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The evolution and incredible will of Kyle Lowry – Sportsnet.ca

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

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The evolution and incredible will of Kyle Lowry - Sportsnet.ca

The Evolution of Racism – The Atlantic

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

Now the revised entry for racism has finally arrived, included in the online update Merriam-Webster published yesterday. As promised, the entry underscores some nuances, though the revision is not a complete rewrite. As before, the first definition given relates to personal belief and attitudes. But the revised second definitionthe systemic oppression of a racial group to the social, economic, and political advantage of another; specifically: white supremacybetter highlights what Mitchum was looking for. Additionally, the entry is now enriched by illustrative quotations from such writers as Angela Y. Davis, bell hooks, Mariana Calvo, and Imani Perry, and the activist Bree Newsome.

When Mitchums appeal to Merriam-Webster attracted news coverage in June, many commentators portrayed the story in broad strokes as the dictionary gets woke. Depending on ones political perspective, that might be seen as either a laudable step in the path to progressive enlightenment or as a capitulation to the forces of political correctness. But a closer look at how Merriam-Websters definition of racism has evolved over time reveals a much more complex narrative.

Racism and racist are surprisingly recent additions to the English lexicon. You wont find those words in the writings of Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe, or Abraham Lincoln. While the Oxford English Dictionary currently dates racism in English to 1903 and racist to 1919, the terms were still rarely used in the early decades of the 20th century. The pioneering civil-rights activist and journalist Ida B. Wells, for instance, instead used phrases like race hatred and race prejudice in her memoir, Crusade for Justice, which she began writing in 1928 but left unfinished when she died three years later.

When Merriam-Webster published the second edition of its unabridged New International Dictionary, in 1934, racism was nowhere to be found. The editors did include another, related term, which was more popular at the time: racialism, defined as racial characteristics, tendencies, prejudices, or the like; spec., race hatred. But racism was not yet on the radar of the lexicographers diligently at work at Merriam-Websters Springfield, Massachusetts, office.

Read: The dictionary definition of racism has to change

That all changed thanks to a perceptive observation by one member of the editorial staff named Rose Frances Egan. Egan, a graduate of Syracuse and Columbia who studied the history of aesthetics, came on board as an assistant editor for the second edition of the New International Dictionary. She was also tasked with writing entries for Websters Dictionary of Synonyms, which she worked on for several years before its first edition was published in 1942.

A handwritten slip tucked away in Merriam-Websters archive tells the story. (Before the advent of email, interoffice communication among the editors in Springfield would typically be carried out by exchanging notes on pink slips of paper, still known affectionately as the pinks.) This particular slip, dated November 1, 1938, was written by Egan, who asked a fellow editor, John P. Bethel, about the status of the word racism. Has this term been entered in the addenda? Egan asked Bethel. I wanted to use it in a ds. and find that it is not in W. 34.

John Morse, a former president and publisher at Merriam-Webster, guided me through the obscure in-house notations on the slip with the eagerness of an Egyptologist deciphering the Rosetta Stone. Egan knew that there was no racism entry in the 1934 Websters New International but was inquiring whether it was slated for future printings as part of the Addenda, the section in the front of the dictionary for new words that came to the editors attention too late for inclusion in the main text. When Egan said she wanted to use it in a ds., that was short for discriminated synonym, the term of art for the items considered in the entries of the Dictionary of Synonyms that Egan was hard at work drafting. Any word used in a secondary work like the synonym dictionary, according to Merriam-Webster policy, should also be found in the flagship unabridged dictionary.

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The Evolution of Racism - The Atlantic

We are Spaceships Extraterrestrial Viruses May Have Influenced Origin and Evolution of Life (Weekend Featur – The Daily Galaxy –Great Discoveries…

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

The human imagination is a preview of coming attractions, Albert Einstein was fond of saying. Viruses are essentially roving segments of genetic material that have learned how to put on space suits and leave the cell, observed Greg Bear in his epic work of science fiction, Darwins Radio, that mirrors Einsteins adage, suggesting that viruses in our genome function as carriers of evolutionary messagesa genetic radio, so to speak. In this sense, we may simply be spaceships for virus.

Bear sees viruses as transports for primordial nano-encapsulated genetic information that have existed from the beginning of biological time a string of atoms, clumped into molecules, wrapped in another kind of molecular shell, a kind of biological M&M.

Imagine an alien creature floating in space, observes New Scientist about the zombie world of viruses that could hold the key to evolution itself. It doesnt grow, communicate or move at all under its own steam. Without a home it is inert. We know very little about it, except that it will start reproducing when it enters the atmosphere of a planet that suits it. Is it living? Is it dangerous? This may not sound like a plausible being, but it pretty much describes viruses, which replicate only when inside a host. Viruses may seem alien, but they are the most abundant and, arguably, the most important organisms on Earth.

Crossing Over Viruses Occupy an Odd Liminal Space

If there is one insight that the coronavirus pandemic has emerged about Planet Earth it is that there is much that we still dont know about cohabitants of our own world viruses, occupying an odd liminal space, not quite alive, but not dead either. They exist, reports Nautil.us, in what is effectively a hidden world, almost a first Earth. What we cant see in the cosmos that is the best reminder of our limited vision, observes Natutilus. The pandemic has brought us closer than is comfortable to Darwins engines of selection.

Creator and Destroyer Virus Population of Earths Oceans Would Stretch Out 42 Million Light Years

Now, in a neat example life imitating art per Einstein, NASA is integrating advancements in the study of viruses into astrobiology, the study of lifes origins, evolution, and distribution in the universe, hoping to formulate new areas of research to advance our understanding of how viruses may have influenced the origin and evolution of life here on Earth, and perhaps elsewhere in the Solar System.

Pushing the Boundary of Life

We are pushing the boundary of what sort of life or what signs of life you could look for, says NASAs Kathryn Bywaters. Theres so much we dont know. That mystery and intrigue is really what fascinates me, because it shows you that anything is possible. Since the dawn of the Space Age, astrobiologists have worked to determine whether neighboring planets harbor life forms, particularly microbes like bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Now, NASA scientists are wondering if they left something outand the search for extraterrestrial life has landed on viruses.

Sudden Appearance of Species

Is evolution a gradual process, as Darwin believed, or can transnational change occur suddenly, in a violently brief time span, as suggested by Harvard evolutionary theorist, Stephen Jay Gould who argued in Ever Since Darwin that the sudden appearance of species in the fossil record and our failure to note subsequent evolutionary change within them is the proper prediction of evolutionary theory as we understand it. That evolutionary sequences are not rungs on a ladder, but our retrospective reconstruction of a circuitous path running like a labyrinth, branch to branch, from the base of the bush to a lineage now surviving at its top.

Human Genome A Genetic Radio

Goulds vision is mirrored in terrifying story of Darwins Radio with science fiction, beating NASA to the punch. The title is a poetic description of the core element in the storythat viruses in our genome function as carriers of evolutionary messagesa genetic radio, viruses as transports for genetic information. In this prophetic hard-science work of near-future fiction, Bears heroine, molecular biologist Kaye Lang, unveils her theory that ancient diseases encoded in the DNA of humans can return to lifehas become a chilling reality. The haunting proof is evidence: a virus-hunter has tracked down a flu-like disease that kills expectant mothers and their offspring.

For years. writes Bear, Ive been waiting for nature to react to our environmental bullshit, tell us to stop overpopulating and depleting resources, to shut up and stop messing around and just die. Species-level apoptosis. I think this could be the final warninga real species killer.

Recent NASA-sponsored astrovirology workshops amass interest from scientists spanning borders and levels of experiences, says Kathryn Bywaters, a scientist with the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) at NASA Ames Research Center. It created a forum where people could express these ideas that they havent really been able to vocalize on the community level.

Microbes, or organisms such as microscopic fungi, archaea, bacteria, and amoebas, occupy virtually every environment on our planet, and astrobiologists have long-considered the possibility of microbes living elsewhere in our solar system. Viruses, while not technically alive, writes Planet of Viruses author Carl Zimmer, vastly outnumber all living organisms on our planet tenfold. There are an estimated 10^31 viruses on Earth if every virus on Earth were lined up end to end, that line would extend 100 million light years out into space.

Extraterrestrial Invader?

A new, speculative COVID-19 conjecture proposes that the coronavirus came from space, a result of panspermia the theory that life on the earth originated from microorganisms or chemical precursors of life present in outer space and able to initiate life on reaching a habitaible environment. This space virus theory has been the work of a group of researchers, notably Edward J. Steele and N. Chandra Wickramasinghe. This group has published ten papers on the topic since the pandemic began, but their paper from July 14th offers the most detailed argument, suggesting that COVID-19 arrived on a space rocka fragile and loosely held carbonaceous meteorite carrying a cargo of trillions of viruses/bacteria and other primary source cells spotted as a bright fireball over the city of Songyuan in North East China on October 11, 2019.

Fireball Over China

Although the Songyuan fireball was spotted over 2,000 km northeast of Wuhan, where the first cases of COVID-19 were reported, the authors offer the hypothesis that a different fragment of the meteor arrived in the Wuhan area.

While organisms in deep space would not be alive, as is true with Earths viruses, Hoyle and Wickramasinghe believed that space microorganisms might be able to reactivate if they arrived at a suitable planet, like Earth and found a host. In 1979, the astrophysicist Fred Hoyle and Wickramasinghe wrote of Diseases from Space, as the title of one of their books put it. They went on to suggest an interplanetary origin for several outbreaks, including the original SARS in 2003 and influenza.

Theres no evidence Coronavirus came from space, reports New Scientist and the implications could be downright dangerous. The theory is clearly just an attempt to make COVID-19 fit into the existing panspermia model theres nothing new or creative about that.

A Galaxy Full of Microorganisms

Hoyle and Wickramasinghe conceived of panspermia while trying to explain the way in which interstellar dust absorbs light. They noticed that if the dust were composed of bacteria, this would produce the observed pattern of light absorption. Hoyle and Wickramasinghe eventually arrived at the idea of a galaxy absolutely full of microorganisms, present in comets and meteors as well as dust clouds.

While generally debunked throughout the history of science, panspermia the sharing of life via meteorites from one planet to another, or delivery by cometis getting new attention and a little more respect.

Neanderthal Link to Covid-19 A Dark Journey Through Human History

In this context, the question generally raised is whether Earth might have been seeded by early Martian life (if it existed). Mars, it is becoming increasingly accepted, was probably more habitable in its early period than Earth. But panspermia inherently could go the other way as well, or possibly even between solar systems.

MIT and Harvard The Search for Extraterrestrial Genomes

A team of prominent scientists at MIT and Harvard are sufficiently convinced in the plausibility of panspermia that they have spent a decade, and a fair amount of NASA and other funding, to design and produce an instrument that can be sent to Mars and potentially detect DNA or more primitive RNA. In other words, life not only similar to that on Earth, but actually delivered long ago from Earth. Its called the The Search for Extraterrestrial Genomes, or SETG.

We havent looked for [extraterrestrial] viruses specifically before because weve just barely started to scratch the surface of understanding them on Earth, says Bywaters. Previous to now, the technology and the know-how and the understanding of viruses hasnt been at a point that we could really extrapolate that to other planetary bodies.

Virus Implies Life

Assuming that viruses replicate the same way in all systems, detection of a virus would be an indirect detection of cellular life, says Kenneth Stedman, a professor at Portland State University and co-chair of NASAs Virus Focus Group, who says that finding a virus on Mars or Saturns Enceladus, or Jupiters Europa would be a revolutionary advancement in astrobiology.

The paradigm of Darwins Radio, reflecting Harvards Gould, is that evolution proceeds by random mutations within the genome. These mutations alter the nature of the proteins or the other components expressed by our DNA, and are usually detrimental, causing the organism to sicken or die. Yet over deep time, and under changing conditions, mutations may also create novel forms that confer positive advantages. The paradigm being a hitherto undiscovered mechanism whereby the genome takes control of its own evolution, somehow sensing the right time to bring about change.

In Bears prescient work, anthropologist Mitch Rafelson has made an astonishing discovery in a newly discovered ice cave in the Alps of the mummified remains of a Neanderthal couple and their newborn, strangely abnormal child. Kaye Lang, a molecular biologist specializing in retroviruses, has unearthed chilling evidence that so-called junk DNA may have a previously unknown purpose in the evolution of life. Christopher Dicken, a virus hunter at the National Center for Infectious Diseases in Atlanta, is in pursuit of a mysterious illness, dubbed Herods flu, which seems to strike only expectant mothers and their fetuses. As the three scientists pool their results, it becomes clear that Homo sapiens is about to face its greatest crisis, a challenge coiled within our genes since before the dawn of humankind.

Our Genome is Much More Clever than We Are

I believe, Bear says through his heroine, Kay Lange, that our genome is much more clever than we are. Its taken us tens of thousands of years to get to the point where we have a hope of understanding how life works. The Earths species have been evolving, both competing and cooperating, for billions of years. Theyve learned how to survive under conditions we can barely imagine. Even the most conservative biologist knows different kinds of bacteria can cooperate and learn from each otherbut many now understand that different species of metazoans, plants and animals like us, do much the same thing when they play their roles in any ecosystem. The Earths species have learned how to anticipate climate change and respond to it in advance, get a head start, and I believe, in our case, our genome is now responding to social change and the stress it causes.

It makes sense to conclude with question Who am I? observes Carl Zimmer, author of Planet of Viruses, a question as old as Moses, suggesting that on a fundamental DNA level, each human being on Planet Earth is actually more virus than I.

The Daily Galaxy,, Sam Cabot, via The Hidden Life of Viruses, Massive Science, NASA Astrobiology, Greg Bear, Darwins Radio and Stephen J. Gould, Ever Since Darwin (Kindle editions)

Image credit: Shutterstock License

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We are Spaceships Extraterrestrial Viruses May Have Influenced Origin and Evolution of Life (Weekend Featur - The Daily Galaxy --Great Discoveries...

Creation vs. Evolution at the House of Prayer in Kewaskum – washingtoncountyinsider.com

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

Kewaskum, WI Creation vs. Evolution monthly meetings at 6:30 p.m. on the second Monday of the month at the House of Prayer, 100 S. Clinton Street, in Kewaskum.

On Monday, Sept.14, the House of Prayer will be starting a 4-part series by Jobe Martin D.M.D Th.M. The Evolution of a Creationist..

Come and join us for this extremely interesting and factual series.

This is a great evening for believer and nonbeliever alike. Bring your doubts, bring your questions, bring your curiosity, get equipped to respond and learn why evolution has been called a fairy tale for grownups.

Come join us at the House of Prayer, 100 Clinton Street, Kewaskum. Questions, contact Dennis at 920-269-8383 or Joe at 262-388-2285.

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Creation vs. Evolution at the House of Prayer in Kewaskum - washingtoncountyinsider.com

The unnatural evolution of Trevor Noah and The Daily Show – Worcester Telegram

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

"The Daily Show With Trevor Noah" has gone from being jokes about the news to, more and more, the news with some jokes. If comedy is tragedy plus time, perhaps this is a natural evolution when we're too close to the second part of that equation to produce a lot of laughs.

But from the location of what's being called "The Daily Social Distancing Show With Trevor Noah" (his New York apartment), the host says, "If anything, it's an unnatural evolution. Sometimes you are forced to become more of yourself because of something that happens to you or the world around you.

"I think I've always had radical ideas of what 'The Daily Show' could become, but I've never taken for granted you're working with something you've inherited and you're trying to design something whilst also doing it. It's like redesigning an airplane while you're flying it, you know? It's not exactly the safest thing to do."

"The Daily Show" was among the earliest of adapters to a COVID-19 world. It's not just that Noah and the show's stable of correspondents are broadcasting from their homes; the show also has a robust social-media presence, it has expanded from its 30-minute slot on Comedy Central to 45 minutes, and Noah has increasingly folded in the low-key vibe of his Emmy-winning "Between the Scenes" streaming shorts (in which he speaks to the audience about important issues in a relaxed, non-performance way).

"I've had to be more real because the veneer of showbiz, to some extent, has been removed. There's a disparity between what you want to tell the (TV audience) as opposed to what you want to tell (the studio audience) and how they're responding," he says, and now that live feedback is out of the picture.

Audiences are responding. The show has increased its viewership by more than 50% and has logged more than 2.8 billion views on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube so far this year the most of any late-night show, according to data tracking site Domo and data measurement platform Tubular. The show had racked up a handful of nominations since the host's tenure began in 2015. This season alone, it has six (including for "Between the Scenes").

"I think in many ways I'm meeting an appetite by satisfying my own," Noah says. "I'm going to try to voice my opinion and step out a little more than usual. I owe some of that thinking to a friend and mentor by the name of Dave Chappelle. He said, 'Anyone can be funny; not everyone is interesting. Don't discount your point of view, the world you've lived in, the country that has shaped you, the journey that you've lived through in how you see the world.'"

Born during apartheid (when Noah's very existence as a mixed-race child was illegal), the Johannesburg, South Africa, native has witnessed a nation in upheaval before. He recognizes it now.

"Living in this period in America, as much as I hate to say it, a lot of the things that I'm seeing are similar to what we experienced in South Africa. Mass unemployment, a government that doesn't seem to have the best interests of the people at heart. People who are getting angrier and angrier."

Among the earliest of the serious deep dives Noah felt emboldened to take was a nine-minute video of him soberly addressing the realities of race in America in the wake of the killing of George Floyd and other similar events (9 million views) and a more-than 13-minute interview on the show with immunologist Dr. Anthony Fauci (nearly 12 million views).

"I realized that the time on our show would be better spent with Dr. Fauci than trying to satirize things that were happening in the news ... that this is what people wanted to know," Noah says. "In all honesty, that's all I wanted to know. That day, that's all I cared about. I just wanted to know if our packages are safe (to touch) and what's going on with the virus, how the virus was transmitted, et cetera.

"I came to realize the show during this time has no rules. The show will be what it needs to be on the day. We're trying to create as much as we can with what we have. And we're also trying to create a show that's as honest as it can be."

Noah also acknowledges that staying in New York, as he did through the terrifying early days of the pandemic, "really shaped how I was making the show.

"We're in a similar position in more ways than we've ever been to many in our audience. We're not coming to you from a glitzy, glamorous world. I'm not in a studio. I'm in my apartment."

One thing that hasn't changed is that "The Daily Social Distancing Show" is still, at its essence, a comedy program.

"I believe in the importance of jokes. I will never lose that. I always tell people, 'Jokes are what made me. That's how I see the world.' But maybe because the show has more time as well, I no longer have to choose between 'Joke' and 'What I want to say.'"

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The unnatural evolution of Trevor Noah and The Daily Show - Worcester Telegram

Moon Stone & Every Other Evolutionary Stone In Pokmon – GameRant

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

There are few thrills as great as evolving a Pokmon. Any trainer can relate to that dopamine kick of seeing that tiny turtle grow into a bigger, more powerful turtle. There's just something simply satisfying about hitting that level threshold and seeing a Pokmon power up. However, there are many other ways to evolve a Pokmon. It could be bizarre and obtuse, like Feebas in Ruby & Sapphire, or as straightforward and simple as a powerful stone.

RELATED: 5 Pokmon Who Need Another Evolution (& 5 Who Don't)

Evolutionary stones are iconic items to the series. They serve narrative weight in episodes of the anime and are often exciting to find. The door is open to get some incredible Pokmon through these stones, along with potentially early power-spikes. That in mind, one of the most iconic power-spikes is that of the Moon Stone in Mt. Moon, but there are plenty of other incredible evolutionary stones in the series.

The Moon Stone is described as "a stone as black as the night sky," and evolves various Pokmon. This includes Clefairy, most famously, but also others Skitty and Munna. The stone seemingly blesses the Pokmon with the power of the stars, but that doesn't really apply tocases like Nidorino/Nidorina and, again, Skitty.

In the anime, the Moon Stone was absolutely considered to be something from outer space, at least early on. In the games, this theory doesn't really hold. Still, the Moon Stone creates some unique evolutions, and few things are as satisfying as busting down the door to the Cerulean City gym with a full-power Nidoking.

The Fire Stone is said to have a "fiery orange heart" and, appropriately, is used in Fire-type evolution. Many games depict it with a flame literally encased in rock. While that certainly is bizarre, the stone is at least straight-forward. Interestingly, its only non-Red & Blue evolution was added in Black& White, for Pansear (which is still a great name).

Despite being straight-forward, Fire Stone evolutions are still fairly iconic. Arcanine and Ninetales are both staple Fire-types, while Flareon is cute but not very effective. The fire burns brightly with this stone.

The Water Stone looks like water frozen in time, buried in crystal. It's a small piece of a large pond. And, of course, it serves to evolve Water-types. From enigmatic Pokmon like Staryu to the lovable Lombre, the Water Stone Water-types fill different roles and range in their secondary-typing. It's certainly more dynamic than the Fire Stone.

An interesting note about the Water Stone is that it actually has a use outside of evolution. Granted, it's a bit of an obscure usage, but it still is one. In Pokmon Crystal, the stone is used to solve a puzzle in the Ruins of Alph, which is a neat bit of trivia.

The Thunder Stone is iconic through its design and its ties to the series's mascot, Pikachu. The lightning bolt pattern is distinct, although it's never really said to have an electrical charge. While it used to evolve a relatively limited set of Pokmon, it has expanded over time.

RELATED: Pokemon: 10 Adorable Pikachu Memes That Leave Us Cry-Laughing

In Sword & Shield, a number of location-based evolutions were altered to be stone-based instead. This includes Magneton and Charjabug, both of which used to evolve in a specific place. Considering how late in the game Charjabug used to evolve, this is a welcome change.

The Leaf Stone looks like a perfectly fossilized leaf, and its natural energy resonates with several Grass-types. It doesn't quite have the range of secondary-types as the Water Stone, but it has some interesting Pokmon tied to it. Victribell, Vileplume, and Exeggutor all require a Leaf Stone for evolution.

In Sword & Shield, Eevee is able to evolve into Leafeon with the Leaf Stone. Seeing something that was common in hacks of the series become canon is kind of neat.

The Sun Stone, added to the series in Gold & Silver, appropriately has a number of plant-based evolutions. Initially, it started with just Sunflora and Bellossom but added more to its roster in Lilligant and Whimsicott.

Interestingly, another evolution of the Sun Stone is the Electric-type Helioptile. This lizard has an identity build around being in the sun, so it makes sense. It's mostly just interesting because it stands out among the rest of its Sun Stone siblings.

The Shiny Stone, one of three stones added in Diamond & Pearl, is a dazzlingly bright rock. And, like the rest of the stones added in Gen 4, it evolves a varied set of Pokmon types. There is a bit of consistency in what it evolves, but it still feels like a more special stone.

The Shiny Stone is also notably fairly rare. In Ultra Sun & Moon, for instance, the only Shiny Stone obtainable without the use of Pok Pelago appears on the very last island of the game. Florges fans felt the pain trying to evolve the flowery Fairy-type in a time frame where it could still be useful.

The second of the three Gen 4 stones, the Dusk Stone is as dark as shadows. The Pokmon it evolves are equally mysterious, with a trend towards Ghost-type Pokmon. Chandelure and Aegislash in particular stand out as Pokmon that are incredibly powerful in comparison to other stone-evolution Pokmon.

RELATED: 10 Facts You Didnt Know About Pokmon Evolution

It's also just as rare as the Shiny Stone, but here it isn't as much of a problem. All of the Pokmon that require the Dusk Stone to evolve are perfectly capable on their own, some like Doublade even being situationally better than its evolution.

As there is always dusk, there must also always be dawn. The Dawn Stone, however, is limited in its usage. It only evolves two Pokmon: Kirlia into Gallade and Snorunt into Froslass. These evolutions are also both based on the gender of the Pokmon they evolve, which is an interesting note.

Again,the Dawn Stone is a rare one, but because its Pokmon are so limited it isn't so bad. Well, as long as the player has Everstones handy since both Snorunt and Kirlia will continue to try to evolve based on level, regardless of the stone evolution being an option.

The Ice Stone is the latest addition to the stone family, with a snowflake pattern and an icy focus. In Sword & Shield, it replaces the location-based evolution of Glaceon, like the Leaf Stone. However, the trends with its other evolutions are unique.

Aside from Eevee, this stone exists to evolve regional variants of Pokmon. It evolves Alolan Vulpix and Sandshrew along with Galarian Darumaka. Darumaka and Sandshrew also didn't evolve usingstones in their original forms, which is kind of neat. Its evolutions may not be amazing, but its Ice-type focus makes it stand out.

Of course, this list wouldn't be complete without including Pokmon Go's exclusive evolutionary stones. The Sinnoh Stone and Unova Stone both replace other stones and evolutionary items. While this is helpful considering how much junk fills up the Item bag in Pokmon Go, it isstill weird.

The Sinnoh Stone evolves cross-generational evolutionary lines that aren't location-based. Both Murkow and Electabuzz are included, for example. The Unova Stone is used to evolve any Unova Pokmon that requirea stone, aside from those that evolve using the Sun Stone. It's oddly specific, but at the very least the player doesn't have to carry around too many junk items.

NEXT: The 10 Worst Gen 6 Pokmon in Pokmon GO - Predicted & Ranked

Next 5 Legend Of Zelda Games That Are Way Too Short (& 5 That Are Too Long)

Tanner Kinney is a writer, podcaster, radio show host, and game-player based in Indiana. He has previously written for and helped lead a student publication about entertainment in college before writing for GameRant. A student in the Telecommunications program at Ball State University, Tanner uses his skills in media analysis to find the right way to pick apart any topic at hand. He's a Japanese role-playing game fanatic and Chikorita enthusiast, owning maybe one too many Pokemon plushes.

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Moon Stone & Every Other Evolutionary Stone In Pokmon - GameRant

Emergence of Life Played an Important Role on Evolution of the Moon – The Daily Galaxy –Great Discoveries Channel

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

Posted on Sep 3, 2020 in Astronomy, Biology

For about half of Earths 4.6 billion-year existence, the atmosphere contained only carbon dioxide and nitrogen, with no oxygen. But this changed when cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, started producing the first oxygen using nitrogenase, which led to the Great Oxidation Event, fueling the evolution of life on Earth.

Rust Discovered at Moons High Latitudes

To the surprise of many planetary scientists, the oxidized reddish-brown iron mineral hematite has been discovered at high latitudes on the Moon, reshaping our knowledge about the Moons polar regions. Earth may have played an important role on the evolution of the Moons surface, says Shuai Li, assistant researcher at the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology (HIGP) in the University of H Hawaii Mnoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST).

Thought to be a Scientific Impossibility

Scientists led by Li now speculate in the journal Science Advances that Earths life-giving oxygen highly reactive with iron was carried to the poles of the Moon by wind creating what was thought to be a scientific impossibility, rusta reddish-brown oxide left behind when iron atoms react with oxygen and water in what is known as an oxidizing, or electron-losing, reactionwhere solar winds constantly blast its cratered surface with charged hydrogen, causing it to have highly reducing, or electron-gaining, condition that prohibit oxidation.

Overlooked New Theory on Rise of Oxygen That Fueled Evolution of Life

The lunar surface and interior, however, are virtually devoid of oxygen, so pristine metallic iron is prevalent on the Moon and highly oxidized iron has not been confirmed in samples returned from the Apollo missions. In addition, hydrogen in solar wind blasts the lunar surface, which acts in opposition to oxidation. So, the presence of highly oxidized iron-bearing minerals, such as hematite, on the Moon is an unexpected discovery.

When the Moon is in Earths Magnetotail

Our hypothesis is that lunar hematite is formed through oxidation of lunar surface iron by the oxygen from the Earths upper atmosphere that has been continuously blown to the lunar surface by solar wind when the Moon is in Earths magnetotail during the past several billion years, said Li, whos research was inspired by his previous discovery of water in the Moons polar regions in 2018.

I dont think anyone expected this on the Moons surface, said Li, the first author of the paper. This is basic chemistrywe all know that the lunar surface is highly reducing, so there is no reason you would be able to see a high-valence iron like hematite.

To make this discovery, Li, HIGP professor Paul Lucey and co-authors from NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and elsewhere analyzed the hyperspectral reflectance data acquired by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) designed by NASA JPL onboard Indias Chandrayaan-1 mission.

Alien Planets Without Detectable Oxygen Could Be Teeming with Life

When I examined the M3 data at the polar regions, I found some spectral features and patterns are different from those we see at the lower latitudes or the Apollo samples, said Li. I was curious whether it is possible that there are water-rock reactions on the Moon. After months investigation, I figured out I was seeing the signature of hematite.

Concentrated on the Moons Nearside

The team found the locations where hematite is present are strongly correlated with water content at high latitude Li and others found previously and are more concentrated on the nearside, which always faces the Earth.

More hematite on the lunar nearside suggested that it may be related to Earth, said Li. This reminded me a discovery by the Japanese Kaguya mission that oxygen from the Earths upper atmosphere can be blown to the lunar surface by solar wind when the Moon is in the Earths magnetotail. So, Earths atmospheric oxygen could be the major oxidant to produce hematite. Water and interplanetary dust impact may also have played critical roles

Interestingly, hematite is not absolutely absent from the far-side of the Moon where Earths oxygen may have never reached, although much fewer exposures were seen, said Li. The tiny amount of water (< ~0.1 wt.%) observed at lunar high latitudes may have been substantially involved in the hematite formation process on the lunar far-side, which has important implications for interpreting the observed hematite on some water poor S-type asteroids.

The research team hopes the NASAs ARTEMIS missions can return hematite samples from the polar regions. The chemical signatures of those samples can confirm their hypothesis whether the lunar hematite is oxidized by Earths oxygen and may help reveal the evolution of the Earths atmosphere in the past billions of years.

The Daily Galaxy, Jake Burba, via UH Mnoa School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology (SOEST)

Image Credit: NASA

Link:

Emergence of Life Played an Important Role on Evolution of the Moon - The Daily Galaxy --Great Discoveries Channel

A new phase in Bitcoins evolution – City Index

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

A view that has become increasingly popular following the enormous torrent of liquidity unleashed by central banks and governments aimed at supporting economies during the coronavirus pandemic.

For some, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are viewed as a form of digital gold. Others remain sceptical of the entire sector. Somewhere in between are those that are content to buy and sell Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies as suitable trading opportunities arise.

On that note, as viewed on the chart below, the price action in Bitcoin since the beginning of 2020 has mirrored moves in risky assets such as equities. In March and again last week, Bitcoin was caught in the downdraft caused by a selloff in equities. In between those two periods, Bitcoin enjoyed a strong rally.

As the next chart below shows, during 2017 and 2019 the correlation between risky assets and Bitcoin was non-existent.

In a nutshell, the new tendency for Bitcoin to track movements in risky assets may undermine Bitcoin's safe-haven and stable store of value credentials. It may also have implications for Bitcoin demand from a portfolio management/diversification perspective.

From a technical point of view, last weeks sell-off in Bitcoin is viewed as a correction after it completed a 5-wave advance from the March 3850 low to the 12473 high.

In terms of how deep the current correction can retrace, three possible levels jump out. The first is right here, around 10,000, the second is 9,200/000 which comes from the support provided by the 200-day moving average. The third key support level is back towards the 200-week moving average 6600 area.

At this point, the decline from 12473 has unfolded in three waves and there are tentative signs that a base is forming 10,000 area.

Should Bitcoin (and other risk assets) continue to stabilise and be followed by a rally above 10700, it would be an initial indication the uptrend has resumed. Further confirmation would be a sustained break and close above 11200.

Source Tradingview. The figures stated areas of the 8th of September 2020. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future performance. This report does not contain and is not to be taken as containing any financial product advice or financial product recommendation

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A new phase in Bitcoins evolution - City Index

Pippa Middleton’s Style Evolution Through The Years – HuffPost

Posted on September 8, 2020 by Danzig

Pippa Middleton's Style Evolution Through The Years | HuffPost Life

Kate Middleton, aka Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge is known for her sense of style. But her little sister, Pippa Middleton, has made her mark on the fashion world as well.

As maid of honor at her sisters wedding to Prince William in 2011, she made headlines with her figure-hugging, cowl-neck gown designed by Sarah Burton of Alexander McQueen. She has also been a regular chic fixture at Wimbledon each summer and showed off her lovely maternity style in 2018 while pregnant with Arthur, her first child with husband James Matthews.

In honor of her birthday on Sunday, weve rounded up photos of the royal sisters fashion moments. Keep scrolling for Pippa Middletons style evolution through the years.

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