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Global Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Industry Outlook 2020-2027 with Profiles of 46 Players Including Abbott Labs, Celgene Corp, GE…

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

DUBLIN, Aug. 5, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The "Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) - Global Market Trajectory & Analytics" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

The publisher brings years of research experience to this 9th edition of the report. The 190-page report presents concise insights into how the pandemic has impacted production and the buy side for 2020 and 2021. A short-term phased recovery by key geography is also addressed.

Global Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Market to Reach $475.2 Billion by 2027

Amid the COVID-19 crisis, the global market for Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) estimated at US$183.9 Billion in the year 2020, is projected to reach a revised size of US$475.2 Billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 14.5% over the analysis period 2020-2027.

Therapeutics, one of the segments analyzed in the report, is projected to record a 14.1% CAGR and reach US$369.5 Billion by the end of the analysis period. After an early analysis of the business implications of the pandemic and its induced economic crisis, growth in the Regenerative medicine segment is readjusted to a revised 15.7% CAGR for the next 7-year period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $54.3 Billion, While China is Forecast to Grow at 14% CAGR

The Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) market in the U.S. is estimated at US$54.3 Billion in the year 2020. China, the world's second largest economy, is forecast to reach a projected market size of US$82.8 Billion by the year 2027 trailing a CAGR of 14% over the analysis period 2020 to 2027.

Among the other noteworthy geographic markets are Japan and Canada, each forecast to grow at 12.8% and 12.5% respectively over the 2020-2027 period. Within Europe, Germany is forecast to grow at approximately 10.7% CAGR.

In-vitro diagnostics Segment to Record 16.3% CAGR

In the global In-vitro diagnostics segment, USA, Canada, Japan, China and Europe will drive the 16.1% CAGR estimated for this segment. These regional markets accounting for a combined market size of US$5.7 Billion in the year 2020 will reach a projected size of US$16.2 Billion by the close of the analysis period.

China will remain among the fastest growing in this cluster of regional markets. Led by countries such as Australia, India, and South Korea, the market in Asia-Pacific is forecast to reach US$56.9 Billion by the year 2027.

Competitors identified in this market include, among others:

Total Companies Profiled: 46

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/44bvip

Research and Markets also offers Custom Research services providing focused, comprehensive and tailored research.

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Global Healthcare Nanotechnology (Nanomedicine) Industry Outlook 2020-2027 with Profiles of 46 Players Including Abbott Labs, Celgene Corp, GE...

Global Projection 2020: Nanomedicine Market Exclusive Profitable Comprehensive Research Report with COVID-19 Impact Overview | Forecast 2029 – News…

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

An investigation ofNanomedicineMarket has been given in the most recent report launched by MarketResearch.Biz that essentially focuses on the market trends, demand spectrum, and future prospects of this industry over the conjecture time frame. Moreover, the report gives a point by point statistical review in terms of trends outlining the geographical opportunities and contributions by prominent industry share contenders.

In addition, the report centers on giving thorough comprehensive analytical data on the local fragments, which incorporate North America, Asia-Pacific, Middle East & Africa, and the Rest of the World. Other than this, improvement plans and strategies, marketing terminologies, manufacturing protocols, current trends, dynamics of the market, and characterization have been clarified in brief in this Nanomedicine market report. The group of specialists and investigators displays the readers exact measurements and logical information in the report in a simple manner by methods for graphs, outlines, pie graphs, and other pictorial delineations.

For all-inclusive information: Download a FREE sample copy of NanomedicineMarket Report Study 2020-2029 athttps://marketresearch.biz/report/nanomedicine-market/request-sample

Topmost Prime Key Manufacturers of Nanomedicine Market Report-Abbott Laboratories, Ablynx NV, Abraxis BioScience, Inc., Celgene Corporation, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Limited, GE Healthcare Limited, Merck & Co., Inc., Pfizer Inc., Nanosphere, Inc., Johnson & Johnson Services, Inc.

How Does This Nanomedicine Market Insights Help?

Nanomedicine Market share (regional, product, end-user, application) both in terms of volume and revenue alongside CAGR

Key parameters which are driving this market and restraining its development

What all challenges manufacturers will face as well as new opportunities and threats faced by them

Find out about the market strategies that are being adopted by your competitors and leading organizations

To gain insightful analyses of the market and have a extensive comprehension of the Nanomedicine Market and its commercial landscape

Impact of Covid-19 in Nanomedicine Market:The utility-possessed section is for the most part being driven by increasing financial incentives and regulatory supports from the governments globally. The current utility-owned Nanomedicine are affected primarily by the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the projects in China, Germany, the US, and South Korea are delayed, and the companies are facing short-term operational issues due to supply chain constraints and lack of site access due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Asia-Pacific is anticipated is foreseen to get exceptionally influenced by the spread of the COVID-19 due to the effect of the pandemic in China, Japan, and India. China is the epic focus of this lethal disease.

Connect with our Analyst to understand the CORONA Virus/COVID-19 impact and be smart in redefining Business Strategies @https://marketresearch.biz/report/nanomedicine-market/covid-19-impact

Overview of Nanomedicine market:

The report begins with a market overview and moves on to cover the growth prospects of the Nanomedicine market. A detailed segmentation analysis of the Nanomedicine market is available in the report. Nanomedicine industry comprehensive analysis also covers upstream raw materials, marketing channels, downstream client surveys, equipment, industry development trend, and proposals. Furthermore, a business overview, revenue share, and SWOT analysis of the leading players in the Nanomedicine market are available in the report.

Click on- >To Inquiry And Customization of Nanomedicine Market Report

Segmentation Assessment By product, application, and region:

Global nanomedicine market segmentation by product:TherapeuticsRegenerative medicineIn-vitro diagnosticsIn-vivo diagnosticsVaccines

Global nanomedicine market segmentation by application:Clinical OncologyInfectious diseasesClinical CardiologyOrthopedicsOthers

The report offers an in-depth assessment of growth and other aspects of the market. Nanomedicine in major countries (regions), including:

> North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)

> Europe (Germany, France, United Kingdom, Russia and Italy)

> Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India, and Southeast Asia)

> South America (Brazil, Argentina, etc.)

> Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

In this study, the years considered to estimate the market size of the Nanomedicine Market are as follows:

Base Year: 2019 | Estimated Year: 2020 | Forecast Year: 2020 to 2029

Nanomedicine industrial report not only offers hard to find facts about the trends and innovation driving the current and future of Nanomedicine business, but also provides insights into competitive development such as acquisition and mergers, joint ventures, product launches, and technology advancements.

Table of Contents

Introduction: The report begins with an executive summary, which includes the highlights of the Nanomedicine Industry Research Study.

Market Segmentation: This section provides a detailed analysis of the type and application segments of the Nanomedicine market and shows the progress of each segment with the help of easy-to-understand statistics and graphical presentations.

Regional Analysis: All major regions and countries are covered in the Nanomedicine Industry Report.

Market Dynamics: The report provides an insight into the dynamics of the Nanomedicine industry, including challenges, constraints, trends, opportunities, and drivers.

Competition: Here, the report provides company profiles of the top players competing in the Nanomedicine market.

Forecasts: This section is filled with global and regional forecasts, CAGR, and size estimates for the Nanomedicine market and its segments, and production, revenue, consumption, sales, and other forecasts.

Recommendations: The authors of the report have provided practical suggestions and reliable recommendations to help players achieve a position of strength in the Nanomedicine market.

Research Methodology: The report provides clear information about the research approach, tools and methodology, and data sources used for the Nanomedicine Industry Research Study.

>>>Read Out Complete TOC of Nanomedicine Market@https://marketresearch.biz/report/nanomedicine-market/#toc<<<

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MarketResearch.biz is a global market research and consulting service provider specialized in offering a wide range of business solutions to their clients including market research reports, primary and secondary research, demand forecasting services, focus group analysis and other services. We understand that how data is important in todays competitive environment and thus, we have collaborated with industrys leading research providers who work continuously to meet the ever-growing demand for market research reports throughout the year.

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Global Projection 2020: Nanomedicine Market Exclusive Profitable Comprehensive Research Report with COVID-19 Impact Overview | Forecast 2029 - News...

Green One-Step Synthesis of Medical Nanoagents for Advanced Radiation | NSA – Dove Medical Press

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Daniela Salado-Leza,1,2 Erika Porcel,1 Xiaomin Yang,1 Lenka tefankov,1 Marta Bolsa-Ferruz,1 Farah Savina,1 Diana Dragoe,3 Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern,4 Ting-Di Wu,4 Ryoichi Hirayama,5 Hynd Remita,6 Sandrine Lacombe1

1Universit Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Molculaires dOrsay, 91405 Orsay, France; 2Ctedra CONACyT, Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potos, 78210 San Luis Potos, Mexico; 3Universit Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8182, Institut de Chimie Molculaire et des Matriaux dOrsay, 91405 Orsay, France; 4Paris-Saclay University, Multimodal Imaging Center (UMS 2016/US 43) CNRS, INSERM, Institut Curie, 91405 Orsay, France; 5Department of Charged Particle Therapy Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 263-8555 Chiba, Japan; 6Universit Paris Saclay, CNRS UMR 8000, Institut de Chimie Physique, 91405 Orsay, France

Correspondence: Sandrine LacombeUniversit Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 8214, Institut des Sciences Molculaires dOrsay, Andr Rivire Street, Building 520, Orsay Cedex 91405, FranceTel +33 1 6915 8263Email sandrine.lacombe@universite-paris-saclay.fr

Purpose: Metal-based nanoparticles (M-NPs) have attracted great attention in nanomedicine due to their capacity to amplify and improve the tumor targeting of medical beams. However, their simple, efficient, high-yield and reproducible production remains a challenge. Currently, M-NPs are mainly synthesized by chemical methods or radiolysis using toxic reactants. The waste of time, loss of material and potential environmental hazards are major limitations.Materials and Methods: This work proposes a simple, fast and green strategy to synthesize small, non-toxic and stable NPs in water with a 100% production rate. Ionizing radiation is used to simultaneously synthesize and sterilize the containing NPs solutions. The synthesis of platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) coated with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) ligands (PEG) is presented as proof of concept. The physicochemical properties of NPs were studied by complementary specialized techniques. Their toxicity and radio-enhancing properties were evaluated in a cancerous in vitro model. Using plasmid nanoprobes, we investigated the elementary mechanisms underpinning radio-enhancement.Results and Discussion: Pt NPs showed nearly spherical-like shapes and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 9 nm. NPs are zero-valent platinum successfully coated with PEG. They were found non-toxic and have the singular property of amplifying cell killing induced by -rays (14%) and even more, the effects of carbon ions (44%) used in particle therapy. They induce nanosized-molecular damage, which is a major finding to potentially implement this protocol in treatment planning simulations.Conclusion: This new eco-friendly, fast and simple proposed method opens a new era of engineering water-soluble biocompatible NPs and boosts the development of NP-aided radiation therapies.

Keywords: platinum nanoparticles, radiolytic method, environmentally-friendly process, nanomedicine, radiotherapy

This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution - Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License.By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.

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Green One-Step Synthesis of Medical Nanoagents for Advanced Radiation | NSA - Dove Medical Press

Minecraft, Bollywood Dance, and Astrophysics Help College Students Connect With Kids Online – NBC Bay Area

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

A new, Bay Area-born program designed to cure kids' pandemic boredom is wrapping up its first successful summer -- and may be available to help middle and high school students keep learning in the fall.

It's called Connect-in-Place. (Think "shelter-in-place", but learning online while doing it.) The free program aims to connect kids and teens with students at Stanford, Cal, Harvard, and other top universities.

Connect-in-Place got going only a few months ago, when University of California, Berkeley business students Danielle Egan and Saumya Goyal came up with the idea.

Our goal is basically to cure the isolation and boredom that came about from shelter in place, Goyal said.

The online mini-courses cover traditional topics like astronomy and algebra, but branch into more unique categories, too -- like dance lessons for TikTok and Bollywood music, or the popular video game Minecraft.

The full title is: Minecraft, Introduction to Team Building and Architecture," Egan said. "Its not just playing on Minecraft. Its like, how can we apply this really cool program to build teams, build your own building, and dig a little deeper there.

Egan and Goyal's brainchild was a mere flash of genius in the spring. By summer, they'd already connected 150 volunteer university mentors, hosts, and teachers to 2,200 computer campers -- who might not otherwise ever interact with elite college students.

We aim to provide the opportunity to connect with these kids who are at really incredible colleges... ask them questions and learn from them firsthand," Goyal said.

With so much success so fast, we asked Egan and Goyal to share one of their secrets. Their "Four-Minute Rule" is a great example. Instructors are taught to add something engaging to every video conference, every four minutes.

"By adding little activities every four minutes, into your videoconferencing, you really build a lot of engagement and keep people looking at their screen," Goyal said. "An icebreaker; a poll; a breakout room; just something to get people thinking and clicking a button.

The courses are free and open to all middle and high school students. Connect-in-Place asks participants who can afford it to make a small weekly donation, with all money going toward laptops for low-income students.

Although Connect-in-Place is wrapping up its summer sessions, Egan and Goyal say they're looking at options for more courses in the fall and beyond.

You can learn more about Connect-in-Place and donate at ConnectInPlace.org.

More here:

Minecraft, Bollywood Dance, and Astrophysics Help College Students Connect With Kids Online - NBC Bay Area

UR #26: Improved Methods for Ground-Based Follow-Up of Young Stars and Planets from the ZEIT Survey – Astrobites

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

by Astrobites | Aug 10, 2020 | Daily Paper Summaries |

The undergrad research series is where we feature the research thatyouredoing. If youve missed the previous installments, you can find themunder the Undergraduate Research category here.

Are you doingan REU thissummer? Were you working onanastro research project during this past school year? If you, too, have been working on a project that you want to share,we want to hear from you!Think youre up to the challenge of describing your research carefully and clearly to a broad audience, in only one paragraph? Then send us a summary of it!

You can share what youre doing by clickinghereand using the form provided to submit a brief (fewer than 200 words) write-up of your work. The target audience is one familiar with astrophysics but not necessarily your specific subfield, so write clearly and try to avoid jargon. Feel free to also include either a visual regarding your research or else a photo of yourself.

We look forward to hearing from you!

************

Stephen Schmidt

University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill

Stephen Schmidt is an undergraduate studying Astrophysics and Applied Mathematics at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. He completed this research at UNC-CH under the supervision of Dr. Andrew Mann.

In recent years, NASA has sponsored several space missions to find exoplanets planets that orbit other stars. Since space-based telescopes cannot spend too much time observing each individual target, we have to use telescopes on the ground to follow-up. I used Las Cumbres Observatory, a global network of telescopes, to gather data on a set of young planets and stars. I measured the brightness of each target over many images and corrected the data for atmospheric interference. Since the stars that I am interested in tend to be very red and vary in brightness a lot, I had to make sure that my code was tailored for this. With these corrections, I generated light curves of the targets. These are plots that show how the brightness of the target star changes over time. With my light curves, I observed several transits, when one object passes in front of another and blocks out some light. This causes the flux ratio, between the current amount of light detected and the usual amount of light the star appears to emit, to decrease and appear lower for the duration of the event (see Figure). I also used the light curves to see how some of the stars with a dusty disk around them changed in brightness over time. I presented my work this June at AAS 236.

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UR #26: Improved Methods for Ground-Based Follow-Up of Young Stars and Planets from the ZEIT Survey - Astrobites

Investigating the far-flung reaches of the universe – Times Higher Education (THE)

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Through international collaborations and ground-breaking hi-res simulations, UAEU is discovering more about supermassive black holes

Muhammad Abdul Latif has been exploring the mysteries of the universe for more than a decade. An assistant professor of astrophysics at United Arab Emirates University (UAEU), he investigates supermassive black holes that lie at the centres of galaxies.

Dr Latif and other astronomers at UAEU examine the formation of these black holes, which each have a mass equal to several million, or even billion, times that of the Sun.

The question is how these black holes form and grow and how they interact with galaxies, and how galaxies feed black holes, he says. It is difficult to know the birth mass of a black hole when it is first formed, Dr Latif says, but they are understood to grow significantly over time as they accrete large amounts of material.

There are various models and mechanisms to explain how black holes form and grow over time to reach billions of solar masses, he says. Dr Latifs research focuses on the direct-collapse mechanism, where a cloud of gas monolithically collapses and, rather than splintering to form stars, forms a single massive black hole 100,000 times the mass of the Sun.

Scientists have theorised that direct-collapse black holes are responsible for powering the earliest quasars luminous and powerful distant objects that emit up to a thousand times the entire energy output of the Milky Way.

Dr Latif is working with academics around the world to better understand these direct-collapse supermassive black holes. The tools used in his research are open-source codes primarily supported by the National Science Foundation, Nasa and contributions from various academic institutions around the world. He collaborates with the developers of these codes, such as researchers at the Georgia Institute of Technologys School of Physics, and UAEU has also established partnerships in Germany, Italy, the USA, the UK, France, Chile and Japan.

Recently he has been working with researchers at the University of Portsmouth and the University of Edinburgh on the universes first quasars and binary black holes systems of two black holes in close orbit around one another. Using high-resolution simulations, they secured a breakthrough about the types of dark-matter haloes these binary black holes can form in by demonstrating that these systems can form in low-spin haloes, which raises the exciting possibility of detecting gravitational waves from the mergers of direct-collapse black holes.

Dr Latif is also involved with the European Space Agency-funded Athena X-ray observatory, which will observe X-ray emission from black holes and help to constrain different models. Various ground- and space-based missions such as the James Webb SpaceTelescope, Euclid and WFIRST will be testing models he has worked on. These projects are funded by different governments who aim to understand the mysteries of the universe, he says.

Dr Latif is optimistic that the Middle East can establish itself as a global hub in astronomy research. UAEUs astronomy department is small but growing, and Dr Latif has secured funding for PhD students and postdocs to build his own research group that he says will provide much-needed manpower for more research.

I think the Middle East has a lot of potential in terms of resources and [its governments] are getting more eager to invest in space and astronomy, he says. Dr Latif will soon be working with a colleague who has secured funding to create a small radio telescope, the UAEU Radio Astronomy Pathway Project (URAPP), which will eventually become part of the Square Kilometre Array an international effort to create the world's largest radio telescope. UAEU researchers are working with counterparts in Australia, who are advising them on how to build the instrumentation. In the coming years, Dr Latif will be taking on some of the questions that have puzzled astronomers for many decades. He aims to cement more international collaborations and will focus his efforts on examining how supermassive black holes grow and how the radiation that they produce regulates star formation in their host galaxies.

Accreting black holes produce a lot of radiation, which regulates the star formation within the host galaxy, Dr Latif explains. He says that these mechanisms are relatively better understood in the local universe, but that modern telescopes have given astronomers access to better observation of systems in the further reaches of the universe.

They have observed that some galaxies are forming stars at much higher rates than others. Some are forming thousands of stars per year like our Sun which is much higher than the star-formation rate in our galaxy. How and whyare questions that remain to be answered.

Read The birth of binary direct-collapse black holes, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, to find out more about UAEUs work on supermassive black holes.

Learn moreabout UAEU.

Link:

Investigating the far-flung reaches of the universe - Times Higher Education (THE)

Alien life bombshell: Scientist says we will find intelligent life ‘within our lifetimes’ – Daily Express

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Such discoveries would shake humanity to its very core, forcing humanity to reappraise its place in the Universe.

Dr Israelian said: I think we will discover intelligent life in our lifetime.

"At least, we will find clear signatures [evidence of life] that have come from intelligent life.

Its the kind of discovery that will shake humanity."

The 1.6billion unmanned explorer will land on the Martian surface in February 2021.

The rover will then drill into the planet to search for alien microbes in rock and soil samples.

A growing scientific consensus believes Mars had the conditions for tiny microbes to exist billions of years ago.

Many also propose the Red Planet may still host life today.

Dr Israelian thinks NASAs Perseverance has a chance of finding evidence of aliens, though the odds are stacked against it.

He said: Perseverance has a 10 percent chance of finding microbes on Mars.

"This is purely speculative. But it's a good number, really."

Should scientists make the shocking discovery, humanity would be a step closer to colonising the Red Planet.

Some experts, including billionaire and SpaceX boss Elon Musk, believe we could make Mars habitable by changing its atmosphere.

Some suggest we release gases on the dusty planet to create a greenhouse effect, while others including Musk suggest we nuke the planet as part of a process called "terraforming".

The mission would artificially give Mars an atmosphere and help its climate return to the state that [potentially] allowed life to grow there long ago.

Although the idea has been met with heavy criticism, Dr Israelian thinks mankind will likely turn to it when the planets warming climate begins to render our planet inhospitable.

"I think when the time comes people will not care, knowing humanity.

"The moment the going gets tough well have Burger Kings up there."

Dr Israelian is a founder of the Starmus Festival, which combines music and science and is in its ninth year.

He said: It was a result of our never-ending discussions about science and arts.

Link:

Alien life bombshell: Scientist says we will find intelligent life 'within our lifetimes' - Daily Express

Space roar: NASA detected the loudest sound in the universe, but what is it? – Space.com

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

In space, nobody can hear you scream, but with the right equipment, it is possible to detect a roar. That's what scientists discovered back in 2006 when they began to look for distant signals in the universe using a complex instrument fixed to a huge balloon that was sent to space. The instrument was able to pick up radio waves from the heat of distant stars, but what came through that year was nothing short of astounding.

As the instrument listened from a height of about 23 miles (37 kilometers), it picked up a signal that was six-times louder than expected by cosmologists. Because it was too loud to be early stars and far greater than the predicted combined radio emission from distant galaxies, the powerful signal caused great puzzlement. And scientists still don't know what is causing it, even today. What's more, it could hamper efforts to search for signals from the first stars that formed after the Big Bang.

The instrument that detected the mysterious roaring signal was the Absolute Radiometer for Cosmology, Astrophysics, and Diffuse Emission (ARCADE), which NASA built to extend the study of the cosmic microwave background spectrum at lower frequencies.

The mission's science goals as ARCADE floated high above Earth's atmosphere, free of interference from our planet were to find heat from the first generation of stars, search for particle physics relics from the Big Bang and observe the formation of the first stars and galaxies. It accomplished these goals by scanning 7% of the night sky for radio signals, since distant light becomes radio waves as it loses energy over distance.

Related: The Big Bang: What really happened at our universe's birth?

ARCADE was able to make "absolutely calibrated zero-level" measurements, which means it was measuring the actual brightness of something in real physical terms rather than relative terms. This was different from typical radio telescopes, which observe and contrast two points in the sky. By looking at all of the "light" and comparing it to a blackbody source, ARCADE was able to see the combination of many dim sources. It was then that the intensity of one particular signal became apparent, albeit over many months.

"While it might make a good movie to see us surprised when we see the light meter pop over to a value six-times what was expected, we actually spent years getting ready for our balloon flight and a very busy night taking data," said NASA scientist Dale J. Fixsen. "It then took months of data analysis to first separate instrumental effects from the signal and then to separate galactic radiation from the signal. So the surprise was gradually revealed over months." That said, the impact was still huge.

Since then, scientists have looked to see where the radiation is coming from while looking to describe the properties of the signal. The latter became apparent rather quickly.

"It's a diffuse signal coming from all directions, so it is not caused by any one single object," said Al Kogut, who headed the ARCADE team at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. "The signal also has a frequency spectrum, or 'color,' that is similar to radio emission from our own Milky Way galaxy."

Scientists call the signal "radio synchrotron background" background being an emission from many individual sources and blending together into a diffuse glow. But because the "space roar" is caused by synchrotron radiation, a type of emission from high-energy charged particles in magnetic fields, and because every source has the same characteristic spectrum, pinpointing the origin of this intense signal is difficult.

"It has been known since the late 1960s that the combined radio emission from distant galaxies should form a diffuse radio background coming from all directions," Kogut told All About Space in an email. "The space roar is similar to this expected signal, but there doesn't seem to be six-times more galaxies in the distant universe to make up the difference, which could point to something new and exciting as the source."

Whether or not this source is inside or outside the Milky Way is under debate.

"There are good arguments why it cannot be coming from within the Milky Way, and good arguments for why it cannot be coming from outside the galaxy," Kogut said.

One reason it probably isn't coming from within our galaxy is because the roar doesn't seem to follow the spatial distribution of Milky Way radio emission. But nobody is saying for certain that the signal isn't from a source closer to home only that the smart money is on it coming from elsewhere.

All About Space

(Image credit: Future)

This article is brought to you byAll About Space.

All About Spacemagazine takes you on an awe-inspiring journey through our solar system and beyond, from the amazing technology and spacecraft that enables humanity to venture into orbit, to the complexities of space science.

"I wouldn't quite say that scientists have largely ruled out the possibility of the radio synchrotron background originating from our galaxy," said Jack Singal, an assistant professor of physics at the University of Richmond in Virginia, who recently led a workshop on the matter. "However, I would say that this explanation does seem to be less likely.

"The primary reason is that it would make our galaxy completely unlike any similar spiral galaxy, which as far as we can tell do not exhibit the sort of giant, spherical, radio-emitting halo extending far beyond the galactic disk that would be required. There are other issues as well, such as that it would require a complete rethinking of our models of the galactic magnetic field."

Fixsen agrees wholeheartedly. "In other spiral galaxies there is a close relation between the infrared and radio emission, even in small sections of these others," he said. "So, if it is from a halo around our galaxy, it would make the Milky Way a weird galaxy, while in most other respects it seems like a 'normal' spiral galaxy."

For those reasons, experts think the signal is primarily extragalactic in origin. "It would make it the most interesting photon background in the sky at the moment because the source population is completely unknown," Singal said. But since the universe is so vast this doesn't exactly narrow things down that much, which is why scientists have been working hard to come up with multiple theories for the signal's source.

Related: Mysterious deep-space flashes repeat every 157 days

American physicist David Brown, for example, said the space roar could be "the first great empirical success of M-theory," a broad mathematical framework encompassing string theory. "There might be a Fredkin-Wolfram automaton spread across multitudes of alternate universes, yielding recurrent physical time with endless repetitions of all possible physical events," Brown wrote on the FQXi Community blog. What this supposes is that the early universe had much more real matter than today, accounting for the powerful radio signal.

The space roar could be "the first great empirical success of M-theory," a broad mathematical framework encompassing string theory.

But if that is too far out, there are other theories to get your teeth into. "Radio astronomers have looked at the sky and have identified a couple of types of synchrotron sources," Fixsen said.

Synchrotron radiation is easy to make, he said. "All you need is energetic particles and a magnetic field, and there are energetic particles everywhere, produced by supernovas, stellar winds, black holes, even OB stars," which are hot, massive stars of spectral type O or early-type B. "Intergalactic space seems to be filled with very hot gas, so if intergalactic magnetic fields were strong enough [stronger than predicted], they could generate smooth synchrotron radiation," he said.

It is also known that synchrotron radiation is associated with star production. "This also generates infrared radiation, hence the close correlation," Fixsen said. "But perhaps the first stars generated synchrotron radiation yet, before metals were produced, they did not generate very much infrared radiation. Or perhaps there is some process that we haven't thought of yet."

So what does this leave us with? "Possible sources include either diffuse large-scale mechanisms such as turbulently merging clusters of galaxies, or an entirely new class of heretofore unknown incredibly numerous individual sources of radio emission in the universe," Singal said. "But anything in that regard is highly speculative at the moment, and some suggestions that have been raised include annihilating dark matter, supernovae of the first generations of stars and many others."

Some scientists have suggested gases in large clusters of galaxies could be the source, although it's unlikely ARCADE's instruments would have been able to detect radiation from any of them. Similarly, there is a chance that the signal was detected from the earliest stars or that it is originating from lots of otherwise dim radio galaxies, the accumulative effect of which is being picked up. But if this was the case then they'd have to be packed incredibly tightly, to the point that there is no gap between them, which appears unlikely.

"Of course, there is also the possibility that there has been a coincidence of errors among ARCADE and the other measurements to date that have mismeasured the level of the radio synchrotron background," Singal said. "This does seem unlikely, given that these are very different instruments measuring in quite different frequency bands."

Whatever the signal is, it's also causing issues when it comes to detecting other space objects. As NASA has pointed out in the past, the earliest stars are hidden behind the space roar, and that is making them more difficult to detect. It's as if the universe is giving with one hand and taking with another, but to have uncovered something so unusual is immensely exciting. When you're ruling out an origin from primordial stars and known radio sources such as gas in the outermost halo of our galaxy, it's a mystery any scientist would savour with relish.

"Beyond that, I think we may need some brilliant new origin hypothesis that nobody has thought of yet."

In order for scientists to finally resolve this 13-year conundrum, more research and evidence is sorely needed. As it stands, there is a debate over sending ARCADE back up given the advent of new technology, and given its precise set of instruments, immersed in more than 500 gallons of ultra-cold liquid helium to make them even more sensitive, there would certainly be no harm in doing so.

But there are also new projects emerging which could help. "One of them will use the 300-foot [91 meter] radio telescope at Green Bank, West Virginia, to map the radio sky to higher precision than before," Kogut said. "Perhaps this will shed some light on the mystery."

Singal certainly hopes so. He is working on the Green Bank Telescope project, making use of the largest clear-aperture radio telescope in the world to measure the level of the background as a primary, rather than ancillary goal. It will do this using a definitive, purpose-built, absolutely calibrated zero-level measurement taken at the megahertz (MHz) frequencies where the radio sky is brightest. (A megahertz is equal to a million hertz.)

"This measurement is currently being developed by a team which I am on, utilizing custom instrumentation which will be mounted on the telescope," Singal explained. There is also going to be another measurement attempt, this one looking to measure or further limit the so-called "anisotropy," or variation of the radio synchrotron background, again at the MHz frequencies where it dominates.

"That is not its absolute level, but rather the small differences from place to place in the sky," Singal said. "With some collaborators, I am trying a first attempt at that using the Low-Frequency Array [LOFAR] in The Netherlands. Both of these measurements in concert can help nail down whether the radio synchrotron background is primarily galactic or extragalactic in origin. Beyond that, I think we may need some brilliant new origin hypothesis that nobody has thought of yet."

Additional resources:

This article was adapted from a previous version published in All About Space magazine, a Future Ltd. publication.

The rest is here:

Space roar: NASA detected the loudest sound in the universe, but what is it? - Space.com

From exploring immigrant identities to treating cancer: U of T awarded 29 Canada Research Chairs – News@UofT

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

The University of Torontos Neda Maghbouleh seeks to better understand how borders, wars and other geopolitical forces influence the formation of immigrants identities.

My work is fundamentally motivated by unresolved questions about integration, assimilation, and racialization, says Maghbouleh, an associate professor in U of T Mississaugas department of sociology.

Through a strategic focus on Syrian refugees and others from the Middle Eastern/North African region, I am building a multilevel analysis of the evolving identities of newcomers to Canada and the U.S. today.

The goal is to advance new theories that explain the influence of geopolitics, borders, war, sanctions and surveillance on everyday peoples racial identifications and attachments.

An international expert on the formation of racial identity, Maghbouleh is one of 29 new or renewed Canada Research Chairs at U of T. Her tier two chair in migration, race and identity will allow her to further expand her scholarship on how racial identities traffic across borders and categories.

The Canada Research Chair Program was established in 2000 to fund outstanding researchers in this country. It provides approximately $295 million annually to universities to help retain and attract top minds, spur innovation and foster training excellence in Canadian post-secondary institutions.

Congratulations to the University of Torontos new and renewed Canada Research Chairs, says University Professor Ted Sargent, U of Ts vice-president, research and innovation, and strategic initiatives. This investment will further strengthen and build on the exceptional research environment at U of T.

The Canada Research Chairs Program enables our nations researchers to make ground-breaking discoveries, create new knowledge and attract talent that ultimately benefits all Canadians.

Maghbouleh is among those emerging researchers who are making their mark. Her 2017 award-winning book The Limits of Whiteness: Iranian Americans and the Everyday Politics of Race explored the culture and identity of Iranian Americans as well as the discrimination they face. It has been adopted in courses at over 30 universities in North America and the U.K.

Since she became a faculty member at U of T Mississauga in 2015, Maghboulehs research has received consistent funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC), including a major Insight Grant for the project Settlement, Integration, & Stress: A 5-Year Longitudinal Study of Syrian Newcomer Mothers & Teens in the GTA. She recently presented early findings from the project to the research and evaluation branch of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.

Maghbouleh says the research chair will help fuel her ambitious research program and further communicate her findings.

The CRC will turbo-charge my work, she says. And most excitingly, it solidifies the status of UTM, U of T and the Greater Toronto Area as a premier North American hub for research on migration and race.

Kent Moore, U of T Mississaugas vice-principal, research, said he was thrilled with the campuss success in securing three Canada Research Chair designations. In addition to Maghbouleh, they include Sonia Kang in the department of management, who is a newly named tier two chair in identity, diversity, and inclusion, and Iva Zovkic in the department of psychology, who is a tier two chair in behavioural epigenetics.

This recognition exemplifies the innovative work being undertaken by our researchers, says Moore.

With the impressive and exceptional breadth of work Professors Kang, Maghbouleh and Zovkic are doing, they continue to forge new ground in many areas of research and elevate UTM to a higher level of excellence. This support and validation of their work by the Canada Research Chair program demonstrates the outstanding caliber of their scholarly leadership.

Here are the new and renewed Canada Research Chairs at U of T:

New Canada Research Chairs

Renewals of Canada Research Chairs

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From exploring immigrant identities to treating cancer: U of T awarded 29 Canada Research Chairs - News@UofT

A deep, giant cloud disruption found on Venus – EarthSky

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Sequence of infrared images of the lower clouds on Venus, showing a consistent pattern of a planetary-scale cloud discontinuity. This type of giant atmospheric wave has never been before on any other planets in our solar system. Image via Javier Peralta/ JAXA-Planet-C team/ Astrophysics and Space Sciences.

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Scientists have announced something new and unexpected: a giant atmospheric wave or disruption in Venus lower atmosphere. Its unlike anything else seen in the solar system. The researchers say it has been rapidly moving at about 30 miles (50 km) above the planets surface for at least 35 years. It went completely undetected until now.

The amazing discovery is reported in a new peer-reviewed study, published May 27, 2020, inGeophysical Research Letters.

Venus is the planet next-inward to the sun from Earth. Its completely covered by thick clouds. These clouds are so dense that we cant peer beneath them to view Venus surface. For this reason, the lower atmosphere and surface of Venus have remained largely mysterious. We know the clouds of Venus consist mostly of carbon dioxide, with droplets of sulphuric acid. Strong wind patterns have been observed before in the atmosphere of Venus in ultraviolet and infrared light.

The new atmospheric feature a giant wall of acidic clouds is different from previous observations in part because its the first huge atmospheric wave found at the lower cloud level in Venus atmosphere, at altitudes between 29.5 and 35 miles (47.5 and 56.5 km). This wall of clouds is massive, extending as far as 4,700 miles (7,500 km) across the equator of Venus, from 30 degrees north to 40 degrees south.

According to the researchers, it rotates around the planet in five days, at about 204 miles per hour (328 kph). Its been doing that since at least 1983.

The Japanese space agency JAXAsVenus orbiter Akatsuki made the discovery. The phenomenon looked like an atmospheric wave, only much larger than whats typically seen. It was found by Akatsuki as the spacecraft acquired detailed infrared images of Venus nightside, studying the mid and lower layers of the planets atmosphere.

Animation showing Venuss lower clouds (about 30 miles/ 50 km above the surface) in infrared light. Bright clouds are more transparent to thermal radiation emitted from the ground than darker clouds. Image via Javier Peralta/ JAXA-Planet C team/ Astrophysics and Space Sciences.

Pedro Machado of theInstitute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences, part of theUniversity of Lisbon in Portugal said in a statement:

If this happened on Earth, this would be a frontal surface at the scale of the planet, and thats incredible. Under the follow-up campaign, we went back to images I took in the infrared in 2012 with the Galileo National Telescope in the Canary Islands, and we found precisely the same disruption.

TheInstitute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences has had a long-running research program studying Venus winds. It also contributed follow-up observations with NASAs Infrared Telescope Facility in Hawaii, coordinated with the new observations from Akatsuki.

Huge cloud patterns have been observed before in Venus atmosphere, such as the Y wave, a dark Y-shaped structure found in the upper atmosphere that covers nearly the whole planetary disk. It is only visible when observed in ultraviolet light. There is also a 6,200-mile-long (10,000-km-long) bow-shaped stationary wave, also in the upper clouds layers, thought to be caused by the planets huge mountain ranges.

Meanwhile, in visible light, Venus dense atmosphere looks very bland.

Example of undulations behind the atmospheric discontinuity on the night side of Venus on April 15, 2016. Image via Javier Peralta/ JAXA-Planet C team/ Astrophysics and Space Sciences.

Pattern of cloud disruption seen in infrared images taken by the Japanese space agency JAXA Akatsuki Venus orbiter in 2016. Image via Javier Peralta/ JAXA-Planet C team/ Astrophysics and Space Sciences.

Finding this phenomenon in the lower atmosphere is interesting, not only because it wasnt noticed before, but also because this region in the atmosphere of Venus is thought to be responsible for the planets hellish greenhouse effect. This effect causes the heat of the sun to be retained near Venus surface. It keeps the surface at a sizzling temperature of 869 degrees Fahrenheit (465 degrees Celsius), hot enough to melt lead. The dynamics of Venus atmosphere are still not well understood overall, so planetary-scale waves such as this might help scientists better understand how the planets surface and atmosphere interact.

Javier Peralta, who led the new study, said:

Since the disruption cannot be observed in the ultraviolet images sensing the top of the clouds at about 43-mile (70-km) height, confirming its wave nature is of critical importance. We would have finally found a wave transporting momentum and energy from the deep atmosphere and dissipating before arriving at the top of the clouds. It would therefore be depositing momentum precisely at the level where we observe the fastest winds of the so-called atmospheric super-rotation of Venus, whose mechanisms have been a long-time mystery.

Ultraviolet image of the Y wave in Venus upper atmosphere, from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter on February 26, 1979. Image via NASA/ Astronomy Now.

The bow-shaped atmospheric wave in Venus upper atmosphere, as seen by Akatsuki in 2015. It is thought to be caused by Venus massive mountain ranges. Image via JAXA/ Science Alert.

Artists illustration of Akatsuki orbiting Venus. Image via ISAS/ JAXA.

This newly discovered cloud front on Venus is essentially meteorological. Basically, were talking here about the weather on Venus. The feature appears to be unique; its never been seen before on any other planets in the solar system. Its therefore difficult to know for certain what is happening, even though the researchers have devised computer simulations to try to mimic the cloud feature. The mechanisms that can create such a giant and long-lasting atmospheric wave are still unknown.

One possibility is that this atmospheric disruption may be a physical manifestation of a type of Kelvin wave,a class of atmospheric gravity wave that shares some important common features with this disruption. Kelvin waves can maintain their shape over long periods of time, and in this case, propagate in the same direction as Venus super-rotating winds. Kelvin waves can also interact with other types of atmospheric waves, such as Rossby waves, which naturally occur as a result of the rotation of the planet. Like Kelvin waves, they can be seen in both atmospheres and oceans. On Venus, they may transport energy from the super-rotation of the atmosphere where the atmosphere rotates faster than the planet itself to the equator.

The researchers looked at images of Venus going as far back as 1983. They were able to confirm the presence of the same features that were seen by Akatsuki. But how did this particular and huge wind formation go unnoticed for so long? According to Machado:

we needed access to a large, growing and scattered collection of images of Venus gathered in the recent decades with different telescopes.

Javier Peralta, a team member of the Akatsuki mission who led the new study. Image via The Planetary Society.

Finding such a large atmospheric phenomenon on Venus, after its being undetected for so long, was a big surprise for scientists. The discovery will help them learn more about the planets complex atmosphere and how it interacts with the planet itself.

Bottom line: Researchers have discovered a giant atmospheric wave-like phenomenon in Venus lower atmosphere, something not seen anywhere else in the solar system.

Source: A Long-Lived Sharp Disruption on the Lower Clouds of Venus

Via Institute of Astrophysics and Space Sciences

Via Institute of Space and Astronautical Science

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A deep, giant cloud disruption found on Venus - EarthSky

Astronomers Sink Their Teeth Into Special Supernova Exploding Stars Produce the Calcium in Our Bones and Teeth – SciTechDaily

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Artists interpretation of the calcium-rich supernova 2019ehk. Shown in orange is the calcium-rich material created in the explosion. Purple coloring represents gas shed by the star right before the explosion, which then produced bright X-ray emission when the material collided with the supernova shockwave. Credit: A. M. Geller/Northwestern University/CTIO/SOAR/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA

Calcium-rich supernovae, a unique type of exploding stars, produce up to half of the calcium in the Universe.

Astronomers using several telescopes at NOIRLab, including the Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope, have obtained critical data on a particular type of exploding star that produces copious amounts of calcium. The calcium produced in this unique type of supernova explosion is the same calcium found in our bones and teeth and these events account for up to half of the calcium found in the Universe.

Thanks to detailed observations using the SOAR Telescope, located on Cerro Pachn in Chile, and a host of telescopes around the world and in space[1], astronomers have been able to probe the inner workings of a special type of supernova explosion. These particular explosions, from compact stars that lose copious amounts of mass late in their lives, appear to create the element calcium in their last dying gasps and it is dispersed by the explosion throughout galaxies like the Milky Way. SOAR is a facility of Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), a Program of NSFs NOIRLab.

Hubble Space Telescope image of SN 2019ehk in its spiral host galaxy, Messier 100. The image is a composite made of pre- and post-explosion images. Credit: CTIO/SOAR/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/Northwestern University/C. Kilpatrick/University of California Santa Cruz/NASA-ESA Hubble Space Telescop

Most massive stars create small amounts of calcium during their lifetimes, but events like SN 2019ehk appear to be responsible for producing vast quantities of calcium and in the process of exploding disperse it through interstellar space within galaxies. Ultimately this calcium makes its way into forming planetary systems, according to Rgis Cartier, an astronomer at NOIRLab and a member of the research team, and into our bodies in the case of our Earth!

Raffaella Margutti, senior author of the study at Northwestern University, adds that prior to this event astronomers had only indirect information on these events, called calcium-rich supernovae. With this direct evidence, we can now confidently rule out the production of calcium-rich supernovae by the vast majority of massive stars, said Margutti.

By observing what this star did in its final month before it reached its critical, tumultuous end, we peered into a place previously unexplored, opening new avenues of study, said Wynn Jacobson-Galan, of Northwestern University, who led the study. The results are published in the 5 August issue of The Astrophysical Journal, which included contributions from a huge collaboration of nearly 70 co-authors from over 15 countries.

SOAR Telescope with snow on mountain. Credit: CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. Fuentes

The SOAR data were critical to the result. In particular, the infrared spectrum acquired with SOAR, only the second-ever obtained of a calcium-rich supernova, opened a new window on the kind of elements expelled by the supernova elements such as helium, carbon, magnesium and calcium, all of which have a clear spectral fingerprint at infrared wavelengths. Understanding how much and what kind of elements are expelled by a supernova provides critical clues to the nature of the explosion what kind of star exploded and how it exploded. It also provides insights into how calcium-rich supernovae produce so much calcium. While that interesting question remains an open issue, the SOAR observations represent some of the first steps toward an answer.

Because these events are so rare, and difficult to detect because they are faint, we dont have a lot of data on which to base our theories about what happens as these stars expel material in their death throes, said Cartier.

The explosive event occurred in the relatively nearby galaxy known as Messier 100 which is a popular target for amateur astronomers and is readily visible through small telescopes. In fact, it was amateur astronomer Joel Shepherd who first spotted the light from the exploding star while stargazing in Seattle on 28 April 2019, and soon thereafter it was designated SN 2019ehk. Messier 100 is a beautiful spiral galaxy similar to our Milky Way and is located some 55 million light-years away towards the constellation of Coma Berenices (Berenices Hair) in the northern sky near the constellation of Ursa Major (The Great Bear) which contains the Big Dipper.

According to Jacobson-Galan, once the discovery was announced telescopes around the world and in space were pointed at the exploding star.

Augmenting optical and infrared observations like those by SOAR, X-ray observations revealed a flood of high-energy X-rays from SN 2019ehk the first time they were observed in a calcium-rich supernova. According to the researchers, nobody had ever thought to look at this type of explosion in X-ray light so soon after it occurred.

The combination of observations by SOAR and other telescopes led to the teams conclusion that this calcium-rich supernova was a compact star that expelled an outer layer of gas as it expired. When it exploded its expelled material collided with surrounding material in its outer shell and the extremely hot temperatures produced X-rays and powered the chemical reactions that make calcium.

The SOAR Telescopes role in studying this event reflects its evolution toward preparations for the massive Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST), which will be carried out at the nearby Vera C. Rubin Observatory, also sited on Cerro Pachn. As SOAR Director Jay Elias explained, The SOAR Telescope is a flexible platform, designed to be able to respond quickly to unexpected astronomical events like this one. In recent years, SOAR has observed many such transient events discovered by large-area surveys in order to probe the nature of those events. We are continually working to increase the telescopes efficiency and agility as we prepare for the start of LSST.

This type of science, which is critically time-dependent, is an important aspect of where astronomy is heading, said Edward Ajhar of the US National Science Foundation. Future facilities such as the Rubin Observatory will discover thousands of transient events like this and will keep astronomers busy making many new discoveries.

[1] Post-explosion observations and spectra for this result were also collected by several facilities at NOIRLab observatories including the Bok 2.3-meter Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and Las Cumbres Observatory telescopes at CTIO, as well as at the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, the Swope 1-meter telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile, the PlaneWave CDK-700 0.7-meter telescope at Thacher Observatory in California, Las Cumbres Observatory telescopes in South Africa (Sutherland), Australia (Siding Spring, Faulkes Telescope South) and the US (McDonald and Faulkes Telescope North), the ATLAS twin 0.5-meter telescope system in Hawaii, the Konkoly Observatory in Hungary, the ESO New Technology Telescope, the MMT Observatory, and the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array in New Mexico. Pre-explosion data from the Hubble Space Telescope, the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory were also used.

This research was presented in a paper to appear in the 5 August issue of The Astrophysical Journal.

For more on this research, read Unprecedented Observations Shine Light on a Dying Stars Final Moments.

###

Reference: SN2019ehk: A double-peaked Ca-rich transient with luminous X-ray emission and shock-ionized spectral features by Wynn V. Jacobson-Galn, Raffaella Margutti, Charles D. Kilpatrick, Daichi Hiramatsu, Hagai Perets, David Khatami, Ryan J. Foley, John Raymond, Sung-Chul Yoon, Alexey Bobrick, Yossef Zenati, Llus Galbany, Jennifer Andrews, Peter J. Brown, Rgis Cartier, Deanne L. Coppejans, Georgios Dimitriadis, Matthew Dobson, Aprajita Hajela, D. Andrew Howell, Hanindyo Kuncarayakti, Danny Milisavljevic, Mohammed Rahman, Csar Rojas-Bravo, David J. Sand, Joel Shepherd, Stephen J. Smartt, Holland Stacey, Michael Stroh, Jonathan J. Swift, Giacomo Terreran, Jozsef Vinko, Xiaofeng Wang, Joseph P. Anderson, Edward A. Baron, Edo Berger, Peter K. Blanchard, Jamison Burke, David A. Coulter, Lindsay DeMarchi, James M. DerKacy, Christoffer Fremling, Sebastian Gomez, Mariusz Gromadzki, Griffin Hosseinzadeh, Daniel Kasen, Levente Kriskovics, Curtis McCully, Toms E. Mller-Bravo, Matt Nicholl, Andrs Ordasi, Craig Pellegrino, Anthony L. Piro, Andrs Pl, Juanjuan Ren, Armin Rest, R. Michael Rich, Hanna Sai, Krisztin Srneczky, Ken J. Shen, Philip Short, Matthew R. Siebert, Candice Stauffer, Rbert Szakts, Xinhan Zhang, Jujia Zhang and Kaicheng Zhang, 5 August 2020, The Astrophysical Journal.DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab9e66

The team is composed of Wynn V. Jacobson-Galn (Northwestern University and University of California, Santa Cruz), Raffaella Margutti (Northwestern University), Charles D. Kilpatrick (University of California, Santa Cruz), Daichi Hiramatsu (University of California, Santa Barbara and Las Cumbres Observatory), Hagai Perets (Technion Israel Institute of Technology), David Khatami (University of California, Berkeley), Ryan J. Foley (University of California, Santa Cruz), John Raymond (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian), Sung-Chul Yoon (Seoul National University), Alexey Bobrick (Lund University), Yossef Zenati (Technion Israel Institute of Technology), Llus Galbany (Universidad de Granada), Jennifer Andrews (Steward Observatory), Peter J. Brown (Texas A&M University), Rgis Cartier (Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory/NOIRLab), Deanne L. Coppejans (Northwestern University), Georgios Dimitriadis (University of California, Santa Cruz), Matthew Dobson (Queens University Belfast), Aprajita Hajela (Northwestern University), D. Andrew Howell (University of California, Santa Barbara and Las Cumbres Observatory), Hanindyo Kuncarayakti (University of Turku), Danny Milisavljevic (Purdue University), Mohammed Rahman (The Thacher School), Csar Rojas-Bravo (University of California, Santa Cruz), David J. Sand (Steward Observatory), Joel Shepherd (Seattle Astronomical Society), Stephen J. Smartt (Queens University Belfast), Holland Stacey (The Thacher School), Michael Stroh (Northwestern University), Jonathan J. Swift (The Thacher School), Giacomo Terreran (Northwestern University), Jozsef Vinko (CSFK Konkoly Observatory, University of Szeged, and ELTE Etvs Lornd University), Xiaofeng Wang (Tsinghua University and Beijing Planetarium), Joseph P. Anderson (European Southern Observatory), Edward A. Baron (University of Oklahoma), Edo Berger (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian), Peter K. Blanchard (Northwestern University), Jamison Burke (University of California, Santa Barbara and Las Cumbres Observatory), David A. Coulter (University of California, Santa Cruz), Lindsay DeMarchi (Northwestern University), James M. DerKacy (University of Oklahoma), Christoffer Fremling (California Institute of Technology), Sebastian Gomez (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian), Mariusz Gromadzki (University of Warsaw), Griffin Hosseinzadeh (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian), Daniel Kasen (University of California, Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), Levente Kriskovics (CSFK Konkoly Observatory and ELTE Etvs Lornd University), Curtis McCully (University of California, Santa Barbara and Las Cumbres Observatory), Toms E. Mller-Bravo (University of Southampton), Matt Nicholl (University of Birmingham and University of Edinburgh), Andrs Ordasi (CSFK Konkoly Observatory), Craig Pellegrino (University of California, Santa Barbara and Las Cumbres Observatory), Anthony L. Piro (The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science), Andrs Pl (CSFK Konkoly Observatory, ELTE Etvs Lornd University), Juanjuan Ren (National Astronomical Observatory of China), Armin Rest (Space Telescope Science Institute and The Johns Hopkins University), R. Michael Rich (University of California at Los Angeles), Hanna Sai (Tsinghua University), Krisztin Srneczky (CSFK Konkoly Observatory), Ken J. Shen (University of California, Berkeley), Philip Short (University of Edinburgh), Matthew Siebert (University of California, Santa Cruz), Candice Stauffer (Northwestern University), Rbert Szakts (CSFK Konkoly Observatory), Xinhan Zhang (Tsinghua University), Jujia Zhang (Yunnan Astronomical Observatory of China), and Kaicheng Zhang (Tsinghua University).

NSFs National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory (NOIRLab), the US center for ground-based optical-infrared astronomy, operates the international Gemini Observatory (a facility of NSF, NRC-Canada, ANID-Chile, MCTIC-Brazil, MINCyT-Argentina, and KASI-Republic of Korea), Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO), Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO), the Community Science and Data Center (CSDC), and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. It is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with NSF and is headquartered in Tucson, Arizona. The astronomical community is honored to have the opportunity to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Duag (Kitt Peak) in Arizona, on Maunakea in Hawaii, and on Cerro Tololo and Cerro Pachn in Chile. We recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that these sites have to the Tohono Oodham Nation, to the Native Hawaiian community, and to the local communities in Chile, respectively.

The Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) Telescope, is a joint project of the Ministrio da Cincia, Tecnologia e Inovaes do Brasil (MCTIC/LNA), NSFs NOIRLab, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), and Michigan State University (MSU).

The Las Cumbres Observatory global telescope network is a non-profit science institute with the mission of advancing science and education has five telescopes between 0.4 and 1.0 meters deployed at CTIO.

The Bok 2.3-meter Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory is operated by Steward Observatory at the University of Arizona.

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Astronomers Sink Their Teeth Into Special Supernova Exploding Stars Produce the Calcium in Our Bones and Teeth - SciTechDaily

Mysterious ‘fast radio burst’ detected closer to Earth than ever before – Live Science

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Thirty thousand years ago, a dead star on the other side of the Milky Way belched out a powerful mixture of radio and X-ray energy. On April 28, 2020, that belch swept over Earth, triggering alarms at observatories around the world.

The signal was there and gone in half a second, but that's all scientists needed to confirm they had detected something remarkable: the first ever "fast radio burst" (FRB) to emanate from a known star within the Milky Way, according to a study published July 27 in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Since their discovery in 2007, FRBs have puzzled scientists. The bursts of powerful radio waves last only a few milliseconds at most, but generate more energy in that time than Earth's sun does in a century. Scientists have yet to pin down what causes these blasts, but they've proposed everything from colliding black holes to the pulse of alien starships as possible explanations. So far, every known FRB has originated from another galaxy, hundreds of millions of light-years away.

Related: 11 fascinating facts about our Milky Way galaxy

This FRB is different. Telescope observations suggest that the burst came from a known neutron star the fast-spinning, compact core of a dead star, which packs a sun's-worth of mass into a city-sized ball about 30,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Vulpecula. The stellar remnant fits into an even stranger class of star called a magnetar, named for its incredibly powerful magnetic field, which is capable of spitting out intense amounts of energy long after the star itself has died. It now seems that magnetars are almost certainly the source of at least some of the universe's many mysterious FRBs, the study authors wrote.

"We've never seen a burst of radio waves, resembling a fast radio burst, from a magnetar before," lead study author Sandro Mereghetti, of the National Institute for Astrophysics in Milan, Italy, said in a statement. "This is the first ever observational connection between magnetars and fast radio bursts."

The magnetar, named SGR 1935+2154, was discovered in 2014 when scientists saw it emitting powerful bursts of gamma rays and X-rays at random intervals. After quieting down for a while, the dead star woke up with a powerful X-ray blast in late April. Sandro and his colleagues detected this burst with the European Space Agency's (ESA) Integral satellite, designed to capture the most energetic phenomena in the universe. At the same time, a radio telescope in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, detected a blast of radio waves coming from the same source. Radio telescopes in California and Utah confirmed the FRB the next day.

A simultaneous blast of radio waves and X-rays has never been detected from a magnetar before, the researchers wrote, strongly pointing to these stellar remnants as plausible sources of FRBs.

Crucially, ESA scientist Erik Kuulkers added, this finding was only possible because multiple telescopes on Earth and in orbit were able to catch the burst simultaneously, and in many wavelengths across the electromagnetic spectrum. Further collaboration between institutions is necessary to further "bring the origin of these mysterious phenomena into focus," Kuulkers said.

Originally published on Live Science.

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Mysterious 'fast radio burst' detected closer to Earth than ever before - Live Science

Half of All the Calcium in the Universe: Unprecedented Observations Shine Light on a Dying Stars Final Moments – SciTechDaily

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Calcium-rich supernova examined with X-rays for first time.

Half of all the calcium in the universe including the very calcium in our teeth and bones was created in the last gasp of dying stars.

Called calcium-rich supernovae, these stellar explosions are so rare that astrophysicists have struggled to find and subsequently study them. The nature of these supernovae and their mechanism for creating calcium, therefore, have remained elusive.

Now a Northwestern University-led team has potentially uncovered the true nature of these rare, mysterious events. For the first time ever, the researchers examined a calcium-rich supernova with X-ray imaging, which provided an unprecedented glimpse into the star during the last month of its life and ultimate explosion.

The new findings revealed that a calcium-rich supernova is a compact star that sheds an outer layer of gas during the final stages of its life. When the star explodes, its matter collides with the loose material in that outer shell, emitting bright X-rays. The overall explosion causes intensely hot temperatures and high pressure, driving a chemical reaction that produces calcium.

These events are so few in number that we have never known what produced calcium-rich supernova, said Wynn Jacobson-Galan, a first-year Northwestern graduate student who led the study. By observing what this star did in its final month before it reached its critical, tumultuous end, we peered into a place previously unexplored, opening new avenues of study within transient science.

Before this event, we had indirect information about what calcium-rich supernovae might or might not be, said Northwesterns Raffaella Margutti, a senior author of the study. Now, we can confidently rule out several possibilities.

The research will be published today (August 5, 2020) in The Astrophysical Journal. Nearly 70 co-authors from more than 15 countries contributed to the paper.

Margutti is an assistant professor of physics and astronomy in Northwesterns Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences and a member of CIERA (Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics). Jacobson-Galan is an NSF Graduate Research Fellow in Marguttis transients research group.

Amateur astronomer Joel Shepherd first spotted the bright burst, dubbed SN2019ehk, while stargazing in Seattle. On April 28, 2019, Shepherd used his new telescope to view Messier 100 (M100), a spiral galaxy located 55 million light years from Earth. The next day, a bright orange dot appeared in the frame. Shepherd reported the anomaly to a community astronomical survey.

As soon as the world knew that there was a potential supernova in M100, a global collaboration was ignited, Jacobson-Galan said. Every single country with a prominent telescope turned to look at this object.

This included leading observatories in the United States such as NASAs Swift Satellite, W.M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii and the Lick Observatory in California. The Northwestern team, which has remote access to Keck, was one of the many teams worldwide who triggered its telescopes to examine SN2019ehk in optical wavelengths. University of California Santa Barbara graduate student Daichi Hiramatsu was the first to trigger Swift to study SN2019ehk in the X-ray and ultraviolet. Hiramatsu also is a staff scientist at Las Cumbres Observatory, which played a crucial role in monitoring the long-term evolution of this supernova with its global telescope network.

The worldwide follow-up operation moved so quickly that the supernova was observed just 10 hours after explosion. The X-ray emission detected with Swift only lingered for five days and then completely disappeared.

In the world of transients, we have to discover things very, very fast before they fade, Margutti said. Initially, no one was looking for X-rays. Daichi noticed something and alerted us to the strange appearance of what looked like X-rays. We looked at the images and realized something was there. It was much more luminous than anybody would have ever thought. There were no preexisting theories that predicted calcium-rich transients would be so luminous in X-ray wavelengths.

While all calcium comes from stars, calcium-rich supernovae pack the most powerful punch. Typical stars create small amounts of calcium slowly through burning helium throughout their lives. Calcium-rich supernovae, on the other hand, produce massive amounts of calcium within seconds.

The explosion is trying to cool down, Margutti explained. It wants to give away its energy, and calcium emission is an efficient way to do that.

Using Keck, the Northwestern team discovered that SN 2019ehk emitted the most calcium ever observed in a singular astrophysical event.

It wasnt just calcium rich, Margutti said. It was the richest of the rich.

SN2019ehks brief luminosity told another a story about its nature. The Northwestern researchers believe that the star shed an outer layer of gas in its final days. When the star exploded, its material collided with this outer layer to produce a bright, energetic burst of X-rays.

The luminosity tells us how much material the star shed and how close that material was to the star, Jacobson-Galan said. In this case, the star lost a very small amount of material right before it exploded. That material was still nearby.

Although the Hubble Space Telescope had been observing M100 for the past 25 years, the powerful device never registered the star which was experiencing its final evolution responsible for SN2019ehk. The researchers used the Hubble images to examine the supernova site before the explosion occurred and say this is yet another clue to the stars true nature.

It was likely a white dwarf or very low-mass massive star, Jacobson-Galan said. Both of those would be very faint.

Without this explosion, you wouldnt know that anything was ever there, Margutti added. Not even Hubble could see it.

###

The study, SN2019ehk: A double-peaked Ca-rich transient with luminous X-ray emission and shock-ionized spectral features, was supported by the National Science Foundation (award numbers DGE-1842165, PHY-1748958 and AST-1909796.)

Half of All the Calcium in the Universe: Unprecedented Observations Shine Light on a Dying Stars Final Moments - SciTechDaily

Rapid Changes Detected in a Black Hole May Explain Origin of the Most Energetic Radiation in the Universe – SciTechDaily

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Scientists from the University of Valencia detect rapid changes in a black hole that may help understand the origin of gamma-ray bursts.

A team from the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Valencia has managed to observe the black hole of the active galaxy PKS1830-211 right during the most violent gamma-ray energy event ever registered in that source. Scientists have discovered very rapid changes in the structure of its magnetic field that confirm the predictions of the main models of gamma-ray production in black holes. The phenomenon, observed through the ALMA telescope, contributes new data to the study on the origin of the most energetic radiation in the Universe.

Some of the most massive and distant black holes in the Universe emit an enormous amount of extraordinarily energetic radiation, called gamma rays. This type of radiation occurs, for example, when mass is converted into energy during fission reactions that run nuclear reactors on Earth. But in the case of black holes, gamma radiation is even more energetic than that obtained in nuclear reactors and is produced by very different processes; there, the gamma rays are created by collisions between light rays and highly energetic particles, born in the vicinity of black holes by means of mechanisms still poorly understood.

As a result of these collisions between light and matter, the energetic particles give almost all their momentum to the light rays and turn them into the gamma radiation that ends up reaching Earth.

The astronomical scientific community suspects that these collisions occur in regions permeated by powerful magnetic fields subjected to highly variable processes, such as turbulence and magnetic reconnections magnetic fields that fuse together releasing an astonishing amount of energy that could be occurring in the jets of matter expelled by black holes. But probing these magnetic fields so far from Earth some of these black holes are billions of light-years away requires a very sensitive instrumentation and to find the exact moment when the emission of high energy takes place.

This is precisely what the research team led by Ivn Mart-Vidal, CIDEGENT researcher of the Valencian Government at the Astronomical Observatory and the Department of Astronomy of the University of Valencia, and main author of this work, has achieved. This team has used ALMA (Atacama Large Millimetre Array), the most sensitive telescope in the World at millimeter wavelengths, to obtain precise information about the magnetic fields of a distant black hole, in a moment when energetic particles were producing an enormous amount of gamma radiation.

In a recently published article in the journalAstronomy & Astrophysics, the scientists report observations of the black hole called PKS1830-211, located more than ten billion light-years from Earth. These observations demonstrate that the magnetic fields in the region where the most energetic particles of the black-holes jet are produced were changing their structure notably in a time interval of only a few minutes. This implies that magnetic processes are originating in very small and turbulent regions, just as the main models of gamma-ray production in black holes predict, which relate turbulence to gamma radiation, explains Ivn Mart-Vidal. On the other hand, the changes that we have detected took place during a very powerful gamma-ray episode, which allows us to robustly relate them to the high-energy emission. All this brings us a little closer to understanding the origin of the most energetic radiation in the Universe, he adds.

Animation showing the change in the polarization of one of the images of the black hole (upper part) compared to the other image of the same object (lower part), which is delayed about 27 days with respect to the first one. The time-delayed image corresponds to the black hole before the high-energy burst occurred. Credit: University of Valencia

To analyze this data, the team of Mart-Vidal has used an advanced analysis technique that allows them to obtain information of rapidly changing sources from interferometric observations, such as those obtained with ALMA. Interferometry gives us the power to observe the Universe with an unparalleled level of detail; in fact, it is the technique on which the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is also based, which recently obtained the first image of a black hole, says Mart-Vidal. A part of our CIDEGENT project is, in fact, dedicated to developing algorithms like the one we have used in these ALMA observations, but applicable to much more complex data such as those from the EHT, which would allow us to reconstruct, in a near future, movies of black holes, instead of mere images, says the astronomer of the University of Valencia.

Alejandro Mus, CIDEGENT predoctoral researcher at the UV Department of Astronomy and a co-author of the article, develops his doctoral thesis in this field. Within the EHT project, there are many experts from various institutions working against the clock to solve the issue of rapid source variability, says Mus. At the moment, the algorithm we have developed works with the ALMA data and has already allowed us to obtain key information about how the magnetic fields associated to PKS1830-211 change at scales of a few tens of minutes. We hope to be able to contribute soon to the EHT with the more sophisticated algorithms in which we are working, he concludes.

In the study, researchers from the Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology, Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden), the Institute for Astrophysical Research, Boston University (USA) and the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia, CSIC (Granada) have collaborated with the University of Valencia.

Reference: ALMA full polarization observations of PKS 1830211 during its record-breaking flare of 2019 by I. Marti-Vidal, S. Muller, A. Mus, A. Marscher, I. Agudo and J. L. Gomez, 30 June 2020, Astronomy & Astrophysics.DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202038094

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Rapid Changes Detected in a Black Hole May Explain Origin of the Most Energetic Radiation in the Universe - SciTechDaily

Washington Must End The Russian Roulette In Moldova – OpEd – Eurasia Review

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

ByChristina L. Petru

One year ago, the Republic of Moldova was plunged into constitutional crisis. Foreign diplomats, from EU Enlargement Commissioner Johannes Hahn to US Ambassador Derek Hogan, hailed a new democratic era for the country. Their remit was to prevent Chisinau from suffering the same fate as Kyiv. Despite their noble claims, the result has been disastrous. Pro-European economist Maia Sandu served as prime minister for just four months, before she was purged from office by the international communitys other coalition partner, President Igor N. Dodon. Meanwhile opposition leader and US ally Vladimir Plahotniuc is seeking asylum in the United States. In recent days, Interpol has refused to issue the red notice sought by the Russian Federation against the businessman, on grounds that his arrest is politically motivated. This corresponds with a report from the government of Estonia which details a long-term campaign to destroy Plahotniucs name via election interference, cyber attacks and online propaganda. Given his long-time relationship with politicians on both sides of the aisle, including senior members of the current administration, the United States failure to support a key anti-Kremlin ally is undermining American influence in Russias backyard. Unless the State Department allies with Putins enemiesthere are fewer more prominent than Plahotniucwe will cede Moldova to Moscow. War, as in Kyiv, is perfectly possible in Chisinau. We must act now.

On Moldova, some Western diplomats were dishonest. Others were misled. The majority were disinterested and misguided. While elevating Sandu to the office of Prime Minister was a rational reform, Plahotniucs experience in officewhich was certainly imperfectstill underwrote stability in a quasi-democracy facing crisis. Instead, personal disputes with junior U.S diplomats in Chisinau appear to have colored Ambassador Derek Hogans view on which coalition party to pick as a partner. These were in Hogans interests, but not the United States, as time has now proven. Hogan pushed for Igor N. Dodon to remain president despite the fact that Moldovas president considers Vladimir Putin a personal friend, and the fact that his brother counts the Russian Prosecutor General Yuri Chaikas son as a business partner. Now, Dodons dictatorship is no less deadly than that which Viktor V. Yanukovych created in Ukraine. Authoritarianism on theEuropean Unions eastern border has flourished in the smokescreen created by the COVID-19 pandemic. After months of testimony on the Mueller probe and President Trumps exoneration, it is apparent that Russias malign influence on democracy is real. The consensus is bipartisan. It is also bilateral. Great Britain has learned that Russia was able to influence referendum outcomes. As the U.S presidential election nears, we should view this threat with real concern, and continue to build relationships with our friends in the region. Moldova provides a case in point for what can go wrong when we underestimate our enemys power. Through poor communication, we have ending up backing the Kremlin and its proxies. We have also enriched Putins inner circle, and its most powerful oligarchs.

During three decades of attempted reform, the United States and theEuropean Unionhave fought tooth and nail to install some semblance of plurality in Moldovaa nation facing a geopolitical threat from Russia, and one that is also in the throes of a post-Communist identity crisis. Unlike some of its neighbors, Moldovas deep suspicion of Russia, and reservations about the European path have become logical constructsbased on the Nazi Anti-Aggression Pact, which split the state from Romaniabefore handing the state to Stalin. Churchill did not intercede. Neither didNATO. When Russian separatists tried to split the nation in two, during a vicious civil war that raged in the early 1990s, a swathe of Moldova attempted to secede. Guarded by peacekeepers from the Russian Federation, Transnistria is still trapped in a frozen conflict with Moldova now. Moldovans concurrently accept the cruelty ofgeopoliticswhen it comes to state building. While the Baltic states moved to plurality, post-Communist Moldova suffered two-fold insanity of transition to a market economy, under the oxymoronic madness of rule by a post-Communist Communist Party. Maia Sandu was not a product of that government. Neither was Vladimir Plahotniuc. Tellingly, the former Communist whom we picked to steer Moldova in 2019 is now the Wests handpicked president. We can all agree that Dodons past is ugly. A large number of Moldovans, and their media outlets, accuse Dodon of actions in the present that are even more unsavory. To others, Dodons use of fabricated scandals to fell his critics are criminal acts.

Since Plahotniucs arrival in the United States, independent media outlets have leaked video footage which shows Moldovas pro-Kremlin President extorting Plahotniuc for several million dollarsin footage where Dodon apparently explicitly confirms financial support of the Kremlin for the Socialist Party of Moldova. By this time, Plahotniuc had already survived two assassination attempts in opposition politics, and faced anothereven without the payment that Dodon allegedly requested. Maia Sandu suffered no less humiliating attacks. Media outlets controlled by President Dodons brother undermined the young female reformer by misreporting a deal she had allegedly signed with Chancellor Merkel that would grant Syrian refugees residence in Moldova. Dodonwho is a strident homophobealso used his family affiliated media empire to stoke hatred against the gay community, by using a photograph of Sandu crossing the road with another woman to prevaricate about her sexuality. These attacks are thought to have granted Dodon the percentage points needed to defeat Sandu in the presidential election. This is not what Euro-Atlanticist foreign policy should endorse. The Moldovan electorate feels likewise.

Half the country has left to seek work abroadwith as many as two million migrants now working off the book in theEuropean Union. As migrant workers who clean apartments, labor on construction sites, and tend to livestock, they supported the principal of Europe by supporting Moldova. In the political chaos preceding 2009, Moldovans wired billions in remittance income home. This made the country the worlds second highest dependent on foreign labor in the world. A European Moldova, aligned with the European Union, should mean a Moldova built on worka quality which Americans understand so readily. We risk undermining our hard work, and theirs, unless we act quickly and decisively. Mistakes were made in 2019. If we dont intervene, there will soon be no time to right our errors. Anyone versed on Moldovas plight would recognize that the constitutional crisis of 2019 gave Western diplomats a simple choice, which demanded compromisenot iconoclasm. Sadly, John Bolton had only just been dismissed, creating obvious communication gaps with Mike Pompeos team. This is certainly not the United States problem, especially as both House and Senate were preoccupied with the Mueller probe. Less sympathy is owed to Ambassador Hogan, or his European colleagueswho saw intervention in Moldova for short term benefit as an opportune time to secure a good press release. This publicity victory for an embattled European Union has imperiled Moldova. The individuals responsiblebesides Hoganare no longer in office.

Sticking with Vladimir Plahotniucs powerful, and at least partially effectual Democratic Party, meant recognizing that things hadnt gone to plan. This editorial must not be read to mean this. Rather, this editorial posits the importance of realpolitik in a difficult region, and the recognition that a period of progress with Plahotniuc warranted compromise during the negotiations of 2019. Even Plahotniucs critics concede with the benefit of hindsight that compromising with the former PDM leader was preferable to clearing the path to a Dodon presidency.

Due to personal disputes, the vested opinions of several diplomats, a breakdown of communication with the State Department, and rifts in the European Union, Moldovans believeas they have right tothat the West has abrogated all responsibility for the foreign policy atrocity that now constrains their lives. Plahotniuc has always shown a clear preference for the GOP, with his relationship with the Republican Party likely pinned on its economic message and shared belief in the threat posed by the Russian Federation. Maia Sandu is a gifted politician, and proven reform advocate, who also deserves our supportthough she has often experienced difficulties in standing strong against Russias geopolitical games, and standing firm against Putins aims. The GOP now seems the only force capable of wrenching the state from Vladimir V. Putins appointee, and preventing Moldovas literal absorption by Russia. Unless we act soon, the billion-dollar legacy of foreign aid and bilateral relationships built between Chisinau and Washington will be that we, the West, ceded Moldova to Moscow by reckless negotiationbefore handing the keys to Vladimir Putins puppet. And turning off the lights.

The views expressed in this article are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of Geopoliticalmonitor.com or any institutions with which the authors are associated.

Real Money Live Online Casinos with Hippodrome Roulette – Tunf News – Tunf.com News

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

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TCSJOHNHUXLEYs Qorex Electronic Gaming Solutions receives approval in Ontario – Yogonet International

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

CSJOHNHUXLEY announce the Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario (AGCO) has recently approved Qorex Electronic Gaming Solutions in Ontario, Canada.

According to the company, TCSJOHNHUXLEYs Qorex Electronic Gaming Solutions provide all the thrills of live gaming while delivering the benefits of electronic gaming such as multi-game selection and improved security, maximising performance and profitability on the gaming floor.approved Qorex Electronic Gaming Solutions in Ontario, Canada.

Featuring a widescreen 23 HD display, Qorex terminals modular design allows it to be networked and configured anywhere on the gaming floor, where players can simultaneously wager on live and automated games such as Baccarat and Roulette.

These games can be linked with live camera feeds of dealer assisted games from around the gaming floor, as well as automated RNG options such as the Saturn Auto wheel. Qorex also seamlessly integrates with all existing TCSJOHNHUXLEY Saturn Roulette wheels, as well as Blaze Gaming Tables and the range of Winning Number Displays. For further flexibility, Qorex is SAS compliant for a wide range of player tracking and loyalty systems. Designed to complement the attractive Qorex terminal, the Qorex HiLite System offers a range of products featuring striking LED game signage and podiums. Modular in design, the Qorex HiLite system illustrates just how flexible and eye-catching Qorex layout configurations can be achieved such as innovative carousel arrangements and large scale stadium set ups, enhancing the user experience whilst providing a stunning centrepiece and attraction on the gaming floor.

Steph Nel, TCSJOHNHUXLEY Managing Director for the Americas comments, TheTCSJOHNHUXLEY team has completed several key projects in Ontario over the past few years as the regions casinos have embarked on a modernisation process. This has included building and supplying over 250 gaming tables, 40 Saturn Roulette Wheels and over 100 winning number displays. As a result of these installations, most casinos are already future proofed for Qorex Gaming Terminals.

TCSJOHNHUXLEY has been working closely with the operators in Ontario for AGCO approval. Now this has been achieved were really excited to see the platform go live around the region when our customers are ready to open.

TCSJOHNHUXLEYs Qorex Electronic Gaming Solutions receives approval in Ontario - Yogonet International

Alta Mar High Seas Season 4? Is There Any Possibility? – The Buzz Paper

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

ALTA MAR High Seas Season 4. Alta Mar, which is also known as High Seas, is a Spanish Language mystery series on Netflix. Every single viewer of the series is talking about it after season 3 of Alta Mar was dropped on Netflix today.All the Fans of the series only have one question that is- Will there be another series of High Seas?The show is on the story of two sisters named Eva (played by Ivana Baquero) and Carolina Villanueva (Alejandra Onieva). They find themselves solving murders aboard a luxury cruise ship.Will There Be Another Season Of High Seas?

At this moment in time, Netflix has not given any signals whether there will gonna be the fourth season of High Seas.

According to the news report sources, season four is said to be in development but this still has to be getting confirmed.

The third series of High Seas only got dropped on Netflix on the 6th of August, so it is still considered to be earlier for any new news regarding the announcement of the shows future.

The announcements relating to any series on Netflix are usually announced between one to six months after the premiere. So the fans have to wait for announcement news of season 4 of High Seas until the end of next year.

If High Seas is planning to give the green light to season four, then the fans and the viewers can expect the new series in the years 2021.

The previous series of the show have aired at a different time period in every year. As we can see the first season arrived in May 2019, season two in November 2019 and as follows, the third series arrived in summer in the year 2020 on Netflix worldwide.

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Alta Mar High Seas Season 4? Is There Any Possibility? - The Buzz Paper

GAME ON: Drift gently along the high seas with your ‘Raft,’ your pals and sharks – Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

Here to trigger everyone's thalassophobia, or fear of the sea, is the open-water survival and crafting game "Raft."

"Raft" is fairly simple. You start out on a two-by-two section of raft with nothing but the wood beneath your feet and a makeshift grappling hook. Around you is the wide-open ocean and a neverending stream of flotsam and jetsam that drifts your way (or are you drifting into it? The mind wonders).

Players throw the hook and snag nearby debris, collecting wood, plastic, vines and more to stay alive and expand the raft.

Players must manage their hunger and thirst as they collect resources to maintain and upgrade the raft.

But beware about simply jumping off the raft and swimming over to resources to collect them a hungry shark stalks the raft, and attacks the boat frequently, destroying sections unless driven off.

Alone on the ocean, in a raft, with a great white shark circling? Cue the "Jaws" music.

It sounds terrifying, but "Raft" is also quite calming and wholesome. Each day brings a set of tasks required to survive until the next dawn.

Seawater must be purified. Food, such as herring caught with a fishing pole, or potatoes found in drifting barrels, must be grilled. Every few minutes, the shark attacks a section of the raft and must be fought off.

The game does get deeper and more complex, however. As you drift along, you'll notice the occasional island pop into view on the horizon. Collect enough resources, and a sail and anchor can be built, allowing for a temporary stopover to harvest rare resources, such as seeds and fruits.

The true reward of islands, though, lies beneath the water, where seaweed and deposits of ores can be found -- provided you've found a way to distract the maneater that's still hunting you.

There's an actual storyline, too, although it doesn't begin until the player has acquired enough technology and resources to craft a radio receiver and three antennas.

"Raft" is currently in Early Access on Steam, although it has been there for a while. The first chapter of the story, in which players will start to uncover why the world is covered in water, was released late last year, and the second chapter is due to come out this fall. Once the storyline is unlocked, the player will encounter special named islands that offer unique resources and blueprints.

Players can advance fairly significantly, technology-wise. Early on, jabbing the shark with a sharp stick is the best you can do as your tiny home floats along a current. Eventually, players can acquire a steering wheel, biofuels and engines. Automatic collection nets will snag floating debris as it goes past, and players can smelt ore, grow crops and trees and even raise livestock on the raft.

Not to be forgotten is that "Raft" is also a multiplayer-capable game. Join friends on Steam or invite new pals found through the game's official Discord server, and players can drift the high seas in good company.

The more players that join a game, the more the materials that will spawn to be collected. But multiple sharks can also spawn, which can make some parts of the game more challenging. Also, more players mean more mouths to feed.

Interestingly, there's no limit to how many friends can join your game, nor how big the raft can become. It's limited only by the computing power of your PC, although I wouldn't recommend more than two to four players.

There are quite a few crafting options for raft expansion, too it doesn't have to be flat. You can have ladders and stairs, so feel free to turn your raft into a houseboat with many stories.

"Raft" comes with four difficulty modes Peaceful, Easy, Hard and Creative. In the first three, the difficulty slowly increases, with hunger and thirst draining more quickly and sharks re-spawning faster (yes, you can kill the shark and harvest its meat, but after a few minutes, another will appear).

In Creative mode, players have unlimited supplies and health, so they don't have to gather any materials, research blueprints or worry about survival, and can instead just have fun building the raft of their dreams.

Hard mode has an additional difficulty modifier that makes it really suitable only for confident solo players, or in multiplayer mode players who die cannot re-spawn on their own. Another player will need to grab the body and drag it to a bed to be brought back into the game. Up to five sharks can spawn at a time.

"Raft" is developed by a small Swedish studio of just eight people and originally was a student project. It has been a lot of fun to play.

Raft

Platform: Windows

Cost: $19.99

Rating: Everyone 8+

Score: 8 out of 10

"Raft" is a video game in which you drift the high seas while defending yourself from a shark and collecting flotsam to fancy up your raft. (Photo courtesy Redbeet Interactive)

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GAME ON: Drift gently along the high seas with your 'Raft,' your pals and sharks - Arkansas Democrat-Gazette

Alta Mar High Seas Season 3: Release Date, Cast, Plot, Trailer And All New Latest Information Here – World Top Trend

Posted on August 10, 2020 by Danzig

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Alta Marhigh Definition Season 4.Alta Mar, Which Is Also Known As High Seas, Is A Spanish Language Puzzle Series On Netflix. Every Viewer Of This Series Is Talking About It Today After Season 3 Of Alta Mar Has Been Dropped On Netflix.

All The Fans Of The Show Just Have One Question That Is- Can There Be Another Series Of High Seas?

The Series Is Based On The Story Of Two Sisters Named Eva (Played By Ivana Baquero) And Carolina Villanueva (Alejandra Onieva). They Find Themselves Solving Murders Aboard A Luxury Cruise Ship.

High Seas Season 3 Was Located On Netflix On 7th August 2020. Its Currently Very Early To Say As To If The Manufacturers Will Announce The Renewal Or This Shows Cancellation. Fans Are Eager To Know As To When The Release Date Of The Show Will Be Declared. But If There Is Acceptance, High Seas Season 4 Is Scheduled To Launch In September 2021.

The Ensemble Cast Of High Seas Season 4 Includes:

When We Last Left High Season Eva, And Carolina Had Jumped Aboard Brbara De Braganza, To Set Sail From Argentina. In Tracking Down A Man Who Is Carrying A Chemical Weapon Around The 26, A Spy Fabio Approaches Eva To Assist Him. In Season 4, Expect The Sisters To Set Yet Another Fascinating Adventure With A Sail. But The Visit To Mexico From Argentina Came To Some Decision With Everyone On A Rescue Vessel. Eva Will Initially Draw Herself To Deal With The Loss Of Nicols Vzquez, But It Wont Prevent Eva From Depriving Herself Of The Thirst She Has.

Considering That There Is No Release Date As Yet For Seas Season 4, No Trailer Has Been Released Either. Until There Is Any Announcement, Watch The Trailer Of High Definition Season 3 :

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Alta Mar High Seas Season 3: Release Date, Cast, Plot, Trailer And All New Latest Information Here - World Top Trend

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