What IS your point? – The Bear Insider

I'll bite. I post for a variety of reasons:

1) COMMUNITYI have been a part of this community from the the very beginning. Originally it was a place to joke with and learn from like-minded people. At the start, it was only about sports: recruiting guesses, game analysis, and insider observations from practice. That bubble was pleasurable. Here in a little corner of the emerging internet, you could talk about something you loved with other people who loved it too. In sports, we had the big bad PAC10 opposition with all their greater traditions and higher rated recruits, and Cal was always a seeming underdog, but you could come here and feel empowered because even if we lost a game we could laugh about it and celebrate the Cal experience and make it our own. This place made Cal more than just the sporting event, it was a culture of eternal fatalistic optimism. And, sometimes, we even won.

Our first controversies and tensions were around who should play, or plays that should have been called, and then if coaches should be fired. Like the sports world in general, sports banter became more aggressive and hostile and taking a position. The first divides in the community appeared.

Then, the real world started to leak in. Greater sports, university, and political issues became part of the debate. It has been a slow decline in the quality of discussion, and slow increase in partisanship aimed at "winning" some greater contest of political sport (or typically more about making others feel that they are the "losers") then it is about supporting a sense of community and learning from one another. In short, we went the way of the internet and are in a lot of ways no better than any SEC or 4Chan board. We have sock puppets and trolls and people who just want to argue. What used to be a haven and a feel good part of my day is now a mixed source of angst. So, community is the main reason I post here, but much of that has been lost.

2) KNOWLEDGE There is such an interesting group of accomplished people on BI that I often get exposed to information and opinions that I would have never otherwise gained. This is when BI is at its best.

3) HABITFor better or for worse, BI is built into my daily routine. It's one of about 5 sites that I check without really even thinking each day. It's the digital equivalent of walking to the end of the driveway and getting the morning paper. I wish it still had all the positive connotations of "starting my day off right."

4) CATHARSISBe it a devastating loss in football or something devastating in the political theater, there is something cathartic to put your words down and having your "community" affirm and echo your experience. This post itself is a good example.

5) DEFENSE OF THE GOODEthical positions in both the sports and political realms are increasingly drowned out by "having a take," ""if you aren't cheating you aren't trying," "greed is good," and "win at any cost" rationalizations for the degradation of principles and the higher mission of life and sport. In some small way, and with full self-awareness of the pompousness of this claim, I believe that posting here contributes and defends a worthwhile counter argument, that seeds are planted, that if enough people contribute to the persistence of good, it disseminates.

6) ANTIDOTEPositions here I disagree with are the same I hear stated on the news and by some friends and family. Posts I make and others I read, give me a sense of relief and affirmation (you can perhaps call it confirmation bias) that not EVERYONE feels these things and that there are really rational, factual antidotes to a lot of the poison of partisanship.

7) ACCOUNTABILITYMaking a record of a position offers some limited accountability for my own thoughts and for those who disagree with me. Unfortunately, there is a rise in never admitting you are wrong, moving the goalposts, and just out and out denial of what is written in black and white. Somehow I feel like this discourse, if you can call it that, helps to create digital footholds in an increasingly post-truth, gaslighting reality.

8) IMPROVE CAL SPORTSThis of course used to be the primary objective. But in the years since and the way the chatter has evolved, this gets lost. The hope is that by the critical eye of a community and the collective celebration of the best parts of the Cal experience, the powers-that-be are guided and steered.

9) DRIVE TRAFFICI post to drive internet traffic.

10) PASS ON TRADITIONSLike seniors (or in this case senior citizens) passing on traditions to freshmen, this place is a reservoir of Cal culture, nostalgia, and history. This library passes on our collective version of fandom and perhaps is part of expanding and entrenching our fan base. How else would one know the meanings of (we need a pinned Bear Insider glossary by the way):

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What IS your point? - The Bear Insider

COVID-19: Prevention & Investigational Treatments | Drugs.com

Updated - July 28, 2020 J.Stewart BPharm

COVID-19 is the disease caused by an infection of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, first identified in the city of Wuhan, in China's Hubei province in December 2019. COVID-19 was previously known as 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) respiratory disease before the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the official name as COVID-19 in February 2020.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the family of viruses called coronaviruses, which also includes the viruses that cause the common cold, and the viruses that cause more serious infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which was caused by SARS-CoV in 2002, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which was caused by MERS-CoV in 2012. Like the other coronaviruses, the SARS-CoV-2 virus primarily causes respiratory tract infections, and the severity of the COVID-19 disease can range from mild to fatal.

Serious illness from the infection is caused by the onset of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Stay up to date on COVID-19

The most common symptoms of COVID-19 include dry cough, fever, and shortness of breath. It is thought that symptoms can appear between 2-14 days after exposure although there have been isolated cases which suggest this may be longer. If you develop symptoms, you should stay at home to prevent the spread of the disease into the community. Wearing a face mask will help prevent the spread of the disease to others.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), symptoms of COVID-19 include:

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is thought to spread from person-to-person via:

The best way to prevent infection is to avoid exposure to the virus.

The most important way to preventCOVID-19 is to WASH YOUR HANDS.

Wash your hands regularly and thoroughly with soap and water (lather for 20 seconds) OR use an alcohol based (at least 60%) hand sanitizer.

Other actions that help to prevent the spread ofCOVID-19:

Update: May 8, 2020 Healthy Vitamin D Levels Could Be Linked to COVID-19 Survival

What to do if you come into contact with someone who is sick

Stay at home. If you have been exposed to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19, or someone who is showing symptoms of COVID-19, it may take up to two weeks for your symptoms to present. To keep yourself and others safe, you should isolate yourself from other people for 14 days.

Social distancing means the physical separation of people. To practice social or physical distancing:

Scientists are still researching risk factors for COVID-19 but data from China CDC suggest that the elderly, and people suffering from pre-existing medical conditions (such as heart disease, respiratory disease including asthma and COPD, or diabetes) have a higher risk of dying from the disease. There isresearch that suggests that smokers may be more susceptible to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. There is also evidence to suggest that people who usee-cigarettes (vaping)are at much higher risk of developing serious respiratory infections.Update: March 16, 2020 --A Chinese study claims to have found that people with type A blood may be more susceptible to the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19).Update: March 22, 2020 -- CDC now includes people aged 65 years and older, people who live in a nursing home or long-term care facility, and people who are immunocompromised including those receiving cancer treatment as thosewho are at higher risk for severe illness. People with HIV may also be at higherrisk of serious illness.Update: June 25, 2020 --Who's at Highest Risk From COVID-19? CDC Updates Its List

Currently, there are no FDA approved treatments for COVID-19.

Update:Antiviral Trio Shows Mettle Against COVID-19May 8, 2020Update:Lots of Drugs Are Being Tested Against COVID-19 -- But Will Any Work?April 23, 2020Update:The Lowdown on COVID-19 TreatmentsApril 21, 2020

More information

Several pharmaceutical companies and research organizations worldwide are involved in the development of potential vaccines.

Update:Why Will It Take So Long for a COVID-19 Vaccine?April 6, 2020

More information

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COVID-19: Prevention & Investigational Treatments | Drugs.com

An infrastructure stimulus plan for the COVID-19 recession – Brookings Institution

The COVID-19 pandemic has shaken the nation to its core, and the ensuing economic contraction shows no signs of letting up. As in past recessions, infrastructure is not insulated from these effectshousehold affordability concerns are rising, strained state and local budgets are delaying projects, and workforce impacts in construction and other industries are just beginning to take shape.

Still, it is the underlying structural factorshow we design our communities, the technologies we deploy, and the projects we fundthat continue to shape our long-term economic trajectory. Infrastructure can act as an economic barrier for many people and places, but it can also function as an economic foundation. An infrastructure stimulus offers real potential, but to maximize that potential, it must build greater economic opportunity for more people and places.

This web brief and accompanying paper use historical data and the earliest indicators from the current downturn to make the case for a people-first approach to federal infrastructure stimulus. We specifically recommend Congress enact a four-part stimulus program:

The total cost of these programs would range from $167 to $327 billion.

The 2020 recession is only months old, but such a swift economic contraction will be overwhelming for infrastructure agencies and the people who rely on their services. State and local governments have already cut infrastructure projects and related labor hours due to reduced sales and income tax revenue. The budgetary impacts will only grow if gas tax revenues stay below their targets, if transit systems and airports remain half-empty or worse, and if unemployed workers stop paying their utility bills. For individuals, lost income starts a vicious cycle where some can no longer afford essential infrastructure serviceswhether its filling their car with gas or paying for in-home broadbandwhich only makes getting to a grocery store or finding a new job that much harder.

Amidst these ominous trends, though, recessions can also offer valuable opportunities to improve infrastructure and expand economic opportunity. Lower interest rates make borrowing cheaper compared to recent years, reducing the upfront costs of generational projects. Infrastructure spending can also create immediate professional opportunities across a mix of design, construction, and operational jobs. The mix of short-term employment and long-term investment makes infrastructure an attractive area for federal stimulus.

Which leaves the core question facing federal policymakers: How can Congress design an infrastructure stimulus that responds to todays recession while still making forward-looking investments?

At their core, the pandemic and associated recession are stories of human sufferingwhich means any infrastructure stimulus program must put people at the center. Congress should fund policies that make essential services more affordable, promote workforce development opportunities, and build projects with a more resilient, equitable future in mind. The benefit of a people-first strategy is that it can stimulate greater economic activity immediately while ensuring benefits flow directly to households and communities most in need. Using lessons from past recessions, federal policymakers can design an appropriate response to this unique moment.

Historic data confirms that structural issues have a far greater impact on usage patterns than recessions. Aggregate driving levels dipped during many recessions, but have always rebounded as structural factors incentivize automobile use. Recessions also did not hold back freight flows, commercial aviation, and intercity passenger rail. Transits changing passenger levels have more to do with local development habits and system design than economic growth. Structural changes in the energy and water sectorsincluding climate insecurity, product innovation, and changing consumer tasteshave all pushed toward greater efficiency and sustainability.

Early evidence suggests many usage patterns will return once the economy reopens from COVID-19 and people feel safer. Driving levels rose when some state and local economies reopened, and global cities confirmed transit is safe to use. Continued reopenings will allow water and electricity demand to tick up. Policymakers would be wise to design a stimulus based on structural patterns, not temporary deviations.

The major exception is telework and the rapid rise in digital connectivity. A shift to more permanent telework policies could impact local demand for commercial and residential properties, reduce demand for intercity travel, launch new metropolitan competitions for industry and talent, and accelerate calls for universal broadband.

Infrastructure is essential to everyday life, but its not always affordable to use. As economists point out, infrastructure services such as water and electricity are necessities, and consumers are less sensitive to changes in their price. Infrastructure also tends to be more expensive for lower-income households than their higher-earning ones, with the lowest quintile of household earners spending over 50% of their post-tax income on transportation and other utilities (Figure 4). Research also regularly shows that the price of transportation and broadband are major barriers to use.

The scale of the infrastructure affordability issue could be especially overwhelming during the COVID-19 recession. The U.S. Census Bureaus Household Pulse Survey through July 14, 2020 found that 50% of respondents experienced income losses since March 13. The likelihood was even higher among those making less than $50,000 per year and with less than a bachelors degree. To assist those in need, policymakers should make affordability a chief structural concern.

Recessions always create shortfalls in state and local governments general tax revenues, which they rely on to plan and fund their annual budgets. Faced with difficult choices and insufficient revenue, transportation agencies, water utilities, airports, and other peers often make the same choice to delay long-run capital projects. Telecommunications and energy companies may prefer to keep cash on hand and delay projects the same way.

Once project delays take place, it can lead to years of lower spending. State and local governments slowed spending on transportation and water capital projects for multiple years following the 1970s recessions and the Great Recession (Figure 3).

Less spending quickly spills into the infrastructure labor market. As public infrastructure owners and operators struggle to plan and pay for projects, private contractors may not provide as many services, execute as much construction, or hire as many workers compared to typical schedules. Still, the transferable skillsets and experience these workers possess could readily translate into opportunities in a stimulus effort, and there remains an ongoing need to train new workers in the skilled trades.

For nearly 100 years, Congress has seen infrastructure spending as a way to stimulate economic growth during downturns. However, the bills that made the most durable impact on infrastructure-related outcomes were the ones that tested innovative programs to address structural challenges.

Comparing the New Deal of the 1930s to the 1982 and 1991 transportation bills demonstrates two competing approaches. The New Deal used historic spending (Figure 6) to fund entirely new categories of forward-looking projects: delivering clean water, electricity, and telephone service to people for the first time; demonstrating mega-project capabilities such as New York Citys Lincoln Tunnel; and reinvigorating the civic commons through projects such as San Antonios River Walk and Charleston, S.C.s Dock Street Theatre. By contrast, the transportation bills mostly focused on building traditional highways and transit lines. Just as importantly, workforce development programming was central to the New Deal, while the transportation bills take as a given that more spending creates more employment opportunities.

The 2009 stimulusthe American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)used a hybrid approach. Some infrastructure funding went right into current transportation formula programs, water-related revolving loan funds, and other preexisting programswhich did accelerate spending when recipients were prepared. But ARRA also launched the National Broadband Plan and the innovative Broadband Technology Opportunities Program to bridge the digital divide and deliver true high-speed internet service. Funding toward clean energy programs used renewable generation, weatherization, and even new financing models to invest in long-term sustainability. Those innovative programs now serve as models for the next wave of digital and resilience efforts.

The COVID-19 recession lands at an ideal time to learn from these past stimulus programs. So far, service workers, including many women, have borne the brunt of 2020s initial job losses, which is a major contrast to the Great Recessions male-dominated layoffs in construction-related occupations. The shift to telework and distance learning only raises the urgency to prepare all people for a digital future. Climate insecurity has grown since 2009, and lessons from fiscally challenged Flint, Mich. and flood-ravaged Houston are still fresh. Advances in mobility technologies and electric vehicles promise new approaches to transportation. The opportunities to develop policy innovations are clear.

Passing an infrastructure stimulus will require more than traditional calls for increased spending or pushing legislation designed for a different economic moment. Federal leaders will need to promote infrastructure policies that directly respond to todays damaged economy and where the country must go once the worst is behind us.

There are two immediate concerns. One is to support households who either experienced income loss or entered the recession already facing economic disadvantage. The other is to protect current infrastructure workers whose jobs may be threatened by state and local budget cuts. A stimulus can also address the countrys long-run needs, charting a new path for infrastructure policy for decades to come.

We recommend Congress build a stimulus that will deliver immediate and long-lasting benefits, using lessons from past programs. The stimulus should include four core programs:

If the recession does not end quickly and millions continue to be without work, Congress could spend an additional $95 billion per year to provide full-time wages (at $15 per hour) for 3 million workersthe projected number of infrastructure workers who will retire or need to be replaced over the next decade.

Challenge grants: Learning from the Smart City Challenge and Race to the Top programs, challenge grants use a proverbial carrot to inspire major planning efforts at the state and local level. By dedicating a large enough pool of funding and ensuring multiple applicants can win grants, Congress can inspire a wealth of new ideas. Congress could designate $20 billion to be spent across the four categories.

Research and development investments: To promote a culture of experimentation, Congress should create a funding pool available to private sector firms. Winning firms would receive an infusion of federal funding in exchange for federally owned stock. This program will accelerate risk-taking and ensure the public sector can benefit from profitable inventions. Congress could designate $12 billion to be spent across the four categories.

The total cost of these programs would range from $167 billion to $327 billion. Congress could dedicate funding through tax increases, but that could dull the stimulating. Instead, we recommend the federal government borrow or consider other revenue sources to cover program costs. Doing so will ensure a stronger economic recovery in the short term and an innovative, more equitable infrastructure system to boost American competitiveness for decades to come.

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An infrastructure stimulus plan for the COVID-19 recession - Brookings Institution

She broke a hip, underwent surgeries, caught Covid-19. This 80-year-old woman laughed it all off – CNN

She left Manhattan's Mount Sinai Morningside Hospital in early July -- after battling an aneurysm, sepsis, abdominal and heart surgeries and Covid-19, she and her doctors told CNN.

"It was hysterically funny, in a way," Hunt said of the experience. "It was like every time I turned around, something new came up. That's why I started laughing at it. Because it was like, when do we get leprosy? When is the rain of frogs?"

Hunt tested positive for the coronavirus in March, according to Dr. Gabriele DiLuozzo, director of aortic surgery for the hospital. At one point, Hunt was intubated and put on a respirator. She was also initially given doses hydroxychloroquine, which worsened her heart condition and led to a heart attack, Dr. DiLuozzo said.

After "enormous collaboration" between multiple teams of physicians, physical therapists and other health care workers, Hunt was able to walk out of the hospital on her own. However, Dr. DiLuozzo credits her "remarkable recovery" at least in part to her spirit and attitude toward life.

"I spoke with the nurses," Dr. DiLuozzo said. "I said if there was a way I could extract her genes, I would try somehow to put them in my bloodstream, because this woman is indestructible."

Hunt said she realized early on that her chances were "not good." She decided to accept her possible death with her indomitable sense of humor.

"Hell, at one point I died for two minutes," Hunt said. "And did I get the white light? No. It's like getting your tonsils out, and no ice cream or jello."

Hunt can talk at length about the "magnificent" doctors, nurses, aides and room cleaners who took care of her.

"They gave me such hope for the human race that people like them existed," Hunt said.

Dr. Malcolm Reid, chair of rehabilitation at Mount Sinai Morningside and Mount Sinai West, oversaw her physical recovery.

"Many patients just wouldn't have had the mental fortitude to stay the course," Dr. Reid said. "Just to be in the hospital that long is draining."

This August, Hunt and two friends will be renting a room on Long Island's East Hampton.

"I have no idea what's next," Hunt said. "All I know is there's a next."

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She broke a hip, underwent surgeries, caught Covid-19. This 80-year-old woman laughed it all off - CNN

Maine state budget facing COVID-19 shortfall of $1.4 billion over next three years – Press Herald

State budget writers will be facing a $1.4 billion decline in tax revenues for the next three years because of the coronavirus pandemic, according to a new report.

The forecast, laid out by the Legislatures Revenue Forecasting Committee, includes a $523 million drop for the fiscal year that began July 1, a continuing shortfall of $433 million in fiscal 2022 and $449 million in fiscal 2023, as an economy plunged into recession by the spread of the COVID-19 virus slowly begins to recover.

The figures represent a significant impact on the states $8 billion, two-year budget, which entered its second year on July 1 and expires next June 30.

Key highlights in the forecast include sharp declines in sales and income tax receipts, and decreases in corporate income taxes as well.

In 2021 sales tax and use receipts are projected to be down by $238 million while income tax receipts will be down by $260 million. Corporate income taxes in 2021 are forecast to be off by $34.6 million.

Other areas hit by the pandemic include revenue the state receives from its two casinos and projected revenue from a retail marijuana industry that was expected to launch this year but has also been delayed by the coronavirus.

The numbers released Wednesday will be key as Gov. Janet Mills and the Legislatures Appropriations and Financial Affairs Committee begin their work to craft a balanced state budget, as required by the Maine constitution.

But before any budget adjustments can be made, Mills would have to call lawmakers back to Augusta for a special lawmaking session.

The Governor is reviewing revenue reports, examining forthcoming revenue forecasts, and monitoring Federal efforts to provide additional aid and flexibility to State governments, Lindsay Crete, Mills press secretary said in a message to the Press Herald. The Governor will then confer with legislative leaders about next steps. Governor Mills is urging Congress to provide additional direct support to states as well as flexibility with funding already authorized in order to continue to protect the public health and safety and to spearhead an economic recovery.

This story will be updated.

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Maine state budget facing COVID-19 shortfall of $1.4 billion over next three years - Press Herald

Expert FAQ: Wildfires in the Pacific Northwest during the COVID-19 pandemic – UW News

Environment | Expert quotes | Science | UW and the community | UW News blog

July 29, 2020

Taylor Creek and Klondike Fires, Rogue-Siskiyou National Forest, Oregon, 2018Kari Greer / U.S. Forest Service- Pacific Northwest Region

Forest fires are one of natures oldest land management tools. For more than 10,000 years, Indigenous people in the Pacific Northwest have harnessed the power of fire to control the threat of destructive wildfires and encourage new growth across landscapes. In recent centuries, as the number of people living in forested areas has increased and large amounts of fuel have built up over years of suppression, large seasonal wildfires are becoming more common. The impacts of these fires have been felt far and wide and not just by those directly affected by the flames.

Smoke and pollution caused by large wildfires can have severe and irreversible impacts on the health and well-being of nearby communities, as well as for people who live farther away. Mounting research shows that wildfire smoke can adversely affect populations living many miles away from the actual location of the fires. As the Northern Hemisphere moves into summer in the grips of the COVID-19 pandemic, the confluence of risks that fires present to our landscape and our public health have been brought into stark focus.

The University of Washington has a long history of leading research into the impacts of wildfires from an ecological and health perspective. We worked with two experts to answer some of the most frequently asked questions about wildfires in the Pacific Northwest, including the ways that the pandemic is increasing our communitys vulnerability to extreme wildfire events in the region.

Brian Harvey

Answers in Environmental impacts of wildfires section are provided by Brian Harvey, assistant professor, School of Environmental and Forest Sciences.Harveys research focuses on understanding forest disturbances like fires and insect outbreaks and how forest structure and function are shaped by disturbances, interactions among disturbances and climate.

Tania Busch Isaksen

Answers in Wildfire smoke and your health and the Wildfire smoke during the COVID-19 pandemic sections are provided by Tania Busch Isaksen, senior lecturer, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences and clinical associate professor, Department of Health Services. Busch Isaksens research is focused on public health outcomes associated with extreme heat and wildfire smoke exposures, risk communication methods and climate change-related public health adaptation planning and response, among other topics.

Fire is integral to our forests in the Pacific Northwestwithout it, they would look profoundly different than the forests that we know and love today. Wildfires do a lot work in our Pacific Northwest forests; removing fuel (by burning it away), recycling nutrients, creating critical opportunities for new trees to establish, and stimulating herbaceous growth that supports high wildlife diversity are all just a few of the critical ecosystem services that wildfires provide.

However, in some contexts of our modern world (e.g., when human safety and infrastructure is at risk), letting wildfires burn unabated is simply too dangerous. Prescribed fires are an effective tool in such situations, and are a relatively cost-effective way to reduce hazardous fuel buildup so that wildfires can do more of the work they performed historically in a way that is less threatening to society. With prescribed fires, we have a lot more choice as to where and when fire is applied as a management tool, and when and where smoke will be produced. Wildfires will always remain a key part of our forests, and prescribed fires do not make as much sense in forests where the natural fire regime is characterized by infrequent and severe fires. However, in dry, frequent-fire forests, prescribed fire is a key piece of the fire and forest management puzzle, especially in sensitive areas.

Recent decades have seen a marked increase in area burned in the western U.S. that has tracked warming temperatures over the same time period, and the Pacific Northwest is no exception. The year 2015 saw the greatest total area burned in recent history for Washington state, and many will remember several fires in eastern Washington burning more than 100,000 acres.

Recent years have also seen some fires larger than 10,000 acres on the west side of the Cascades, which historically included fire events on the order of several hundreds of thousands of acres. While the proportion of area that burns at high severity (e.g., killing most vegetation) hovers around 25% to 35% for most fires, more area burned means more area burned severely. A study in 2016 showed that nearly half of the increase in area burned across the western U.S. since the mid-1980s can be attributed to human-caused climate change. Coupling further climate warming with fuel amounts sufficient to carry fire, we should expect an increase in the potential for fire across the Northwest in the years ahead.

Fires are a key part of the ecology of our forests in the Pacific Northwest, and the role fire plays in shaping our forests varies across space. For example, a given patch of dry ponderosa pine forest on the east side of the Cascades historically experiences fire every few years to every few decades. These frequent fires remove fuels from the forest, keeping fire intensity and severity relatively low, and the thick bark on trees such as ponderosa pine allows these trees to survive many fires over their multi-century lifetime. Conversely, a typical patch of cold subalpine forests or moist Douglas-fir and western hemlock forests like what we see on the crest or west side of the Cascades historically experienced fire every few centuries or longer.

These infrequent fires historically burned through naturally high fuel amounts, resulting in large, severe fires (i.e., they killed nearly 100% of above-ground plants). This sounds scary from our human perspective, but the ecological opportunities created by these severe fires lead to extraordinarily high biodiversity for plants and animals in the decades that follow including the key natural establishment opportunity for trees like Douglas fir and lodgepole pine.

Wildfires always have been, and always will be a key part of our forests in the Northwest. That said, minimizing the number of unplanned human-caused fires is important for safely and effectively managing forests and fires. It is important to minimize sources of ignition as much as possible during the warm and dry conditions that define our fire season in the Northwest (generally mid-spring to mid-fall), and especially so when winds are high. Potential sources of ignition include: driving vehicles or operating machinery in areas with dry grass fuels; campfires and barbeques; fireworks; burning yard waste; or anything that could produce a spark or ignite highly flammable vegetation when it is warm and dry. Add high winds and that spark can escape quickly.

Adhering to local restrictions on burning is key to preventing wildfires. Around homes and structures, we can mitigate the potential for ignition by removing fuels and creating a defensible space. Several programs such as Firewise USA and the WA Fire Adapted Communities Learning Network provide useful resources that a wide range of sectors can draw upon to keep our communities safe from wildfires. We will never be able to completely prevent wildfires from occurring (and given their importance for our forest ecosystems, we may not want to), but by being careful and proactive about reducing fuels and minimizing ignitions, we can reduce the aspects of wildfires that are most dangerous to our communities.

Reversing the old adage, its safe to say, where theres fire, theres smoke. That is, given that fires are an integral part of how our forests function in the Northwest, there has always been, and always will be some level of smoke that impacts our region. But just as fire knows no boundaries and can travel from one parcel of land to another, smoke is even more mobile. For example, much of the smoke in the sky in the Pacific Northwest over the past few summers has traveled from areas as far away as northern British Columbia and California. Conversely, the smoke produced from fires in Washington can impact us directly, but can also travel far away. Because much of western North America is composed of fire-prone ecosystems, smoke is likely an inevitable consequence of living here. However, we can do a lot more to adapt in our communities to the reality of smoke, and be prepared to protect ourselves when the smoke returns.

No, all wildfire smoke is not the same. The particles and chemical constituents within smoke vary depending on the fuel burned, moisture content of the fuel and surrounding meteorological conditions. In general, ultra-fine particulate matter is the primary public-health related hazard associated with short-term and cumulative exposure to wildfire smoke. However, other hazardous air pollutants that affect health can be present in wildfire smoke.

Our understanding of the health effects attributed to wildfire smoke exposure has grown over the past several years, with widespread smoke events becoming more frequent in densely populated areas. Fine and ultra-fine particulate matter found in wildfire smoke is a respiratory irritant that can exacerbate pre-existing conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Short-term exposure to wildfire smoke (e.g. days to weeks) has been associated with an increase in respiratory-related hospitalizations in studies across the United States. Specific to Washington State, a 2017 study led by Colorado State University looked at wildfire smoke exposure during the summer of 2012 and found an increase in asthma, COPD and all-respiratory hospitalizations during wildfire smoke events. Short-term exposure to wildfire smoke has also been linked to an increase in mortality. In Washington State, a University of Washington study in 2020 observed an increase in non-traumatic, respiratory and COPD-related mortality on wildfire smoke days compared to non-smoke days.

As with many environmental exposures, those most at risk of poor health outcomes include the elderly, young, immunocompromised, and those with underlying health conditions such as asthma, COPD and cerebrovascular disease. Specific to wildfire smoke, those who work outdoors or who are experiencing homelessness are also at greater risk because of the increased likelihood of exposure.

Good quality, frequently updated information is important when making personal decisions about how to reduce your exposure during a wildfire smoke event. Nationally, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maintains the AirNow website that draws from air pollution data from multiple agencies to produce an Air Quality Index (AQI). The EPA has also created a citizen science project using a mobile app named Smoke Sense. This app provides updated AQI and active wildfire information based on your location and also encourages you to track and share your own wildfire smoke symptoms via the app in the name of science.

In Washington State, the Departments of Ecology and Health, in collaboration with local and tribal health authorities, maintain and update the Washington Smoke Information Blog. The blog helps you prepare for fire season, provides information on how to become smoke ready, displays current and forecasted air quality information, and suggests useful tips for reducing your exposure to wildfire smoke.

We also recommend you consult your local county and/or tribal health departments and regional clean air agencies, as many of these local resources have specific local interventions available during wildfire smoke events.

There are a number of actions you and your family can do to reduce your risk of health effects associated with wildfire smoke exposure. As with an emergency or disaster, preparation is key!

For individuals with COVID-19, exposure to wildfire smoke may worsen symptoms of COVID-19 or make it difficult for the bodys immune system to fight the SARS-CoV-2 virus. For those who are COVID-19 free, exposure to wildfire smoke can irritate the lungs and affect immune function, thereby increasing susceptibility to developing COVID-19 if exposed to the virus.

In pre-pandemic times, community clean air shelters were identified and used in areas impacted by wildfire smoke. These centers provided a respite to those seeking cleaner air. However, this community-level intervention is not realistic during a pandemic where social distancing is a priority. Therefore, the best way to reduce your own risk from wildfire smoke is to focus on what you can do to improve your own indoor air environment. The other major way COVID-19 has significantly impacted our normal response to wildfire smoke exposure has been to the general availability of N95 masks. Long seen as the minimum respiratory protection needed to protect from particulate matter, N95 masks are largely reserved for health care workers, as they also filter out the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Unlike with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, however, cloth masks do little to filter particulate matter from wildfire smoke.

Agencies that are well practiced in putting out wildfires are now learning a new skill: how to set the spark and fan the flames. Thats the case for the state Department of Natural Resources, which is starting to use prescribed burning as part of its strategy for fighting wildfires. Read more

A University of Washington study, published January 2020, takes a big-picture look at what climate change could mean for wildfires in the Northwest. Read more

People of all ages face a slightly increased risk of dying during and just after exposure to wildfire smoke, and middle-aged adults with underlying respiratory conditions face even greater risk, according to a new study led by the University of Washington Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences. Read more

In the first major study following the devastating Carlton Complex fire, researchers from the University of Washington and U.S. Forest Service found that previous tree thinning and prescribed burns helped forests survive the fire. Read more

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Expert FAQ: Wildfires in the Pacific Northwest during the COVID-19 pandemic - UW News

WATCH LIVE: Marylands Reopening Paused Due To Latest Increases In COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, Hogan Says – CBS Baltimore

ANNAPOLIS, Md. (WJZ) Further reopening plans for Maryland amid the coronavirus are paused in place, Gov. Larry Hogan said Wednesday.

The governor made the comments at a news conference Wednesday afternoon.

Maryland will not move into the third phase of the Roadmap to Recovery plan until it is safe, prudent and thoroughly backed by the data and medical science, Hogan said.

In addition, the state is urging people to postpone or cancel travel to a number of states that are seeing high infection rates and to get tested and self-quarantine upon returning.

The number one activity of people who tested positive was attending a family gathering, Hogan said, followed by attending house parties and outdoor events.

While the number of cases and hospitalizations in the state has been climbing, Hogan said the state wont be re-implementing business closures.

Re-closing businesses has proven devastating to other states, he said.

Weve come too far together to lose the progress that weve made on the road to recovery here in Maryland, he said.

Baltimore City, Baltimore County and Prince Georges County have positivity rates over the goal threshold of five percent, he said. All but two of the states jurisdictions Cecil County and Calvert County have tested at least ten percent of their population.

There has been a dramatic shift in infections from older people to younger people recently, Hogan said.

For the latest information on coronavirus go to the Maryland Health Departments website or call 211. You can find all of WJZs coverage on coronavirus in Maryland here.

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WATCH LIVE: Marylands Reopening Paused Due To Latest Increases In COVID-19 Cases, Hospitalizations, Hogan Says - CBS Baltimore

Marlins COVID-19 outbreak: Another player tests positive on Wednesday; 18 total reported cases among team – CBS Sports

Major League Baseball's 2020 season is not even a week old and one team has already experienced a coronavirus outbreak that will sideline a chunk of its roster and has caused multiple games to be postponed. On Wednesday, another Miami Marlinsplayer tested positive for COVID-19, according toKen Rosenthal.

The Marlins are now up to at least 18 reported positive cases of COVID-19 between players and coaches of the traveling team since Opening Day, including six players testing positive over the past two days.

Miami's traveling party remains quarantined in Philadelphia as of Wednesday, and they haven't been the only team impacted by the outbreak. The Orioles returned to Baltimore on Monday night, and the Philadelphia Phillies, who hosted the Marlins over the weekend at Citizens Bank Park, also had their Monday and Tuesday night games vs. the Yankees postponed. As a result, the league announced that the Marlins and Phillies will temporarily hit the pause button as the schedule was revised on the fly in an effort to minimize disruption to the season while containing the outbreak.

The Marlins are next scheduled to play Tuesday, Aug. 4 at home against the Phillies, though it's possible a game could be added the day before on Monday, according to Jon Heyman.

MLB issued the following statement on Tuesday:

"The health and safety protocols were designed with a challenging circumstance like the one facing the Marlins in mind," MLB said in a statement. "The response outlined in the joint MLB-MLBPA Operations Manual was triggered immediately upon learning of the cluster of positive cases, including contact tracing and the quarantining and testing of all of the identified close contacts. The Marlins' personnel who tested positive remain in isolation and are receiving care."

Marlins CEO Derek Jeter released a statement saying the team is shifting to a daily testing schedule.

"We continue to take this entire situation very seriously. All of our players, coaches and staff are, understandably, having a difficult time enduring this experience. After receiving additional test results on our Major League team this morning, we reached out to the Commissioner's Office with concern for the health and safety of our team as well as our opponents.

We have moved to a daily testing schedule while we isolate and quarantine appropriately, along with enacting additional preventive procedures with our traveling party. We look forward to safely returning to Miami where we conducted a successful and healthy Spring 2.0 before departing on the road and experiencing challenges. For the time being, we will remain in Philadelphia and gather information in order to make informed decisions and prepare for our return to action next week."

Here is a look at the revised schedule. It's worth noting that the Phillies have already postponed Friday's restart against Toronto and will instead play a doubleheader on Saturday as the designated road team at Citizens Bank Park, according to Ken Rosenthal. The Blue Jays' 2020 home venue in Buffalo won't be ready for major-league games until Aug. 11.

Tues., July 28

vs. BALPPD

vs. NYY PPD

at MIAPPD

at PHI PPD

Weds., July 29

at BALPPD

at NYYPPD

vs. MIAvs. NYY

vs. PHI at BAL

Thurs., July 30

at BALPPD

at NYYPPD

vs. MIA vs. NYY

vs. PHI at BAL

Fri., July 31

vs. WASPPD

at TOR PPD

vs. TB

vs. BOS

Sat., Aug. 1

vs. WASPPD

doubleheader at TOR

vs. TB

vs. BOS

Sun., Aug. 2

vs. WASPPD

at TOR

vs. TB

vs. BOS

Mon., Aug. 3

OFF

OFF

vs. NYY

at BAL

Tues., Aug. 4

vs. PHI

at MIA

vs. NYY

at BAL

To recap:

The Marlins first had a positive test result on Opening Day, when Jorge Alfaro was placed on the injured list shortly before the team's season opener in Philadelphia. Here's a timeline of what happened between then and Monday.

Friday, July 24 (Opening Day vs. Philadelphia)

Sunday, July 26

Monday, July 27

Tuesday, July 28

Wednesday, July 29

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Marlins COVID-19 outbreak: Another player tests positive on Wednesday; 18 total reported cases among team - CBS Sports

COVID-19 Daily Update 7-27-2020 – 5 PM – West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources

TheWest Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (DHHR) reports as of 5:00 p.m., on July 27,2020, there have been 265,892 total confirmatory laboratory resultsreceived for COVID-19, with 6,054 total cases and 106 deaths.

In alignment with updated definitions fromthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the dashboard includes probablecases which are individuals that have symptoms and either serologic (antibody)or epidemiologic (e.g., a link to a confirmed case) evidence of disease, but noconfirmatory test.

CASESPER COUNTY (Case confirmed by lab test/Probable case):Barbour (28/0), Berkeley (598/22), Boone (68/0), Braxton (8/0), Brooke(49/1), Cabell (277/9), Calhoun (6/0), Clay (17/0), Doddridge (2/0), Fayette(118/0), Gilmer (14/0), Grant (42/1), Greenbrier (82/0), Hampshire (64/0),Hancock (84/5), Hardy (50/1), Harrison (163/1), Jackson (153/0), Jefferson(279/5), Kanawha (694/13), Lewis (24/1), Lincoln (50/2), Logan (92/0), Marion(155/4), Marshall (107/2), Mason (41/0), McDowell (16/1), Mercer (91/0),Mineral (96/2), Mingo (102/2), Monongalia (822/16), Monroe (18/1), Morgan(24/1), Nicholas (26/1), Ohio (229/0), Pendleton (27/1), Pleasants (6/1),Pocahontas (39/1), Preston (98/22), Putnam (149/1), Raleigh (132/4), Randolph(202/4), Ritchie (3/0), Roane (14/0), Summers (5/0), Taylor (38/1), Tucker(8/0), Tyler (11/0), Upshur (34/2), Wayne (174/2), Webster (3/0), Wetzel (40/0),Wirt (6/0), Wood (218/11), Wyoming (17/0).

As case surveillance continues at thelocal health department level, it may reveal that those tested in a certaincounty may not be a resident of that county, or even the state as an individualin question may have crossed the state border to be tested.Such is the case of Boone,Cabell, Marion, Mineral, Ohio, Summers, Taylor, Wayne, and Wetzel counties inthis report.

Pleasenote that delays may be experienced with the reporting of information from thelocal health department to DHHR.

Please visit thedashboard at http://www.coronavirus.wv.gov for more detailed information.

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COVID-19 Daily Update 7-27-2020 - 5 PM - West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources

North Korea Thinks He Brought Covid-19. South Korea Wants to Arrest Him. – The New York Times

SEOUL, South Korea Three years ago, out of work and hungry, Kim Geum-hyok climbed Mount White Horse near his North Korean hometown, Kaesong, brooding on the meaninglessness of life.

Not far to the south, across a river, the 21-year-old could see high-rise buildings in South Korea, dazzlingly lit up. The sight beckoned him.

After two nights on the mountain, Mr. Kim crossed the worlds most heavily armed border to get to it. He climbed down, crawled under and over layers of barbed-wire fences and made his way through minefields. At the rivers edge, he hid among reeds, improvising a life jacket from washed-up plastic trash. When night fell, he began to swim.

I kept swimming toward the light, Mr. Kim said of his seven and a half hours in the water, in an interview that a fellow North Korean defector posted on YouTube. When I finally landed on the South Korean side and walked through reeds and saw South Korean soldiers approaching, I was so exhausted I collapsed.

This month, after three years of life in the South, Mr. Kim went back swimming across the same river hed crossed in 2017, South Korean officials said. On Sunday, North Korea said he may have brought the coronavirus into the country for the first time, and it put Kaesong, Mr. Kims hometown, under lockdown.

On Monday, a police department in South Korea said that before Mr. Kim left, a warrant had been issued for his arrest on a rape accusation.

North Korea did not identify Mr. Kim in its statement. But South Korea said he was the only defector in the South who had gone back to the North this month. The South did not disclose his full name, but it released enough information for reporters to establish his identity.

And other defectors who knew him including the YouTube interviewer, Kim Jin-ah, a woman from Kaesong confirmed that it was him, uploading photos of Mr. Kim to social media.

Weeks before his departure, Mr. Kim, now 24, gave several interviews for Kim Jin-ahs YouTube channel, Lady From Kaesong, talking about his lives in the two Koreas. He used an alias and wore sunglasses, and in some clips his face had been digitally altered. Much of what he said could not be independently verified.

I once visited his apartment in late June and I was surprised that it was so bare of furniture, Ms. Kim said in a video posted after Mr. Kims return to the North. Looking back, I think he was already preparing to leave South Korea.

Even before Mr. Kim went back, his story was an unusual one. Most of the 33,000 North Korean defectors now living in South Korea got there by way of China and Southeast Asia. But some, like Mr. Kim, made the dangerous decision to cross the inter-Korean border.

For a defector to return, however to a desolate economy and a dictatorship that calls defectors human scum is rare. Eleven have done so in the last five years, according to the Souths Unification Ministry. Like many defectors, those who go back have often had trouble adjusting to the Souths freewheeling capitalist society.

In one of the YouTube interviews, Mr. Kim said he had lost most of his hearing at an early age. Because of that, I had difficulty communicating with people, he said. I was beaten because I was told to bring one thing and brought something else.

When he was still a child, Kaesong, a city of 300,000, was chosen as the site of an industrial park run jointly by the two Koreas. It opened in 2004, and Kaesong became a boomtown, awash with cash. Mr. Kims cousins worked at the park, he said, and he himself sold eggs and vegetables.

But four years ago, the South shut down the complex in a dispute over the Norths nuclear weapons program. The economy crashed, and Mr. Kim, like many others, was soon out of work. (Last month, with inter-Korean relations at another low, the North blew up an office in Kaesong that it had jointly operated with the South.)

By the time he climbed Mount White Horse in June of 2017, Mr. Kim told Ms. Kim, he saw no hope for the future, no meaning in life, wondering whether I should continue to live or die. Seeing the South Korean buildings at night compelled him to go there and check it out even if that meant my death, he said.

Mr. Kim said he could not take his eyes off South Korean television during his debriefing by officials, which all defectors undergo after arriving in the South. In the North, all TV sets are preset to government propaganda channels.

Updated July 27, 2020

Mr. Kim settled in Gimpo, a city across the Han River from Kaesong. A doctor corrected the hearing problem that he had lived with since childhood. He gave Ms. Kim no details about his condition or the treatment, but he told her that he cried that day.

He also told her that he missed his parents deeply. He had enrolled in a vocational school, as part of the resettlement program that the South offers to defectors. But he said he quit and found work, hoping to send money to his family, as defectors often do through middlemen in China.

Off camera, according to Ms. Kim, Mr. Kim confided something else.

He told her that he was being investigated by the police because another defector had accused him of raping her. He told Ms. Kim that he had been so drunk on the night in question that he couldnt remember anything.

With Mr. Kim now in the North, it is impossible to contact him for comment. But the police in Gimpo confirmed that a warrant had been issued for his arrest.

On July 17, officials say, Mr. Kim arrived on Ganghwa Island, which may have been where he first set foot on South Korean soil. At 2:20 a.m. on the 18th, he got out of a taxi on the islands northern shore. Around that time, he sent his last text message to Ms. Kim.

I really didnt want to lose you because you were like a big sister to me, he wrote, according to Ms. Kim, who read the message on YouTube. I will repay my debt to you no matter where I live, as long as I live.

Ms. Kim, who was working at a 24-hour convenience store when the message arrived, rushed to Mr. Kims apartment as soon as her shift ended, she told her viewers.

She learned that he had given up the apartment days earlier, reclaiming his deposit. She said he had also sold a used car he had borrowed from her, apparently to raise as much money as he could before going home.

South Korean officials concluded that Mr. Kim had crossed by crawling through a drain, three feet in diameter, that runs underneath barbed-wire fences on Ganghwas north shore. That led him to the Han River, which they believe he swam back across.

In a bag near the drain, officials found bank receipts indicating that Mr. Kim had withdrawn 5 million South Korean won from his account, then converted most of that to $4,000.

What happened to Mr. Kim after he crossed is unknown. North Korea said Sunday that he was in quarantine, accusing him of creating the dangerous situation in Kaesong City that may lead to a deadly and destructive disaster.

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North Korea Thinks He Brought Covid-19. South Korea Wants to Arrest Him. - The New York Times

Report: UT has had more COVID-19 cases than any other university in US – KVUE.com

According to a survey conducted by the New York Times, UT has had more COVID-19 cases reported than any other university in the U.S.

AUSTIN, Texas The University of Texas has found itself atop another list. This list, however, is not one it wants to be seen on.

According to a survey conducted by the New York Times (NYT), UT has had the most COVID-19 cases reported than any other university in the U.S.

The NYT surveyed every public four-year university in the country and "every private institution that competes in Division I sports or is a member of an elite group of research universities."

As a result, the NYT uncovered there were at least 6,300 cases tied to about 270 colleges over the course of the coronavirus pandemic.

UT topped this list with 449 cases since the coronavirus pandemic began. Some may recall UT had an outbreak of cases linked to a group of spring breakers returning to Austin from Cabo San Lucas. According to a CDC report, 64 out of 231 people during the outbreak investigation tested positive for coronavirus. This incident happened in late March.

However, a majority of UT's 449 positive test results were confirmed in late June and early July, according to the NYT survey. The city as a whole saw an influx in cases during this same time period. The city has since seen a "substantial decrease" in coronavirus cases in late July, according to city health officials.

"There is no standardized reporting method for coronavirus cases and deaths at colleges, and the information is not being publicly tracked at a national level," the NYT said in its report. "Of nearly 1,000 institutions contacted by The Times, some had already posted case information online, some provided full or partial numbers and others refused to answer basic questions, citing privacy concerns. Hundreds of colleges did not respond at all.

Other Texas universities ranking high on the list include No. 6 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (Dallas) with 207 cases and No. 13 University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (Edinburg) with 95 cases.

The other universities rounding out the top five in the NYT study were: No. 2 University of Central Florida with 438 cases, No. 3 University of Georgia with 390 cases, No. 4 University of Washington with 249 cases and No. 5 University of Florida with 217 cases.

The NYT report also cites a separate survey, which details the state of coronavirus among university athletic departments. This survey was conducted among the 130 universities that compete at the highest level of Division I football.

In this study, the NYT revealed more than 630 cases on 68 campuses among athletes, coaches and other employees. UT ranked much better in this study, only reporting 13 total cases during the pandemic, much less than a handful of other football programs in the country. Clemson had the most reported cases with 47 and Baylor had the second most with 42.

On July 28, Texas Athletic Director Chris Del Conte said there were zero active cases of COVID-19 on the football, mens basketball, womens basketball and volleyball teams. This report from Del Conte came after 13 UT football players tested positive in June.

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Report: UT has had more COVID-19 cases than any other university in US - KVUE.com

COVID-19 Daily Update 7-24-20 – 10 AM – West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources

TheWest Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources (DHHR) reports as of 10:00 a.m., on July 24,2020, there have been 251,565 total confirmatory laboratoryresults received for COVID-19, with 5,653 total cases and 103 deaths.

In alignment with updated definitions fromthe Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the dashboard includes probablecases which are individuals that have symptoms and either serologic (antibody)or epidemiologic (e.g., a link to a confirmed case) evidence of disease, but noconfirmatory test.

CASESPER COUNTY (Case confirmed by lab test/Probable case):Barbour (28/0), Berkeley (579/19), Boone(67/0), Braxton (8/0), Brooke (42/1), Cabell (243/9), Calhoun (5/0), Clay(17/0), Fayette (111/0), Gilmer (14/0), Grant (37/1), Greenbrier (82/0),Hampshire (55/0), Hancock (80/4), Hardy (49/1), Harrison (152/1), Jackson(153/0), Jefferson (273/5), Kanawha (641/12), Lewis (24/1), Lincoln (38/1),Logan (66/0), Marion (146/4), Marshall (93/1), Mason (38/0), McDowell (13/0),Mercer (79/0), Mineral (87/2), Mingo (77/2), Monongalia (791/15), Monroe(18/1), Morgan (24/1), Nicholas (22/1), Ohio (217/0), Pendleton (25/1),Pleasants (5/1), Pocahontas (39/1), Preston (93/21), Putnam (132/1), Raleigh(118/4), Randolph (199/3), Ritchie (3/0), Roane (12/0), Summers (2/0), Taylor(35/1), Tucker (7/0), Tyler (11/0), Upshur (34/2), Wayne (166/2), Webster(3/0), Wetzel (41/0), Wirt (6/0), Wood (208/11), Wyoming (15/0).

As case surveillance continues at the local health department level, it mayreveal that those tested in a certain county may not be a resident of thatcounty, or even the state as an individual in question may have crossed thestate border to be tested.

Pleasenote that delays may be experienced with the reporting of information from thelocal health department to DHHR.

Please visit thedashboard at http://www.coronavirus.wv.gov for more detailed information.

View original post here:

COVID-19 Daily Update 7-24-20 - 10 AM - West Virginia Department of Health and Human Resources

Phillies won’t be playing on Friday either – NBCSports.com

This qualifies as a big surprise, especially given MLB's current circumstances.

Braves outfielder Nick Markakis, who opted out of the season on July 6 after an "eye-opening" conversation with teammate Freddie Freeman, has opted back in. Freeman tested positive for COVID-19 at the beginning of July and experienced "body aches, headaches, chills and a highfever," his wife Chelsea wrote on Instagram. Shortly after news of Freeman's bout with coronavirus broke, both Markakis and first-year Braves starting pitcher Felix Hernandez opted out of the season.

But Markakis has changed his mind.

"Sometimes in life you make rash decisions without thinking them through," Markakis said Wednesday.

"At the time, I thought it was the right decision and it still could be the right decision. But I'm going against my decision. I'd like to come back. Sitting at home watching these guys compete the last couple of days and all the risks they're taking going out there, I just in a way, deep down, the pit of my stomach, I felt like I needed to be out there.

"It was nice to be home with the family but I know my family, my wife and my kids wanted me out here more than anything. I know there's challenging times out there right now. ... But deep down it didn't sit well with me and here I am now."

It's been a tryingmonth for the Braves. Freeman, top left-handed reliever Will Smith, pitcher Touki Toussaint and utilityman Pete Kozma all tested positive for COVID-19. Markakis and Hernandez opted out. Yasiel Puig, brought in to replace Markakis, also tested positive so the Braves did not sign him.

Separately, Cole Hamels, signed to a one-year, $18 million contract in the offseason, is on the IL with a triceps injury and is not expected back soon.

Freeman was back in time for opening day last Friday, and Smith cleared COVID protocol over the weekend. Now Markakis is back. The Braves have begun the season 2-3 against the Mets and Rays.

The timing of Markakis' decision is surprising in light of 16 Marlins reportedly testing positive for COVID-19, with the Phillies off until Saturday and the Nationals off this weekend because they were scheduled to face the Marlins. The NL East has already been significantly affected by the realities of 2020.

Markakis, when ready, will likely slide back into right field for the Braves, pushing Ronald Acua Jr. back to center and Ender Inciarte out of the starting lineup on nights they optimize for offense with DH Matt Adams. On other nights, Markakis could DH with Inciarte roaming the outfield.

In 14 big-league seasons, Markakis has hit .288/.358/.424 with 499 doubles and 188 homers. With 2,355 career hits, he's a longshot to reach 3,000 but it's possible. He turns 37 in November. His numbers in 91 games against the Phillies are similar to his career numbers, though he's homered just four times and has slugged about 20 points lower than against the rest of the NL East.

Markakis is the first player to opt back in for the season. In total, 14 MLB players have opted out of the season:

Nationals catcher Welington Castillo

Rockies reliever Tim Collins

Rockies outfielder Ian Desmond

Braves starting pitcher Felix Hernandez

Cardinals reliever Jordan Hicks

White Sox starting pitcher Michael Kopech

Diamondbacks starting pitcher Mike Leake

Red Sox pitcher Collin McHugh

Pirates reliever Hector Noesi

Giants catcher Buster Posey

Dodgers starting pitcher David Price

Nationals pitcher Joe Ross

Cubs outfielder Mark Zagunis

Nationals first baseman Ryan Zimmerman

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Phillies won't be playing on Friday either - NBCSports.com

UPDATED: Foxwoods employee tested positive for COVID-19 this week – theday.com

Mashantucket A Foxwoods Resort Casino employee tested positive for COVID-19 two days ago, the casinos interim chief executive officer, Jason Guyot, said today, correcting information the casino released hours earlier.

A statement attributed to Guyot said the employee had tested positive July 22.

We wanted to correct that, Guyot said. We were made aware of the positive test on July 27. The employee was tested that day and got the results back that day. We immediately startedcontact tracing and identified a handful of individuals the employee had been in close contact with.

Guyot said the employee worked in a small department, mainly in the back of the house, and had little contact with the public.

He said a Foxwoods team trained in responding to such cases identified the individual's contacts dating back to July 23, including anyone who had been within six feet of the employee for more than 15 minutes, even while wearing a mask.

Were getting them tested, and theyre all being quarantined for 14 days, even if they test negatively, Guyot said.

Its not known where the employee contracted the disease, he said, adding,We have no reason to believe it was here.

Guyot said it is the first case of a Foxwoods employee testing positive for the coronavirus disease. Foxwoods and Mohegan Sun both partially reopened June 1 after shutting down March 17 due to the outbreak of the disease.

Mohegan Sun revealed last week that one of its employees had tested positive on July 5 and had been hospitalized, and that two other employees who had contact with the first also tested positive. All three employees have returned to work after quarantining for 14 days, a Mohegan Sun spokesman said today.

Were confident in our resort safety protocols and the processes in place to help safeguard our teams and guests, Guyot said in theFoxwoods statement. In addition to mandatory mask usage and temperature checks for everyone, we are conducting wellness screenings for team members before each shift to ensure all are healthy and feeling their best. Team members who are feeling unwell are also asked to stay home.

We are constantly reevaluating where safety enhancements may be necessary and remain committed to keeping Foxwoods a safe destination for everyone, he said.

b.hallenbeck@theday.com

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UPDATED: Foxwoods employee tested positive for COVID-19 this week - theday.com

Hear how three startups are approaching quantum computing differently at TC Disrupt 2020 – TechCrunch

Quantum computing is at an interesting point. Its at the cusp of being mature enough to solve real problems. But like in the early days of personal computers, there are lots of different companies trying different approaches to solving the fundamental physics problems that underly the technology, all while another set of startups is looking ahead and thinking about how to integrate these machines with classical computers and how to write software for them.

At Disrupt 2020 on September 14-18, we will have a panel with D-Wave CEO Alan Baratz, Quantum Machines co-founder and CEO Itamar Sivan and IonQ president and CEO Peter Chapman. The leaders of these three companies are all approaching quantum computing from different angles, yet all with the same goal of making this novel technology mainstream.

D-Wave may just be the best-known quantum computing company thanks to an early start and smart marketing in its early days. Alan Baratz took over as CEO earlier this year after a few years as chief product officer and executive VP of R&D at the company. Under Baratz, D-Wave has continued to build out its technology and especially its D-Wave quantum cloud service. Leap 2, the latest version of its efforts, launched earlier this year. D-Waves technology is also very different from that of many other efforts thanks to its focus on quantum annealing. That drew a lot of skepticism in its early days, but its now a proven technology and the company is now advancing both its hardware and software platform.

Like Baratz, IonQs Peter Chapman isnt a founder either. Instead, he was the engineering director for Amazon Prime before joining IonQ in 2019. Under his leadership, the company raised a $55 million funding round in late 2019, which the company extended by another $7 million last month. He is also continuing IonQs bet on its trapped ion technology, which makes it relatively easy to create qubits and which, the company argues, allows it to focus its efforts on controlling them. This approach also has the advantage that IonQs machines are able to run at room temperature, while many of its competitors have to cool their machines to as close to zero Kelvin as possible, which is an engineering challenge in itself, especially as these companies aim to miniaturize their quantum processors.

Quantum Machines plays in a slightly different part of the ecosystem from D-Wave and IonQ. The company, which recently raised $17.5 million in a Series A round, is building a quantum orchestration platform that combines novel custom hardware for controlling quantum processors because once quantum machines reach a bit more maturity, a standard PC wont be fast enough to control them with a matching software platform and its own QUA language for programming quantum algorithms. Quantum Machines is Itamar Sivans first startup, which he launched with his co-founders after getting his Ph.D. in condensed matter and material physics at the Weizmann Institute of Science.

Come to Disrupt 2020 and hear from these companies and others on September 14-18. Get a front-row seat with your Digital Pro Pass for just $245 or with a Digital Startup Alley Exhibitor Package for $445. Prices are increasing next week, so grab yours today to save up to $300.

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Hear how three startups are approaching quantum computing differently at TC Disrupt 2020 - TechCrunch

Looking Back on The First-Ever Photo of Quantum Entanglement – ScienceAlert

This stunning image captured last year by physicists at the University of Glasgow in Scotland is the first-ever photo of quantum entanglement - a phenomenon so strange, physicist Albert Einstein famously described it as 'spooky action at a distance'.

It might not look like much, but just stop and think about it for a second: this fuzzy grey image was the first time we'd seen the particle interaction that underpins the strange science of quantum mechanics and forms the basis of quantum computing.

Quantum entanglement occurs when two particles become inextricably linked, and whatever happens to one immediately affects the other, regardless of how far apart they are. Hence the 'spooky action at a distance' description.

This particular photo shows entanglement between two photons - two light particles. They're interacting and - for a brief moment - sharing physical states.

Paul-Antoine Moreau, first author of the paper wherein the image was unveiled back in July 2019, told the BBC the image was "an elegant demonstration of a fundamental property of nature".

To capture the incredible photo, Moreau and a team of physicists created a system that blasted out streams of entangled photons at what they described as 'non-conventional objects'.

The experiment actually involved capturing four images of the photons under four different phase transitions. You can see the full image below:

(Moreau et al., Science Advances, 2019)

What you're looking at here is actually a composite of multiple images of the photons as they go through a series of four phase transitions.

The physicists split the entangled photons up and ran one beam through a liquid crystal material known as -barium borate, triggering four phase transitions.

At the same time they captured photos of the entangled pair going through the same phase transitions, even though it hadn't passed through the liquid crystal.

You can see the setup below: The entangled beam of photons comes from the bottom left, one half of the entangled pair splits to the left and passes through the four phase filters. The others that go straight ahead didn't go through the filters, but underwent the same phase changes.

(Moreau et al., Science Advances, 2019)

The camera was able to capture images of these at the same time, showing that they'd both shifted the same way despite being split. In other words, they were entangled.

While Einstein made quantum entanglement famous, the late physicist John Stewart Bell helped define quantum entanglement and established a test known as 'Bell inequality'. Basically, if you can break Bell inequality, you can confirm true quantum entanglement.

"Here, we report an experiment demonstrating the violation of a Bell inequality within observed images," the team wrote in Science Advances.

"This result both opens the way to new quantum imaging schemes ... and suggests promise for quantum information schemes based on spatial variables."

The research was published in Science Advances.

A version of this article was first published in July 2019.

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Looking Back on The First-Ever Photo of Quantum Entanglement - ScienceAlert

Ripple Executive Says Quantum Computing Will Threaten Bitcoin, XRP and Crypto Markets Heres When – The Daily Hodl

Ripple CTO David Schwartz says quantum computing poses a serious threat to the future of cryptocurrency.

On the Modern CTO Podcast, Schwartz says quantum computing will break the cryptographic algorithms that keep cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin (BTC) and XRP as well as the internet at large secure.

From the point of view of someone who is building systems based on conventional cryptography, quantum computing is a risk. We are not solving problems that need powerful computing like payments and liquidity the work that the computers do is not that incredibly complicated, but because it relies on conventional cryptography, very fast computers present a risk to the security model that we use inside the ledger.

Algorithms like SHA-2 and ECDSA (elliptic curve cryptography) are sort of esoteric things deep in the plumbing but if they were to fail, the whole system would collapse. The systems ability to say who owns Bitcoin or who owns XRP or whether or not a particular transaction is authorized would be compromised

A lot of people in the blockchain space watch quantum computing very carefully and what were trying to do is have an assessment of how long before these algorithms are no longer reliable.

Schwartz says he thinks developers have at least eight years until the technology, which leverages the properties of quantum physics to perform fast calculations, becomes sophisticated enough to crack cryptocurrency.

I think we have at least eight years. I have very high confidence that its at least a decade before quantum computing presents a threat, but you never know when there could be a breakthrough. Im a cautious and concerned observer, I would say.

Schwartz says crypto coders should closely follow the latest public developments in quantum computing, but hes also concerned about private efforts from the government.

The other fear would be if some bad actor, some foreign government, secretly had quantum computing way ahead of whats known to the public. Depending on your threat model, you could also say what if the NSA has quantum computing. Are you worried about the NSA breaking your payment system?

While some people might realistically be concerned it depends on your threat model, if youre just an average person or an average company, youre probably not going to be a victim of this lets say hypothetically some bad actor had quantum computing that was powerful enough to break things, theyre probably not going to go after you unless you are a target of that type of actor. As soon as its clear that theres a problem, these systems will probably be frozen until they can be fixed or improved. So, most people dont have to worry about it.

Featured Image: Shutterstock/Elena11

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Ripple Executive Says Quantum Computing Will Threaten Bitcoin, XRP and Crypto Markets Heres When - The Daily Hodl

Over 100 million cash boost to manufacture millions of doses of COVID-19 vaccine – GOV.UK

The UKs capability to manufacture vaccines has received a substantial boost today (Thursday 23 July), as the government announces an additional 100 million to ensure that any successful COVID-19 vaccine can be produced at scale in the UK.

The investment will fund a state-of-the-art Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult Manufacturing Innovation Centre to accelerate the mass production of a successful COVID-19 vaccine in the UK. Due to open in December 2021, the Centre will have the capacity to produce millions of doses each month, ensuring the UK has the capabilities to manufacture vaccines and advanced medicines, including for emerging diseases, far into the future.

Located in Braintree, Essex, the government initiative will upgrade an existing facility to create a fully-licensed manufacturing centre. Doing so will increase the UKs ability to respond to diseases like coronavirus and to prepare for potential future pandemics while creating new, high-skilled jobs to fuel the UKs economic recovery.

The new centre will complement the Vaccines Manufacturing and Innovation Centre (VMIC), which is currently under construction in Oxfordshire thanks to a 93 million investment from the government. Once complete next year, the facility will have the capacity to produce enough vaccine doses to serve the entire UK population at scale.

While the centre is under construction, the government has invested an additional 38 million to establish a rapid deployment facility, opening later this summer, that will support efforts to ensure a successful vaccine is widely available to the public as soon as possible.

Business Secretary Alok Sharma said:

We are taking all necessary steps to ensure we can vaccinate the public as soon as a successful COVID-19 vaccine becomes available.

This new Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult Manufacturing Innovation Centre, alongside crucial investment in skills, will support our efforts to rapidly produce millions of doses of a coronavirus vaccine while ensuring the UK can respond quickly to potential future pandemics.

To support these enhanced vaccine manufacturing capabilities, the government will invest an additional 4.7 million for the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult to ensure that the UK has the best skills and expertise through the development of virtual and physical national Centres for Advanced Therapies Training and Skills, in partnership with industry.

The facilities and online training platform will provide industry-standard skills and experience in advanced gene therapy and vaccine manufacturing, including sterile techniques for Good Manufacturing Practice which is the minimum standard that a medicines manufacturer must meet in their production processes.

Employment in the cell and gene therapy sector is predicted to reach over 6,000 jobs by 2024, with over 3,000 in manufacturing and bioprocessing.

Matthew Durdy, CEO, Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult commented:

This commitment from government through the Vaccines Taskforce will enable continued growth and productivity in the cell and gene therapy sector, as well as providing vital resource for vaccine manufacturing and economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic.

We are delighted to be able to deploy the specialist capabilities of the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult in such an important initiative. Accelerating the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, increasing skills and employment, and facilitating growth of the advanced medicines industry will make a valuable contribution to the recovery of the economy.

Kate Bingham, Chair of the Vaccines Taskforce said:

Todays announcement is another important milestone for us. The work of the Vaccines Taskforce is focused on protecting the UK against COVID-19 through vaccination as quickly as possible.

In order to vaccinate our high-risk populations at the earliest opportunity, the government has agreed to proactively manufacture vaccines now, so we have millions of doses of vaccine ready if they are shown to be safe and effective. The acquisition of this state-of-the-art manufacturing centre will not only help us with this, but also ensures we are well-placed as a country to be able to cope with any pandemics or health crises in the future.

As well as addressing the immediate need to produce a COVID-19 vaccine, the new Cell and Gene Therapy Centre, developed with Innovate UK and the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, will be at the forefront of the growing UK cell and gene therapy industry. Scientists and researchers based in the centre will accelerate the time taken for new treatments to be delivered to patients by developing cutting-edge therapies to treat life changing diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease and cancer.

The UK is at the forefront of international efforts to research and develop a COVID-19 vaccine and has provided 131 million funding to University of Oxford and Imperial College London to accelerate their work on 2 vaccine candidates.

This follows news on Monday (20 July) that the government secured early access to 90 million vaccine doses from the BioNTech/Pfizer alliance and Valneva as part of its strategy to build a portfolio of promising new vaccines to protect the UK from COVID-19. In addition, treatments containing COVID-19-neutralising antibodies have been secured from AstraZeneca to protect those who cannot receive vaccines.

The Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult was established as an independent centre of excellence to advance the growth of the UK cell and gene therapy industry, by bridging the gap between scientific research and full-scale commercialisation.

With more than 230 employees focusing on cell and gene therapy technologies, it works with partners in academia and industry to ensure these life-changing therapies can be developed for use in health services throughout the world. It offers leading-edge capability, technology and innovation to enable companies to take products into clinical trials and provide clinical, process development, manufacturing, regulatory, health economics and market access expertise. Its aim is to make the UK the most compelling and logical choice for UK and international partners to develop and commercialise these advanced therapies.

The Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult works with Innovate UK. For more information please visit the Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult or Innovate UK.

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Over 100 million cash boost to manufacture millions of doses of COVID-19 vaccine - GOV.UK

Keep the dist-dance – techtoday19

With the sour tang of dry ice, pounding dance music and more strobe lights in one room than are normally on the main stage of Glastonbury it may finally be an opportunity for some hedonism. With strict social distancing and hand sanitisation, of course.

Its not for the faint-hearted, designer Adam Smith said of the sensory Chemical Brothers experience he has created with his studio partner Marcus Lyall. We were trying to bring some of the visceral feeling you get from a live show into a different setting.

The duo have created the explosive final room of an exhibition exploring the history of electronic music, opening at the Design Museum in London on Friday.

The show was due to open in the spring but lockdown meant exhibits have been sitting in boxes for five months, waiting to be unleashed on the British public.

To begin with, 60 people an hour will be allowed in after booking time slots. A one-way system has been introduced, there is enhanced cleaning and face coverings are compulsory. Signs on the floor urge visitors to keep the dist-dance.

Some reopened museums have abandoned audio guides but Design Museum curators said visitors need headphones to get the full experience.

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Keep the dist-dance - techtoday19

NASA is Asking Students to Come up With a Lunar Dust Buster – Futurism

NASA is asking university students to come up with a solution to a very real problem: sticky lunar dust that can get pretty much anywhere, meaning it poses a very real threat to anybody planning to spend much time on the surface of the Moon.

The goalis a solution that can remove lunar dust or make surfaces impermeable to the stuff.

This competition gives students an unparalleled opportunity as members of the Artemis generation to help overcome the historically challenging technical obstacles of mitigating lunar dust, Niki Werkheiser, NASAs Game Changing Development program executive, said in a statement.

Since the Apollo missions, weve known that lunar dust is extremely clingy. Early NASA astronauts ended their spacewalks on the Moon covered in the stuff, likely caused by electrical charges built up by the moving around the lunar surface.

The more time you spend there, the more you get covered from helmet to boots with lunar dust, Buzz Aldrin was quoted in early NASA reports after completing the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. Aldrin also called lunar dust one of our greatest inhibitors to a nominal operation on the Moon.

Some Apollo astronauts carried special brushes with them to brush off spacesuits before getting back into the lander, as Discover reported in 2018. Other solutions included a vacuum, but it proved to be only minimally effective.

Making matters worse, recent studies have shown that lunar dust could react with human cells to create hydroxyl radicals, which have been linked to lung cancer.

With its upcoming Artemis missions, an effort to return astronauts to the Moon more than 50 years after Aldrin took his first steps there, NASA wants to get ahead of its dusty problem.

So its asking students for help. The agency is offering up to $180,000 to between five and ten teams chosen by a jury of competition judges. Participants will have to demonstrate that what theyve come up with can actually mitigate lunar dust.

Dealing with lunar dust will require incredibly creative and innovative approaches and collaborating with the Artemis generation through the BIG Idea Challenge is a strategic effort to fuel that type of innovation, Drew Hope, Game Changing Development program manager at NASAs Langley Research Center in Hampton, said in the statement.

Researchers at the agency have already tried a several new solutions in recent years. Last year, for instance, NASA scientists showed off a special coating technology that could dissipate electrical charges on spacecraft components, perhaps giving them the ability to shrug off lunar dust.

READ MORE: NASA Seeks BIG Ideas from Universities to Solve a Messy Problem [NASA]

More on lunar dust: Scientists Say Theyve Found a Way to Make Oxygen from Moon Dust

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NASA is Asking Students to Come up With a Lunar Dust Buster - Futurism