Seattle-based genome scientist gets to play with DNA – Seattle Times

Meet Lea Starita, a Seattle-based genome scientist who is working to understand how our individual genes impact our health. Here, she answers some questions about her work.

What do you do? I am a research assistant professor of genome sciences at the University of Washington School of Medicine, and I co-direct the advanced technology lab at the Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine (or the BAT-lab).

One of the main goals for precision medicine is to be able to practice genome-guided medicine. However, as a field, we are really good at reading DNA sequences of people, but we are really bad at understanding the health risks or benefits associated with any given DNA change. At the BAT-lab, we are developing production-scale molecular-profiling technologies that we hope will accelerate our understanding of the impact of genetic variation on human development and human health, and in treating disease.

The BAT-lab team also helped to build the worlds premier respiratory pathogen surveillance platform as part of the Seattle Flu Study.

How did you get started in this specialty?Ive been on this trajectory since I took an awesome molecular biology lab class in college. They handed us the New England Biolabs catalog to use instead of a textbook. To this day, that catalog contains nearly any enzyme you could need for cutting and pasting pieces of DNA together. I fell in love with the puzzle posed by molecular biology.

Whats a typical day like?I am lucky enough to get to spend the day with my colleagues, collaborators, staff and trainees, who are all brilliant and creative scientists. My favorite times are when someone is at the white board drawing up a new idea or an improvement on an old idea. On the best days, I actually get in the lab to do some molecular biology myself. I love to play with DNA.

Whats the best part of the job?Dreaming up new technologies to answer tough biological questions with students, staff and collaborators. We try to answer questions like these: What is unique about each of the cell types in a human or animal? How do we understand the effect of a small change in a human or viral genome on health and disease? Although, I even find small process improvements exciting.

What surprises people about what you do? They are surprised when we talk about how important creativity and communication are in being successful as a scientist. I think people think we are these nerdy automatons, and that is totally not true. Well, the automaton part isnt true, anyway.

Do you have a cool job or know someone in the Seattle area who does? Email Michelle Archer with your recommendations for people to feature in Cool Job.

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Seattle-based genome scientist gets to play with DNA - Seattle Times

Predictive Technology Group and Atrin Pharmaceuticals Announce Molecular Diagnostic Oncology Development Collaboration – Yahoo Finance

SALT LAKE CITY, Jan. 28, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Predictive Technology Group (OTC PINK: PRED) and Atrin Pharmaceuticals LLC are entering into a collaboration agreement to develop molecular diagnostic tools to facilitate improved selection of cancer patients who would most benefit from treatment with DNA Damage and Response (DDR) inhibitors, including Atrins and other small molecule ATR inhibitors. Atrin and Predictive will jointly utilize Predictive Laboratories state-of-the-art sequencing capabilities and genomics expertise to identify cancer patients with specific molecular markers that predict the level of clinical response to Atrins, and other, targeted therapies. This is intended to improve patient outcomes as well as improve Atrins ability to successfully progress its product pipeline, and upon commercialization, improve on the treatments for women with cancer.

We are very pleased to work with Atrin Pharmaceuticals, a recognized leader in the development of anti-cancer therapeutics targeting DDR, said Bradley Robinson, president and chief executive officer of Predictive Technology Group. We see an opportunity to develop a precision medicine approach to address unmet medical needs by combining our state-of-the-art sequencing capabilities, genomics expertise and companion diagnostics with Atrins targeted therapeutics. This collaboration is consistent with our vision of building a leading womens health platform, and we look forward to working together on this important initiative.

Oren Gilad, Ph.D., president and chief executive officer of Atrin Pharmaceuticals, noted: Following a successful due diligence process, we concluded that Predictive, with its proprietary list of already identified genes and state-of-the-art sequencing capabilities, is the ideal molecular diagnostic partner to help us successfully advance our therapeutic pipeline through clinical development. We believe that this collaboration may become a game changer in oncology, as treatment continues to progress towards individualized precision medicine. As we advance multiple Investigational New Drug (IND) applications and progress our lead product candidate ATRN-119 into a first-in-human clinical study this year, Predictives portfolio of genomic tests will help us better identify cancer patient populations whose genetic profiles will likely have an optimal clinical response to our proprietary anti-cancer therapeutics.

The collaboration will help optimize the safety and clinical efficacy of Atrins targeted cancer therapeutics and other DDR drug candidates. Atrin will have access to Predictives proprietary GenDB databases and womens health biobank to better understand the clinical spectrum of germline mutations in DDR pathways. The companies will also study common gynecologic disorders, such as endometriosis, associated with the development of cancers in affected patients. The goal of this collaboration is to develop actionable predictive molecular and companion diagnostics and therapeutics for these common disorders and related cancers.

CLSACapital Markets Limited, a CITIC Securities Company, under its mandate with Predictive Technology Group, will continue to introduce potential strategic partners and provide relevant regulatory guidance to Predictive Technology Group.

About DNA Damage and Response (DDR)

Cells are continuously exposed to endogenous and exogenous stress that can lead to DNA damage. To counter this lethal threat, cells have several mechanisms to detect DNA damage, activate the appropriate repair pathway or, if irreparable, induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. These DDR processes are vital for cell survival. Many human diseases, including cancer, and cancer-predisposition syndromes, have been linked to mutations in DDR genes.

About Atrin Pharmaceuticals

Atrin Pharmaceuticals is a private biotech company focused on discovering and developing proprietary therapeutics targeting inhibition of DNA Damage and Response (DDR) proteins for first-line treatment of cancers. Atrins technologies and DDR product pipeline represent a new drug development approach for treating solid and other cancers that currently have limited or ineffective therapies by targeting inhibition of specific proteins that are active in cancer cells and relatively inactive in healthy tissue. For more information, visit http://www.atrinpharma.com.

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About Predictive Technology Group, Inc.

Predictive Technology Group aims to revolutionize and personalize precision patient care. The Company and its affiliates harness gene-based analytics to develop genetic and molecular diagnostic tests, as well as companion therapeutics, in order to support a patient from diagnosis through treatment. Predictives tests and products enable clinicians to provide their patients with the highest level of care. Predictives subsidiaries include Predictive Laboratories, Predictive Biotech and Predictive Therapeutics. For more information, visit http://www.predtechgroup.com.

About CLSA

CLSA is Asias leading capital markets and investment group, providing global investors with insights, liquidity and capital to drive their investment strategies. Award-winning research, an extensive Asia footprint, direct links to China and highly experienced finance professionals differentiate our innovative products and services in asset management, corporate finance, capital and debt markets, securities and wealth management. As the international platform of CITIC Securities (SSE: 600030, SEHK: 6030), Chinas largest investment bank, CLSA is uniquely positioned to facilitate cross-border capital flows and connect China with the world and the world to China. Founded in 1986 and headquartered in Hong Kong, CLSAs global network spans 20 locations across Asia, Australia, Europe and the United States. For more information, visit http://www.clsa.com.

Forward-Looking Statements:

To the extent any statements made in this release contain information that is not historical, these statements are essentially forward-looking and are subject to risks and uncertainties, including the difficulty of predicting FDA approvals, acceptance and demand for human cell and tissue products and other pharmaceutical products, the impact of competitive products and pricing, new product development and launch, reliance on key strategic alliances, availability of raw materials, availability of additional intellectual property rights, availability of future financing sources, the regulatory environment, and other risks the Company may identify from time to time in the future.

Contacts:

For more information, visit http://www.predtechgroup.com or contact:

Media ContactPatrick BurseyLifeSci Communicationspbursey@lifescicomms.com 646-876-4932

Investor ContactJeremy FefferLifeSci Advisorsjeremy@lifesciadvisors.com 212-915-2568

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Predictive Technology Group and Atrin Pharmaceuticals Announce Molecular Diagnostic Oncology Development Collaboration - Yahoo Finance

Curetis Group Company Ares Genetics and BGI Group Collaborate to Offer Next-Generation Sequencing and PCR-based Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Testing in…

Vienna, Austria, Holzgerlingen, Germany, and Shenzhen, China, January 30, 2020, 08:00 am CET - Ares Genetics GmbH, a Curetis Group company, and the Chinese genomics company BGI Group today announced that the companies will collaborate in making molecular testing for the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV available in Europe.

2019-nCoV is a new coronavirus variant that has not been previously identified in humans but is responsible for the outbreak originating in the Chinese city of Wuhan and currently rapidly spreading globally with first cases identified and confirmed in Europe already. In response to this situation, and immediately after the occurrence of unexplained pneumonia in Wuhan, BGI sequenced the genome of the new 2019-nCoV virus and successfullydeveloped a Real-Time (RT) Fluorescent PCR (polymerase chain reaction) kit for detecting 2019-nCoV, which can provide results in a few hours and has already obtained approval by the Chinese National Medical Products Administration.

In addition to the rapid detection kit based on RT-PCR technology, the DNBSEQ-T7 sequencing platform developed by the BGI Group company MGI passed the emergency approval procedure of the National Medical Products Administration, becoming the first officially approved testing products in China for surveillance, discovery and identification of unknown infectious diseases.

In Europe, BGI and MGI will work with their long-term strategic partner Ares Genetics to make its 2019-nCoV testing portfolio available to public health institutions and hospitals for outbreak monitoring, infection control, and epidemiology. Ares Genetics expects to provide next-generation sequencing services for 2019-nCoV out of its NGS laboratory in Vienna Austria for infection control and tracking of pathogen evolution from February 2020 onwards based on MGIs DNBSEQ sequencing platform. Further, Ares Genetics and the Curetis Group will support BGI Group in the distribution of its PCR and NGS reagent kits to molecular testing laboratories in Europe that have the capability for 2019-nCoV testing with reagent kits initially being marketed for research use only prior to regulatory approval in Europe.

Ares Genetics is a digital diagnostics company utilizing artificial intelligence-powered molecular diagnostics to advance the field of infectious disease testing. Ares Genetics recently launched ARESupa Universal Pathogenome Assay for the broad identification of bacterial pathogens and the accurate prediction of antibiotic susceptibility. The ARESupa test is based on the sequencing of bacterial DNA, combined with data analysis and interpretation powered by ARESdb, Ares Genetics unique, proprietary reference database on genetic antimicrobial resistance markers. The first generation of ARESupa is currently offered for non-diagnostic applications in epidemiology, infection control, and outbreak analysis for customers in the public health sector and the pharmaceutical industry. A laboratory-developed test (LDT) for human diagnostic use is under development.

The ability to rapidly test for 2019-nCoV with PCR as well as track its evolution by next-generation sequencing is key to contain this global outbreak. While Ares Genetics specializes in molecular detection of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility prediction, we are responding to the global coronavirus health threat via our specialized molecular service laboratory and making 2019-nCoV testing broadly available in Europe under our strategic partnership with BGI. commented Dr. Andreas Posch, Managing Director and CEO of Ares Genetics, Longer-term, we anticipate that adding viruses to the scope for ARESupa will also significantly augment its utility as an aid in the differential diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections.

###

About ARESupa Universal Pathogenome Assay

Information on antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens is of utmost importance for clinical practice, epidemiology and public health purposes as well as for the development of pharmaceutical products in the infectious disease sector. Ares Genetics therefore has developed a molecular Antibiotic Susceptibility Test (AST) that is marketed under the brand name ARESupa Universal Pathogenome Assay and is capable of accurately identifying microbial pathogens as well as predicting antibiotic susceptibility via artificial intelligence-powered interpretation of high-throughput DNA sequencing data obtained by next-generation sequencing technologies.

ARESupa is based on whole-genome sequencing of bacterial strains isolated from clinical specimens, combined with data analysis and interpretation powered by ARESdb, Ares Genetics unique, proprietary reference database on genetic antimicrobial resistance markers. ARESdb covers genomes of about 40,000 bacterial strains and associated susceptibility data for more than 100 different antibiotics.

ARESupa already today accurately detects antibiotic susceptibility broadly across drug/pathogen combinations with prediction algorithms for further drug/pathogen combinations in development.

The test is initially offered for non-diagnostic applications in epidemiology, infection control, and outbreak analysis for customers in the public health sector and the pharmaceutical industry. A laboratory-developed test (LDT) on native patient samples for human diagnostic use in indications in which current culture-based diagnostic practice is inherently challenging is planned. Furthermore, Ares Genetics has recently entered into a multi-phase strategic partnership with an undisclosed leading global in vitro diagnostics corporation to jointly develop diagnostic solutions for infectious disease testing based on the ARESupa.

For further information and quotes, please register on the Ares Genetics cloud platform:

https://ares-genetics.cloud/

or contact

Ares Genetics GmbHKarl-Farkas-Gasse 18A-1030 WienAustriaEmail: services@ares-genetics.com

About Curetis and Ares Genetics

Curetis N.V.s (Euronext: CURE) goal is to become a leading provider of innovative solutions for molecular microbiology diagnostics designed to address the global challenge of detecting severe infectious diseases and identifying antibiotic resistances in hospitalized patients.

Curetis Unyvero System is a versatile, fast and highly automated molecular diagnostic platform for easy-to-use, cartridge-based solutions for the comprehensive and rapid detection of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance markers in a range of severe infectious disease indications. Results are available within hours, a process that can take days or even weeks if performed with standard diagnostic procedures, thereby facilitating improved patient outcomes, stringent antibiotic stewardship and health-economic benefits. Unyvero in vitro diagnostic (IVD) products are marketed in Europe, the Middle East, Asia and the U.S.

Curetis wholly owned subsidiary Ares Genetics GmbH is developing next-generation solutions for infectious disease diagnostics and therapeutics. The ARES Technology Platform combines the presumably most comprehensive database worldwide on the genetics of antimicrobial resistances, ARESdb, with advanced bioinformatics and artificial intelligence.

For further information, please visit http://www.curetis.com and http://www.ares-genetics.com.

About BGI Group

Founded in 1999, BGI is one of the world's leading life science and genomics organizations. BGIs mission is to use genomics to benefit mankind and to be a leader in the era of life sciences. BGI follows a genomics development model of research, production and application. With businesses inmore than 100 countries and regions around the world, BGI has established cooperation and partnerships with thousands of different organizations across multi-disciplinary research areas including medical health, resource conservation and judicial services. At the same time, BGI provides equipment, technical support and solutions for the needs of national economies and people's livelihoods, such as precision medicine and precision health. BGI is committed to applying its genetic and technological achievements to real world settings in order to realize the dream of trans-omics for a better life.

About MGI

MGI Tech Co., Ltd. (referred to as MGI) is committed to building core tools and technology to lead life science through intelligent innovation. MGI focuses on R&D, production and sales of DNA sequencing instruments, reagents, and related products to support life science research, agriculture, precision medicine and healthcare. MGI is a leading producer of clinical high-throughput gene sequencers, and its multi-omics platforms include genetic sequencing, mass spectrometry, medical imaging, and laboratory automation.

Founded in 2016, MGI has more than 1,000 employees, nearly half of whom are R&D personnel. MGI operates in 26 countries and regions and has established multiple research and production bases around the world. Providing real-time, comprehensive, life-long solutions, its vision is to enable effective and affordable healthcare solutions for all.

Legal Disclaimer

This document constitutes neither an offer to buy nor to subscribe securities and neither this document nor any part of it should form the basis of any investment decision in Curetis.

The information contained in this press release has been carefully prepared. However, Curetis bears and assumes no liability of whatever kind for the correctness and completeness of the information provided herein. Curetis does not assume an obligation of whatever kind to update or correct information contained in this press release whether as a result of new information, future events or for other reasons.

This press release includes statements that are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology, including the terms believes, estimates, anticipates, expects, intends, may, will, or should, and include statements Curetis makes concerning the intended results of its strategy. By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and readers are cautioned that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance. Curetis actual results may differ materially from those predicted by the forward-looking statements. Curetis undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law.

Curetis Group Contact Details

Curetis GmbHMax-Eyth-Str. 4271088 Holzgerlingen, GermanyTel. +49 7031 49195-10pr@curetis.com or ir@curetis.comwww.curetis.com

Ares Genetics GmbHKarl-Farkas-Gasse 18A-1030 WienAustriaTel. +43 1 361 8880 10contact@ares-genetics.com http://www.ares-genetics.com

Curetis Group International Media & Investor Inquiries

akampionDr. Ludger Wess / Ines-Regina ButhManaging Partnersinfo@akampion.comTel. +49 40 88 16 59 64Tel. +49 30 23 63 27 68

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Curetis Group Company Ares Genetics and BGI Group Collaborate to Offer Next-Generation Sequencing and PCR-based Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Testing in...

HTG Molecular Diagnostics (HTGM) Buy Rating Reaffirmed at HC Wainwright – Riverton Roll

HC Wainwright restated their buy rating on shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics (NASDAQ:HTGM) in a research report released on Tuesday, January 21st, AnalystRatings.com reports. They currently have a $2.00 price target on the medical research companys stock.

Several other research firms also recently weighed in on HTGM. Canaccord Genuity set a $1.50 price target on shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics and gave the stock a buy rating in a research note on Thursday, September 26th. Craig Hallum set a $3.00 price objective on shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics and gave the company a buy rating in a research note on Friday, September 27th. Cantor Fitzgerald reiterated an overweight rating on shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics in a report on Friday, October 18th. Finally, ValuEngine raised shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics from a sell rating to a hold rating in a research note on Tuesday, December 3rd. One investment analyst has rated the stock with a sell rating, one has issued a hold rating and four have assigned a buy rating to the companys stock. The stock has a consensus rating of Buy and an average price target of $3.13.

Shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics stock opened at $0.57 on Tuesday. The business has a 50 day simple moving average of $0.70 and a two-hundred day simple moving average of $0.87. HTG Molecular Diagnostics has a 12 month low of $0.55 and a 12 month high of $3.24. The company has a debt-to-equity ratio of 0.34, a current ratio of 5.21 and a quick ratio of 5.07. The stock has a market capitalization of $33.29 million, a P/E ratio of -0.98 and a beta of 1.56.

HTG Molecular Diagnostics (NASDAQ:HTGM) last announced its quarterly earnings data on Tuesday, November 12th. The medical research company reported ($0.15) earnings per share for the quarter, beating analysts consensus estimates of ($0.16) by $0.01. HTG Molecular Diagnostics had a negative return on equity of 88.60% and a negative net margin of 76.97%. The company had revenue of $5.41 million for the quarter, compared to analyst estimates of $5.63 million. As a group, research analysts anticipate that HTG Molecular Diagnostics will post -0.56 EPS for the current fiscal year.

Hedge funds have recently made changes to their positions in the stock. Vanguard Group Inc. increased its stake in HTG Molecular Diagnostics by 20.0% during the 2nd quarter. Vanguard Group Inc. now owns 1,453,160 shares of the medical research companys stock worth $2,413,000 after buying an additional 242,497 shares during the period. BlackRock Inc. increased its position in shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics by 504.3% during the second quarter. BlackRock Inc. now owns 405,837 shares of the medical research companys stock worth $673,000 after acquiring an additional 338,681 shares during the period. Perkins Capital Management Inc. increased its position in shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics by 297.1% during the third quarter. Perkins Capital Management Inc. now owns 2,353,153 shares of the medical research companys stock worth $1,564,000 after acquiring an additional 1,760,533 shares during the period. Finally, Citadel Advisors LLC raised its stake in shares of HTG Molecular Diagnostics by 153.9% in the second quarter. Citadel Advisors LLC now owns 38,525 shares of the medical research companys stock valued at $64,000 after acquiring an additional 23,351 shares in the last quarter. Hedge funds and other institutional investors own 38.94% of the companys stock.

HTG Molecular Diagnostics Company Profile

HTG Molecular Diagnostics, Inc a commercial stage life sciences company, focuses on the precision medicine. The company offers instrumentation (or platforms); consumables comprising assay kits; and software analytics that automate sample processing and profiles various molecular targets. Its platforms generate a molecular profiling library for detection using next-generation sequencing.

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HTG Molecular Diagnostics (HTGM) Buy Rating Reaffirmed at HC Wainwright - Riverton Roll

Iran: 21-year-old Christian convert who criticized regime’s oppression of believers arrested, missing – The Christian Post

By Leah MarieAnn Klett, Christian Post Reporter | Thursday, January 30, 2020 Iranian flag waving with cityscape on background in Tehran, Iran | Getty images/stock photo

A 21-year-old Christian convert in Iran known for highlighting the plight of persecuted believers and criticizing the countrys repressive government remains missing nearly three weeks after her arrest.

The website Article 18 reports that Fatemeh Mohammadi, also known as Mary, was among those arrested on Jan. 12 near Azadi Square. At the time of her arrest, protests were taking place in response to the Iranian governments admission of guilt in the downing of a Ukrainian passenger plane hit by two missiles.

Mohammadi was apprehended by police and transported to an unknown location. Nearly three weeks after her arrest no one has heard from the young woman.

On the day of her arrest, she published a series of tweets in which she said the Iranian people were facing soft repression, exposed only to news that the regime wanted them to read.

In her tweets, she used hashtags that, when translated, mean hard-pressed and suppression is the norm."

She added that tackling soft repression is even harder than tackling the hard repression," accusing the government of institutionalizing false beliefs through selective coverage of the news," and lies that are bigger and more repetitive make them more believable.

The Christian activist was previously arrested three other times and spent six months in prison on charges of "membership in proselytizing groups," "Christian activity," and "acting against national security through propaganda against the regime."

Just before her arrest, she was kicked out of the university she was attending for no given reason. A week later, she was arrested again.

It appears that my religious beliefs and having a prior conviction [because of Christian activities] on security-related charges, as well as my human rights activism, are the reasons for banning me from further education, she told Article 18 at the time.

The denial of basic and fundamental rights, such as the right to education, certainly can act as a pressure mechanism and is used as a lever to apply pressure on religious minorities and human rights activists in the hope that individuals will halt their activities and abandon their beliefs. Depriving me of my education is certainly intended to exert pressure upon me, and silence me.

Persecution watchdog groupOpen Doors notes that Mohammadi also boldly spoke about believers rights, including the cruel treatment she received in prison, and ran a campaign petitioning for all Christians, including converts, to be given the right to worship in a church.

When asked whether she feared for her safety, she responded that she was ready to return to prison to fight for the rights of Christians in Iran.

Earlier this year, she wrote an open letter to Irans Minister of Intelligence, accusing him of violating the Iranian Constitution by targeting Christians. In it, she questioned why Christians are prevented from talking about their beliefs with their peers, while Muslims can freely engage in propaganda at schools, universities, mosques and shrines.

Iran is ranked No. 9 on Open Doors'2020 World Watch Listof worst countries to live as a Christian.

Iranian society is governed by Islamic law, which means the rights of and professional possibilities for Christians are heavily restricted, Open Doors notes. Christians are forbidden from sharing their faith with non-Christians in Iran, and it is illegal to produce Christian literature.

According to the charity, over the 2020 World Watch List reporting period, there were at least 169 arrests of Christians, 114 of them made in one single week at the end of 2018.

Many Iranian believers (especially converts) have been prosecuted and sentenced to long terms in jail. Others are still awaiting trial. Their families face public humiliation during this time, Open Doors reports.

Last week, acourt in Iran sentenced a 65-year-old convert to Christianity to three years in prison for insulting Islamic sacred beliefs even as he is yet to be tried in the court for two other charges.

In December, Irans Revolutionary Courtsentencednine Christians to a combined total of 45 years in prison for converting to Christianity. The converts were arrested in January and February 2019.

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Iran: 21-year-old Christian convert who criticized regime's oppression of believers arrested, missing - The Christian Post

Berry Tramel: Flair describes the life and times of the late Laker superstar Kobe Bryant – Oklahoman.com

Kobe was a mesmerizing figure. Even the league itself was transfixed and aware of the financial bonanza he provided. Long before the NBA showed its cards and declined to take a stand on Chinese government oppression, in hopes of keeping Chinese money flowing, the NBA stuck by Kobe when he was charged with rape after a 2003 incident in Eagle, Colorado.

The accuser eventually declined to cooperate with authorities, Kobe settled out of court, his reputation took only a momentary hit and the NBA continued to reap the jackpot of having Kobe as the leagues most riveting player.

Even at age 37, Kobes flair didnt waver. His final season, 2015-16, was a farewell tour around the league, and he scored 60 points in his final game, April 13, 2016.

Kobes enchantment continued upon NBA retirement. He stayed above the basketball fray to which so many former superstars succumb. He turned a $6 million sports-drink investment to a $200 million windfall. His production company won an Academy Award for a basketball short film.

That explains Kobe Bryant best. A prom date with a Hollywood starlet before he ever got to the Lakers; an Oscar after he left the Lakers. And all kinds of basketball largess in between.

Kobe was great with the media oh man, what a world it would be if Westbrook had taken his press conference tips from Kobe and from all reports great with fans.

He had a great smile and a warm personality and didnt make enemies, except on the court. Kobe was both accessible and untouchable; he put himself in vulnerable positions but remained Teflon.

He is the embodiment of the star-driven nature of the basketball league that made him famous, and now hes gone, at age 41, a life lived with flair.

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Berry Tramel: Flair describes the life and times of the late Laker superstar Kobe Bryant - Oklahoman.com

The International Court of Justice and the Rohingyas – CounterPunch

The International Court of Justices (ICJ) Order to the Government of the Republic of Myanmar to adopt various provisional measures to protect the Rohingya community from physical destruction and to prevent the commission of all acts within the scope of Article 11 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide including killing members of the group and imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group is a decision of tremendous significance. The Order also urges the Myanmar military as well as any regular armed units which may be directed or supported by (the military) and any organisation or person which may be subject to its control, direction or influence not to commit genocide or be complicit in acts of genocide. The Government of Myanmar is also required in the Order to submit a report to the ICJ on all measures intended to give effect to the Order within four months as from the date of the Order and thereafter every six months until a final decision on the case is rendered by the Court.

Needless to say, the Government of Myanmar has rejected the ICJs Order. It denies that there has been any genocide against the Rohingyas. However, reports from independent human rights observers and from Rohingyas themselves many of them refugees living in other countries tell a different story. It is this evidence adduced by the government of the Gambia especially its Justice Minister, Abubacarr Tambadou, which convinced the ICJ panel that the allegations of genocide against the Myanmar Government had a basis.

The world should now use the ICJs stand to mount a massive global campaign on behalf of the oppressed and discriminated Rohingya. It should in fact go beyond the ICJs Order and address the root cause of the suffering of the Rohingya people. Stripping them of their Myanmar citizenship in 1982 is what is largely responsible for their oppression and marginalisation. This is why the world in endorsing the ICJs decision should also plead with the Myanmar government to restore the citizenship of all Rohingyas who qualify for citizenship.

The media both old and new have a critical role to play. It is disappointing that even in their coverage of the ICJ decision most of the media have been somewhat lukewarm. There has been very little support by way of follow-up articles and the like. And yet the ICJ is a mainstream institution with a high degree of credibility.

One hopes the UN General Assembly will also be persuaded to endorse the ICJ decision, reinforced by a call to grant citizenship to the Rohingya people. Perhaps the government of the Gambia should take the lead. It is said that in bringing the Rohingya case to the ICJ, the Gambia was motivated largely by its conscience, specifically the pain and anguish leaders like Tambadou felt when the carnage in Rwanda occurred in the mid nineteen nineties.

As demonstrated by the government of the Gambia, the nine ASEAN governments who share a regional platform with Myanmar should also for once act on the basis of their conscience. They should set aside concerns such as trade and investments, big power politics and geopolitical pressures and focus solely upon the ordeal of a people facing extermination, and act accordingly.

It is not just ASEAN that should respond to the ICJ. What about China? China for geopolitical and geo-economic reasons has become particularly close to the Myanmar government. Can the Chinese leadership rise above these considerations and instead emphasise the vital importance of our common humanity and our human dignity? One can ask the same question of India and of Japan in their relations with the Myanmar government.

Of course, the Myanmar governments treatment of the Rohingya minority will only change for the better if the majority of the Myanmar people express strongly their disapproval of present policies. They should urge their government to heed the ICJs Order. This is not likely to happen in the foreseeable future. It appears that the majority of the populace are attached to a Burman-Buddhist identity that does not really accommodate the non-Burman, non- Buddhist minorities a notion of identity which the ruling elite with the military at its core espouses. Antagonism towards the Rohingya is part of this notion of identity.

What this means is that if a substantial segment of Myanmar society is going to persuade their government to adhere to the ICJs Order, it will be because of external pressure. Hence the importance of accelerating pressure through ASEAN, the big Powers, the UN General Assembly and global public opinion.

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The International Court of Justice and the Rohingyas - CounterPunch

Dori: Forget the teachers union, now Seattle has a drug users union – MyNorthwest.com

This poster was seen in the U District. (Dori Monson Show)

Did you hear about Seattles latest group to unionize? A listener sent me a picture of a flier from an alley off of the Ave in the University District a flier for a drug users union.

This group celebrates drug use in fact, they have formed a subculture that is all about drug use. The flier says, Urban Survivors Union Proud To Be a Drug User, Seattles Drug User Union.

We are a union that is, first and foremost, for and by drug users. Our first mission is to unite as drug users, because we are the only ones who understand the oppression we face. Join our family and together we can change the laws to better protect our community!

Then it talks about how they meet the first Thursday of every month at the U District Needle Exchange.

Dori: We only look through the lens of whats best for the heroin addict

I have one big question what other laws do drug users need changed?

Marijuana is legal in this state. King County allows personal possession amounts of hard drugs. We all know that drug crimes are rarely being prosecuted by our county prosecutor. That, along with the citys de-policing, led to the downtown Seattle shooting because of all the open drug use, drug dealing, the gangs that control the drug dealing, and the violence that comes with the gangs.

The drug users union already has the mayor, Seattle City Council, city attorney, and county prosecutor working for the policies it favors. Our leadership wants as many drug users as possible. There was just a study this week stating that the county needs up to $1 billion extra each year to fight homelessness.

Trust me, it benefits local government financially to have all the despair and broken lives that come with drug use. You see, the more broken lives there are, the more government has to step in and fix them by raising taxes.

At least, they tell us they want to fix lives, but its really just about expanding government and collecting more of your money. You have to work and save to get a place to live, but government wants you to also provide affordable housing for the drug vagrants who have come flocking to our area.

The drug users union is pushing for changing the laws but I dont know how the laws could possibly be any friendlier toward them.

Listen to the Dori Monson Show weekday afternoons from 12-3 p.m. on KIRO Radio, 97.3 FM. Subscribe to the podcast here.

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Dori: Forget the teachers union, now Seattle has a drug users union - MyNorthwest.com

Amnesty International Highlights Ongoing Oppression Of Govt Critics – – VOA Khmer

PHNOM PENH

More than two years after the main opposition party was dissolved and independent media were shuttered, rights group Amnesty International said civil and political rights, and press freedom in Cambodia remain severely constrained.

In a report released January 30, Amnesty International said activists and critics of Cambodias long-time Prime Minister Hun Sen continued to face harassment and intimidation through misuse of the justice system.

The group, which works to promote human rights and democratic values, also pointed to the harassment of journalists, which they said has led to self-censorship in the media.

Severe restrictions on the right to freedom of expression perpetuated a culture of fear and self-censorship among Cambodias few remaining independent journalists and media outlets, the report said.

A 2017 government crackdown saw the arrest of opposition leader Kem Sokha, the closure of the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP) and the shuttering of independent newspaper The Cambodia Daily and radio broadcaster Radio Free Asia.

Kem Sokha is currently on trial for treason, a case condemned widely by human rights groups.

Hun Sen, whose party won all parliamentary seats in what observers have called a sham election in 2018, last November deployed the military and pressured countries in ASEAN to prevent the return of opposition leader Sam Rainsy, who is in self-exile in France.

Dozens of grassroots opposition supporters have been arrested, the report noted, especially in the weeks leading up to the Sam Rainsys attempted return to Cambodia last November. At least 80 activists and opposition members were arrested, only to be released on bail later.

The harassment, intimidation and arbitrary arrest of supporters of the CNRP intensified throughout the year, culminating in a major crackdown related to the potential return to Cambodia of acting CNRP president Sam Rainsy on 9 November, it stated.

Government spokesperson Phay Siphan called the report baseless and said its authors were outside Cambodia and therefore unable to witness firsthand the improvement of human rights and peace in Cambodia.

The report is based on their ideas; it does not follow the professional reporting methods, Siphan said.

The report came just two weeks after a similar report from Human Rights Watch, which stated similar concerns. Reacting to that report a government spokesperson Chin Malin said the human rights group wanted to take revenge against Cambodia, though failing to elaborate on his accusation.

Am Sam Ath, monitoring manager at rights group Licadho, said that the report was projecting an accurate assessment of Cambodias human rights situation.

If we look at reality, what they have raised since 2017 until now, there is a lot of truth to that, he said.

The reports findings also showed that there was heightened surveillance of people and groups, considered to be pro-opposition, as was evident at the grassroots level.

Outspoken NGOs were subjected to unlawful surveillance, threats and intimidation by police and local authorities, the report said.

Routine NGO events, such as workshops, continued to be shut down despite the revocation of a ministerial regulation that required prior permission for such events.

The European Commission has been investigating Cambodias human right situation and can potentially suspend critical trade preferences next month if it finds no improvements in the countrys rights record.

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Amnesty International Highlights Ongoing Oppression Of Govt Critics - - VOA Khmer

Cardinal Tagle could change the Vatican’s tune on China – Catholic Herald Online

A bishop is being harassed by the authorities arrested, bullied by officials, barred from Masses, told to leave his own home. He is, in fact, an auxiliary bishop, and the ordinary of his diocese is giving him little support.

What then is Cardinal Luis Tagle going to do about it?

The bishop is Vincent Guo Xijin, who used to be the bishop of Mindong (Fujian). He was an underground bishop who refused to join the Chinese patriotic association, controlled by the communist party. When the Holy See signed its provisional and still wholly secret agreement with Beijing in September 2018, Pope Francis agreed to lift the excommunications of several patriotic bishops who had been consecrated without papal approval.

One such state-appointed bishop was Vincent Zhan Silu. His excommunication was lifted and in a further gesture of goodwill Pope Francis personally asked Bishop Guo to resign as Bishop of Mindong so that Bishop Zhan could take his place. Guo, in turn, would become the auxiliary bishop to Zhan.

It was among the most dramatic of the known concessions that the Vatican has made to the Chinese communists. The underground bishop faithful to Rome would be demoted to serve under the patriotic bishop loyal to Beijing who was previously excommunicated.

Beijing, detecting weakness in Romes agreement to such conditions, has spent more than a year putting pressure on Bishop Guo. In April, he was told he could not concelebrate the Chrism Mass. The government officials said in clarity that they do not recognize me as a bishop, Guo told ucanews.com. In November, Asia News reported that he had been taken to Bishop Zhans chancery, from which he went on the run. Most recently, he has been told to leave his church, supposedly because of fire safety.

Bishop Guos offence is that he refuses to join the patriotic association. That was not required by the Holy See-China agreement, but China is now insisting upon it. Hence the punishment of Guo and the humiliation of the Holy See, which is left defending an agreement that Beijing has no apparent intention of honouring. And Bishop Zhan, the ordinary of the diocese, has made no public protest.

All of this is now on the desk of Cardinal Tagle, new prefect for the Congregation for the Evangelisation of Peoples (Propaganda Fidei). Propaganda, as it is known, is responsible for the Church in China, as it is for all mission territories. When it came time to demote Bishop Guo, the request came from Cardinal Pietro Parolin, secretary of state, and Cardinal Fernando Filoni, Tagles predecessor.

In March 2019, on a visit to Hong Kong and Macau, Cardinal Filoni characterised the provisional agreement as an invitation to trust: There is above all the need to rebuild trust, perhaps the most difficult aspect, toward ecclesiastical and civil authorities entrusted with religious matters, as well as between the so-called official and unofficial ecclesial currents. It is not about establishing who wins or who loses, who is right or wrong.

That brought a blistering response from Cardinal Joseph Zen, emeritus bishop of Hong Kong, and the leading critic of the Holy See-China agreement. The incredible thing is the invitation to trust the government, Zen said. Is information on recent oppression measures missing from our superiors in the Vatican?

Those superiors would be Cardinals Parolin and Filoni, whom Zen accuses of badly advising Pope Francis.

Zen has been harshly critical about a succession of cardinal prefects of Propaganda, including Cardinal Filonis immediate two predecessors Cardinals Ivan Dias (2006-2011) and Cresenzio Sepe (2001-2006). He accuses them of being too easily fooled and too easily outmaneuvered.

Will Tagle be different? True, the architect of the deal, Cardinal Parolin, remains. But the prefect of Propaganda is powerful enough to stand up to the Holy Sees top diplomat if he wishes. Cardinal Filoni was never going to do that as he is a career diplomat himself. As were Cardinals Dias and Sepe before him.

Its been 20 years since Propaganda did not have a diplomat as prefect. Cardinal Josef Tomko, the tough-minded Slovak, served from 1985 to 2001. He was a confidant of St John Paul II, and neither Slav had any illusions about the trustworthiness of communists.

Cardinal Tagle is not a diplomat, and he does not have the typical diplomats Achilles heel the desire to seek agreement and accommodation with tyrants. Indeed, he has just spent several years as a leading bishop in the Philippines, where the hierarchy has not been shy about challenging their tyrannical president Rodrigo Duterte. Tagle has not been schooled since his early priesthood in the fine art of keeping his mouth shut.

And unlike anyone since Tomko, he is personally close to the Holy Father. His profile is truly global, meaning that he has a voice loud enough to be heard.

So what will he do about the loyal bishop who suffers while his successor and superior sleeps comfortably in his bed?

Cardinal Tagle knows what it is to see his people suffer under tyrants. As a young priest he watched his predecessor as archbishop of Manila, Cardinal Jaime Sin, rally the nation behind the People Power revolution that toppled Ferdinand Marcos.

Tagle, who was appointed on the feast of Immaculate Conception, will arrive in Rome in these weeks. The China file will be waiting on his desk.

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Cardinal Tagle could change the Vatican's tune on China - Catholic Herald Online

‘We need to gather together’: NB rally supports Wet’suwet’en pipeline protest – CBC.ca

A group of about 50 people marched on Fredericton City Hall on Wednesday in solidarity with the We'suwet'en hereditary chiefs who are trying to stop a natural gas pipeline crossing their traditional territories.

People held signs calling for the RCMP and the pipeline company to stand down and vacate Wet'suwet'en territory.

The Coastal GasLink pipeline is part of a $40 billion project that would move natural gas extracted from northeastern B.C. to the proposed LNG Canada facility in Kitimat, where the gas would be liquefied and shipped overseas.

A similar march took place in Fredericton last year after RCMP enforced an injunction on the Unist'ot'en camp on Jan. 7,2019, which saw 14 supporters of the Wet'suwet'en hereditary chiefs arrested.

The B.C. Supreme court extended the injunction on Dec. 31, 2019, causing groups of people to once again rally together in support of the Wet'suwet'en traditional leaders.

Grand Chief of the Wolastoq Grand Council, Ron Tremblay, whose traditional name is Spasaqsit Possesom, said he understands the struggles the hereditary chiefs are facing in British Columbia.

"We're gathering here to stand shoulder-to-shoulder with them even though they live way, way out on the West Coast," Tremblay said.

Tremblay has been in similar conflicts with the New Brunswick provincial government on projects in Wolastoqey territory, such as the Mount Carleton Provincial Park snowmobile hub and the Sisson mine project.

"There's a very, very strong connection, it's that the federal and provincial governments refuse to recognize the hereditary and the traditional chief systems," said Tremblay.

"We want to educate the masses about what's really going on in this country and that we are here not as protesters but as protectors and a voice for the future generations to preserve and protect water, earth and air and for all of life to continue," said Tremblay..

WATCH: Wolastoq Grand Council Chief Ron Tremblay explains why the Wet'suwet'en peoples' fight is one that resonates in New Brunswick.

Jeremy Speller is a Mi'kmaq who drove five hours from his home community ofGesgapegiag in Quebec to be at the march.

"I think as Indigenous people we need to gather together and resist against the government and their colonial oppression that they continue to perpetuate," said Speller.

Speller, who studied in British Columbia at University of Victoria, said he feels a sense of responsibility to support the Wet'suwet'en hereditary chiefs stand.

"I also have friends out west that are the ones that are getting arrested and the ones that are resisting" Speller said. "So I just wanted to do my best to show support."

Katalin Koller, a non-Indigenous supporter, said that a large part of reconciliation is to recognize traditional Indigenous governments.

"I think that we need to create space for Indigenous voices to be at the table before any decision is ever made, to be there and to be able to speak for their Earth brothers and sisters," Koller said. "And to be recognized as equal counterparts in the governance of our land and our resources."

Wet'suwet'en hereditary chiefs were denied a meeting with British Columbia Premier John Horgan last week to discuss de-escalation while he was touring Northern British Columbia and visiting the LNG Canada project site.

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'We need to gather together': NB rally supports Wet'suwet'en pipeline protest - CBC.ca

Romney called 2016 a time for choosing on Trump. What choice will senators make now? – USA TODAY

Scott W. Patton and Cheryl Iacono, Opinion contributors Published 3:15 a.m. ET Jan. 29, 2020

Sens.Romney, Portman and Burr, Susan Collins, Lamar Alexander and others, it is time for choosing. Which path will you choose for history to record?

In a March 2016 speech, four years after his own presidential bid,Mitt Romney recalledaspeech by another Republican leader. Ronald Reagan, he said, told America in 1964 that it was a time for choosing between two paths: lifting people out of poverty and helping create opportunity for all, or an oppressive government that would lead America down a darker, less free path. Today, Romney added,"I believe with all my heart and soul that we face another time for choosing, one that will have profound consequences for the Republican Party, and more importantly, for our country."

What wasRomney, now a senator from Utah, so worried about?Donald Trump's presidential candidacy.

Sen. Romney, what path are you on now? The path of opportunity or the path of darkness? Your grandchildren are watching.

Weve read the president's famoustranscript. It was not a "PERFECT PHONE CALL." Highly educated suburban moms in New Albany and Delaware County, Ohio, have read the transcript. Independent-minded moderates from Wisconsin and Pennsylvania have also read the transcript. Service members and veterans from North Carolina, Texas and Virginia have read the transcript. Many have asked and answered: Was the presidents actions as it relates to Ukraine in our countrys best interest? Do the presidents actions put our diplomats and service members in a better position to carry out policy that is right for our republic?

Voters know right from wrong. We know how to differentiate abuse of power and election interference from legitimate and, most important,legal foreign policy carried out for the good of country.

The question playingout as the impeachment trial moves forward: Do members of the Senate, whohave sworn an oath to the Constitution and a Senate oath on impeachment, know the difference between right and wrong? Will they serve party or country? Will they be partial or impartial jurors? History is waiting to record the Senates choice.

Mitt Romney denounces Donald Trump in March 2016 in Salt Lake City.(Photo: Tom Smart/epa)

Sen.Rob Portman, R-Ohio, spent a career working to restrict gay rights. In the end, he ultimately found himself on the right side of history only after his son announced that he was gay. Portman spoke about his change of heart when he said, It allowed me to think of this issue from a new perspective, and thats of a dad who loves his son a lot, and the overriding message of love and compassion that I take from the Bible, and certainly the Golden Rule led to the change.

Sen.Portman, what path will you take? The path of compassion and the Golden Rule,or the path of lies and intimidation that Trump wields every day from his bully pulpit? Our children are watching.

Sen.Richard Burr, R-N.C.,says on his website that "we have witnessed the emergence of an aggressive Russia with ambitions to undermine our longstanding alliances abroad. He also says, North Carolina is home to the third largest community of veterans and military retirees(and) some of Americas premier Army, Air Force and Marine Corps quick response forces.

We have three family members who served in the quick response forces mentioned by Burr Scott, his brother (and Cheryls son) Jerry Patton, and Jerrys son (Cheryls grandson). We ask, does withholding congressionally approved military aid to a foreign ally engaged in combat with Russia strengthen or weaken our longstanding alliances? Does it help our national security? Does it make our war fighters forward deployed safer when working with our overseas allies?

Do not allow Trump or Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell to undermine your legacy of service to our military and veterans. Do not become a Russian pawn in Russian President Vladimir Putins desire to weaken our standing abroad. Do not be a negative force in our political domestic chaos caused by Trumps illegal actions. Our forefathers, and those who have fallen to preserve our freedoms, are watching.

Three-quarters of Americans saynew evidence and witness testimony should be heard at Trumps trial. About half say Trump should be removed from office. This is not about Democrats hijacking Trumps election,as argued by Trumps enablers. Its about the future of our democracy.

Sens.Romney, Portman and Burr, Susan Collinsand Lamar Alexander and others, it is time for choosing. Will you uphold your oath to be an impartial juroror take the path of party loyalist? Which will you choosefor history to record? The path of freedom,or the dark path of oppression?

Scott W. Patton isa combat veteran,real estate developer and moderate Democrat who lives in Columbus, Ohio. Cheryl Iacono, a political independent, is a Gold Star mother and a grandmother. Army Sgt.Maj.Jerry Patton, her son and Scott's brother, deployed to Afghanistan twice and died onOct. 15, 2008, in an accident while training to deploy there again.

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Romney called 2016 a time for choosing on Trump. What choice will senators make now? - USA TODAY

Jan 27 Opinion: The human rights crisis I never knew existed – Lee Clarion Online

Perhaps he lived in one of the nearby refugee camps, where thousands of people crowded into a few acres of densely packed concrete buildings. He likely encountered water scarcity and frequent power outages from the Israeli-controlled utility companies, similar to the blackout I experienced the day before.

If he was fortunate enough to own a car, its white Palestinian license plate would prompt searches and frequent delays at military checkpoints. Meanwhile, Israeli citizens bearing yellow license plates are permitted to take more direct routes on well-maintained roads. International travel also presents a challenge, since the Israeli government controls every major airport.

I reached down and felt the small collection of coins in my pocket. Palestine is not permitted to mint its own currency, so the people use Israeli Shekels from the other side of the wall. Each coins Hebrew inscription serves as yet another daily reminder of the occupying force.

Moreover, money is altogether tight within such a constrained economy. I later realized the cost of my trip to Palestine was greater than its current GDP per capita. Much of this hardship is due to the permit system Israel uses to stifle economic activity in Palestine. These regulations restrict the peoples right to use their land for farming, building or digging for natural resources.

Yet amidst all these challenges, Palestinians muster an unbridled spirit of hope. Never in my life have I encountered such a juxtaposition of overwhelming oppression and genuine hospitality. I met refugees, business owners, professors, taxi drivers, religious leaders and many other welcoming hosts. Just about anyone I asked could tell me the names of friends and family members who had been injured, arbitrarily arrested, evicted from their homes or even killed by the Israeli military.

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Jan 27 Opinion: The human rights crisis I never knew existed - Lee Clarion Online

‘It’s not fine.’ Black mothers and babies are dying in Florida – Florida Phoenix

WASHINGTON Black mothers and babies are dying at staggering rates in Florida and throughout the United States.

The national statistics are alarming: black women are three to four times more likely to die from pregnancy-related issues than white women, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. American Indian women are also more than twice as likely to die due to pregnancy-related issues than white women.

Overall, American women are more likely to die from causes related to childbirth or pregnancy than in any other developed nation, according to the CDC. Research has suggested that about half of those deaths are preventable.

The problem has gotten worse. Nationwide, maternal mortality rates more than doubled in the United States between 1990 and 2013, according to the World Health Organization.

The nations preterm birth rate has also been on the rise, with black women impacted disproportionately. In 2018, the overall preterm birth rate rose for the fourth consecutive year, according to Stacey Stewart, president and CEO of the March of Dimes. The preterm birth rate among black women is 49% higher than the rate among all other women.

The situation in Florida is severe, Rep. Frederica Wilson (D-Fla.) said this week at a hearing on the issue before the U.S. House Education and Labor Committee.

Florida ranks 32nd out of the 50 U.S. states in terms of the highest maternal mortality rates. The state had a maternal death rate of 28.1 per 100,000 live births from 2013 to 2017, according to federal data released by Americas Health Rankings.

Thats slightly better than the national average of 29.6 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births.

The state has also received low marks in a recent analysis of preterm births.

Florida received a C- on the March of Dimes 2019 report card assessing infant and maternal health. Between 2015 and 2017, 10.3% of babies were born preterm in the state. And the preterm birth rate among black women in the state was 52% higher than the rate among all other women.

Infants born in the southeastern United States are much more likely to be born early than those born in other parts of the country, March of Dimes CEO Stewart testified to lawmakers at the hearing Tuesday.

Nationwide, the infant mortality rate for black womens babies was more than twice the rates among white, Asian and Hispanic women in 2017, according to U.S. News and World Report. More than a third of infant deaths that year were tied to preterm birth.

Members of Congress and witnesses pointed to a variety of reasons for the racial disparities and the troubling mortality rates. Among them: implicit bias, a lack of access to quality healthcare and a lack of adequate health insurance.

Joia Crear-Perry, an obstetrician and the founder of the National Birth Equity Collaborative, pointed to racism as a key factor.

The legacy of a hierarchy of human value based upon the color of our skin continues to cause differences in health outcomes, including maternal mortality, she said. Racism is the risk factor, not my black skin.

She and other witnesses urged lawmakers to swiftly enact legislation to address the crisis.

We cannot wait to take action, because the state of maternal and child health in our nation is not fine, said Stewart, of the March of Dimes. Its not fine that 700 new moms die each year because of pregnancy complications. Its not fine that babies of color die at rates far higher than white babies. Its not fine that families must make a choice between earning a paycheck and working in conditions that put the health of mom and baby in danger.

Ultimately, Crear-Perry said, What black women in the U.S. need is accountability. We need to know that our lives are valued. This accountability may be complicated, but government still has an obligation to act. Racism, classism and gender oppression are killing all of us, from rural to urban America.

Wilson called for her fellow lawmakers to work to provide consistent and affordable health insurance, while expanding access to maternal and infant health programs.

Finally and most importantly, addressing the maternal and infant health crisis means undoing structural racism that affects every facet of American life, from health care to housing to education and transportation, Wilson said.

Republicans on the committee indicated a willingness to pursue legislation with the Democratic majority on the issues, although some urged caution when shaping new policies and others expressed concerns about expanding access to abortions.

Bringing a child into the world should be an exciting and joyful time for women and families, not one clouded by fear and by worry, said Rep. Mark Walker (R-N.C.). He said that because the causes of the trends are unclear, Congress should be careful about imposing government mandates that may not solve the problems.

Rep. Tim Walberg (R-Mich.) said, I can never support the fact that abortion is a good choice for a woman or a child or society, because it again reduces the value of human life itself. I understand theres disagreement on that. Still, he said, theres a lot of things we can agree on and move forward.

Even during a time when bipartisan compromise has become rare on Capitol Hill, North Carolina Democratic Rep. Alma Adams said that maternal and infant health are not partisan issues.

She said the federal government must do more to stop the maternal and infant health crisis in the United States. She called for legislation that addresses disparities in maternal and infant health while expanding access to health care and nutrition programs.

Adams added, I look forward to working with my colleagues to ensure that any mother anywhere in the United States can receive the quality care and support she needs to navigate a healthy pregnancy and raise a healthy child.

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'It's not fine.' Black mothers and babies are dying in Florida - Florida Phoenix

Students feel restless with the progress of LGBTQ+ health at Tulane – Tulane Hullabaloo

Faculty and students filled the Diboll Gallery in the brand new Newcomb Institute on Tuesday, Jan. 28, for the first ever LGBTQ+ Health Town Hall. Representatives from different student organizations as well as health-related offices on campus were present for the event hosted by the Student Health and Wellness Committee of the Undergraduate Student Government.

Keynote speaker Dr. Laura Wernick of Fordham University presented on the impact of community engagement such as community participation, activism, advocacy, and organizing on the mental health and wellness outcome among LGBTQ+ students.

Michael Xu | Contributing Artist

The types of transformative community organizing Dr. Wernick spoke about focused on group storytelling as a way of healing and building community among LGBTQ+ folks. In her experiences, group storytelling and performances allowed LGBTQ+ youth to share stories of past trauma, connect their experiences to those of other marginalized groups as well as institutional, historical, social and political contexts.

Groups involved with this kind of organizing came to see themselves as part of a collective struggle. As a result, participants were able to act as change agents, strengthening their personal and collective confidence and empowerment.

After the keynote, a panel of students, faculty and community providers held a town hall on health issues pertaining to the LGBTQ+ community at Tulane. Panelists included students Lucien Mensah and Luca Paternostro; Alicia K. Czachowsk, the director of The Well for Health Promotion; Andrew Davenport, nurse practitioner at the Tulane Health Center; and the Patient Navigator for the Gender Clinic at CrescentCare, Dietz. Students were able to submit questions before the panel through an online form, as well as during the panel by scanning a QR code.

Many of the questions from students inquired about improvements Campus Health and the Tulane administration could make to improve the lives of LGBTQ+ students at Tulane.

Some of the changes coming out of Campus Health that are currently in the works include working with the Office for Gender and Sexual Diversity on programming and initiatives on sexual assault and sexual health, more staff competency trainings and hosting more sex positive, inclusive conversations on campus about sexual health for the LGBTQ+ community. Additionally, The Carolyn Barber Pierre Center for Intercultural Life will be starting a new queer healing space on campus, allowing students to hold themselves accountable for transgressions against the queer community.

Suggestions for further improvements from panelists Mensah and Paternostro included trans-focused therapists at CAPS, more knowledge about trans experiences from campus medical providers and more accessible healthcare for LGBTQ+ students on Medicaid.

Both the keynote address and the town hall offered lots of information to attendees and were receptive to student input. While panelists seemed sincere in their desire to work toward a better Tulane for LGBTQ+ students, there also appeared to be a feeling of unrest bordering on frustration.

There seemed to be a disconnect between the attitudes about the progress being made and the concrete effect it is having on students. Mensah said that, while there is indeed support for queer students on campus, it almost exclusively comes out of The O. Mensah mentioned that safety measures on campus seem performative, with many professors still perpetuating harmful language and stereotypes in classrooms.

An exercise during Dr. Wernicks address asked audience members to talk to their neighbors about an experience in which they felt oppressed and how they felt to address that oppression. Exhausted was the first word to be called out from the audience.

While the LGBTQ+ community at Tulane benefits from the Universitys ability to provide services like a gender exploration society and STI testing through the student health center, these same students, queer and trans students of color in particular, continue to report experiencing oppression because of their identities on a daily basis. Those sorts of experiences are not something that can be assuaged by a town hall, the best intentions of organizers notwithstanding.

The approximately 30 people in that room might be the only ones on this campus working towards making our campus safer for LGBTQ+ students. The path toward Tulane being as accomodating to queer and trans students as to their straight, cisgendered peers will likely take constant fighting, organizing and slow, painful change. But every conversation, every town hall and every organized effort is a step in the right direction.

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Students feel restless with the progress of LGBTQ+ health at Tulane - Tulane Hullabaloo

Enforcing the International Court of Justice order on Myanmar – Free Malaysia Today

The International Court of Justices (ICJ) order to the government of the Republic of Myanmar to adopt various provisional measures to protect the Rohingya community from physical destruction is a decision of tremendous significance.

The order also requires Myanmar to prevent the commission of all acts within the scope of Article 11 of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide, including killing members of the group and imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group,

The order also urges the Myanmar military as well as any regular armed units which may be directed or supported by (the military) and any organisation or person which may be subject to its control, direction or influence not to commit genocide or be complicit in acts of genocide.

The government of Myanmar is also required in the order to submit a report to the ICJ on all measures intended to give effect to the order within four months and thereafter every six months until a final decision on the case is rendered by the court.

Needless to say, the government of Myanmar has rejected the ICJs order. It denies that there has been any genocide against the Rohingya.

However, reports from independent human rights observers and from Rohingya themselves many of them refugees living in other countries tell a different story.

It is this evidence adduced by the government of the Gambia, especially its Justice Minister Abubacarr Tambadou, which convinced the ICJ panel that the allegations of genocide against the Myanmar government had a basis.

The world should now use the ICJs stand to mount a massive global campaign on behalf of the oppressed and discriminated Rohingya.

It should in fact go beyond the ICJs order and address the root cause of the suffering of the Rohingya people.

Stripping them of their Myanmar citizenship in 1982 is what is largely responsible for their oppression and marginalisation.

This is why the world, in endorsing the ICJs decision, should also plead with the Myanmar government to restore the citizenship of all Rohingya who qualify for citizenship.

The media, both old and new, have a critical role to play. It is disappointing that even in their coverage of the ICJ decision, most of the media have been somewhat lukewarm. There has been very little support by way of follow-up articles and the like.

And yet the ICJ is a mainstream institution with a high degree of credibility.

One hopes the UN General Assembly will also be persuaded to endorse the ICJ decision, reinforced by a call to grant citizenship to the Rohingya people.

Perhaps the government of the Gambia should take the lead. It is said that in bringing the Rohingya case to the ICJ, the Gambia was motivated largely by its conscience, specifically the pain and anguish leaders like Tambadou felt when the carnage in Rwanda occurred in the mid-1990s.

As demonstrated by the government of the Gambia, the nine Asean governments, who share a regional platform with Myanmar, should also for once act on the basis of their conscience.

They should set aside concerns such as trade and investments, big power politics and geopolitical pressures and focus solely upon the ordeal of a people facing extermination, and act accordingly.

It is not just Asean that should respond to the ICJ. What about China?

China, for geopolitical and geo-economic reasons, has become particularly close to the Myanmar government. Can the Chinese leadership rise above these considerations and instead emphasise the vital importance of our common humanity and our human dignity?

One can ask the same question of India and of Japan in their relations with the Myanmar government.

Of course, the Myanmar governments treatment of the Rohingya minority will only change for the better if the majority of the Myanmar people express strongly their disapproval of present policies.

They should urge their government to heed the ICJs order. This is not likely to happen in the foreseeable future.

It appears that the majority of the populace are attached to a Burman-Buddhist identity that does not really accommodate the non-Burman, non-Buddhist minorities a notion of identity which the ruling elite with the military at its core espouses. Antagonism towards the Rohingya is part of this notion of identity.

What this means is that if a substantial segment of Myanmar society is going to persuade their government to adhere to the ICJs order, it will be because of external pressure. Hence the importance of accelerating pressure through Asean, the big powers, the UN General Assembly and global public opinion.

Dr Chandra Muzaffar is the president of the International Movement for a Just World (JUST).

The views expressed are those of the writer and do not necessarily reflect those of FMT.

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Enforcing the International Court of Justice order on Myanmar - Free Malaysia Today

The Republic at 71: Faced With an Unbending Government, Indians Continue to Speak Out – The Wire

A respected woman social activist and political leader beaten and kicked in the stomach at a police station for recording a public protest. A human rights lawyer arbitrarily detained and given electric shocks by police officers. A journalist covering public demonstrations for a prominent national newspaper taken to a police station, subjected to obscene slurs by the police while witnessing a social activist being badly beaten-up.

Police stand by as an organised mob of masked goons attack students of a premier Left-leaning university in the dead of the night. Blanket institution of highly questionable criminal cases, indiscriminate arrests, caning and use of live ammunition with lethal effect on protestors. This is not the image of their country that Indians at home and abroad want to project to the world.

Nonetheless, many across the world are watching events unfold in the country with dismay. This Republic Day, Indias political leadership should be celebrating 71 years since the adoption of the constitution. Instead, the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government is preoccupied with justifying flawed amendments to the Citizenship Act that exclude Muslims and have been described by the UN as fundamentally discriminatory. The constitutions promise of justice, liberty, equality and fraternity is being tested by injecting religion into the discourse around who gets to be an Indian citizen.

With attempts underway to crush largely peaceful nationwide mass mobilisations, the present appears to be reminiscent of the time when Indira Gandhi suspended certain constitutional rights by declaring a national Emergency from 1975-1977. Then as now, people from all walks of life and across the country came out to protest in large numbers in the tradition of satyagraha.

Could the repression now be worse than it was in 1975? Those who have resisted have been subjected to the full force of the law and more. Over 25 people have been killed in the protests. Unspecified numbers have been detained while many have been dubiously booked for rioting. They will face judicial harassment for extended periods of time as the wheels of justice grind slowly in India.

Random disruption of internet services to prevent public mobilisations and routine invocation of the regressive colonial era Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code to disallow five or more people from gathering in public places is tarnishing Indias global reputation as a stable democracy. The recently released Economist 2019 Democracy Index has noted a sharp decline in civil liberties in the country.

To be clear, the chaos and cruelty currently unleashed have been brewing for a while. Last December, prior to the ongoing nationwide protests and the ensuing crackdown, the CIVICUS Monitor, a research platform that measures the state of civic freedoms in every country, downgraded India to the second worst category, repressed, placing it on par with Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar and Pakistan. Reasons for the downgrade included a months long clampdown on public gatherings and internet freedom in Jammu and Kashmir, muzzling of the media and gross intimidation of civil society activists and their organisations through selective invocation of security and criminal legislation to silence criticism.

Notably, mass mobilisations are an opportunity for ordinary people to get their voices heard and for the political leadership to course correct in between election cycles. Governments can take a reform-minded approach and make necessary changes in line with public demands or they can take an unbending undemocratic approach, spread disinformation and clampdown. The launch of the disingenuous hashtag called #IndiaSupportsCAA along with the marshalling of the countrys diplomats to justify the ruling partys position with foreign governments raises further concerns about the politicisation of national institutions.

Nonetheless, another course of action is available to the government: to back down and take corrective action. In Chile last year when massive public protests rocked the country against neoliberal economic policies, the government of President Sebastian Pinera agreed to hold a constitutional referendum. In Ecuador, President Lenin Morera reached a deal with indigenous leaders to cancel an austerity package following weeks of protests. In Lebanon, bowing to public dissatisfaction with official corruption, poor public services and economic mismanagement, Prime Minister Saad Hariri tendered his resignation. Even China, in the face of mass protests by residents of Hong Kong backtracked on a controversial extradition law albeit after strong-arm tactics failed to deter protestors.

Prime Minister Narendra Modis promise of Sabka Saath Sabka Vikas rings hollow in the face of an economic downturn and the ramping up of emotive politics of religion. But Indias youth are inspiring hope. Thousands of young people cutting across religious and caste divides are leading the way by becoming politically active on social media and on the streets, raising hopes that Indias democracy will ultimately emerge stronger.

Many are finding their voice in speaking out against the muzzling of protest against hate filled politics, rightly calling for a return to the values of democratic dissent and debate that define being Indian. Notably, women have come out in large numbers. Several are leading the protests. In expressing their indignation against attempts at institutional discrimination they are eroding patriarchy along the way.

The government of the day may have failed to honour Mahatma Gandhis legacy of communal harmony and peaceful resistance against oppression. However, this Republic Day conscientious Indians around the world are speaking out against the present injustices and are being the change they wish to see.

Lysa John is the secretary general of the global civil society alliance, CIVICUS. Mandeep Tiwana is chief programmes officer.

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The Republic at 71: Faced With an Unbending Government, Indians Continue to Speak Out - The Wire

When Women Come Of Age In Horror, It’s Magick – Birth.Movies.Death.

GRETEL AND HANSEL is the latest horror film to use witchcraft as a potent parable.

By Britt Hayes Jan. 29, 2020

Gretel & Hansel is almost here. Get your tickets now!

The most effective horror movie villains are often unknowable boogeymen, masked slashers, malevolent ghosts and ghouls. That fear of the unknown is magnified in films and stories that deal with witchcraft, which offers a tidy metaphorical conduit through which storytellers can explore a woman's rise to power. And few things have remained more terrifying throughout history than a powerful woman. The mass hysteria of the witch hunt era is rooted in the fear of a wisened woman; though the origins of the word "witch" are relatively unclear, many scholars have come to believe it is dervied from the English words "wit" and "wisdom." Throughout the course of history, men have desperately fought to maintain their oppressive hold over women: Domestication, the withholding of education and voting rights, shipping wives off to psychiatric facilities where they endured torture disguised as medical procedures to cure them of "hysteria" (read: emotions and opinions), burning women in droves at the stake, using the government to control the bodies and rights of women because we cannot be trusted to make these choices for ourselves. Whatever the means, the reasoning has always been the same and the origins of man's compulsion to control women can be found in thedeep-seated fear of an intelligent, educated woman who acts decisively.

For as long as men have tried to oppress women there have been stories about witches. The wart-ridden hags of folklore and fairytales were typically one-dimensional villains who cursed well-meaning families and/or their first-born offspring, consumed children with grotesque abandon, and made questionable soups in giant pots. They were unmarried (because who could ever) andlived alone in the woods, and while that actually sounds like a pleasant way to spend your twilight years, the witch seemed to serve as a cautionary tale for women; when men are educated they can do great things, but knowledge as the story of Adam and Eve teaches us turns to pure evil in women's hands. (That's clearly a willful misinterpreation of the Bible. Obviously, the real story is that Eve was tired of being hungry so she decided to eat something, and God punished Eve and all women by making her self-conscious about her body. And thus diet culture was born.)

As the centuries wore on, a more modern take on the witch emerged: She is a woman who discovers her own inner strength, her powers a metaphor for coming-of-age and burgeoning sexuality. Thus the witch became an allegory for the lives of young women who aremisunderstood and have their magic (or potential) suppressed by concern-trolling men. Horror movies about witches tend to offer compelling feminist subtext (or text), and some of the most notable and profound of the genre are perhaps not coincidentally written and/or directed by men. Robert Eggers'The Witchdepicts a young woman coming of age under the oppressive eye of her religious zealot parents in the 17th century; her growing womanhood is perceived as a threat to her mother and a sin in the eyes of God and her father (who may as well be one in the same). In the film's final moments, she relinquishes her soul to Satan in an act of defiant emancipation, and joins her sisters in the woods to dance naked and free.

Luca Guadagnino's audacious reimagining ofSuspiriamarries the witch metaphor with Jungian archetypes to cast a potent cinematicspell. Through ritualistic dance, Dakota Johnson's Susie Bannion finds a catharticescape from the rigid sexual and religious oppression of her past, but she also discovers an immense inner power one that is easily corrupted in the wrong hands, such as those of the dance academy's elusive Madame Markos. In 90s faveThe Craft, witchcraft allows four teen girlsto vanquish the personal struggles that have rendered them insecure and made them outcasts at their Catholic high school. Andrew Fleming's film also explores how the corruptibility of that power in some ways, the witchcraft subgenre is to girls what the superhero genre is to boys. A common thread in both genres is the responsibility that comes with supernatural ability; villains and heroes are two sides of the same coin, and merely having power does not make someone powerful it's what they do with it. This gendered dichotomy between the two genres is glaring in a sort of humorous way.

The notion of women coming of age through the supernatural isn't confined to tales of witchcraft CarrieandGinger Snapstrek similar territory through telekinesis and lycanthropy, respectively, andThe Blackcoat's Daughter(previously titled February) takes a more specific approachin its depiction of first heartbreak through a girl's relationship with the devil. The director of that film, Osgood Perkins, is also behindGretel & Hansel, a reimagining of the classic Brothers Grimm folktale that as the title implies puts the emphasis on Gretel. Played by Sophia Lillis, Gretel is young girl on the verge of womanhood burdened with responsibilities no child should bear. Her parents are so impoverished that they can no longer care for Gretel and her younger brother Hansel, so she is forced out into the world to find a way to provide for them. Gretel has become wise beyond her years, but it's a painful sort of wisdom that she didn't ask for and which demands great sacrifice. As the familiar story goes, Gretel and Hansel stumble upon the home of a witch who has a bounty of food she's eager to share, only to discover they've been selected for the witch's next meal.

ButGretel & Hanseldoes something compelling with the folktale, which examines the burdens placed on women and the horrible sacrifices required to achieve some semblance of a life. In Perkins' telling, Gretel is a young woman confronted by the legacy of her genderand given the opportunity to recontextualize a terrifying nascent power; the antagonistic witch (Alice Krige) has a complex history which speaks to outdated feminism and the idea that there is limited space for women in the realm of men. Preempted by metatextual narration that addresses the nature of folklore itself and dressedwith eerily evocative production design, Perkins' latest film is an effective thematic sibling to his prior efforts (includingI Am the Pretty Thing That Lives in the House) and earns a rightful place among its witchy predecessors.

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When Women Come Of Age In Horror, It's Magick - Birth.Movies.Death.

Israels absorption of Bnei Menashe Jews from India – Observer Research Foundation

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In the late 1970s, a few individuals from a small group located in North East India, began to research the origins of their religious traditions and their ancestry. Their research led them to discover an ancestral connection to Israel. This particular group, known as Bnei Menashe or sons of Menashe are believed to be the descendants from the lost tribe of Menashe. In the early 1980s, members of the group made contact with an organization in Israel expressing an interest in returning to their ancient homeland.

On request of this tribe, the chief Rabbis of Israel investigated these people and found that they still observe Shabbat, maintain Kosher dietary laws, celebrate biblical fests, marry within their tribe and are clinging for a hope of returning one day to the land of Israel. After almost two decades of their recognition as Jews from one of the lost tribes of Israel, they are still struggling to be accepted fully as members of the mainstream Israeli society.

Their story and struggles are not any different from the Jewish community from Ethiopia, called as Beta Israel. Although, the Beta Israel are large in proportion, they continue to face similar issues such as that of Bnei Menashe Jews. This particular Indian Jewish community is termed not only as impure, but continue to face discrimination on the basis of their religious identity and demographic background. Out of almost11,000Bnei Menashe Jews, only around 4,000 Jews have been able to immigrate to Israel, while about 7,000 of them are said to be waiting for immigration to the Jewish state. Bnei Menashe Jews in Israel have been allocated areas of highly unstable lands of West Bank where education, security and employment remains a major concern. A fair assumption can be made that the spatial segregation of the Bnei Menashe in West Bank was a result of their low socio-economic and educational status in contrast to the larger Israeli society.

Israels policies addressing issues of immigration, absorption and diaspora affairs have often placed the Jews coming from developing countries such as India and Ethiopia in the underdeveloped periphery, where scanty economic and inferior education opportunities have always been a bone of contention. Israel has witnessed several protests by vocal minority groups where demonstrators were found insisting greater equality and an end to discrimination by the Israeli government and wider society as a whole. A major question that arises is that are Bnei Menashe Jews like Beta Israel are only a tool to fulfill political agendas and for boosting the Jewish population, especially in the disputed territories of West Bank?

Jews of the Bnei Menashe community left India, hoping to unite with their ancestral homeland and with their Jewish brothers and sisters. For them, Israel is more than just a land of milk and honey, but an opportunity to get immersed into the life of a Jewish state. Despite their expectations of a better life, they have been subjected to discrimination by other Jews in Israels society. They are racially discriminated and often separated from the mainstream Jewry by being categorized as Chinese. They are also religiously discriminated by other Jews due to the skepticism that still surrounds their claims of a past Jewish connection. Therefore the immigration of a non-Halachic Jewish descent has remained a vexed subject in Israel with the right-wing invigorating it and the left-wing dejecting it, not only because they believe it would contribute to further oppression of the Palestinians but also because they tend to doubt the authenticity of the Bnei Menashes claim to lost tribes status.

When Prime Minister Narendra Modi visited Israel in July 2017, several members of the Bnei Menashe community gathered to greet him. Prime Minister Modiappreciatedthe contribution of Indian Jews to the state of Israel and for bringing the two societies closer. It was believed that the strategic partnership between India and Israel had reached a new height and the solution to the issue of Indian Jewish immigration to Israel will be addressed. But unfortunately, immigration of Bnei Menashe has by far remained too slow. Several policy analysts have therefore been raising questions on the reluctance of Israeli authorities instead of expediting the process of Bnei Menashes migration. They claim that the reason behind a slow migration may be their inferior skills and education. It is also believed that even after proving their Jewish identity, they are still considered as the lesser Jewish of all.

It took years of struggle for a few thousand Bnei Menashe Jews to settle in Israel but their living conditions has barely improved. According to a Knesset Research and Information Centerreport, most Bnei Menashe have been able to find employment quickly, but their wages remain meagre: at the minimum wage level, or below it. The study also discovered that they are more inclined to keep to themselves and not blend within the Israeli society. Isaac Thangjom, community leader of the Bnei Menashe in Israelmentionedthat It would not be an understatement to say we are the weakest and most miserable community in Israel. However, the community refrains from raising these issues at the societal levels allegedly because of the fear that it could affect their chances of being reunited with their relatives. This is because the members of Bnei Menashe are concerned that their relatives will not be accepted as eligible for Israels immigration list.

After years of barring the Bnei Menashe from immigrating to Israel by the former governments, the Netanyahu government in 2012passedthe long-awaited resolution that restarted thealiyahof the remaining 7,000 Bnei Menashe Jews in India. However, its already 2020 and only about 4,000 Jews have been able to makealiyahto Israel while7,000Bnei Menashe Jews still remain in India. Clearly, the absorption policies for this Indian Jewish community has not reached its potential yet.

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Israels absorption of Bnei Menashe Jews from India - Observer Research Foundation

CAA, NRC and Lessons for the Government of India from the Rohingya crisis – OpIndia

The partition of India by colonial Britain in 1947 on the basis ofIslamic majority regions resulting in the formation of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the Peoples Republic of Bangladesh later (with Islam as its official religion) has left a deep and lasting scar on Indian Civilization. Unfortunately for the non-Islamic minorities in these countries, the trauma continues, even to this day. Life with dignity is impossible and naturally, these oppressed people look to India for succour.

Despite the formation of a sovereign Islamic nation, illegal immigration from Bangladesh continues unabated. While the Muslims find succour and support from their co-religionists in India and corrupt politicians in Bengal and Assam, the non-Islamic minorities fleeing structural oppression continue to face insurmountable hurdles and the apathy of the State. Not being of much use to the corrupt politicians who have used the faade of secularism to nurture, appease and exploit the Muslim vote bank in India to win elections, their fate is consigned to refugee colonies without any prospect of citizenship and integration into the mainstream life of India.

The Muslim illegals, on the other hand, have been always shielded from the scrutiny of the law and have official identity documents facilitated for them at speed. While this is common knowledge, the opposition political parties and much of mainstream English media has been vociferous in denial. Thus when the current BJP government brought in the Citizenship Amendment Act to regularise and grant citizenship to the oppressed minorities of the Islamic countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan, who had fled to India until 2014, all hell broke loose.

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With the CAA on one hand and the prospect of National Citizenship Register (NRC) on the other, to detect illegal immigrants in India, it was literally a violent shove to the power base of Indias pseudo-secular political tribes, disrupting their ability to further illegal patronage. Spectacular incidents of violence aimed at Central Government properties such as the Railways was unleashed by hordes of delinquent Muslim youth, primarily in West Bengal which hosts the largest population of illegal Bangladeshis. It was clear that these baying mobs, had little regard for national properties and their intent was purely intimidatory to demonstrate the kind of violence they are capable of unleashing.

Read: The Battle from CAA to JNU: Khilafat 2.0, Communist Fantasies, Petty Politics and the conspiracy of Hong Kong style protests

While one can try to understand the point of view of opposition politicians and even the illegals it was quite eye-opening to see the Anglo Saxon international media comprising of some reputable names such as the FT, NYT, WP and The Times, jump at this opportunity to profess doom for the democratic institutions of India and start peddling downright lies about the nature of the CAA which now happens to be duly notified Law. Comparisons between the CAA and the Citizenship Law of Myanmar have been drawn and linkages between the plight of the Rohingyas with Indian Muslims have been implied. This, in turn, has been picked up by left-leaning student unions in some Indian University campuses, and a litany of lies concocted to instigate and bait violence. It is absolutely essential to puncture these lies and unwarranted comparison and therefore very important for the Indian citizenry to understand the Rohingya issue, its parallels, and what the present government needs to be careful about to avert and nullify the malicious intentions against our country.

The Rohingya refugee crisis is the largest refugee crisis in the world today, after the exodus of over a million Syrians into Europe in 2016. Just as the Western Press, holds Bashar Al Assad responsible for this rather than ISIS and the host of other Western and Turkish funded militant groups who started the conflict, the Rohingya Refugee crisis is squarely blamed on the Myanmar government and its military. The Rohingya crisis or conflict centres in the Rakhine state, earlier called Arakan in the West. Rakhine is a coastal geographic region in Lower Myanmar. It comprises a long narrow strip of land along the eastern seaboard of the Bay of Bengal and stretches from the Naf river estuary near Chittagong Hills area (in Bangladesh) in the north to the Gwa River in the south. The Arakan Yoma, a mountain range forms the eastern boundary of the region and isolates Rakhine from the rest of Myanmar.

The land is fertile and after conquest by the British East India Company in 1826, Rakhine became a leading rice exporter mainly cultivated by settlers who were encouraged to come in from the Chittagong area of the Bengal Presidency under a policy of mass immigration between 1826-1948 at the behest of colonial masters. This to a large extent is the genesis of the conflict in Rakhine. These settlers from the erstwhile Bengal Province of British India were mainly Muslims whereas the original inhabitants of the region were Buddhists. The Myanmar government thus considers these settlers to be Chittagonian Bengalis.

Read: Heres why Amit Shah was right when he said Rohingyas will never be accepted in India and UNHRC cannot object

Aye Chan, in his paper The Development of a Muslim Enclave in Arakan (Rakhine) State of Burma (Myanmar), published in SOAS (a UK University) concludes the following about the Rohingyas:

For successive generations, their ethnicity and Islam have been practically not distinguishable. In the beginning, they adopted the policy of irredentism in favour of joining East Pakistan with the slogan, Pakistan Jindabad, (Victory to Pakistan). This policy faded away when they could not gain support from the government of Pakistan. Later they began to call for the establishment of an autonomous region instead. During the Independence War in Bangladesh, most of the Muslims in Arakan supported West Pakistan. After Bangladesh gained independence Dhaka followed the policy of disowning those Chittagonians. Consequently, they had to insist firmly on their identity as Rohingyas. Their leaders began to complain that the term Chittagonian Bengali had arbitrarily been applied to them. But the majority of the ethnic group, being illiterate agriculturalists in the rural areas, still prefer their identity as Bengali Muslims.

Katie Hunt of CNN has compiled a short photo- essay titled Rohingya Crisis: How we got here to describe the chronology of key events.

1430 AD: Last Rakhine kingdom founded, with its capital in Mrauk U. Situated on the border between Buddhist and Muslim Asia, the city became one of Asias richest. In 1785 it came under Myanmars control. 1826- 1948: The Muslim community in Rakhine expanded rapidly during colonial times, doubling from the 1880s to 1930s. Expanding rice cultivation required significant labour, largely filled by Muslim workers from neighbouring Bengal. 1941- 1945, World War II: Rakhine State was on the front line between the Japanese troops and allied forces. Muslims were mostly pro-British, while Rakhine Buddhists initially supported the Japanese. 1948: Shortly after Myanmars independence from British rule, a Muslim rebellion erupted in Rakhine, demanding equal rights and an autonomous area. The rebellion was eventually defeated. 1962: Military rule begins. Rights that Rohingya had enjoyed before the coup were eroded. In 1978 and 1991, heavy-handed government campaigns pushed more than 200,000 Muslims across the border into Bangladesh. 1982: New citizenship law passed identifying 135 national ethnic groups. The Rohingya arent one of them, effectively rendering them stateless. 2014: Myanmar conducts the first census in more than three decades but Rohingya are excluded. November 2015: In the first democratic elections since the end of military rule, Rohingya arent allowed to participate as candidates, nor as voters. Suu Kyis party wins and she becomes a de-facto leader in a power-sharing agreement with the military. October 2016: The attacks spark an intense crackdown by the Myanmar military and trigger an exodus of Rohingya to Bangladesh. Rohingya insurgent group, now known as Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), claims responsibility for the border post-attack. August 2017: Myanmars state media reports ARSA insurgents targeting at least 20 police outposts and an army base in Rakhine State. Military responds with what they describe as clearance operations, burning down villages and triggering a mass exodus of Rohingya to Bangladesh.

There has been a long history of Muslim-Buddhist animosity and clashes in the Rakhine region. The province of Rakhine lay between the largely Islamic eastern part of the suba(province) of Bangal (Bengal) of the Mughal empire and the Buddhist kingdoms of Myanmar. Indian history buffs may note that Shah Shuja the second son of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan fled to Rakhine after the Mughal war of succession following which Aurangazeb became the emperor. The Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims and Rakhine Buddhists have traditionally been on opposing sides. It may be noted that during the second world war, when the Japanese forces occupied Myanmar and Rakhine, the Rakhine Muslims were opposed to it having allied with the British, whereas the Buddhists supported the Japanese (and Netaji Subhass INA).

Following the second world war and the independence of Myanmar, the Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims after having been frustrated in their efforts to have Rakhine merged with East Pakistan, targeted Rakhine Buddhist interests expelling many Rakhine Buddhists from the north. During the early years after Myanmars independence, the Myanmar Military was severely embattled having to counter several ethnic insurgencies across Myanmar. However, by 1962 the Military gradually gained ascendancy over the militant factions all over the country and also amongst the Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims the most formidable of which was the Rakhine Solidarity Organization (RSO), who continued to operate from across the border, from East Pakistan(later Bangladesh). The RSO continued to increase its capabilities throughout the 1980s and 2000s through the assistance of pan Islamic organizations in places such as Libya and Afghanistan. At the same time, the Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims adopted a new identity for themselves called Rohingyas and have tried to demonstrate historic ties with the province of Rakhine; unsuccessfully.

The Government of Myanmar has consistently opposed the self-nominated term of Rohingya because the Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims were primarily sent by the British administration in the period of 1826 to 1948 to further Colonial Britains economic interest of growing rice for exports. The official stance of the Government of Myanmar is that the Rohingya are citizens of Bangladesh, as a result of the British partitioning of their Asian possessions. This has placed them in direct conflict with the foreign policy of Britain and other Anglo-Saxon countries including the USA. Britain has refused to recognize the 1982 citizenship law of the Government of Myanmar under the plea that it was notified during the period of Military Dictatorship in Myanmar. Myanmar has, however, had democratic elections in 2015, where the citizenship law was accepted, in which the present ruling party of National League of Democracy attained majority with a stunning super majority of nearly 80%. NLD leader and Nobel Laureate Daw Aung San Suu Kyi was debarred under Myanmars citizenship laws from Presidency as her husband and children were foreign citizens, and she was appointed to the office of State Counsellor of Myanmar.

Read: Rohingyas pose serious threat to national security, India should never let them in

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi in September 2016 invited Kofi Annan to head a commission to find long-term solutions to deep-seated ethnic and religious divisions in Rakhine. At the request of the government, the commission agreed to exclude both the terms Rohingya and Bengali to refer to the Chittagonian Rakhine Muslims and refer to the respective parties as Rakhine implying Rakhine Buddhists and Muslims. The Kaman Muslims (who came with Shah Shuja) is simply referred to as Kaman.

Even while the Commission was at its work, an emerging terrorist group called the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) led by Rohingya emigres in Saudi Arabia launched deadly attacks on Myanmars Border Guard Police on 9 October 2016 and 12 November 2016 killing several security forces, senior army officers and the civilian population. The Leadership of the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY), and their Pakistan and Saudi Arabia connections are described in detail in the International Crisis groups report- Myanmar: A New Muslim Insurgency in Rakhine State, Asia Report No 283 dated 15 December 2016. The emergence of this new Muslim insurgency Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) later renamed as the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), has been acknowledged to be highly destabilizing by the International Crisis Group and even finds mention in Kofi Annans Advisory Commission on Rakhine State.

Given below are extracts from the Commissions reports that are quite telling about the concerns of the respective groups (Muslims and the Rakhine):

Rakhine also represents a human rights crisis. While all communities have sufferedfrom violence and abuse, protracted statelessness and profound discriminationhave made the Muslim community particularly vulnerable to human rights violations.Some ten percent of the worlds stateless people live in Myanmar, and the Muslimsin Rakhine constitute the single biggest stateless community in the world. Thecommunity faces a number of restrictions which affect basic rights and manyaspects of their daily lives. Approximately 120,000 people are still left in campsfor Internally Displaced People (IDPs). The community has been denied politicalrepresentation and is generally excluded from Myanmars body politic. Efforts bythe Government to verify citizenship claims have failed to win the confidence ofeither Muslim or Rakhine communities.

Finally, Rakhine is also a security crisis. As witnessed by the Commission during itsmany consultations across Rakhine State, all communities harbour deep-seatedfears, with the legacy of the violence of 2012 fresh in many minds. While Muslimsresent continued exclusion, the Rakhine(Buddhist) community worry about becoming a minority in the state in the future. Segregation has worsened the prospects formutual understanding. The Government has to step up its efforts to ensure thatall communities feel safe and in doing so, restore inter-communal cohesion. Timealone will not heal Rakhine.

The Kofi Annan panel had recommended a number of policy considerations for Myanmar Government including a fresh review of the nature of Myanmars Citizenship Act, but evidently, its recommendations did not suit the intent of the Rohingyas. A day after the panel issued its report on 24 August 2017, Rohingya insurgents led by the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) or the ARSA launched coordinated attacks on security forces at over 30 Myanmar Police Posts and an Army Base all across Northern Rakhine State including the townships of Maungdaw, Buthidaung and Rathedaung. On the same day, the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) also attacked Hindu villages in a cluster known as Kha Maung Seik in the northern Maungdaw District and massacred 99 Bengali Hindu villagers.

It is worth pausing for a moment, to try to understand the intent of this massacre of a community who were also Rohingyas and of the same stock as the Chittagonian Bengalis but just did not happen to be Muslims!

The International Crisis Group notes the following:

ARSA is well aware that their latest attacks are likely to provoke a strong military response and political backlash, as they did in 2016, which will greatly harm Rohingya villagers. That almost certainly is its aim. Despite its claim that it is protecting the Rohingya, it knows that it is provoking the security forces into a heavy-handed military response, hoping that this will further alienate Rohingya communities, drive support for ARSA, and place the spotlight of the world back on military abuses in northern Rakhine state. A disproportionate military response without any overarching political strategy once again will play directly into ARSAs hands.

Expectedly the counteroffensive launched by the Myanmar Army on the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) triggered a mass exodus of close to a million Rohingyas northwards across the river Naf into the Chittagong Hill tracts of Bangladesh.

The bias and one-sided nature of reporting in favour of the Rohingyas and against the Myanmar Government and Military by the Western News Media are quite revealing, prompting Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to label them as a huge iceberg of misinformation. UNHCRs Zaid Raad Al Hussain, on the other hand, has referred to the military action as A textbook example of Ethnic Cleansing. Matters inevitably came up in the Security Council where condemnation of Myanmar had to be blocked by Russia and China (veto-wielding members!). At this 8133rd meeting of the UN Security Council on 12 December 2017, the representative of the Russian Federation, Vassily Nebenzia, observed the following during the course of the discussion on The Situation in Myanmar:

In our view, what is needed most of all in order to agree on a settlement of the situation of mass movements of people across the Myanmar-Bangladesh border is goodwill on the part of both States. Unfortunately, it will be impossible to re-solve matters if the two of them cannot come to a rapprochement on this age-old problem, whose foundation was laid in the previous century by a colonial administration, with its arbitrary drawing of borders and shifting of populations from one part of its colonial dominions to another. The role of the international community, including the United Nations, should be to assist bilateral efforts to surmount this crisis and its consequences.

Clearly, these facts are not of the liking of either the Anglo Saxon media or Britain whose main effort continues to be to isolate Myanmar.

Nevertheless, in 2018 the Myanmar Government formed an Independent Commission of Enquiry, in response to international calls for accountability to probe the circumstances leading to an exodus of the Rohingyas, under the Chair Person-ship of former Deputy Foreign Minister of Philippines, Hon. Rosario Manalo and its report came out on 20 January 2020. The report stated as follows:

There is insufficient evidence to argue, much less conclude, that the crimes committed were undertaken with the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, or with any other requisite mental state for the international crime of genocide

The release of the long-awaited report came just a few days shy of the International Court of Justices ruling on 23 January 2020, whether to approve The Gambias request that provisional measures be taken against Myanmar. The small Central African nation had filed a lawsuit with the court accusing Myanmar of committing genocide against the Rohingya (following approval) at the behest of 57 members of the Organization of Islamic Countries. One is only led to wonder as to why neither Bangladesh nor Malaysia, the two Islamic neighbours of Myanmar and surely aware of ground realities, have the guts to file the suit at ICJ.

The ICJ directive on January 23, 2020, to the Myanmar Government, as reported in the Myanmar Times is reproduced below:

The court ordered Myanmar to follow four provisional measures

1. to prevent the commission of all acts in the Genocide Convention against the Muslim group;2. ensure that the military and any of its directed or supported organisations do not commit genocidal actions;3. take effective measures to prevent the destruction and ensure the preservation of evidence of genocide crimes,4. and provide a report on its action to the Court within four months and then every six months until the case closes.The courts president, Judge Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf, said the ICJ is of the opinion that the Muslim minority in northern Rakhine remain extremely vulnerable.

The crisis in the Rakhine region of Myanmar has important lessons for India. Not only is the region in the doorstep of Indias North East, but as is well known in India the continuous flow of illegal Bangladeshi immigrants may turn into the more dangerous flood of Rohingyas a group of which the Harakah al-Yaqin (HaY) or ARSA is known to have participated in mass murder of Hindus in Kha Maung Seik.

1. Western Anglo Saxon Media, in particular, has a vested interest to perpetuate the deceit of the western democracies being anchored in liberal values, but when it comes to unrestrained immigration in their own countries, the clinching poster from the Brexit referendum proves otherwise:

2. Unfortunately, the experience of the Rohingyas demonstrating allegiance to far away Pakistan across generations from 1948 has a familiar echo in India. Both the Central and State Government organizations and media will do well not to hide this fact given that it has been widely reported by even the biased western media.

3. As Law and Order is a state subject in India, if certain state governments turn a blind eye to illegal immigration, it exposes India itself to a dangerous turn of events as happened in Rakhine when the two-centuries-old problem of settlement Bengalis by colonial Britain finally erupted into tragedy. It is the duty of every citizen and community to prevent corrupt politicians from undermining India by appeasement and exploitation for vote bank politics.

4. There is a great deal of parallel within India with Rakhine, from the erstwhile state and now Union Territory of J&K in how a radicalised Islamic population baits the governments agencies and even civilian population it considers adversarial. In the 1990s the Hindu population of Kashmiri Pandits were evicted out of the vale of Kashmiri following threats and unrestrained bloodbath. In the last decade displays of ISIS flags after Friday Sermons, organized abuse and stone-throwing at the Indian Security Forces had become the norm. The World Media literally gloats on these incidents and their strident condemnation is only reserved for the government and security forces when they carry out any action that falls against the pseudo-moral benchmarks they have crafted for non-western nations. Media condemnation is quickly followed in an escalating scale from the usual suspect quarters of UNHCR, UN Security Council, ICJ all which have lost any ethical moorings that had been envisaged at the time of their foundation. This lyrical waxing expectedly goes silent from about worst genocides happening in the world such as in Yemen or against the Yazidis or Kurdish population. It is the case of Might is right! The Indian government needs to carefully consider this pattern of double standards and train Indias Security Forces accordingly and only deploy them as a last resort with non-high impact weaponry.

5. The parallel with J&K also extends to the state of West Bengal which is beset with changing demographics in villages due to unrestrained illegal immigration from Bangladesh. The tactics of these illegals are the same as in Northern Rakhine where Buddhist villagers were steadily pushed to the south with the intent of creating an ungoverned space or to merge the territory with East Pakistan. Luckily for Myanmar, the present government of Bangladesh has not shown any appetite for falling prey to the machinations of the Rohingyas who had supported West Pakistan. Britains strident condemnation of Myanmars Citizenship Law and the Western Anglo-Saxon medias comparison of same with Indias Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA) and National Register of Citizenship (NRC), has lessons of grave import for our nation. There is a great deal of unease amongst the erstwhile colonial powers primarily Britain about its adverse legacy and footprint in India, Pakistan, Myanmar and Palestine. While the powers of Britain and these western nations are greatly diminished, they cannot be dismissed altogether due to the clout wielded in the UN Security Council and their damage potential in being able to adversely influence the USA with regards to its foreign policy. Therefore while the Indian Government needs to play the parliamentary democracy rule book consummately it needs to demonstrate iron-fisted will and determination in handling re-calcitrant state governments who unknowingly or willingly put Indias security at risk. Such state governments should be dismissed for jeopardizing the safety and security of India the moment they cross the Rubicon of disobeying Parliamentary laws on CAA and NRC.

6. Lastly, Indias defence lies best in the hands of its citizens and their will to strive for the unity of this great free-spirited nation, who are neither beholden to colonial Britain nor a band or grouping (religious or political), who only have an agenda to fulfil.

References:

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arakan2. https://edition.cnn.com/2017/11/12/asia/rohingya-crisis-timeline/index.html3. https://www.soas.ac.uk/sbbr/editions/file64388.pdf4. https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-east-asia/myanmar/283-myanmar-new-muslim-insurgency-rakhine-state5. http://www.rakhinecommission.org/app/uploads/2017/08/FinalReport_Eng.pdf6. https://www.crisisgroup.org/asia/south-east-asia/myanmar/myanmar-tips-new-crisis-after-rakhine-state-attacks7. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/790310/Burma_-_Rohingya_-_CPIN_-_v2.0__March_2019_.pdf9. https://www.mmtimes.com/news/world-court-orders-myanmar-prevent-acts-genocide.html

An Engineer by profession and a Bharatiya inspired by the greatness of Sanatan Dharma and the heroes who sacrificed their lives for the defence of this ageless nation. The future of Bharat Varsha depends on our strength and commitment and we will ensure that we do not fail our motherland. Jai Shri Ram

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CAA, NRC and Lessons for the Government of India from the Rohingya crisis - OpIndia