Privately-owned rocket testing comes to Australia – Aerospace Testing International

Australia is hosting its first international rocket testing program through a partnership with UK company Raptor Aerospace, Queensland-based launch provider Black Sky Aerospace.

The test program at Beyond the Blue Aerospaces sub-orbital launch facility just outside of Goondiwindi in Queenslands outback is planned to start later this month. The Raptor Aerospace teams campaign to test and qualify their own launch vehicles and systems will be Australias first privately operated, international rocket motor test and sounding rocket launch campaign.

Land-based rocket testing, where test engineers want to recover the launch systems for analysis, is less difficult in the remote parts of Australia than in the UK because of the lower population density and less busy airspace. Beyond the Blue Aerospace is also able to provide a large launch and recovery area.

The project follows the UK Space Agency and Australian Space Agency recent announcement of a partnership designed to open up new trade opportunities.

Ben Jarvis, CEO of Raptor Aerospace, said, Whilst the development of the new space-ports in the UK will ultimately allow some of our commercial activity to occur on home soil, many customer payloads and test flights, where recovery of sensitive electronics after flight is critical, will need a land range to fly from.

Black Sky Aerospace have offered us access to a suitable inland site and invaluable expertise that we hope will lead to an ongoing commercial collaboration that forwards space access in both countries.

Blake Nikolic, CEO and founder of Black Sky Aerospace, said, Australia is playing an increasing role in the worlds space ambitions and we are playing a significant role in enabling access to an efficient, cost-effective service

This campaign with Raptor Aerospace will drive additional export opportunities of Black Sky Aerospaces technology, whilst solidifying Australias position as the place to conduct research and testing, before undertaking expensive orbital launches, continued Nikolic.

Raptor Aerospace provides practical training, simulation and small launch vehicles to the space industry and are developing a launch service for small payloads it intends to offer next year. Black Sky Aerospace is an aerospace manufacturer and launch provider based in Australia. Beyond the Blue Aerospace is a not-for-profit organization created to facilitate test rocket launches.

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Privately-owned rocket testing comes to Australia - Aerospace Testing International

We Talk Giant V-Shaped Airships, Space, And Phoenix Lights With JP Aerospace’s Founder – The Drive

Unfortunately, a DoD document from 2012 states that the test flights of the NSMV that JP Aerospace built for the Air Force Space Battlelab were canceled due to issues with the craft's propulsion system and failed launches. In Floating to Space, John Powell writes that the 175-foot Ascender built for the NSMV project was destroyed "during a high wind accident while being prepared for its first flight." The Air Force terminated the program in 2005.

While lighter-than-air craft dont get the attention that traditional high-performance aircraft do, they nonetheless remain a vital subject of aerospace research within the Department of Defense, according to a 2012 report prepared by the Rapid Reaction Technology Office, part of the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. The report discussed airship technologies that the Department of Defense's laboratories and contractors were developing or had developed at the time that enable viable lighter-than-air vehicles to contribute to our short, mid, and long term strategy for national security and defense and offered advanced intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and communications capabilities through integrated sensor payloads and on-board processing for real-time intelligence and post-mission forensics.

The report also noted that advances and investment in aerostat and airship technology are also being made in the private sector and that the DoD is monitoring this progress and will continue to look for opportunities to advance our objectives through commercially available technology. In addition to JP Aerospace, the report discussed recent airship platforms designed and constructed by the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy, U.S. Army, the Defense Research Projects Agency (DARPA), NASA, Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, and other aerospace contractors.

A 2013 report that the Rapid Reaction Technology Office prepared added that "as the U.S. engaged in conflicts where airspace was less contested, such as Iraq and Afghanistan, interest increased in the development and use of LTA [lighter than air] vehicles for multiple purposes." Forward operating bases and small tactical units used tethered aerostats for persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) during Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom, demonstrating the fact that airships and aerostats still have a use on the battlefield, especially low altitude ones. America's potential foes have followed suit in recent years.

While the Department of Defense still employs lighter-than-air vehicles primarily for ISR missions, many DoD laboratories are working towards developing hybrid airships for logistic airlift missions. As the armed forces continue their pivot towards space, companies like JP Aerospace that are willing to explore the possibilities of lighter-than-air spaceflight and find new paradigms will be increasingly important.

There is also great potential for replacing or augmenting communications satellite networks with LTA craft. This could be a key area of research and development for the DoD as space becomes increasingly contested and new issues arise such as orbital pollution. There is already precedent in the commercial sector for such LTA-based communication networks, such as the Loon project launched by Google's parent company Alphabet, Inc. Loon uses high-altitude balloons flying up to 11 miles up in the stratosphere to provide wireless broadband internet to those on the surface below.

With all this in mind, lighter-than-air flight is undergoing something of a modern renaissance, but the leap from more terrestrial uses to taking payloads into space certainly signifies the apex of imagination when it comes to what is the oldest form of non-organic flight. We can only hope that JP Aerospace continues to push the boundaries of airship-to-orbit technology so that maybe one day we all may be able to float to orbital space stations aboard massive V-shaped airships.

Contact the editor: Tyler@thedrive.com

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We Talk Giant V-Shaped Airships, Space, And Phoenix Lights With JP Aerospace's Founder - The Drive

When ballistic protection is a must – Aerospace Manufacturing

Permali Gloucester is a world leader in the manufacture of composite materials for the aerospace and defence markets, Ian Parker hears more about the companys ballistic protection solutions.

Military helicopters are often tasked to go where no other military vehicle could venture. They are excellent for putting personnel and equipment right into the action and for getting them out again. But they are vulnerable to attack by weapons including small arms. Complete protection is impossible, but it is possible to go some way towards it with ballistic protection material on some parts of the aircraft.

In the Vietnam war, the US lost about 5,000 helicopters to small-arms fire. This is defined as munitions containing projectiles that are 0.5 inches or less in calibre and no longer than approximately 4 inches. They are fired from various sizes of weapons, such as pistols, carbines, rifles, automatic rifles, shotguns, and machine guns.

Permalis water jet cutting in action

For example, last June a French Aerospatiale SA341 Gazelle observation and light attack helicopter crashed during operations in North Africa. The French Army Light Aviation (Aviation Lgre de LArme de Terre: ALAT) helicopter was reportedly hit by small-arms fire while flying near the border of Mali and Niger on Operation Barkhane. All three personnel onboard were immediately rescued.

Following a controlled crash landing, the two pilots were strapped to the landing gear of an Airbus Tiger attack helicopter. The third person, a special forces soldier, destroyed the damaged Gazelle before being rescued in another helicopter. France has been engaged in a counter-terrorism campaign throughout the Sahel-Sahara region of northern Africa since 2012, with helicopters supporting the core of combat and air mobility operations.

Helicopters are expensive and complex and their vulnerability has led to controversy in recent years. The downing of them with rounds less than half an inch in diameter does not sit well with the military top brass, the bill payers or the people on board. These days, ballistic protection is a must on military rotorcraft.

Making material gains

The UKs Permali is an expert in this and recently won a 2 million contract to supply ballistic protection to the Royal Navys Commando Merlin Mk4 helicopters. The contract is with Leonardo, which builds the rotorcraft, and covers 12 ship sets as well as some spares. It will keep Permali busy till the end of March and result in some six new jobs. So, what is the protection made from and how is it produced?

The core functional material is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite effectively polyethylene fibres arranged in multiple layers and cross-plied, begins company special projects director, Nick Baird. They are processed at high pressure and temperature using a multi-daylight platen press. This consolidates the material into a panel. The material is Honeywell Spectra Shield, although Permali also uses the competing DSM Dyneema product for other projects.

Permali then bonds on GRP skins to provide impact and wear resistance. The company uses a water jet cutter to create the various panel sizes and shapes. They are nested together on the pressed panels so that material utilisation is as high as possible. Nesting software is used to get the most efficient arrangement. The material is expensive, so waste is kept to a minimum. The edges are sealed and various inserts are added for attachment points to the aircraft.

Up to this point, manufacturing is machine intensive, but then it becomes more labour intensive with the finishing operations sealing the edges, boding in inserts, painting, etc.

Nick Baird, special projects director at Permali, holding a panel for a Merlin Mk4

Permali has supplied previous generations of the Merlin with similar kits as well as RAF Pumas and Chinooks. The company has also supplied Boeing for some of its export customers of the Chinook.

The protection is modular, allowing different role fits according to mission. It can add up to around 450kg to the weight of the aircraft, but Permali is not allowed to say what calibre of round the panels will stop. Thats classified. The panels are about a third of the weight of steel ones for the same level of protection.

The fibres have very high tensile strength and the faster they are stretched, the stronger they get. When the round hits, the panel deforms and absorbs the energy.

We are delighted to continue our close relationship with Leonardo Helicopters, and are honoured to be entrusted with the protection of British military personnel. The majority of the UKs Joint Helicopter Command aircraft rely on Permalis composite ballistic protection expertise, including the Chinook, Puma and Merlin fleets.

The strongest link

Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene is a type of polyolefin. It is made up of extremely long chains of polyethylene, which all align in the same direction. It derives its strength largely from the length of each individual molecule (chain).

The bonds between the molecules are relatively weak for each atom of overlap between the molecules, but because the molecules are very long, large overlaps can exist, giving the ability to carry larger shear forces from molecule to molecule. Each chain is bonded to the others with so many Van der Waals bonds that the whole of the inter-molecular strength is high. In this way, large tensile loads are not limited as much by the comparative weakness of each Van der Waals bond.

When formed into fibres, the polymer chains can attain a parallel orientation greater than 95% and a level of crystallinity from 39% to 75%. In contrast, Kevlar derives its strength from strong bonding between relatively short molecules.

The need for ballistic protection on military helicopters is clear, but it may be increasingly applicable to civil and para-public helicopters in areas where guns are numerous. The panels are positioned mainly to protect the occupants so flooring and doors are frequently involved, but other vital systems on the rotorcraft may also be protected as a round through a fuel line or electrical system can lead to an aircraft being lost.

Helicopters are often on the front line and are very much in harms way aircraft. Ballistic protection is one of several techniques for aiding their survival.

http://www.permali.co.uk

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When ballistic protection is a must - Aerospace Manufacturing

Advanced Materials Push the Envelope in Aerospace Assembly – Assembly Magazine

Materials are important in every industry. But, theyre critical to aerospace manufacturers. If companies select the wrong material for a particular application, it can have catastrophic consequences.

Commercial and military aircraft are subjected to a wide variety of harsh conditions, such as atmospheric forces, temperature extremes and ultraviolet rays. Materials become even more complex and challenging when spacecraft are involved.

Aerospace engineers face many unique challenges. For instance, planes experience temperature changes between 20 and -40 C every time they take off and land, with huge differences in pressure and humidity. Materials need to withstand water condensing and freezing inside fuselages. They also need to endure lightning strikes and electromagnetic interferences.

A century ago, first-generation aerospace engineers were busy developing metal airframes and wings to replace flimsy wood fuselages and fabric-covered wings. As aircraft climbed higher and faster, aluminum eventually became the go-to material.

Today, aluminum is still widely used in aerospace applications, but advanced carbon-fiber composites and superalloys now captivate the attention of engineers scrambling to increase efficiency, optimize performance and reduce weight.

Replacing heavier materials is easier said than done. It requires the development of viable alternatives with lower densities and higher strengths. Many aerospace engineers are scrambling to find new production processes and assembly techniques to cost-effectively join dissimilar materials.

Materials use in the aerospace industry is extremely complex, because manufacturers must often support legacy programs at the same time that they are developing new aircraft, says George Nick Bullen, technical fellow at Northrop Grumman Aerospace Systems.

For instance, in the defense sector, companies are typically engaged in aircraft modifications and updates that rely on traditional materials, explains Bullen. At the same time, manufacturers are constantly working on new programs that demand cutting-edge products.

Once materials are qualified, you generally dont change, claims Bullen. Therefore, older military aircraft, such as the F-18, use a mix of aluminum, composites and titanium. But, on the latest aircraft designs, composites are increasingly the dominant material. This recent trend has enabled engineers to produce airframes without the need for numerous fasteners, which is a big cost contributor because of issues related to drilling, filling and countersinking holes.

When fasteners are used to join traditional materials, there are more holes to drill and fill. By bonding a composite structure together, aerospace engineers eliminate those headaches.

Fasteners create numerous issues relating to tolerance and destacking, Bullen points out. They also contribute to lost-time injuries and defects.

However, composites have limits, warns Bullen. For instance, all hot spots, such as engine-fuselage interfaces or engine exhaust points, must be metal. Wing attach points also still contain a lot of metal, due to the high levels of stress that occur there.

As the aerospace industry continues to develop new types of aircraft ranging from hypersonic missiles to battery-powered urban air mobility vehicles, lightweight materials will ultimately determine their success or failure.

Flight systems are becoming more and more high-speed, even going into hypersonic systems, which are five times the speed of sound, says Richard Liang, director of the High-Performance Materials Institute at Florida State University. When you have speeds that high, theres more heat on a surface. Therefore, we need a much better thermal protection system.

The world of aerospace increasingly relies on carbon-fiber reinforced polymer composites to build the structures of satellites, rockets and jet aircraft, explains Liang. But, the life of those materials is limited by how they handle heat.

Liang and his colleagues have been experimenting with using carbon nanotubes to develop a new type of heat shield that protects hypersonic aircraft.

Existing heat shields are often very thick compared to the base they protect, Liang points out. [Our new design] lets engineers build a very thin shield, like a sort of skin that protects the aircraft and helps support its structure.

Integrating graphene and related materials into fiber-reinforced composites has great potential to improve weight and strength, and [it can] help overcome bottlenecks limiting the application of these [materials] in planes, claims Vincenzo Palermo, vice director of the Graphene Flagship, a European organization that is working with manufacturers such as Airbus.

Graphene-integrated composites are constructed by introducing thin graphene sheets, a few billionths of a meter thick, into hierarchical fiber composites as a nanoadditive that improves the materials mechanical properties.

Graphenes high aspect ratio, high flexibility and mechanical strength enable it to enhance the strength of weak points in these composites, such as at the interface between two different components, explains Palermo. Its tunable surface chemistry also means that interactions with the carbon fiber and polymer matrix can be adjusted as needed.

The fiber, polymer matrix and graphene layers all work together to distribute mechanical stress, resulting in a material with improved strength.

Whether the goal is to achieve lower weight, increase fatigue life or enable higher heat resistance, material advancements are critical to increasing aircraft performance, says Michael Eff, applications engineer at EWI. However, new materials come with a wealth of new challenges.

According to Eff, the biggest development in aerospace materials during the last five years has been the growing use of powder-based alloys and the joining of carbon-fiber composites to metals such as titanium.

Today, Eff says more aerospace manufacturers are looking at ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) and metal matrix composites (MMCs). CMCs offer elevated temperature options over conventional alloys, he explains. MMCs offer a weight savings without sacrificing performance.

CMCs are ideal for jet engine applications. They are made of coated ceramic fibers surrounded by a ceramic matrix. They are tough, lightweight and capable of withstanding temperatures 300 to 400 F hotter than metal alloys can endure.

A critical issue for wider use of CMC is the development of cheap, user-friendly joining methods to assemble large components into more complex structures, says Alber Sadek, technology lead for materials engineering at EWI. [That requires] joint properties comparable to base materials, including good mechanical strength, oxidation and corrosion resistance, good thermal shock resistance and leak-tight joints.

In many elevated temperature applications using CMC, there is a requirement to join them to other materials, such as metals, adds Sadek. Brazing is a highly effective joining technique for many ceramic-metal joint systems. However, the differences in coefficients of thermal expansion between CMC and metal require specialized approaches to accommodate the mechanical stresses introduced by joining.

In addition to brazing, Sadek says other CMC joining methods include diffusion bonding, reaction forming, microwave joining, electron beam joining and selective area laser deposition.

The mismatch in material properties and metallurgical incompatibility makes joining CMCs and MMCs difficult, warns Eff. Carbon fibers are difficult to join to any material, as there isnt much experience with the materials. Joining MMCs to traditional aluminum alloys is difficult, because fusion techniques dont provide the desired mechanical properties.

Interfaces have always been the Achilles heel for any system of materials or composite concepts, adds Timothy Bunning, Ph.D., chief scientist in the materials and manufacturing directorate at the Air Force Research Laboratory. Novel [manufacturing and design] tools are being explored.

[Were also exploring] nondestructive evaluation tools to certify structural performance in dissimilar materials, such as polymer matrix, ceramic matrix and metal-ceramic composites, says Bunning. The convergence of automation, big data and high efficiency computational tools is allowing for the exploration of systems with many elements via a smart, efficient, calculated manner vs. the historical empirical test methodology.

The method of materials discovery and design is becoming digital, and will exponentially accelerate as diverse experimental techniques, modeling approaches and databases are integrated into a future materials cloud, predicts Bunning.

During the past two decades, carbon-fiber composite has transformed aerospace manufacturing. The lightweight material is now found in a wide variety of applications, including fuselages, wings, bulkheads, overhead storage bins and other components.

Composites are here to stay, claims Bullen. I dont see any new materials emerging during the next 15 to 20 years. In fact, were just beginning to realize the benefit of fibers.

For instance, aerospace engineers have been learning how to orient fibers to achieve flexible control surfaces that could eventually replace traditional wing flaps, explains Bullen. Instead of mechanical, linear-activated control surfaces, fiber is enabling them to experiment with wing warping.

However, composites still present many unique challenges to aerospace engineers.

We can age-test aluminum and titanium, but theres no way to age-test composites, which tend to have a rapid failure rate, Bullen points out. And, although adhesive bonding is widely used to join composites, engineers still default to fasteners when assembling dissimilar materials.

In addition, bonded wings cannot handle the atmospheric and temperature extremes found at high altitudes, says Bullen. Aerospace engineers are always looking for composites that can withstand higher temperatures. Material properties have been improving, but not by leaps and bounds.

Aerospace manufacturers also face many pesky issues when creating molds to make components.

When you lay up a composite part, thickness can vary by 5 percent, laments Bullen. That creates big challenges when you try to mate airflow surfaces that dont have gaps or steps. In fact, thats the big benefit of using aluminum; you always get smooth surfaces and tolerances.

But, there have been some recent breakthroughs in the variability of composite materials that hold promise, says Bullen. For instance, engineers at Vanderbilt University are working on some interesting ways to maintain consistency.

Another recent innovation that is improving composite manufacturing is Ascent Aerospaces HyVarC (Hybrid InVar and Composite mold) process. Its a cost-effective, light weight, short lead time process for producing layup tooling for prototype and development applications.

HyVarC combines a thin Invar backup structure and facesheet with a bonded, high-temperature composite working surface, says Marisa Bennett, marketing manager at Ascent Aerospace. The resulting tool is 50 percent lighter with a 20 percent shorter lead-time than a traditional Invar layup mold, while maintaining the same superior vacuum integrity and dimensional precision.

Elements of HyVarC tools lend themselves to reduced cost and lead-time, as well as increased tool flexibility, claims Bennett. Cost and lead-time are always key drivers in the tooling market, but one of the biggest customer impacts that weve seen is flexibility and reconfigurability.

A major factor in aircraft development cycles is the tooling lead-time and the impact of surface changes on that tooling, explains Bennett. For some programs, ordering an entirely new tool is either too expensive or takes too much time, which can hamper the process in many ways.

At half the thickness of a traditional mold, the thin Invar backup structure takes less time to weld and manufacture. It serves as both the master mold and the deliverable mold, eliminating the time and cost of creating a second composite backup structure. Lead times can be reduced by at least 20 percent compared to an all-Invar or all-composite tool.

The machined composite working surface offers better dimensional accuracy than net-mold composite tooling, while the Invar structure provides vacuum integrity and durability, adds Bennett. A part fabricated on a HyVarC mold is bagged to the Invar face sheet, which provides vacuum reliability that is independent of the composite surface and does not degrade with age or thermal cycling.

We have seen a steady increase in the use of HyVarC tooling by our customer base, with over 40 tools built and delivered since this product hit the market, says Bennett. Our shop has fabricated a variety of shapes and sizes, from small, complex fairings and access panels to large wing skins and fuselage components.

HyVarC tools are now capable of having any feature of a full production tooling system, claims Bennett. That includes edge bars, drilling features and an integral vacuum to simplify part manufacture.

More importantly, weve developed a bismaleimide composite working surface that is ideal for higher temperature (425 F or higher) operations, notes Bennett. This surface is more robust than the standard epoxy option and brings the HyVarC solution to production programs, as well as development ones.

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Advanced Materials Push the Envelope in Aerospace Assembly - Assembly Magazine

Mason City Winnebago River work improves transit and safety, still in progress – Mason City Globe Gazette

OSAGE | Local anglers had an opportunity to hear about the mystery fish" -- also known more commonly as the muskie, from Levi Nettleton, recent naturalist intern with Mitchell County Conservation.

Nettleton, who will be a senior science education major at the University of Northern Iowa this fall, told attendees muskies are known as the mystery fish because of their unpredictability.

Muskies are very unpredictable, he said. You can find them in waters that are 6 inches to a 100 feet deep. They look like a pike, but they have six teeth instead of five teeth like northern, and northern are spotted.

Nettleton said a female Muskie can lay up to 265,000 eggs, but their survival rate is very low. They spawn best in water temps of 55 to 65 degrees, laying their eggs randomly in shallow waters where predators can consume the eggs.

Many fishermen believe the muskie is a major consumer of other game fish such as bass and walleye, but they are apt to eat softer fish like bullheads and minnows, Nettleton said, noting they also eat insects, crayfish, small mammals and waterfowl.

"Many believe they are aggressive, but that isnt true, unless they are feeding," he said. "They are complicated for naturalists to study.

Nettleton said Muskies habitats also vary, meaning they can be found in weeds like tobacco cabbage or 30 feet deep in open water.He said fisherman can find them in different places throughout the year.

Nettleton shared his enthusiasm for catching the large game fish, something he started four years ago.

Once you do it, it can become an addiction," he said. "There's a lot of skill in muskie fishing, and sometimes, muskies are called the fish of a 100,000 casts.

Nettletons study has rewarded him well, as he caught and released 36 muskies last year and 12 so far this year.

Fishermen seeking muskies typically use 7- to 10-foot rods, according to Nettleton. He uses a 300- to 400-foot reel with 22 pounds of drag, with 50-100 braid line and steel or fluorocarbon leaders.

He also carries needle-nosed pliers longer than 8 inches and a rubberized net, so he doesn't harm the Muskie.

He gave some additional pointers:

Leave the catch in the water and support and release it when the fish is calm.

Cut the hook if the fish has been deep-hooked.

Don't fish over 80 degrees.

If trolling, start at 2 mph, increasing to 4 mph.

Do figure-eights to attract muskies.

Nettleton, who whose biggest catch was 53 inches long, said there are Muskies in the Cedar, Iowa, Shell Rock, and Winnebago rivers, as well as in Clear Lake.

The largest populations of muskies are in Minnesota, according to Nettleton, where the largest caught was 56 inches long and weighed 54 pounds.

North Iowa anglers have landed some big fish over the years, reeling in massive walleyes, northern pike, catfish and muskies. This gallery con

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Mason City Winnebago River work improves transit and safety, still in progress - Mason City Globe Gazette

Tree trimmers are making progress in ash borer battle – KELOLAND.com

SIOUX FALLS, SD (KELO) The buzz of chainsaws echoes through Sioux Falls neighborhoods this winter as crews try to keep ahead of the emerald ash borer. Tree service companies have been busy cutting down ash trees to prevent the spread of the troublesome bug.

Carving through ash trees in the biting cold.

It slows the hydraulics down a bit, but not too bad, Cody Pomerenke of Midwest Tree Service said.

The tall timber takes a tumble in this southwest Sioux Falls neighborhood.

Usually, we can just flop them right down onto the street and then we chunk them up, Pomerenke said

Tree trimmers are taking advantage of this seasonal window of opportunity to remove hundreds of ash trees in the city. The emerald ash borer is dormant at this time of year, so theres no risk of them moving from tree to tree once their winter home is cut down.

It will spread on its own, we dont want to give it any help, City of Sioux Falls Park Operation Manager Kelby Mieras said.

The spread of the emerald ash borer is being described as very slow. City officials credit that to prompt tree removal and homeowners treating their ash trees. The mild winter has helped, too.

While todays not stellar weather to be removing trees, its a whole lot better to work in and the crews and the contractors are making great progress, Mieras said.

Tree trimmers have until Memorial Day to finish their work for the year. After that, the ash borers become active again and the chainsaws will be idled through the summer.

The Citys goal is removing 2,100 trees before summer. Right now, theyre nearly a third of the way there, with some 600 trees cut down.

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Tree trimmers are making progress in ash borer battle - KELOLAND.com

Citizens hear update on progress of $1.2 billion Silver Line project – Community Impact Newspaper

Vice President of Capital Construction John Rhone spoke about the Silver Line project at the Feb. 6 meeting. (Makenzie Plusnick/Community Impact)

The 26-mile passenger rail will span from Shiloh Road in Plano to the Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport. Construction of the line, which will run through seven cities, is expected to be complete by December 2022. In Richardson, the Silver Line will stop at a new station at UT Dallas and at the existing CityLine/Bush station.

In the first quarter of this year, crews are working to relocate wet and dry utilities and construct retainer walls, DART Public Relations and Communication Officer Marvin Jackson said.

It is industry practice to begin work on a project this size while design is still underway, according to DART spokesperson Gordon Shattles. The final design for the Silver Line is expected to be delivered during the third quarter of 2021.

Vice President of Capital Construction John Rhone spoke about the new self-propelled diesel multiple-unit vehicles that would be used on the Silver Line. The vehicles will be more environmentally and community friendly, he said.

We considered different types of diesel vehicles; we considered electric vehicles similar to light rail, and this is the vehicle that we chose, Rhone said.

The trains will have 230 seats as well as room for 250 standing passengers. They will also have automatic passenger counters and closed-circuit television systems, Rhone said.

DART police will be present on every train and strategically stationed at different stations along the line, Rhone said.

The transit agency is attempting to mitigate sound emitted by trains through the use of heating, ventilation and air conditioning closures, which Rhode said is one of the noisier components of existing DART vehicles. New wheel skirts should also reduce noise, he added.

Residential neighborhoods will be designated as quiet zones, or areas where trains will not activate their horns. However, Rhone said horns will be required during the testing phase.

A 26-mile hike-and-bike trail along the rail is at 10% design completion, Rhone said. DART is still in negotiations with Archer Western Herzog, the company contracted to design and build the trail, Rhone said. The project is funded through an interlocal agreement with the North Central Texas Council of Governments.

I really can't get into a lot of details outside of that because we are in negotiations as far as pricing, but know that we are working very hard to deliver this trail, Rhone said.

For dates of upcoming Silver Line community meetings, visit this link.

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Citizens hear update on progress of $1.2 billion Silver Line project - Community Impact Newspaper

The US military has made progress in ending racial discrimination. The rest of our country must as well. – Brookings Institution

The United States has a longstanding legacy of systematic racism that dates back centuries. This pervasive system has impacted our public policy, laws, and interactions with the communities around us. My time in the military has allowed me to see firsthand how the barrier of racial discrimination can be brought down within institutions. I hope to see the same change across the United States.

Brookings has taken powerful stances on race, equality, and civil rights, and will continue to do so in the present and the future. We are in the position to produce impactful scholarship that creates a difference in the issues of race and discrimination.

Brookings is a nonpartisan institution, but it is not values-neutral.

Like Trumans military desegregation order, leadership against racism starts at the top

A note from Brookings President John R. Allen on the release of our workforce demographic data

Not just a typographical change: Why Brookings is capitalizing Black

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The US military has made progress in ending racial discrimination. The rest of our country must as well. - Brookings Institution

Krewson vetoes bill that said McKee NorthSide project making "satisfactory progress" – STLtoday.com

The Tucker Boulevard entrance to St. Louis City Hall.

ST. LOUIS Mayor Lyda Krewson wants a rewrite of a city report that listed developer Paul McKees massive north St. Louis redevelopment plan as among those making satisfactory progress.

She does not believe that accurately reflects the circumstances, the mayors chief of staff, Steve Conway, said. She just wants it accurately portrayed.

Krewson vetoed a measure passed last month by the Board of Aldermen that reported on 21 projects that over the years had gotten tax-increment financing, or TIF, incentives from the city.

Krewsons administration in 2018 sought to cancel the citys 2009 development agreement with NorthSide Regeneration, citing a lack of progress and the developers use of a now-lapsed state tax credit program.

The city move sparked lawsuits pitting McKees largest creditor a Washington, Missouri, bank against the city.

Asked whether the administration was concerned that approval of a satisfactory designation could be cited in the litigation, Conway responded: That would probably be something we would think about.

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Krewson vetoes bill that said McKee NorthSide project making "satisfactory progress" - STLtoday.com

Charging ahead on electric vehicles: 2020 EV100 Progress and Insights Report – The Climate Group

With transport now accounting for a quarter of global emissions, businesses are increasingly seizing the opportunity to lead on tackling the climate crisis by switching their vehicle fleets to electric.

Charging ahead on electric fleets: Will automakers keep pace with corporate demand? is the 2020 EV100 Progress and Insights Annual Report from The Climate Group, tracking the progress of more than 60 global companies as they transition to electric mobility.

It shows that corporate and leasing fleet commitments will see the roll-out of more than 2.5 million zero-emission vehicles by 2030 saving 42 million metric tons CO2e, the annual emissions of 11 coal power plants. Companies are making good progress toward their goals and have already rolled out more than 80,000 EVs and nearly 10,000 charge points for employees and customers.

However, the report also shows that a lack of EV supply is the biggest barrier to faster progress for 79% of EV100 members up by a third from last year.

As more and more companies join EV100 and commit to go electric by 2030, automakers must turbo charge EV supply to meet the growing demand and governments must deliver supportive policies.

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Charging ahead on electric vehicles: 2020 EV100 Progress and Insights Report - The Climate Group

Buttigieg Touts Progress Connecting With Black Fortune 500 Executives – The Onion

SOUTH BEND, INAddressing concerns over his campaigns marked lack of inclusion, Democratic presidential candidate Pete Buttigieg touted significant progress he made Friday connecting with black Fortune 500 executives. Ive heard your concerns, and over the past few weeks, Ive made great efforts to not just talk to but listen to prominent members of the African American consulting community, said the former South Bend mayor, emphasizing that he had hosted several round tables across the country where he had personal, one-on-one conversations with black VPs of weapons manufacturers, pharmaceutical companies, and Silicon Valley tech giants. While I might not have lived the same experiences, I hope that my campaign will feel inclusive to all executives of color, in all management levels, regardless of whether they attended Harvard or Yale. As someone who worked at McKinsey myself, I know firsthand that we cant win the presidency without them. At press time, Buttigieg unveiled a new plan to diversify his campaign staff by hiring a single black finance executive to the Pete 2020 board.

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Buttigieg Touts Progress Connecting With Black Fortune 500 Executives - The Onion

Twitter Still Has Its Issues but There Has Been Some Progress Lately – TheStreet

When you own a one-of-a-kind communications platform that politicians, celebrities, media outlets, brands and governments all use to connect with audiences, you only need to run yourself so well to be financially successful.

Thats arguably one takeaway from Twitter's(TWTR) - Get ReportQ4 report, which led its stock to rise 15% in Thursday trading. Three months after missing its consensus Q3 revenue estimate by $50 million, the company topped its Q4 revenue consensus by $15 million (EPS missed due to a pickup in spending).

Annual revenue growth accelerated to 11% from 9%, and ad revenue growth improved to 12% from 8%. International ad revenue rose a paltry 3% as Twitter continues addressing issues related to mobile app install ad sales in Asia, but U.S. ad sales rose 20% with the help of strong video ad growth.

Twitter also saw its monetizable daily active users (mDAUs - users who are logged into Twitter and able to see ads) rise 21% annually to 152 million, topping consensus by 4 million. mDAUs in the U.S., which still accounts for close to 60% of Twitters revenue, rose by 4 million to 31 million.

Relative to peers, a lot of Twitters numbers still dont look that impressive. Whereas Twitters revenue rose 11% in Q4 to $1.01 billion, Facebook(FB) - Get Reportsaw its revenue grow 25% to $21.08 billion. Mark Zuckerbergs firm also reported having 1.66 billion DAUs for Facebook proper and Messenger (up 9%), of which 190 million were in the U.S. and Canada.

Snaps(SNAP) - Get ReportQ4 revenue ($561 million) remained much lower than Twitters in spite of 44% growth. But the company did report its DAUs grew 17% in Q4 to 218 million. North American DAUs, which include Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean, totaled 86 million.

Ive often been critical of Twitter over the years from a product standpoint, and a lot of the things that Ive criticized still dont by any means look fixed. These issues run the gamut from ugly user behavior (and the ways that Twitters mechanics can incentivize such behavior), to the challenges that users can face when it comes to finding accounts and content that might interest them, to the fact that regular Twitter users can feel ignored in a way that regular Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat users usually dont.

But Twitter has admittedly made some meaningful improvements over the last couple of years. Notable changes for the better include the 280-character limit, feed algorithm and notification improvements, a revamped private messaging experience and (though more work still needs to be done here) larger attempts to improve the quality of discourse on the platform.

And (in spite of recent stumbles) there have been meaningful improvements on the advertising side as well, with Twitter improving its targeting and measurement abilities and stepping up investments in video ad products and self-serve ad solutions.

When one combines such service and advertising improvements with the fact that Twitter still gives its users a unique ability to both see what high-profile public figures are saying and put their fingers on the pulse of whats happening in the world at a particular moment, you have a recipe for growing revenue and user bases that remain a small fraction of Facebook and Instagrams. Even if a lot of things could still be done better.

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Twitter Still Has Its Issues but There Has Been Some Progress Lately - TheStreet

UCLA is making progress on and off the basketball court – Los Angeles Times

The surest sign of a team transformed might have come from a player sitting out of bounds at midcourt.

As Cody Riley waited to check into UCLAs last game, the sophomore forward yelled defensive instructions to his teammates.

Thats a big change for us, coach Mick Cronin said. Progress.

In recent weeks, Cronins team has been doing all sorts of new things. The Bruins have been talking, defending and winning. UCLA (12-10 overall, 5-4 Pac-12 Conference) has won four of its last five games heading into a desert duel against Arizona State (13-8, 4-4) on Thursday night at Desert Financial Arena, a surge that precipitated another kind of triumph.

The Bruins are also winning on the recruiting front.

Jaylen Clark, a senior shooting guard from Rancho Cucamonga Etiwanda High who is considered an elite defender and the kind of gritty player who fits perfectly into the Cronin mold, committed to the Bruins on Wednesday after having watched their victory over Utah in person last weekend as part of his official visit.

Clark is expected to sign with the team in April, giving UCLA another talented wing player to go along with incoming point guard Daishen Nix.

Its starting to feel like a turning point for a team likely to miss the NCAA tournament for a second consecutive season, an upward trajectory borne out of defeat.

Failure is the best teacher, junior guard Chris Smith said, and weve had quite a bit of that.

Not recently. Picked by the media to finish eighth in the Pac-12, the Bruins now sit alone in sixth at the midpoint of conference play, only 1 games behind first-place Oregon. UCLAs trip to the desert, which also includes a game against No. 23 Arizona on Saturday, could determine whether the Bruins make something more out of this season than incremental progress.

Sweep the two games, and they could start thinking about making an improbable late-season run.

Split them, and theyre pretty much back where they started, left to focus on small gains.

Lose both, and their midseason surge would end with a splat.

Freshman guard Tyger Campbell acknowledged a new buzz among the Bruins after they completed their first weekend sweep in Pac-12 play with victories over Colorado and Utah.

Theres a different energy, Campbell said. You know, were winning so were all excited, were all geeked up but were not trying to get too high on it.

As evidence of his efforts to stay level-headed, Campbell mentioned the teams two big practices before departing on a trip that will start with an opponent fighting to stay in NCAA tournament contention. Arizona State proved to be a bad matchup for UCLA last season, handing it double-digit losses in each of their two meetings, including one in which the Bruins scored the games first 11 points.

The Sun Devils slew of small guards, led by Remy Martin, scurried for open three-pointers or monstrous dunks, getting whatever they wanted against a defense that seemed powerless to stop them. Smith said Arizona States style made stopping it difficult.

Theyre just like a freelance group, Smith said. Just guys that can spread you out, you know? You try and shrink the floor on teams, but they just drive and kick. Their coach, you know, he lets them play. So, its a lot of creativity on their side of the court.

UCLAs defense has stiffened considerably in recent weeks, allowing an average just 63.8 points over its last five games. The telltale defensive statistic has been the Bruins ability to defend the three-point line; theyre allowing opponents to shoot only 30.5% in the games UCLA has won compared to 44.4% in its losses.

Coincidentally, Arizona State has made exactly 30.5% of its three-pointers this season, worst in the Pac-12.

More than the numbers are starting to align for the Bruins given how far theyve come the last few weeks, particularly on defense.

Defensively, if youre not a unit, youre not going to hold people to the points that weve been holding them to recently, Smith said, so I think for sure, were coming together, were clicking finally.

UP NEXT FOR UCLA: AT ARIZONA STATE

When: Thursday, 8 p.m. PST.

Where: Desert Financial Arena, Tempe, Ariz.

On the air: TV: ESPN2; Radio: 570.

Update: The one statistic that wont guarantee victory for UCLA but could almost assure the Bruins of defeat, especially on the road, is turnovers. They have committed an average of 12 turnovers in their Pac-12 victories and 15 in their conference losses, including 22 in their last road game at Oregon. The Ducks generated 34 points off those turnovers on the way to a 96-75 blowout. Live-ball turnovers turn into points for the other team, Smith said, which pretty much destroys team morale on your end.

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UCLA is making progress on and off the basketball court - Los Angeles Times

City makes progress in Tater Tot Trail negotiations – Ontario Argus Observer

Ontarios long-awaited connector trail along the Snake River is another step closer to seeing the light of day after the Ontario City Council approved a resolution on Thursday night during its work session.

Otherwise known as The Tater Tot Trail, a name that was proposed by Kraft Heinz one of the owners allowing an easement agreement for the trail to happen, the trail is intended to stretch along the snake river from the citys water treatment plant, underneath the overpass on Idaho Avenue near Walmart and stretch all the way to the interchange near Loves Travel Stop.

Other owners the city worked with on easement agreements include Oregon Department of Transportation and Walmart.

City Manager Adam Brown said a condemnation process which was on the agenda as new business with a resolution was the first step in the negotiations, to acquire the property from Walmart.

He stated how the corporation requested that the city go through the condemnation process in order to formally acquire the land being requested. Brown did clarify to those in attendance that Walmart asked us to take this route, adding, its not adversarial at all.

He said Community Development Director Dan Cummings prepared a legal description of the property, which is part of the condemnation process.

The next stretch of negotiations involves the larger portion of land that will comprise the trail and that is currently owned by Kraft Heinz. One of the stipulations of the citys proposed agreement with Kraft Heinz included the naming of the trail.

And Brown says he finally got a conference call.

The city manager previously told the Argus that what made the proposed trail unique was the limited amount of property owners along the way that the city would have to work with on obtaining easement agreements in order to get public access to those areas paralleling lands owned by those entities.

Councilor Michael Braden made note of the possible risk in the city purchasing the piece of the land from Walmart before knowing whether or not an agreement with Kraft Heinz can be reached. Brown acknowledged that there is a risk, but remains hopeful in the citys negotiations.

No dollar amount was mentioned, however in a follow-up interview this morning, Brown said, he did not know the cost.

Thats the next step, he said, adding that it must be appraised, and that appraisal is slated to happen today.

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City makes progress in Tater Tot Trail negotiations - Ontario Argus Observer

For the disabled in Hollywood, report finds hints of progress – The Columbus Dispatch

A new paper from the Ruderman Family Foundation shows that while things may be getting better, its happening very slowly.

There is Atypical, on Netflix, a coming-of-age comedy that features young adults on the autism spectrum, and This Close, on Sundance Now, about besties who are deaf. Both shows are part of a gradual trend toward the authentic casting of characters with disabilities. But according to new research, they also are anomalies.

A new white paper from the Ruderman Family Foundation reports that some 80% of all disabled characters on the small screen are portrayed by nondisabled actors. The imbalance is an indication, the reports sponsors say, that efforts to diversify Hollywood are far from inclusive. And even with examples of authentic casting on Atypical, the lead character, who is autistic, is played by an actor who is not.

We wouldnt accept it with other minorities, said Jay Ruderman, president of the Ruderman Family Foundation, which published the report. But with disability, it is still routinely accepted. And thats wrong.

The research, covering about 280 network and streaming shows from 2018, found that roughly half featured characters with physical, cognitive or mental health disabilities. Yet, the report said, even where disability is present in television and films, it is almost always portrayed as an undesired, depressing and limiting state.

There were signs of shifts. Of the top 10 Nielsen-rated shows from 2016, just 5% of disabled characters were played by disabled performers. In 2018, that figure jumped to 12%.

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For the disabled in Hollywood, report finds hints of progress - The Columbus Dispatch

Progress seen from a different perspective – The Herald-News

"You can't stop progress," is a cliche sometimes used to justify plans to build more warehouses in and around Joliet.

The adage doesn't quite seem to work when applied to the prospect of the former Joliet Country Club being converted into a warehouse complex.

Joliet can't support a country club anymore.

That actually had been the case for years as the club struggled with debt left over from the construction of a new clubhouse, saw membership decline in the wake of the recession, and eventually gave up ownership of its property to the ROC real estate group.

It became public knowledge in 2018 when the club announced that it was giving up management of its facilities to ROC, which opened the course to the public.

The renamed Joliet Golf Course open to the public had one season in 2019.

ROC announced last week the club is now closed.

ROC is considering warehouses for the site, although there is no rezoning proposal yet before the city.

Still, the idea is jarring enough that Councilwoman Jan Quillman declared her opposition to it at the City Council meeting last week.

"I don't want warehouses there. It's too beautiful," Quillman said.

She may be right.

But city officials may have found out what if feels like for residents on the outskirts of the city who have objected for years as Joliet approved rezonings that allowed warehouses close to their neighborhoods.

"You can't stop progress," may be a line used when NorthPoint Development takes its proposal to annex 1,260 acres into Joliet for the Compass Business Park to the Joliet Plan Commission on Feb. 24.

It may be said again on March 17 when the City Council is tentatively scheduled to vote on the NorthPoint plan.

But no one said it to Quillman on Tuesday.

Instead, the council may have sent a signal to ROC to abandon any warehouse plans it may have.

"You heard some of the council comments yesterday," Councilman Pat Mudron said the next day. "They're going to have a hard time getting enough votes."

Mudron said he would probably have to recuse himself from voting on any rezoning for the golf course. He was president of the country club when it dissolved and, as he said, "turned over the keys" to ROC.

ROC's attorney said the owners are still considering options for the Joliet Golf Club.

They even approached the Joliet Park District in January to see if the park board was interested in buying the golf course. The park board, which has three golf courses now and is dealing with its own financial challenges, said no.

In the weeks ahead, we may find out what progress looks like on the 1,260 acres NorthPoint wants to annex into the city and what it looks like at the former country club at 1009 Spencer Road.

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Progress seen from a different perspective - The Herald-News

Wary eyes watch progress of short-term rental bill – Brunswick News

Legislation passed by the state House Regulated Industries Committee will shield short-term rentals from excessive local regulation if the bill makes it through the Georgia General Assembly.

The measure would require cities and counties to treat short-term rentals like they would any residence and prevent local governments from banning them.

State Rep. Kasey Carpenter, R-Dalton, lead sponsor of House Bill 523, called it a property rights issue.

Short-term rentals also help property owners because they pay full property taxes without the heavy burden of local services and school systems, Carpenter said. They provide small communities with tourism dollars, but first and foremost these rules and regulations are an attack on personal property rights.

Carpenter said the bill would treat short-term rentals the same as long-term rentals and property thats not rented.

Short-term rentals where problems occur can be addressed like any other property, the legislator said.

I firmly believe that cities and counties have the opportunity to deal with these issues through their various nuisance ordinances, occupancy, and other ways, without having to issue bans and prohibitions, Carpenter said. Hopefully now that we have a piece in the works for tax collection, and it has been addressed, these cities and counties can realize the value these properties bring, and not over-regulate them or ban them out of business.

Marketplace facilitator legislation passed by the General Assembly provides a method to collect taxes from businesses like Airbnb and Vrbo, but that doesnt solve all the problems seen by those opposed to the bill.

State Rep. Jeff Jones, R-St. Simons Island, a member of the committee, voted for the legislation. The bill provides a carve-out for homeowner associations to regulate the properties under their umbrella as they see fit.

State Rep. Don Hogan, R-St. Simons Island, said hed rather the issue be handled at the local level.

I think that county commissioners ought to be able to make their own decision and pass local legislation on it, rather than the state getting involved in it, Hogan said. I know weve got problems in Glynn County on St. Simons weve got zoning on single residences and its really a bad situation when people rent out their homes on short-term rentals with people that nobody knows (and) dont know who theyre renting them to.

Its an issue close to the heart of Glynn County Commissioner Peter Murphy, who rejects the notion that the HOA carve-out will solve the problems he envisions occurring with the bill, among them being state control of a local issue.

Certainly, every locale will have a different set of circumstances regarding short-term rentals, Murphy said. To try to paint it with one broad brushstroke out of Atlanta is foolish.

He said the latest research identified more than 1,500 short-term rental properties on St. Simons. Thats 20 to 25 percent of all residential properties on the island.

Murphy said he discussed the issue with a Vrbo executive at a convention in Texas last year and learned the rental group backs some amount of local regulation, specifically because of what happened in Honolulu, Hawaii.

The city and the surrounding area were losing tax revenue because people werent paying their occupancy tax like the hoteliers were, Murphy said.

It was also driving up the cost of homes, he said.

All these stakeholders and constituency groups went to the legislators this was about a year ago and just banned short-term rentals, Murphy said, calling it a draconian response to a lack of local control.

Scott McQuade, president and CEO of the Golden Isles Convention and Visitors Bureau, said the facilitator bill helps but doesnt fix things like quality of life issues with short-term rentals. He also notes the bill bans registration of the rentals, which he sees as problematic in tracking tax and fees compliance, along with who needs to be contacted for emergencies and complaints.

It has been proven throughout the nation that the cities and counties that have smart and well-balanced local ordinances for short-term rentals have the best results, McQuade said. Smart local ordinances have proven effective in protecting the quality of life for residents while providing accommodations for visitors and creating a level playing field for tax compliance.

The CVB, the county and the local short-term rental committee were recently leading efforts to balance the needs of the business community with the needs of residents with the goal to draft a local ordinance to improve the quality of life in the Golden Isles. (This legislation) could potentially jeopardize all that hard work that has done over the last year.

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Wary eyes watch progress of short-term rental bill - Brunswick News

Essex Fells rec soccer teams get trophies | The Progress News – New Jersey Hills

ESSEX FELLS - Players on the boys and girls soccer teams from fifth and sixth grade picked up the trophies they earned in a November tournament at the mayor and council meeting Tuesday, Feb. 4.

The girls started their season 7-0 before losing to Fairfield, then clinching the championship against Fairfield, which was undefeated, in the West Essex area recreational tournament.

The Essex Fells team finished with a 10-1 record.

We are so proud of you, the way you conducted yourselves, represented Essex Fells, but most importantly, represented yourselves, said Ash Breheney, the girls' head coach.

The boys team also finished with a 10-1 record after winning the tournament.

This was a season where we had a great group of kids that actually listened, said head coach Jeff Hug. They came together as a team.

As he called players to pick up their trophies, he introduced Cody Dong, a fifth grader who moved to Essex Fells from France last year, as my import from Paris.

After the ceremony, Cody said this was his first season playing soccer anywhere and he plans to return next year.

Ava Breheney, a fifth grader who played on the girls team, said younger players starting out in the rec program will have a great experience if they keep going with it.

I like that all the players are very nice to each other, and no ones rude or anything, she said. And we always play the game and try our best for everything.

Also during the meeting, the council authorized bid advertisements for gasoline and diesel fuel and for the 2020 state Department of Transportation municipal road project.

The mayor and council will meet next at 7 p.m. Tuesday, Feb. 18 in Borough Hall.

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Essex Fells rec soccer teams get trophies | The Progress News - New Jersey Hills

Work in Progress – Omaha Reader

Its still the sad state of affairs that no universities in Omaha offer an MFA program, usually considered an essential qualification for professional visual artists.

Amplify Arts has stepped into that breach with its Work in Progress program, and the art from its first cohort of studentsTravis Apel, Elizabeth Boutin, Anne Dovali, Holly Kranker and Tyler Swainwill be on view at Bensons Petshop with an opening on Feb. 7 from 6 to 9 p.m.

During the 10-month program, the artists received feedback through critiques, practiced critical writing and participated in collaborative, interdisciplinary endeavors.

Boutin creates emotionally resonant paintings inflected by her experience with the military. Conversely, Dovali works in mythic and fantastic realms, combining sacred and baroque iconographies with rhinestones and googly eyes. Sculptor Apel explores the natural environment, often incorporating organic material into his pieces. Krankers multimedia work reflects places fixed in memory, including domestic settings that may be reflected through her imagery or her use of home construction supplies. Sculptor Swain works in a Dadaist vein, fashioning detritus with a discomfiting aesthetic.

The exhibition continues through March 27. Petshop is located in downtown Benson. Find it on Facebook.

Originally posted here:

Work in Progress - Omaha Reader

The progress the government has made on election security – fifthdomain.com

The latest Senate report on Russian interference in the 2016 election, released Feb. 6, contained several broad recommendations for how the government can improve effectiveness in securing American elections.

While the Senate Select Committee on Intelligences third volume lists seven recommendations for correcting shortfalls made by the Obama administration in responding to Russian election interference, the federal government has already made progress in several of the recommended areas since the committee started its report.

The committee recommends that the executive branch bolster partnerships with countries considered near abroad to Russia. The bipartisan report states that Russia has been using these countries as a laboratory for perfecting information and cyber warfare. For example, in the military conflict between Ukraine and Russian, Russian-backed hackers have targeted the government and shut down the countrys power grid.

Expanding partnerships with such countries will help to prepare defenses for the eventual expansion of interference techniques targeting the West," the report read.

U.S. Cyber Command has taken similar measures in recent years, partnering with the Montenegrin government for the last two years to search for malicious actors in networks in the lead up to both nations elections in 2020. The U.S. Secret Service also engages with foreign states on cybersecurity issues, like in 2017 when it trained local officials in Estonia.

Having U.S. cyber personnel near the Russian cyber hot spots will help the United States learn more about Russian behavior. Tom Kellermann, a former commissioner on the Commission on Cyber Security for the 44th President of the United States, said that partnerships will help the United States determine the root cause of Russian intrusions.

How did they get in in the first place and how did they stay in? How did they maintain persistence?" said Kellermann, now head of cybersecurity strategy at VMware. These are the critical lessons we should learn from assisting our allies in order to protect our democracy."

The committee also recommended that the United States lead the way on establishing international cyber norms, writing that U.S. leadership is needed to balance any formalized international agreement on acceptable uses of cyber capabilities.

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This is another area where the U.S. government has already made progress. At the United Nations, the United States has worked to establish international cyber norms and proposed creating a group to study how to enforce cyber norms, all while butting heads with the Russian and Chinese representatives.

According to Chris Painter, a former top cyber official at the Department of State, while the United States has led on establishing some norms, like critical infrastructure shouldnt be targeted outside of wartime, there is still outstanding work to be done on enforcing those norms.

We have to make sure that those norms are just not paper tigers, Painter said. They have to be accepted by countries around the world and there has to be accountability when people break them."

Another recommendation from the committee suggests that credible information about foreign information or cyber operations be shared as broadly as appropriate within government, Congress and, when appropriate, private-sector partners. The committee also adds that the federal government must have substantive and timely outreach with state and local governments when election infrastructure is targeted.

The federal government has made strides in this area, particularly with its outreach to state and local governments, an effort spearheaded by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency within the Department of Homeland Security. Top election officials in states have security clearances to gain access to more threat intelligence and CISA frequently holds phone calls with state operators of critical infrastructure, which includes election officials.

Within the intelligence community, NSAs new Cybersecurity Directorate is also making an effort to share contextualized threat intelligence with the defense industrial base.

As part of the recommendation, the committee also said that feds needed to create a mechanism for notifying the public of operations.

Delaying the release of information allows inaccurate narratives to spread, which makes the task of informing the public significantly harder, the committee wrote.

Both the IC and civilian government have partnered together to establish a process for public notification of cyberthreats. Back in November, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, NSA, DHS, State, CIA, NSA and FBI agreed to a framework in which they would discuss potentially exposing an interference operation after convening leaders from all the agencies.

The committees other recommendations were that the executive branch prepare for the next attack, integrate responses to cyber incidents, prioritize collection on information warfare, and clarification of roles and authorities within the IC.

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The progress the government has made on election security - fifthdomain.com