We Aren’t Growing Enough Healthy Foods to Feed Everyone on Earth

Check Yourself

The agriculture industry needs to get its priorities straight.

According to a newly published study, the world food system is producing too many unhealthy foods and not enough healthy ones.

“We simply can’t all adopt a healthy diet under the current global agriculture system,” said study co-author Evan Fraser in a press release. “Results show that the global system currently overproduces grains, fats, and sugars, while production of fruits and vegetables and, to a smaller degree, protein is not sufficient to meet the nutritional needs of the current population.”

Serving Downsized

For their study, published Tuesday in the journal PLOS ONE, researchers from the University of Guelph compared global agricultural production with consumption recommendations from Harvard University’s Healthy Eating Plate guide. Their findings were stark: The agriculture industry’s overall output of healthy foods does not match humanity’s needs.

Instead of the recommended eight servings of grains per person, it produces 12. And while nutritionists recommend we each consume 15 servings of fruits and vegetables daily, the industry produces just five. The mismatch continues for oils and fats (three servings instead of one), protein (three servings instead of five), and sugar (four servings when we don’t need any).

Overly Full Plate

The researchers don’t just point out the problem, though — they also calculated what it would take to address the lack of healthy foods while also helping the environment.

“For a growing population, our calculations suggest that the only way to eat a nutritionally balanced diet, save land, and reduce greenhouse gas emission is to consume and produce more fruits and vegetables as well as transition to diets higher in plant-based protein,” said Fraser.

A number of companies dedicated to making plant-based proteins mainstream are already gaining traction. But unfortunately, it’s unlikely that the agriculture industry will decide to prioritize growing fruits and veggies over less healthy options as long as people prefer having the latter on their plates.

READ MORE: Not Enough Fruits, Vegetables Grown to Feed the Planet, U of G Study Reveals [University of Guelph]

More on food scarcity: To Feed a Hungry Planet, We’re All Going to Need to Eat Less Meat

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We Aren’t Growing Enough Healthy Foods to Feed Everyone on Earth

Report Identifies China as the Source of Ozone-Destroying Emissions

Emissions Enigma

For years, a mystery puzzled environmental scientists. The world had banned the use of many ozone-depleting compounds in 2010. So why were global emission levels still so high?

The picture started to clear up in June. That’s when The New York Times published an investigation into the issue. China, the paper claimed, was to blame for these mystery emissions. Now it turns out the paper was probably right to point a finger.

Accident or Incident

In a paper published recently in the journal Geophysical Research Letters, an international team of researchers confirms that eastern China is the source of at least half of the 40,000 tonnes of carbon tetrachloride emissions currently entering the atmosphere each year.

They figured this out using a combination of ground-based and airborne atmospheric concentration data from near the Korean peninsula. They also relied on two models that simulated how the gases would move through the atmosphere.

Though they were able to narrow down the source to China, the researchers weren’t able to say exactly who’s breaking the ban and whether they even know about the damage they’re doing.

Pinpoint

“Our work shows the location of carbon tetrachloride emissions,” said co-author Matt Rigby in a press release. “However, we don’t yet know the processes or industries that are responsible. This is important because we don’t know if it is being produced intentionally or inadvertently.”

If we can pinpoint the source of these emissions, we can start working on stopping them and healing our ozone. And given that we’ve gone nearly a decade with minimal progress on that front, there’s really no time to waste.

READ MORE: Location of Large ‘Mystery’ Source of Banned Ozone Depleting Substance Uncovered [University of Bristol]

More on carbon emissions: China Has (Probably) Been Pumping a Banned Gas Into the Atmosphere

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Report Identifies China as the Source of Ozone-Destroying Emissions

An AI Conference Refusing a Name Change Highlights a Tech Industry Problem

Name Game

There’s a prominent artificial intelligence conference that goes by the suggestive acronym NIPS, which stands for “Neural Information Processing Systems.”

After receiving complaints that the acronym was alienating to women, the conference’s leadership collected suggestions for a new name via an online poll, according to WIRED. But the conference announced Monday that it would be sticking with NIPS all the same.

Knock It Off

It’s convenient to imagine that this acronym just sort of emerged by coincidence, but let’s not indulge in that particular fantasy.

It’s more likely that tech geeks cackled maniacally when they came up with the acronym, and the refusal to do better even when people looking up the conference in good faith are bombarded with porn is a particularly telling failure of the AI research community.

Small Things Matter

This problem goes far beyond a silly name — women are severely underrepresented in technology research and even more so when it comes to artificial intelligence. And if human decency — comforting those who are regularly alienated by the powers that be — isn’t enough of a reason to challenge the sexist culture embedded in tech research, just think about what we miss out on.

True progress in artificial intelligence cannot happen without a broad range of diverse voices — voices that are silenced by “locker room talk” among an old boy’s club. Otherwise, our technological development will become just as stuck in place as our cultural development often seems to be.

READ MORE: AI RESEARCHERS FIGHT OVER FOUR LETTERS: NIPS [WIRED]

More on Silicon Valley sexism: The Tech Industry’s Gender Problem Isn’t Just Hurting Women

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An AI Conference Refusing a Name Change Highlights a Tech Industry Problem

Scientists Are Hopeful AI Could Help Predict Earthquakes

Quake Rate

Earlier this year, I interviewed U.S. Geological Survey geologist Annemarie Baltay for a story about why it’s incredibly difficult to predict earthquakes.

“We don’t use that ‘p word’ — ‘predict’ — at all,” she told me. “Earthquakes are chaotic. We don’t know when or where they’ll occur.”

Neural Earthwork

That could finally be starting to change, according to a fascinating feature in The New York Times.

By feeding seismic data into a neural network — a type of artificial intelligence that learns to recognize patterns by scrutinizing examples — researchers say they can now predict moments after a quake strikes how far its aftershocks will travel.

And eventually, some believe, they’ll be able to listen to signals from fault lines and predict when an earthquake will strike in the first place.

Future Vision

But like Baltay, some researchers aren’t convinced we’ll ever be able to predict earthquakes.University of Tokyo seismologist Robert Geller told the Times that until an algorithm actually predicts an upcoming quake, he’ll remain skeptical.

“There are no shortcuts,” he said. “If you cannot predict the future, then your hypothesis is wrong.”

READ MORE: A.I. Is Helping Scientist Predict When and Where the Next Big Earthquake Will Be [The New York Times]

More on earthquake AI: A New AI Detected 17 Times More Earthquakes Than Traditional Methods

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Scientists Are Hopeful AI Could Help Predict Earthquakes

Lose Your Job to a Robot? This Startup Wants to Help You Find Another

Robot Replacements

If you aren’t worried about a robot taking your job, you haven’t been paying attention — expert after expert insists that automation will disrupt nearly every profession, as ever-more-capable machines continue to infiltrate the workforce.

Do we have your attention now? Good, because if you do find yourself replaced by a robot at work, you might want to remember the name NextStep Interactive. It’s a startup that just raised more than $3 million to help U.S. workers displaced by automation find new careers — with the added bonus of potentially improving the nation’s healthcare system.

Next Step

On Thursday, NextStep Interactive announced it had raised $3.15 million in funding. It plans to use the money to develop the technology and learning systems needed to help workers in industries experiencing job losses due to automation learn the skills they need to find new careers as home health aides, medical assistants, and other in-demand healthcare positions.

“The numbers are daunting when you consider what automation means for so many workers,” NextStep co-founder Charissa Raynor said in a press release. “The good news is that the new jobs are there, specifically in healthcare. We have to make retraining accessible and affordable to transition these workers. If we execute well, NextStep can be an answer for a lot of people.”

Future Training

Of course, healthcare isn’t totally immune to the effects of automation. Still, the industry is currently in dire need of new blood, according to John Harris, general partner at JAZZ Venture Partners, which led the funding round.

“Sourcing sufficient qualified candidates for entry-level positions has become a real pain point for healthcare providers and will only get worse with aging demographics,” said Harris. “NextStep is using cutting-edge technologies to source and retrain this workforce cost-effectively and at scale.”

So while we can’t say for sure the people training for these healthcare jobs won’t lose said jobs to bots in a few years, they can at least fill an important need in the nation’s healthcare industry today.

READ MORE: NextStep Interactive Raises $3M to Help People Displaced by AI and Automation Find Healthcare Jobs [GeekWire]

More on automation: McKinsey Finds Automation Could Eradicate a Third of America’s Workforce by 2030

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Lose Your Job to a Robot? This Startup Wants to Help You Find Another

Here’s What Experts Think of Stephen Hawking’s Posthumous Predictions About AI, Gene Hacking, and Religion

Hawking Claims

Renowned physicist Stephen Hawking passed away earlier this year, but his final book, “Brief Answers to the Big Questions,” only came out this week.

In it, Hawking makes a number of bold claims about the future of gene editing, artificial intelligence, and even religion. Here’s how experts evaluate his predictions.

Superhuman Overlords

Hawking raised eyebrows when he claimed that powerful people will hack their genes to become smarter, stronger, and longer-lived. Eventually, he writes in his new book, the rest of us will “die out, or become unimportant.”

Many geneticists already see this as inevitable. Some fear that people will use CRISPR to edit their genes before the technology is deemed safe, so they advocate new laws to protect non-augmented humans.

“We’re probably going to need new international oversight structures, so that we don’t realize these dystopian ‘Brave New World’ examples,” said George Daley, the dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, at the International Summit on Human Genome Editing in 2015.

Killer AI

During his lifetime, Hawking was vocal about his fear of powerful AI. He reiterates his reservations in this book, writing that ignoring the threat of super-powerful AI could be humanity’s “worst mistake ever.” It could destroy us with weapons “we cannot even understand,” he wrote.

There’s some debate on this point. Many technologists, including eccentric billionaire Elon Musk, agree that advanced AI could pose an existential threat to humanity.

But others play it down. “[There’s] no reason right now to be worried about self-conscious AI algorithms that set their own goals and go crazy,” Stanford machine learning lecturer Richard Socher told Fortune. And a poll of AI researchers found that most believe it will take at least 25 years to create an AI superintelligence — so at least we have a little time to prepare.

No Gods, No Masters

Hawking also came out swinging at religion in the book. “Belief in the afterlife is just wishful thinking,” he writes, adding that there’s “no possibility” of God.

Many scientists certainly agree with Hawking on this claim, though not all. A 2015 survey found that many researchers around the world are religious, but in most countries, scientists are by and large less religious than non-scientists.

READ MORE: Stephen Hawking’s Final Book: ‘There Is No God’ [Esquire]

More on Stephen Hawking: Stephen Hawking’s Most Dire Predictions for the Future

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Here’s What Experts Think of Stephen Hawking’s Posthumous Predictions About AI, Gene Hacking, and Religion

A Toy-Sized, Laser-Wielding Robot Is Here to Kill Mosquitoes

Bug Hunt

The robot uprising is starting small.

One day, Terminator-style killer robots might stamp us out like cockroaches. For now, a new bot called the “Laser Movable Mosquito Killer Robot,” created by Chinese robotics company LeiShen Intelligent, does exactly what its name suggests: blasts mosquitoes out of the air with a laser turret.

Roomba Rambo

The robot navigates like any other household bot, but comes equipped with a bug-frying laser, according to Quill or Capture. The company says it can kill up to 40 mosquitoes per second. That seems unbelievably high, but maybe it’s saying that the laser could carve a path through the swarm if the air was literally filled the little buggers.

LeiShen Intelligent also swears the weaponized laser is totally human-safe, which sounds exactly like what killer robots would want us to believe — if you catch my drift.

Take the Fight to Them

As LeiShen Intelligent’s flowery description tells it, the bot could be used to help fight the spread of disease.

In the past thousands of years that are written in history, human’s fight against mosquitoes have never ended with our victory. But with the invention and later-application of these laser mosquito killer products, history is there to be changed. Diseases like malaria, dengue fever and zika that [are] caused by mosquito bites will get controlled a great deal.

While the idea of a weaponized bug zapper darting around your feet might be unsettling, we’re happy to hear that these little laserbots are fighting on our side.

READ MORE: PRESENTING, THE MOSQUITO KILLER ROBOT (!!) [Quill or Capture]

More on autonomous weapons: Five Experts Share What Scares Them the Most About AI

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A Toy-Sized, Laser-Wielding Robot Is Here to Kill Mosquitoes

A Chinese City Plans to Replace Its Streetlights With an Artificial Moon

Night City

Don’t be surprised if sales of blackout curtains start to skyrocket in Chengdu.

On Tuesday, media platform CIF News reported that the Chinese city plans to launch an illumination satellite into the sky in 2020. This “artificial moon” will be eight times as bright as the Earth’s natural one, according to the report — bright enough to replace all the streetlights currently illuminating the city at night.

Reflection

The artificial moon isn’t some giant lightbulb in the sky — a coating on the satellite‘s adjustable wings will simply reflect sunlight onto the city.

Technical details on the satellite are scarce, but if it works as expected, the device will cut Chengdu’s energy consumption enough to save the city an estimated 20 billion yuan (approximately $2.8 billion dollars) within five years of its launch, according to the CIF News report.

Wu Chunfeng, chairman of the Aerospace Science and Technology Microelectronics System Research Institute, the private space contractor behind the project, said during an innovation and entrepreneurship event held in Chengdu last week that testing began on the artificial moon years ago.

The institute predicts the artificial moon will be able to illuminate an area between 10 and 80 kilometers (approximately 6 and 50 miles) in diameter and will be ready for launch within two years.

Bright Future

Those concerned that this atmospheric night light will disturb wildlife in Chengdu needn’t be — researcher Kang Weimin told People’s Daily Online the satellite will produce a dusk-like glow that’s dim enough to not affect the city’s animal population.

As for people who can’t sleep in anything but a completely dark room, though, there’s always those blackout curtains.

READ MORE: Chinese City ‘Plans to Launch Artificial Moon to Replace Streetlights’ [The Guardian]

More on saving energy: Cities’ “Smart” Led Streetlights May Be Secretly Watching Over You

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A Chinese City Plans to Replace Its Streetlights With an Artificial Moon

Big Tech Companies Want to Hack Your Heart Health

Watch This

When Apple added a heart rate monitor to its Apple Watch, it never expected the gadget would reveal to users that they had irregular heartbeats or other serious medical conditions.

But according to a new CNBC feature, stories about users learning about their heart health from the device were a wake up call to the company. Its executives realized that they had a sensor on the pulse — literally — of millions of people worldwide.

Suddenly, Apple was a healthcare company.

Heart Throb

Nowadays, CNBC reports, major tech companies from Apple to Amazon are so interested in developing products to support users’ heart health that they’re competing to hire the world’s best cardiologists in the same way they’ve long jockeyed for the best programmers.

The CEO of Verily, Alphabet’s life sciences property, is a heart doctor. The latest Apple Watch contains the world’s first over-the-counter EKG, and the company’s chief operating officer told CNBC last year that Apple’s focus is on “empowering individuals to play a more active role in their health.”

Health Wealth

Big tech’s long-term goal seems to be hacking heart disease and high blood pressure by collecting and analyzing data from lots of people and finding subtle patterns in it — the same approach it used to tackle everything from online advertising to web commerce.

That approach made those companies extraordinarily successful. But Amazon built that dominance by treating workers poorly, and Alphabet’s child company Google recently shut down its Google Plus social network after accidentally exposing personal data about hundreds of thousands of its users.

As big tech moves into healthcare, maybe we should ask ourselves whether we’re OK putting our hearts into its so-often-careless hands.

READ MORE: Why Big Tech Companies Keep Hiring Heart Doctors [CNBC]

More on medical tech: The New Apple Watch Transforms What a “Medical Device” Can Look Like

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Big Tech Companies Want to Hack Your Heart Health

Get Ready for Pills Programmed to Respond to Your Cells’ Individual Needs

Pill Pusher

Smart pills can already track whether you’re taking your medication and help regulate your bowel movements.

The next evolution: programmable smart pills that tailor medical treatments in response to signals from individual cells.

The preprint server arXiv recently published a paper describing work that could lead to the creation of such pills — and they have to potential to forever change what it means to be human.

Molecular Computation

On Wednesday, MIT Tech Review ran a compelling overview of the research. According to that report, researchers from the University of Chicago figured out a way to trick strands of DNA into behaving like switches — a development in a field known as molecular computation.

The hope is that we can combine these switches into logic gates — the same basic computational building blocks that power the electronics in your computer or smartphone.

Eventually, the Chicago researchers imagine, we could  incorporate those DNA-powered computers into pills, programming them to keep watch on our bodies and release medications in response to signs of distress from individual cells.

Body Load

This research is interesting on a number of levels.

Not only could it lead to incredible medical treatments, it also conjures up visions of a future in which tiny computers reside alongside the natural cells and microflora in the human body — a development that could call into question what exactly it means to be human.

READ MORE: DNA-Based Molecular Computing Will Pave the Way for Programmable Pills [MIT Tech Review]

More on smart pills: Edible Tech Is Finally Useful, Is Here to Help You Poop

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Get Ready for Pills Programmed to Respond to Your Cells’ Individual Needs

An AI Research Supergroup Just Added Its First Chinese Firm

China in the House

Depending who you ask, artificial intelligence (AI) could either save humanity or destroy it.

In an effort to make sure we’re headed toward the former future and not the latter, a group of AI researchers from six major tech companies formed the Partnership on AI (PAI) in 2016.

On Tuesday, the group announced an historic addition to its ranks: Beijing-based tech company Baidu, the consortium’s first-ever member company from China. That new perspective couldn’t come soon enough.

Big Names. Bigger Issue.

PAI was founded by tech titans including Apple, Amazon, and Google. Since then, its ranks have swelled to include more than 70 member companies ranging from Tufts University to the Wikimedia Foundation. But in spite of China’s prominence in the worldwide tech industry, Baidu is PAI’s first Chinese member.

According to Baidu’s president Ya-Qin Zhang, the company is eager to work with its new partners to shape a positive future for AI.

“Ensuring AI’s safety, fairness, and transparency should not be an afterthought but rather highly considered at the onset of every project or system we build,” he said in a press release. “The impact of a transformative technology like AI goes beyond borders, so we are looking forward to both sharing our own insights and learning from our international peers.”

AIs on the Prize

China appears determined to be a world leader in AI research, so the importance of including the nation in discussions on the future of AI is hard to overstate.

“Admitting our first Chinese member is an important step toward building a truly global partnership,” said PAI’s Executive Director Terah Lyons. “The growth and scope of work on AI in China is extensive, and any conversation about the future of AI that does not involve China is an incomplete conversation.”

With AI only starting to emerge as a major market force, now is the time to start the conversations to shape a positive course for the tech. With the addition of Baidu to PAI, a powerful new voice just joined the discussion.

READ MORE: Baidu Becomes the First Chinese Firm to Join US-Led A.I. Body [CNBC]

More on PAI: Apple Joins Amazon, Facebook, Google, IBM and Microsoft in AI Initiative

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An AI Research Supergroup Just Added Its First Chinese Firm

Fake Facebook Pages Spurred Genocide in Myanmar

Fueling the Fire

It’s dangerous to be a Muslim living in Myanmar right now.

According to the United Nations, the predominantly Buddhist nation is in the midst of “a textbook example of ethnic cleansing.” Experts estimate as many as 48,000 members of the Muslim ethnic group the Rohingya could be dead already, and hundreds of thousands have fled the Asian nation to escape the violence.

Now it turns out that for half a decade, the Myanmar military has used Facebook to fuel this fire against the Rohingya. On Monday, The New York Times published a grisly investigation that reveals how information warfare on a social network can fuel actual genocide.

Power to the Platform

Facebook is so prevalent in Myanmar that many of the nation’s 18 million internet think it is the internet — they don’t use any other sites. That gives Facebook a ton of power.

Now we know how state actors used that power to incite violence. According to five sources who spoke to the NYT under the condition of anonymity, hundreds of military personnel contributed to Myanmar’s online propaganda campaign against the Rohyingya over the past several years.

After creating fake Facebook accounts and pages dedicated to news and celebrities, these military members published comments and posts designed to incite hatred and violence against Rohingya. They also criticized any anti-military Facebook posts they found on the site.

Facebook confirmed to the NYT that it had already removed a series of accounts designed to appear focused on entertainment but that were actually tied to the Myanmar military. In total, those accounts had 1.3 million followers, so it’s not hard to imagine how effective Facebook was as a propaganda-spreading tool.

Online Warfare

While Facebook is taking steps to prevent the Myanmar military from using its platform as a propaganda machine, the issue of weaponizing social media extends far beyond just that nation’s borders.

As we watch in horror as the Myanmar situation continues to unfold, Facebook and its ilk need to ask themselves if they’re truly doing everything they can to prevent such nefarious use of their platforms now and in the future. If they aren’t, what’s stopping them?

READ MORE: A Genocide Incited on Facebook, With Posts From Myanmar’s Military [The New York Times]

More on Myanmar: Facebook Needs Humans *and* Algorithms to Filter Hate Speech

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Fake Facebook Pages Spurred Genocide in Myanmar

Glimpse: Virtual Reality For The Masses Might Solve The Problems Social Media Started

Back in December, Facebook admitted something you might have already suspected: too much social media probably isn’t very good for you.

A month prior, Chamath Palihapitiya, a former Facebook VP, put it more bluntly: “The short-term, dopamine-driven feedback loops that we have created are destroying how society works: no civil discourse, no cooperation, misinformation, mistruth,” he said during an interview at Stanford.

That might be a little harsh, but it’s in line with a growing body of research. Excessive social media use has been linked to higher rates of anxiety, depression, increased peer pressure, and negative social comparison. More and more neuroscientists believe it may even be changing the underlying chemistry of our brains.

How will this be treated in the future? Day 180, the sixth episode of Glimpse, a new original sci-fi series from Futurism Studios (a division of Futurism LLC) and DUST explores the effects of these types of addictions. Watch the episode below.

“In a face to face interaction, everything is qualitative,” Lauren Sherman, the author of a 2016 study on the effects of social media on adolescents, told CNN. “You use someone’s gestures or facial expressions, that sort of thing, to see how effective your message is. If you go online, one of the ways you gauge the effectiveness of your message is in the number of likes, favorites or retweets.” In other words, we gauge the success of an online interaction quantitatively, not qualitatively.

Experts now liken this “social quantitative reasoning” to the methods used to make gambling addictive. “The rewards are what psychologists refer to as variable reinforcement schedules and is the key to social media users repeatedly checking their screens,” explained Mark Griffiths, a professor of behavioral addition at Nottingham Trent University, in an interview with The Guardian.

While we don’t yet know if social media can be addictive, it’s clear that sometimes a little break would do us some good. Even some of the companies behind some of these at-times-detrimental tools are making it easier for people to unplug; in May, Google announced its first-ever “Digital Wellbeing” initiative, aimed at developing tools to help users do exactly that.

Clearly, there are things we can do better. But for a lot of people, swearing off social media altogether isn’t exactly an option. A digital presence is increasingly part of the workplace, whether you’re marketing your small business or simply connecting with colleagues in the same field.

Plus, moderate use of digital technologically doesn’t seem to be inherently harmful. Last year, a landmark study of 120,000 adolescents indicated there was a ‘Goldilocks Zone’ for digital screen use. So instead of creating tools to keep us off social media, a better challenge for Silicon Valley, and ideally society as a whole, might be: “How can we reengineer social media to serve people better?”

The answer might just lie in virtual reality.

Getty Images/szfphy/Victor Tangermann

By definition, virtual reality is designed to simulate the real world, immersing us in a digital duplication of it. That, inherently, might protect people from some of the “dopamine-driven feedback loops” they might fall into with social media as we use it now.

And now, the technology is ready to be a part of our everyday lives. The cord-free, phone-free Oculus Go, which Mashable recently called “the iPhone of VR headsets,” may herald in a mass market inflection point.

The Oculus Go’s release is also pushing VR developers toward shared social experiences, instead of individualized play. This is Facebook we’re talking about, after all. Take Oculus Rooms, an app created by Facebook Reality Labs (formerly Oculus Research). Billing itself as your “personalized home base in VR,” Oculus Rooms evokes the customizable chat rooms in Ernest Cline’s Ready Player One to enable close-quarter, face-to-face interaction with a small group of friends joining in from anywhere on Earth.

The emphasis here is on small groups—Oculus Rooms only allows four people to be together at any given time, promoting more meaningful and intimate interactions. The newly expanded Oculus TV offers a similar experience, allowing friends to get together to stream movies and TV together.

Apps that allow small groups of friends to congregate are likely the future of social networking. “What VR does is it takes all the gadgets away, it takes all of the multitasking away and you actually feel like you’re with someone,” Jeremy Bailenson, director of Stanford’s Virtual Human Interaction Lab, explained in an interview with Public Radio International. “We call this social presence — you see their emotions, you see their gestures and it feels just like you’re in the room with them. It takes what is typically seen as something that’s unemotional and distant and makes it feel like somebody is right there with you.”

Bailenson is onto something. Studies have shown that virtual reality is effective in eliciting specific emotions like awe and fear in ways that a smartphone never could. Whether this will ultimately be good or bad for human anthropology remains to be seen, but we’ll find out soon enough.

Ironically — inevitably — it looks like Facebook will be leading the way.

 

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Glimpse: Virtual Reality For The Masses Might Solve The Problems Social Media Started

Novelists Have a Boring New Gimmick: Writing Dull Books With AI

Gimmick Cynic

Once is unique. Twice is a trend. Three or more times starts to feel awfully gimmicky.

That’s where we stand with the ever-so-edgy novelists using artificial intelligence to spit out lazy new books. AI isn’t as impressive as you think — at least not yet — so the results of writing with AI are invariably underwhelming.

Get over yourselves, authors!

24-Hour Bot Show

One recent offender: Robin Sloan, author of the acclaimed “Mr. Penumbra’s 24-Hour Bookstore.”

A new story in The New York Times describes Sloan’s work on his follow-up book. Huddled in his “cluttered man-cave of an office,” he punches in a sentence: “The bison are gathered around the canyon.” Then he hits “tab,” spurring software he trained — with classics by John Steinbeck, Joan Didion, and others — to spit out this page-turner: “The bison are gathered around the canyon by the bare sky.”

“That’s kind of fantastic,” Sloan muses to the Times, which seems like a bit much. “Would I have written ‘bare sky’ by myself? Maybe, maybe not.”

And now we’ll never know.

On The Algorithm

Sloan’s new novel will probably be great compared to this word salad, generated by programmer Ross Goodwin. Goodwin hooked up a bunch of neural networks to a GPS, a camera, and other sensors, then took a road trip from Brooklyn to New Orleans.

The result is a bunch of meaningless sentences like this, strung together into an entire book:

The table is black to be seen, the bus crossed in a corner. A military apple breaks in. Part of a white line of stairs and a street light was standing in the street, and it was a deep parking lot.

Of course, road trip novels are insufferable even when humans write them. To paraphrase Truman Capote’s famous diss of Jack Kerouac: “That’s not writing; that’s just machine learning.”

Fanfic Panic

If you’re tired of actual full-length books, Botnik Studios used a predictive keyboard-style algorithm to churn out a new chapter of “Harry Potter”:

The Castle grounds snarled with a wave of magically magnified wind. The sky outside was a great black ceiling, which was full of blood. The only sounds drifting from Hagrid’s hut were the disdainful shrieks of his own furniture. Magic: it was something that Harry Potter thought was very good.

Heck, it might not be J.K. Rowling, but we have to admit this attempt at writing with AI at least has a certain charm.

READ MOREComputer Stories: A.I. Is Beginning to Assist Novelists [The New York Times]

More on AI-generated literature: Artificial Intelligence Writes Bad Poems Just Like An Angsty Teen

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Novelists Have a Boring New Gimmick: Writing Dull Books With AI

This Week in Tech: Oct 13 – Oct 20

Robocallers, robodogs, robo-trucks. Robots truly are the future. But they might just snap up our jobs, too.

Here’s what else has fascinated us this past week in the world of tech.

IBM Built a Menacing Black Truck for “Cybersecurity Incident Response”. When a cybersecurity disaster strikes, IBM’s C-TOC can roll up like a SWAT vehicle, screech to a halt, and deal with the intrusion.

Watch Boston Dynamics’ Lazy Robodog March Around a Construction Site Without Helping at All. Based on a new video, Boston Dynamics’s SpotMini dog-like robot may be gearing up for a career as a construction site supervisor.

A Shortage of Trained Job-Seekers Is Holding AI Back. The number of AI-trained job-seekers simply isn’t high enough to meet the demand for these employees, according to a new Reuters report.

Rise of the Robocallers: Here’s How We’ll Avoid a Future of Scammers. Robocall scams are getting worse, and tech-based solutions are only treating the symptoms. How will we be able to weed out the good robocalls from the bad?

Uber and Lyft Caused Half of San Francisco’s New Traffic Congestion Since 2010. According to a new report, Uber and Lyft combined are responsible for half of new San Francisco traffic congestion.

Panasonic’s Horse-Style Blinders for Humans Are Like a Dystopian Cubicle For Your Face. Panasonic’s new blinders for humans are supposed to tune out a distracting open office layout. But is it really better than having cubicle walls?

Read More: This Week in Tech: Oct 6 – Oct 12

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This Week in Tech: Oct 13 – Oct 20

These Tidying Robots Clean Up Toys, Put Roomba to Shame

Cleaning House

Think kids move slowly when asked to clean their rooms? They probably look like Usain Bolt next to these robots.

On Monday, Tokyo-based robotics company Preferred Networks showed off a pair of fully autonomous room-tidying robots at CEATEC 2018, a Japanese tech exhibition. And while they are a huge technical step up from the dust-guzzling Roomba, they sure take their time.

Rosy’s Replacements

In a video of the demonstration, the robots navigate a room in which various objects — shoes, toys, plasticware — litter the floor. The robots pick up the objects one by one and put them where they’re supposed to go, expertly dropping a piece of plastic into a bin and placing a shoe neatly on the floor next to its match.

According to a site describing the robots, this is all possible thanks to a combination of cameras and deep learning software, which allow the tidying robots to identify objects and decide their fate. Presumably, users would need to train the bots in some way so they’d know in advance where to place each object.

Slow and Slower

Occasionally, one of the bots drops an object outside a bin, or knocks askew a box of folders while placing an object on a shelf. But in general, the robots seem to know what they’re doing, and they do it with relative skill.

What they don’t seems to know how to do, however, is anything fast — the video is sped up to 20 times actual speed, and the tidying robots still don’t exactly zip around the screen.

According to a Wall Street Journal report, Preferred Networks hopes to sell its room-cleaning robots, but it doesn’t say when. Until it can teach them to pick up the pace, we’re probably better off just tackling our tidying tasks on our own. Sorry, kids.

READ MORE: Robot Solves a Problem Kids Can’t: Cleaning Their Rooms [The Wall Street Journal]

More on cleaning bots: Today in Dystopia: This Roomba “Remembers” a Map of Your House

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These Tidying Robots Clean Up Toys, Put Roomba to Shame

These New Planets Are Massive. So Is What They Could Teach Us.

A Star Is Born*

*Two billion years ago. But still: the star CI Tau is small and young, comparatively speaking. It’s about 80 percent the size of our own Sun and less than half its age. But the planets orbiting the star? Another matter entirely. New research shows that they’re absolute units, dwarfing the largest planets in our own system by an enormous margin. And their sheer magnitude, some believe, could change scientists’ understanding of how planets form.

Large Adult Planets

We already knew about one planet orbiting CI Tau: CI Tau b. That planet’s 10 times the size of Jupiter, but whips around its star every nine Earth days. Jupiter, by comparison, makes it around our Sun only once every 12 years.

Now, a new paper published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters describes CI Tau b’s three colossal brothers.

A ring of dust and gas known as a “protoplanetary disk” surrounds CI Tau. The researchers aimed a network of Chilean radio telescopes at this disk and spotted telltale gaps that almost certainly mean that the little star has three more massive planets. One is three times the size of Jupiter, while the two others are only as big as Saturn. Only.

Large Astronomy Shakeup.

Astronomers previously thought that mega gas planets formed slowly, over periodlonger than CI Tau has been around. One of the researchers who discovered CI Tau’s planets, Farzana Meru, told NBC that the huge gas balls upend that understanding.

Under the right circumstances, it appears, these planets can form far more quickly than we thought possible.

We’ll probably never make it out to CI Tau, which is 500 million light-years away. But for now, we’ll keep an eye peeled for more news about its brood of giant planets and anything they can tell us about the formation of the cosmos.

READ MORE: Record Breaker: 4 Huge Alien Planets Spotted Around Baby Star [Space.com]

More on exoplanets: Scientists Discover 3 New “Super-Earth” Exoplanets

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These New Planets Are Massive. So Is What They Could Teach Us.

Typing in VR Sucks. Microsoft Has an Idea to Make It Better.

Type, Set, Match

Typing on a game console is a pain in the butt. Simply entering an Xbox password can take forever as you scroll up, down, and side to side to select each letter. And then the next one, and the next one.

This is an even worse problem in virtual reality (VR), where selecting letters is still a laborious process. Now, Microsoft has now conjured up what might be a better way to input text in VR.

Quitting QWERTY

Last week, the World Intellectual Property Organization granted Microsoft a patent for the new typing system.

It does away with the traditional QWERTY layout in favor of a dial format. Based on images included in the patent application, it appears the user would spin through the letters using either the joystick on their controller or by gazing in one direction. Once they select a letter, either by pressing a button or making a hand gesture, the system then suggests letters likely to come next in the word.

The idea seems to be that the system will save users time because they won’t have to worry about moving all around the virtual keyboard. Whether that’s accurate is anyone’s guess.

Patent Pending

Of course, no reporting about a patent would be complete without mentioning that a patent approval does not a product make. There’s a solid chance this one will never make the transition from the page into our VR goggles.

If that’s the case, we might just have to resign ourselves to putting the fantasy of VR aside long enough to type the way we currently do.

READ MORE: Microsoft Patent Highlights a Potential VR Text Input System [Digital Trends]

More on VR: Virtual Reality Has Reached a “Tipping Point.” It’s Officially Here to Stay.

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Typing in VR Sucks. Microsoft Has an Idea to Make It Better.

This Guide Could Dictate How Cops Handle Autonomous Car Crashes

Driverless Safety

When there’s an accident, the first police officer or emergency responder to arrive on the scene might ask the driver to turn off the vehicle or pull over to the side of the road. But what if the car doesn’t have a driver?

That’s the question autonomous vehicle (AV) developer Waymo attempts to answer in a newly published guide. The document details everything officials need to know about dealing with AVs on the road — and it could shape the future of AV safety.

Follow the Leader

Waymo started out in 2009 as a Google side project, but since then the company has evolved into one of the biggest names in AV development. Its vehicles have driven more than 10 million miles, and along the way the company has learned a lot about what could go wrong for an AV on the road.

Waymo knows law enforcement officials and first responders are going to cross paths with one of its AVs, the fully self-driving Chrysler Pacifica, from time to time. To ensure those folks know what to do when that happens, the company submitted AV safety guidelines to the California DMV back in May.

On Wednesday, Waymo published a finalized version of what it’s now calling its “Emergency Response Guide and Law Enforcement Interaction Protocol,” and the document details everything from how to tow one of the AVs to how to remove passengers from crashed vehicles.

Share the Road

Of course, the hope is that AVs will eventuallymake our roads safer, not crash into stuff. Still, the transition to AV-dominated transportation will take time. The vehicles are going to share the road with human-driven vehicles for a while (perhaps forever), and while that’s happening, there are going to be accidents.

Officials need to know what do to when these accidents happen, and while the Waymo document focuses on one specific type of AV, it could serve as a blueprint for other manufacturers to follow, helping ensure a relatively seamless transition between the cars we drive and the cars that drive themselves.

READ MORE: Waymo Details How Emergency Services Should Deal With Self-Driving Incidents [Engadget]

More on Waymo: Waymo Plans to Deploy the Largest Fleet of Autonomous Vehicles by 2020

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This Guide Could Dictate How Cops Handle Autonomous Car Crashes

US Farmers Can Now Grow Edible Cotton

Plant the Seed

According to a new Reuters report, plant biotechnologist Keerti Rathore had a specific goal in mind when he first arrived at Texas A&M University in 1995: transform cotton into a crop we could eat.

And he succeeded — with a little genetic wizardry, he produced a modify plant with edible cottonseeds.

On Tuesday, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service lifted its regulations on Rathore’s genetically modified cotton, meaning anyone can now grow it. It could even eventually pave the way to overpriced edible cotton seeds lining the shelves at Whole Foods.

You’re Toxic

Cotton is one of the most widely grown crops in the world. In addition to producing fiber we use for fabrics, it also generates a ton of peanut-sized seeds — for every pound of cotton fiber, we get 1.6 pounds of seeds.

These seeds contain a ton of protein. Unfortunately, they also contain a ton of gossypol, a chemical compound that protects the plant from pests and diseases.

Gossypol is toxic to humans, but Rathore figured out how to genetically modify the cotton plant to silence the gene that produces gossypol in its seeds. The chemical still turns up elsewhere in the plant, though, so it retains its natural protection from harm.

Cotton Candy

Rathore told Reuters that if we replaced all the world’s cottonseeds with his consumption-safe version, which he says taste like chickpeas, we could ensure about 575 million people meet their daily protein requirements. He envisions a future in which we roast the edible cottonseeds to snack on, or grind them into a flour we could use to make breads and other baked goods.

Of course, having permission to grow these genetically modified cotton plants isn’t the same as having permission to feed their seeds to people. Before that can happen, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration will need to approve the seeds.

No word yet on when that might happen. So for now, the only cotton that will find its way onto your dinner table will be in the form of a nice cloth napkin.

READ MORE: Modified Cotton Could Be Human Food Source After U.S. Green Light [Reuters]

More on GMOs: Once and for All, Here’s What Science Says About GMOs

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US Farmers Can Now Grow Edible Cotton