What Is Conscious Evolution? | HuffPost

For most of us, spiritual evolution does not occur simply as a result of one flash of insight or revelation. On the contrary, it usually requires inspired intention and consistent, diligent effort. And the way this is achieved is through the greatest gift that evolution has given us: the power of choice.

The power of conscious choice, or free agency, is unique to human beings as far as we know. You and I are highly evolved individuated selves who have been blessed with the extraordinary capacity for self-reflective awareness and the freedom to choose. In fact, these are the very faculties that make it possible for us to consciously evolve. Think about it: You, whoever you are, at least to some degree have the power to choose. How much do you really appreciate the significance of this extraordinary birthright? It is surprising how few people consider the deeper implications of possessing the freedom to choose. Just imagine -- without free agency, who would you be? Little more than a robot, unconsciously responding and reacting to conditioned egoic fears and desires, cultural triggers, biological impulses, and external stimuli, with no control over your own destiny. But while it is true that we are all profoundly influenced by many of these forces, both inner and outer, at the same time, it is equally true that we always have at least some measure of freedom to choose how we respond.

If you aspire to become an evolutionarily enlightened human being, your ability to do so depends upon accepting the simple fact that independent of external circumstances, you always have a measure of freedom to choose. That sounds like a simple statement, but it's amazing how many intelligent people will deny it. When you look honestly for yourself, however, you will see that it is true: you are always choosing. Sometimes your choices are conscious; sometimes they are unconscious. Sometimes they are inspired by the best parts of yourself; other times they are motivated by lower impulses and instincts. But the bottom line is that every time you act or react, at some level a choice is being made. And you, whoever you are, are the one who is making that choice. After all, who else could it be?

Conscious evolution is a simple concept to grasp, but not quite as simple to put into in practice. Our freedom to choose is not unlimited. We each have some measure of freedom. Not complete freedom, but a measure, and that measure is greater for some people than it is for others. But as long as there is some it's enough to begin. If there is a measure of freedom then there is freedom to choose.

What that means is that in relationship to the important choices you make, you are never completely unconscious. There is always some degree of awareness, however small, which gives you the freedom to choose. And the path of conscious evolution is about increasing that degree of awareness, increasing that measure of freedom, until you are living as the enlightened self that you consciously choose to be, rather than the unenlightened self you have unconsciously and habitually identified with your entire life.

I believe that it is possible to take responsibility for the entirety of who you are in such a profound way that you can consciously choose who you want to be. But that doesn't mean it will be easy. The human self is by nature a complex multidimensional process, and within that process are many factors that limit our freedom and obscure our awareness. There are powerful biological instincts that still drive us on a deep level to act in ways that challenge our higher rational inclinations. There are all the karmic consequences of our personal history, the emotional and psychological tendencies that have formed in response to our particular life experience. There are layers of cultural conditioning, values and assumptions about how things should be that color our perspectives without us even knowing it. And many people believe that within our psyches we also carry the unresolved stories of previous lifetimes. All these factors play a part in the complex web of motives and impulses that makes up your sense of self. All of this is you. And yet it is possible to take responsibility for all of these dimensions of who you are, through the transformative recognition that you are always the one who is choosing.

If you aspire to evolve, if you intend to become a conscious vehicle for the evolutionary impulse, you have to use the God-given powers of awareness and conscious choice to navigate between your new and higher spiritual aspirations, and all of the conditioned impulses and habits that are embedded in your self-system. You need to become so conscious that you can make choices that move you, consistently, in an evolutionary direction. And it is only through the wholehearted embrace of your power of choice that it becomes possible for you to do this. This is what I often call "enlightening the choosing faculty" -- bringing the light of consciousness, conscience and higher purpose to bear on the unique and extraordinary capacity within that can define your destiny.

Eventually, if you go far enough in your spiritual development, the self-generated momentum of your own evolutionary choices will become the driving force of your life, rather than the unconscious habits of the past. And that's when something very profound occurs. Your capacity to choose will become more and more aligned with the creative freedom of the evolutionary impulse, the energy and intelligence behind the initial choice to become. When free agency, the greatest gift of the evolved human, is liberated from unconscious and habitual patterns and becomes identified with a higher or cosmic will, the individual becomes a conscious agent of evolution.

When your power of choice aligns itself with the evolutionary impulse in this way, your own deepest, heart-felt, spiritual aspiration becomes one with the original cosmic intention to create the universe. That's what Evolutionary Enlightenment is pointing to. To the degree to which you make conscious and transcend those outdated biological, psychological, and cultural habits within yourself that are inhibiting your higher development, you become an ever-more-powerful agent for conscious evolution.

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What Is Conscious Evolution? | HuffPost

Conscious evolution – Wikipedia

The hypothetical ability of the human species to choose what they will become

Conscious evolution refers to the theoretical ability of human beings to be conscious participants in the evolution of their cultures, or even of the entirety of human society, based on a relatively recent combination of factors, including increasing awareness of cultural and social patterns, reaction against perceived problems with existing patterns, injustices, inequities, and other factors. The realization that cultural and social evolution can be guided through conscious decisions has been in increasing evidence since approximately the mid-19th century, when the rate of change globally began to increase dramatically. The Industrial Revolution, reactions against the effects of the Industrial Revolution, the emergence of new sciences such as psychology, anthropology, and sociology, the revolution in global communication, the interaction of diverse cultures through transportation and colonization, anti-slavery and suffrage movements, and increasing lifespan all would contribute to the growing awareness of social and cultural patterns as being potentially subject to conscious evolution.

The idea of conscious evolution is not a specific theory, but it has loose connections to integral theory, General Evolutionary Theory (also known as Evolutionary Systems Theory), Spiral Dynamics, and noosphere thought.[1] It is also sometimes connected to the theory of the global brain or collective consciousness.[1] Some have suggested conscious cultural-evolution[2] as a more accurate term, to reduce association with standard biological evolution, though this is not widely applied.

Conscious evolution suggests that now that humanity is conscious of its history and of how things evolve (evolutionary consciousness), and given the rapid pace of change in society and culture, humanity can (and should) choose advancement through co-operation, co-creation and sustainable practices over self-destruction through separateness, competition, and ecological devastation.

At the centre of the concept of conscious evolution are the approximate definitions of the terms constituent phenomena ('consciousness' and 'evolution'). However, the term implies more than these phenomena generally encompass, not least as it is often used with strong assumptions of a collective interest/ common good.

Evolution does not exclusively act upon morphological (phenotypic) variation; it can also work on a cognitive level.[3] Daniel Dennett has suggested that evolution is simply a process which uses natural selection as a basic algorithm for progression.[3] This could be applied to changes in behaviours, practices, concepts, theories and ideas (cultural evolution). In these situations the mutating replicators of evolution can be considered memes (theoretical units of cultural information)[4] rather than genes. Over the last 10,000 years humanity has become increasingly capable of influencing its own environment and cognitively adapting to these environmental changes through the use of evolving memes. Memetic (cognitive) innovation (as opposed to morphological variation) has therefore become the primary driver of humanitys evolutionary success.[3]

Humans are conscious, and are consciously manipulating the memes they use. Consciousness itself (in humans brains) can therefore be said to have agency over its own evolution, because memetic usage influences evolutionary success. Evolution is also something humans are conscious of. Consciousness (in human brains) can therefore be simultaneously conscious of evolution (working in this case upon memes) while consciously manipulating its own memetics, in order to influence its own evolution. Evolution (in the sense of its impact upon memetics) is therefore increasingly a subject of knowledge, rather than an unknown pressure operating on the world.[5]

The concept of conscious evolution is sometimes associated with certain luminaries personal evolutionary journeys.[6] The central objective is to achieve a globally sustainable future by developing the idea that humans can guide evolution, now that we are conscious of it (evolutionary consciousness).[6] Owing to the broad definition of the term, numerous writers and thinkers, from a range of fields and backgrounds have contributed ideas to the concept of conscious evolution. These include; Erich Jantsch, Teilhard de Chardin, Jonas Salk, Ervin Laszlo, Mihaly Csikszentmihaly, Bela H. Banathy, Barbara Marx Hubbard, Andrew Cohen, David Bohm, Eric Chaisson, Duane Elgin, Brian Swimme, Ken Wilber, Jorge Taborga and others.

One of the earliest uses of the phrase 'conscious evolution' may be that of Mary Parker Follett in 1918: "Conscious evolution means giving less and less place to herd instinct and more to the group imperative. We are emerging from our gregarious condition and are now to enter on the rational way of living by scanning our relations to one another, instead of bluntly feeling them, and so adjusting them that unimpeded progress on this higher plane is secured." (The New State, p.91)

Human evolution, has thus far been the consequence of billions of random events and chance interactions (as opposed to a planned endeavour).[7] Given that humans have knowledge of this evolutionary process (evolutionary consciousness) it is the task of humanity to take control of these random changes, to avoid the 'disastrous fate' (extinction) that has befallen the majority of species that have ever existed.[7] This idea that evolutionary consciousness should be used as a tool, or even an argument for self-guided evolution, is a major central theme of the concept of conscious evolution. Bela H. Banathy[5] captures this sentiment succinctly in his paper Self guided/conscious evolution: Our consciousness of evolution becomes a springboard for leaping into conscious evolution.[5] The issue then arises of how humanity can be expected to know how it should use its recently acquired evolutionary consciousness to select the best evolutionary path.[5][8] Jonas Salks[8] is optimistic that humanity is capable of merging intuition with reason in order to find the path that leads to conscious evolution: It now remains for human beings to decide the ultimate course of human evolution. By imagining ourselves inside the process of evolution and by imagining the process of evolution working inside our minds, we may discover how to deal with the opportunities that might influence the direction of evolutionary choices.[8]

Co-intelligence; a form of group intelligence that incorporates group wisdom for the benefit of humanity, is a concept Tom Atlee has stressed as an essential foundation for conscious evolution.[9] Atlee suggested that many of the factors of co-intelligence (wisdom, intentionality, choice, awareness) could be used as tools to enhance consciousness and improve shared circumstances. Eric Chaisson similarly identified knowledge and compassion as key guiding forces for the future,[10] stating in 1987 that we must act wisely, quite beyond intelligently, in order to achieve successful ethical evolution.[10] Chaissons main emphasis, however, was on ethics, which he argued was the most important focus for ensuring effective conscious evolution: if our species is to survive to enjoy the future, then we must make synonymous the words future and ethical, thus terming our next evolutionary epoch ethical evolution.[10]

Numerous aspects of both co-intelligence and ethics, in our self-guided, conscious evolution are also present in the writings of Barbara Marx Hubbard, one of the most widely published advocates of conscious evolution. Hubbard has a positive opinion of humanity and the evolutionary process.[11] She has claimed that: Every tendency in us leads us toward greater wholeness, unity, and connectedness... Integration is inherent in the process of evolution.[11] However, Hubbard has been criticised for focusing on the most hopeful evidence that conscious evolution is taking humanity in a positive direction.[12] In an otherwise positive review of her 1998 book Conscious Evolution; Awakening the Power of Our Social Potential, Scott London commented that much of the evidence provided was soft and anecdotal.[12] Despite these criticisms Hubbard, and numerous other advocates of conscious evolution, are continuing to promote the concept, with some suggesting it be included in education and government.[1]

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Conscious evolution - Wikipedia

Conscious Evolution S.O.U.L. Documentary

Conscious is defined as a deliberate and intentional act, being fully active and engaged, aware of ones self, our surroundings, and the impact we are making. Evolution is the infinite process through which the whole mass of interrelated phenomena in the universe are developing through descent, leading to new, more complex biological, social, economic, and institutional forms.

We define conscious evolution as the process by which we apply our ability to influence how, and into what we, as humans, evolve. When we awaken to the fact that we have the power to affect our evolution, we make the conscious choice to radically alter the way we think. We intentionally open ourselves to new ideas and actively consider a multitude of perspectives. We learn to recognize when our subconscious programming, self-serving ego, or fragile emotional state is driving our decisions, and access our hearts intuitive guidance instead. Our belief system, values, priorities, intentions, and behavior must all be examined to determine facets of our life where we can evolve. Recognizing that we seek harmony with the world around us, we embrace an attitude of nurturing toward all life. Engaging in conscious evolution helps us to achieve a deeper understanding of our individual place as a single cell in the super organism of humanity, our role as custodians of the Earth, and our innate connection to all things in the Universe. Conscious evolution is something we grow into that eventually becomes second nature. We apply our intelligence to gather data and make consistently improving decisions spurred on by the momentum we gain.

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Conscious Evolution S.O.U.L. Documentary

Conscious Evolution: Awakening the Power of Our Social …

This book is equal parts optimistic and cringeworthy, and suffers from the standard sugarcoating of the philosophy contained within (as well as the parts about the internet not ageing well).

1. The concept of becoming a cocreator means declaring yourself equal with God. This is fine with me, but I wish we could be a little more direct about what this meant.

2. Hubbard doesn't acknowledge what to do with people who refuse to evolve, including those who continue to overpopulate. She does reference t

1. The concept of becoming a cocreator means declaring yourself equal with God. This is fine with me, but I wish we could be a little more direct about what this meant.

2. Hubbard doesn't acknowledge what to do with people who refuse to evolve, including those who continue to overpopulate. She does reference them "dissolving" like old cells. Guess what this means. Again, I'm ok with it, but let's be honest.

3. I don't want to be horny for my coworkers.

4. Turns out that we chose a different meme and the internet works in the name of chaos, sorry.

5. Hubbard copped out by dying naturally at age 90 instead of when she finished her vocation.

6. I'm not saying to support the Orb Queen, but I'm not saying not to.

4/5, needs more direct references to Lucifer

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Conscious Evolution: Awakening the Power of Our Social ...

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CONSCIOUS

EVOLUTION

12-Part Video Interview Series hosted by Barbara Marx Hubbard with Marc Gafni.

While there are many paths up the Mountain, One Church is devoted to revealing the mountain itself

Explore the Impulse of Evolution from the first flaring forth through the atomic bomb

Meet the Foundation for Conscious Evolution Leadership Team

Introduction from Peter

Update from Director Dr. Marc Gafni(2019)

Welcome Homo Amore UniversalisBarbara and Marc's cocreated vision of what humanity is now becoming

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Home | Foundation for Conscious Evolution

A new wave of space exploration – Palatinate

Freddie Green

The space race is not over, it has only just begun. Decreasing launch costs have led to a rapid expansion of space based activity and the space economy, with Morgan Stanley predicting that space could be a trillion dollar sector within twenty years.

The space race is not over, it has only just begun.

This years Mars launch window has seen new contenders vying to explore the red planet. Human exploration and settlement beyond Earth is an inevitability, and the UK would be foolish to miss out on the opportunity. At the height of its operations, NASAs manned moon program employed over 400,000 people; the growth of the space economy will no doubt see a new wave of high skilled aerospace jobs.

News coverage of current wave of space innovation has been dominated by the space barons: Richard Branson, Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos. The private space programs of these billionaire businessmen seem to have tarnished the image of space flight for many in the public, giving rise to a perception that space travel is a decadence an exorbitantly expensive tool for rich men to massage their egos.

However, as Robert Zubrin explains in The case for space, space exploration has the potential to improve the living standards of everyone, such as by facilitating clean and efficient energy production.

Space exploration has the potential to improve the living standards of everyone.

The final frontier of human exploration perhaps also offers insight into the final frontier of Earthly politics. Space can only be mastered with the co-operation of government and private enterprise. Much as with the exploration of previous centuries, it is government that provides the initial impetus, paving the way for private enterprise.

It was the American government that first put boots on the moon, but the first major lunar settlement will almost certainly be a private enterprise. Years of American government aerospace investment has paved the way for SpaceX and other pioneering firms to dramatically reduce launch costs, opening up the solar system.

The first major lunar settlement will almost certainly be a private enterprise.

It is now time for the government of the UK to do the same; providing the funding and infrastructure for the UK to embark on its own manned space program, therein allowing the public to reap the long term benefits of the space economy.

Space offers a unique opportunity to unite the power of the state and the innovation of business for the good of everyone, fusing notions of left and right for the good of the entire country.

Image: Robert Goodwin via Creative Commons and Flikr

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A new wave of space exploration - Palatinate

Hilary Swank on New Space Exploration Series Away: I Wanted to Be an Astronaut Before I Wanted to Be an Actor – Anglophenia

Hilary Swank (Trust) is set to star in the forthcoming Netflix series Away, premiering on September 4. As a child, Swank dreamt of becoming an astronaut and now its coming true on-screen.

In an interview with USA Today, she said, I wanted to be an astronaut before I wanted to be an actor, which was about the age of nine. It still has the same feeling for me now as it did then, the whole idea of something bigger than us and the unknown. I still would love to go to space someday, but being an actor and playing an astronaut is second best.

Her character is named Emma Green and is scheduled to go on a mission to explore Mars for three years. She struggles with the idea of being away from her family for that long. But, we suppose it comes with the territory.

The first look trailer provides some background on the story and what we can expect:

Greens fellow astronaut makes a good point, reminding her, Do you think you are the only one haunted by the sacrifices weve made?

No one really likes working with a complainer, possibly she is the odd-astronaut-out. But, as the trailer progresses, it seems she gets it together. As well, these are life and death situations theres no time for moping.

The 10-part series is loosely based on Chris Jones 2014 Esquire article of the same name, which you can read here.

In addition to Swank, you can look for Josh Charles (The Good Wife), Talitha Bateman (Annabelle: Creation), Ato Essandoh (Jason Bourne), Mark Ivanir (The Terminal), Ray Panthaki (Marcella) and Vivian Wu (The Best Partner).

Is this something you can get into?

Link:

Hilary Swank on New Space Exploration Series Away: I Wanted to Be an Astronaut Before I Wanted to Be an Actor - Anglophenia

In space exploration, Switzerland punches above its weight – MENAFN.COM

(MENAFN - Swissinfo) All of a sudden, everyone is talking about it: the 2019 Nobel Prize won by Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz has reminded the Swiss that the country's astrophysicists are at the forefront of the hunt for exoplanets, as they are in many areas of space exploration and research.

This content was published on June 5, 2020 - 14:45 June 5, 2020 - 14:45 Marc-Andr Miserez

After some years in the regional print and broadcast media in French Switzerland, in 2000 I joined Radio Swiss International, which then became swissinfo.ch. Since then I have been writing (and producing short videos) on a variety of subjects, from politics to business, and including culture and science.

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(de) Im Weltraum gehrt die kleine Schweiz zu den Grossen

(es) En el espacio, la pequea Suiza juega en la liga de los grandes

(pt) Sua no espao sideral

(zh) ''

(fr) Dans l'espace, la petite Suisse joue dans la cour des grands

(ar)

(ru)

(ja)

(it) Nello spazio, la piccola Svizzera concorre con i grandi

The 1995 discovery made little noise outside scientific circles. But as the years passed, the public began to realise that what was once the realm of science fiction had become a proven reality: the galaxy is teaming not only with stars, but also with planets. The first to have identified one of these planets orbiting a star other than our sun were none other than Switzerland's own Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz.

24 years later, the discovery earned Mayor and Queloz the Nobel Prize for physics.

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MENAFN1008202002100000ID1100610850

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In space exploration, Switzerland punches above its weight - MENAFN.COM

OWC Sending Customer Content to Outer Space on the Envoy Pro – PRNewswire

WOODSTOCK, Ill., Aug. 10, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- OWC; a leading technology and new frontiers innovator, bringing new capabilities to Earth for Mac & PC users since 1988, and one of the world's most respected providers of Memory, External Drives, SSDs, Mac & PC docking solutions and performance upgrade kits, today announced that the Envoy Pro Thunderbolt 3 external SSD will be going into space and returning with a leading space exploration developer's upcoming launch. OWC is holding a contest for creatives to submit their videos, songs and images for consideration, for the chance to have that creative content included on the drive when it is sent into space.

Entrants are challenged to show the team at OWC what they've created. Participants can submit a video, a song, image(s), or any other type of content they have produced using an OWC product. Entries should be uploaded to Facebook, Twitter and/or Instagram calling out @PoweredbyOWC and using #OWCInSpace in order for all content to be properly evaluated by the OWC team. Posts should mention which OWC product was used in the creative process. Winners will be contacted by DM, so be sure to follow @PoweredbyOWC on those platforms.

The contest will begin accepting submissions on August 10th and will do so through August 21st.All submissions will be evaluated by executive and creative team members at OWC. Selected winning entrants will be uploaded onto the OWC Envoy Pro and launched into orbit with the September 2020 launch.

Prizes:One grand-prize winning entry will receive a 16" MacBook Pro, an LG 32" IPS 4K Thunderbolt monitor, and a specially-engraved OWC Envoy Pro. The top ten first-prize winning selected content providers will receive a specially engraved version of the OWC Envoy Pro drive. All winning submissions will receive a certificate of participation and a commemorative patch following the rocket launch and return. All prizes will be distributed following the launch and return of the rocket.

Contest Guidelines:Contestants are asked to upload an original video or song between one to two minutes in length, or an image or multiple images. Show OWC your out-of-this-world work, and show the world why OWC solutions are the key to unlocking true creative potential.

Guidelines for submission: all entries should be English-language content only, or if in another language, please use English subtitles. All voting results will be final, and the winners will be notified by DM, so be sure to follow @PoweredbyOWC on Facebook, Twitter and/or Instagram. Entering the contest is easy, just post content beginning August 10th.

For contest details visit: OWC in Space. Key points are:

"We have known for many years that our customers include some of the most talented and creative people around, and we want to give them the chance to have a part in this adventure with us," said Larry O'Connor, Founder and CEO, Other World Computing. "OWC is proud to provide storage and upgrades that keep our customers' content and creations safe for years, and we can't wait to see the entries, get them on the space-bound Envoy Pro, and back here to Earth!"

Send your family into space In addition to the contest, OWC will also be sending photos into space! Open to everyone 18 and older, the photos can be of anything that is significant to the photographer a family photo, a pet, a travel image, a selfie something important that you'd like to share with the galaxy! The collected images will be uploaded to the Envoy Pro, and contributors will receive a certificate of participation following space travel. Images should be within community standards; OWC will not utilize nor acknowledge any images outside the parameters. Anyone submitting an image will need a verifiable email in order to receive certificate of participation. Images can be uploaded through the OWC website.

Open to legal US residents 18 and over. Limit one entry per person. Entrants must comply with the submission policy. OWC reserves the right to disqualify any submission that does not follow the guidelines and content restrictions listed in the terms and conditions. OWC reserves the right to utilize every entry for promotional purposes. Winners will be notified via DM; be sure to follow @PoweredbyOWC on Facebook, Twitter and/or Instagram. Prizes are nontransferable and no substitution will be made. Entrants agree to receive OWC special offers via email. Void where prohibited. For submission policy information please visit: https://eshop.macsales.com/service/ideasolicitation.cfm.

OWC respects our community's First Amendment right to freedom of speech. However, in accordance with our community standards, we reserve the right to reject all material that is obscene, offensive, insulting, derogatory, defamatory, and intimidating to any and all classes of individuals.

About OWC Other World Computing (OWC), founded in 1988, is dedicated to helping Mac and PC enthusiasts do more and reach higher. We believe in sustainability and OWC solutions are truly built to last, go the distance, and enable users to maximize the technology investment they have already made. OWC's operation provides leadership in business sustainability, with our headquarters among the first in the world awarded LEED Platinum OWC features an award-winning technical support team as well as an unparalleled library of step-by-step DIY and informational videos. From the home desktop to the enterprise rack, to the audio recording studio to the motion picture set and beyond, there should be no compromise, and that is why OWC is here.

Get social: follow OWC on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter.

2020 Other World Computing, Inc. All rights reserved. Apple and Mac are the trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Intel and Thunderbolt are trademarks of Intel Corporation registered in the U.S. and/or other countries. Other marks may be the trademark or registered trademark property of their respective owners.

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OWC Sending Customer Content to Outer Space on the Envoy Pro - PRNewswire

San Antonio ‘in the hunt’ to land U.S. Space Command – San Antonio Express-News

San Antonio is in the hunt to be the new home of U.S. Space Command.

Mayor Ron Nirenberg said Wednesday the city has survived the initial cut as the Air Force seeks a permanent headquarters for the command, now based in Colorado Springs, Colo.

He said San Antonio was a natural fit because of its quality of life, a skilled work force that includes military personnel transitioning to civilian life, a large veterans community, and specialists who work in space-related fields.

We have the largest presence of cyber and intelligence capabilities outside of the national capital region, Nirenberg said. And we have a public-private military and civilian infrastructure thats required, including medical and military support networks, housing, transportation and veteran services, as well as electric, water, gas and telecommunications that are all critically important.

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Space Command was established as the 11th combat command in August 2019. It operates just like the Central Command, a unified command that has overseen wars in Iraq and Afghanistan with forces from the various military branches.

Space Command acts as a warfighting command in space, with its leader reporting directly to the defense secretary.

It is separate from U.S. Space Force, established as a new branch of the military last year, and the first since the Air Force was created in 1947. Space Force will organize, train and equip troops the Pentagon calls space professionals.

It is headquartered at the Pentagon with the other major military branches.

Gen. John William Jay Raymond commands both organizations at the moment.

The Air Force didnt say how many cities were eliminated in the original competition, but Richard Perez, president and CEO of the San Antonio Chamber of Commerce, said 100 originally joined the contest. The quest for the command has gone on largely below the radar, with the mayor saying nothing publicly about it and Bexar County Judge Nelson Wolff not even being aware there was a push for it.

I just dont know the particulars of this deal, of who makes the decision and I dont know what the chambers been doing on it. But anything that enhances our military presence Im very much for, Wolff said.

Governors from 26 states nominated cities to host the command. Nirenberg said he learned of the development last weekend. Houston and Fort Worth also had been nominated by Gov. Greg Abbott earlier this summer.

On ExpressNews.com: DNC hack part of a cyber war thats just begun

Air Force spokeswoman Ann Stefanek said Wednesday that a release announcing criteria for cities seeking to host Space Command was sent out May 15. She said the Air Force had entered the evaluation phase of the selection process and it would select candidates in mid-to late-November. A decision is expected in January, and the new headquarters will take about six years to put in place.

Nirenberg and others see Space Command as a good fit for the citys growing cyber footprint that includes National Security Agency Texas, where thousands work in a sprawling complex off Potranco Road and West Military Drive.

WHAT: U.S. Space Command was established as the eleventh unified combat command in August 2019. It will draw forces from all military branches to oversee operations in space. Its leader reports directly to the defense secretary.

WHERE: Space Command is temporarily headquartered in Colorado Springs, Colo., with personnel and functions at Peterson AFB and Schriever AFB, Colo., Offutt AFB, Neb, and Vandenberg AFB, Calif. San Antonio is in the running for the permanent headquarters.

WHATS DIFFERENT: Space Command is distinct from and complementary to U.S. Space Force. U.S. Space Force will organize, train, and equip space forces.

SOURCE: U.S. Space Command

How Space Command might interact with those organizations and others isnt yet clear.

San Antonio has 75,000 uniformed and civilian personnel, 235,000 military dependents and 270,000 military retirees and veterans.

The Air Force last year created the 16th Air Force at Lackland, bringing together what one general called the exquisite capabilities America already has harnessed in air, space, cyberspace, electronic warfare and information operations.

The 16th replaced the San Antonio-based 24th and 25th Air Forces and aimed to integrate intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance along with cyber and electronic warfare and information operations in ways that have marked joint operations for decades but do it faster.

San Antonio already is home to several large commands. They include the Air Education and Training Command at Joint Base San Antonio-Randolph, and Army North, Army South, and the Armys Installation Management Command, all at JBSA-Fort Sam Houston.

The city is home to three major installations and the largest joint base in the United States. Instructor pilots and some fledgling fliers learn their craft at Randolph, while JBSA-Lackland is the longtime home of basic military training, graduating around 39,000 recruits a year.

Fort Sam Houston is the citys oldest installation, dating to 1845 when it was called the Post at San Antonio. Its present-day museum is housed in a National Historic Landmark structure built in the Quadrangle that year.

The U.S. Army Medical Center of Excellence at Fort Sam instructs 2,000 to 2,500 combat medics a day and 37,000 trainees a year in varying specialties.

The post also is home to Brooke Army Medical Center, which has a Level 1 trauma center, and the U.S. Institute of Surgical Research Burn Center. Its Center for the Intrepid helps troops and civilians recover from debilitating burn and trauma injuries.

On ExpressNews.com: Air Force merges pair of San Antonio commands with one goal: Make them even deadlier

Perez, a former city councilman, cited Joint Base San Antonio and its big Army, Navy and Air Force contingents as pluses in the citys quest to win either Space Command outright or some component of it.

Nirenberg said hes always viewed the Port San Antonio area as a possible home for the new command, but conceded he didnt know where it might land if the Pentagon picks the Alamo City as the winner.

Still, he said that while conventional wisdom puts Colorado Springs in the pole position, San Antonio not only has assets that give it a good shot but also a rich history one tied deeply to manned space exploration.

The history goes back at least to Airman 1st Class Donald Farrell entering a 3-by-5-foot metal cabin, then at Randolph, on Feb. 9, 1958, and acting as a pilot on a seven-day mock mission to the moon. When it ended, the New York Times described Farrell, 23, of the Bronx as a genuine pioneer.

Years before, Brooks researchers experimented with various types of atmospheres that might be used in a capsule environment. They also conducted psychological studies, putting volunteer airmen from Lackland AFB into low-pressure altitude chambers.

The studies continued into the mid-1960s and once saw a two-man crew spend 17 days in isolation. Early research into sealed chambers used for long-duration mock missions were used for both the Gemini program and futuristic space stations and missions to Mars.

I can go into what the specific assets we have to bring forth, but I think theres some poetry in the way history works. San Antonio was a quiet birthplace for space exploration for the United States generally. Farrell being the threshold we needed to make sure that humans could be safely launched into space, the fact that President Kennedy threw his Cap Over the Wall, figuratively, at Brooks, unfortunately, on the day before he died, Nirenberg said.

But it signified that the modern era of our country conquering space and this is the next step, he added. Weve been there from the start, at every phase, and I think we should be there at the start of this new modern era.

Sig Christenson covers the military and its impact in the San Antonio and Bexar County area. To read more from Sig, become a subscriber. sigc@express-news.net | Twitter: @saddamscribe

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San Antonio 'in the hunt' to land U.S. Space Command - San Antonio Express-News

How the first Navy SEAL ended up in space – Business Insider – Business Insider

It is no secret that Navy SEALs, the special operations force of the US Navy, are constantly striving to out-perform themselves and each other, but how far can they go? In 1984, one of them went above and beyond his teammates and made history.

"At the time, NASA was taking astronaut candidates who were not just pilots," said Capt. William Shepherd, retired SEAL, and the first commander of the International Space Station. "There were candidates made up of doctors, engineers and scientists, and I looked at that and said, 'You know, I've spent a lot of time in the water in my SCUBA gear, and that's an awful lot like being in a space suit, so I think I'll just apply and see what happens.'"

Not long after, Shepherd learned he would become a member of the NASA Astronaut Corps, making him not only the first military non-aviator, but also the first Navy SEAL to go through astronaut training in US history.

After four years of training, Shepherd embarked on the space shuttle mission STS-27 (Space Transformation System 27), and launched into space for his first time December 2, 1988 from the John F. Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral, Florida.

"We are now at a crossroads, deciding whether we are bound to inhabit only the Earth, or if humans are to live and work far from the home planet," said Shepherd in an interview regarding the fifth anniversary of continuous life aboard the International Space Station. "Let us continue now with new explorations which are more expansive and more bold; voyages which will define us as a space-faring civilization."

Navy Lt. Cmdr. Chris Cassidy in his space suit during zero gravity training at the NASA Neutral Buoyancy Lab in Houston, March 24, 2009. US Navy

Shepherd's path to becoming an astronaut in service to the country started with Underwater Demolition Team Eleven, then SEAL Teams One and Two, and Special Boat Unit Twenty, all operating in the Pacific, Atlantic, and European theaters.

Although Shepherd was standing in the ranks among the most highly trained warriors in the world, he looked toward the stars to achieve more, he wasn't the only one. Capt. (SEAL) Chris Cassidy, a current astronaut, spent more than 10 years in the SEAL teams and was directly influenced by the previous achievements of Shepherd.

"In my experience with the SEAL teams and with going through BUD/S, it's given me the confidence to know I can accomplish anything that I want," said Cassidy in an interview with US Navy SEAL & SWCC Page. "If you look at SEALs after their life in the teams, you'll find people in all different sectors of industry doing all types of things. I personally always had an interest in astronauts, and I followed Capt. Shepherd's career and was inspired by him to be an astronaut."

In 2004, Cassidy was selected for NASA's Astronaut Candidate Class and joined a group of fellow explorers including pilots and engineers. Shortly after selection, he began intensive training that included land survival, T-38 jet ground and flight training, Shuttle orbiter systems training, space station systems training, science and engineering briefings and orientation tours at all NASA centers, including the Kennedy Space Center and Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama.

Currently, Cassidy is in command of the International Space Station on "Expedition 63." The current mission he leads is conducting research investigations focused on biology, earth science, human research, physical sciences and technology development, as well as providing the foundation for continuing human spaceflight beyond low-earth orbit to the Moon and Mars which is central to future space exploration as part of NASA's Artemis program.

Navy Lt. Cmdr. Chris Cassidy is lowered into the Neutral Buoyancy Lab for a mission training session in Houston, March 24, 2009. US Navy

The Artemis program is an ongoing US government-funded crewed spaceflight program with the goal of landing "the first woman and the next man" on the Moon by 2024, and it is likely that a US astronaut currently serving in the program will be the next American to step on the surface of the Moon.

It is possible that astronaut could be Lt. (SEAL) Jonny Kim.

In 2002, Kim decided to leave his hometown of Santa Monica, California to enlist in the Navy and join the ranks of Naval Special Warfare operators.

"I didn't like the person I was growing up to become. I needed to find myself and my identity," said Kim in an interview with former SEAL, Jocko Willink. "And for me, getting out of my comfort zone, getting away from the people I grew up with, and finding adventure, that was my odyssey, and it was the best decision I ever made."

After completing Basic Underwater Demolition/SEAL (BUD/S), Kim was assigned as a Special Warfare Operator to SEAL Team Three Charlie Platoon and served as a Special Operations Combat Medic, sniper, navigator and point man on more than 100 combat operations spanning two deployments to the Middle East including Ramadi and Sadr City, Iraq.

His experiences as a medic taught him about teamwork, humility and service. Upon returning home, he decided to challenge himself yet again and applied for a commissioning program that put him on the path to become a medical doctor. Kim's application was accepted and he began his residency to Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Jonny Kim, NASA astronaut candidate, readies for helicopter water survival training at NASA Johnson Space Center's Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory in Houston. Josh Valcarcel/NASA

In 2017, Kim was a resident physician in emergency medicine with Partners Healthcare at Massachusetts General Hospital, and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. He finally met his goal of becoming a doctor, but he didn't stop there. That same year, he applied to become an astronaut and was accepted, joining NASA's team on the Artemis program.

"I was told that with the right attitude, and with enough hard work, if you get up after every time you fail, you can amount to something and you can do positive work. You can leave a positive mark for our world, and that's what I aim to do," said Kim.

Kim's unwavering perseverance led him to be the outstanding American that many call a hero, and he encourages many others to follow in his path of greatness as well.

"Don't let that hunger for the unknown go away," said Kim. "That curiosity is so important, so you should maintain that passion for what you do. Never in a million years would I have thought I could have been an astronaut candidate. I didn't have the confidence from my childhood, but dreams are possible and all good things in life are hard to get, so persevere and don't give up!"

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How the first Navy SEAL ended up in space - Business Insider - Business Insider

NASA releases weird-looking shape of our solar system – The Indian Express

By: Tech Desk | Updated: August 9, 2020 12:20:18 pm An updated model of our solar systems heliosphere (Source: Opher, et al/NASA)

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) scientists have developed a new prediction about the shape of the bubble that surrounds our solar system. This has been made possible after the data collected from a model that was developed using various NASA missions.

Earlier, scientists thought that the shape of our heliosphere that travels through space as it orbits around the centre of the galaxy is similar to that of a comet with a round leading edge with a long tail trailing behind.

The scientists have not been able to figure out the shape of our solar systems heliosphere because its closest edge is more than ten billion miles from Earth. With the help of two Voyager spacecraft, they have been able to measure this region.

To study our boundary to the interstellar space, astronomers have been capturing and observing particles flying toward our planet. Galactic cosmic rays, the charged particles that come from different parts of the galaxy along with existing ones help scientists study the boundary of our galaxy as they travel out towards the heliosphere and are bounced back by a series of electromagnetic processes. Under NASAs Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX), scientists use these particles as radar to know our boundary to the interstellar space.

There are two fluids mixed together. You have one component that is very cold and one component that is much hotter, the pick-up ions, said Opher, a professor of astronomy at Boston University. If you have some cold fluid and hot fluid, and you put them in space, they wont mix they will evolve mostly separately. What we did was separate these two components of the solar wind and model the resulting 3D shape of the heliosphere.

ALSO READ | Hubble used Moon as Earths mirror during lunar eclipse, may help finding Earth-like planets

Because the pick-up ions dominate the thermodynamics, everything is very spherical. But because they leave the system very quickly beyond the termination shock, the whole heliosphere deflates, said Opher.

Heliosphere acts like a shield to our solar system that guards us against the rest of the galaxy from particles shot after a supernova (a powerful and luminous stellar explosion). However, it cant absorb all of the radiations and lets a quarter of these galactic rays into our solar system.

The particles that break through our heliosphere are still dangerous but our planet is protected by its magnetic field and atmosphere. Thats why there is a need to understand our heliosphere which will be a major breakthrough in future space exploration.

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NASA releases weird-looking shape of our solar system - The Indian Express

The fault in our stars: Constellation mapping through events in time shows devastation caused by man in space – MEAWW

Humans have always been fascinated with what lies beyond the earth. They have looked up at the heavens, enthralled at the stars and the nature of the objects often seen in the night sky. Space exploration had captured the minds of people, well before technological achievements made them physically possible. While pilots and scientists have always had vested interests in the cosmos, it has also been a constant creative inspiration for writers and artists. The interstellar has tickled people's fancy for centuries and perhaps also explains why it has become a common and persisting theme in literature and art. Scientific and technological advancements enabled the development of rockets and electronics in the 20th century, making it possible to send machines, animals and even people past the earth's atmosphere to explore outer space.

Humans have been sending objects into space since the 1950s, searching for answers to the timeless theories of outer space. Technological developments have gradually increased the number of space missions and as a result, roughly 500,000 man-made objects, including 2,000 satellites and over 22,000 larger pieces of space junk, have been orbiting the earth. It doesn't end there. Over the next few years, there are plans to launch thousands of objects more. Junk and debris consisting of objects both big and small have been taking up space in our skies and the accumulating number only poses a huge risk to space travel. It increases the chances of dangerous collisions, and by not clearing up the existing junk or restricting the number of launches, mankind may ruin the view of the night sky forever.

Under Lucky Stars has shared new designs, revealing the devastating impact of space exploration by humans over time. A company that makes custom-made star maps of constellations, it has created star maps using key dates in history to visualize the amount of junk and debris in space at that time, according to their data. This campaign comes following the #SaveOurStars campaign launched by Under Lucky Stars earlier this year. It also reveals what the view of our night sky could look like in the future if we don't make efforts to clear up our space junk. "Since the 1960s and more notably the first moon landing, public interest in space exploration has continued to grow by excess. Humans are inquisitive, and as a race, we're keen to learn more about how and when we came to be, including the atmosphere around us. But this intrigue has come at a cost," said Zoltan Toth-Czifra, founder of Under Lucky Stars.

"Although necessary to explore time and space, the damage we are leaving behind is continuing to grow, which will eventually lead to damage beyond control. A few satellites may seem like nothing in the vast area of space, but the junk and debris left behind from space activities causes a number of problems, mainly the increased risk of collision," he added. "These designs highlight the impact mankind is having outside of our own planet earth and is a signal that we must clean up our act and monitor launches if we want to continue to explore our perimeters safely."

Space debris count: 1,000 to 2,000 pieces

One of the most iconic historical events and aeronautical achievements, the moon landing marked the beginning for the decades worth of space exploration that would follow. The official moon landing did not happen until 20 July 1969, but the US launched Apollo 11, four days prior. The mission occurred eight years after President John F Kennedy announced the national goal of landing a man on the moon by the end of the 1960s. As featured in the star chart above, the low amount of activity in space highlights just a few satellites launched at the time, with roughly 1,000 to 2,000 pieces of space debris.

Space debris count: 8,000 pieces

The infamous social media website, Facebook began in 2004, while founder Mark Zuckerburg was still a student at Harvard University. Initially launched as an interactive platform to connect Harvard students, Facebook is by far the biggest social media website in the world with over 2.6 billion monthly active users. During this time the activity in space had multiplied twofold. Almost three-and-a-half decades of space exploration later, an approximate of 303 satellites were found to be in space in 2004, and more than 8,000 pieces of space debris.

Space debris count: 17,000 pieces

On June 23, 2016, the EU referendum culminated with the UK voting to leave the European Union, an event termed as "Brexit". The decision would come as a drastic change in the future for many. And while this development took place on the earth, things were also changing in the skies. By 2016, the number of satellites launched since the 1960s had spiked to 1,351, and more than 17,000 pieces of space junk littered the atmosphere.

Space debris count: 18,000 pieces

Businessman and television personality, Donald J Trump, succeeded Barack Obama to become the 45th President of the US in 2017. The public ceremony held on January 20 garnered an estimated crowd of 600,000 people. Meanwhile, there were 388 scheduled satellite launches noted during the year, increasing by 187% from the 135 pieces in 2016. This brought the total to 1,739.

Space debris count: 22,000 pieces

Aerospace manufacturer and space transportation services company, SpaceX, announced this year that it would be sending thousands of satellites into low-orbit earth as part of their plan to achieve access-all-areas broadband internet supply. On June 13, the company launched Falcon 9, sending 50 more internet satellites into the orbit. So far more than 500 satellites have been launched by the company, but this was just to get the ball rolling. SpaceX aims to launch some 1,600 orbiting routers at the end of 2020. In total, SpaceX has plans to launch nearly 12,000 satellites. At the moment, there are roughly 22,000 pieces of space debris orbiting the earth.

Predicted space debris count: 50,000 pieces

Ten years on from the last launch by SpaceX, the fate of the cosmos looks bleak. At the rate that the number of satellites and items of space junk is increasing every decade, there could be an estimated 50,000 satellites and pieces of debris in space by 2030. This could potentially jeopardize our view of the night sky forever, as the number of satellites may go on to possibly outweigh the number of stars that a human eye can grasp.

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The fault in our stars: Constellation mapping through events in time shows devastation caused by man in space - MEAWW

The Weather Station At The Top Of The World – Hackaday

The crown jewels of the Earths mountain ranges, the Himalayas, are unsurpassed in their beauty, their height, and their deadly attraction to adventurers, both professional and amateur. The gem of the Himalayas is, of course, Mount Everest, known as Sagarmatha to the Nepalis and Chomolungma to the Tibetans. At 8,848 meters (29,029 ft) or more; its a geologically young mountain thats still being thrust upward by tectonic activity its a place so forbidding that as far as we know the summit was never visited until 1953, despite at least 30 years of previous attempts, many of which resulted in death.

The conquest of Everest remains a bucket list challenge for many adventurers, and despite advances in technology that have made the peak accessible to more people or perhaps because of that more than 300 corpses litter the mountain, testament to what can happen when you take the power of Mother Nature for granted.

To get better data on the goings-on at the Roof of the World, an expedition recently sought to install five weather stations across various points on the route up Mount Everest, including one at its very peak. The plan was challenging, both from a mountaineering perspective and in terms of the engineering required to build something that would be able to withstand some of the worst conditions on the planet, and to send valuable data back reliably. It didnt all go exactly to plan, but its still a great story about the intersection of science and engineering.

Despite seven decades of exploration that have seen over 5,200 pairs of boots across its summit, Mount Everest remains very much a climatological mystery. There has never been a permanent weather station at the summit, in part because of the technical challenges that building and installing such a device entails. What little we know of conditions at the summit come by way of portable instruments lugged up by expeditions, with the deadly conditions up there making it impossible to stay around long enough to gather much more than a few readings of wind speed, pressure, and temperature. In addition, almost all Everest summit attempts occur during a very brief window lasting only a few weeks to as little as a few days out of every year.

The need for a permanent weather station on Everest is not just driven by the demands of adventure seekers. The Himalayas stand in a unique position to act as sentinels for a changing climate. By some estimates, nearly a quarter of the worlds population gets their drinking water from the glaciers nestled in and around the Himalayas, and knowing how those ice packs are responding to rising temperatures is critically important. But with so few weather stations above 5,000 meters, climatologists have to rely on remote sensing to build a picture of whats going on up there, and a skewed one at that.

Theres another bit of serendipity with the peak of Mount Everest: it actually reaches high enough to penetrate into the jet stream, those high-velocity air currents that meander around the globe. This partly explains the characteristically bad weather and high winds on the summit of Everest, the bane of most explorers. But jet stream winds also reveal a lot about the air masses that they typically form the boundary of, and hence are valuable tools for studying the climate. Jet stream winds are generally studied through the use of weather balloons, which can obviously only send back limited data. Having a permanent weather station sitting where it can directly monitor the jet stream will prove to be invaluable to climate researchers.

Having established the need for a network of Everest weather stations, The National Geographic and Rolex Perpetual Planet Everest Expedition took up the non-trivial task ofdesigning equipment that was up to the extreme conditions on the mountain. This would be an installation like no other, more akin to designing instruments for a space mission than for monitoring terrestrial weather. Even the most durable of commercially available, scientific-grade weather stations would pale by comparison to what the Everest summit stations would require.

The comparison to space exploration is apt on a number of levels. First, weight is a primary concern, since every gram of material used to build the station, plus all the tools and hardware needed to install it, would have to be lugged up the 8,800-meter peak using nothing but muscle power. That meant that the station would have to be broken into pieces to spread the load over multiple climbers. Also, just as a planetary spacecraft is repeatedly tested to ensure it will survive the forces of launch and landing, so too would the station have to be tested to ensure its survival in some of the harshest weather conditions this planet can dish out.

Another way the engineering of the weather station is similar to space exploration is in terms of power and communication. The Everest weather stations would need to be completely self-contained, which as a practical matter means solar power. That presents special challenges: a solar panel is large, flat, and offers a lot of sail area to the wind. Whats more, solar panels are notoriously fragile, and the winds on Everest are known to pick up chunks of gravel as they whip around. A solar power system would need to be built to survive this constant peppering with rocks. Also, the weather can be cloudy for weeks at a time on the summit, so a battery to store energy would also be required.

For communication, the Everest weather station took another page from the spacecraft engineers playbook: redundancy. Data from the station would have to be sent wirelessly, and so it was provided with redundant transmitters. In addition to the prominent high-gain Yagi antenna for the 400-MHz instrumentation and scientific measurement (ISM) band, which talks back to the weather station at the base camp, the summit station also supports data transfer via a Thuraya FT2225 M2M L-band satellite terminal.

Finally, in an environment where wind speeds can exceed 290 km/h (180 MPH), the station has to be able to be literally bolted down. The exact mounting location couldnt be easily surveyed in advance, so the legs and feet of the station were made adjustable for angles up to 50. In addition to having its feet bolted to the rock, the mast was provided with adjustable guy wires, again to be bolted to the rock, to keep the instrument mast secure and to keep the directional antennas pointing in the right direction.

After extensive testing by the manufacturer, Cambell Scientific Instruments, on New Hampshires Mount Washington, where the highest-ever wind speed was recorded (317 km/h, or 231 MPH), the five weather stations were shipped to Nepal in time for the spring 2019 climbing season. The team honed their installation procedure on the four lower-altitude stations before attempting the final assault on the summit station.

The expedition team was far from alone. The Nepali government had issued a record number of climbing permits in 2019, which resulted in over 700 climbers converging on the mountain for the 2019 season. By the time the team had made it to the South Col camp, the traditional last stop before attempting the summit, they were at the back of an enormous traffic jam of climbers desperate for their chance to stand on the summit, however briefly.

This paradoxical crush of humanity on the way to one of the least accessible spots on the planet presented a huge risk to the team. While getting a few seconds on the summit for a selfie was the goal of the hundreds of climbers in line ahead of them, the team would need something like three hours to install the weather station. They faced a tough choice: attempt the summit and face the possibility of having not enough oxygen bottles and not enough room to work, or settle for a spot lower down the mountain. They opted for the latter and selected a spot on the Southeast Ridge known as The Balcony, at 8,430 meters above sea level, that gave them the time and the room to work, while only being 450 meters shy of the summit.

Once the team selected the site for the station, they quickly ran into trouble. First, the batteries they brought along to power the cordless hammer drills needed to bolt the station to the rock were too cold to work. Warm armpits under thick mountaineering jackets thawed the batteries enough to get on with the work, but it soon became apparent that the very thing that made lugging everything up the mountain possible the ability to break the station into separate parts also caused them to leave a critical part behind. The masts to hold the wind sensors arguably the most critical instruments in the station had gone missing.

Even on the Roof of the World, hackers rule, and a solution to the expedition-ending problem was soon found. By an incredible stroke of good fortune, the team discovered that the handles of the lightweight aluminum snow shovels that they had brought along were about the same size as the missing parts. A Sherpa set to the task of disassembling the shovel and hammering the handle into submission, while the universal problem solver duct tape was applied to improve the fit. The fixes worked well enough to bolt everything down and power up the station to confirm it was operating before heading back down the mountain.

The Balcony station sent data back to the NGS for about nine months before something happened to knock it offline. Its not clear what caused the failure; the rest of the lower altitude stations are all still sending back data, so its something specific to the Balcony station. The station went offline in January, so it could be that the hacked instrument masts werent up to the fierce winter winds and were ripped off. Or perhaps the solar panels were destroyed by wind-borne gravel, or even fouled by some bit of cast-off climbing gear. The route up to the summit, after all, is not exactly pristine.

Unfortunately, the only way to be sure what happened to the Balcony station is to visit it, and while that should have been possible during the 2020 climbing season, the COVID-19 pandemic had other ideas. Nepal canceled all permits to climb the mountain in 2020, and access from the Chinese side has always been limited. A Chinese survey team did summit in May of 2020, but they approached along the Northeast Ridge, a route that didnt pass anywhere near the balcony.

With the climbing season now closed, the fate of the highest weather station in the world will remain a mystery until at least the spring of 2021. Hopefully its still up there, and can be brought back online with a simple fix. But the fact that it got up there in the first place and that it worked for nine months is a testament to the engineering that went into the whole effort.

Continued here:

The Weather Station At The Top Of The World - Hackaday

Are rental properties or index funds better in pursuit early retirement? – AZCentral.com

Sam Swenson, CFA, CPA, The Motley Fool Published 4:00 a.m. MT Aug. 10, 2020

Its a great time to check up on your retirement plan. This is how you do it. Buzz60

FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early), a flourishing lifestyle movement, has crept its way into mainstream culture throughout the past decade. As we've seen the pandemic spark a renewed push for people to create more autonomy in their lives, there is continued debate about the most sensible way to invest if FIRE is your goal. Real estate proponents advocate for potentially robust monthly cash flow, price appreciation, and tax advantages, whereas index fund adherents cite minimal expenses, a lack of constant oversight, and efficient trading as reasons to invest. In reality, there are benefits to both strategies, which might lead you to consider a hybrid approach.

You'll hear FIRE proponents across the internet lauding the benefits of real estate investing, and in the right circumstances, you should listen. The benefits of direct investing in real estate are well documented: you'll receive stable monthly cash flow in the form of rent payments and will benefit from potential price appreciation of the property if you hold it long enough. In most cases you will need to take out a mortgage on the home and as the landlord, you are now responsible for maintenance, lock-outs, and taxes. The idea is to become "cash-flow positive"; that is, your monthly rent receipt on the property exceeds your monthly obligations to lenders and government entities.

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The true benefits of direct real estate investing accrue once you've built a portfolio of properties that can provide significant positive monthly cash flow as a reliable source of income. This cash flow can either be reinvested into other properties, spent on regular obligations, or invested in other financial instruments. Additionally, you will, in all likelihood, benefit from price appreciation on the properties over time, allowing you to greatly increase your on-paper net worth. Once you've paid off the mortgages, you'll only be required to pay your taxes and keep the properties in working condition from there, your path to FIRE will be significantly shortened.

(Photo: Getty Images)

There are many risks, however, with using real estate alone as a path to financial freedom. First, many real estate investors would agree that property management is a job in itself the process of finding tenants who are able to pay rent every month, especially during a global health crisis, is understandably quite challenging. If the time commitment is too much, you always have the option of investing indirectly in real estate with REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts). Second, if you own a property in a high cost of living area, down payments can run in to the several-hundred-thousand-dollar range, making owning several properties or even one property a privilege reserved for only the very wealthy.

In addition, real estate can suffer from illiquidity issues in other words, you may not be able to sell your rental when you want, which of course will be when you need the cash most. It's important to distinguish that the process of buying an investment property is not the same as buying a primary residence the initial decision-making process, as well as the end goals, are significantly different.

Index funds are investment vehicles designed to provide diversified exposure to world stock indices, specific sectors, or focused themes. Some generate periodic dividends (usually quarterly), and most broad market indices have demonstrated measured but meaningful growth over the past century. The subtle beauty of index fund investing lies in its passive nature once you've selected a few funds that match your risk tolerance and asset allocation needs, there really isn't much more to it. Your focus can move away from investing and on to life's more important concerns: your career, your family, and whatever else to which you want to dedicate precious time.

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A primary difference between index funds and real estate is rooted in monthly cash flow. Investing in real estate has the potential to generate more stable cash flow on average. Speaking literally, this refers to more cash being paid directly to your bank account every month. The primary gains that accumulate to index fund investors are in the form of price appreciation, which comes as result of the market slowly churning up over time. Index fund investors often enjoy quick payouts from cash dividend payments, but they tend to be relatively small in nature when compared to rent receipts.

Many of the discussions in personal finance are focused on choices around investment vehicles and the relative merits of each. In the pursuit of building a complete portfolio that captures the maximum potential benefits available while also addressing identifiable risks, it seems prudent that both index funds and real estate should be included. This tends to become more achievable if you live in an area with low cost of living and have the time to manage real property while allowing your index investments to grow simultaneously. Regardless of where you live, a reasonable capital allocation that includes a variety of investments addressing different needs will supercharge your path to financial independence.

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Are rental properties or index funds better in pursuit early retirement? - AZCentral.com

Are Rental Properties or Index Funds Better in Pursuit of FIRE? – The Motley Fool

FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early), a flourishing lifestyle movement, has crept its way into mainstream culture throughout the past decade. As we've seen the pandemic spark a renewed push for people to create more autonomy in their lives, there is continued debate about the most sensible way to invest if FIRE is your goal. Real estate proponents advocate for potentially robust monthly cash flow, price appreciation, and tax advantages, whereas index fund adherents cite minimal expenses, a lack of constant oversight, and efficient trading as reasons to invest. In reality, there are benefits to both strategies, which might lead you to consider a hybrid approach.

Image source: Getty Images

You'll hear FIRE proponents across the internet lauding the benefits of real estate investing, and in the right circumstances, you should listen. The benefits of direct investing in real estate are well documented: you'll receive stable monthly cash flow in the form of rent payments and will benefit from potential price appreciation of the property if you hold it long enough. In most cases you will need to take out a mortgage on the home and as the landlord, you are now responsible for maintenance, lock-outs, and taxes. The idea is to become "cash-flow positive"; that is, your monthly rent receipt on the property exceeds your monthly obligations to lenders and government entities.

The true benefits of direct real estate investing accrue once you've built a portfolio of properties that can provide significant positive monthly cash flow as a reliable source of income. This cash flow can either be reinvested into other properties, spent on regular obligations, or invested in other financial instruments. Additionally, you will, in all likelihood, benefit from price appreciation on the properties over time, allowing you to greatly increase your on-paper net worth. Once you've paid off the mortgages, you'll only be required to pay your taxes and keep the properties in working condition -- from there, your path to FIRE will be significantly shortened.

There are many risks, however, with using real estate alone as a path to financial freedom. First, many real estate investors would agree that property management is a job in itself -- the process of finding tenants who are able to pay rent every month, especially during a global health crisis, is understandably quite challenging. If the time commitment is too much, you always have the option of investing indirectly in real estate with REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts). Second, if you own a property in a high cost of living area, down payments can run in to the several-hundred-thousand-dollar range, making owning several properties or even one property a privilege reserved for only the very wealthy.

In addition, real estate can suffer from illiquidity issues -- in other words, you may not be able to sell your rental when you want, which of course will be when you need the cash most. It's important to distinguish that the process of buying an investment property is not the same as buying a primary residence -- the initial decision-making process, as well as the end goals, are significantly different.

Index funds are investment vehicles designed to provide diversified exposure to world stock indices, specific sectors, or focused themes. Some generate periodic dividends (usually quarterly), and most broad market indices have demonstrated measured but meaningful growth over the past century. The subtle beauty of index fund investing lies in its passive nature -- once you've selected a few funds that match your risk tolerance and asset allocation needs, there really isn't much more to it. Your focus can move away from investing and on to life's more important concerns: your career, your family, and whatever else to which you want to dedicate precious time.

A primary difference between index funds and real estate is rooted in monthly cash flow. Investing in real estate has the potential to generate more stable cash flow on average. Speaking literally, this refers to more cash being paid directly to your bank account every month. The primary gains that accumulate to index fund investors are in the form of price appreciation, which comes as result of the market slowly churning up over time. Index fund investors often enjoy quick payouts from cash dividend payments, but they tend to be relatively small in nature when compared to rent receipts.

Many of the discussions in personal finance are focused on choices around investment vehicles and the relative merits of each. In the pursuit of building a complete portfolio that captures the maximum potential benefits available while also addressing identifiable risks, it seems prudent that both index funds and real estate should be included. This tends to become more achievable if you live in an area with low cost of living and have the time to manage real property while allowing your index investments to grow simultaneously. Regardless of where you live, a reasonable capital allocation that includes a variety of investments addressing different needs will supercharge your path to financial independence.

Continue reading here:

Are Rental Properties or Index Funds Better in Pursuit of FIRE? - The Motley Fool

Financial Focus: How can you prepare for the new retirement? – The-review

A generation or so ago, people didnt just retire from work many of them also withdrew from a whole range of social and communal activities. But now, its different: The large Baby Boom cohort, and no doubt future ones, are insisting on an active lifestyle and continued involvement in their communities and world. So, what should you know about this "new retirement"? And how can you prepare for it?

For starters, consider what it means to be a retiree today. The 2020 Edward Jones/Age Wave Four Pillars of the New Retirement study has identified these four interrelated, key ingredients, along with the connected statistics, for living well in the new retirement:

Health While physical health may decline with age, emotional intelligence the ability to use emotions in positive ways actually improves, according to a well-known study from the University of California, among others. However, not surprisingly, retirees fear Alzheimers and other types of dementia more than any physical ailment, including cancer or infectious diseases, according to the "Four Pillars" study.

Family Retirees get their greatest emotional nourishment from family relationships and theyll do anything it takes to help support those family members, even if it means sacrificing their own financial security. Conversely, retirees lacking close connections with family and friends are at risk for all the negative consequences resulting from physical and social isolation.

Purpose Nearly 90% of Americans feel that there should be more ways for retirees to use their talents and knowledge for the benefit of their communities and society at large. Retirees want to spend their time in useful, rewarding ways and theyre well capable of doing so, given their decades of life experience. Retirees with a strong sense of purpose have happier, healthier lives and report a higher quality of life.

Finances Retirees are less interested in accumulating more wealth than they are in having sufficient resources to achieve the freedom to live their lives as they choose. Yet, retirees frequently find that managing money in retirement can be even more challenging than saving for it. And the "unknowns" can be scary: Almost 70% of those who plan to retire in the next 10 years say they have no idea what their healthcare and long-term care costs will be in retirement.

So, if youre getting close to retirement, and youre considering these factors, how can you best integrate them into a fulfilling, meaningful way of life? Youll want to take a "holistic" approach by asking yourself some key questions: What do you want to be able to do with your time and money? Are you building the resources necessary to enjoy the lifestyle youve envisioned? Are you prepared for the increasing costs of health care as you age? Have you taken the steps to maintain your financial independence, and avoid burdening your family, in case you need some type of long-term care? Have you created the estate plans necessary to leave the type of legacy you desire?

By addressing these and other issues, possibly with the help of a financial professional, you can set yourself on the path toward the type of retirement thats not really a retirement at all but rather a new, invigorating chapter of your life.

This article was written by Edward Jones for use by your local Edward Jones financial advisor.

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Financial Focus: How can you prepare for the new retirement? - The-review

Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Being Young in the Time of the Covid-19 Crisis – World – ReliefWeb

FROM: ZENEBE B. URAGUCHI 09. AUGUST 2020

Young people have entered the Covid-19 crisis in a different state of vulnerability. Perhaps the pandemic and its exposure to economic and social injustices may be a reason for a righteous rage for more action and intergenerational justice. Without being an alarmist, a new lockdown generation with long boiling grievances will more likely lead to widespread social unrest.

From education to employment, then towards economic and financial independence, or to establishing their own family, to getting the right to vote This was the dream of most young people before the arrival of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Young people may be slightly more resilient than other age groups or those with severe underlying health conditions. But economic insecurity and the educational fallout will affect the youth the most for years to come. Young people who are not in employment, education, or training (NEET), who live in remote areas and are displaced are particularly vulnerable.

According to a recent study, more than 100 million young adults are still living in extreme poverty. As the figure below from the Brookings Institution shows, the majority of poor young people are in Africa. There seem to be a few positive changes, alarmingly, between now and 2030.

It is sometimes difficult to find a few words of reassurance. Who knows, it is also possible that a breakdown of dreams may also be a chance for a breakthrough. Our hope shouldnt fade as we celebrate on 12 August the International Youth Day. This years theme is Youth Engagement for Global Action.

Counting the immediate costs

The Covid-19 pandemic is a big deal for vulnerable groups like the youth. There are considerable risks for them in the fields of education, employment, mental health, and disposable income.

Around the globe, youth are not attending school or university because of temporary or indefinite closures. Some have moved to online platforms. Yet, accessing knowledge is not a click away. For many, fewer educational opportunities exist beyond school. The disruption carries high social and economic costs.

Working parents are more likely to miss work when schools close. Most schools will also likely face significant budget cuts because of the economic downturn. Once disrupted, dropout rates tend to increase when schools reopen. Above all, young people also find schools as crucial hubs of social activity and human interaction.

It is not pretty.

Well before the Covid-19 crisis, young people made up the largest number of the unemployed. They faced with very limited opportunities for employment and career development for a long time. Now, among those who managed to get employment, younger workers are often the first to have their hours cut or be laid off. We are experiencing this in Eastern Europe. Youth tend to work more in sectors, such as retail and hospitality, most affected by the lockdown measures.

For recent and this-year graduates and for people who were unemployed before the crisis, the time ahead will be especially difficult. That will intensify existing aspirations of youth to migrate to the developed countries that also face worsening economic conditions and the rise of anti-immigration sentiments.

Faced with uncertainty, young people are experiencing severe psychological distress. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found over a threefold increase in psychological distress among young adults aged 18-29. Poor mental health is strongly associated with social and economic circumstances, not just because of the fear of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Shouldering much of the long-term economic and social consequences

Young people were able to demonstrate remarkable resilience amid economic uncertainties. The 2008 financial crisis is a good example. It may be a false comparison between the 2008 financial crisis and the current Covid-19 pandemic and its impacts. Before the pandemic, young people were already three times more likely to be unemployed compared to adults.

There are plenty of reasons to believe that the real risk that inequalities and social deprivation will increase due to the Covid-19 pandemic. New inequalities will widen most likely affecting vulnerable youth. Out of the 1.3 billion young people worldwide, 85% live in developing countries and almost 50% live in fragile and conflict-affected areas. Over 1 in 6 young people worldwide have stopped working since the start of the crisis, according to the ILO.

With the loss of hopes, young people are the ones that opt for leaving their countries in search of better opportunities. Past crises are good reminders: socio-economic gaps between young people, and across generations, become more profound during and after the crises. Yet, leaders in richer countries often use crises like the pandemic as a reason to tighten borders. The pandemic is becoming a target for very emotive arguments and electorally powerful messages.

Also, unconditional bailouts by governments to private sector enterprises have been questionable as they did not lay the foundation for a more inclusive recovery and long-term development. Few people benefit from such bailouts as happened during the 2008 financial crisis while many others like the youth will fall behind.

Doing our share

A more inclusive world will not emerge as if by magic; we must seize the moment of the recovery efforts to improve or build a system for shared prosperity. At Helvetas, a Swiss development organization, we have been partnering with multi-stakeholders to support young women and men to break the cycle of poverty and exclusion. There are examples from Albania to Kyrgyzstan, Tanzania, and other countries.

In many instances, solutions proposed to tackle the challenges of young women and men did not work or had a limited impact. This was mainly because many development initiatives do things by themselves and therefore become part of the systems. For example, in Eastern Europe, Helvetas is facilitating future-oriented endeavors to address systems that themselves produce, uphold, and improve growth-oriented services, policies, and regulations.

We work in partnership with not only the private sector but also with other development organizations, public-sector actors, and civil society organizations. Different systems that are critical for young people to benefit meaningfully need a ventilator at the moment, but the systems also need the immunity resilience to adapt and innovate in the future.

We are taking ad hoc measures to address the fallout from the pandemic. The challenge often, however, is the lack of attention to a crisis in a more systematic way with a medium to long-term perspective. This is where Helvetas sees opportunities to contribute to minimizing the impacts on young people by searching for innovative solutions different systems from education to inform, investments in different sectors as well as the enabling policy environment. You can read about specific examples of how are doing this in our inclusive systems blog series.

The COVID-19 crisis has demonstrated how complexity creates more uncertainties. The systems in which development work takes place are complex adaptive systems. This means that designing, implementing, and monitoring/measuring development projects isnt about following checklists or formulae. We are increasingly creating, as can be seen in this blog, enablers for supporting adaptation, and innovation (e.g. Investments, flexibility in financial and administrative requirements).

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Between a Rock and a Hard Place: Being Young in the Time of the Covid-19 Crisis - World - ReliefWeb

39% of younger millennials say the Covid-19 recession has them moving back home – CNBC

Nearly 3 out of 4 younger millennials are concerned that the coronavirus pandemic will impact their finances, with 57% saying that Covid-19 derailed their plans for financial independence.

For many, those plans include having their own place. But 39% of younger millennials (defined here as ages 24 to 29) say they are either planning to or have already moved back in with their parents because of the economic downturn, according to a recent survey of over 2,000 young adults conducted by TD Ameritrade.

Even some of those who haven't made the move home are still getting help. About 15% of younger millennials say their parents are paying part of their rent, while another 15% say their parents are covering all of their housing costs.

Despite their appreciation for the support, 82% of young millennials say they don't want to rely on their parents financially. In fact, most younger millennials say that before the pandemic hit, they became, or expected to become, completely financially independent by 29. Additionally, most felt that by 28 it was embarrassing to be receiving financial help from their parents.

While moving back in with your parents would normally be considered a setback for many, times are not normal, says personal finance author Bobbi Rebell, host of the Financial Grownup podcast. Some people may be moving back home for financial reasons, but there are also those heading home for other reasons, such as to help their parents or to be in a safer or more controllable environment than they would be in with a roommate.

"If ever there was a time that you would not be judged in a negative way, this is it," says Rebell, who is also a personal finance expert for debt management appTally. There are upsides to being with family during these challenging times, including saving money on housing expenses and other living costs, being able to help your family and getting to know your parents as an adult, Rebell adds.

If you're stressed about your finances right now, Rebell suggests doing a self-audit of where your monthly budget and income currently sit. Are you living within your means? Are there expenses you can trim? "Look for the gaps," she says. "If you are employed or have not had any change in your income, think about adjustments you might want to make in case that changes."

It's also a good time to build up your emergency fund. Financial experts recommend having three to six months of living expenses saved up. If you still have income coming in, prioritize putting a bit more toward saving if you can, especially if your expenses are lower because of the pandemic."Cash is king these days and you will sleep better at night knowing money is there if something goes wrong," Rebell says.

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Beyond saving more, it may make sense to explore diversifying your income streams, Rebell says. Look for other ways to make money beyond your current job or unemployment benefits. In some states, you may be able to work part-time and still claim unemployment.

You may be able to find paid tasks such as doing yard work, helping with moves, making deliveries or performing ongoing handyman gigs through sites like NextDoor and TaskRabbit. You can also consider putting your skills and hobbies to use. Can you tutor online? Or sell some handmade items?

"Working more might be the last thing you want to do now, but given the economic risks we are all facing, it makes sense to create another income stream," Rebell says. "The key is to find something you can do that is unlikely to be impacted if your primary income goes away or is reduced."

At the end of the day, younger generations shouldn't beat themselves up if they're not exactly where they want to be financially right now,Rebell says. Most are struggling and it's OK. "Unlike previous recessions, this one came on out of the blue and shut down entire industries overnight. No one is safe," she says.

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39% of younger millennials say the Covid-19 recession has them moving back home - CNBC

Pandemic is heightening stress over the $1.9 million retirement number. How you can save more – CNBC

The top source of financial stress is saving enough for a comfortable retirement, a worry that is trending upward as a result of the pandemic, according toa newly released nationwide survey by Charles Schwab of 1,000 currently employed 401(k) plan participants between the ages of 25 and 70.

The survey, conducted between May 28 and June 11, 2020, by Logica Research for Schwab Retirement Plan Services, revealed that Americans think they'll need to save $1.9 million on average to retire. This is up 12%, from$1.7 million in 2019.Millennial and Gen X savers were slightly more ambitious, putting their target at $2 million, while boomers said they'll need about $1.6 million.

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Yet many believe their retirement goals are out of reach. Thirty-seven percent feel they are "very likely" to achieve their retirement savings goals, nearly half (49%) report they are "somewhat likely" to achieve their retirement savings goals, and 14% say it is "not likely" they will achieve their goals at all. One in five (21%) expects to retire later than originally planned because of the economic fallout from the pandemic.

As a result, the stress from the pandemic has led many to make some money moves:Forty-one percent of survey respondents made changes to their 401(k) as a direct result of the economic impact of Covid-19. Of the 41% who acted, 14% rebalanced their portfolio and 12% increased their contribution rate.

2020 401(k) Participant Study conducted for Schwab Retirement Plan Services by Logica Research

"Times like this make people a little more engaged," saysNathan Voris, managing director for Schwab Retirement Plan Services.

Having a "magic number" in mind may motivate some 401(k) savers to be more disciplined about rebalancing their portfolios and making regular contributions, financial advisors say.

Experts suggest that if you have the means to raise your 401(k) contributions right now, do it. In 2020 the maximum contribution limit for a 401(k) plan is $19,500. If you're age 50 or older, you can add another $6,500 to your account with a "catch-up" contribution.

"If you're already on track to max out your 401(k), then maybe you want to put some of that money in a brokerage account," said certified financial planner Lazetta Rainey Braxton, co-founder of 2050 Wealth Partners and a member of the CNBC Financial Advisors Council. "The good thing about a brokerage account is it gives you liquidity. If you need to sell, you can sell and get funds from your account. It is subject to the market, but the good news is, there is no penalty for taking withdrawals from your brokerage account."

Federal legislation aimed at providing financial relief during the Covid-19 crisis also now allows for penalty-free withdrawals from a 401(k) account this year. If your employer allows it, under the CARES Act, you can take a "coronavirus-related distribution" of up to $100,000 from a 401(k) plan until December 31, 2020, and you won't have to pay an early withdrawal penalty if you are under age 59 1/2.

Thirty-seven percent feel they are "very likely" to achieve their retirement savings goals, nearly half (49%) report they are "somewhat likely" to achieve their retirement savings goals, and 14% say it is "not likely" they will achieve their goals at all.

Schwab Retirement Plan Services 2020 Survey

Given many Americans' worries about jobs, daily finances and the growing concern about how to make ends meet during the Covid-19 crisis, financial planning may put too much focus on retirement goals, said Tim Maurer, director of advisor development at Buckingham Wealth Partners. "It's almost as if every recommendation in a financial plan is serving the sacred cow of an extended, blissful, effortless retirement. I'm all for reaching financial independence, but making financial planning solely about deferred gratification means that the practice adds very little value to our todays."

"To many people, the dollar we can see today is more valuable than the dollar for tomorrow or 30 or 40 years in the future," said Maurer, a member of the CNBC Financial Advisors Council.

"Do most people need to save more? Yes," he says. "The way to do that may be figuring out what's more important to them today and get them to envision what life will look like in the future."

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Pandemic is heightening stress over the $1.9 million retirement number. How you can save more - CNBC