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Dry Bulk Shipping Company Scorpio Bulkers Debuts Offshore Wind Transition – gcaptain.com

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

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Scorpio Bulkers has announced plans to construct an offshore wind turbine installation vessel as the company looks to renewables for growth opportunities.

The NYSE-listed dry bulk shipping company announced Monday it has signed a Letter of Intent for the construction of the vessel with South Korean shipbuilder Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME) with options for additional vessels.

The Wind Turbine Installation Vessel (WTIV) will be designed by GustoMSC design and includes a 1,500-tonne Leg Encircling Crane (LEC) from Huisman Equipment.

The total project cost is expected to be approximately $265 to $290 million, subject to final design modifications, Scorpio said.The contract is expected to be signed in early Q4 2020 and will include options to construct up to an additional three vessels having similar specifications.

Scorpio Bulkers is embarking on a new and exciting journey. The world urgently needs to reduce emissions and offshore wind will make a pivotal contribution, said Emanuele A. Lauro, Scorpio Bulkers Chairman and CEO.

Incorporated in the Marshall Islands, Scorpio Bulkers (NYSE: SALT) was launched in March 2013 by the same management team as Scorpio Tankers (NYSE: STNG). The company owns and operates a fleet of approximately 55 mid- to large-size dry bulk vessels, specifically Ultramax and Kamsarmax vessels (62,000 and 82,000 deadweight tonnes, respectively).

Lauro said the new strategic direction in offshore wind will result in higher and more predictable shareholder returns in a structural growth market.

According to the company, the offshore wind sector is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of over 15 percent over the next decade, with a growing shortage of vessels that can install and maintain the next-generation turbines.

Our transition has begun, said Lauro.

Scorpio has a history of executing complex maritime projects and of building teams and expertise to enter new markets. We are fully committed to this new direction as an area of significant value creation for our shareholders and alignment with our multiple stakeholders, he added.

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Dry Bulk Shipping Company Scorpio Bulkers Debuts Offshore Wind Transition - gcaptain.com

What slavery case exposed about exploitation in NZ – Newsroom

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

AUGUST 10, 2020 Updated 17 hours ago

Associate Professor Christina Stringer is from the Department of Management and International Business at the University of Aucklands Business School.

Ideasroom

Let's not delude ourselves, temporary migrant workers are being exploited in this country -and it'snothing new, writes Christina Stringer

The reality of slavery, human trafficking and the exploitation of temporary migrant workers in New Zealand was exposed last month with the successful conviction of a 66-year-old man in the Napier Crown Court.

Joseph Matamata was found guilty on 13 charges of dealing with slaves and 10 charges of trafficking people. This was the first time the slavery charge was used in New Zealand. It is the fourth people-trafficking trial but only the second that has led to a people trafficking conviction. Defendants in the other two trials were found not guilty of people trafficking but guilty of other offences.

On the same day Matamata was sentenced to 11 years, the Government announced policy changes to further address the exploitation of temporary migrant workers. These changes were a result of an extensive review undertaken by MBIE into migrant worker exploitation in New Zealand. Research I undertook with colleagues fed into this review.

The facts of the Matamata case, which the judge described as abhorrent, might have surprised some New Zealanders who think trafficking and slavery are crimes that only take place overseas. But let us not delude ourselves, temporary migrant workers are being exploited in this country -and it is nothing new. One only needs to scan media headlines over the past years to find reports of exploitation, and they are becoming more common.

Just this week in the media have been reports of the exploitation of migrant workers working for Ravinder Arora, a franchisee owner of Bottle-O stores. Arora is reported as paying his staff as little as $7 per hour. It is also reported that he has failed 19 investigations by the Labour Inspectorate.

We do not know how extensive exploitation is, and numbers of victims are difficult to estimate as this is a population that is vulnerable for a number of reasons. Some are open to exploitation because of debt associated with coming to New Zealand and their visa status, as well as difficulties in finding employment and their lack of knowledge of employment rights. In some instances, employer-sponsored visas feed into the vulnerability of migrant workers.

Many do not speak up because they fear losing their jobs and, by extension, their visas, making them subject to deportation. They may also not speak up because of the fear of losing opportunities -and so their exploitation continues: They are underpaid, they experience poor working conditions and, in some cases, poor living conditions. Some are required to pay back a portion of their wages to their employer in what arebecoming elaborate schemes. Workers were paid their legal entitlements, thus allowing their employer to maintain legitimate wage records, with the requirement they pay back cash to their employer -undercutting their legal entitlement. Others are subject to mental and emotional abuse, some even physical abuse -a major factor in the Matamata case.

So what is the Government doing to help the plight of these workers? Itis proposing a set of policy and operational changes focused on prevention, protection and enforcement. For example, a helpline will be established to provide a mechanism for temporary migrant workers to report exploitation. The proposed stronger enforcement mechanisms - i.e. the banning of those convicted of exploitation from managing or directing a company - and a focus on franchisees and third party companies such as labour hire companies are also key initiatives. There is also a proposal to create a new visa for those reporting they are being exploited.

But the Government cant do it alone; unions and migrant support networks cannot do it alone. Temporary migrant workers play a critical role in our workforce and addressing their exploitation requires an across-the-board effort.We all have a part to play. The following cases show what the public can do and how institutions can respond.

In 2016, Faroz Ali was convicted of 15 counts of people trafficking from charges laid as a result of a member of the public speaking up. One of his victims had talked to someone at church about her exploitative conditions. That parishioner contacted others, which led to chargesbeing laid against Ali.

Last month, the New Zealand Institute of Chartered Accountants terminated Nafisa Ahmeds membership for bringing disrepute to the industry.Ahmed, part of the Bangladeshi sweet shop case, was convicted on exploitation charges and is currently on probation after serving one year of a two-and-a-half-year sentence.

I have said in the past that the contribution of migrant workers to the New Zealand economy must be valued and their vulnerabilities addressed. My view remains the same -and we still have a way to go.

Originally posted here:

What slavery case exposed about exploitation in NZ - Newsroom

This coalition wants to fix the restaurant industry’s inequities – Fast Company

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

If restaurants have struggled during the pandemic, restaurant workers are struggling even more, in part because their economic situation was already precarious before the outbreak. The federal subminimum wage for tipped workers is still the same as it was nearly 30 years ago: $2.13 an hour. Now, as many restaurants reopen and workers return, some restaurant owners are arguing that the industry needs to fundamentally change.

In New York, chefs including David Chang and Tom Colicchio are asking the state to adopt a Safe and Just Reopening plan that eliminates the subminimum wage (at $11.80 an hour, New Yorks is higher than the federal version, but still below the states $15-an-hour minimum wage) and allows servers to share tips with back-of-house and kitchen staff. The plan also calls for restaurants to be able to charge a 5% safe reopening fee and seeks payroll tax relief for restaurants.

Many restaurant workers who lost work as the outbreak grew are in crisis now, says Saru Jayaraman, the president of One Fair Wage, an organization that aims to lift tipped workers out of poverty. As the COVID-19 outbreak grew, the nonprofit learned about the details of personal struggles as some workers applied for its emergency coronavirus relief fund. Three months ago, workers were writing in, saying, I really need this money to get groceries for my kids, she says. Now, three months later, theyre telling us, I am at the breaking point. I think Im going to have to steal food for my children. I dont have money for gas to get to the food bank.'

Some workers are facing eviction. Others cant pay their utility bills. I just dont think that people understand the severity of the crisis, Jayaraman says. Now, as many are being asked to go back to work, they face a different problem: Tips are way down because fewer people are eating out. We cannot ask the workers to risk their lives to go back to a very risky situation for a subminimum wage, she says. Not only can we not ask itmany workers are just refusing to do it, which is resulting in a lot of employers just going ahead and paying the minimum wage because they cant get their employees to come back otherwise. So even at a market level, its happening, and thats why legislators need to step in right now rather than putting all of these workers at such severe risk for a subminimum wage.

The subminimum wage is a legacy of slavery, as a recent report from One Fair Wage explains. At the time of Emancipation, restaurant owners turned to newly freed slaves for cheap labor. Tipping at the time was common in Europe, but only as a supplement to full wages; in the U.S., new laws changed the practice so workers would have to rely primarily on tips. Today, in New York, tipped workers are still more than twice as likely to live below the poverty line than other workers in the state, and nearly twice as likely to live on food stamps. Tipped workers who are women and people of color are even more likely to live in poverty.

The restaurant industry needs immediate relief, and needs to address long-standing racial inequities in our industry at the same time, 50 restaurant owners and 200 restaurant workers wrote in a letter to state legislators in New York. (Its worth noting that some restaurant workers have resisted changes to the status quo in the past, fearing that theyll lose tips.) Jayaraman says that momentum is building in many of the 42 other states that also still have a subminimum wage. Some people are calling it the great awakening, she says. Weve been counting, and I think weve been approached by close to 200 restaurants nationwide wanting to transition to full livable minimum wage, either because of the pandemic, or after George Floyds murder, a lot of restaurants reached out to think about how to move away from this legacy of slavery. Joe Biden has also endorsed the idea of one fair wage for all workers. I think, finally, people are seeing that we cant go forward with a system that didnt work, Jayaraman says.

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This coalition wants to fix the restaurant industry's inequities - Fast Company

Ireland and Slavery: Framing Irish Complicity in the Slave Trade – CounterPunch

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

The first instalment in this two-part series, which focused on dismantling the Irish slaves myth, made three critical assertions: first, that the attempt to draw equivalence between Irish (and British, Scottish) indenture and African chattel slavery was untenable, and callous in the extreme and almost always deliberately concocted at source through flagrant manipulation of numbers and chronology; secondly, that the narrow channels in which the debate has been confined obscure important developments in the evolution of race and race-making in the plantation societies of the Americas; and third, that although indenture and racially-based slavery for life were not comparable in terms of scale or importance in generating the economic foundations that would launch global capitalism, it was also mistaken to regard them as galaxies apart: they were distinct but related forms of exploitation at the birth of the modern world.

In the article that follows I want to turn to a related question, and one that has drawn attention as controversy over the Irish slaves myth has raged on social media: Irish complicity in the transatlantic slave trade. On 12 June theIrish Timespublished anarticlepenned by Ronan McGreevy under the headline Many Irish were implicated in the slave trade and the legacy lives on [since altered: the online version is now headed Links to slave trade evident across Ireland]. McGreevys piece reiterates some of the same points made in a similararticlethat appeared in the (London)Sunday Timesseveral years earlier, quoting independent historian Liam Hogan and citing thedatabasecompiled by researchers at theCentre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slave-ownershipat University College London. Some of this has since made its way into social media, including a post by Hogan himself onMediumand a widely-shared blog from Waterford entitled Tainted by the Stain of Original Sin: Irish Participation in the Atlantic Slave Trade.[1]

Individually and cumulatively these convey a strong impression that the Irish were deeply implicated in the slave trade, and it is this assertion that I want to explore in some depth below. Readers will recall that while acknowledging the important work that has been done in countering the Irish slaves myth, I expressed reservations about the ways in which trends in Irish history writing over recent decades have shaped the discussion. In particular the dismissal of Irelands colonial subjection as either overdrawn or insignificant, and the framing of this discussion in narrow terms of national identity rather than the wider framework of social relations and class conflict, combine to impede an honest reckoning with the past.

An Obscenely Unequal Society

These problems are conspicuous in the way Irish complicity in the slave trade has been framed in the coverage noted above. It is impossible, for example, to spend more than an hour digging in to the Irish connections highlighted in the UCL database without being knocked over the head with the obvious fact that those slaveowners resident in Ireland who were compensated by the British government after emancipation represented, overwhelmingly, the cream of the Anglo-Irish elite, drawn from the (Protestant) landed gentry and with a large proportion of them playing prominent roles in overseeing British colonial administration in an Ireland then under fairly intensive military occupation. A considerable number of them were drawn from the officer class in the British military at the time almost exclusively the preserve of sons of the landed aristocracy and most were large landlords, often owning more than one estate in Ireland alongside residences in London and often multiple plantations in Britains sugar colonies in the Caribbean. One could hardly find a more perfect illustration of the close interrelationship between the ascendancy/gentry and membership of the Anglican Church, British army garrison and [Britains] Irish administration, though the close correlation between Irish slave-owning and the elaborate nexus of British power in Ireland goes completely unacknowledged.

While it is this class that benefitted most directly from slave-owning, two important qualifications are in order. First, there are wider layers of Irish society that profited indirectly from the transatlantic slave trade merchants and big farmers, others engaged in selling provisions to, and purchasing the staples generated by, slave labour in the colonies. Secondly, even among slave owners, there are exceptions to this profile a layer of Catholic elites who also found their way into slave-owning, and whose role we will discuss below. But the arresting fact so conspicuously absent from every recent discussion of Irish complicity is thatthe same unrepresentative Irish elite which benefited directly from the exploitation of African slaves in the British sugar colonies was simultaneously engaged in the exploitation of a desperately poor landless majority in Ireland with a vast military machine at its disposal in both locations to enforce its rule.

While it is possible that the omission of this aspect of Irish complicity can be put down to lack of depth in popular treatment of the subject, its far more likely that the historiographical context touched upon in the first essay has shaped, in profound ways, the packaging of Irelands relationship with transatlantic slavery. In places Hogan has pushed back against the notion that the Irish were uniformly immersed in transatlantic slavery, though little of this nuance has made it into popular discussion. He has been quoted as suggesting that the reluctance to acknowledge an Irish role in slave-trading is rooted in a post-colonial aversion to acknowledging the dark side to Irish history, but readers are justified in being sceptical about the bona fides of an establishment on both sides of the border which devotes such considerable energy to denigrating the revolutionary tradition in Irish history. Conservative trends in academic writing noted earlier find more crass and heavy-handed expression across mainstream print and television media, and are rarely subject to criticism.

Three major, interrelated problems mar the discussion of Irish complicity in the slave trade: a deep aversion to acknowledging the effects of colonial rule in Ireland that coincides, neatly enough, with a framework that emphasises Ireland as an imperial power in its own right: thus the assertion among revisionist historians of an Irish empire in the nineteenth century, at a time when the country did not enjoy even limited self-rule. At many levels this is a complete absurdity, and although beyond the scope of this article, its worth considering the political context in which such an assertion has managed to gain traction.[2]

A third major defect, not unrelated to these, is the conflation of the conditions facing Irelands landless majority with that of an ostentatiously wealthy ruling class, whose opulent lives contrasted so sharply with the circumstances confronting ordinary people. Thedistinction madelater by James Connolly between the Irish rural and urban working classes and the rack-renting landlord and profit-grinding capitalist is pertinent here. As one reflective daughter of the gentry recalled, until its fall in the late nineteenth century Anglo-Irish landowners presided over a feudal order, usually ensconced behind high walls in the Big House, and inhabiting a world of their own[,] with Ireland outside the gates.[3] Absent a frank acknowledgment of these vast disparities, the framing of Irish complicity in transatlantic slavery rests on a complete obliteration of class in 18thand 19thcentury Ireland at the time an obscenely unequal society, and one perched in 1834 (the year Britain compensated former slaveowners) on the very precipice of mass starvation.

Ruling Ireland at the Height of the Slave Trade

As the profile of Irish slave ownership suggests, the profits accruing from involvement in transatlantic slavery were distributed unevenly, with those at the top of Irish society taking the lions share. Overwhelmingly these individuals were drawn from the landed gentry, which after the Cromwellian transformation commencing in the mid-17thcentury hailed overwhelmingly from Protestant and settler backgrounds. Land ownership provided the fulcrum of colonial power for more than two centuries afterward, and by the third quarter of the 17thcentury the sectarian dimension to land ownership was clearly established, with consequences that would endure down to the present day. In a country whose population were overwhelmingly Catholic, more than 95 percent of land was in the hands of an Anglo-Irish elite whose ascendancy dated to the Elizabethan, Cromwellian, and Williamite conquests. A substantial proportion of these were absentee landlords, living most of their time either in England or in the British colonies, including the West Indies.[4]

There were, of course, enlightened individuals among this class who treated their Irish tenants and labourers with a degree of paternalism, but on the whole they saw themselves as a socially and culturally distinct class, and as unapologetic agents of British colonialism in Ireland. They recruited their loyal retainers and the most influential personnel on their estates either from the settler community or directly from England. John Scott, the future Earl of Clonmell, captured the landlords acute sense of separation when he wrote, in 1774, that a man in station [in Ireland] is really like a traveller in Africa, in a forest among the Hottentots and wild beasts. While a cautious man might subdue and defend himselfhe must be eternally on the watch and on his guard against his next neighbours.[5]Thomas Carlyle, the pro-slavery propagandist who dreaded the advent of mass democracy in Britain, noted a kind of charm in the poor savage freedom he observed among rural labourers in the west of Ireland, concluding that the area was as like Madagascar as England.[6]

The massive English garrison stationed in Ireland functioned largely as an instrument for the imposition of gentry rule. In 1834 the same year Britain enacted slave compensation an observer in Tipperary noted the array of bayonets that gave Ireland the appearance of a recently conquered territory, throughout which an enemys army [has] distributed its encampments. It was not only their numerical strength that was striking, but the militarys function. The whole machinery of law and order was at the disposal of the landed elite and, to a lesser extent, the established (Anglican) Church. Magistrates, bailiffs, police inspectors and court officials were largely drawn from among its closest allies, and almost reflexively the gentry treated this repressive apparatus as its own. They had ready access to the colonial administration in Dublin Castle, evident in the request from one Mayo landlord (at the height of the Famine) that a police barracks be erected on his estate to assist in the collection [of] rent.

Increased desperation in the early decades of the nineteenth century saw police and military deployed regularly to suppress agrarian unrest and enforce evictions, and a number of bloody confrontations marked the tithe war of the 1830s, including the deaths of fourteen civilians at the hands of militia at Bunclody in 1831 and of eleven policemen the following year in Kilkenny. Between 1800 and the outbreak of famine the government enacted some 35 Coercive Acts aimed at containing agrarian violence.[7]

Irelands Catholic Elite: an Underground Gentry

Despite the preponderance of the Anglo-Irish elite at the top of society, its mistaken to view Irelands social order in this period in purely sectarian terms, and even the direct spoils of slave-holding extended beyond the settler elite. Despite Cromwells triumph, elements of the deposed Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman nobility had survived with their privilege largely intact. A small number seeing which way the wind was blowing converted to Protestantism. But a more substantial Catholic elite comprised of assimilated Old English and elements of the fallen Gaelic clans had, despite being excluded from the highest levels of power, made their peace with British rule in return for holding on (often as middlemen) to some of their formerly considerable property.

At a time when the masses of the Irish peasantry were mostly un-churched and only nominally committed to far-distant Rome, this Gaelic and especially Old English elite provided the lay leadership for Irish Catholicism. Closely tied to the hierarchy, they financed an ambitious programme of church-building, overseeing Catholic education and sending their sons off to colleges and seminaries on the European continent: it was almost exclusively from their ranks that the church appointed bishops. The Catholic elite looked back obsessively almost to the point of neurosis, Kevin Whelan observes to a Gaelic golden age when they had dominated Ireland, and while they sought restoration, increasingly they pursued an accommodation with British power pledging loyalty to the Crown in return for a relaxation of laws restricting public worship and excluding them from the professions and elected office. Ironically, their influence seems to have been left most unimpaired in Connacht where, having avoided Cromwells worst excesses, the flower of the Catholic gentry flourished.[8]This explains the inclusion of large Catholic landowners like Galways Peter Daly among the list of slaveowners compensated by London.[9]

The elemental conservatism of this small Catholic underground gentry intensified under the strain of revolutionary upheaval in France, heightened again by the social discontent unleashed in the 1798 United Irish rebellion and, in the early 19th century, by increasing agrarian polarisation across Irish society itself. These tensions brought landed Catholics totally out of sympathy with political radicalism into ever-closer collaboration with British rule in Ireland. Throughout the 17thand 18thcenturies they walked a fine line between exploiting the disaffection of the Irish peasantry to further their own class ambitions and straining to ensure that the upheavals unleashed against English invaders did not spill over into attacks on property: above all, Nicholas Canny writes, they were averse to revolutionary action [which] would have placed their own lands and positions in jeopardy.[10]This dynamic controlled mobilisation confined within the narrow channels of the constitutional question provided a template that would underpin Irish nationalism up to the present.

Though it is beyond the scope of this article, the resident Catholic gentrys involvement in transatlantic slavery was mirrored in the more substantial activity of its counterparts in exile on the European continent. In France especially, the tight-knit expatriate communities (mainly Old English) driven by Cromwells triumph to relocate from Galway, Cork and Waterford to port cities like Nantes and Bordeaux formed a mercantile littoral that was deeply engaged in slave-trading particularly in French-controlled San Domingue (Haiti). Whelan describes them as an Irish nation in waiting, and there were fragments of the same groups further south in Spain and in the regiments dispatched for the task of empire-building by Catholic Europe, but their power was fading by the late eighteenth century.

To the extent that Catholic Ireland can be said to have shared in the profits of slavery, this was concentrated mainly among the big merchants and provision suppliers in southern port cities an aspiring (minority) Catholic bourgeoisie which came increasingly to resent the political domination of the landed elite, both Protestant and Catholic. Overwhelmingly the formers fortunes (and the Irish economy more generally) were tied to an expanding British domestic market rather than provisioning the slave colonies. Nini Rodgers suggests, plausibly, that the growing prosperity attending their involvement in slavery helped bolster the confidence of this rising middle class in pushing aside the Catholic gentry and assuming leadership in seeking an extension of Catholic rights.[11] Still, their role in the broader story of Irish involvement in transatlantic slavery is a strictly subordinate one: they owed their position almost entirely to the commercial connections that came their way through the British empire, and by the late eighteenth century even British traders were losing their West Indian markets to cheaper American suppliers.

At a very general level it is no doubt true that, as Rodgersasserts, every group in Ireland produced merchants who benefitted from the slave trade, but as we move down the social order these benefits become less impressive. Perhaps it makes sense to include the ordinary sailors manning Liverpools transatlantic fleet among slaverys beneficiaries, or to assign complicity even to townspeople who consumed slave produce, like sugar; but their stake in maintaining slavery hardly compares with those at the top of Irish society.

The Irish Peasantry: A Stake in Slavery?

British involvement in transatlantic slavery intensified dramatically after the establishment of the Royal African Company in 1672, and by 1760 Britain had overtaken its European rivals as the foremost among those countries involved in the triangular trade. At its most profitable in the peak years of the second half of the 18thcentury, nearly 70% of British tax revenue came from tax on goods from its colonies, and after 1800 slave produce American cotton especially played an essential role in fuelling the dramatic industrial expansion bolstering Britains position in the global economy.

Although it is unquestionably the case that some of the wealth generated during the years between 1760 and British abolition in 1833 made its way to Ireland, its important to recognise that its impact was highly uneven. While this period is viewed by economists as an expanding age for the Irish economy, this expansion was marked by a striking paradox: the concentration of land in the hands of a small minority meant that while agricultural production continued to increaseso did the extent of poverty. This contradiction rested, Tuathaigh suggests, on the uneven distribution of the rewards of increased output.[12]

The notion that Ireland as a whole benefitted from slavery is impossible to square with extensive evidence that all through the period between the late eighteenth century and the onset of famine, conditions for the largest cohorts of Irish peasants small farmers, cottiers and labourers (who, combined, formed a majority of the overall population) declined steadily, year on year. In 1791, 85% of houses in Ireland were of the poorest condition most of them one-room mud cabins with dirt floors. Explosive population growth fuelled increased competition for meagre plots of mostly poor land, and desperation combined with the landlords profit-motive to drive further sub-division. A major survey of British government reports concludes not only that the majority of the Irish people [were] miserably poor, but that they retrogressed rather than progressed during the first half of the nineteenth century. This varied by region with Ulster somewhat insulated by the custom of tenant right and much of western seaboard, by contrast, marked by a condition of continuous and deep poverty but the general trend is clear.

Far from feeling any tangible lift in their circumstances under the impact of slave commerce, the mass of the Irish people were moving further into immiseration, and would in the late forties face a ravaging hunger almost completely unprotected. Alice Elfie Murray offered a poignant description of conditions in Connacht on the eve of the Great Hunger:

The Connaught labourers sometimes hired land for potatoes from their neighbours, [or] took possession of a portion of the waste ground[.] When their potatoes were planted they were often forced to leave their homes and beg in some neighbouring district. Even in Connaught, however, there was a great dislike to begging, and the peasantry were ashamed to be seen by their neighbours supporting themselves in this way. It was rare for any of them to go harvesting in England [as some 35,000 elsewhere in Ireland did annually], for they could not manage to raise the few shillings necessary for the journey. The small occupiers were nearly as destitute, and when their neighbours did not assist them they often died of starvation, as nothing would induce them to beg. There was no season of the year in which the Connaught peasants were sufficiently supplied with food. Their diet was simply inferior potatoes called lumpers eaten dry, [and] small farmers were often forced to bleed the one cow they possessed when their stock of potatoes was exhausted.[13]

This desperation manifested in one of two ways: localised, collective violence carried out by peasant secret societies or (probably more commonly) a fatalistic acquiescence to their circumstances on the part of the powerless majority. An English visitor to Ireland at the close of the eighteenth century noted the sharp contradiction between the language of liberty and a situation approximating slavery: a long series of oppressions, Arthur Young wrote, have brought landlords into a habit of exerting a very lofty superiority, and their vassals into that of an almost unlimited submission:

A landlord in Ireland can scarcely invent an order which a servant, labourer, or cottar dares to refuse to execute. Nothing satisfies him but an unlimited submission. Disrespect, or anything tending towards sauciness, he may punish with his cane or his horsewhip with the most perfect security; a poor man would have his bones broke if he offered to lift his hands in his own defence. Knocking-down is spoken of in the country in a manner that makes an Englishman stare. Landlords of consequence have assured me that many of their cottars would think themselves honoured by having their wives and daughters sent for to the bed of their master; a mark of slavery that proves the oppression under which such people must live.[14]

Liam Hogan has written movingly about conditions on the eve of the Famine, when the extravagance of the covered sedan chair that ferried robed judges back and forth to high court through the streets of Limerick coexisted alongside the ejected tenantry from the surrounding counties who make a run to the cities in search of food but ended up, many of them, as living skeleton[s]bones all but protruded through the shirtliterally starving in the towns dank cellars.[15] Nini Rodgers, comparing the circumstances of Irish cottiers and labourers with those of antebellum slaves in the US upper South, suggests that in purely material terms the former had it worse.[16]This is, of course, a highly problematic comparison: slaverys burden can hardly be reduced to material deprivation, and in many ways the late antebellum years were extremely traumatic for slaves in the upper South, as families were being dispersed and kin sold south and westward to feed the voracious demand for labour opened up by cotton expansion. But as an indicator of the oppression confronting a desperate majority in Ireland it offers a corrective to facile assertions about Irish complicity in slavery. Overwhelmingly the benefits of Irelands involvement in transatlantic slavery went to the same class that presided over the misery that culminated in the horrors of famine and mass starvation.

Frederick Douglass, Slavery and the Cause of Humanity

The difficulty of focusing public outrage on the singular horror accompanying racially-based slavery without losing sight of other forms of inequality was one that we face not only retrospectively as in the current discussion around indenture and chattel slavery but one that abolitionists faced in their own time. The escaped slave Frederick Douglass was shocked by the conditions he encountered during visits to Ireland in the mid-1840s. I see much here, he wrote in March of 1846, to remind me of my former condition, and I confess I should be ashamed to lift up my voice against American slavery, but that I know the cause of humanity is one the world over. He wrote movingly of finding it painful to walk Dublins streets, then almost literally alive with beggars, displaying the greatest wretchedness mere stumps of men, without feet, without legs, without hands, without armspressing their way through the muddy streetscasting sad looks to the right and left, in the hope of catching the eye of a passing stranger[.][17]

And yet, despite all this, Douglass was (rightly) unwilling to draw an equivalence between these dire circumstances and the predicament of his own people in the American slave states. His co-agitator Henry Highland Garnet faced the same dilemma in Belfast where, when thousands came to hear him speak at Newtonards, he baulked when asked by the Presbyterian moderator to denounce tenant slavery in Ireland. Their hesitation stemmed from a number of sources, including a tendency to accept thelaissez-faireoutlook of their day, which held that failure to rise under free labour conditions was the responsibility of individuals rather than anything systemic in emerging capitalism. Marx hadpointed towardan alternative framework when he insisted that the veiled slavery of the wage workers in Europe needed, for its pedestal, slavery pure and simple in the new world, but circumstances made any deeper exploration almost impossible at the time.

By far the main impediment to acknowledging a connection between chattel slavery and other forms of exploitation under capitalism was the regularity with which slaverys apologists tried to bundle false sympathy with the predicament of poor whites into a racist defence of human bondage. There are close parallels, of course, in the far-Rights attempts to concoct a white slaves myth to counter the surging global protests against racism. Douglass pinpointed the dynamic precisely when he observed that a large class of writersare influenced by no higher motive than that of covering up our national sins[;] and thusmany have harped upon the wrongs of Irishmen, while in truth they care no more about Irishmen, or the wrongs of Irishmen, than they care about the whipped, gagged, and thumb-screwed slave. They would as willingly sell on the auction-block an Irishman, if it were popular to do so, as an African.

In a situation where pro-slavery ideologues were trying to convince the public that the slaves had it good, Douglass and others were compelled, for obvious reasons, to focus on exposing the singular brutality of slavery. From our perspective more than a century and a half later, its clear that abolition ended slavery but left deeply embedded racism and global exploitation intact. The systemic inequalities that continue to block the possibilities for human freedom and which today threaten our very survival are felt most acutely by workers who carry the stigma of race carried over from the birth of our modern world. But their fate and ours are bound up together, no less than they were in 1840.

Notes.

[1]Liam Hogan, Following the money Irish slave owners in the time of abolition,Medium(13 Oct 2018); Cliona Purcell, inWaterford Treasures(9 June 2020).

[2]On the impact of renewed armed conflict after 1969 on nineteenth-century historiography, see Christine Kinealy,The Great Irish Famine: Impact, Ideology and Rebellion, pps. 2-5.

[3]Patrick J. Duffy, Colonial Spaces and Sites of Resistance: Landed Estates In 19th Century Ireland, p. 376:http://mural.maynoothuniversity.ie/5594/1/PD_Colonial.pdf.

[4]Duffy, 371; Terence A.M. Dooley, Estate ownership and management in nineteenth- and early twentieth century Ireland:http://www.aughty.org/pdf/estate_own_manage.pdf.

[5]Kevin Whelan, An Underground Gentry: Catholic Middlemen in Eighteenth-Century Ireland, inTheTree of Liberty: Radicalism, Catholicism, and the Construction of Irish Identity, 1760-1830, p. 35.

[6]Duffy, p. 381.

[7]D. Byrne, cited in Duffy, pps. 376-7; violence at Bunclody and Kilkenny, p. 378.

[8]Whelan, pps. 10-11, 17, 46-48; Nini Rodgers,Ireland: Slavery and Antislavery, 1612-1865, p. 95.

[9]A single Co. Antrim family the McGarel brothers from Larne claimed for nearly 3 times as many slaves (3546) as all nine Galway claimants combined.

[10]Gearid Tuathaigh,Ireland before the Famine, 1798-1842, p. 10; Nicholas Canny,Making Ireland British: 1580-1650, pps. 444-5; 521.

[11]Rodgers,Ireland: Slavery and Antislavery, pps. 158, 173.

[12] Tuathaigh, pps. 2, 124.

[13]Alice Effie Murray, History of the Commercial and Financial Relations between England and Ireland from the Period of the Restoration, p. 366; figures on seasonal labour from Donald MacRaild,Irish Migrants in Modern Britain, 1750-1922, p. 24.

[14]Arthur Young,A Tour In Ireland, 1776-1779, pps. 166-7:https://www.gutenberg.org/files/22387/22387-h/22387-h.htm

[15]Hogan, The 1830 Limerick Food Riots,The Irish Story:https://www.theirishstory.com/2016/02/23/the-1830-limerick-food-riots/#.XwtEXJNKj1I.

[16]Rodgers,Ireland: Slavery and Antislavery, pps. 315-6.

[17]Douglass to William Lloyd Garrison, March 1846:https://docsouth.unc.edu/neh/douglass/support12.html.

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Ireland and Slavery: Framing Irish Complicity in the Slave Trade - CounterPunch

5 Black Suffragists Who Fought for the 19th AmendmentAnd Much More – History

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

When Congress ratified the 19th Amendment on August 18,1920, giving American women the right to vote, it reflected the culmination of generations worth of work by resolute suffragists of all races and backgrounds. Historically, attention has focused on the efforts of white movement leaders like Susan B. Anthony, Alice Paul and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. But they worked alongside many lesser-known suffragists, such as Marie Louise Bottineau Baldwin, Dr. Mabel Ping-Hua Lee and Nina Otero-Warren, who made crucial contributions to the causewhile also battling racism and discrimination.

For their part, Black suffragists came to the suffrage movement from a different perspective, said Earnestine Jenkins, who teaches Black history and culture at the University of Memphis. Their movement, she says, grew out of the broader struggle for basic human and civil rights during the oppressive Jim Crow era.

But while many 19th-century womens rights advocates got their political start in the anti-slavery movement, not all were keen on seeing Black men leapfrog women for voting rights with the 15th Amendment. Viewing the issues competitively, some leading white suffragists aggressively sidelined Black womenand their broader civil rights issues, like segregation and racial violencefrom the movement. One strategy? Using their platforms to perpetuate stereotypes that women of color were uneducated or promiscuous.

Even after the 19th Amendment passed, promising that the right to vote would not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex, women of color continued to be barred from casting ballots in many states with tactics like poll taxes and literacy tests. Suffrage battles continued for decadesoften against a backdrop of intimidation and violence. Yet mid-century activists, like Fannie Lou Hamer, fought on, knowing the vote was a crucial tool for changing oppressive laws and dismantling entrenched racism. Here are five Black suffragists whose resourcefulness and persistence became instrumental in passing the 19th Amendment.

READ MORE: Women Who Fought for the Right to Vote

Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, circa1898.

Library of Congress

At a time in America when the majority of Black people were enslaved and women were rarely encouraged to have political opinionsmuch less share them in publicFrances Ellen Watkins Harper became a genuine celebrity as an orator. Second only to abolitionist Frederick Douglass in terms of prominent African American writers of her era, the poet, essayist and novelist frequently went on speaking tours to discuss slavery, civil rights and suffrageand donated many of the proceeds from her books to the Underground Railroad.

Born in 1825 in Baltimore to free Black parents, Harper received a rigorous education at the Watkins Academy for Negro Youth, founded by her uncle Rev. William Watkins, an abolitionist and educator. As a teenager, she began sending her poemswhich explored abolition, enslavement and her Christian faithto local African American newspapers and published her first poetry collection Autumn Leaves around 1845. Decades later, her novel, Iola Leroy, one of the first to be published by a Black woman in the U.S., told the story of a mixed-race woman raised as white, then sold into slaveryaddressing themes of race, gender and class.

Harper moved North in 1850 to teach, during which time she lived in a home that served as an Underground Railroad station. Hearing the stories of escaped slaves cemented her activism, along with the passage of an 1854 law that forced free Blacks who entered her home state of Maryland from the North into slavery. Unable to return home, she channeled her thoughts into activist writing and speaking.

When it came to the cause of womens suffrage, Harper was convinced it would not be achieved unless Black and white women worked together. But while Harper initially worked with leaders like Stanton and Anthony, she was also one of the first women to call them out in terms of their racism, notes Jenkins. Harpers most famous confrontation came when she spoke at the 1866 National Women's Rights Convention. You white women speak here of rights, Harper told the crowd, calling them out for their lack of female solidarity across racial divides. I speak of wrongs.

READ MORE: 7 Things You Might Not Know About Women's Suffrage

Mary Ann Shadd Cary

Library and Archives, Canada

Mary Ann Shadd Cary, whose parents used her childhood home as a refuge for fugitive slaves, became the first black woman in North America to publish a newspaper, The Provincial Freeman, in which she fearlessly advocated for abolition. After helping recruit Black soldiers for the Civil War and founding a school for the children of freed slaves, she taught school by day while attending law school at night, becoming one of the first Black female law graduates in the United States in 1883. When the suffrage movement gained steam in the 1870s, after the 15th Amendment granted the vote to Black men, she became an outspoken activist for womens rights, including the right to cast a ballot.

Carys legal and publishing background served her well in the fight for enfranchisement. In 1874, she was one of several suffragists who testified before the House Judiciary Committee about the importance of the right to vote. In her remarks, Cary stressed the unjustness of denying womenwho were both taxpayers and American citizensaccess to the ballot box. The crowning glory of American citizenship is that it may be shared equally by people of every nationality, complexion and sex, she told the committee.

READ MORE: Women's History Milestones: A Timeline

Mary Church Terrell, one of the first Black women to earn a college degree.

GHI Vintage/Universal Images Group/Getty Images

Pushed out of the mainstream suffrage movement by white leaders, Black suffragists through the 1800s founded their own clubs in cities across the U.S. Along with church-based organizing, the club movement was the foundation for so much activism by Black women in their communities, says Jenkins. With the creation of the National Association of Colored Women (NACW) in 1896, suffragists Mary Church Terrell and co-founder Josephine St. Pierre Ruffin became instrumental in consolidating Black suffrage groups across the country. Their agenda went beyond womens enfranchisement, addressing issues of job training, equal pay, educational opportunity and child care for African Americans.

Terrell, an educator, writer and organizer, also focused her work on fighting lynching, Jim Crow segregation and convict leasing, a system of forced penal labor. The daughter of formerly enslaved people who became successful business owners in Memphis, Tennessee, Terrell was one of the first Black women to obtain a college degree, earning both a bachelors and masters degree from Oberlin College. She also became the first Black woman appointed to the Washington, D.C.s Board of Education, and led a successful campaign to desegregate the citys hotels and restaurants.

In an 1898 address to the National American Women's Suffrage Association, she summarized her lifes work: Seeking no favors because of our color, nor patronage because of our needs, we knock at the bar of justice, asking an equal chance.

Educator Nannie Helen Burroughs.

Library of Congress/Corbis/VCG/Getty Images

In more than 200 speeches she gave across the country, educator, feminist and suffragist Nannie Helen Burroughs stressed the importance of womens self-reliance and economic freedom. A member of National Association of Colored Women, the National Association of Wage Earners and the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History, she saw voting as a crucial tool of empowerment, an extension of her lifetime commitment to educating African American women. One of her lasting achievements was to launch and run the National Training School for Women and Girls in Washington, D.C.

Burroughs also spoke of the need to address the lynchings of Black Americans throughout the country. The most important question that Black activists were concerned with from 1916 to 1920the years before the 19th Amendmentwere lynching and white mob violence against Black people, says Jenkins. Because of that, activists like Burroughs, Terrell and Wells saw the right to vote as a tool to create laws and protections for African Americans throughout the country.

READ MORE: This Huge Women's March Drowned Out a Presidential Inauguration in 1913

Journalist, suffragist and progressive activist Ida B. Wells, circa 1890s.

R. Gates/Hulton Archive/Getty Images

In addition to being one of the most prominent anti-lynching activists and respected journalists of the early 20th centuryshe owned two newspapersIda B. Wells was also a strident supporter of womens voting rights. In 1913, Wells, one of the founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, co-founded the Alpha Suffrage Club, Chicagos first African American suffrage organization. The club was notable for its focus on educating Black women about civics and its advocacy for the election of Black political officials.

But Wells and her peers often faced racism from the larger suffrage movement. When she and other Black suffragists tried to join a national suffrage march in Washington, D.C., in 1913, movement leader Alice Paul instructed them to walk at the back end of the crowd. Wells refused. Either I go with you or not at all, she told organizers. I am not taking this stand because I personally wish for recognition. I am doing it for the future benefit of my whole race.

READ MORE: When Ida B. Wells Took on Lynching, Threats Forced Her to Leave Memphis

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5 Black Suffragists Who Fought for the 19th AmendmentAnd Much More - History

Stars and bars removed from Remington’s seal – Fauquier Now

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Town officials covered the Confederate banner with the state flag as a temporary solution after the councils July 20 vote.

The six-member panel unanimously agreed to make the change at its July 20 meeting.

Its just one of those things, Councilman Stanley L. Heaney Sr. said of the plan to create a new seal that doesnt include the sometimes-called rebel or Dixie flag. Its time to do it. You know, with all this stuff in the news about the removal of and damage to Confederate-soldier statues.

Mr. Heaney added: People are vandalizing the (signs) coming into town scratching on them, beating them. Its just going to be an ongoing thing.

Designed by former Councilman Tom Reese Jr. and adopted in 1985, the existing Remington seal shows a locomotive pulling a car over a bridge that spans the Rappahannock River and an anchor flanked by the American and Confederate flags.

Remington then known as Rappahannock Station and the surrounding area played major roles in the Civil War, with Confederate and Union armies often crossing the river and camping there.

The town has a population of about 670.

Town signs include the Remington seal. Until they get replaced, Virginia state flag stickers will continue to cover the Confederate flags. Town police officer patches and town vehicle stickers incorporate the Remington seal and also will be replaced.

In time for its Aug. 17 meeting, the council wants town residents and business owners to submit alternative designs that it eventually will narrow to three.

From that list, town residents and business owners only will get to choose the winning entry, Councilman and Vice Mayor Devada R. Allison Jr. said.

We havent fully worked out the details of how were going to have town residents and business owners make that decision, Mr. Allison said.

But the council probably will come up with a selection process at its August meeting, he said.

The new design could be unveiled at Remingtons Fall Festival on Oct. 10, Mr. Allison said.

As far as we know, the fall festival is still going on, the councilman said. Thats the way I hope it goes down. But its a crazy time were in at the moment. So at this point who knows.

The council decided to change the seal under no organized outside pressure, Mr. Allison said.

He spoke of informal conversations he had on the street and in passing with people who expressed concerns because the seal contains the Confederate flag, he said.

I think with the way our nations going and the healing process, I think it was time, Mr. Allison said of his support for changing the town seal. I just think its time that we make sure that everybody knows Remington is a place where everybodys welcome, as long as youre here to respect and be kind to one another, as this town is.

Councilwoman Susan L. Tiffany recalled a discussion she had with Councilman Van M. Loving and Town Administrator Sharon Lee about making a change to the seal in late June.

But we knew we had to have a council meeting to bring it up, Ms. Tiffany said.

The councilwoman also talked with Stephanie Litter-Reber, who lives just outside of town, about the existing seal.

Mrs. Litter-Reber, who represents Lee District on the Fauquier County School Board, gave the council at its July a detailed history of the seal and its meaning based on phone a conversation with Mr. Reese.

In a prepared statement, she also told the council that the seal has served us well for 35 years. But, since most of the people driving through our town do not know the history or symbolism that went into its design, its viewed as a sign that our town accepts hatred, which couldn't be further from the truth.

In a July 20 email to the town, Mr. Reese, who lives near Midland, backed the replacement or redesign of the seal that he created.

I recommend that any offensive parts of the seal be removed and that, possibly, a brand new design be adopted by the town, he wrote.

ContactDon Del RossoatDon@FauquierNow.com or 540-270-0300.

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Stars and bars removed from Remington's seal - Fauquier Now

Albemarle safety ambassadors begin work this week – The Daily Progress

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

SUBMITTEDAn Albemarle County Ordinance makes masks mandatory in public, limits restaurants to 50% occupancy indoors and restricts certain public and private in-person gatherings to a maximum of 50 people until Sept. 29.

Albemarle Countys COVID-19 safety ambassadors will start visiting local businesses this week to make sure they understand the countys new regulations to help stem the viruss spread.

The Board of Supervisors in July passed an ordinance that makes masks mandatory in public, limits restaurants to 50% occupancy indoors and restricts certain public and private in-person gatherings to a maximum of 50 people.

Ambassadors will be working with business managers on areas for improvement and do not have enforcement authority.

County Executive Jeff Richardson told the board at its meeting last week that the program is supposed to be proactive, education oriented and about positive engagement.

We have devised materials that our ambassadors will take through the business community, to the various businesses in Albemarle County, he said. The focus will be talking with store owners, business owners, retail Management and doing walkthroughs and observations theyre going to be our eyes and ears on the ground, looking at how things are going.

According to a news release from the county, the ambassadors will be wearing blue polo shirts and white cloth face coverings with the county seal, and will carry a county-issued identification card, business card and an introduction letter from Richardson.

Albemarle safety ambassadors begin work this week - The Daily Progress

Chris Daughtry dishes on Live from Home Tour to benefit The Birchmere – WTOP

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Chris Daughtry presents his virtual "Live from Home Tour" on Aug. 18 to benefit 19 venues across the country, including The Birchmere in Alexandria, Virginia.

WTOP's Jason Fraley previews Daughtry's 'Live From Home Tour'

Hes one of the most successful American Idol alumni to rock out on his own terms.

Next week, Chris Daughtry presents his virtual Live from Home Tour on Aug. 18 to benefit 19 venues across the country, including The Birchmere in Alexandria, Virginia.

Were all itching to get back out on the road, Daughtry told WTOP. I never realized how much of my identity was wrapped up in touring until two weeks into quarantine and Im like, Who am I? This identity crisis. Its been great being at home and spending time with the kids and my wife but we wanted to do something to feel engaged with the fans.

So, he decided to launch this unique series to keep venues afloat during the pandemic.

We thought itd be awesome if we were able to pair up with these venues because we know how important they are to the community and to the music industry, Daughtry said. The Birchmere is such a legendary club and it just seemed really cool to be a part of that legend. We want to see these businesses hopefully stay in business and keep going.

You can stream the concert for $10 a ticket or more for bonus packages.

We have a soundstage set up in Nashville that were renting out, so well do the whole thing from there, Daughtry said. It wont be prerecorded, it will be live, so if theres any hiccups, youre gonna see every bit of them, but we want to keep it loose. We want the fans to feel engaged. Its certainly weird for us because we cant see them.

The interactive event includes a Q&A, song requests and VIP meet and greet.

Theyll be able to submit questions like you do on Instagram Live, so well be able to see those in real time, Daughtry said. As far as the set list, we wanted to certainly keep it fresh and bring back songs that we havent played since our first tour. Hopefully everybody walks away having fun and experience some joy to break up the monotony.

Ironically, Daughtry hasnt spent this much time at home since he was living outside of Greensboro, North Carolina, before auditioning for Season 5 of American Idol in 2006.

I was working at a car dealership doing the daily grind, playing clubs on weekends to try to get my name out there, Daughtry said. Where I lived at the time, there was a lot of market for cover bands but they didnt want any original music, so it was always kind of tough to get a gig, surprisingly. Going on that show certainlyturned the pages.

Daughtrys gravelly voice and rock star presence became so popular with the judges that fans were shocked when he placed fourth. Still, like Jennifer Hudson and Adam Lambert, the runners-up often achieve more success than the actual winners, asDaughtry remains the third top-selling Idol alum behind only Kelly Clarkson and Carrie Underwood.

Nothing was given to me, it didnt fall in my lap, I had to work my ass off, Daughtry said. Even after the show, it was a lot of work. I didnt have days off. When everybody else was hanging out and partying on the Idol tour, Im back in the hotel room writing and recording. I believe you get in this world what you put out and I always try to do my part.

It paid off, as his self-titled debut album Daughtry went straight to No. 1 in 2006, becoming the fastest selling debut rock album in Nielsen SoundScan history and featuring a string of hits with Its Not Over, Home, Over You and What About Now.

I had three of the songs on that record already written, Daughtry said. Home was one of them, I wrote that before I even went on Idol, and then Breakdown and Gone, I had those roughed out in the years prior to Idol, but I did a lot of the work afterward.

The album won four American Music Awards and earned four Grammy nominations.

Still yet to win a Grammy, but working on that, Daughtry said, laughing.

He proved he was no one-album-wonder as his sophomore effort Leave This Town (2009) also debuted at No. 1 off the strength of the hit single No Surprise.

There was no pressure on that first record; I came in fourth, nobody cared so the next record, everyone was looking over my shoulder, Daughtry said. There was a lot of second guessing, a lot of pressure, but I kind of dug my heels in. They didnt think we had the record and I was like, I think Im done writing. Im kind of burnt out here.'

Since then, he has shown that he has a lot left in the tank, churning out three more albums with Break the Spell (2011), Baptized (2013) and Cage to Rattle (2018).

I just have more life to write about now, so the subject matter is a little more mature as a songwriter, Daughtry said. Looking back, I was still really green during that first record. I feel like Ive learned so much working with other writers and producers over the years. Being on tour forever has certainly made me a better performer, a better singer.

Hes currently working on a new album called Nothing Lasts Forever (2021).

Were working on a new album now, which were really excited about, Daughtry said. We dont know when its coming out because we were kind of deep into making it when everything got shut down. So, we do have the first few songs lined up, I think coming soon, but as far as the record, that probably wont be done until next year.

Most recently, he appeared on The Masked Singer under the alias The Rottweiler singing SiasAlive, bringing him full circle back to reality TV singing competitions.

It was extremely different from Idol in the sense that I was under this veil of anonymity, Daughtry said. I didnt realize I was in the same competition with Seal and Patti LaBelle. [Its] hard to breathe in this heavy, hot costume, then you add choreography. It was the most challenging thing Ive ever done on stage, but at the same time, the most liberating.

WTOP's Jason Fraley chats with Chris Daughtry (Full Interview)

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Chris Daughtry dishes on Live from Home Tour to benefit The Birchmere - WTOP

Tips on road maintenance in a property owner association – The Mountaineer

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

I have heard from a number of people who live in homeowner and property owner associations and the concerns they have regarding roads, as well as water runoff and the issues which can be related with them.

Having recently been involved in the review and selection process of evaluating solutions for road work, it pays to spend time talking to contractors in the area.

I found some to be knowledgeable and intent on making sure we understood the nuances of the options available and the anticipated useful life of the corrections. It was a learning experience.

Doing research can involve a fair amount of time, phone calls and face-to-face visits (socially distanced of course). In my opinion, you must review repair options as the cost of the repairs can be significant.

The options available are effectively related to the duration of their effectiveness, or how long they will last before additional maintenance is required. The communication and correspondence I have had with other associations is restricted to asphalt roads, versus concrete or gravel.

Contacting contractors for bids will take some time. If you use an internet search exclusively, you will find contractors sites who are no longer in business, are not in the area, or advertise they Do it all and actually only focus on certain type of road repairs and particular size of the project.

A smaller community can have a challenging time finding a contractor who is willing to make the trip out to give you a bid. I found creating a set of slides, using the tools of Google Maps was very helpful as a point of reference. On the slides we showed a shot of the entire community with the distances noted, using the Measure distance tool.

Using the slides as a guideline makes it clear which streets are involved in the repair and the approximate linear distance.

With any community, when it comes to spending money and special assessments, you will encounter a full range of emotion, from logical to laughable. If the association has been fiscally responsible and has a reserve for this type of maintenance, good for you.

Finding a solution which is acceptable to a majority of the Association is the objective. If there are empty lots in the lots in the association, the special assessment must be applied to all lots uniformly. As all lots will benefit from the road work.

For asphalt roads, you can have the existing surface repaired and recoated with a new layer of asphalt, repair problem areas and crack sealing, or repair problem areas, crack seal and coating or resealing.

The contractors we have had discussion were clear the areas which are in need of repair must be repaired prior to the new layer of asphalt or even to be resealed. Surface repair entails digging out the existing roadway segment prior to the repair and layer of asphalt.

The guidance of all of the contractors focused on making these repairs first as the material under the failing surface asphalt will replicate the weakness and hasten the degradation of any surface work.

Whether its rain or snow, water will find the weakness in a roadway and as we found out with culverts. When they are functioning, you take no notice of them, when they are not, you might be surprised with what you find.

Preventive maintenance and being aware of the infrastructure of your community will help you better plan for a functional system. Assuming everything is working can lead to an unfortunate circumstance. In the case of our community, we found Frost Paving to have the solution which suited our needs.

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Tips on road maintenance in a property owner association - The Mountaineer

This Mrs Hinch-inspired washing machine cleaning hack works and saves money – Real Homes

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

If you've been scouring the web for a new washing machine cleaning trick (that's not vinegar and baking soda), then your search is over. We have this Mrs Hinch-inspired cleaning hack that will clean, disinfect, and remove that annoying mildewy residue inside the rubber seal.

What can be quite annoying about washing machine cleaning hacks is the need to use multiple products for different parts of the machine: one of the drum, another for the rubber seal and door, and sometimes even a third one for the tray and tray compartment. But there is a product that can tackle all of the different parts of your washing machine that need cleaning, while also being suitable for lots of other surfaces that are prone to mildew and mould.

Mrs Hinch has sworn by the Astonish bathroom cleaner for years, but there's another Astonish cleaning product that will do wonders around your home. The Astonish Mould and Mildew Blaster is an astonishingly (sorry) effective product against mould and mildew buildup in bathrooms, kitchens, and... your washing machine.

Astonish Mould and Mildew Blaster | 4.34 at Amazon

Not only does it remove mould and stains, but it also disinfects, effectively killing 99.9 per cent of bacteria on whatever surface you're tackling with it.

What we really like is the convenient spray application of the foam cleaner. You can spray it inside the rubber seal and into the hard-to-reach drawer compartment, as well as the drawer itself. Then, spray a little all inside the machine, and set it on a short, hot wash cycle. We promise you you'll be amazed by how clean and fresh your machine will be. The product is strong, so don't do too long a wash to avoid overdoing it.View Deal

This Mrs Hinch-inspired washing machine cleaning hack works and saves money - Real Homes

Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Revenue, Gross Margin, Market Share, Manufacturing Process Analysis 2020-2026 | Sealand Aviation, ShinMaywa…

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

LOS ANGELES, United States:The report titled Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market is one of the most comprehensive and important additions to QY Researchs archive of market research studies. It offers detailed research and analysis of key aspects of the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market. The market analysts authoring this report have provided in-depth information on leading growth drivers, restraints, challenges, trends, and opportunities to offer a complete analysis of the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market. Market participants can use the analysis on market dynamics to plan effective growth strategies and prepare for future challenges beforehand. Each trend of the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market is carefully analyzed and researched about by the market analysts.The market analysts and researchers have done extensive analysis of the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market with the help of research methodologies such as PESTLE and Porters Five Forces analysis. They have provided accurate and reliable market data and useful recommendations with an aim to help the players gain an insight into the overall present and future market scenario. The Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts report comprises in-depth study of the potential segments including product type, application, and end user and their contribution to the overall market size.

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Key Players Mentioned in the Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Research Report: Saab AB, Sealand Aviation, ShinMaywa Industries, TATA, Bombardier, Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM), Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI), Zenith Aircraft, LAM Aviation, Strata Manufacturing

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The Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market report has been segregated based on distinct categories, such as product type, application, end user, and region. Each and every segment is evaluated on the basis of CAGR, share, and growth potential. In the regional analysis, the report highlights the prospective region, which is estimated to generate opportunities in the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market in the forthcoming years. This segmental analysis will surely turn out to be a useful tool for the readers, stakeholders, and market participants to get a complete picture of the global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts market and its potential to grow in the years to come.

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Table of Contents:

1 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Overview1.1 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Product Overview1.2 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Segment by Type1.2.1 High Wing1.2.2 Mid Wing1.2.3 Low Wing1.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Type (2015-2026)1.3.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size Overview by Type (2015-2026)1.3.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Historic Market Size Review by Type (2015-2020)1.3.2.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.3.2.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.3.2.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Average Selling Price (ASP) by Type (2015-2026)1.3.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size Forecast by Type (2021-2026)1.3.3.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share Breakdown by Application (2021-2026)1.3.3.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share Breakdown by Application (2021-2026)1.3.3.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Average Selling Price (ASP) by Application (2021-2026)1.4 Key Regions Market Size Segment by Type (2015-2020)1.4.1 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.4.2 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.4.3 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.4.4 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)1.4.5 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Breakdown by Type (2015-2026)

2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Competition by Company2.1 Global Top Players by Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales (2015-2020)2.2 Global Top Players by Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue (2015-2020)2.3 Global Top Players Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Average Selling Price (ASP) (2015-2020)2.4 Global Top Manufacturers Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type2.5 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Competitive Situation and Trends2.5.1 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Concentration Rate (2015-2020)2.5.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Manufacturers by Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales and Revenue in 20192.6 Global Top Manufacturers by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) (based on the Revenue in Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts as of 2019)2.7 Date of Key Manufacturers Enter into Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market2.8 Key Manufacturers Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Product Offered2.9 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Status and Outlook by Region (2015-2026)3.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size and CAGR by Region: 2015 VS 2020 VS 20263.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size Market Share by Region (2015-2020)3.2.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Region (2015-2020)3.2.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Region (2015-2020)3.2.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)3.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size Market Share by Region (2021-2026)3.3.1 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Region (2021-2026)3.3.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Region (2021-2026)3.3.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2021-2026)3.4 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.4.1 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.4.2 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.5 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.5.1 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.5.2 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.6 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.6.1 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.6.2 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.7 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.7.1 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.7.2 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.8 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.8.1 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue YoY Growth (2015-2026)3.8.2 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales YoY Growth (2015-2026)

4 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application4.1 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Segment by Application4.1.1 Wide-body Aircraft4.1.2 Narrow-body Aircraft4.2 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales by Application: 2015 VS 2020 VS 20264.3 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Historic Sales by Application (2015-2020)4.4 Global Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Forecasted Sales by Application (2021-2026)4.5 Key Regions Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Application4.5.1 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application4.5.2 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application4.5.3 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application4.5.4 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application4.5.5 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts by Application5 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Country (2015-2026)5.1 North America Market Size Market Share by Country (2015-2020)5.1.1 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2015-2020)5.1.2 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2015-2020)5.2 North America Market Size Market Share by Country (2021-2026)5.2.1 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2021-2026)5.2.2 North America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2021-2026)5.3 North America Market Size YoY Growth by Country5.3.1 U.S. Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)5.3.2 Canada Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)6 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Country (2015-2026)6.1 Europe Market Size Market Share by Country (2015-2020)6.1.1 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2015-2020)6.1.2 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2015-2020)6.2 Europe Market Size Market Share by Country (2021-2026)6.2.1 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2021-2026)6.2.2 Europe Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2021-2026)6.3 Europe Market Size YoY Growth by Country6.3.1 Germany Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)6.3.2 France Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)6.3.3 U.K. Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)6.3.4 Italy Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)6.3.5 Russia Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)7 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Country (2015-2026)7.1 Asia-Pacific Market Size Market Share by Country (2015-2020)7.1.1 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2015-2020)7.1.2 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2015-2020)7.2 Asia-Pacific Market Size Market Share by Country (2021-2026)7.2.1 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2021-2026)7.2.2 Asia-Pacific Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2021-2026)7.3 Asia-Pacific Market Size YoY Growth by Country7.3.1 China Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)7.3.2 Japan Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)7.3.3 South Korea Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)7.3.4 India Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)7.3.5 Southeast Asia Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)8 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Country (2015-2026)8.1 Latin America Market Size Market Share by Country (2015-2020)8.1.1 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2015-2020)8.1.2 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2015-2020)8.2 Latin America Market Size Market Share by Country (2021-2026)8.2.1 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2021-2026)8.2.2 Latin America Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2021-2026)8.3 Latin America Market Size YoY Growth by Country8.3.1 Mexico Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)8.3.2 Brazil Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)8.3.3 Argentina Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size YoY Growth (2015-2026)9 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Size by Country (2015-2026)9.1 Middle East and Africa Market Size Market Share by Country (2015-2020)9.1.1 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2015-2020)9.1.2 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2015-2020)9.2 Middle East and Africa Market Size Market Share by Country (2021-2026)9.2.1 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales Market Share by Country (2021-2026)9.2.2 Middle East and Africa Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Revenue Market Share by Country (2021-2026)9.3 Middle East and Africa Market Size YoY Growth by Country

10 Company Profiles and Key Figures in Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Business10.1 Saab AB10.1.1 Saab AB Corporation Information10.1.2 Saab AB Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.1.3 Saab AB Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.1.4 Saab AB Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.1.5 Saab AB Recent Development10.2 Sealand Aviation10.2.1 Sealand Aviation Corporation Information10.2.2 Sealand Aviation Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.2.3 Sealand Aviation Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.2.4 Saab AB Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.2.5 Sealand Aviation Recent Development10.3 ShinMaywa Industries10.3.1 ShinMaywa Industries Corporation Information10.3.2 ShinMaywa Industries Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.3.3 ShinMaywa Industries Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.3.4 ShinMaywa Industries Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.3.5 ShinMaywa Industries Recent Development10.4 TATA10.4.1 TATA Corporation Information10.4.2 TATA Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.4.3 TATA Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.4.4 TATA Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.4.5 TATA Recent Development10.5 Bombardier10.5.1 Bombardier Corporation Information10.5.2 Bombardier Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.5.3 Bombardier Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.5.4 Bombardier Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.5.5 Bombardier Recent Development10.6 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM)10.6.1 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM) Corporation Information10.6.2 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM) Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.6.3 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM) Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.6.4 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM) Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.6.5 Asian Composites Manufacturing (ACM) Recent Development10.7 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI)10.7.1 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Corporation Information10.7.2 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.7.3 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.7.4 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.7.5 Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI) Recent Development10.8 Zenith Aircraft10.8.1 Zenith Aircraft Corporation Information10.8.2 Zenith Aircraft Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.8.3 Zenith Aircraft Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.8.4 Zenith Aircraft Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.8.5 Zenith Aircraft Recent Development10.9 LAM Aviation10.9.1 LAM Aviation Corporation Information10.9.2 LAM Aviation Description, Business Overview and Total Revenue10.9.3 LAM Aviation Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.9.4 LAM Aviation Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Products Offered10.9.5 LAM Aviation Recent Development10.10 Strata Manufacturing10.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors10.10.2 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Product Category, Application and Specification10.10.3 Strata Manufacturing Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015-2020)10.10.4 Main Business Overview10.10.5 Strata Manufacturing Recent Development

11 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Upstream, Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis11.1 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Key Raw Materials11.1.1 Key Raw Materials11.1.2 Key Raw Materials Price11.1.3 Raw Materials Key Suppliers11.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure11.2.1 Raw Materials11.2.2 Labor Cost11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses11.3 Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Industrial Chain Analysis11.4 Market Opportunities, Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis11.4.1 Industry Trends11.4.2 Market Drivers11.4.3 Market Challenges11.4.4 Porters Five Forces Analysis

12 Market Strategy Analysis, Distributors12.1 Sales Channel12.2 Distributors12.3 Downstream Customers

13 Research Findings and Conclusion

14 Appendix14.1 Methodology/Research Approach14.1.1 Research Programs/Design14.1.2 Market Size Estimation14.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation14.2 Data Source14.2.1 Secondary Sources14.2.2 Primary Sources14.3 Author Details14.4 Disclaimer

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Ailerons for Commercial Aircrafts Market Revenue, Gross Margin, Market Share, Manufacturing Process Analysis 2020-2026 | Sealand Aviation, ShinMaywa...

Russian Officials Are Injecting Themselves With an Experimental COVID Vaccine – Futurism

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Russian officials claim to have developed a coronavirus vaccine thats 100 percent effective,and officials say theyre trying it out on themselves and their family but, worryingly, theres no publicly-available evidence to suggest that it actually works.

Russias state-operated research facility, the Gamaleya Research Institute, says its ready for a phase 3 clinical trial that it wants to conduct on doctors and teachers, Quartz reports. Unfortunately, the World Health Organization (WHO) doesnt seem to have data suggesting the experimental vaccine is that far along.

The Gamaleya Research Institute filed a small phase 1 study, but never published any results. Kirill Dmitriev, the chief executive of the Russian Direct Investment Fund, told a newspaper in the United Arab Emirates that the researchers want to begin a phase 3 trial in that country, but also that Russia wants to begin mass inoculation in September or October.

If the vaccine is approved for use something CNN reports that the Gamaleya Institute hopes will happen by mid-August Russia plans to distribute it to healthcare workers on the front lines.

Even if the vaccine flew through the earlier phases of clinical research, as Dmitriev claimed, a properly-conducted phase 3 clinical trial takes months.

WHO spokesperson Margaret Ann Harris told Quartz that the organization was aware that a Russian vaccine was entering phase 3, but didnt elaborate on previous results or safety concerns.

But the lack of publicly available safety and efficacy data hasnt stopped Russian officials from making extremely bold, questionable claims about the research.

Based on Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials, we also show that 100 percent of about 100 people generated a very high level of antibodies, Dmitriev told The National.

Dmitriev added that he and his parents already took the vaccine. Project director Alexander Ginsburg told CNN he injected himself with the vaccine as well.

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Russian Officials Are Injecting Themselves With an Experimental COVID Vaccine - Futurism

Even With a Vaccine, It Will Take Months If Not Years to Beat the Coronavirus – Futurism

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

A coronavirus vaccine has long been described as the panacea for this pandemic. A magical shot in the arm triggers an immunity enough immunity among us, and over time, the virus will go away, the thinking goes.

But that couldnt be further from the truth, as the Washington Post reports. The harsh reality: even once weve found a vaccine, it could take months if not years for societies to return to some semblance of normality.

Dont expect a vaccine to be an off-switch or a reset button where we will go back to pre-pandemic times, Yonatan Grad, an assistant professor of infectious diseases and immunology at the Harvard, told the Post.

Things will not be done by Christmas, Jeremy Farrar, director of UK health advocacy group Wellcome Trust, told the House of Commons Health Committee last month, as quoted by the BBC. This infection is not going away, its now a human endemic infection.

Even when a vaccine is introduced, I think we will have several months of significant infection or at least risk of infection to look forward to, Jesse Goodman, the former chief scientist at the Food and Drug Administration, told The Atlantic late last month.

Experts have predicted early vaccines will likely only protect us from severe cases of COVID-19. And thats only if the US and the rest of the world find effective ways to scale up production and produce hundreds of millions of doses.

And then theres the issue of public trust in a vaccine. If you think the anti-vaxxer movement had gas in the tank before, imagine what happens in the midst of a public, global vaccination campaign. Suffice to say, theres already a significant group of people who wont trust any vaccines imagine how their ranks will grow for a new vaccine, rushed to market.

Were going to be in a situation where some people will be desperate to get the vaccine and some people will be afraid to get the vaccine, Michael Stoto, a public-health researcher at Georgetown University, told The Atlantic. And therell be probably a lot of people in between who are a little bit of both or not sure.

The realistic scenario is probably going to be more like what we saw with HIV/AIDS, Michael Kinch, an expert in drug development and research at Washington University, told the Post,adding that early HIV drugs were fairly mediocre.

Theres plenty of optimism surrounding the development of a coronavirus vaccine in the US with efforts by American pharmaceuticals taking over mainstream media headlines on almost a weekly basis.

The Trump administration even gave its public-private vaccine partnership a glitzy, but at the end of the day meaningless name: Operation Warp Speed a misplaced sense of optimism and perhaps even dangerous as assistant professor of biostatistics at the University of Florida Natalie Dean argued in an opinion piece for The New York Times.

Waiting for a better vaccine to come along may feel like torture, but it is the right move, Dean argued. We cant afford to jeopardize the publics health and hard-earned trust by approving anything short of that.

Just last week, Americas preeminent pandemic response figurehead Dr. Anthony Fauci told a House committee that hes cautiously optimistic that a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine will be available in the US in late fall or early winter.

One can never guarantee the safety or effectiveness unless you do the trial, but we are cautiously optimistic this will be successful, he added, referring to pharmaceutical company Modernas phase three trial of a vaccine.

The trial, which kicked off early last week, will include 30,000 adult volunteers across 89 US research sites.

Yet safe and effective could still translate to a future vaccine thats less than 100 percent effective. People in older age groups may remain vulnerable by having their immune systems react differently to a possible vaccine when compared to younger people.

In other words, an early vaccine will be more like the flu shot, seasonal vaccinations that give people a degree of protection against a variety of influenza viruses.

It is possible that some COVID-19 vaccines may not prevent infection entirely, but they could still prepare a persons immune system so that, if infected, they would experience milder symptoms, or even none at all, Dean argued in her NYT opinion piece. Thats similar to the flu vaccine: Its not perfect, but we advise people to get it because it reduces intensive care admissions and deaths.

In June, the Food and Drug Administration announced it will expect that a COVID-19 vaccine would prevent disease or decrease its severity in at least 50% of people who are vaccinated, according to a statement.

The higher the effectiveness, the higher the chances of herd immunity indirect protection when a threshold of the population has become immune.

Theres good news and bad news. Even with lower than 100 percent effectiveness, a vaccine will slow the spread. But that process will likely take a lot longer than one might think.

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Even With a Vaccine, It Will Take Months If Not Years to Beat the Coronavirus - Futurism

The Last Stargazers? Why You Will Never See An Astronomer Looking Through A Telescope – Forbes

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

The Mauna Kea observatories on the Big Island of Hawaii.

Many of us do astronomy. Whether you just stand in your backyard this summer and go looking for planets, or you venture out to a dark sky destination to see a comet or catch some shooting stars, the terms astronomer and stargazer often go hand-in-hand.

The pandemic has gotten a lot of us into our backyards looking up. This rare planetary event has also given some a new perspective on our global community.

The night sky connects all humans wherever they are, but how many of us ever discover something new about whats out there? Or even have an original thought about the enormity above us each night?

In TheLast Stargazers: The Enduring Story of Astronomy's Vanishing Explorers, University of Washington astronomy professor Emily Levesque shares the tales of modern-day stargazers, the small band of 50,000 or so professional astronomers around the world that get to use humanitys greatest telescopes on the high altitude peaks such as Mauna Kea in Hawaii, Cerro Paranalin Chile and Roque de los Muchachos in the Canary Islands.

It sounds impossibly romantic. Is it?

If somebody wanted to come watch an astronomer work at night I think theyd be deeply disappointed, said Levesque. Were not out gazing at the stars and were not even sitting out at the telescopewere in a lit room in a different part of the telescope building.

This is a world of computer screens, laptops and data. In fact, many astronomers work 9 till 5 with data downloaded from remote telescopes.

Thats right; astronomers dont look through telescopes.

"The Last Stargazers" is a new book by astronomer Emily Levesque.

The title of Levesques book reflects the engaging texts many stories about discoveries made at mountaintop observatories, but in modern terms, its a little ironic because professional astronomers dont do all that much observing with their own eyes.

People imagine an astronomer to be somebody hunkered down at a telescope, but they would be surprised at the adventures we have, and the sheer variety of things that we do for our job, said Levesque. But we don't look through eyepieces anymore. In terms of the technology involvedfrom cameras to advanced detectorsthe way we do astronomy is so surprising to some people.

However, dont think that astronomers are stony-faced when theyre sat in front of a computer screen displaying something spectacular. Our responses to seeing something captured by a powerful telescope are the same as the responses of amateurs looking at Saturn for the first time, said Levesque, whos incredibly enthusiast about astronomy. We know all the science behind what were looking at, but we react in the same way as anyone enjoying looking at the night sky.

On Palomar Mountain in California lies the Hale Telescope, that has been in use for 60 years. Photo ... [+] by Joe McNally/Getty Images)

Anyone whos ever made a plan to look at the night sky has a nemesis; cloud.

Thats why the planets big telescopes are on mountaintops above the clouds. Thats the theory. The reality is that weather happens, and so does engineering. On the big telescopes that means only about 300 observing nights per year. So what happens if you get valuable telescope time, get yourself up the mountain for three nights, and the clouds come in?

Not much. Its all or nothingyou can get a string of good weather and a working telescope, or cloud and a broken instrument, said Levesque. If its the latter, tough luck.

You just come home and you have to apply again, and you dont get a special little star on your proposal saying she got clouded outyou have to go back and take your chances again, just like anyone else, said Levesque.

Since telescope time is scheduled six months in advance at most observatoriesand typically astronomers wait for a year to be assigned a slota single cloud or one windy night can make a huge difference to astronomical research plans. The stakes are highyou really hope for good weather, you really hope nothing goes wrong, and you really hope you don't make any mistakes, because the time is so precious, said Levesque.

Depending on what object they need to observe, astronomers can request a specific day or even hour (perhaps for an asteroid occultation), a season (say, anytime between November and May for observing Betelgeuse), and whether they require complete darkness or are happy with a full moon-lit night.

Sometimes astronomer will request to observe an object at a specific time to coincide with precisely when Hubble will be looking at it, so that data can be compared.

The flying observatory "SOFIA" (Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy), a Boeing 747SP of ... [+] NASA. Photo: Christoph Schmidt/dpa (Photo by Christoph Schmidt/picture alliance via Getty Images)

So astronomers almost never look though telescopes, but they always hang out on mountain tops, right?

Well, no, not always. The Mauna KeaObservatories (MKO) in Hawaii are at 13,803 ft./4,207 meters above sea level, but thats not always enough.

Some telescopes fly, so astronomers have to sometimes become stratonauts.

Cue Levesques adventures in NASAs flying observatory, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA).

Having written a couple of times recently about studies of Betelgeuse and Pluto from the specially-equipped Boeing 747SP aircraft (modified to carry a 2.7-meter/106-inch reflecting telescope), this part of the book particularly engaged me. Levesque recounts her evening with the stratonauts who operate SOFIA with incredible enthusiasm (a theme throughout the book).

As is the way with astronomers, she also got to see something truly exquisite.

I was flying on that telescope as an astronomer and we were down in the southern hemisphere, said Levesque. I saw the southern aurora from the cockpit of the plane flyingthe first time I've ever seen the aurora.

Never in my wildest dreams would I have imagined I would be in that place.

However, astronomical opportunities for such incredible experiences could be on the wane.

Professional astronomy is no longer about looking through telescopes or hanging about in freezing temperatures. Levesque has had many experiences of how astronomy is done nowmentioning the smell of engine grease and coffee as two dominant themesbut the disciplines next chapter seems far less exciting.

In the future will all telescopes be controlled remotely? Will astronomy be an office-based vocation?

Weve certainly seen a drift toward telescopes being operated remotely, said Levesque. One of the telescopes that I spend a lot of time using now is the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 meter telescope, which I can operate from my laptop on my couch.

Many are now operated using queue-based scheduling; an astronomer send instructions to the telescope ahead of time, it makes observations when the conditions are right, and the data arrives in the astronomers inbox.

We will see many more telescopes run that way, said Levesque. However, there is still a telescope operator at the telescope itself, and there are still engineers and staff on site taking care of the telescope. Its just that the astronomy is increasingly being done remotely.

I dont think well ever truly remove the idea of people at telescopes, except in the case of robotic telescopes, which are amazing at some things, but cant do some things, said Levesque. The variety of questions were trying to answer with telescopes means that were probably always going to demand human participation at some level.

Sunset at the Mauna Kea Observatories on the Big Island of Hawaii.

So are astronomers still stargazers?

Levesque tells a story about what astronomers do before an observing session at most mountaintop observatories. When we watch the sunset before an observing session we pretend were checking to see how clear the sky is looking, said Levesque.

Its a wonderful chance to enjoy the planet, enjoy the observatory, get a moment of silence and see our nearest star doing something beautiful from the edge of the world.

Wishing you clear skies and wide eyes.

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The Last Stargazers? Why You Will Never See An Astronomer Looking Through A Telescope - Forbes

Amazon Satellites Add to Astronomers Worries About the Night Sky – The New York Times

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Welcome to the age of the satellite megaconstellation. Within the next few years, vast networks, containing hundreds or even thousands of spacecraft, could reshape the future of Earths orbital environment.

Much of the attention on these strings of satellites has been placed on the prolific launches of SpaceX and OneWeb, but the focus is now turning to Amazon. Last month, the Federal Communications Commission approved a request by the online marketplace to launch its Project Kuiper constellation, which, like SpaceXs Starlink and OneWebs network, aims to extend high-speed internet service to customers around the world, including to remote or underserved communities hobbled by a persistent digital divide.

The Kuiper constellation would consist of 3,236 satellites. Thats more than the approximately 2,600 active satellites already orbiting Earth. While Amazons hardware is a long way from the launchpad, SpaceX has already deployed hundreds of satellites in its Starlink constellation, including 57 additional satellites that it launched on Friday. It may expand it to 12,000, or more. Facebook and Telesat could also get into the internet constellation business.

The rapid influx of satellites into low-Earth orbit has prompted pushback from professional and amateur astronomers. Starlink satellites are notorious for photobombing astronomical images with bright streaks, damaging the quality and reducing the volume of data that scientists collect for research. While SpaceX plans to mitigate the effects of its launches on astronomical observations, scientists and hobbyists in the community worry about the lack of regulation of constellations as more entrants such as Project Kuiper join the action.

We dont yet have any kind of industrywide guidelines, said Michele Bannister, a planetary astronomer at the University of Canterbury in New Zealand. We dont have an industry body thats producing good corporate citizenship on the part of all of these enthusiastic companies that want to launch, and we dont have any regulatory setup in place thats providing clear guidelines back to the industry.

She added, To me, honestly, it feels like putting a bunch of planes up and then not having air traffic control.

Since the first group of Starlink satellites launched in May 2019, many skywatchers have lamented their bright reflected glare. The light pollution is particularly pronounced when the satellites are freshly deployed and headed toward their operational orbits. At this point, they are perfectly positioned to catch sunlight at dawn and dusk, scuttling astrophotos and telescope observations. Starlink must be replenished constantly with new satellites, so these trails will be an ongoing problem.

Most ground-based observatories actually start in twilight, said Julien H. Girard, a support scientist at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. We start taking data even when the sky is not completely dark, especially in the near-infrared and infrared wavelengths.

The satellites may create the most problems for wide-field observatories that survey expansive regions of the night sky at once. The motion of satellites through the frame can obstruct observational targets or overwhelm them with light. Astronomers can use software to remove satellite trails to some extent, but that may not completely fix the images.

Theres no doubt that the astronomical community can still do science with the presence of those constellations, but its a burden, Dr. Girard said.

The light pollution could mess with our view of countless tantalizing astronomical targets. For instance, scientists are beginning to discover interstellar objects in our own solar neighborhood, such as Oumuamua, a weirdly elongated rock spotted in 2017 that hails from an unknown star system, or Comet Borisov, which was spotted more recently.

Megaconstellations are uniquely positioned to interfere with detections of these cosmic wanderers. One of the prime discovery times for interstellar objects is in that period of sky near astronomical twilight, or dawn and dusk, which is when these satellites have their biggest impact, Dr. Bannister said.

So far, astronomers have put most of their attention on Starlink because SpaceX was the first company to launch big batches of satellites. OneWebs constellation poses a different set of problems for radio astronomers because of the altitude of its orbit. Its future has been uncertain since it declared bankruptcy and began acquisition talks.

But now that Amazon has the F.C.C.s approval, the Starlink satellites will have company both in orbit and in the discussion about the effects of these networks on astronomy.

Kuiper would easily have as much of an impact on both optical and radio astronomy as other satellite constellations, said Jeff Hall, the director of the Lowell Observatory in Arizona and the chair of the American Astronomical Societys Committee on Light Pollution.

The Amazon constellation will have far fewer satellites compared with Starlink, but its array will be deployed into three orbits, all higher in altitude than SpaceXs currently deployed network. (Starlink is licensed to occupy higher orbits than Amazon, although SpaceX recently sought FCC permission to operate at altitudes comparable to Project Kuiper, too).

Some of those higher orbits are looking like they are actually going to be more problematic for astronomical imaging, because they are going to be, basically, visible for longer, Dr. Bannister said, though its not clear how the light pollution from these constellations will compare.

The companies dont publish what reflectance their satellites are going to have, so its hard to model, she said.

As the quantity of satellites spirals upward, the risk of crashes does as well. Collisions between satellites add to hazardous orbital debris. Imagine if all the broken glass and prickly detritus from a car wreck kept moving at high speeds above the highway, requiring vehicles to plow through it. Thats how the orbital lanes in space work, so it will be essential that protocols governing space traffic are able to keep pace with these megaconstellations to prevent clips and crashes.

Already, there was one alarming incident in which an Earth-observation spacecraft operated by the European Space Agency had to fire its thrusters to dodge a Starlink satellite. A dust-up between the spacecraft was not certain, but the trajectories posed enough of a threat that ESA decided the maneuver was necessary. These encounters may become more frequent as thousands of additional satellites take to the sky.

If this is what were having right in the testing phase of these megaconstellations, whats it going to be like when we have 5,000 of these up, which is what were predicted to have launching in the next couple of years? Dr. Bannister said.

While these concerns have been raised, there is no other obvious way to stop, or slow, the development of these megaconstellations.

One of the things that I think is most problematic is that there isnt any legal prevention, or legal protection, for the night skies, said Chris Newman, professor of space law and policy at Northumbria University in the United Kingdom.

With hundreds of Starlink and OneWeb satellites already launched, and thousands more expected in the next few years, astronomers feel mounting pressure to find a workable compromise with the companies. Decisions made now may affect the sky for decades.

For the moment, that means hashing out a vision of a safe and clear night sky that would rely on voluntary mechanisms.

In response to the light pollution concerns, SpaceX is experimenting with dark coatings and sunshades for its Starlink satellites.

Representatives from Amazon and SpaceX, as well as a consultant formerly with OneWeb, attended a recent workshop called Satellite Constellations 1, organized by the AAS and the National Science Foundation, according to Dr. Hall. A report summarizing the results and recommendations of the workshop will be made public in a few weeks. But Amazon has already stated a desire to work with astronomers.

Reflectivity is a key consideration in our design and development process, and were engaging with members of the astronomy community to better understand their concerns and identify steps we can take to minimize our impact, an Amazon spokesman said. Well have more to share as we release additional detail on our plans for the project.

But many astronomers, and dark-sky advocates, are seeking a robust regulatory approach to these issues.

I think the only real way in which, going forward, this is going to develop, is if national regulators make it part of the licensing requirement that satellite companies putting constellations up take into account the needs of ground-based astronomy, Dr. Newman said. I think thats very possible, and I dont think that would require too much accommodation by companies.

Of course, the night sky is not only a resource for professional astronomers. Across generations and cultures, people have gazed up after sunset to seek solace, enchantment and perspective from the stars. Broadening internet access around the world has an obvious public benefit, but so does the preservation of clear skies and bright stars.

Were talking about changing something that is shared across the entire planet, Dr. Bannister said.

This is environmental impact, she added. This is something we know how to discuss and regulate in all the other spheres of corporate activity. Why should this be any different?

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Amazon Satellites Add to Astronomers Worries About the Night Sky - The New York Times

Ceres: An ocean world in the asteroid belt – Astronomy Magazine

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

The Dawn mission was launched in 2007 with an unconventional ion engine that let it first orbit Vesta, the asteroid belts second largest object, for 14 months before venturing on to Ceres in 2012. No single mission had ever orbited two extraterrestrial worlds before.

Vesta is a dry body almost like the Moon, Dawn Principal Investigator Carol Raymond of JPL tells Astronomy. Ceres we knew was a very water-rich object that had retained volatiles from the time it had formed. The two were sitting there like plums. The low-hanging fruit.

Ceres started to tease its secrets to astronomers with Dawns first glimpses of the dwarf planet in early 2015. A pair of weird white spots stood out from afar, shining like cats eyes in the dark. More of these bright features became apparent on approach, and they ended up at the center of scientists efforts to understand Ceres.

Much of Ceres story was apparent within just a few of Dawn's arrival, but scientists still felt they had more to learn, so NASA extended Dawns mission for a second run. This let the spacecraft keep collecting data until 2018, when it finally ran out of fuel. This latest batch of research was collected during that extended phase.

And as Dawn gathered higher resolution images, it started to unravel intimate details of the worlds surface and its ancient history. Among other things, the spacecraft spotted a lone mountain that stretches some 21,000 feet (6,400 meters) above the surface, taller than Denali, North Americas tallest peak.

Ceres' white spots sit inside Occator Crater, which stretches across 57 miles (92 kilometers) of the world's northern hemisphere. Another place with a prominent bright spot is within smaller Haulani Crater, named for the Hawaiian goddess of plants. Its one of the dwarf planet's youngest features.

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Ceres: An ocean world in the asteroid belt - Astronomy Magazine

Small stars are vital to dispersing the building blocks of life – Astronomy Magazine

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

The researchers then traced the evolution of the white dwarfs back in time, deriving their initial masses with the help of an important relationship in astrophysics, the initial-final mass relation (IFMR), which, despite its ubiquity, still has its quirks. The initialfinal mass relation connects the mass of a white dwarf with the mass of its progenitor in the main sequence, says Ramirez-Ruiz. By understanding this relationship, we are able to put stringent constraints on the carbon-containing mass that was ejected during the evolution of the star.

Generally speaking, the more massive a progenitor star, the more massive its remnant. But the team discovered an apparent kink in that relationship. Stars starting with about 1.8 to 1.9 times the mass of the Sun seem to be leaving behind larger-than-expected corpses.

The break in the IFMR was noticed independently by both Cummings and the studys lead author, Paola Marigo, a theoretical astrophysicist at the University of Padova in Italy. Importantly, Cummings found the kink through observations, while Marigo uncovered it in her theoretical modeling.

According to the researchers, the fact that stars with just under two solar masses seem to produce plus-sized white dwarfs suggests these stars were still forging carbon in the final stages of their lives. This carbon was then passed into the interstellar medium by stellar winds, which is a far more gentle process than being violently propelled by supernova shock waves. This revelation places a constraint on the evolution of low-mass stars, as well as how they chemically enrich their surroundings.

This new low-mass star theory of chemical enrichment doesnt so much compete with previous ideas as it does bolster them. Its not that low-mass stars are solely responsible for enriching their host galaxies with carbon, but they do work with their bulkier counterparts to get it done.

There is ample evidence that both exploding massive stars and low-mass stars contribute to the production and distribution of carbon in the universe, says Ramirez-Ruiz. This is evident by looking at the fossil stellar record in the Milky Way. Ramirez-Ruiz goes on to suggest that massive stars could contribute more to carbon-enrichment early on, while low-mass stars might inject more carbon into galaxies at later times. After all, smaller stars live much longer than larger stars.

With all of the complex processing that can occur in astronomy, the production of elements is never an only A or only B type of process, Cummings stresses. Both processes are likely major contributors, and our work does not rule out the contribution of more massive stars and their supernovae.

However, one thing is for sure, there is still much to learn about low-mass stars and their evolution, as well as the role they play in the chemical enrichment of their host galaxies. Cummings says astronomers need to intensely study stars ranging from about one to two times the mass of the Sun, as well as the white dwarf remnants they leave behind.

Whilst I do hope to be involved at some level in future work of this nature, the researcher says, I am just as excited about the prospect of this current study inspiring a younger astronomer to take the lead.

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Small stars are vital to dispersing the building blocks of life - Astronomy Magazine

Explore Pollinators And Islamic Astronomy This Week With PEEC – Los Alamos Reporter

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Join PEEC the week of Aug. 10 for a variety of live-streamed programs. On Tuesday, Aug. 11, Kaitlin Haase of the Xerces Society will discuss Southwest pollinators. Then, on Friday, Aug. 14, Galen Gisler will talk about medieval Islamic astronomy. Both events will begin at 7 p.m. and registration is required at peecnature.org/events. Photo Courtesy PEEC

Join the Pajarito Environmental Education Center (PEEC) on Tuesday, Aug. 11 and Friday, Aug. 14 at 7 p.m. for live-streamed programs. On Aug. 11, Kaitlin Haase, the Southwest Pollinator Conservation Specialist with the Xerces Society, will discuss what is happening in the world of pollinators in the Southwest. Then, on Aug. 14, astronomer Galen Gisler will give a talk on medieval Islamic astronomy.

In Tuesdays pollinator program, Haase will give an update on pollinators in the Southwest and discuss what we can do in our backyards and communities to help these important animals. In her position Haase works to create climate-resilient, connected pollinator habitat in the Santa Fe and Albuquerque areas. She collaborates with and educates public and private urban land managers in New Mexico and the desert Southwest on pollinator-friendly practices for landscaping, gardening and open space restoration.

During Fridays astronomy talk, Gisler will talk about the dozens of profound thinkers in physics, mathematics, philosophy and astronomy in places from Samarkand to Spain that prepared the groundwork for the rebirth of science in Renaissance Europe. He will introduce al-Kwarizmi (from whose name we derive algorithm), al-Tusi (whose Tusi couple is fundamental to Copernicuss model) and the precision astrometry of Ulugh Beg. The audience will also see where our names for most named stars have come from during this talk.

In addition to these two programs, join PEECs weekly virtual vinyasa flow yoga class on Sunday, Aug. 16 with Christa Tyson. This class is held every Sunday from 10 11 a.m. Tyson is the Visitor Services Manager at PEEC and has been teaching yoga since 2003.

All events will be hosted via the live-streaming platform Zoom. Registration is required atpeecnature.org/eventsto receive the meeting link and password. The pollinator and astronomy programs each have a suggested donation of $5 to attend. The yoga class is free for PEEC volunteers, $5 for PEEC members and $7 for non-members. Event registration donations and fees help PEEC continue to be able to offer live-streamed programming while the Los Alamos Nature Center is closed due to COVID-19.

For more information about this and other PEEC programs, visitwww.peecnature.org, emailpublicity@peecnature.orgor call (505) 662-0460.

PEEC was founded in 2000 to serve the community of Los Alamos. It offers people of all ages a way toenrich their lives by strengthening their connections to our canyons, mesas, mountains and skies. PEEC operates the Los Alamos Nature Center at 2600 Canyon Road, holds regular programs and events and hosts a number of interest groups from birding to hiking to butterfly watching. The Los Alamos Nature Center is currently closed due to COVID-19, but there are many ways to learn about nature and interact with PEEC online. PEEC activities are open to everyone; however, members receive exclusive benefits such as discounts on programs and merchandise. Annual memberships start at $35. To learn more, visitwww.peecnature.org.

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Explore Pollinators And Islamic Astronomy This Week With PEEC - Los Alamos Reporter

Bookmonger: ‘The Last Stargazers’ is a behind-the-scenes look at astronomy – Discover Our Coast

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

I hope everyone was able to get out to see Comet Neowise over the last few weeks. I had the thrill one recent night of viewing Neowise just as a meteor flashed into my field of vision right underneath it, as if to underscore that this comets appearance was a once-in-every-6,700-years phenomenon.

Theres always something to see in the night sky, as University of Washington-based astronomer Emily Levesque reminds us in her new book, The Last Stargazers.

With that title, Levesque is not suggesting that future generations will fail to look up and marvel at the moon, planets and stars, but she does note a concerning shift that is occurring due to the dictates of economics and changing technologies.

With limited funding being directed toward the field of astronomy, massive new automated survey telescopes are now being prioritized over telescopes that allow human-driven observation. Levesque points out that while these larger telescopes will do a fantastic job of providing data about new corners of the universe, the data will have impenetrable heaps of zeroes and ones unless observational astronomy is also able to continue.

That means we still need scientists who are able to study the data, interpret it and investigate the anomalies through telescopes that, unlike the new pre-programmed behemoths, are allowed to manipulate. Thats what will allow them to hone in on new understandings about physics or possibly to even detect signals from distant realms of the universe.

In The Last Stargazers, Levesque incorporates the stories and experiences of more than 100 of her astronomer colleagues from around the world to describe the essential human component of astronomy.

She describes the bitter frustrations of cloudy nights as only an astronomer can experience them.

But theres also the thrill of new discoveries. In 2017, at a specialized observatory in eastern Washington, a gravitational wave was detected for the first time ever, confirming something that Albert Einstein had hypothesized 101 years earlier as part of his theory of relativity.

And somewhere in between, theres the more typical night-in-the-life work of astronomers.

When astronomers are awarded a coveted turn at one of the powerful telescopes scattered on mountaintops around the globe, they bring along music playlists to keep themselves awake. They have favorite snacks like Goldfish crackers and peanut M&Ms.

And theres the congenial custom of gathering outside to watch the sunset with colleagues before heading in to work with the telescopes all night.

Outside the telescopes in Chile, the sunset-watching is usually attended also by a complement of resident viscachas, members of the Chinchilla family that look like long-tailed rabbits.

Depending on the location, animals that astronomers have encountered inside the buildings housing telescopes have included tarantulas, scorpions, skunks, even a bear.

Surprising, inspiring and relatable, The Last Stargazers is a fine summer read.

The Bookmonger is Barbara Lloyd McMichael, who writes this weekly column focusing on the books, authors and publishers of the Pacific Northwest. Contact her at bkmonger@nwlink.com.

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Bookmonger: 'The Last Stargazers' is a behind-the-scenes look at astronomy - Discover Our Coast

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