9 pages) Research Papers [preview] The Epic of Gilgamesh: The Ignorance of Gilgamesh - In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Gilgameshs pursuit for immortality is marked by ignorance and selfish desire. Desire and ignorance, as The Buddha-karita of Asvaghosha suggests, pollutes mans judgment resulting in his inability to break the cycle of birth and death. At the core of Gilgameshs desire resides his inability to accept the inevitability of death, making his rationality behind the pursuit of immortality ignorant and selfish. Implicitly, Gilgameshs corrupt desire for immortality conveys that Gilgamesh does not mature as a character.... [tags: Gilgamesh, Desire, Immortality] :: 1 Works Cited 1013 words (2.9 pages) Strong Essays [preview] The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot - ... She mentions how according to the Hayflick Limit, human cells were able to replicate an average of fifty times. In addition, she explains how telomeres in cells shrink slightly every time the cell divides. According to Aging Cells 2004 article The Cellular Lifespan and Senescence Signalring in Embryonic Stem Cells, tumor cells have high telomerase activity yet they are not immortal. HeLa cells, similarly to Embryonic Stem (ES) Cells have the tumor suppressor gene p53 turned off. This differentiates HeLa from other tumor cells; while other tumor cells will replicated more than the average cell and eventually reach senescence, HeLa continues to replicate to this day thanks to the HPV... [tags: cell immortality, scientific analysis] 600 words (1.7 pages) Research Papers [preview] Is the Prolonged Span of Life by Medic Care Technology a Triumph or a Tragedy? - ... The answer is obvious. In general, I would characterize aging more of a tragedy than a triumph based on the current situation. In other words, there is still much we can do to improve the quality of our aging procession. To begin with, there are health issues eating up the life quality of elder people. Nowadays, the health system is still exerting more efforts on quantity instead of quality of life for elder people. Life quality could always be sacrificed for the sake of longevity. Such an idea has put millions of elder people living long lives living in long-term pain and suffering.... [tags: ancient civilization, humanity, immortality] 852 words (2.4 pages) Better Essays [preview] Because I Coulndt Stop fo Death by Emily Dickinson - ... The carriage in the poem can be taken literally, but some readers may also choose to interrupt it as a casket, which further outlines the poems relation to death. One of the great wonders of this poem is that like many of Dickinsons works, there is not just one clear meaning. Adding immortality to the carriage may seem contradictory, but it can introduce the idea that Emily Dickinson sees death a step towards eternal life. In the second Stanza, the speaker says that they drove slowly and knew no haste, meaning that they took their time and did not hurry.... [tags: love, and nature, immortality] 964 words (2.8 pages) Better Essays [preview] Alexander the Great: Was He Really That Great? - ... (Fritz, M, Unknown). Alexander the Great fought the battle of Issus soon after the battle at Granicus. Although Alexander was greatly outnumbered by Darius army, Alexander proved to be a better strategist and was victorious once again. The battle was bloody and the Pinarus River was said to have run red with blood (N.S Gill 2013). He had defeated Darius again, who had fled the field. These two great battles show his tactics were impressive and were successful against the Persian army. Darius III was the last king of Persia and it was under his rule that the Persian empire was conquered during the wars of Alexander the Great (Ancient History 2013).... [tags: immortality, murdering, power, empires] 950 words (2.7 pages) Better Essays [preview] Who is this Death you Speak of?: Piers Anthony's On A Pale Horse - Who is this Death You Speak Of. According to Alan Loy McGinnis, there is no more noble occupation in the world than to assist another human being - to help someone succeed. Piers Anthony, the author of the book On a Pale Horse, seems to agree with that statement when he writes the book series called Incarnations of Immortality, of which On a Pale Horse is the first. This book is a fascinating work of fiction that relates science to magic and expresses that human beings might need a little more help than they expect.... 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With all of these scientific discoveries and theories being discovered and hypothesized, there was a lot of concern about the responsibilities and the dangers of science. There were many people who were very cautious about what kind of areas they pried into, especially those that had not been charted by any other human being before. Some even chose not to go any deeper than the human race already had, for fear of what the consequences might be. Other scientists, like Darwin, had an immense affect on the world as we know it today.... [tags: victor, cloning, immortality] 1126 words (3.2 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Are We Now Living in Aldous Huxleys Brave New World? - ... In other word, clone is a set which shares the same generic information. This definition includes the first definition. Although technology of animal cloning gets attention of public, it was applied to plants originally. For example, grafting makes new individual which has the same characteristic as the parent plant because extension from a branch is created by somatic cell divisions, so that DNA variation does not occurred. According to Cloning Human Embryos the article written by Fackelmann, the word "clone" comes from a Greek word that means "twig" and suggests the practice of slicing off a piece of a plant and rooting it (Fackelmann 92).... [tags: community, identity, technology, immortality] 1108 words (3.2 pages) Strong Essays [preview] The Meaning of The Mind and Soul - Death and immortality Since the times of Plato and before, humans have pondered the existence of a soul and the afterlife. I am going to present my argument for the existence of a soul and the potential for surviving one's physical death. For the purpose of my argument I will define that the meaning of the mind and soul are one and the same. The two main accepted views of the human condition are that of the physicalist and that of the dualist. The physicalist views the human condition in a purely physical state.... [tags: death, immortality, plato] :: 3 Works Cited 860 words (2.5 pages) Better Essays [preview] The Search for Immortality in On the Beach at Night and Sunday Morning - The Search for Immortality in On the Beach at Night and Sunday Morning The search for immortality is not an uncommon one in literature. Many authors and poets find contentment within the ideals of faith and divinity; others, such as Whitman and Stevens, achieve satisfaction with the concept of the immortality of mortality. This understanding of the cycle of death and rebirth dominates both Walt Whitman's "On the Beach at Night" and Wallace Stevens' "Sunday Morning" and demonstrates the poets' philosophies of worldly immortality.... [tags: Papers] 698 words (2 pages) Good Essays [preview] Immortality in the Soul - Humanity is in a constant process to better themselves, as a result of their self-transcending nature. The purpose of this process is to achieve an immortal soul. In order for this to occur, according to Plato, the individual must first be engaged in his Theory of Education: beginning with the Allegory of the Cave, followed by the Metaphor of the Divided Line, and then completing with the Theory of Forms. To be fully immerse in this process, an understanding of Plato's Allegory of the Cave is necessary.... [tags: Literary Analysis ] :: 4 Works Cited 1797 words (5.1 pages) Term Papers [preview] Life after Death, Reincarnation, Resurrection and Immortality of the Soul - Life after Death, Reincarnation, Resurrection and Immortality of the Soul Belief in life after death has taken many forms, some which are unique in particular religious belief systems, though; others can be found in more than one religion. 'For most religions, life after death is an article of faith. In Western religions, the belief is founded in scriptural evidence, but for all religions the belief in life after death is the same: life after death has been promised to humans by an all powerful'[1] There are many views of life after death in particular which have been much adhered to and much discussed by philosophers.... [tags: Papers] 1730 words (4.9 pages) Strong Essays [preview] Comparison of Gilgamesh and Enkidu - ... Though inferior to his king brother, Enkidu completes the other half of Gilgamesh: while Gilgamesh knows the ins and outs of the city he rules, he is not familiar with the woods or nature in the ways that Enkidu is. Though they are different from each other, they both hold parallels with one another by bringing out the best in each other, thus reasonably concluding that each man was living the life they were meant to live. Later in the epic, Enkidu chooses to become human being by being drawn to the natural human quality to feel lust of a naked woman.... [tags: brother, strength, immortality] 887 words (2.5 pages) Better Essays [preview] Human Cloning Can Make Immortality a Reality - Congress, the president, foreign countries, political activists, companies, consumers, churches, ethicists, doctors, patients, and even scientists have entered the fervent debate on cloning. The March edition of the Life Extension Foundations (LEF) magazine vocally calls for American citizens to write to their Senators and stop an anti-cloning bill from passage through both Houses (See Figure 1.) While the public argues over short-term questions such as what is the definition of cloning, at what point does life begin, and is cloning bad we must examine the hidden future potential and consequences of therapeutic cloning.... 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Brain Freeze: Have yours preserved in Salem for possible future revival – KATU

by Joe Douglass, KATU News and KATU.com Staff

Oregon Cryonics Executive Director Jordan Sparks cools brains to be revived in the future to negative 300 degrees using liquid nitrogen. (KATU Photo)

If there were a way to preserve your mind after you died, would you do it, even if it cost tens of thousands of dollars?

Oregon Cryonics is working to make that idea a reality. Its facility is one of only four offering the service worldwide.

From the outside the facility looks like a normal office building, and inside it looks like a normal lab, complete with gas tanks, computer screens, a refrigerator and nearby buckets.

But inside the refrigerator there is a human brain, and the buckets are full of brains, too.

Oregon Cryonics is a nonprofit group with a very specific goal.

We preserve brains. We try to preserve them with the very best structure that we can, says Executive Director Jordan Sparks, who is a computer programmer and a dentist by trade.

He wrote the software for the endeavor, and part of the facility was his previous dental office.

Sparks started working on Oregon Cryonics full time four years ago. The first brain the group preserved belonged to a dog named Cupcake. Since then it has preserved around 50 or 60 human brains.

We try to lock all the molecules in place so that future scientists can decide what to do with those molecules afterwards revive the person somehow, says Sparks.

He says the preservations are done in two ways.

One: By pumping the brain full of chemicals with a complex electronic system soon after the person dies. Two: By keeping brains cold, around negative 300 degrees.

If you have a brain thats been preserved well, the laws of physics say that you should be able to pull out all the memories, the personalities, the way that person thinks, Sparks says. Clearly, the revival technology is well over 100 years away, but were doing the preparatory work right now to let those future scientists do the revivals.

Most of the brains the ones in the buckets are not kept cold. Theyre preserved only with chemicals.

Those are ones where people donated their body to science, and were trying to perfect the technology, Sparks says. And so we do the same process on those, and then we slice up and analyze and see how good of a job we did.

He says six of the brains are being kept cold through a multistep process. It ends with them chilling in a tank filled with liquid nitrogen.

Those six are ones that are trying to get revived. Thats why theyre here, says Sparks. And so for those, we treat them differently. We treat them with extra care.

He says two of those brains are from folks who spent about $25,000 each.

Anyone can sign up for services, but you have to die close by, Sparks says, because they need to start pumping chemicals into the brain as soon as possible after death to successfully preserve it.

Also, certain life insurance policies do cover cryonics.

Originally posted here:

Brain Freeze: Have yours preserved in Salem for possible future revival - KATU

Doctors warn of potent peroxide risk – W*USA 9

The HCMC Center for Hyperbaric Medicine has treated patients in six cases in a little over a year, and has seen two cases in the past two months for what's known as "food grade hydrogen peroxide" poisoning. http://kare11.tv/2u3iToN

Lindsey Seavert, KARE 7:04 AM. EDT July 28, 2017

The HCMC Center for Hyperbaric Medicine has treated patients in six cases in a little over a year, and has seen two cases in the past two months for whats known as food grade hydrogen peroxide poisoning. (Photo: KARE 11)

MINNEAPOLIS - Over the weekend, Hennepin County Medical Center doctors worked swiftly to save a man's life, treating him for an emerging and deadly risk, the ingestion of high-concentration hydrogen peroxide.

The HCMC Center for Hyperbaric Medicine has treated patients in six cases in a little over a year, and has seen two cases in the past two months for whats known as food grade hydrogen peroxide poisoning.

The 35 percent concentrated peroxide is often used in commercial settings to store or prepare food, but some believe in diluting the solution as an alternative medicine therapy for health benefits.

There is some thought in some groups that it might be a general panacea things that can help with inflammation, any sort of general illness, said Dr. Ann Arens, HCMC physician of emergency medicine and toxicology.

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Not to be confused with the 3 percent peroxide you'd buy at a drug store, the doctor says this version is often ingested accidentally because it can be mistaken for water.

Dr. Arens says food grade hydrogen solution is not scientifically proven with no medical use, and is anything but safe.

The people who have ingested this are generally in so much pain they have to have a breathing tube in, they can have holes in their esophagus and stomach, said Dr. Arens.

In the most recent case at HCMC, first handled by the Minnesota Poison Center, a man was working outside on a hot summer day, and came inside to find a sports drink bottle similar to the bottle he had previously used. When he took a big drink, he had no idea someone else in his home was storing the concentrated hydrogen peroxide in the bottle. He experienced immediate pain.

So when you swallow just a little bit of this food grade hydrogen peroxide, quite a bit comes out into your intestine and into your stomach and get absorbed and cause bad things, said Dr. Stephen Hendriksen, HCMC physician of Hyperbaric Medicine.

Doctors say two ounces of the potent peroxide releases six liters - or two milk jugs full - of gas into your system, causing air bubbles that can travel to your brain or heart, specifically putting patients at the risk for an embolism.

And cause stroke-like symptoms, what hyperbaric oxygen does is shrink those bubbles, said Dr. Hendriksen. Because we put them in the hyperbaric chamber, and we put them under pressure. You, as a patient, are breathing 100 percent oxygen under pressure, usually 45 to 60 feet below sea level.

But after the latest cases, HCMC doctors stress the best alternative of all - prevention.

Talk to your doctor, make sure you educate yourself about what these products are, is the most important thing, said Dr. Arens. Keep anything that can cause poisoning in a well-labeled bottle, in the original bottle, of course out of reach of other food products and out of reach of children.

A recent study released this past Febuary warned consumers about the risks of ingesting high-concentration hydrogen peroxide.

Researchers for the study, published in the Annals of Emergency Medicine, looked at 294 cases of peroxide ingestion over a 10-year period.

They found that a large number of cases where patients swallowed high-concentration peroxide resulted in critical illness, some with continued disability or death.

Unintentional hydrogen peroxide exposure is common.

In 2015, the American Association of Poison Control Centers said in its annual report that there were 7,257 cases of peroxide exposure reported in that year, and of those 92 percent of them unintentional.

2017 KARE-TV

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Doctors warn of potent peroxide risk - W*USA 9

Can Strawberry Seeds Be Used as Food Supplements? – Chromatography Today

Strawberries used to be a summer treat an expensive luxury that appeared only when Wimbledon was on one of the three TV channels available. Nowadays of course, with the advent of polytunnels and increased consumer demand they are available twelve months of the year. Delicious with a spot of cream.

But soon you might be eating another type of strawberry the seeds. A recent paper published in the journal LWT Food Science and Technology titled Defatted strawberry seeds as a source of phenolics, dietary fiber and minerals suggests that strawberry seeds could be the next thing to hit the health food market.

The food supplement industry in the UK is big business which might be surprising as the UK was described in some media reports as the fat man of Europe in 2016. According to the United Nation report, the UK has the highest levels of obesity in Western Europe.

But, that didnt stop the UK consumers spending over 400 million on vitamins and supplements each year. Almost 65% of us take some form of vitamins or supplements daily adding up to a lot of pills. As the market matures it changes, and rather than take a cure-all we are increasingly taking targeted supplements whether age-related or targeted at some specific benefit.

So, where do strawberry seeds fit into this market?

The researchers from Lodz University of Technology in Poland were interested in the nutrients that could be found in strawberry seeds. Seeds from other plants sunflower seeds, hemp seeds, sesame seeds and chia seeds have been shown to be full of micronutrients that we can struggle to get from other food sources. Plus, seeds are full of protein, essential fats, minerals and dietary fibre all without putting weight on.

The researchers analysed seeds from three consecutive harvests by separating the seeds from the flesh and juice and then defatting the seeds using carbon dioxide. Seeds are defatted as they are easier to analyse for nutrients. They then carried out tests to measure the protein content, total dietary fibre and polyphenols in the seeds.

The researchers found that the seeds comprised mainly of dietary fibre with almost 74% of the seeds weight comprised of fibre. Proteins made up almost 17% of the seeds weight. They used liquid chromatography to measure the quantity of polyphenols in the seeds which they found to be around 1.7% of the seeds weight. The use of chromatography to analyse fruit and veg is discussed in this article, LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS Multi Residue Pesticide Analysis in Fruit and Vegetable Extracts on a Single Tandem Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer.

With their high fibre and protein content, the authors suggest that strawberry seeds could have a potential for use as a food supplement which is great news for manufacturers who make strawberry juice as the seeds are a waste product.

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Can Strawberry Seeds Be Used as Food Supplements? - Chromatography Today

Do Our Pets Really Benefit From Supplements? Here’s What the Experts Have to Say – Care2.com

Our late Rottweiler mix, Lucy, was diagnosed with chronic hip dysplasia when she was only 4 years old. After researching ways to help her I learned that joint supplements containing the ingredients chondroitin and glucosamine seem to help some dogs with joint issues. Following a discussion with my veterinarian, I started Lucy on two pills a day. I dont know if they helped her, but she joined us on walks and hikes until we finally lost her at age 15.

Now we think that our 10-year-old border collie mix, Jason, is showing signs of arthritis. Once the vet confirms this, well ask if we should put him on the same supplements we used for Lucy? Were not alone in considering the use of pet supplements. According to market researcher Packaged Facts, projected retail sales for pet supplements and nutraceutical treats in the U.S. are expected to grow through 2017, to an estimated $1.6 billion.

The National Animal Supplement Council (NASC) describes pet supplements as products that are intended to complement the diet and help support and maintain a normal biological function. Products range from multivitamins for overall health to targeted formulas that claim to alleviate joint problems or canine cognitive dysfunction.

The most commonly used pet supplements are multivitamins, joint supplements and fatty acids. Veterinary experts agree that glucosamine/chondroitin supplements if they are of good quality, may have modest benefits in some animals with arthritis. And fish oil supplements may be beneficial for pets with certain medical conditions, such as heart disease, kidney disease and cancer. However, even these common supplements have potential side effects and are not right for every dog and cat with these conditions. As for multivitamin supplements, veterinary experts say that pets do not need these unless they are on a nutritionally unbalanced diet.

A healthy dog and cat on a well-regulated commercial pet food that has been carefully designed by a board-certified veterinary nutritionist will be getting all the vitamins and minerals they need, said Laura Eirmann, a veterinary nutritionist at Oradell Animal Hospital. Complete and balanced pet foods are made to give pets the right amount of nutrients and adding more could be harmful to your pet Eirmann said. For example, giving too much calcium to a large breed puppy can lead to skeletal diseases.

Eirmann advises that pet owners always speak with their primary care veterinarian before adding a supplement to their pets diet. This is especially important because unlike drugs, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) does not review supplements for efficacy, safety or quality before they are put on the market. Drug manufacturers must prove that a drug is safe and effective before it can be sold to consumers. However, in the case of pet supplements, the FDA has to prove that they are unsafe before they can be pulled off of the market.

Because pet supplements are not regulated its a buyer beware area, Eirmann said.

Dogs and cats handle food items differently than we do. Just because a supplement is advertised as natural, that doesnt mean it is safe for our pets.

In her article Dietary Supplements for Pets: Harmful or Helpful? Lisa M. Freeman, a veterinary nutritionist, and professor at Tufts University Cummings Veterinary Medical Center wrote that pets can get sick or even die as a result of dietary supplements. She writes:

Even if the supplement by itself is safe, its use in combination with medications an animal may be taking can cause dangerous interactions. In addition, numerous studies have shown that many supplements have terrible quality control. This means that if you buy a supplement that is supposed to contain 500 mg per tablet, it may contain 500 mg but it also may contain 1000 mg or nothing at all! Some supplements may be contaminated with mercury, lead, or other substances. That doesnt even get into the issues of supplement tablets that dont dissolve appropriately (which means they wont get absorbed).

Eirmann said there is evidence that some supplements can help pets. In fact, her 15 -year-old golden retriever, Sprocket, is taking a supplement that contains SAMe and Silybin, proven to support certain types of liver disease. In addition to speaking with a veterinarian, Eirmanns advice to anyone interested in adding supplements to their pets diet is to do extensive research. Find out if the company manufacturing the supplements has done any studies and if those studies are applicable to your particular pet.

If youre doing the research online, dont rely solely on testimonials or company marketing materials, Eirmann said. You want to know if a product is safe and if it is effective. Your veterinarian is the expert so ask before making a final decision on using a product.

Source: Laura Eirmann, a veterinary nutritionist at Oradell Animal Hospital

Photo Credit:Thinkstock

Disclaimer: The views expressed above are solely those of the author and may not reflect those of Care2, Inc., its employees or advertisers.

Originally posted here:

Do Our Pets Really Benefit From Supplements? Here's What the Experts Have to Say - Care2.com

Learning life skills for life – Michigan State University Extension

Learning life skills for life Youth ages 915 need skills to learn, play, get along and be creative. Life skills are important at this age.

Posted on July 27, 2017 by Beverly Przystas, Michigan State University Extension

Children ages 915 need to learn life skills to become successful adults. Some life skills are practical skills needed to grow and learn. Other life skills help develop social and emotional skills. All are needed as youth grow into young adults. The following tips and hints will help you teach life skills to youth at this age.

In the book 101 More Life Skills Games, author Bernie Badegruber describes activities designed to bring awareness to not only life skills, but also life values. The focus is developing foundation skills on getting along with others, as well as to be more aware of ones own self.

Below are a few ideas to use in developing life skills for children ages 915.

Mood Meter. Players sit in large circle and the leader shares what moods are and how we can handle them. At the beep, all players either stand up tall, stay sitting in their chairs, stand on their chairs or sit on the floor, depending on how high their mood is. Kids can guess each others moods. The leader can ask reflection questions regarding their mood choices. This game touches on getting acquainted, expressing moods, feelings and talking.

Cooperation games such as Birthday Present gets kids to learn to cooperate, become integrated into the group and strengthen relational ships. Colored pencils, markers and paper are needed. First ask if it is anyones birthday. In groups of four, the players have half an hour to think about a gift for the person whose special day it is. The birthday child gets to go spend some quiet time while the groups of children work on a present such as a poem, group drawing, speech, birthday song, or read a story. When everyone has shared their gift, reflect on how the child felt.

Other activities in 101 More Life Skills Games cover simulation games, social role play games and we, you and I games.

For more articles on child development, academic success, parenting and life skill development, please visit the Michigan State University Extension website.

This article was published by Michigan State University Extension. For more information, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu. To have a digest of information delivered straight to your email inbox, visit http://www.msue.msu.edu/newsletters. To contact an expert in your area, visit http://expert.msue.msu.edu, or call 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464).

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Learning life skills for life - Michigan State University Extension

TransCanada Confident It Will Find Customers for Keystone XL – Bloomberg

TransCanada Corp. said it still expects commercial support for its controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline, tamping down speculation that it was having trouble finding customers for thelong-delayed line.

Keystone XL, which was rejected by the Obama administration before being revived by President Donald Trump this year,would boost TransCanadas dividend growth, the company said in a statement Friday. Media reports in recent weeks said that the company was having trouble signing up customers for the pipeline, conceived to help move crude from Albertas oil sands to refineries on the U.S. Gulf Coast.

TransCanada said earlier this year that it was working to sign new shippers following years of delays. Given the time it took to gain federal approval, TransCanada said it expected some shippers to reduce their volume commitments and that other new customers would be introduced. The company said on Thursday that its soliciting additional commitments to ship oil on Keystone XL.

Weve had good support from our legacy shippers, which gives us a good base to launch this open season, Paul Miller, TransCanadas president of liquids pipelines, said on a conference call.

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The open season closes on Sept. 28, with the results of the process expected to be finalized in late November, Miller said. The company should also receive its regulatory decisions from Nebraska around that time and will weigh both of those factors in determining whether to proceed with the line, he said. If TransCanada decides to move ahead on Keystone XL, it would need six to nine months to prepare for construction and about two years to build it, he said.

The shares were up 0.2 percent at C$63.66 as of 1:44 p.m. in Toronto. Calgary-based TransCanada gained 5 percent this year through Thursday.

Success in advancing Keystone XL or other growth initiatives such as the Bruce Power life extension may augment or extend the companys dividend growth outlook, Chief Executive Officer Russ Girling said in the statement. The company plans to increase its annual dividend at the upper end of an 8 percent to 10 percent range through 2020.

Keystone won votes of confidence from the chief executive officers of Canadian oil producers Cenovus Energy Inc. and Suncor Energy Inc. this week. The CEOs both said they support Keystone and that the Canadian energy industry needs more pipeline capacity. Suncor confirmed that it plans to ship its products on Keystone.

Albertas oil producers have long warned that a lack of pipeline space was hurting their prospects. That pipeline pinch may start to hit the industry later this year as Suncors massive Fort Hills oil-sands project starts to produce oil and Canadian Natural Resources Ltd. completes another phase of expansion at its Horizon mine.

Looking beyond Keystone, TransCanada is spending C$2 billion ($1.6 billion) to expand its natural gas pipeline network in Western Canada. The upgrades to the Nova Gas system will include 171 miles (275 kilometers) of new pipeline, additional compression and new metering stations.

The company said on Friday that it was applying to the National Energy Board to expand capacity on its Canadian Mainline, which carries natural gas from producers in Alberta to markets in the nations east. The company would spend about C$160 million on the project, which is underpinned by 15-year contracts.

TransCanadas second-quarter profit was 76 Canadian cents a share, excluding some items. Theaverage estimate of analysts surveyed by Bloomberg was 68 cents.

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TransCanada Confident It Will Find Customers for Keystone XL - Bloomberg

Whey protein supplementation could help maintain muscle during aging – ProHealth

Reprinted with the kind permission of Life Extension.

July 21 2017.A study reported on July 18, 2017 in the journalPLOS ONEfound positive effects for supplementation with whey protein in combination with calcium, creatine, omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D in the muscles of older men. The gradual loss of muscle that occurs with aging known assarcopeniais associated with frailty, falls and disability in late life. "Older people who do little to prevent the progression of sarcopenia drift toward a state where they find activities of daily living, like rising from a chair or ascending stairs very difficult or maybe impossible," observed lead researcher Stuart Phillips, who is a professor in the Department of Kinesiology at McMaster University.

The study included 49 men aged 70 years and older who received the whey-based supplement combo or a placebo for six weeks. At the end of the six-week period, the participants continued their regimens while engaging in a resistance and high-intensity interval training program for 12 weeks. "We chose that combination of exercises to get a maximal benefit in terms of fitness and muscle strength" explained coauthor Gianni Parise.

At the end of the first six weeks, those who received whey experienced an increase in lean body mass as well as strength. While both groups experienced gains in strength during the second phase of the study, those who received the whey-based supplement combination had greater upper body strength than the control group.

"The results were more impressive than we expected," reported first author Kirsten Bell. "Clearly, exercise is a key part of the greatly improved health profile of our subjects, but we are very excited by the enhancements the supplement alone and in combination with exercise was able to give to our participants."

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Whey protein supplementation could help maintain muscle during aging - ProHealth

IVCC and Extension partner on ag research plot – MyWebTimes.com

University of Illinois Extension and Illinois Valley Community College announced the opening of a new chapter in its expanding soil and crop research partnership with the development of a stand-alone research plot at IVCC just south of the Oglesby campus.

The eight-acre plot has been planted with soybeans and is being used to conduct a replicated soybean population study. The study has three planting populations: 100,000, 140,000 and 180,000 plants per acre.

Extension staff Russ Higgins and Daryle Wragge will record data. Higgins is an Extension educator with a commercial agriculture emphasis while Wragge is a coordinator of ag and natural resources programs.

Test plot data will be obtained from the yield monitor on the combine during fall harvesting. Research is being conducted in close cooperation with Chris Kolodziej, who has contracted with IVCC to farm its land. The Extension will offer a late season scouting workshop at the site Tuesday, Aug. 15.

This is an exciting step in the quickly developing partnership between IVCC and the University of Illinois Extension/College of ACES," said IVCC President Jerry Corcoran. "We are pleased to be working with one of the worlds premier colleges of agriculture.

I also want to express our appreciation for the essential cooperation of Chris Kolodziej. Having Chris handle the IVCC farming operation is a major plus for the college, Corcoran added.

The enhanced research program is the latest chapter in the IVCC-Extension partnership. IVCCs effort to build a new agriculture program was aided greatly by the partnership, according to a press release from the college.

The relationship began three years ago with Extension moving its four-county main office to IVCC. The counties are Bureau, La Salle, Marshall and Putnam.

The Extensions significant resources and vast network of clients played a major role in helping us plan and carry out the successful ag program launch, Corcoran said.

Extension County Director Jill Guynn, said, "The Extension provides both direct, research-based educational programming and also works in cooperation with local partners to address needs that improve the quality of life for area residents.

It has been a pleasure to work with IVCC to develop the new agriculture program and to enhance local resources and services for residents and the ag industry. Through this partnership, we will bring more programs from the College of ACES and create opportunities for more youth and adults.

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IVCC and Extension partner on ag research plot - MyWebTimes.com

How India is trying to conserve precious natural resources – Economic Times

Forty-five years ago, the Club of Rome, an organisation of individuals who share a common concern for the future of humanity, published a study, The Limits to Growth, which initiated a debate about the impact of unlimited growth in population and demand for goods in a world with finite resources. The report was based on a study by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who used a computer model to track the worlds economy and environment.

Focusing on industrialisation, population, food, use of resources, pollution and modelled data up to 1970, they developed a range of scenarios up to 2100, taking into account steps taken to address environmental and resource issues. Without serious action, the model predicted overshoot and collapse before 2070. The Limits to Growth generated controversy. Not because the questions it raised about the problems of population control, environmental degradation, and resource exhaustion were unimportant, but because of its methodology: the reliance on computer models and its doomsday conclusions.

Averting overshoot and crash scenario, the study noted would require policies and investments in technology to alter the course. Essentially this 1970s study viewed economic growth as inimical to environmental protection and resource conservation. In the 1970s, this would mean foreclosing the path to economic growth and consigning billions to poverty forever The social consensus was in favour of economic growth.

Beginning in the late 1980s, this gave rise to the concept of sustainable development. This approach argued that economic growth can be compatible with environmental protection and resource conservation. The global conversation was also beginning to focus on climate change.

For a long time, the discussion on environment focused on climate change. It was as if there is only one environment brain cell. Now there is a growing realisation that climate change is important, but the resource crisis is becoming important as well, said Astrid Schomaker, director for global sustainable development, environment directorate-general, European Commission. The focus on climate change and sustainable development led to a re-engagement on the question of ensuring economic growth with the least impact on the environment. The resulting concept of resource efficiency calls for the use of natural resources in a sustainable manner and minimising impact on the environment. This approach does not suggest limiting growth but provides a pathway to promote production using fewer natural resources. The Sustainable Development Goals adopted by all countries in 2015 recognise the need to address this issue, hence the focus on resource efficiency.

This recognition received a political boost at the G20 Summit in Hamburg in early July, when world leaders agreed on initiating a G20 Resource Efficiency Dialogue. The dialogue will provide an opportunity to exchange good practices and national experiences to improve the efficiency and sustainability of natural resource use and to promote sustainable consumption and production patterns. Recognising its importance, the government established the Indian Resource Panel in 2015 as an advisory body under the ministry of environment, forest and climate change. Supported through Indo-German bilateral cooperation, the panel studied resource-related issues facing India and advised the government on a comprehensive strategy.

The panels work forms the basis of a strategy paper prepared by the government think tank, Niti Aayog, for a policy approach on resource efficiency. For developing countries like India, resource efficiency is particularly relevant. The rapid transformation of its economy, its growing population, increased pace of urbanisation, improved incomes and a growing middle class, and the governments plans for massive industrial push, each of these indicates growing demand for resources. In this context, the idea of using resources in a more efficient manner is the way forward. Indias per capita consumption of material, 4.2 tonnes, is lowless than half the global average. But given its larger population, Indias total resource consumption is quite high.

India is now the third-largest consumer of materials and consumption is expected to increase rapidly, with the majority of the people living in urban centres by 2050. The changing face of the Indian economy is another factor. Though agriculture continues to be the dominant employer, the share of industry and services in employment and GDP is rising. These are resource-intensive sectors, and the rise in disposable incomes has led to higher consumption patterns. Indias material requirements are projected to be 15 billion tonnes by 2030 and 25 billion tonnes by 2050.

The bulk of the increase is expected in fossil fuel, metals and minerals consumption, according to the Indian Resource Panel. India and the European Union have agreed to work together over the next three years to adapt international standards and best practices in business and foster the efficient and sustainable use of natural resources. This partnership will focus on drawing up action plans for resource efficiency. The partnership will focus on four areasmobility, particularly electric and hybrid vehicles; building and construction; renewable energy, especially photovoltaics; and waste, with a focus on plastics, packaging and e-waste. Finally, it hopes to give impetus to evidence-based policy advice that will feed into the governments broader resource efficiency strategy.

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How India is trying to conserve precious natural resources - Economic Times

Automation != Intelligence – Seeking Alpha

I was amused reading the recent back and forth between Facebook's (NASDAQ:FB) Mark Zuckerberg and Tesla's (NASDAQ:TSLA) Elon Musk. It is funny when two heavy hitters, both of whom arguably should have a good understanding about a given piece of technology, fall on such opposite ends of the spectrum about its capabilities. Essentially it all started when someone asked Zuckerberg what he thought of Musk and his warnings about AI being an existential threat to humanity. He responded saying it was very irresponsible, to which Elon Musk replied on Twitter that Mark has limited knowledge about the subject. Is one of them wrong and the other right? Yes, I believe so, but more about that later. This exchange also got me thinking, is this belief the source of the lot of claims Musk has made about the capabilities and development of Tesla's Autopilot system? In this article, I will look into this a little more and show you some of the challenges faced in computer vision that illustrate the difficulties faced by a primarily vision-based fully autonomous driving system like Tesla's Autopilot 2.0.

It was just over six months back that Elon Musk promised customers would start seeing FSD features in Tesla's AP2 system over the next six months at the latest. However, customers haven't even seen their "Enhanced" Autopilot match the performance of the previous version of Autopilot let alone see any unique FSD features.

Now for anyone familiar with the technology, the fact that Tesla is facing a lot of challenges comes as no surprise. Unless Tesla makes significant strides beyond the current, state-of-the-art computer vision, I do not believe there is any way it can truly have a competent fully autonomous driving system under its current Autopilot 2.0 configuration. However, this is exactly what Tesla has been "promising" going as far as to hint that it would have details on a fully autonomous ride-sharing platform before the end of this year. By the way, that text hasn't changed since last year, so I guess we should now expect these details by end of 2018?

Source: Tesla

For a long time now, I had said Elon Musk and Tesla have been making knowingly misleading statements about the potential future capabilities of their system. However, as I hear his views more and more, I am starting to question if he really understands the technology and how it works. Before I go into this, let me take a step back and talk a bit about what has caused the recent revolution in the field of AI.

People have been using computers to automate a lot of work that humans have traditionally had to do manually. Indeed computers now encompass all aspects of human life. However, there were some problems that computer programmers found hard to write solutions for. One of the best examples of this is pattern recognition for example in the form of computer vision.

I can easily spot my wife in a large crowd of people, but if someone asks me how I do it, I will find it hard to describe what features I rely on to identify her. This is also one of the reasons witnesses find it hard to describe a potential suspect without the help of a sketch artist. It is generally hard to codify how the human brain interprets patterns from such visual data. This is where the idea of deep learning with large Convolutional Neural Networks comes in handy. The basic idea is that rather than trying to identify what features the system should look for, you instead just feed the system lots of data and have it learn the features that will help it identify similar objects.

The only problem here was that it took an excruciatingly long time to train a complex "Deep" network using large training datasets. With the advent of the use of GPU processing in training these systems, we are now able to use large amounts of data to train them in a reasonable amount of time. A job that would take weeks to months of running on a large CPU cluster earlier is now possible in a few hours to a few days, and this vastly expands the practical applications of these kinds of systems in pattern recognition. Over at FundamentalSpeculation, our price action based Momentum model is a result of harnessing this power of GPU processing in training.

However, at the end of the day, it is important to understand that pattern recognition is all that these systems are doing. It is not that they suddenly have a deeper understanding of what the objects in the picture represent. This is well illustrated for example by the work of Papernot, et al. in a recent paper where they used an adversarial system to trick a classifier that identifies road signs from MetaMind. This is an instance where there is an adversarial system being used specifically to target the classifier. But also consider edge cases where there is graffiti or a sticker or something similar on the sign and you realize there can be more benign instances where this can become a problem.

Source: Papernot, et al. The image on the left is an original image of a stop sign. The image on the right is a perturbed image that causes the classifier to mis-classify it as a yield sign even though it looks the same to the human eye.

To perform a real-world and properly-blinded evaluation, we attack a DNN hosted by MetaMind, an online deep learning API. We find that their DNN misclassifies 84.24% of the adversarial examples crafted with our substitute. -Papernot, et al.

The same concept also applies to achievements in the field of deep reinforcement learning. A lot of people including me celebrated when DeepMind's AlphaGo beat the world's best Go player earlier this year. However, even in this example, if the size of the board was any different than what the system was trained on, it would have failed miserably.

Humans have a tendency to see a machine perform a particular task and think of it as having a similar level of competency to a human capable of performing the same task. This generalization cannot be applied to the field of Machine Learning/AI. To be clear, I am not saying automation will not cause massive disruption to the economy. It has the potential to displace a lot of jobs. However, the idea that applications of "Narrow" AI that are becoming prevalent today are an existential risk and need to be regulated is silly. It is also the reason why "billions of autopilot miles" is a silly metric to gauge any potential advantage Tesla may have over its competition.

Driving a car is a very complex task. The reason the average human is reasonably good at it is because humans have "intelligence" which allows them to have a high level understanding of their environment and handle most of the edge cases fairly easily. This is fundamentally not true for AI systems we have today. When you think of these systems in terms of "automation" rather than "intelligence", you start to realize some of the hard challenges that need to be overcome. To top it all, Tesla's attempt to try to achieve this using a primarily vision-based system if anything puts it at a significant disadvantage to the rest of the competition.

So what does this mean for Tesla's Autopilot system? Firstly, a big part of my critique about its design is that it has minimal redundancy in its system. It is primarily a vision based system. However, this idea is sometimes challenged by stating that it has multiple cameras that offer redundancy. I don't mean to pick on my fellow contributor ValueAnalyst, but this was the most recent exchange in writing I remember having about this topic in a recent article I published about Audi's (OTCPK:AUDVF) new Level 3 system.

He is not alone in making this assumption. There was also a recent paper claiming why adversarial attacks like the one I talked about earlier do not apply to autonomous vehicles because there is redundancy in the various angles and scales at which the same object is observed and this defeats instances of mis-classification. What I find really funny is the rebuttal to this argument came from Musk's very own OpenAI.

We've created images that reliably fool neural network classifiers when viewed from varied scales and perspectives. This challenges a claim from last week that self-driving cars would be hard to trick maliciously since they capture images from multiple scales, angles, perspectives, and the like. - OpenAI Blog

Tesla's challenge though is even bigger. What we have been talking about so far is classification of well-defined categories of objects. Tesla's system however not only has to identify and classify these well-defined objects but also reliably identify any other potential object that is an obstacle in its drive path without false positives. This makes it a significantly harder problem. Again, I'm not saying the systems won't improve. However, the current state-of-the-art systems are not reliable enough to do this, and there is no reason to believe Tesla has surpassed the state of the art in this field. This makes Tesla's claim of achieving full autonomy in this short time frame all the more ridiculous.

None of this would matter that much if everyone understood that this as a field of research with future potential and not factor in its impact into current valuations. However, this is not the case. Again, I don't want to pick on any one person, but I'm drawn to Morgan Stanley's Adam Jonas. He is currently neutral on the stock after it reached his price target, but let's take a look at what got him to that price target. I remember watching one of his interviews on CNBC a few months back and having a hard time stopping myself from throwing stuff at the television to stop the insanity. What was really amazing about his performance was his confidence in talking about a topic he clearly has no understanding about. I highly recommend you watch his full interview.

We continue to believe over 100% of the upside from the current price to our $305 target can be accounted for by the value of Tesla Mobility, an on-demand and highly automated transportation service we anticipate to be launched at low volume in 2018. - Morgan Stanley

In a note he sent clients earlier that month, he tried to break down the prospects of the company by segments. He had assigned zero value to Tesla Energy because of its negative margins and he believed any prospects for this segment would be a rounding error in the grand scheme of things. He was significantly below the Street and management on the sales volume for the Model 3 while being higher than most on the average selling price of the Model 3 ($60,000). He spoke about some of his assumptions in an interview with Bloomberg at the time. He also is not all that very bullish on the sale of electric vehicles to individual customers. He gets to his valuation based on the assumption that Tesla will have a deployable autonomous driving system that can be used for ride-sharing within a Tesla Network.

"Well, we think the electric cars for private use really are ... for human driving pleasure for wealthier individuals. That's why it's so important that in the shared model where you're not driving 10,000 miles a year, but 50 or 100 in a fleet operation, then the economics of electrification you can get that pay back period under three years. That's the game changer - shared." - Adam Jonas, Morgan Stanley

So now what happens if this possibility evaporates? How much real demand would there be for a $35,000 electric vehicle if the possibility of generating revenue via participating in an autonomous ride-sharing network goes away? Forget even that, how many people are really interested in a midsize luxury sedan if the convenience of autonomous driving is taken away? Consider the volume of all Small/Midsize Luxury car sales in America last year shown below:

Source

The entire Small/Midsize Luxury segment sold a little over 800,000 vehicles across all manufactures and models in the US in 2016. Without the prospects of autonomous driving, this will be the target market for the Model 3. Further, as other manufacturers start to bring some of their more advanced driver assist and limited self-driving features to lower-range models, Tesla, relying primarily on its vision-based system, will have a hard time keeping up with the functionality offered by its competitors.

For a long time now, I have believed Elon Musk has been misleading TSLA shareholders and customers about the potential and development curve of Tesla's Autopilot system. While I still believe that, I am now starting to question whether he genuinely understands the capabilities and limitations of narrow AI systems. At the end of the day, neither option is good for Tesla shareholders. If and when the Model 3 starts to ship in large volumes, those future customers will have a lot of expectations for the autonomous driving technology promised to them and they may not be as forgiving as some of the early adopters have been so far.

Disclosure: I am/we are short TSLA.

I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

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Link:

Automation != Intelligence - Seeking Alpha