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Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market Enhancement And Growth Rate Analysis forecast 2019 to 2025 – The Ukiah Post

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

The Global Complementary and Alternative Medicine market report centers around giving admirably examined information on the Complementary and Alternative Medicine_market request and supply proportion, the fare/import situation, and the present and future development proportion, cost and income just as an itemized and SWOT examination of key parts of the organizations on the territorial level including the volume utilization of the gadgets.

Get sample copy of Report with table of contents and Figures @ https://www.marketinsightsreports.com/reports/10101497720/global-complementary-and-alternative-medicine-market-size-status-and-forecast-2019-2025/inquiry?&mode=51

Global Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market Analysis Columbia Nutritional, Herb Pharm, Herbal Hills, Helio USA, Deepure Plus, Nordic Naturals, Pure encapsulations, Iyengar Yoga Institute, John Schumachers Unity Woods Yoga Center, Yoga Tree, The Healing Company, Quantum Touch along with their company profile, growth aspects, opportunities, and threats to the market development. This report presents the industry analysis for the forecast timescale. An up-to-date industry details related to industry events, import/export scenario, market share is covered in this report.

Complementary medicine is treatments that are used along with standard medical treatments but are not considered to be standard treatments. One example is using acupuncture to help lessen some side effects of cancer treatment.Alternative medicine is treatments that are used instead of standard medical treatments. One example is using a special diet to treat cancer instead of anticancer drugs that are prescribed by an oncologist.

Major Types of Complementary and Alternative Medicine included are:

Botanicals

Acupuncture

Mind, Body, and Yoga

Magnetic Intervention

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market Analysis by Direct Contact

E-training

Distance Correspondence

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We Can also provide the customized separate regional or country-level reports, for the following regions: North America, United States, China, India, Japan, South Korea, Australia,, Rest of Asia-Pacific, Europe, Russia, Rest of Europe, Middle East & Africa and all over the world.

Global Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market mainly highlights:- The key information related to Complementary and Alternative Medicine industry like the product detail, price, variety of applications, Complementary and Alternative Medicine demand and supply analysis are covered in this report. A comprehensive study of the major Complementary and Alternative Medicine will help all the market players in analyzing the current trends and Complementary and Alternative Medicine market segments. The study of emerging Complementary and Alternative Medicine market segments planes the business strategies and proceeds according to the present Complementary and Alternative Medicine market trends. Global Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market figures the production cost and share by size, by application and by region over the period of 2025.

Browse Detail Report With in-depth TOC @ https://www.marketinsightsreports.com/reports/10101497720/global-complementary-and-alternative-medicine-market-size-status-and-forecast-2019-2025?&mode=51

Further in the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market research reports, following points are included along with in-depth study of each point:-

Production Analysis Production of the Complementary and Alternative Medicine is analyzed with respect to different regions, types and applications. Here, price analysis of various Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market key players are also covered.

Sales and Revenue Analysis Both, sales and revenue are studied for the different regions of the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market. Another major aspect, price, which plays important part in the revenue generation, is also assessed in this section for the various regions.

Supply and Consumption In continuation with sales, this section studies supply and consumption for the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market. This part also sheds light on the gap between supple and consumption. Import and export figures are also given in this part.

Competitors In this section, various Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market leading players are studied with respect to their company profile, product portfolio, capacity, price, cost and revenue.

Other analyses Apart from the aforementioned information, trade and distribution analysis for the Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market, contact information of major manufacturers, suppliers and key consumers is also given. Also, SWOT analysis for new projects and feasibility analysis for new investment are included.

Irfan Tamboli (Head of Sales) Market Insights Reports

Phone: + 1704 266 3234 | +91-750-707-8687

sales@marketinsightsreports.com | irfan@marketinsightsreports.comComplementary and Alternative Medicine Market

Complementary and Alternative Medicine Market Enhancement And Growth Rate Analysis forecast 2019 to 2025 - The Ukiah Post

In Talks: Dr. Ravinder Singh at The Last Bookstore on 10/14 – Patch.com

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Acclaimed Neurologist Dr. Ravinder Singh will be appearing at The Last Bookstore in Los Angeles, this coming Monday, October 14th, to talk about his newest book release "Not Tonight I Have a Headache."

Dr. Ravinder Singh, a board-certified neurologist, a member of the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), is on the board of Complementary and Alternative Medicine branch of the American Headache Society (AHS) and is consulted by physicians all over the United States and internationally in his approach to headache treatment. You will benefit greatly from the wisdom and insight Dr. Singh brings to the topic of headache management. "Not Tonight I Have a Headache" is here to help you make the transition from headache sufferer to life lover.

Amazing insights for control of and freedom from headaches await you within these pages. You will understand the problem and its solutions like never before, with non-technical and easy to understand language written with wit, heart, understanding, and compassion. His book, "Not Tonight I Have A Headache" is a best-seller in migraine and stress mastery. He has extensive research experience in the acute treatment and prevention of stroke. He was part of the initial thrombolytic (clot-busting drugs) trials using TPA for stroke, and has past and current participation in multiple stroke treatment and prevention trials. In addition, Dr. Singh has extensive research experience in the pharmacological treatment of epilepsy. He has participated in clinical trials of many anti-epileptic drugs.

An insightful and educational night will truly be brought to life, as Dr. Ravinder Singh shares his knowledge and expertise.

Details:

Monday, October 14, 2019 7:30 PM 9:00 PM The Last Bookstore 453 South Spring Street Los Angeles, CA 90013

Get advance tickets to the talk and book signing, here:

https://www.eventbrite.com/e/not-tonight-i-have-a-headache-with-dr-ravinder-singh-tickets-73900868487

Connect with Dr. Ravinder Singh online:

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In Talks: Dr. Ravinder Singh at The Last Bookstore on 10/14 - Patch.com

Zanzibars traditional healers: How alternative medicine is growing in Tanzania – The Independent

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Zanzibarstraditional healers, with their toolkits of herbs, holy scriptures and massages are being registered by authorities keen to regulate the practitioners who treat everything from depression to hernias.

About 340 healers have been registered since Zanzibar, a region of Tanzania, passed the Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act in 2009. An estimated 2,000 more healers, or mgangas, are hoping to register, saysHassan Combo, the government registrar at the council that records them.

Mgangas must be aged at least 18, have at least three years of experience and have a recommendation letter from a trained mganga. A council of 11 members that can include birth attendants, respected healers, village elders and lawyers approve applications each month.

From 15p 0.18 $0.18 USD 0.27 a day, more exclusives, analysis and extras.

While the government does not dictate healers methods, it tries to work with them on quality control. Doctors are linked up with traditional healers to give them some medical education on diseases like hypertension, diabetes and pregnancy while the mgangas share information about patient statistics and needs.

Some healers use herbs. Others use scriptures from the Muslim holy book, the Koran. Most use both. Belief in supernatural spirits like djinns features strongly.

Fatawi Haji Hafidh, manager at Makunduchi Hospital, the second largestgovernment-run hospital on Zanzibars main island, says overstretched doctors and nurses may not have the time to see patients or the diagnostic equipment.

Patients may also be unable to afford the medicine prescribed or they may stop taking it before the course is finished, leading them to relapse and adding to their suspicion of government-run facilities, he said.

Many simply believe djinns are the problem.

Writing by Katharine Houreld

Reuters

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Zanzibars traditional healers: How alternative medicine is growing in Tanzania - The Independent

Type 2 diabetes: Adding this ‘superfood’ to your breakfast could lower your blood sugar – Express

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Type 2 diabetes is a condition in which the body cant control the amount of glucose in the blood. The body doesnt respond to insulin properly, and may not produce enough, causing a persons blood glucose level to become too high. If blood sugar stays too high and the condition is left untreated, a number of complications can occur, including kidney failure, nerve damage, heart disease, foot ulcers and stroke. So what can you do to control blood glucose levels?

Regularly eating a poor diet can increase a persons risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

Bupa explains: This might be a diet that doesnt contain much fibre, for example.

A high glycemic index (GI) diet may also make you put on weight, which in turn, increases your risk of type 2 diabetes.

So eating a healthy diet is one way to help manage blood sugar levels.

The NHS advises: Theres nothing you cannot eat if you have type 2 diabetes, but youll have to limit certain foods.

You should eat a wide range of foods - including fruit, vegetables and some starchy foods like pasta and keep sugar, fat an salt to a minimum.

The health body adds the importance of eating breakfast, lunch and dinner every day, and not to skip meals.

When it comes to the first meal of the day, breakfast, what foods are considered best?

Rising in popularity over the last few years and dubbed a superfood, turmeric - a bright yellow spice commonly used in Asian food - has been proven to have a positive impact on blood sugar levels, and may be the perfect addition to your morning meal.

Scientists believe turmeric may have properties that help reduce inflammation and oxidative stress - factors that appear to play a role in diabetes.

For this reason, its believed turmeric may be useful for people with diabetes.

Turmerics blood sugar-lowering properties have been attributed to its curcumin content - most research to date has focused on curcumin rather than whole turmeric.

Authors of a review published in the journal Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative medicine compiled more than 200 research papers on the connected between diabetes and curcumin.

The results found curcumin can help people with diabetes in different ways, including improving insulin resistance and cholesterol levels.

A study in Diabetes Care also found people with pre diabetes who took cur cumin for nine months were less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those taking a placebo.

Turmeric can be added to eggs and oats - both of which have also been shown to have a positive impact on blood sugar levels.

When it comes to the last meal of the day, enjoying a certain drink before bed may help lower blood sugar.

Other ways to control blood sugar levels include regular exercise and losing weight if youre overweight.

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Type 2 diabetes: Adding this 'superfood' to your breakfast could lower your blood sugar - Express

Orthorexia: When ‘Clean Eating’ Become An Unhealthy Obsession : The Salt – NPR

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Orthorexia occurs when people become so fixated on the idea of eating "cleanly," or choosing only whole foods in their natural state, that they end up imperiling their physical and mental health. Sometimes this means missing critical nutrients or not getting enough calories. Meredith Rizzo/NPR hide caption

Whether it's gluten-free, dairy-free, raw food, or all-organic, many people these days are committed to so-called "clean eating" the idea that choosing only whole foods in their natural state and avoiding processed ones can improve health.

It's not necessarily a bad thing to eat this way, but sometimes these kinds of food preferences can begin to take over people's lives, making them fear social events where they won't be able to find the "right" foods. When a healthful eating pattern goes too far, it may turn into an eating disorder that scientists are just beginning to study.

Alex Everakes, 25, is a public relations account executive from Chicago. As a kid, he struggled with being overweight. In his teens and 20s, he tried to diet, and he gained and lost and regained about 100 pounds.

When he moved to Los Angeles after college, he took his diet to a new level. He started working out twice a day. At one point, he ate just 10 foods "Spinach, chicken, egg whites, red peppers because green peppers make you bloated spaghetti squash, asparagus, salmon, berries, unsweetened almond milk, almond butter," Everakes says.

He went from 250 pounds at his heaviest, down to 140. He posted pictures of his six-pack abs and his "clean" diet online and was praised for it. He felt virtuous, but at the same time, he was starving, tired and lonely.

"My life literally was modeled to put myself away from destruction of my fitness," Everakes says.

He became afraid to eat certain foods. He worked at home to avoid office parties where he'd have to eat in front of others. He didn't go out or make friends because he didn't want to have to explain his diet.

It turns out Everakes was struggling with something called orthorexia nervosa.

Orthorexia is a fairly recent phenomenon. Dr. Steven Bratman, an alternative medicine practitioner in the 1990s, first coined the term in an essay in the nonscientific Yoga Journal in 1997. Many of his patients eschewed traditional medicine and believed that the key to good health was simply eating the "right" foods. Some of them would ask him what foods they should cut out.

Whether it's gluten or dairy, many people avoid certain types of foods. Sometimes food avoidance can turn into fear, obsession and even veer into an eating disorder that scientists are just beginning to study. Meredith Rizzo/NPR hide caption

"People would think they should cut out all dairy and they should cut out all lentils, all wheat ... And it dawned on me gradually that many of these patients, their primary problem was that they were ... far too strict with themselves," he says.

So Bratman made up the name orthorexia, borrowing ortho from the Greek word meaning "right" and -orexia meaning "appetite." He added nervosa as a reference to anorexia nervosa, the well-known eating disorder which causes people to starve themselves to be thin.

"From then on, whenever a patient would ask me what food to cut out, I would say, 'We need to work on your orthorexia.' This would often make them laugh and let them loosen up, and sometimes it helped people move from extremism to moderation," he recalls.

Bratman had no idea that the concept of "clean eating" would explode over the next two decades.

Where dieters once gobbled down no-sugar gelatin or fat-free shakes, now they might seek out organic kale and wild salmon.

The rise of celebrity diet gurus and glamorous food photos on social media reinforce the idea that eating only certain foods and avoiding others is a virtue practically a religion.

Sondra Kronberg, founder and executive director of the Eating Disorder Treatment Collaborative outside New York City, has seen a lot of diet trends over the past 40 years.

"So orthorexia is a reflection on a larger scale of the cultural perspective on 'eating cleanly,' eating ... healthfully, avoiding toxins including foods that might have some 'super power,' " she says.

Now, Kronberg and other nutritionists applaud efforts to eat healthfully. The problem comes, she says, when you are so focused on your diet that "it begins to infringe on the quality of your life your ability to be spontaneous and engage." That's when you should start to worry about an eating disorder, she says.

"In the case of orthorexia, it centers around eating 'cleanly' and purely, where the other eating disorders center around size and weight and a drive for thinness," she says.

Sometimes these problems overlap, and some people who only eat "clean" foods miss critical nutrients from the foods they cut out or don't consume enough calories. "It could become a health hazard and ultimately, it can be fatal," Kronberg says.

The rise of celebrity diet gurus posting food photos on social media has reinforced the idea that eating only certain foods is a virtue. Meredith Rizzo/NPR hide caption

The rise of celebrity diet gurus posting food photos on social media has reinforced the idea that eating only certain foods is a virtue.

While people with these symptoms are showing up in clinics like Kronberg's, scientists don't agree on what orthorexia is.

Dr. S.E. Specter, a psychiatrist and nutrition scientist based in Beverly Hills who specializes in eating disorders, notes that there are only 145 published scientific articles on orthorexia. "For anorexia nervosa, there are 16,064 published studies and for eating disorders in general, there are 41,258. So [orthorexia] doesn't stack up in terms of the knowledge base so far," he says.

A 2018 review of orthorexia studies published in the journal Eating and Weight Disorders finds no common definition, standard diagnostic criteria, or reliable ways to measure orthorexia's psychological impact.

Orthorexia is not listed specifically in the DSM the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders but that doesn't mean it's untreatable.

"I just think orthorexia is maybe a little bit too hard to pin down, or it's looked at as a piece of the other related disorders the eating disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder, and general anxiety disorder as well," Specter says.

To treat it, "we have to look at the thought process and try to disentangle the beliefs that a person has. They become very entrenched," he says.

"It's a very kind of gradual process for ... many in terms of trying to back out of a need to always check to see that, you know, locks are locked or that a food is not going to be harmful to them cause their skin to break out or increase their risk of cancer," he says.

Alex Everakes has been in treatment for two years. While he's still significantly underweight, he says he's happier and learning to see his diet a little differently.

Everakes eats more freely on the weekends now and tries to add a new food every few days. He's made some friends who don't restrict their eating.

For Everakes, taking control of his orthorexia is "knowing that your world isn't going to come crashing down if you have like, a piece of pizza."

He's managed this by taking baby steps. Instead of going right for a slice of standard pizza, he started with cauliflower crust pizza. He ordered frozen yogurt before going for full-fat ice cream.

Eating disorders can strike anyone. Roughly 1 in 3 people struggling with eating disorders is male, according to the National Eating Disorders Association. And these disorders affect athletes at a higher rate than the rest of the population.

If you think you have orthorexia or any eating disorder, it's important to seek professional help and friends who support you, Everakes says.

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Orthorexia: When 'Clean Eating' Become An Unhealthy Obsession : The Salt - NPR

Goa CM Pramod Sawant Stops Convoy for Injured Tourist, Takes Her to the Hospital – News18

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

IANS

Panaji: Goa Chief Minister Pramod Sawant on Friday stopped his convoy to provide assistance to a woman tourist who had met with an accident, by first examining her and then taking her to the nearest hospital in one of his escort vehicles.

On his way back from the Dabolim international airport, after returning from an official visit to the national capital where he met several BJP leaders as well as Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, he stopped the convoy at the Zuari bridge to enquire after the woman who was knocked down in a hit and run case.

Sawant, who is a doctor in alternative medicine, examined her wounds and then facilitated her visit to the nearest hospital in a car from his convoy. The video of Sawant rendering help to the injured tourist was uploaded to the social media by an eyewitness.

"The Chief Minister also enquired whether the injured lady had noted down the number of the vehicle which had collided with a two-wheeler," an official attached to the Chief Minister's Office said.

Get the best of News18 delivered to your inbox - subscribe to News18 Daybreak. Follow News18.com on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, Telegram, TikTok and on YouTube, and stay in the know with what's happening in the world around you in real time.

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Goa CM Pramod Sawant Stops Convoy for Injured Tourist, Takes Her to the Hospital - News18

NASA spacewalk: Astronauts at International Space Station continue battery replacement work in 2nd of 5 planned spacewalks – CBS News

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Astronauts Drew Morgan and Christina Koch floated back outside the International Space Station Friday and completed work to replace six aging batteries with three more powerful units in one of the lab's eight solar power circuits. Three more spacewalks are planned over the next two weeks to replace another six batteries in an adjacent circuit.

The spacewalk began amid news from Moscow that legendary cosmonaut Alexei Leonov, the first human to walk in space in 1965 and commander of the Soyuz spacecraft that docked with a NASA Apollo capsule in 1975, had died after a long illness. He was 85.

"With our colleagues safely back inside having completed their spacewalk today, we would like to acknowledge that this is a bittersweet day for all of us on the International Space Station," Jessica Meir said after Morgan and Koch returned to the Quest airlock to wrap up a 6-hour 45-minute spacewalk.

"Although we mourn his passing, it is somewhat fitting that Leonov left us on the day of a spacewalk. His 12-minute excursion outside the Voskhod 2 spacecraft more than a half century ago began a chapter in human spaceflight that brought us to the moon and which will bring the world to distant ports of exploration in the cosmos in the years ahead."

The two-time Hero of the Soviet Union was a widely respected elder statesman in the international space community, honored by spacewalking cosmonauts during an excursion outside the space station earlier this year. A memorial service is planned for Oct. 15, according to his assistant.

Morgan and Koch switched their spacesuits to battery power at 7:38 a.m. EDT to officially kick off the 220th space station assembly and maintenance EVA since construction began in 1998. The outing came 35 years to the day after Kathy Sullivan became the first American woman to walk in space during a flight aboard the shuttle Challenger.

After making their way to the far left end of the station's power truss, half a football field away from the lab's pressurized living compartments, Koch and Morgan resumed work they started Oct. 6 when they removed three older nickel-hydrogen batteries and installed two of the more efficient li-ion units.

Because one new battery replaces two of the older models, the astronauts also are installing and wiring in six adapter plates where older batteries were removed.

The space station is equipped with eight huge solar array wings arranged in pairs, four on each end of the power truss. Each pair of wings is equipped with an integrated electronics assembly, or IEA, that originally were loaded with 12 nickel-hydrogen batteries each to provide electricity when the lab complex flies through Earth's shadow.

Each IEA services two of the station's eight electrical channels.

To keep the station operating at peak efficiency through the 2020s, NASA is in the process of replacing all 48 of the original batteries with 24 of the more powerful lithium-ion models. Two sets of six were installed in 2017 and 2018 for the left and right inboard arrays and the third set is being installed this month on the far left side of the truss.

A final set of six will be delivered to the space station next year for the far right side solar arrays.

During their first spacewalk last Sunday, Morgan and Koch removed three of the six nickel-hydrogen batteries that fed power channel 2B and installed two li-ion replacements. By the end of their second EVA, the astronauts had removed the remaining three nickel-hydrogen units and installed channel 2B's third and final li-ion battery, along with the required adapter plates.

With their primary tasks complete, the spacewalkers carried out a few "get-ahead" tasks that will save time during the next spacewalk in the series, this one by Morgan and Meir, next Wednesday. The three remaining excursions will be devoted to servicing power channel 4B and carrying out additional get-ahead tasks as time permits.

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NASA spacewalk: Astronauts at International Space Station continue battery replacement work in 2nd of 5 planned spacewalks - CBS News

Astronauts just printed meat in space for the first time and it could change the way we grow food on Earth – Business Insider

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Space food is notoriously lackluster, but new technology is slowly revolutionizing the way astronauts eat. Whereas the first astronauts in space squeezed their meals from toothpaste-like tubes, today's astronauts chow down on ice cream and fresh fruit, and season their meals with liquid salt and pepper.

But there are still limits to the types of food that can withstand microgravity. Anything that can produce crumbs, for instance, is considered dangerous, since food particles can clog a spacecraft's electrical systems or air filters. Food also needs to last for an extended period of time, in case resupply missions go awry.

So tech companies are experimenting with ways to grow food onboard a spacecraft.

In late September, the Israeli food-tech startup Aleph Farms oversaw the growth of meat in space for the first time, with the help of a 3D printer. The experiment isn't entirely new Aleph Farms has been cooking up lab-grown steaks since December 2018 but it does suggest that meat could be grown in all kinds of harsh environments.

Cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko on board of the International Space Station during the first experiment with 3D bioprinter in December 2018. 3D Bioprinting Solutions

To make their lab-grown meat, Aleph Farms starts by extracting cells from a cow through a small biopsy. The cells are then placed in a "broth" of nutrients that simulates the environment inside a cow's body. From there, they grow into a thin piece of steak.

Those who've tasted the product say it leaves something to be desired, but it's meant to mimic the texture and flavor of traditional beef.

"We're the only company that has the capacity to make fully-textured meat that includes muscle fibers and blood vessels all the components that provide the necessary structure and connections for the tissue," Aleph's CEO and co-founder, Didier Toubia, told Business Insider last year.

But to grow the meat in space, Aleph Farms had to alter their process slightly.

First, they placed the cow cells and nutrient broth in closed vials. Next, they loaded the vials onto the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft in Kazakhstan. On September 25, the spacecraft took off for the Russian segment of the International Space Station, orbiting about 250 miles away from Earth.

Cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko on board the International Space Station during the first experiment with the 3D bioprinter in December 2018. 3D Bioprinting Solutions

When the vials arrived at the station, Russian astronauts known as cosmonauts inserted them into a magnetic printer from the Russian company 3D Bioprinting Solutions. The printer then replicated those cells to produce muscle tissue (the "meat"). The samples returned to Earth on October 3, without being consumed by the cosmonauts.

"This experiment was strictly proof of concept," Grigoriy Shalunov, a project manager at 3D Bioprinting Solutions, told Business Insider. In the future, he said, the company hopes to provide a protein source for deep space missions and initial colonies on the moon and Mars.

The experiment isn't the first time food has been artificially grown in space. In 2015, astronauts grew romaine lettuce on the International Space Station. NASA is now developing a "space garden" that can produce lettuce, strawberries, carrots, and potatoes on the Gateway, a proposed space station that could orbit the moon.

The ability to print meat in microgravity isn't just good news for astronauts. It also suggests that companies could print meat in extreme environments on Earth particularly in places where water or land is scarce.

Read more: This is what it's like to eat food grown in a 'space garden'

Aleph Farms' slaughter-free steaks. Afik Gabay

Normally, it takes up to 5,200 gallons of water to produce a single 2.2-pound steak (the large slabs typically sold at the grocery store). But growing cultured meat uses about 10 times less water and land than traditional livestock agriculture. Lab-grown meat is also quicker to produce Aleph Farms calls its product a "minute steak," because it takes just a couple of minutes to cook.

The need to produce more food while conserving natural resources is more pressing than ever. A recent report from the United Nations' Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change found that our food industry including the land and resources required to raise livestock produces 37% of global greenhouse-gas emissions.

In a statement to Business Insider, Aleph Farms said its space experiment was a direct response to these challenges.

"It is time Americans and Russians, Arabs and Israelis rise above conflicts, team up, and unite behind science to address the climate crisis and food security needs," the company said. "We all share the same planet."

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Astronauts just printed meat in space for the first time and it could change the way we grow food on Earth - Business Insider

Astronauts 3D-Print Beef on the International Space Station – ExtremeTech

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

This site may earn affiliate commissions from the links on this page. Terms of use.

Most people like eating meat, but the ecological impacts of raising livestock to feed seven billion humans is not insignificant. So, companies around the world are trying to come up with alternative ways of producing meat and meat-like materials. Thats all happened on Earth, but what about meat-loving astronauts? For the first time, weve made synthetic meat in space aboard the International Space Station.

Currently, your options for artificial meat are limited to plant-based materials from brands like Impossible and Beyond. The next step might be to generate real meat with the aid of bioprinting. Israeli startup Aleph Farms has partnered with several 3D printing companies to conduct an experiment on the International Space Station (ISS). The company says this is the first time anyone has produced synthetic mean in space. We have no way to verify that claim, but it sounds extremely plausible.

Aleph Farms process for producing artificial beef relies on mimicking the natural muscle-tissue regeneration process in cows. If youve ever eaten a bad steak, you know its not just the animal cells that matter its also the way theyre organized. Aleph Farms says its process results in a more realistic piece of slaughter-free meat. Getting that meaty texture right has been a challenge for lab-grown meat, and doing this work in space could help inform how we do it on Earth.

The experiment took place in the Russian lab on the ISS using a printer developed by Russia-based 3D Bioprinting Solutions. The animal cells were mixed with growth factors to create the bio-ink for the printer. The printer lays down layer after layer of cells, which grow into a small piece of muscle tissue. The company says bioprinting meat in space has the potential to be much faster than it is on Earth. Without gravity, the biomaterial can grow in all directions without and support structure. On Earth, you need a lattice and can only print from one side at a time. You can see a tiny 3D printed blob of meat above.

Were still a long way from making 3D printed meat financially viable on Earth, but the costs of space travel are already astronomical. It might actually make sense for astronauts on extended missions to produce some of their meat in 3D printers rather than having everything pre-packaged. Aleph Farms still aims to begin expanding its beef printing techniques here on Earth, allowing it to make and sell meat that requires less water and farmland.

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Astronauts 3D-Print Beef on the International Space Station - ExtremeTech

Viewing Tropical Cyclones From The International Space Station – Forbes

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Hurricane Edouard (ISS041-E-14067) over the Atlantic Ocean, taken from the ISS on September 16, 2014 at 13:51:49 GMT (8:51:39 am Central Daylight Time). At that time, Edouard was a category 2 (moderately strong) hurricane.

Tropical cyclones, called hurricanes or typhoons depending on the part of the world where they occur, are the most devastating natural phenomenon on Earth, causing more loss of life and property than any other natural phenomena. But a new investigation on The International Space Station is studying these powerful storms from space.

There was no need to install new instruments or develop novel sensor technologies. Instead, a camera on The International Space Station simply aimed at the storm can measure cloud tops in the eyewall of a tropical cyclone. The Cyclone Intensity Measurements from the ISS (CyMISS) gathers imagery from a camera mounted in the Cupola, which is a dome-shaped observation module with seven windows and is an excellent spot for viewing Earth.

The eyewall of a cyclone is the region of extreme winds and torrential rainfall that lies just outside the cloud-free eye at the center of the storm. The camera on the ISS measures cloud-top altitude near the eye with pseudo-stereoscopy on sequences of photographic images. The intensity of a strong tropical cyclone is related to the altitude of these clouds. So making these measurements helps assess storm intensity and can also improve the accuracy of weather modeling and storm track prediction.

A montage of twelve images, each covering an area of 62 x 62 miles centered on the cloud-free eye of Edouard, taken from the ISS over the course of an 82-second interval. The bright eyewall clouds lie just outside the eye and whirl around it at speeds of up to 110 mph (up to 230 mph in the most intense hurricanes). The tops of these clouds lay 30 50,000 ft. above sea level.

Advance warning of a tropical cyclones intensity is crucial for protecting lives and property in the face of a storm. But real-time information on hazardous weather such as tropical cyclones is not available for much of the world. Small ground-based systems such as hurricane-hunting aircraft are capable of gathering storm data, but these hurricane-hunting aircraft only cover a small portion of the planet affected by such storms. These flights are expensive and dangerous (five aircraft and their crews have been lost in past years).

Using the ISS to gather measurements on storm and weather systems from space is safer, less expensive, and potentially more effective than ground observation. These instruments on the ISS provide real-time data to researchers, meteorologists and disaster response authorities. This means that studying these powerful storms from space will continue to be a major step toward alerting populations and governments around the world when a dangerous storm is approaching.

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Viewing Tropical Cyclones From The International Space Station - Forbes

This man got a phone call from astronaut Jessica Meir at the International Space Station – Bangor Daily News

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Talk about a long-distance phone call.

Dale Hawkins, the operations manager at PinProsPlus, an online pin-making company in Kaysville, Utah, on Friday received what turned out to be anything but a normal business call, according to NBC affiliate KSL.

Hey, this is Jessica Meir, the caller said. Im so glad you picked up. Im not able to leave you a call-back number.

Hawkins told the TV station that he recognized Meirs name from previous email correspondence, but what he didnt realize at first was the Maine native had called from the International Space Station, where she is based for the next six months.

Meir arrived at the International Space Station, some 250 miles above the Earth, aboard the Soyuz MS-15 spacecraft on Sept. 25 with Russian cosmonaut Oleg Skripochka and Emirati astronaut Hazz Al Mansouri. KSL reports that Meir discussed with Hawkins her order for Expedition 61 pins for family and friends to commemorate her first spaceflight. PinProsPlus has for six years created official and customized pins for NASA.

Its not everyday someone calls from outer space, so Hawkins told KSL that he needed to ask Meir something.

Is it what you expected? was the first question that came to Hawkins mind, according to KSL. She kind of got quiet and paused for a moment and said, You know, its more than I ever imagined it would be. And I thought, man thats so cool.

Meir, the valedictorian of Caribou High Schools Class of 1995, was among three women and four men selected from 6,100 applicants in 2013 for NASAs 21st class of astronauts. She is the third Mainer, and first Maine woman, to enter into outer space, the others being Christopher Cassidy, a York High School graduate who has completed six spacewalks and served as the nations chief astronaut from 2013 to 2017, and Charles O. Hobaugh, a Bar Harbor native who has made three spaceflights.

Meir is scheduled to go on the first all-female spacewalk with astronaut Christina Koch on Oct. 21.

Kaysville is north of Salt Lake City.

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This man got a phone call from astronaut Jessica Meir at the International Space Station - Bangor Daily News

SpaceX Competitor Creating Cell Tower In Space – Forbes

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Small satellites deploy from the International Space Station, courtesy of a company called Nanoracks. Co-founder Charles Miller is now focusing on even smaller satellites for spaceflight.

Hot off the success of co-founding a company to commercialize the space station, Charles Miller's next frontier is going head-to-head with SpaceXs quest to provide constant cell connectivity in orbit.

Miller is best known for the success of NanoRacks, a one-stop-shopping company for firms looking to make money in microgravity on the International Space Station. Working closely with NASA, NanoRacks runs experiments on the U.S. Harmony module and manages tiny satellites launched into space using a robotic Japanese arm.

While SpaceX plans on spending billions of dollars to launch 12,000 satellites for its Starlink constellation, Miller says he can improve cell service in rural America or continental Africa for much less money and using smaller satellites. Because there are few cell towers in these regions, his company Lynk (recently renamed from UbiquitiLink) aims to recreate cell towers in orbit instead.

The market opportunity, as he sees it, is huge, as there "five billion people with a phone in their pocket" many of whom live in constant disconnectivity because they don't have a cell tower within 22 miles (35 kilometers) of their location.

Lynk has performed two "cell tower" demonstrations using Northrop Grumman Cygnus spacecraft.

Lynk has raised $12 million to date and has already flown two prototypes in space aboard Northrop Grumman Cygnus spacecraft. Its set to launch a third prototype Dec. 4, and plans a fourth in March 2020.

Its secret sauce is repurposing the base station software in the cell tower that talks to your phone, including tricking conventional phones into accepting talking to space-based "cell towers" as far as 375 miles (600 km) away.

As of this month, Lynk is pre-revenue with 33 testing partners, including 24 mobile network operators that serve 1.5 billion subscribers in 60 countries. Some disclosed partners include Cellular One in Arizona, Telefonica's MoviStar service in Argentina and Vodafone Hutchison Australia.

Rapidly growing and with 24 part-time and full-time employees under its wing, Lynk plans to have several thousand satellites in service within the next five years.

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SpaceX Competitor Creating Cell Tower In Space - Forbes

NASA Launches Long-Delayed ICON Space Weather Satellite to Study Earth’s Ionosphere – Space.com

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. A long-awaited NASA mission designed to probe Earth's upper atmosphere has finally taken off after years of delays.

The Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) spacecraft launched tonight (Oct. 10) at 10:00 p.m. EDT (0200 GMT on Oct. 11) aboard a Northrop Grumman Pegasus XL rocket, which was released in midair from its carrier plane, a Stargazer L-1011. The aircraft had taken off about an hour and a half earlier from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station here.

ICON will make its way to Earth orbit on a mission to study the planet's ionosphere, a massive layer of our atmosphere that overlaps with the boundary of space. The spacecraft's measurements will help scientists better understand the link between space weather and terrestrial weather, and how the two interact in the ionosphere, mission team members said.

Video: Watch NASA Air-Launch the ICON Space Weather SatelliteRelated: Earth's Atmosphere: Composition, Climate & Weather

A Northrop Grumman Pegasus XL rocket streaks toward space carrying NASA's Ionosphere Connection Explorer satellite, or ICON, on Oct. 10, 2019. The rocket was launched from mid-air after being dropped by an L-1011 Stargazer carrier plane that took off from the Skid Strip runway at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

(Image credit: NASA TV)

"The ionosphere is continually changing, and it's very dynamic," Nicky Fox, head of NASA's heliophysics division, explained during a prelaunch news briefing on Tuesday (Oct. 8).

"The ionosphere is a remarkable physics lab," Fox said. "It's not only a great place to go and study plasma physics, but it's also a region that has a big space weather impact on us."

Scientists have long been eager for the vending-machine-size satellite to get off the ground to see what it might tell us about this mysterious region. According to Fox, the ionosphere gets its name thanks to radiation from the sun, which bombards the atoms and molecules in this part of the atmosphere, essentially giving them a charge a process called ionization.

It's here where strange and unique phenomena, such as the auroras and geomagnetic storms, are created. It's hard to forecast when these types of events will occur, because the ionosphere is an incredibly difficult region to study.

Related: Aurora Photos: Amazing Northern Lights Display from Solar Storms

An artist's view of NASA's Ionospheric Connection Explorer, or ICON, satellite. NASA has delayed the ICON satellite's planned June 14 launch due to rocket issues.

(Image credit: NASA)

Until about a decade ago, scientists thought the sun caused most of the changes in the ionosphere, but more recent research suggests that is not the case; daily changes in the region are observed even when the sun isn't generating powerful storms. Fox explained that this is because terrestrial weather patterns and extreme events such as hurricanes also cause changes in the ionosphere.

This dynamic region where Earth weather meets space weather is home to the International Space Station and is a critical pathway for communications satellites. Radio waves and Global Positioning System (GPS) signals pass directly through this turbulent layer, and those signals can be distorted by patches of ionized material.

This is an issue because space weather can not only have an impact on communications systems but also electronics and even power grids. To mitigate these effects, scientists are hoping to better understand the sun and its many processes. And ICON can help with that, mission team members said.

Related: NASA's ICON Satellite Mission in Pictures

The $252 million probe is going right into the thick of the ionosphere, heading for a circular orbit 357 miles (575 kilometers) above Earth's surface. Equipped with various instruments that are designed to measure winds and particles, ICON will also measure how dense the atmosphere is and analyze its chemical composition.

Such data were supposed to be rolling in already. ICON was originally scheduled to launch in 2017, but issues with the Pegasus caused multiple lengthy delays. (Bad weather also scuttled an attempt yesterday, Oct. 9.)

ICON finally got aloft tonight. Stargazer L-1011 took off from the Skid Strip runway at Cape Canaveral Air Force station at 8:32 p.m. EDT (0032 GMT) and headed for its planned drop zone about 50 to 100 miles (80 to 160 km) east of Daytona Beach.

The crew released the 57-foot-long (17 meters) rocket at 10:00 p.m. (0200 GMT), on its second approach to the drop zone. (On the first try, mission control briefly lost communication contact with the carrier plane, leading to an abort.) Five seconds after the drop, the three-stage Pegasus ignited and began to climb to orbit.

Don Walter, Northrop Grumman's chief pilot for the L-1011, said the flight is like an attraction at Disney World. "When the rocket launches, the airplane wants to go up, and you get pushed back in your seat," he told Space.com. "Which is a good thing for us. When the rocket lights, we want to be a long way away."

He went on to explain that the experience is also quite noisy. "It sounds like a freight train underneath the plane," he added.

This flight was the 44th launch of a Pegasus rocket on a satellite delivery mission and the seventh out of Cape Canaveral.

While in space, ICON will work in tandem with another NASA mission called GOLD (Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk), which launched as a tagalong payload aboard a commercial communications satellite in January 2018. From its orbital perch 22,000 miles (35,400 km) above the Earth, GOLD has been monitoring the ionosphere from above. The two missions will work together to provide a complete picture of the inner workings of the ionosphere.

Follow Amy Thompson on Twitter @astrogingersnap. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or Facebook.

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NASA Launches Long-Delayed ICON Space Weather Satellite to Study Earth's Ionosphere - Space.com

A volcano blows its top, seen from space – SYFY WIRE

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

If you like volcanoes, eastern Russia is the place to be. The Kamchatka peninsula and environs are loaded with active volcanoes that erupt quite often.

South of the peninsula is a long archipelago called the Kuril Islands, dropping as far south as Japan (in fact Russia and Japan dispute the sovereignty of some of the volcanoes in the southern part). All of these islands are the tops of volcanoes, created as the Pacific tectonic plate slips beneath the Okhotsk plate to the west. There are over 100 volcanoes there, and nearly half of them are active.

One, which you'd easily miss on a map, is called Raikoke. It's only a couple of kilometers across, and has a crater in the middle 700 meters across and 200 deep. As volcanoes go it's a fair-to-middlin' one. It erupted a couple of times in the 18th century (one of which destroyed the upper third of the island!) and again in 1924. After that, it lay quiet for nearly a century.

Then, on June 22, 2019, it blew its lid off again. Now mind you, this is not a heavily inhabited region of the world (fewer than 20,000 people live in the whole archipelago), so getting close-up pictures of the event isn't likely.

unless you happen to include a thousand or so kilometers away as "close-up". Maybe not, but if most of that is across the vacuum of space, you still get incredible photos, like this one taken by an astronaut on board the International Space Station:

Whoaaaaaa. That's phenomenal. It was taken a few hours after the eruption, as the ISS passed over that part of the world. You can see the ash cloud rising, punching its way through the troposphere and right up into the stratosphere. The hot gas and ash plume rises due to convection (like a hot air balloon rising), and stops when the density of the air around it is the same as the density inside the plume. At that altitude it won't rise any more, but stuff still keeps coming up from underneath, so the plume flattens and spreads outward, creating the anvil shape you also see with really strong cumulonimbus storm clouds (and for the same reason).

It was also seen by NASA's Earth-observing Terra satellite, this time from nearly straight above it:

You can get a sense of the anvil, and see the prevailing winds taking the ash to the east. Some parts of the plume may have reached heights of about 17 kilometers. The plume has a lot of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in it, which got injected into the stratosphere.

Interestingly, once up there SO2 can be converted by sunlight into a sulfate aerosol, small particles that have a lot of sulfur in them. These are efficient at reflecting sunlight, so can actually cool the planet a wee bit. After huge eruptions the average temperature of the planet can drop a little but not much, not nearly enough to keep up with how much we're warming it. The effect is temporary anyway, since these wash out of the sky in rain. And that's bad too since when dissolved in water it creates weak sulfuric acid acid rain.

I was initially surprised to find out that the overwhelming majority of sulfur dioxide in our air is created by humans. But after thinking about it and putting it in context, this makes sense: For example, humans emit 100 times as much carbon dioxide into the air annually than volcanoes do!

A volcanic eruption is a titanic event, sowing chaos and seemingly dwarfing our own endeavors. But it's short lived, and as powerful as it may be, humans wield far more destructive forces. It's really far past time we learned better how to wield them or sheathe them.

A volcano blows its top, seen from space - SYFY WIRE

Falling Fireballs Crashed in Chile Last Week. They Weren’t Meteorites, Experts Say. – Space.com

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Goodness gracious! Great balls of fire rained from the sky in Chile last week, and officials are still trying to figure out what they were and where they came from.

One thing is certain: The mysterious burning objects were not meteors, according to news reports.

The fiery UFOs descended on Dalcahue City on the Chilean island of Chilo on Sept. 25, CNET reported. . The tumbling objects crash-landed in seven locations, setting off fires that were promptly put out by volunteer firefighters. .

Related: 7 Things Most Often Mistaken for UFOs

Chilo island resident Bernardita Ojeda had one fireball land on her property, where the flames ignited a few bushes, Ojeda told local news station Channel 2.

Geologists from Chile's National Geology and Mining Service soon arrived to examine the seven sites that had been scorched by the falling space stuff. While they conducted their analyses, the story spread through local news, social media and national outlets.

Chilean astronomer and astrophysicist Jos Maza told Chilean news network TVN that the blazing bodies were likely either meteorites or space debris that had detached from rockets or satellites, according to CNET. On Sept. 26, astronomer Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics chimed in on Twitter, saying that the falling objects were probably meteorites and that there were "no obvious space debris candidates that [he could] see."

"But [it] sometimes takes a few days for relevant data to come in," McDowell added.

On Sept. 28, the geologists released their official assessment: None of the seven sites contained traces of meteorite. Since the mysterious objects weren't meteors, logic dictates that they must have been wayward space junk, but officials said they'll be conducting more detailed analyses of soil samples collected from the singed sites to make sure, according to CNET. The geologists will release their results later this month. Only time will tell what exactly fell from the heavens on that unusual September evening.

Originally published on Live Science.

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Falling Fireballs Crashed in Chile Last Week. They Weren't Meteorites, Experts Say. - Space.com

Envisioning and Designing the Floating Future – Undark Magazine

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

On an August day that is brutally hot by San Franciscos foggy standards, Margaret Ikeda and Evan Jones, architecture faculty at the California College of the Arts (CCA), are on one of the campus back lots to present a vision of the future though at first glance, the object theyre showing off doesnt look like much. Its white, roughly heart-shaped, and about the size of a sedan.

As a prototype for what the underside of a floating building or possibly a whole floating community might look like, however, it represents years of imagination, research, design, and testing. It also represents the hopeful vision of Ikeda, Jones, and their CCA colleague Adam Marcus, who together developed the concept with an eye toward a future of flooding amid steadily rising seas particularly for the 10 percent of the worlds population that lives in low-lying coastal areas.

Officially, its called the Buoyant Ecologies Float Lab, and just a few weeks later, after a lengthy design and permitting process, the team moved the prototype to its new home in San Francisco Bays chilly waters. The goal is to have it remain there, a few hundred feet offshore of Middle Harbor Shoreline Park in Oakland, for three years, by which time the team hopes to have proven its viability as a potential substrate for the futuristic and some critics of floating city models say misguided effort to move at least some communities displaced by climate change out onto the water.

They also suggest that linking together floating structures like their prototype could help to make marine ecosystems healthier. It could also protect coastlines from further erosion in the near term, which will be crucial to places like the San Francisco Bay Area where large tracts of densely-populated land are expected to start sinking into the sea in the coming decades.

Whether or not theyre right, of course, remains to be seen, but Ikeda, Jones, and Marcus are eager to test their concept. We want to show how floating artificial structures can coexist with living ecosystems, says Marcus.

And although they acknowledge the path from their current prototype to the design and construction of habitable buildings on the water may be long, they also say that if humanity isnt going to stop burning fossil fuels and heating up the planet, the time to start preparing workable adaptations that benefit both people and the natural environment is now.

The Float Lab grew out of a series of design studios taught by Ikeda, Jones, and Marcus. In them, students explored a question that is at once straightforward and visionary: In anticipation of rising seas eating away at the land, would it be possible to design floating buildings that provide habitat for humans while protecting and perhaps even enhancing marine ecosystems?

Climate change, after all, is already affecting all of the worlds oceans, which absorb up to 95 percent of the excess heat that human industry is causing. The result: habitat loss for marine species, ocean acidification, widespread coral bleaching, and even changes in ocean currents. And as the team learned from early conversations with scientists, giant floating cities like anything that floats, from boats to docks to barges would be likely to attract barnacles and other invertebrates. Known as fouling communities, theyre often homogenous and seen as nuisances that can push out native species over time. Indeed, theres evidence to suggest that as oceans warm, invasive species will begin to dominate these fouling communities.

Design plans for the Float Lab, a prototype for a potential future of floating structures.

Visual: Adam Marcus

After studying the problem, however, the team hypothesized that if an underwater surface had more peaks and valleys, it might act like an upside-down coral reef, both expanding the habitat and encouraging a greater diversity of species to settle.

Between 2014 and 2018, students in CCAs Architectural Ecologies Lab worked with scientists from the Benthic Lab at the California State University Systems Moss Landing Marine Laboratories to design various prototypes, which were made at scale from fiberglass at Kreysler & Associates, a Bay Area composite fabrication company. Tests of these prototypes in Monterey Bay and San Francisco Bay showed that, indeed, a greater variety of species settled on the ones with more surface variation.

The design worked because the peaks and valleys [are] going to create water dynamics that will enhance fouling communities, said Brian Tissot, a professor and researcher at Humboldt State University who studies benthic ecology the animals, plants, and microbes that live at the bottom of a body of water and is not associated with the project. The greater variety of seaweeds, barnacles, and other filter feeders will, in turn, attract larger creatures, like crabs and fish, creating a vibrant ecosystem.

These early prototypes informed the design of the Float Lab, today a 14-foot long, 9-foot wide structure with top and bottom sides that look something like topographic maps: Each side has two mountains, one slightly shorter than the other, with a valley in between, and each of the mountains is made up of smaller peaks and valleys. On the underside, these variations in elevation create diverse spaces for invertebrates as well as fish apartments, where smaller fish can hide from predators. The top side, which will float just above the surface of the water, is equipped with a solar-powered pump that brings seawater up to the peaks and lets it filter down into the valleys, mirroring a tidepool habitat.

After testing the prototypes, the team behind the Float Lab felt confident that it could create diverse and healthy underwater ecosystems. But Marcus says the team also realized that with a few careful design tweaks, these structures could potentially counteract the effects of climate change in a more direct way.

For years now, as climate warnings have grown increasingly dire, governments worldwide have been scrambling to figure out how to address sea level rise. But a study published in Nature Communications earlier this year warned of another global warming hazard coastal communities will have to face: increasingly forceful waves. The study found that climate change has been making waves more powerful by 0.4 percent annually from 1948 to 2008.

Waves are the primary force behind coastal erosion, and as they get stronger, they will eat away at fragile shorelines more quickly, threatening not only human infrastructure, but also crucial nearshore habitats. Bluffs and shorelines can be protected with seawalls and rock barriers, but these defensive solutions do nothing to actually dampen wave energy.

For that, scientists are turning to nature for inspiration. Even before the results of this study were published, people were experimenting with solutions like rebuilding or creating artificial oyster reefs, which are known to help prevent erosion. One such example that has garnered significant attention is the Living Breakwaters project designed by the New York- and New Orleans-based landscape architecture firm SCAPE. It proposes coupling artificial breakwaters with oyster habitat restoration to protect Staten Islands battered coastline, and in 2014 was one of six winners of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Developments Rebuild by Design challenge.

Footage of the Float Lab prototype bobbing in San Francisco Bay.

The Float Lab, its advocates argue, has a unique advantage over that project and other artificial reefs: It is mobile. Thats key because this could offer a more agile and more flexible, more customizable and scalable alternative to the kind of huge defensive barriers that many cities are thinking about, or even many cities are building, right now, Marcus said.

As currently designed, there isnt much inherent to the Float Labs structure that would blunt a wave. But to help with that, the team plans to attach long tubes to the bottom of the structure, making it look like a windchime or perhaps a giant jellyfish. It adds a new dimension of utility so that when you place the columns or the tubes close to each other, like lets say six to eight to ten inches apart, the invertebrates attach on all sides, Marcus says, explaining, they just kind of create this giant sponge of animals. Scientists from Moss Landings Benthic Lab plan to dive below the Float Lab every month for the next three years to assess whether these columns actually soak up wave energy.

Tissot sees clear ecological benefits to the columns. He says, adding more structure thats vertical would definitely increase the likelihood that youre going to get a lot of fishes that will come in there. They love that kind of habitat. But hes unsure how far they will go towards absorbing wave power, saying my guess is thats pretty small to actually have much of an effect.

Marcus acknowledges that how well they will work is still unknown, explaining that in order for it to develop significant wave attenuation capacity you would need many of them kind of arrayed in a necklace or a network parallel to the shore. The full Float Lab team plans to plug the data they gather into computer simulations to project the impact a whole fleet of Float Labs might have. Renderings imagine them clustered together in threes, blooming over a body of water like a field of clover.

Despite the modest near-term ambitions behind it, the Float Lab prototype bobs along in the wake of a long and controversial history of schemes to create utopias out on the water. Many have centered around the concept of seasteading, the idea of establishing new floating societies that exist outside the jurisdiction of national and international law. In fact, the most notable and best-funded of these groups, the Seasteading Institute, is also based in the San Francisco Bay area. Founded in 2008 by libertarian activists Peter Thiel, the billionaire co-founder of PayPal, and Patri Friedman, a grandson of Nobel-prize winning economist Milton Friedman, the non-profits vision of freedom on the high seas is as much about building a new society based on the free-market ideals of fewer regulations and lower taxes as it is about grappling with the impacts of climate change.

We do distance our work from that, says Marcus. There is a big difference in agenda. One is about tax havens and cryptocurrencies. Ours is about multi-benefit solutions for both humans and animals.

Regardless of political motivations, all floating city proposals face the problem of scaling up quickly enough to represent a meaningful solution for the nearly 187 million people around the world now projected to be displaced by rising sea levels in the coming decades. For now, the Float Lab team is focused on demonstrating the viability of just a single link, but their system is designed to be modular, and imagining a future in which coastlines, harbors, marshes, and other sensitive areas are protected by chains of Float Labs is made more plausible by the way they are designed and manufactured.

Because it is made up of just two pieces plus some finishing touches, like cleats for its anchors it would be relatively easy to churn out Float Labs by the hundreds or thousands. And theyre designed to last. Fiberglass has been used in boatmaking since the 1940s and is one of the most durable materials in marine construction; it doesnt corrode or rot. The first fiberglass boat ever made is probably still floating around somewhere, says Bill Kreysler, the founder of Kreysler & Associates, the firm that helped fabricate all the prototypes and the Float Lab.

With the Float Lab launched and officially unveiled in late September, the team from CCA is already thinking about a more ambitious extension of this work. In late July, Jones and Ikeda visited the Maldives, where they and their students have been working with local partners since 2017 to imagine what a floating community could look like a much-needed adaptation in a country that sits just about 5 feet on average above the current sea level.

The work is all still theoretical, but the vision like that behind the Float Lab is expansive. Renderings show pods of interconnected floating structures, pulsing with life both on the inside and below the surface. Sun streams down through skylights, flooding the buildings and artificial light attracts plankton in the ocean below. Seaweed and algae cling to the underside, while fish seek shelter behind the stalactite-like underwater mountains. Shorebirds nest on the roof next to solar panels and a rainwater catchment system.

This vision for the Maldives, the team suggests, will evolve over the coming years as lessons pour out of the Float Lab. This is really studying how modular structures could link together to create communal systems, says Marcus.

Lindsey J. Smith is a science and environmental journalist based in San Francisco. Her work has appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle, The Verge, and Pacific Standard, among other outlets.

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Envisioning and Designing the Floating Future - Undark Magazine

‘Nothing tells a story like the patient’ – School of Medicine News – The South End

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

The Wayne State University School of Medicines new curriculum continues to build upon the schools promise for urban clinical excellence by bringing its matriculates inside the heart of its mission. Most recently, medical students met with several formerly homeless community members last month for a one-day series of panel discussions on The Care of the Homeless Patient.

The presentations on Sept. 26 followed a two-week unit of the schools Population, Patient, Physician and Professionalism course, or P4.

The P4 Care of the Homeless Patient represents a critical part of the unique education we receive as medical students at Wayne State University. We had an opportunity to learn from the first-hand experiences of homeless patients and physicians who work with the homeless population of Detroit and under-insured patients, said Class of 2022 student Arif Musa. I am greatly appreciative of the courage and willingness of the panelists to share their stories and answer our questions. Obtaining the views of providers and homeless patients allowed for students to gain a broad perspective.

The participants were individuals who the School of Medicine previously worked with through student organizations like Street Medicine Detroit and others.

This exposure in the first and second year of medical school is so important, and sets Wayne apart. Its a foundational professional skill, said Kelly Panoff, the P4 course coordinator.

The P4 course a Year 1 to Year 2 segment that emphasizes the evolving professional identity of a physician connected to patients and populations. The course exposes students to their roles as clinician, leader, interprofessional collaborator, scholar and systems analyst through large-group sessions, small-group sessions, online modules, self-directed reflective assignments and clinical opportunities in the community.

Its where a lot of discussion in medicine is going. It is critical to understand the social context of the patient before you can provide any hope of clinical care, said Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine Jarrett Weinberger, M.D., FACP.

Dr. Weinberger volunteered as one of four panel moderators at the presentation. He is director of the School of Medicines Internal Medicine residency program.

The panelists shared their personal stories of how they became homeless, from a heroin addiction to mental illness and suicide attempts, as well as their education and job history, what their childhood was like, their current living situation, their thoughts on the health care system, how they have been treated by health care providers, how they wish to be treated, and more.

Nothing tells a story like the patient. Nobody expresses the human psyche like the patient, he said. The students were really insightful about questions. They wanted to know about the underlying issues of homelessness.

Rafael Ramos was one of the nearly 300 students who attended.

Having the opportunity to hear the stories of the men and women who took it upon themselves to share their experiences with homelessness was a necessary and thought-provoking exercise to remind us that there are layers of social difficulty that a lot of us in medicine have not gone through, Ramos said. Living in an urban area like Detroit, this is a population we interact with colloquially in our everyday lives, and it was important to understand where our own prejudices and assumptions lie about people who fall under this umbrella. It is important to know this part of ourselves and carry these lessons as we continue our training as physicians.

The faculty physicians who participated shared the difficulties students may face within medicine to provide adequate care for those with unstable living conditions.

It is important to solidify that any free clinic work or volunteering that we may do in the wider community is part of a wider network of care. It was empowering to hear that some of the work we can do as students has a tangible effect in the lives of the people we work with and it's an enormous incentive to take our involvement in these activities seriously, Ramos said.

Like Ramos, Musa has seen what a student can do when given the opportunity.

Homeless patients often experience discrimination, prejudice, and sub-optimal care. The panelists were instrumental in teaching me about the unique circumstances faced by homeless patients that make it difficult or nearly impossible to adhere to the directions of providers. Not only is there a stigma surrounding homelessness, but health care providers may feel that homeless patients are only seeking shelter and a hot meal rather than having a genuine medical concern. Knowing this, I hope to treat homeless patients in the same way I would treat any other patients with respect, compassion and a genuine desire to improve their circumstances regardless of their background, Musa said.

Improving care for the homeless patient has been a mission of Musas since attending graduate school in the University of Southern California Keck School of Medicines Global Medicine Program, where he developed a business operations improvement project to streamline care to the homeless population at the John Welsey Community Health Center in Los Angeles.

After I came to Wayne State University, I learned how to communicate with patients to assess their living situation and access to basic needs with confidence, tact and evidence-based communication strategies, Musa said. My experiences at Keck School of Medicine and Wayne State University School of Medicine have allowed me to continue to develop the skills necessary to care for the homeless and under-insured patients that I will surely see in my training to become a physician, he said.

The P4 course for the Class of 2022 began in the summer of 2018 with a poverty simulation exercise. Since then, the students have attended presentations related to food insecurities, veterans health care, patients with development disabilities and more.

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'Nothing tells a story like the patient' - School of Medicine News - The South End

SHINE Creates Therapeutics Division, Will Attend 2019 European Association of Nuclear Medicine Conference – Business Wire

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

JANESVILLE, Wis.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--SHINE Medical Technologies, LLC today announced the creation of a new division of the company SHINE Therapeutics. The establishment of the division enhances the companys ability to focus on filling critical future needs in the rapidly growing therapeutic isotope market, while continuing to leverage its radioisotope production expertise.

The companys Therapeutics division will initially focus on the development and commercialization of lutetium177, or Lu177, a therapeutic isotope that is combined with a disease-specific targeting molecule to treat cancer. Targeting molecules deliver Lu177 atoms to cancer sites throughout the body, where they directly irradiate cancer cells.

The first Lu177-based targeted radiotherapy (for neuroendocrine tumors) reached the market in 2018. Many high-potential targeted molecules for the treatment of a range of other cancers with Lu-177 are currently under investigation. SHINE is also evaluating additional medical isotopes with therapeutic properties for future development.

Katrina Pitas, a 10-year veteran of SHINE who served most recently as the companys vice president of business development, has been appointed vice president and general manager of SHINE Therapeutics.

Targeted radiotherapy has the potential to fundamentally change the way cancer patients are treated, Ms. Pitas said. But a robust, reliable supply of therapeutic isotopes will be crucial as both the discipline and associated market continue to grow. Our Lu177 development program is well underway, and we look forward to bringing high-purity Lu177 to market.

In May, the company entered an agreement with the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IOCB Prague) that provides SHINE with a global, exclusive license to a novel separation technology that it will use to separate lutetium from enriched ytterbium targets. The technology will enable SHINE to produce non-carrier-added, high-specific-activity Lu177.

We are excited to bring our core competencies and technology to serve the rapidly emerging therapeutic market, said Greg Piefer, SHINEs founder and CEO. This market is particularly exciting, as it offers very promising therapies for patients who before now had difficult or impossible to treat late stage cancers. The focus of our new division is to ensure cancer patients have a reliable supply chain of isotopes as new drugs are approved.

SHINE is continuing its efforts to bring molybdenum-99, or Mo99, to a global market experiencing shortages that directly affect patient care. Construction of the companys first-of-its-kind isotope production facility in Janesville, Wis., where it will produce Mo99 using the companys patented technology, is underway and progressing well.

European Association of Nuclear Medicine Annual Congress

SHINE will be exhibiting at the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) Annual Congress in Barcelona, Spain. The exhibit hall will be open Oct. 13-15. You can find SHINE at booth no. 23 near the center entrance to the exhibit hall.

About SHINE Medical Technologies LLC

Founded in 2010, SHINE is a development-stage company working to become a manufacturer of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine. The SHINE system uses a patented, proprietary manufacturing process that offers major advantages over existing and proposed production technologies. It does not require a nuclear reactor, uses less electricity, generates less waste and is compatible with the nations existing supply chain for Mo-99. In 2014, SHINE announced the execution of Mo-99 supply agreements with GE Healthcare and Lantheus Medical Imaging. In 2015, with the help of Argonne National Laboratory, GE Healthcare demonstrated that SHINE Mo-99 can act as a drop-in replacement for reactor-based Mo-99. In 2016, SHINE received regulatory approval from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to construct its production facility. The company began construction of the facility in the spring of 2019. Learn more at https://shinemed.com.

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SHINE Creates Therapeutics Division, Will Attend 2019 European Association of Nuclear Medicine Conference - Business Wire

The 2019 Nobel Prize In Medicine: Here Is What Won The Award – Forbes

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

Nobel Assembly member, Randall Johnson (R), speaks to announce the winners of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (L-R) Gregg Semenza of the US, Peter Ratcliffe of Britain and William Kaelin of the US, seen on a screen during a press

Dr. William G. Kaelin, Jr., Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe, and Dr. Gregg L. Semenza now have an extra line to add to their resumes or LinkedIn profiles. The Nobel Assembly announced on Monday that these three physician-scientists have been awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for helping find ways that your body can sense and adapt to different levels of oxygen:

Winning this Prize will bring each of them a third of a 9 million Swedish kronor or $907,000 cash prize and an amazing retort to anyone else who may brag too much at a cocktail party. Of course, the Nobel Prize isnt their first accomplishment but instead serves as a tribute to three careers that have brought discoveries that may lead to new treatments for anemia and cancer.

Kaelin is currently a Professor at Harvard Medical School and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. Born in 1957, he eventually got his M.D. from Duke University, Durham, and trained in internal medicine and oncology at Johns Hopkins University and the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute.

Ratcliffe wasnt a Sir yet when he was born in 1954. After studying medicine at Cambridge University and completing nephrology training at Oxford, he subsequently became the Nuffield Professor of Clinical Medicine at Oxford and the Director of Clinical Research at the Francis Crick Institute in London, Director for Target Discovery Institute at Oxford, a Member of the Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, and knighted.

Semenza is a Professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University and Director of the Vascular Research Program at the Johns Hopkins Institute for Cell Engineering. He was born in 1956, obtained both an MD and a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania and completed residency training in pediatrics at Duke University and a post-doc at Johns Hopkins University.

To understand the importance of their discoveries, its important to understand the how your body needs complex ways to regulate oxygen levels. As you first learn when you try to put a sock over your head (dont try this, by the way), oxygen is pretty fundamental to everything that you do. Without it, the trillions and trillions of cells in your body couldnt survive and function. Each cell uses oxygen to help break down nutrients into energy. Thus, no oxygen, no energy. No energy, no cells, and no you. And no Instagramming and texting.

The trouble is oxygen, like macaroni and cheese and anything else good in life, isnt always present at the levels that you and all your cells would like. Oxygen levels can fluctuate in the air that you breathe and in different parts of your body. The ability of each of your cells to get oxygen can depend heavily on location, location, location, as the old real estate saying goes.

Think of your body as a large and complex metropolitan area with many different neighborhoods. Red blood cells are like little Ubers picking up oxygen at your lungs and then carrying the molecules of oxygen along your blood vessels, which serve as roads to different parts of your body. Just as the roads are different in different parts of the Boston area, the density and networks of blood vessels vary throughout your body. Thus, not every part of your body will always get the same amount of blood and oxygen. These differences can be exacerbated when your blood circulation in general decreases, such as when you are lying on the coach after eating way too much macaroni and cheese, or blood flow in a particular part of your body gets interrupted, such as when you are bleeding or have a blood clot.

Therefore, like a well-run city, your body needs ways of sensing whats going on in each of the neighborhoods and adjusting oxygen levels accordingly. One way of adjusting your bodys oxygen supply in general is by changing your breathing rate. The carotid arteries are the major blood vessels in your neck and the ones that often spurt blood in slasher horror movies. These arteries include structures called carotid bodies that can check the oxygen levels in the passing blood. If oxygen levels are too low, the carotid bodies sends signals through nerves to increase your breathing rate. If the oxygen levels are too high, the carotid bodies will signal to slow your breathing. While this may help the overall amount of oxygen getting into your lungs and blood circulation, it alone cant monitor and adjust the oxygen thats getting to more local levels throughout your body.

Another thing that regulates oxygen levels is EPO, which is pronounced like Emo but with a p instead of an m. EPO is short for erythropoietin, a hormone that can stimulate your body to produce more red blood cells and thus have more Ubers to deliver oxygen. When EPO levels rise, erythropoiesis, a fancy name for red blood cell production, increases. However, before the work of Semenza, Ratcliffe, and Kaelin and their respective teams, it wasnt clear exactly how oxygen levels were able to affect EPO levels.

Here is Dr. Gregg L. Semenza M.D., Ph.D at a press conference at Johns Hopkins Hospital after learning that he had won the Nobel Prize for Medicine. (Photo by John Strohsacker/Getty Images)

In the 1990s, both Semenzas and Ratcliffes teams found that all types of body tissues have the ability to sense oxygen levels, not just the kidney cells that produce EPO. Semenzas team found DNA sequences near the genes that code for EPO and continued to search for ways that the EPO gene is regulated. A HIF, HIF hooray moment came when they found a protein complex, which they named HIF for hypoxia-inducible factor. Hypoxia is a medical term for low oxygen. Thus, when George Costanza said on an episode of Seinfeld, oxygen, I need oxygen, he could have said, I have hypoxia, instead. Thus, hypoxia-induced means something that will be stimulated by low oxygen levels. The team eventually realized that this protein complex actually consists of two different proteins that can bind DNA, which they named HIF-1 and ARNT.

Experiments showed that when oxygen levels are high, cells have very low levels of HIF-1 because the HIF-1 thats produced gets rapidly degraded. However, when oxygen levels dip low, HIF-1, in the words of the Supremes, keeps on hanging on and doesnt degrade as quickly. Therefore, there is more HIF-1 around to stimulate the EPO genes to produce more EPO.

The difference seemed to be ubiquitin. Ubiqutin can bind to HIF-1 and mark it to go bye bye, which is what host of the game show The Weakest Link says to contestants before they must exit. In this way, ubiquitin serves as a label to say, please get rid of this.

But it still wasnt yet clear how lower oxygen levels could keep ubiquitin from binding to HIF-1. This is when Kaelins team entered the mix. They had been studying something seemingly unrelated, von Hippel-Lindaus disease, which is often abbreviated VHL disease. This is a condition that is inherited and includes mutations in the VHL gene. They observed that normally the VHL gene codes for proteins that seem to prevent certain cancers from developing. In VHL disease, mutations prevent this gene from working properly, allowing a number of different cancers to emerge.

William G Kaelin Jr., MD, speaks at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute on October 7, 2019 in Boston, Massachusetts. (Photo by Scott Eisen/Getty Images)

Here is an example of how starting on one path doesnt necessarily lead you to where you thought you would go and how the most interesting things in life can be unexpected. Kaelins team eventually realized that such cells with mutations in the VHL gene also expressed abnormally high levels of hypoxia-regulated genes, which made them wonder whether VHL played a role in regulating the response to low oxygen levels. This wasnt totally surprising since cancer cells also need oxygen to survive, and such cells cant always get the same access to blood and oxygen when they sit deep in the middle of tumors.

Indeed, additional work showed that the VHL genes produce proteins that then help connect ubiquitin to HIF-1 and thus label HIF-1 for destruction. In essence, VHL is like a warehouse inventory manager using ubiquitin as a label for get rid of this. But the scientists were still left with the question, how do oxygen levels influence whether VHL labels HIF-1 with ubiquitin?

The mystery step turned out to be prolyl hydroxylation. What-yl what-xylation? This is a process by which enzymes (calledprolyl hydroxylases) add hydroxyl groups to two parts of the HIF-1 protein. A hydroxyl group is a combination of an oxygen atom (designated by O) and hydrogen atom (designated by H) and symbolized by -OH. This process is necessary for the HIF-1 protein to be labeled and destroyed. Think of it as OH, lets get rid of this. When oxygen levels are lower, many HIF-1 proteins may not get this OH thus preventing the VHL-ubiquitin labeling process from occurring. The work of Kaelin, Semenz, and their teams thus found the final piece of the puzzle and said OH, thats how it works.

You can see how prolyl hydroxylases could play major roles in the treatment of anemia (which occurs when your red blood cell counts are low) and various cancers with their ability to ultimately regulate red blood cell production and oxygen delivery. Again, cancer cells need oxygen to survive. Starve them of oxygen and you may have a way of killing them.

It didnt seem like this trio of investigators started their independent scientific careers with the intent of all of this happening. While science needs some direction, you cant just go into a lab and start mixing things together, the best science often emerges from exploration and being curious and open to different possibilities. Semenza, Ratcliffe, and Kaelin clearly had the minds and abilities to do such science but they also had the time and resources to do so. Like body tissues do for varying oxygen levels, science and scientists need to have the ability and opportunity to adapt to what they may find. This may not occur as often these days when research funding is more limited and people and institutions are pushing for immediate returns on work. For the eventual benefit of humankind, scientists need to be able to say, OH, lets try this, and then find OH, what do we have here?

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The 2019 Nobel Prize In Medicine: Here Is What Won The Award - Forbes

Lilly’s REYVOW (lasmiditan), The First and Only Medicine in a New Class of Acute Treatment for Migraine, Receives FDA Approval – PRNewswire

Posted on October 11, 2019 by Danzig

INDIANAPOLIS, Oct. 11, 2019 /PRNewswire/ -- Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved REYVOW (lasmiditan) an oral medication for the acute treatment of migraine, with or without aura, in adults. REYVOW has a unique mechanism of action and is the first and only FDA-approved medicine in a new class of acute treatment for migraine (serotonin (5-HT)1F receptor agonists).

"Millions of people with migraine face an ongoing battle with the unresolved pain and symptoms of a migraine attack. There is a substantial unmet need for new acute treatments for migraine, like REYVOW, which is why we are proud of today's approval and Lilly's continuing contribution to the migraine community," said Gudarz Davar, M.D., vice president, neurology development, Lilly Bio-Medicines. "New expectations have been set in migraine care; pain freedom is now the treatment goal for people living with migraine and those who treat them. At Lilly, we are pioneering innovative medicines to provide new options for patients with migraine."

As with other medicines with central nervous system (CNS) activity, the FDA required abuse potential studies for REYVOW. Abuse potential refers to the likelihood that abuse will occur with a particular drug product or substance with CNS activity. Consistent with the FDA's guidance, Lilly conducted a human abuse potential assessment; as part of that assessment, therapeutic doses of REYVOW were associated with less drug liking when compared to alprazolam, but more than placebo. The recommended controlled substance classification for REYVOW is currently under review by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and is expected within 90 days of today's FDA approval, after which REYVOW will be available to patients in retail pharmacies.

"As a physician who specializes in the treatment of migraine and headache disorders, I commonly treat patients who are looking for acute treatment options that offer the chance for pain freedom during migraine attacks. This approval is especially significant because migraine pain is so often severe and incapacitating," said Jan Brandes, M.D., MS, FAAN, assistant clinical professor, Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University. "With new science comes new hope. Considering up to 40% of people with migraine do not get adequate responses from their initial acute treatment prescription, having a new and novel option like REYVOW is an important development for physicians and the patients we treat.1,2,3,4"

The New Drug Application (NDA) for REYVOW included data from two Phase 3 single-attack studies (SAMURAI and SPARTAN), which evaluated the safety and efficacy of REYVOW for the acute treatment of migraine in adults. Both studies met the efficacy endpoints of pain freedom and freedom from most bothersome symptom (MBS; patient selected from nausea, sensitivity to light, or sensitivity to sound) at two hours following administration of REYVOW in comparison to placebo. Treatment emergent adverse events were generally mild to moderate and the most frequent included dizziness, fatigue, paresthesia (tingling or numbing sensation on the skin), sedation (sleepiness or drowsiness), nausea and/or vomiting and muscle weakness. See additional Important Safety Information below.

The REYVOW Phase 3 development program, including the open-label GLADIATOR study, involved more than 4,000 patients and the treatment of more than 20,000 migraine attacks.

"For over 25 years, Lilly has been committed to helping people affected by disabling headache disorders, investigating more than a dozen different compounds," said Patrik Jonsson, senior vice president and president, Lilly Bio-Medicines. "The approval of REYVOW is an exciting development for patients and physicians seeking the potential for pain freedom when a migraine attack happens."

About REYVOW (lasmiditan)

REYVOW is a new oral treatment that binds to 5-HT1F receptors with high affinity and is approved by the FDA for the acute treatment of migraine, with or without aura, in adults. Its therapeutic effects are presumably mediated by agonist effects at this receptor; however, the precise mechanism is unknown. REYVOW is not indicated for preventive treatment of migraine. Once available, REYVOW can be prescribed to patients in oral doses of 50 mg, 100 mg, and 200 mg as needed.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR REYVOW

Warnings and Precautions

Driving Impairment

REYVOW may cause significant driving impairment. In a driving study, administration of single 50 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg doses of REYVOW significantly impaired subjects' ability to drive. Additionally, more sleepiness was reported at 8 hours compared to placebo. Advise patients not to engage in potentially hazardous activities requiring complete mental alertness, such as driving a motor vehicle or operating machinery, for at least 8 hours after each dose of REYVOW. Patients who cannot follow this advice should not take REYVOW. Prescribers and patients should be aware that patients may not be able to assess their own driving competence and the degree of impairment caused by REYVOW.

Central Nervous System Depression

REYVOW may cause central nervous system (CNS) depression, including dizziness and sedation. Because of the potential for REYVOW to cause sedation, other cognitive and/or neuropsychiatric adverse reactions, and driving impairment, REYVOW should be used with caution if used in combination with alcohol or other CNS depressants. Patients should be warned against driving and other activities requiring complete mental alertness for at least 8 hours after REYVOW is taken.

Serotonin Syndrome

In clinical trials, reactions consistent with serotonin syndrome were reported in patients treated with REYVOW who were not taking any other drugs associated with serotonin syndrome. Serotonin syndrome may also occur with REYVOW during coadministration with serotonergic drugs [e.g., selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors]. Serotonin syndrome symptoms may include mental status changes (e.g., agitation, hallucinations, coma), autonomic instability (e.g., tachycardia, labile blood pressure, hyperthermia), neuromuscular signs (e.g., hyperreflexia, incoordination), and/or gastrointestinal signs and symptoms (e.g., nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). The onset of symptoms usually occurs within minutes to hours of receiving a new or a greater dose of a serotonergic medication. Discontinue REYVOW if serotonin syndrome is suspected.

Medication Overuse Headache

Overuse of acute migraine drugs (e.g., ergotamines, triptans, opioids, or a combination of drugs for 10 or more days per month) may lead to exacerbation of headache (i.e., medication overuse headache). Medication overuse headache may present as migraine-like daily headaches or as a marked increase in frequency of migraine attacks. Detoxification of patients including withdrawal of the overused drugs and treatment of withdrawal symptoms (which often includes a transient worsening of headache) may be necessary.

Adverse Reactions

The most common adverse reactions associated with REYVOW (> 2% and greater than placebo in clinical studies) were dizziness, fatigue, paresthesia, sedation, nausea and/or vomiting, and muscle weakness.

Drug Abuse and Dependence

REYVOW contains lasmiditan (Controlled substance schedule to be determined after review by the Drug Enforcement Administration.)

Abuse

In a human abuse potential study in recreational poly-drug users (n=58), single oral therapeutic doses (100 mg and 200 mg) and a supratherapeutic dose (400 mg) of REYVOW were compared to alprazolam (2 mg) (C-IV) and placebo. With all doses of REYVOW, subjects reported statistically significantly higher "drug liking" scores than placebo, indicating that REYVOW has abuse potential. Subjects who received REYVOW reported statistically significantly lower "drug liking" scores than alprazolam. Euphoric mood occurred to a similar extent with REYVOW 200 mg, REYVOW 400 mg, and alprazolam 2 mg (43-49%). A feeling of relaxation was noted in more subjects on alprazolam (22.6%) than with any dose of REYVOW (7-11%). Phase 2 and 3 studies indicate that, at therapeutic doses, REYVOW produced adverse events of euphoria and hallucinations to a greater extent than placebo. However, these events occur at a low frequency (about 1% of patients). Evaluate patients for risk of drug abuse and observe them for signs of lasmiditan misuse or abuse.

Dependence

Physical withdrawal was not observed in healthy subjects following abrupt cessation after 7 daily doses of lasmiditan 200 mg or 400 mg.

Full Prescribing Information and Medication Guide.

LM HCP ISI 11OCT2019

About Migraine

Migraine is a neurologic disease characterized by recurrent episodes of severe headache accompanied by other symptoms including nausea, sensitivity to light and sensitivity to sound.5,6 More than 30 million American adults have migraine, with three times more women affected by migraine compared to men.7 According to the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey, total annual healthcare costs associated with migraine are estimated to be as high as $56 billion annually in the United States, yet it remains under-recognized and under-treated.8

About Lilly's Commitment to Headache DisordersFor over 25 years, Lilly has been committed to helping people affected by headache disorders, investigating more than a dozen different compounds for the treatment of migraine and cluster headache. These research programs have accelerated our understanding of these diseases and furthered the advancement of treatments for headache disorders including REYVOW, approved by the FDA for the acute treatment of migraine, with or without aura, in adults. Our goal is to apply our combined clinical, academic and professional experience to build a research portfolio that delivers comprehensive solutions and addresses the needs of people affected by these disabling neurologic diseases.

About Eli Lilly and CompanyLilly is a global health care leader that unites caring with discovery to create medicines that make life better for people around the world. We were founded more than a century ago by a man committed to creating high-quality medicines that meet real needs, and today we remain true to that mission in all our work. Across the globe, Lilly employees work to discover and bring life-changing medicines to those who need them, improve the understanding and management of disease, and give back to communities through philanthropy and volunteerism. To learn more about Lilly, please visit us at lilly.com and lilly.com/newsroom. P-LLY

This press release contains forward-looking statements (as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) about REYVOW (lasmiditan) as an acute treatment for patients with migraine and reflects Lilly's current belief. However, as with any pharmaceutical product, there are substantial risks and uncertainties in the process of development and commercialization. These forward-looking statements are based on the company's current plans, objectives, estimates, expectations and intentions and inherently involve significant risks and uncertainties. Commercialization and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of these risks and uncertainties, which include, without limitation, risks and uncertainties associated with: the company's ability to effectively commercialize REYVOW in the U.S.; delays or problems in the supply or manufacture of REYVOW; obtaining and maintaining appropriate pricing and reimbursement for REYVOW; complying with applicable U.S. regulatory requirements; any delays in, or the outcome of, scheduling by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) for REYVOW; and other risks and uncertainties affecting the company. For further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties, see Lilly's most recent Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Except as required by law, Lilly undertakes no duty to update forward-looking statements to reflect events after the date of this release.

________________________

SOURCE Eli Lilly and Company

https://www.lilly.com

Lilly's REYVOW (lasmiditan), The First and Only Medicine in a New Class of Acute Treatment for Migraine, Receives FDA Approval - PRNewswire

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